Text I of Unit 12 (Book II)

Time to Take it Easy该放松了

Pre-reading questions (P166)Para. 11. Swedish workers take some of the five wee

ks paid holiday that their employers have to give them.

Please change it into two sentences: ① Swedish workers take some of the five weeks paid holiday.

② Their employers have to give them the paid holiday.

take paid holiday 享受带薪假

请告知你每年的带薪年假是多少天？ ① Would you please tell me how many days there are for your paid annual leave?

② Would you please tell me how many days of paid annual leave you have ?’

③ Would you please tell me how many days you take for your paid annual leave?

2. People leave their offices and sleep through the heat of the afternoon, returning to work in the pleasant cool of the evening.

Can we say?People leave their offices and sleep through the heat

of the afternoon in order to return to work in the pleasant cool of the evening.

Please change it into two sentences:① People leave their offices and sleep through the h

eat of the afternoon② They return to work in the pleasant cool of the eve

ning.

the present participle ① He came to visit me, bringing his younger brother with him. ②The students were assembled in the school hall celebrating the occasion. 学生们聚集在礼堂里庆祝这个日子。 ③She went out, slamming the door. 她走了出去，砰的一声把门关上。④He fired, wounding one of the bandits.他开枪打伤了一个匪徒。⑤I got home, feeling very tired. 我到了家，感觉非常疲劳。

Pre-reading questions (P166)Para. 1

Para. 21. And researchers at the US Government’s

Department of Labor recently found that Americans were taking 16 hours less leisure time a week compared with twenty years ago.

1.1 Americans were taking 16 hours less leisure time a week compared with twenty years ago.

Please change the simple sentence into a complex sentence.

= Americans were taking 16 hours less leisure time a week when (if) they are compared with twenty years ago.

In America1. Executive 行政 --- 白宫（ White House ） - cabinet 内阁2. Legislation 立法 --- 国会（ Congress )

3. Jurisdiction 司法 --- 联邦最高法院（ Supreme Court ）及各级法院

Executive （行政）the US Government’s Department of Labor美国劳工部Department of Defense 国防部Department of State 国务院（主管外交等多项事务）、Department of Commerce 商务部Federal Reserve 联邦储备（相当于央行Department of Finance 财政部Department of Energy 能源部…...

In China 1. the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist

Party 中共中央2. the State Council 国务院① Ministry of Finance 财政部联邦储备（相当于央行）、② Ministry of Defense 国防部③ Ministry of Commerce 商务部④ the Chinese People’s Bank 中国人民银行（央行） …..

3. 全国人大 National People’s Congress (NPC)4. 全国政协 the Chinese People’s Political Consultat

ive Conference (CPPCC)

In Britain1. the prime minister 首相2. Parliament ( 议会） a. 上议院（ the House of Lords) b. 下议院 （ the House of Commons)3. 法院 （ court)

Para. 4. 1. And one of the big arguments within the Europea

n Union is over rules governing employment. Please change the sentence into two.

① And one of the big arguments within the European Union is over rules.

②The rules govern employment.Can you change the sentence into a complex one?And one of the big arguments within the European U

nion is over rules that (which) govern employment.

Para. 51. I’ve got to take time now because, like it or

not, time will be taken away from me. = I’ve got to take time now because, whether y

ou like it or you don’t like it, time will be taken away from me.

Para. 71. Unstructured time, dead time, downtime, w

asted time– it makes us ill at ease. 没有头绪，无所事事，浪费时间令我们无所适从。

1.1 ease 安适，悠闲a life of ease 安闲舒适的生活 ill at easeIf you are ill at ease, you are rather uncomfortable, an

xious or worried. 局促不安，不自在 , 心神不宁 ① Howard felt ill at ease and patronized.霍华德感到很不自在，觉得别人对他总摆出一副施恩的态度。 ② He appeared ill at ease at the party. 他在宴会上显得很拘谨。③He is ill at ease and sick at heart. 他心绪不宁是小事，忧心忡忡是大病。 ④ She was ill at ease in any house but her own.除了自己家里，她在任何人家里都不舒服。

2. American entertainment industry is a multi-million dollar business whose only purpose is to help us pass the time when we are not working.

Please change the sentence into two. ① American entertainment industry is a multi-

million dollar business. ② Its only purpose is to help us pass the time

when we are not working. ③ The only purpose of the business is to help

us pass the time when we are not working.

Para. 81. Yet the idea that time should be spent doin

g something runs very deep in Anglo-American culture.

Main clause: Yet the idea runs very deep in Anglo-American culture.

Subordinate clause: that time should be spent doing something.

What clause is it ?Answer: appositive clause

2. spiritual 精神的① 物质与精神需求 material and spiritual needs ② 物质与精神文明 material and spiritual civilization

Para. 9 1. That’s not a view taken by British psychologist Oliver Jam

es.What element is the past participial phrase “taken by British ps

ychologist Oliver James”.”Answer: attributive.Can you change it into an attributive clause?= That’s not a view which (that) is taken by British psychologis

t Oliver James.持…的观点 take the view

Para. 111. That’s a view supported by a growing “anti-work”

movement in the US and Britain, a loosely connected group of campaigners dedicated to the idea that people should work to live, not live to work.

We can say: That’s a view supported by a growing “anti-work” mov

ement in the US and Britain, which is a loosely connected group of campaigners dedicated to the idea that people should work to live, not live to work.

We can not use that instead of “which” for it is a non-restrictive attributive clause.

How to translate the word “movement” ？（政治、社会、思想等方面的）运动；积极开展运动的团体 来源： 《英汉大词典》陆谷孙English version: A movement is a group of people who share

the same beliefs or ideas or who are trying to achieve a particular aim. 运动（团体）（指一群有相同信仰或思想的人，或一群争取达到某一目标的人

Source: COBUILD -- Collins Birmingham University International Language Database 《柯林斯伯明翰大学国际语料库》

English-Chinese Dictionary 出版社：上海译文出版社

How to translate the following :宗教运动、民权运动、五四运动a religious movementa civil rights movementthe May 4 MovementHow to translate the following:那个大学掀起一场反吸烟运动 .That university will start a movement against s

moking.

2. take off 从工作时间（或正在做的事情）中抽出（时间）；歇工，休息，休假①We took a few minutes off to rest. 我们歇手休息了几分钟。②He took two weeks off in August. 他在 8月份休假两星期。③Everyone takes Christmas off.④Bill was tired out so he took the day off. ⑤When his wife was sick, he took off from wor

k.

Para. 121.Imagine how you feel going into work on Mo

nday morning.= Imagine how you feel when you go…… 2. The message seems to be getting through.= It seems that the message is getting through.

3. In a recent survey, more than a third of British workers admitted to pretending to be sick to get time off work.

= In a recent survey, more than one third of British workers admitted that they had pretended to be sick to get time off work.

Para. 141. The importance of being lazy means to not

always be busy with something connected with your job.

= The importance of being lazy means that you don’t have to be busy with something (that is ) connected with your job.