the american chamber of commerce in shanghai · import/export/ compliance other logistics team 40%...

2016 Trade Environment Satisfaction Survey

The American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai

上海美国商会2016贸易环境满意度调查报告

About The American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai

The American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai (AmCham Shanghai), known as the "Voice of American Business" in China, is the largest American Chambers in the Asia Pacific region. Founded in 1915, AmCham Shanghai was the third American Chamber established outside the United States. As a non-profit, non-partisan business organization, AmCham Shanghai is committed to the principles of free trade, open markets, private enterprise and the unrestricted flow of information.

AmCham Shanghai’s mission is to enable the success of our members and strengthen U.S.-China commercial ties through our role as a not-for-profit service provider of high quality business resources and suppor t, policy advocacy, and relationship-building opportunities.

About AmCham Shanghai’s Trade Facilitation Taskforce

AmCham Shanghai’s Trade Facilitation Taskforce engages Shanghai Customs (Customs) and the China Inspection and Quarantine Services (CIQ) regularly on key issues related to import and export business. In March 2007, the Chamber launched the Customs Taskforce to improve communications between AmCham Shanghai members and Shanghai Customs. In 2012, the Taskforce was renamed the "Trade Facilitation Taskforce" because of the inclusion of CIQ. Each year, AmCham Shanghai invites companies from the manufacturing, logistics and trade sectors to par ticipate in the “Trade Environment Satisfaction Survey.”

关于上海美国商会

上海美国商会被称为在华“美国商业之声”，是亚太地区

规模最大的美国商会。商会成立于1915年，是第三家设立

于美国境外的美国商会。作为一家非盈利性、中立的商业

组织，上海美国商会致力于自由贸易，开放市场，私有企

业和信息的自由流通。

上海美国商会的使命是努力通过提供高质量的商务信息与

服务，政策游说支持及丰富的商业联系与交流，促进中美

商贸关系的发展，使会员取得更大的成功。

关于上海美国商会贸易便利化工作组

上海美国商会贸易便利化工作组就进出口业务相关问题与

上海海关和中国检验检疫局定期接洽。2007年3月，上海

美国商会成立海关工作组，旨在改善上海美国商会会员与

上海海关之间的沟通。2012年，工作组更名为“贸易便利

化工作组”，将检验检疫业务囊括在内。上海美国商会每

年都会邀请制造、物流和贸易领域的企业参加“贸易环境

满意度调查”。

AmChAm ShAnghAi 2016

Trade environmenT SaTiSfacTion Survey

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 1

II. SURVEY DEMOGRAPHICS ................................................................................................................. 2

III. TRADE FACILITATION CONSIDERATIONS:

TRANSPARENCY, EFFICIENCY, COSTS AND TIME, COLLABORATION .........................................3

(I) Transparency ...................................................................................................................................... 3

(II) Efficiency ............................................................................................................................................ 4

(III) Time and Costs ............................................................................................................................... 4

(IV) CIQ-Customs Collaboration ....................................................................................................... 5

IV. REFORMS:

E-CLEARANCE, FTZ, THREE ONES, SELF-COMPLIANCE,YRD INTEGRATION .......................7

(I) E-Clearance ........................................................................................................................................ 7

(II) Shanghai FTZ .................................................................................................................................... 8

(III) New Reform Programs ................................................................................................................. 9

V. OTHER EMERGING BUSINESS MODEL ........................................................................................11

VI. LOOKING FORWARD: RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................12

I. 执行摘要 ...............................................................................................................................................14

II. 受访者构成 ..........................................................................................................................................15

III. 贸易推进考虑因素：透明度、效率、时间和成本、协作 ........................................................16

(I) 透明度 ...............................................................................................................................................16

(II) 效率 ..................................................................................................................................................17

(III) 时间和成本 ...................................................................................................................................17

(IV) CIQ与海关的协作 ......................................................................................................................18

IV. 改革：电子通关、自贸区、三个一通关模式、自我合规 .....................................................................20

(I). 电子通关 .........................................................................................................................................20

(II). 上海自贸区 ....................................................................................................................................21

(III). 新的改革方案 ..............................................................................................................................22

V. 他新兴业务模式 ..................................................................................................................................24

VI. 前景展望：建议 .................................................................................................................................................................25

Contents

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This repor t is based on the results of our 2016 Trade Environment Satisfaction Survey conducted in January 2016. The report is an integral part of Amcham Shanghai’s Trade Facilitation Taskforce (TFT) dialogue with Shanghai Customs and Shanghai China Inspection and Quarantine Services (CIQ). The Chamber has had an active dialogue with Shanghai Customs since 2007 and began a parallel dialogue with Shanghai CIQ in 2012. The report provides Shanghai Customs and Shanghai CIQ with feedback on their services, policies, and reform initiatives. Since the survey was first conducted in 2008, Shanghai Customs and Shanghai CIQ have made steady progress to improve their transparency and efficiency and to cut the costs and time needed for clearances. However, the trade facilitation environment China remains far below international standards and more progress is needed, especially in the area of inter-agency coordination and collaboration.

This year’s sur vey is divided into four main areas: Survey Demographics, Trade Facilitation Considerations, Current Reforms, and Recommendations. The main findings are as follows:

•ShanghaiCustomsandShanghaiCIQeffortstoincreasetransparency through publishing regulations and policies on their websites have had a positive effect. There has been an increase of 10 percent in those that found their routine dealings with Shanghai Customs and Shanghai CIQ to be “transparent, predictable, and consistent.”

•Respondents’satisfactionwiththeefficiencyofShanghaiCustoms and Shanghai CIQ remained the same as last year with 48 percent agreeing that “sufficient automation and use of Information Technology is taking place for routine impor t/expor t transactions.” While there has been an increase in the percentage of respondents who agreed that payment of duties to Customs is “electronic, secure, and efficient,” a majority of respondents believe there is more need for online Customs and CIQ documentation and filing.

•As with last year ’s sur vey, respondents remainlukewarm on time and costs savings issues. Only 35 percent believed that costs incurred due to clearance t ime uncer ta inty in Shanghai were lower than elsewhere in China.

•Respondents continue to seekmore coordinationand collaboration between Shanghai Customs and Shanghai CIQ. Only 35 percent of respondents agreed that the level of cooperation between Customs and other related administrations (CIQ, MOFCOM) met their expectations.

•Onlyathirdofrespondentsagreedthatprocessesandstandards of different CIQ and Customs jurisdictions were consistent. There are five regional Customs Integration Programs that cover all of China. The General Administration of Customs (GAC) plans to introduce better integration programs and clearance mode reforms in 2016. Shanghai CIQ announced in late 2015 that it would introduce a countrywide program.

