17#3(33), 2012

2012 wlis dasawyisSi, TbilisSi ramdenimewliani pauzis Semdeg, sabagiro gza amuSavda. Tanamedrove teqnologiiT Seqmnilma am satransporto saSualebam erTmaneTs daakavSira riyis parki da nariyalas cixe. miuxedavad imisa, rom sabagiro gza TbilisisTvis kargad nacnobi transportia, mis mimarT Tbilise-lebisa da turistebis interesma molodins gadaa-Warba. riyis da nariyalas sadgurebTan rigebi TiTqmis wesad iqca. am turistuli mniSvnelobis marSruts 2012 wlis bolos kidev erTi, analogiuri daniSnulebis, eleqtrotransporti Seemata. mTawmindaze aRadgines da ganaaxles saukunovani funikuliori, romelzec vagonebis Tanamedrove sistema daamontaJes. dageg-mili iyo erTi wlis Semdeg mTawmindis sabagiro gzis amoqmedebac. dedaqalaqis mTavrobas gadawyvetili hqonda sahaero transportis sxva marSrutebis gan-viTarebac, magram politikuri realobis cvlilebam bevri proeqti daamuxruWa.

mokle istoria

1904 wlis 25 dekembers TbilisSi eleqtrotram-vais pirveli xazi amuSavda. ramdenime Tvis Semdeg ki funqcionireba daiwyo funikuliorma da maSindeli

transporti

Tbilisis saqalaqo transportis perspeqtivebi

Tbilisi maRali urbanuli kulturis mqone evropuli qalaqebis ricxvs Seemata, romlebSic gadaadgileba SesaZlebeli iyo grafikiT momuSave, mowesrigebuli da im droisTvis Tanamedrove satransporto saSu-alebebiT. TbilisSi manamdec arsebobda saqalaqo transporti, kerZod ki konka, romelic 1883 wlidan funqcionirebda, magram eleqtroenergiaze momuSave tramvaisa da funikulioris rkinigzis amuSavebam, sul sxvagvari biZgi misca Tbilisuri transportis ganviTarebas.

meoce saukunis dasawyisSi, TbilisSi tramvai da fu-nikuliori kerZo sakuTrebas warmoadgenda. istoriul wyaroebSi moxseniebulia „belgiis anonimuri sazoga-doeba“, romelmac ganaxorciela es ori proeqti da romelic orive satransporto saSualebis operirebas axorcielebda. belgiur kompaniasa da Tbilisis sakre-bulos SeTanxmebis mixedviT, funikuliori qalaqs usasyidlod unda gadascemoda 45 wlis Semdeg, Tumca fostis damtareblebs, policielebs da bavSvebs manam-dec SeeZloT ufasod mgzavroba. amave xelSekrulebiT navaraudebi iyo mTawmindisa da kojris damakavSire-beli eleqtrorkinigzis mSeneblobac.

Zvel SeTanxmebebs da proeqtebs ganxorcieleba ar ewera. mas Semdeg, rac Tbilisis Tavze wiTeli

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droSa afrialda, kerZo mesakuTreebs sxva qonebasTan erTad saqalaqo transportis kompaniebic CamoarTves. mas Semdeg municipaluri transporti saxelmwifo sakuTrebis pirobebSi, ZiriTadad moskovidan gamoyo-fili subsidiebiT viTardeboda. Sesabamisad, maSin Tbilisis satransporto sistemis ekonomikaze metad socSejibrebebis Sedegebi aRelvebdaT. amitom Tbili-sis saqalaqo transportis sistema qaoturad ara, ma-gram arabunebrivad ganviTarda. amis Tqmis safuZvels Tbilisis sxva qalaqebTan, magaliTad, mosaxleobis raodenobiT Tbilisze odnav did praRasTan Sedareba iZleva.

ucxoeTis gamocdileba da Tbilisis

transporti

CexeTis dedaqalaqis satransporto sistemas komu-nisturi mmarTvelobis naxevarsaukunovani istoriis dasrulebis Semdegac ar dasWirda radikaluri cvli-lebebi. axla es sistema evropaSi ganviTarebis mxriv meoTxe adgilzea da mxolod komfortis zrdaze da gafarToebaze zrunavs.