•Respondents continue to suppor t expanding andimproving the E-Clearance Customs Declaration effor ts. Seventy-seven percent suppor t a paperless clearance process while 79 percent believe that the “inclusion of licensed impor t-expor t products” was very important.

• Interest intheFreeTradeZonehasdeclined. Only39percentbelieve thatoperating in a FreeTradeZonewould be more cost effective and less time consuming, compared to 52 percent last year.

•Therecommendationswiththehighest levelofsupportfrom respondents on how to improve Shanghai Customs and Shanghai CIQ were: Declaration to Customs in advance of goods import or export; well-maintained online versions of China Tariff Schedules; and introduction of a Single-Window system.

1 AmChAm ShAnghAi 2016

II. SURVEY DEMOGRAPHICS

The “Trade Environment Satisfaction Survey” was conducted in January 2016 and had 64 respondents. A majority of the respondents work in manufacturing and have more than 10 years of experience in China. Nearly half of the respondents work in the company’s logistics department, while the other half are in senior management.

Third Party Logistics

5%

Manufacturing Import/Export

57%Other

20%

Trading Import/Export

18%

More than 10 years

51%5-10 years

36%

Less than 5 years

13%

INDUSTRY:

What industry does your company operate in?

Advanced Certified

Enterprise

General Certified

Enterprise

General Credit

Enterprise

Do not know

2015 2016

43%

26%

38%42%

3%

16% 16% 16%

CUSTOMS ENTERPRISE RATING:

Most of respondents were either in the “Advanced Certified Enterprise” or “General Certified Enterprise” rating.

Grade A or Class No. 1

Grade B or Class No. 2

Do not know

2015 2016

50%46%

21%24%29%30%

CIQ RATING:

Majority of respondents were in the top two ratings categories while 30 percent did not know their rating.

JOB LEVEL:

Senior Management

Compliance OtherImport/Export/Logistics Team

7%47%40% 6%

CUSTOMS EXPERIENCE:

More than US $100 million

51%

US $10 million – 50 million

18%

US $50 million – 100 million

15%

Less than US $10 million

16%

COMPANY SIZE:

Trade environmenT SaTiSfacTion Survey 2

This section focuses on issues related to impor t and export including transparency, efficiency, time, cost, and collaboration between agencies.

(I) Transparency

Respondents seem pleased overall with the level of transparency in their interactions with CIQ and Customs, with slight increases in all of the categories except one. There was a 10 percent increase in those who found

2013 2015 2016

I find my routine dealings with Customs transparent, predictable, and consistent

I feel comfortable approaching my local in-charge Customs authorities to discuss a change in my

business model or negotiate product classification/value without risk of negative repercussions

I can re-state my Declaration to Customs and/or CIQ for an inadvertent mistake without risk of

financial penalty or other ramifications

I believe the clearance inspection rates incurred by my company are risk-based and directly related to

my Customs Enterprise classification

Fees and charges levied when importing/exporting are published and enable me to assess more

accurately the costs involved in the trading process

Official procedures are standardized, helping me to build realistic expectations regarding time and costs

involved in importing/exporting

CIQ has published all relevant laws, regulations, and administrative rulings

Customs has published all relevant laws, regulations, and administrative rulings

I find my routine dealings with CIQ transparent, predictable, and consistent

43% 44% 13%46% 42% 12%

50% 40% 10%

39% 26% 35%28% 45% 27%

39% 35% 26%

65% 26% 9%53% 36% 11%

51% 36% 13%

48% 35% 17%49% 38% 13%

60% 37% 3%

48% 48% 4%46% 32% 22%

52% 35% 13%

48% 35% 17%40% 45% 15%

50% 35% 15%

61% 26% 13%53% 33% 14%53% 40% 7%

48% 35% 17%40% 45% 15%

50% 40% 10%

48% 43% 9%45% 39% 16%

55% 35% 10%

Agree Neutral Disagree

Transparency

III. TRADE FACILITATION CONSIDERATIONS: TRANSPARENCY, EFFICIENCY, COSTS AND TIME, COLLABORATION


2013 2015 2016

Efficiency


Sufficient automation and use of Information Technology is taking place for routine

import/export transactions

The payment of duties to Customs is electronic, secure and

efficient

Acceptance of payment guarantees, such as bonds instead of cash

deposits, is working well

*There is a need for more online Customs and CIQ documentation and filing

52% 35% 13%

40% 44% 16%

48% 31% 21%

90% 5% 5%

68% 4%28%

2%19%79%

61% 30% 9%

41% 51% 8%

42% 48% 10%

68% 27% 1%

67% 17% 6%

their routine dealings with CIQ and Customs “transparent, predictable, and consistent,” a development that reflects the Chinese government’s efforts to be more transparent. Customs and CIQ have been par ticularly active in this area, publishing several regulations on their websites and briefing AmCham Shanghai members throughout the year on key regulations. While the overall trend is positive, there is still a need for more transparency and cooperation.

(II) Efficiency Respondent satisfaction with the efficiency of Shanghai Customs and CIQ stayed the same or got slightly better. The most significant improvement was the 11 percent increase in those who agreed that the payment of duties to Customs is “electronic, secure, and efficient.” This is a notable recovery after it decreased 22 percent from 2013 to 2015. Though the overall trend is positive, efficiency issues remain. For instance, less than half of respondents (42 percent) agreed that acceptance of payment guarantees are working well. Some companies have repor ted that

Customs is not accepting anything other than cash deposits, and that the process for getting deposits refunded is both unclear and lengthy.

(III) Time and Costs

Satisfaction with time and costs issues remains low. Customs and CIQ have focused on improving this area and introduced a number of measures to decrease the costs and time of clearance procedures such as the “three-ones” (one declaration, one inspection, and one release) in theShanghaiFreeTradeZone.However,membersreportthat the implementation of these programs has been uneven and slow. On the positive side, there has been an increase in the percentage of respondents who agree that “Customs and CIQ allow my company to benefit from Free Trade Agreements to legitimately save import duty costs.” Companies appear to be reaping some of the benefits of the increased number of Chinese Free Trade Agreements. As more of these agreements go into effect, this number should increase.

* This question included an "N/A" catagery which is not reflected in the chart.


Time and Costs

2013 2015 2016

Agree Neutral Disagree N/A

The duty-saving benefit that I gain under Processing Trade is greater than the compliance

costs of managing my Customs Handbook

The costs that I incur due to clearance time uncertainty (e.g., holding additional inventory, carrying cost of capital and transaction-based

inspections) is lower in Shanghai than elsewhere in China

Faster clearance times through simplified clearance processes would ultimately save more

costs for my company than further reductions in import duties

Customs and CIQ allow my company to benefit from Free Trade Agreements to

legitimately save import duty costs

IfwewereoperatingwithinaFreeTradeZone,managing Customs and CIQ clearance would

be more cost effective and less time consuming

35% 26% 9% 30%

42% 28% 1% 29%

39% 26% 3% 32%

22% 48% 26% 4%

36% 40% 12% 12%

35% 37% 13% 15%

70% 22% 4% 4%

52% 31% 9% 8%

47% 37% 3% 13%

52% 38% 10%

43% 46% 11%

60% 39% 1%

52% 28% 7% 13%

39% 34% 11% 16%

(IV) CIQ-Customs Collaboration

Despite attempts by CIQ and Customs to improve their coordination and collaboration, survey results indicate that respondents continue to be disappointed by these effor ts. For many years, there have been rumors that CIQ and Customs would merge. However, there has been no sign of such a merger from the government. In addit ion, CIQ and Customs also have different supervision objectives, which make collaboration difficult. The agencies also have different procedures for different industries. For example, Customs is stricter for chemical shipments, whi le CIQ focuses its energy on food shipments. The lack of collaboration has caused AmCham Shanghai members to occasionally encounter situations in which their goods were cleared by one agency but held up by the other agency.

The satisfaction level of Customs’ and CIQ’s attempts to promote more integration among regional offices has also been low at 30 percent for CIQ and 34 percent for Customs. However, these programs are relatively new. There are five Regional Customs Integration Programs that cover the whole nation. The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Customs Integration Program was introduced in 2014 and consists of 12 customs offices including Shanghai, Ningbo, Hangzhou and Hefei. In theory, companies can declare their goods at their local por t and ship them throughout the YRD. If this program is successful, it could help companies lower costs and save time. Each office is supposed to develop action plans to support the program and Shanghai Customs announced that it would allow “declaration at local customs, inspection and release at port”. In this program, companies in neighboring provinces go through customs procedures at their local Customs


CIQ-Customs Collaboration

2013 2015 2016


The typical documentation requirements of Customs/CIQ are reasonable and not

repetitive

Customs and CIQ are cooperating functionally together under one roof and

conduct official controls in one place

The level of cooperation between Customs and other related administrations such as CIQ, MOFCOM and others meets

my expectations

Customs and/or CIQ officials have sufficient physical infrastructure, training and education

Different Customs authorities across China are willing to work together and communicate

to assist me in my daily operations (e.g., inward movement of bonded goods between

supervised zones)

I find the processes and standards of different CIQ jurisdictions to be consistent

I find the processes and standards of different Customs jurisdictions to be consistent

52% 30% 18%

50% 36% 14%

50% 42% 8%

35% 39% 26%

36% 47% 17%

39% 42% 19%

30% 52% 18%

41% 42% 17%

35% 47% 18%

35% 43% 22%

39% 50% 11%

36% 53% 11%

30% 30% 40%

32% 42% 26%

32% 53% 15%

30% 52% 18%

34% 47% 19%

office in advance and at the same time take advantage of Shanghai’s Single-Window system and the Three-Ones (one declaration submission, one inspection, one release) policy. Customs officials at other YRD ports are still developing their own single-window system. According to Customs officials, they will focus on updating and

enhancing e-Port and clearance regulations and developing regional clearance programs from 2016 to 2017. From 2018 to 2020, Customs will promote country-wide cross-agency clearance. CIQ also launched a national integrated clearance program in 2015, which should begin to have an impact in 2016.


Customs and CIQ have been active in introducing new reforms to keep up with an ever evolving commercial landscape. These reforms have tried to simplify clearance procedure programs and improve trade facilitation in Shanghai. This section focuses on the impact of these reforms on companies and provides suggestions on which reforms companies prefer. In addition to e-clearance and the Shanghai FTZ, this year’s survey includesquestionsonShanghaiCustoms’ “Three Ones” and “Self-Compliance” policies.

(I) E-Clearance

As the world becomes more digital, Shanghai Customs is trying to adapt by supporting more e-clearance customs declarations. Many of these measures have been in place since 2013. Fifty-eight percent of respondents use e-clearance procedures and report that it has saved them time. Five percent report that they have shaved 3 or more days from clearance times.

Has the E-clearance Customs Declaration reduced your company’s average Customs clearance time?

Not Applicable

Yes, by three or more working days

Yes, by two working days

Yes, by one working day

Yes, but not sure by how many working days

No

2015 2016

5%

12%10%

21%19%

24%24%

5%6%

37%37%

AmCham Shanghai members suppor t expanding and improving the program. In par ticular, 77 percent of respondents believe that the “Removal of the necessity to submit any documentation to Shanghai Customs” is impor tant or very impor tant, and 79 percent believe that the “Inclusion of licensed impor t-expor t products” is impor tant or very impor tant. Customs has already made tentative steps in these directions. For shipments that are eligible for e-clearance, companies can submit all of their documents in PDF format. Fur thermore, for el ig ible e-c learance shipments , submiss ion of original documents in PDF format can be waived for companies with approved Customs rating and low-risk clearance items. However, few companies have taken advantage of this program as Customs can demand suppor ting written documents during the clearance process, which would cause a delay. To avoid the delay, companies prefer to submit the hard copies of the required documents.

IV. REFORMS: E-CLEARANCE, FTZ, THREE ONES, SELF-COMPLIANCE,YRD INTEGRATION


How likely is your company to participate in a Free Trade Zone in the future (Fujian, Guangdong, Tianjin)?

2015 2016

Very Likely

Don't Know

Somewhat Likely

Unlikely

Very Unlikely

13%11%

29%33%

17%16%

13%

19%

28%21%

(II) Shanghai FTZ

Initsthirdyearofoperation,theShanghaiFTZcontinuesto decline at a point of special attention to AmCham Shanghai members. In the past, trade facilitation has been abrightspot fortheShanghaiFTZasCustomsandCIQhave piloted some of their newest reforms in the zone such as the Single-Window clearance system. However, the slow pace of reforms in the zone and the practice of rolling out successful reforms to other par ts of the countryhavemade theShanghaiFTZ lessattractive tomembers. In the time and costs section of the survey, the percentage of respondents who agreed that “If we were operatingwithinaFreeTradeZone,managingCustomsand CIQ Clearance would be more cost effective and less time consuming” dropped from 52 percent in 2015 to 39 percent in 2016. On the positive side, 44 percent of respondents are still interested in par ticipating in a FTZeither inShanghaior therecentlyestablishedzonesin Fujian, Guangdong and Tianjin.


Which of the following would you most like to see included in the E-clearance Customs Declaration in 2016?