bolo wlebSi TbilisSi bevri ram gakeTda saqalaqo transportis sistemis gaumjobesebis mizniT. dedaqalaqSi bevrgan aRadgines da ganaaxles infra-struqtura, daamontaJes axali mosacdelebi da eleqtrotabloebi. Tanamedrove sainformacio teq-nologiebis gamoyenebiT SesaZlebeli gaxda mgzavrma winaswar dagegmos marSruti da qalaqSi moZraobis dro. Seicvala safasuris gadaxdis sistema da is ufro daemsgavsa evropuls. Tumca, safasuris mxriv, Tbili-sis transportiT sargebloba erT-erTi iafia mTel evropaSi. magaliTad isev praRas moviSvelieb, sadac sazogadoebrivi transportis yvelaze iafi bileTi, romliTac mgzavroba SesaZlebelia 30 wuTis manZilze,

Rirs daaxloebiT 1 evro, Sesabamisad 2 larze meti. igive xangrZlivobis satransporto bileTi Tbilisze odnav momcro krakovSi daaxloebiT 50 evrocenti Rirs, anu 1 lari. Tumca abonementis mflobelebs transportiT mgzavroba gacilebiT iafi ujdebaT.

TbilisSi abonementiT mgzavrobis saSualeba ar arsebobs, Tumca municipaluri transportiT sargeb-lobas SeRavaTebi aiafebs, romlebic dawesebulia socialurad daucveli moqalaqeebisTvis, studen-tebisTvis da moswavleebisTvis. saerTo jamSi, meriis mier subsidirebuli SeRavaTebiT 600 aTasze meti mgzavri sargeblobs.

municipaluri transportiT – metroTi da avto-busiT ganxorcielebuli mgzavrobis 60 procenti SeRavaTiani tarifiT xorcieldeba. socialurad daucvelTaTvis SeRavaTiani mgzavroba SesaZlebelia samarSruto taqsebiTac, romelic kerZo struqturas warmoadgens. amgvari SeRavaTebis dafinanseba Tbili-sis biujets yovelwliurad 43 milion larze odnav meti ujdeba. daaxloebiT amdenive Tanxa ixarjeba saqalaqo avtobusebis sawvavis SeZenaze. Tbilisis meri-is satransporto samsaxuris ufrosis, akaki joxaZis gancxadebiT, momavalSi, rodesac avtobusebis parkis ganaxleba gaxdeba saWiro, meria mxolod bunebriv airze momuSave avtobusebs SeiZens, romlebic ufro ekologiuri da ufro ekonomiuricaa. Tumca am etapze qalaqis transports sxva prioritetebi aqvs.

prioritetebi

Tbilisis merias transportis ganviTarebis pri-oritetebis gansazRvraSi avtoritetuli franguli kompania „sistra“ exmareba. am organizaciis mier ganxor cielda dedaqalaqis transportis da misi nakadebis kvleva, romelic safrangeTis mTavrobam daafinansa. „sistram“ moamzada Tbilisis tramvais pirveli xazis teqnikur-ekonomikuri dasabuTebac, magram tramvais sistemis mSeneblobis dawyeba ufro metad damokidebuli aRmoCnda qveynis xelisuflebis politikur nebaze da ara teqnikur-ekonomikur dasa-buTebaze. kvlevebis Tanaxmad, tramvais pirvel xazs yoveldRiurad 100 aTasi mgzavri unda gadaeyvana, maSin rodesac Tbilisis metros mTliani sistema yo-veldRiurad daaxloebiT 250 aTas mgzavrs emsaxureba, avtobusebis sistema ki yoveldRiurad daaxloebiT 200 aTasamde mgzavris gadayvanas axerxebs. yoveldRi-urad TbilisSi 900 aTasamde adamiani mgzavrobs, maT ricxvSi mikroavtobusebis, e.w. „marSrutkebis“ mier gadayvanili moqalaqeebis raodenobac Sedis.

perspeqtiul proeqtTa Sorisaa sabagiro gzebis qselis ganviTareba, romlis pirveli monakveTi ukve funqcionirebs da dReSi saSualod 2000 mgzavrs em-saxureba. Tbilisis merias dagegmili aqvs sabagiro gzebis sxva mimarTulebebis ganviTarebac. maT Sorisaa rogorc Zveli, amJamad gaCerebuli sabagiroebi, aseve

akaki joxaZe sabagiro gzebis qselis ganviTarebas prioritetulad miiCnevs

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axali marSrutebis amoqmedebac. sistemis teqnikur-ekonomikuri analizis gakeTebaSi daxmarebis TxovniT Tbilisis meriam kvlav safrangeTis mTavrobas mimar-Ta.