2015 2016

Inclusion of preferential trade agreement rate of imported goods (except ocean freight)

Inclusion of licensed import-export products

Inclusion of anti-dumping, countervailing, and safeguard measure

Removal of the necessity to submit any documentation to Shanghai Customs

Very Important Important Least Important N/A

20% 49% 10% 21%

34% 35% 10% 21%

42% 36% 6% 16%

37% 42% 5% 16%

17% 36% 19% 28%

18% 35% 19% 27%

35% 42% 4% 19%

42% 35% 32% 19%

Regarding the Shanghai FTZ, what is your company looking forward to in 2016?

Further reform of e-commerce platforms within the Shanghai FTZ

13%More facilitation on payment

of guarantees (deposits)

6%

Further collaboration between Shanghai Customs and CIQ

47%Full implementation of all new policies to all

companies within the FTZ

19%

More specific regulations regarding the implementation of the CIQ authoritized third party product

inspection and testing program

15%

Has your company benefited from the "Three Ones" policy ("one declaration, one inspection, one release")?

2015 2016

Don't Know/N/A

No

Yes43%

27%

25%

18%

32%

55%

Which China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone policy is most important to your business?

Other

Enter First, Declare Later

Consolidated duty/VAT payment

Work-order based Handbook verification

Self-transportation withinFTZ

60%

47%

29%

29%

10%

Specific FTZ Reforms:

Respondents ranked the “Enter First, Declare Later” reform as being most important to their business and said that they were most looking forward to “further collaboration between ShanghaiCustomsandCIQ”intheFTZ.Theseresultswereconsistent with last year.

(III) New Reform Programs

Two of the most highly-touted reform programs are the Shanghai FTZ’s“ThreeOnes” and ShanghaiCustoms’“Self-Compliance” policies. Both programs were designed to decrease the amount of paperwork and supervision associated with is more comprehensive and Customs clearances.

Three Ones:

Under the “Three Ones” policy, companies only need to undertake “one declaration, one inspection, and one release.” Companies no longer need to go to different agencies to carry out the same clearances and inspections. In the past year, there was a significant drop in the number of companies that have benefited from this program and an increase in unaware of the program. The drop can be attributed to Customs’ decision to place more emphasis on the “Single Window” program, which includes the “Three Ones” program.


Yangtze River Delta Integration:

As noted in the CIQ-Customs Collaboration section, Shanghai Customs participates in the Yangtze River Delta Customs Integration Program. This program leads to greater coordination among the Customs offices in the YRD and simplified clearance procedures for companies in the region. Compared to last year, more companies are aware of the program; in addition, 39% of the respondents are already using or are planning to use it. This number should increase as Customs offices in the YRD are developing action plans under this program.

Has your company participated in the Yangtze River Economic integration?

2015 2016

Yes

No, but planning to

No, I don't see the benefits

Yes, but not sure by how many working days

N/A

14%

23%

14%

32%

16%

8%

3%

42%

22%

26%

How does your company take advantage of the Customs self-compliance program?

Conduct internal audit systematically

Don’t know

Respond to Customs inquiries only

Conduct internal audit manually

23%

32%

13%

32%

Self-Compliance:

Self-compliance is a best practice commonly used in the United States and Europe. The program benefits companies by simplifying the supervision process as it allows companies to manage their own compliance processes. However, the percentage of companies that know about the program or have a systematic internal audit program in place is low. Without a systematic internal self-compliance program, companies can have problems in resolving clearance issues with Customs.


Other Emerging Business Models

2013 2015 2016


The clearance time for low value consignments that we receive via express

courier is more reliable than other shipments

The de minimis value for low-value consignments entering China is reasonable

(duties, import VAT or import consumption tax is less than 50RMB payable)

Product labeling requirements are reasonable for e-commerce and low value consignments

E-commerce and low value consignments are applicable to my business

The benefit is significant and the cost of certification is worth it for those Authorized

Economic Operator (AEO) Certified Enterprises compared to those General

Credited Enterprises

30% 35% 18% 17%

55% 25% 9% 11%

50% 31% 9% 10%

43% 22% 13% 22%

46% 29% 16% 9%

38% 33% 19% 10%

35% 26% 4% 35%

44% 30% 8% 18%

33% 40% 11% 16%

22% 39% 4% 35%

45% 25% 1% 29%

36% 24% 14% 26%

39% 39% 5% 17%

Customs and CIQ continue to adjust programs to keep up with emerging business models. Although e-commerce has become one of the most common ways to conduct commercial transactions in China, only 36 percent said e-commerce and low value consignments are applicable to their businesses. This can be attributed to the large percentage of respondents from the manufacturing field, who have not been as active on e-commerce issues. Also of note is the low percentage (38 percent) of respondents who believe that labeling requirements are reasonable for e-commerce and low value consignments. There continues to be a lack

of transparency on labeling issues. There is no standard for labeling and there is no proper access for companies to get the information on labeling requirement, such as a website to specify which information should be included on the label and which should not. There is also no single standard among different regions in China. Companies often need to contract out to a third-party to clarify the rules and print the label, increasing the company’s costs and time. Implementation of labeling rules also varies at different ports with some ports, which further complicates the process for companies.

V. OTHER EMERGING BUSINESS MODELS


T h i s s e c t i o n c o n t a i n s A m C h a m S h a n g h a i ’ s recommendations and a “wish list” of priorities to further trade facilitation reforms. As in last year’s survey, the largest percentage of respondents agreed that “Declaration to Customs in advance of goods import or export” would benefit their company. Companies are under increasing pressure to deliver goods to the market and advance declaration helps to shorten clearance times. Last year’s second most impor tant program, the Single-Window System, slipped to third place with only 64 percent of respondents agreeing that this would benefit them. In second place is “well-maintained online versions of China

tariff schedules.” While it is relatively easy to obtain Tariff Schedules either via a Customs broker or by buying a hardcopy at the Customs window, posting the correct schedules online would be more convenient. Many companies are also interested in obtaining a correct HS code from the authorities and the duty rate for the Impor t/Expor t of goods prior to declaration. This would help companies estimate the duty cost and trade compliance needs. Shanghai Customs and the Shanghai Commodity Classification Centre have made progress in this area but because of limited staffing they are still not able to meet the demands of companies.

Would the below items benefit your operations in China?

2013 2015 2016


Declaration to Customs in advance of goods import or export

Introduction of a Single-window System

Further liberalization/standardization of the Advanced Valuation Rulings

Introduction of Advanced Origin Rulings

Periodical or consolidated duty payment to Customs (e.g. monthly)

Advance payment of duties to Customs before goods’ arrival to expedite clearance

Well-maintained online versions of China tariff schedules

Ease of understanding the processes and qualifications criteria, and in joining and participating

inaFreeTradeZoneprogram

60% 26% 7% 7% 87% 7% 1% 7% 84% 10% 6%

51% 30% 9% 10% 76% 17% 1% 6% 64% 21% 2% 13%

44% 37% 7% 12% 70% 20% 10% 68% 24% 3% 5%

37% 34% 20% 9% 64% 28% 8% 56% 31% 13%

29% 50% 10% 11% 68% 26% 3%3% 61% 28% 3% 8%

28% 42% 23% 7% 52% 24% 20% 4% 50% 29% 13% 8%

74% 21% 5% 79% 18% 3%

61% 33% 3%3% 67% 23% 2% 8%

VI. LOOKING FORWARD: RECOMMENDATIONS


Shanghai, as well as the Yangtze River Delta region, continues to be a major destination for imports, an origin of expor ts, and a growing regional hub. This trend will continue, despite the slowdown in the economy. Shanghai Customs and Shanghai CIQ play a major role in facilitating trade and suppor ting China’s economic development. The AmCham Shanghai Trade Facilitation Taskforce (TFT) has seen steady progress in China's effor t to facilitate trade. To support these agencies as they work to improve the efficiency and transparency of the Customs and CIQ clearance process, AmCham Shanghai submits the following recommendations: 1. Accelerate the implementation of a “Single-Window” system: A simplified and coordinated clearance process will help reduce the time and costs associated with importing or exporting products to China. Both Customs and CIQ have voiced their support for a “Single-Window” system and have rolled out pilot projects. The TFT urges that agencies strengthen their efforts in this area and accelerate the “Single-Window” system.

2. Strengthen Digital and Online Processes: One of the top recommendations for improving services in this year’s survey is to maintain online versions of China Tariff Schedules. Many companies are also interested in obtaining technical information such as their HS codes and import/export duty rates for goods that would help them estimate duty costs and trade compliance needs. As companies become more digital it is vital for Customs and CIQ to keep up with these trends and invest more resources in improving their digital and online processes. 3. Strengthen Regional and National Integration: AmCham Shanghai 's member companies operate throughout China and are confronted with different regulations and implementation practices at regional Customs and CIQ offices. Regional integration and standardization would help companies to simplify their internal procedures and eliminate unnecessary confusion and duplication.


I. 执行摘要本报告是基于2016年1月份实施的《2016贸易环境满意度调查》结果所编写的，是上海美国商会贸易便利化工作组(TFT)与上海海关和上海市出入境检验检疫局（CIQ）沟通互动的重要组成部分。自2007年起，上海美商会与上海海关一直保持着积极的沟通交流，2012年邀请上海CIQ也加入沟通。本报告针对上海海关和CIQ 的服务、政策和改革举措提交了美商会成员的反馈。自2008年开始进行这项调查以来，上海海关和CIQ已经逐步改进了其工作透明度及效率，并缩短了通关的时间和费用。然而，中国的贸易便利化环境仍然远落后于国际标准，尤其是机构间的相互协调与合作方面仍有待改进。

今年的调查主要分为四个部分：受访者构成、贸易推进考虑因素、当前的改革以及建议。本次调查的主要结果如下：

上海海关和CIQ通过在其网站发布政策和法规，努力提高透明度，并已产生了积极的效果。受访者中认同上海海关和CIQ的日常事务处理是“透明、可预测、始终如一”的比例增加了10%。

• 对上海海关和CIQ工作效率满意度的结果与去年相同，有48%的受访者认同上海海关和CIQ在“日常进出口事物处理中充分运用了自动化和信息技术”。虽然认可关税支付采用“电子方式，且安全高效的”的受访者的比例有所增加，但大多数受访者同时还认为有必要更多地使用网上文档提交和备案功能。

• 与去年的调查一样，受访者对时间和成本的节约成效反应冷淡。仅有35%的受访者认为，因通关时间不确定耗费的成本，在上海低于中国其他任何地方。

• 受访者希望上海海关和CIQ之间继续进行更多的协调与合作。仅有35%的受访者认同海关与CIQ、商务部（MOFCOM）等其他行政管理部门之间的合作程度达到他们的预期。

• 只有三分之一的受访者认为不同的CIQ和海关管辖区采用的流程和标准是一致的。目前中国共有五个区域海关一体化方案。海关总署（GAC）计划在2016年推出更好的一体化方案和通关模式改革。上海CIQ在2015年底宣布将推出一个全国性的方案。