sabagiro gzebi

sabWoTa saqarTvelos bolo wlebSi, TbilisSi sabagiro gzebi sakmaod ganviTarebul transports warmoadgenda, romelic axlac ki gancvifrebuls tovebs am saqmis ucxoel specialistebs.

am sistemis Semadgeneli nawili iyo metrosadgur samgorisa da vazisubnis damakavSirebeli sabagiro. es mimarTuleba erT-erTi pirvelia, romlis realizebis survilic Tbilisis meriis satransporto samsaxurs aqvs. SemuSavebuli gegmis mixedviT m/s samgorisa da vazisubnis sabagiro gza TiTqmis 2000 metris sigrZis iqneba erTi Sualeduri gaCerebiT. varaudoben, rom es marSruti vazisubnis bevr macxovrebels gadaadgile-bas gauadvilebs, romlebsac amJamad mxolod mikroav-tobusis ori da avtobusis erTi marSruti emsaxureba. proeqtis teqnikur-ekonomikuri dasabuTeba jer ar moumzadebiaT.

zogadad cnobilia, rom sabagiro gzis orsadgu-riani xazis mSenebloba daaxloebiT 3 milioni evro jdeba. es sakmaod kargi kapitaldabandebaa iseTi rTuli da gadatvirTuli mimarTulebebis satrans-porto uzrunvelyofisTvis, rogoricaa magaliTad, rkinigzis sadguri – lotkinis dasaxleba – Tbilisis zRva. am 4 kilometriani sabagiro gzis mSeneblobasTan erTad, dedaqalaqis mTavrobas dagegmili aqvs 3,6 kilometriani sabagiro gzis gakeTeba vaJa-fSavelas gamziris boloSi mSenebare metros sadgur „univer-sitetis“ (maRlivi korpusi) da wyneTs Soris. es gac-

ilebiT gaaiolebs wyneTsa da Tbiliss Soris mgzavro-bas. amave metros sadguridan 1 kilometriani sabagiro gza mgzav rebs bagebSi, „studqalaqSi“ gadaiyvans.

am mimarTulebebTan erTad, dagegmilia „vardebis revoluciis moednisa“ da mTawmindis parkis damakav-Sirebeli sabagiro gzis mSenebloba. am proeqtis mosam-zadebeli samuSaoebi ukve daiwyo da Tu politikurma situaciam xeli ar SeuSala, mniSvnelovani satrans-porto qselis nawili gaxdeba. Camoyalibdeba sabagiro gzebis qseli, romelic riyis parkisa da nariyalas ukve arsebul xazs, mTawmindas daakavSirebs. dagegmilia aseve mTawmindidan sabagiro gzis bagiris gaWimva kus tbamdec. aseve, kus tbisa da vakis parks Soris arse-buli Zveli sabagiro xazic unda aRadginon.

Tbilisis meriis satransporto samsaxuris ufross, akaki joxaZes sabagiro gzebis qselis ganviTareba erT-erTi pirveli rigis amocanad miaCnia. aseve uaxloes amocanaTa Soris aris metropolitenis saburTalos xazis bolo sadguris mSeneblobis dasruleba. ukve mimdinareobs metrosadgur vaJa-fSavelas da mSenebare sadgur „universitetis“ damakavSirebeli gvirabisa da Tavad sadguris Seswavla. kvleviTi samuSaoebis das-rulebis Semdeg, aziis ganviTarebis banki mSeneblobis dasrulebas daafinansebs, romelic mniSvnelovnad gantvirTavs metrosadgur „delisTan“ arsebul sat-ransporto habs da mgzavrobasac ufro komfortuls gaxdis. es rac Seexeba moklevadian gegmebs. xolo Tbilisis transportis ganviTarebis grZelvadian prioritets ki Tanamedrove, ekologiurad sufTa da ekonomiuri eleqtrotransportis ganviTareba warmoadgens.

kaxa mWedliZe, `radio Tavisuflebis~ Jurnalisti