• 对海关在扩大和改进电子通关方面的努力，受访者继续表示了支持。77%的受访者支持无纸通关，79%的受访者认为将“已通过许可的进出口产品纳入电子通关”非常重要。

• 对自贸区的兴趣有所减少。仅有39%的受访者认为在自贸区中经营的成本更小，耗时更少，而去年的认同比例为52%。

• 对上海海关和CIQ的工作应如何改进，受访者支持率排名靠前的建议分别为：进出口商品提前报关、妥善维护网上的中国税率价目表、以及推出单一窗口系统。


II. 受访者构成“贸易环境满意度调查”于2016年1月进行，64位受访者参与了调查。大多数受访者来自于制造业，且在中国工作了至少10年。近半数受访者任职于物流部门，另外半数受访者担任高级管理层职位。

第三方物流

5%

制造进口 / 出口

57%其他

20%

进出口贸易

18%

多于 10 年

51%5-10 年

36%

少于 5 年

13%

高级认证企业

一般认证企业

一般信用企业

2015 2016

43%

26%

38%42%

3%

16% 16% 16%

A 等或 1 类 B 等或 2 类

2015 2016

50%46%

21%24%29%30%

高级管理层

合规部其他进出口物流业务

7%47%40% 6%

高于 1 亿美元

51%

1000 万－ 5000 万美元

18%

5000 万－ 1 亿美元

15%

低于 1000 万美元

16%

行业：贵公司从事什么行业？

受访者职级：

企业规模：

海关经验：

海关企业评级：大多数受访者的企业都属于海关“高级认证企业”或“一般认证企业”。

CIQ企业评级：大多数受访者的企业都属于高级别的前两类，另有30%受访者不了解自己企业所属的类别。

不知道

不知道


III. 贸易推进考虑因素：透明度、效率、时间和成本、协作

本节主要探讨与进出口贸易相关的问题，包括透明度、效率、时间、成本以及机构间的协作。

(I) 透明度

受访者对CIQ和海关的透明度总体表示满意，除一项调查外，对其余每项调查满意度的比例均略

透明度：

2013 2015 2016

我认为海关部门对我的日常事务处理是透明、可预测、始终如一的

我能顺利同当地的海关主管部门商讨我公司商业模式的变更或者协商产品的分类/价值，而

不用担心产生负面影响

疏忽出错时，我可以重新向海关和/或CIQ申请报关，而不用承担罚款或其他风险

我认为我公司的海关查验率是存在风险的，并且与公司的海关企业分类有直接关系

进出口商品税率和费用是公开的，便于我更准确地估算交易过程中产生的成本

官方手续标准化，有助于我合理预测进出口环节需要的时间和成本

CIQ公布了所有相关法律、法规和行政管理规定

海关公布了所有相关法律、法规和行政管理规定

我认为CIQ部门对我的日常事务处理是透明、可预测、始终如一的

43% 44% 13%46% 42% 12%

50% 40% 10%

39% 26% 35%28% 45% 27%

39% 35% 26%

65% 26% 9%53% 36% 11%

51% 36% 13%

48% 35% 17%49% 38% 13%

60% 37% 3%

48% 48% 4%46% 32% 22%

52% 35% 13%

48% 35% 17%40% 45% 15%

50% 35% 15%

61% 26% 13%53% 33% 14%53% 40% 7%

48% 35% 17%40% 45% 15%

50% 40% 10%

48% 43% 9%45% 39% 16%

55% 35% 10%

同意中立不同意


有增加。其中，认为CIQ和海关的日常事务处理是“透明、可预测、始终如一”的比例增加了10个百分点，反映了中国政府机构正在努力提高工作透明度。海关和CIQ在这方面非常积极，在其官方网站上发布了若干法规，并且一整年间都在向上海美国商会成员就主要法规进行传达和通报。虽然整体趋势向好，但仍需继续增加透明度及加强合作。

(II) 效率

受访者对上海海关和CIQ工作效率的满意度与去年持平或略高。其中最显著的提升是在关税支付采用“电子方式，且安全高效的”一项，上升了11%，这是继2015年该项调查的结果比2013年下滑22%之后的一个显著的回升。虽然总体趋势在向积极的方向发展，但效率上仍存在问题。比如，只有不到一半的受访者（42%）认为接受付

款担保的方式运作良好。一些公司反应，除了现金，海关不接受以其他任何形式缴纳押金，而退还押金的程序不明确且过程冗长。

(III) 时间和成本

对时间和成本的满意度仍然较低。尽管海关和CIQ一直在着手改进，并推出了多项举措，减少通关的时间和成本，如在上海自由贸易区推出了“三个一”通关模式（一次申报，一次查验，一次放行）。然而，商会成员反映，这些举措的实施不够平衡，且比较缓慢。从积极面看，受访者中认为“海关和CIQ使我公司从自由贸易协定中受益，合理节省关税支出 ”的比例有所上升。中国签署的越来越多的自由贸易协定正在让企业获益。随着更多的贸易协定开始生效，这个比例还将提高。

2013 2015 2016

同意中立不同意

日常进出口交易中充分运用自动化和信息技术

关税支付采用电子方式，且安全高效

付款担保承兑机制运作良好，例如使用债券代替预缴押金

*海关和CIQ有必要更多地使用网上提交文件和备案功能

52% 35% 13%

40% 44% 16%

48% 31% 21%

90% 5% 5%

68% 4%28%

2%19%79%

61% 30% 9%

41% 51% 8%

42% 48% 10%

68% 27% 1%

67% 17% 6%

* 这个问题包含了“无意见”选项；此选项并未在该表中反映。

效率：


(IV) CIQ与海关的协作

CIQ和海关试图改善双方之间的协调和合作，但调查结果显示，受访者对成效略感失望。多年来一直有传言，称CIQ和海关将会合并，但是政府方面并无促成合并的迹象。而且，CIQ和海关有各自不同的监管目标，也增加了合作的难度。同时，这两个机构针对不同的行业有不同的监管程序。比如，海关对化学品进出口更加严格，而CIQ监管的重点则是食品。由于双方缺乏协作，使上海美商会成员有时遭遇货物在一个机构获得放行，却被另一方机构扣留的情况。

对海关和CIQ试图在其区域间部门中更多地推进一体化的满意度也较低，对CIQ满意的百分比仅为30%，海关仅为34%，为此相关部门推出了一些新计划。全国共有五个区域海关一体化计划。2014年推出的长江三角洲海关一体化计划，涵盖12个海关部门，其中包括上海、宁波、杭州、合肥。理论上，物资可在企业所在地港口进行通关，并运往整个长三角地区。如果该计划成功实施，将帮助企业降低成本，节约时间。每个部门都应制定支持该计划的行动方案。上海海关已

时间和成本：

2013 2015 2016

认同持中立不认同不适用

我从加工贸易中节约的关税开支比管理海关手册的合规成本高

因通关时间不确定性（例如持有多余的库存、资本附加费用和针对交易的查验)而导致的成本，在上海比在中国任何其他地方

都要少

简化通关流程，从而加快通关速度，比进一步降低进口关税

更能为我公司节约成本

*海关和CIQ使我公司从自由贸易协议中受益，合理节省关税支出

如果我公司在自贸区内，通关成本会更低，耗时会更短

35% 26% 9% 30%

42% 28% 1% 29%

39% 26% 3% 32%

22% 48% 26% 4%

36% 40% 12% 12%

35% 37% 13% 15%

70% 22% 4% 4%

52% 31% 9% 8%

47% 37% 3% 13%

52% 38% 10%

43% 46% 11%

60% 39% 1%

52% 28% 7% 13%

39% 34% 11% 16%


宣布，它将允许“当地海关申报，港口查验和放行”的计划，通过该计划，相邻省份的企业可提前在当地海关部门办理报关手续，同时利用上海的“单一窗口”系统以及“三个一”的通关模式（一次申报、一次查验、一次放行）进行通关。其余长三角港口的海关部门仍在开发自己的单一

窗口系统。据海关官员称，他们将自2016至2017年着重更新和改进电子口岸功能和通关条例，开发区域通关计划。自2018至2020年，海关将推动全国范围内的跨机构通关。CIQ也在2015年发布了一项全国一体化通关计划，这项计划将从2016年开始发挥作用。

CIQ与海关协作：

2013 2015 2016

认同中立不认同

海关/CIQ的标准文件要求是合理的、无重复

海关和CIQ在执行职能时合作默契无间，集中进行政府监管

海关与CIQ、MOFCOM等其他相关行政管理部门间的合作程度符合我的预期

海关和/或CIQ工作人员具备充分的基础设施配备、培训和教育

中国各海关机构之间愿意相互配合和沟通，在企业日常运作中给予帮助（例如，

在监管区内部转移保税货物）

我认为不同的CIQ管辖区采用的流程和标准是一致的

我认为不同的海关管辖区采用的流程和标准是一致的

52% 30% 18%

50% 36% 14%

50% 42% 8%

35% 39% 26%

36% 47% 17%

39% 42% 19%

30% 52% 18%

41% 42% 17%

35% 47% 18%

35% 43% 22%

39% 50% 11%

36% 53% 11%

30% 30% 40%

32% 42% 26%

32% 53% 15%

30% 52% 18%

34% 47% 19%


IV. 改革：电子通关、自贸区、三个一通关模式、自我合规

电子通关是否减少了贵公司的平均通关时间？

不适用

是，减少了三个工作日或更多

是，减少了两个工作日

是，减少了一个工作日

是，但不确定减少了几个工作日

否

2015 2016

5%

12%10%

21%19%

24%24%

5%6%

37%37%

海关和CIQ已在积极地推出新的改革措施，以便适应不断变化的商业环境。这些改革措施试图简化上海的通关程序，提升上海的贸易便利化程度。本节着眼于这些改革对企业的影响，并就企业希望的改革提供建议。除电子通关和上海自贸区之外，今年的调查还包括有关上海的“三个一”通关模式和“自我合规”的政策事项。

(I) 电子通关

上海美商会成员支持扩大和改善这项计划。特别是，77%的受访者认为在电子通关中“取消向上海海关提交文件”重要或非常重要，79%的受访者认为“纳入已通过许可的进出口产品”重要或非常重要。海关已经在这些方面做出了尝试性的改变。对于符合电

子通关条件的货物，企业可用PDF文件的形式递交所有文件。而且，如果货物符合电子通关条件，且企业具有海关认证评级或货物属于低风险通关项目，还可免于以PDF文件形式提交原始文件。然而，很少有公司受益于该计划，因为在实际通关的过程中，海关可以要求提交书面支持文件，这就将延误通关。为避免延误，企业倾向于以纸质文件的方式提交必要的文件。

随着世界向着数字化的方向发展，上海海关也正在通过更多地支持电子通关，努力适应此发展。很多相应措施在2013年就已到位。58%的受访者使用电子通关程序，并表示这为他们节约了时间。5%的受访者表示电子通关节约了至少3 天的时间。


贵公司有将来有多大的可能加入自贸区（福建、广东、天津）？

2015 2016

极其可能

不知道

可能

不可能

几乎不可能

13%11%

29%33%

17%16%

13%

19%

28%21%

(II) 上海自贸区

上海自贸区运行已进入第三年，上海美商会成员对其的关注度继续下滑。过去，海关和CIQ都曾在区内试点了其最新的改革举措，例如单一窗口通关系统，贸易便利化也因此一度成为上海自贸区的一个亮点。然而自贸区的改革步调缓慢，其中一些成功的改革措施也已经向全国其他地区推行，减少了上海自贸区对上海美商会成员的吸引力。在本调查的时间与成本一节中，认同“如果我公司在自贸区内，海关和CIQ的通关成本会更低，耗时会更短”的受访者比例从2015年的52%降至2016年的39%。从积极方面看，44%的受访者仍然有兴趣加入自贸区，无论是上海自贸区，还是新近设立的福建、广东和天津自贸区。


你最希望下面哪一项被纳入2016年电子通关申报系统中？

2015 2016

纳入进口商品优惠贸易协定税率（海

运除外）

纳入已通过许可的进出口产品

纳入反倾销、反补贴和保障措施产品

取消向上海海关提交文件的要求

非常重要重要最不重要不适用

20% 49% 10% 21%

34% 35% 10% 21%

42% 36% 6% 16%

37% 42% 5% 16%

17% 36% 19% 28%

18% 35% 19% 27%

35% 42% 4% 19%

42% 35% 32% 19%

具体的自贸区改革措施：

受访者将“先入区，后申报”列为对其公司最重要的改革，并表示他们最期待的是，在自贸区内“上海海关与CIQ进一步加强协作”。这些结果与去年保持一致。

2016年，贵公司对上海自贸区的期待是什么？

进一步改革上海自贸区的电子商务平台

13%为付款担保（预缴押金）

提供更多的便利

6%

上海海关与 CIQ进一步加强协作

47%全面实施面向自贸区内

所有企业的新规则

19%

就 CIQ 授权第三方产品查验和测试计划的实施制定更具

体的规则

15%

贵公司是否有从“三个一”政策（一次申报、一次查验、一次放行）中受益？

2015 2016

不知道／不适用

否

是43%

27%

25%

18%

32%

55%

中国（上海）自由贸易试验区实行的哪项政策对贵公司最为重要？

其他

先入区，后申报

关税/增值税合并支付

基于工作指令的手册验证

在自贸区内自行运输

47%

29%

29%

10%

60%

(III) 新的改革方案

其中最受称道的是上海自贸区的“三个一”及上海海关的“自我合规”政策。这两个政策的目的都是为了减少文件工作量以及海关监督通关的工作量。

三个一：

在“三个一”政策下，企业只需经过“一次申报、一次查验、一次放行”，而不再需要去不同的机构进行相同的重复通关和查验。去年，从这项政策中受益企业的数量显著下降，而有更多的企业表示不了解此政策。了解度下降的原因可能是海关将重心更多地放在了全面覆盖的“单一窗口”系统上，其中已经包含了“三个一”计划。


贵公司是否已加入长三角区域经济一体化？

2015 2016

是

否，但计划加入

否，我不认为加入会有任何好处

是，但不确定时间

不适用

14%

23%

14%

32%

16%

8%

3%

42%

22%

26%

自我合规：自我合规是一种最佳实践，在美国和欧洲十分常用。这项程序允许企业自己管理合规流程，因此有助于企业简化监察程序。然而，了解该程序或已实施系统化内部监察程序的企业的比例较低。如不采用该程序，企业可能在通关时遇到问题。

长江三角洲通关一体化：

如在CIQ与海关的协作一节所述，上海海关参加了长江三角洲海关一体化计划。该计划加强了长三角海关部门之间的协作，简化了该地区企业的通关流程。与去年相比，了解该计划的企业有所增加，而且，39%的受访者已经或正在准备加入该计划。随着长三角海关部门制定出针对该计划的行动方案，这一比例应该还会增加

贵公司如何利用海关的自我合规程序？

利用系统进行内部监察

不了解

仅对海关的查询进行回应

人工进行内部监察

23%

32%

13%

32%


其他新兴业务模式

2013 2015 2016

同意中立不同意不适用

通过快递公司进行的低价值货物托运，其通关时间比采用其他方式的通过时间

更可靠

进入中国的低价值托运货物的最低减免标准合理（应付的关税、进口增值税或

进口消费税低于人民币50元）

电子商务和低价值托运货物的产品标签要求合理

电子商务和低价值货物托运方式适用于我公司

获取优质企业认证花费的成本物有所值，因优质企业（AEO）较一般信用企

业获益显著

30% 35% 18% 17%

55% 25% 9% 11%

50% 31% 9% 10%

43% 22% 13% 22%

46% 29% 16% 9%

38% 33% 19% 10%

35% 26% 4% 35%

44% 30% 8% 18%

33% 40% 11% 16%

22% 39% 4% 35%

45% 25% 1% 29%

36% 24% 14% 26%

39% 39% 5% 17%

V. 其他新兴业务模式

海关和CIQ持续不断地对程序进行调整，以便适应新兴的业务模式。虽然电子商务已成为中国最常见的商业交易方式之一，但只有36%的受访者表示电子商务和低价值托运货物适用于他们企业。这可能是因为大多数的受访者都来自于制造业，在电子商务方面并不活跃。另外值得注意的是，只有很少（38%）的受访者认为对电子商务和低价值托运货物的标签要求合理。标签问题持续缺

乏透明度：对标签的要求缺乏标准；企业也没有适当的途径获取对标签要求的信息，比如，没有一个详细说明标签上应该和不应该包括信息的网站；中国不同地区间也没有统一的标准。企业常常需要委托第三方公司阐明规则并印制标签，这增加了企业的时间和成本。对标签规则的实施在不同港口也有所差异，进一步增加了企业制定标签的复杂程度。


下列各项是否有利于贵公司在中国的运营？

2013 2015 2016

同意中立不同意不适用

进出口商品提前报关

推出单一窗口系统

进一步放宽/标准化价格预审核

引进高级原产地管理规则

定期或合并支付海关关税（例如按月支付）

货物抵达前提前向海关支付关税，加快清关

妥善维护网上的中国税率价目表

流程和资格认定条件易于理解，加入自由贸易区程序简单

60% 26% 7% 7% 87% 7% 1% 7% 84% 10% 6%

51% 30% 9% 10% 76% 17% 1% 6% 64% 21% 2% 13%

44% 37% 7% 12% 70% 20% 10% 68% 24% 3% 5%

37% 34% 20% 9% 64% 28% 8% 56% 31% 13%

29% 50% 10% 11% 68% 26% 3%3% 61% 28% 3% 8%

28% 42% 23% 7% 52% 24% 20% 4% 50% 29% 13% 8%

74% 21% 5% 79% 18% 3%

61% 33% 3%3% 67% 23% 2% 8%

本节包括上海美商会的建议，以及一个愿望清单，列出了成员企业希望在进一步的贸易便利化改革中优先实现的事项。跟去年的调查一样，大部分受访者都认同“进出口商品提前报关”对企业有利。在将货物送达市场的时效方面，企业面临的压力不断增加，提前报关可以帮助他们缩短通关时间。去年排在重要性第二位的单一窗口系统，今年下滑到第三位，仅有64%的受访者认为这对企业有利。今年重要性排在第二位的是“维护妥

善的网上中国税率价目表”。尽管企业可以通过报关行或在海关窗口方便地购买税率价目表复印件，但网上发布最新的税率价目表则对企业更加便利。许多企业还很希望能在报关前从海关获得正确的HS编码以及进出口货物的税率，以便帮助他们估算关税成本，以及判断是否符合贸易合规性的要求。上海海关和上海商品归类中心已在这方面取得进展，但由于人手有限，还无法满足企业的需求。

VI. 前景展望：建议


上海以及长三角地区仍然是主要的进口目的地、出口原产地、以及不断成长的区域枢纽。尽管经济增长有所放缓，这一趋势仍将持续。在为贸易提供便利以及支持中国经济发展的进程中，上海海关和上海CIQ起着重要的作用。上海美国商会贸易便利化工作组（TFT）见证了中国在为贸易提供便利方面作出的努力。为了给海关和CIQ提供支持，帮助提升通关程序的效率和透明度，上海美国商会提出以下建议：

1. 加快实施“单一窗口”系统：简化和协调通关程序，将有助于减少中国进出口产品的时间和成本。海关和CIQ都已表示支持“单一窗口”系统，并推出了试点项目。TFT敦促各机构加强这方面的努力，加速推行该系统。

2. 加强数字和在线流程：今年的调查中，在改善服务方面的首要建议，就是维护在线的中国税率价目表。许多企业对获取技术信息也很有兴趣，如获取HS编码和货品的进出口关税税率，这将有助于他们估算关税成本以及判断是否符合贸易合规性的要求。随着企业的数字化发展，海关和CIQ也应跟上形势，投入更多的资源，改进数字化和在线流程。

3. 加强区域和全国一体化：上海美国商会的成员企业的运营遍布中国，他们面临各个区域的海关和CIQ部门不同的规则和实施条例。区域一体化和标准化将有助于企业简化内部程序，消除不必要的混乱和重复。



Special Thanks to Participating Companies* 特别感谢所有参与调查的企业

Smucker International (Shanghai) Company Limited斯味可商贸(上海)有限公司

Corning (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. 康宁(上海)有限公司

ZF (China) Investment Co., Ltd.采埃孚（中国）投资有限公司

IDG Industrial Distribution (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.艾递捷工业品物流(上海)有限公司

Cargill Investments (China), Ltd.嘉吉投资(中国)有限公司

Federal Express Management Consulting (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. 联邦快递管理咨询(上海)有限公司

Grace China Ltd. 格雷斯中国有限公司

Scandic Trading Limit斯高迪（上海）贸易有限公司

The China Center for Dependable Strength

Special Thanks to Trade Facilitation Taskforce 特别感谢贸易便利化工作组

Amber Road China, Ltd. 琥博信息科技（上海）有限公司

Federal Express Management Consulting (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. 联邦快递管理咨询(上海)有限公司

New Zealand Trade and Enterprise新西兰贸易发展局

Cargill Investments (China), Ltd. 嘉吉投资(中国)有限公司

KPMG Huazhen LLP毕马威华振会计师事务所（特殊普通合伙）上海分所

PricewaterhouseCoopers Management Consulting (Shanghai) Limited 普华永道管理咨询(上海)有限公司

Carrier Air-Conditioning & Refrigeration R&D Management (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. 开利空调冷冻研发管理（上海）有限公司

GlaxoSmithKline (China) R&D Co., Ltd. 葛兰素史克(上海)医药研发有限公司

*This list refects companies who agreed to be recognized by name. 该名录为参与本次问卷调查且同意将其名字公布的企业。

Annual Sponsor of the 2015 AmCham Shanghai Trade Facilitation Taskforce2015上海美国商会贸易便利化工作组赞助企业

Shanghai Centre, Suite 5681376 Nanjing Road West, Shanghai 200040

People’s Republic of China中国上海市南京西路 1376 号 , 上海商城东峰办公楼 568 室 200040

Phone: (8621) 6279-7119Fax: (8621) 6279-7643

Website: www.amcham-shanghai.org

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