The Attributive Clause定语从句

handsome tall strong clever naughty 淘气的

The boy is ZhaoQuan.

The boy who is handsome is Zhao Quan.

The boy who is tall is ZhaoQuan.

The boy is ZhaoQuan. The boy is clever.The boy who is clever is ZhaoQuan

那个调皮的男孩是赵权。

The boy is handsome

The boy is ZhaoQuan. The boy is tall.

（主语）

The boy who is naughty is ZhaoQuan

The boy is tall .He is standing on the left.

The boy who is standing on the left is tall.

The boy is short.He is standing on the right

The boy who is standing on the right is short.

一、概念 定语从句 在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出 。

关系代词有：who, whom, that, which等。

关系副词有： when, where, why 等。The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.

先行词

antecedent

关系代词relative pronoun

定语从句

attributive clause

Zhao: Who is your favourite film star?

Daniel: I like Audrey Hepburn best. Do you think that she is a great actress in the world ?

Zhao: Yes, I think so. She is the person who devoted herself to charity.

Daniel: How about you? Tell me the person who you like best.Zhao: My favourite film star is Jackie Chan. I believe that he’s one of the best action film stars that everyone knows.Daniel: Yes, I think he is great, too. Have you ever seen films which he has played roles in ?

Zhao: Yes, and I’ve also found a website which gives a detailed introduction to him.

1.The woman got the job. The woman can speak English. （主语） The woman who can speak English got the job.

2.The teacher will give us a talk.( 主语） The teacher is famous. The teacher who is famous will

give us a talk.

3. The man is kind. Everyone likes him.

The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (whom)( 宾语 )

4.The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.

The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. （ who ） 5.The teacher will give us a talk.

We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom)/(who) we met yesterday will give us a talk.

6.The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him.( 宾语 )

The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab. The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.

7. This is the boy. I sit behind him.This is the boy (whom)/(who) I sit behind.This is the boy behind whom I sit.

(who)

关系代词 : The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.

The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.

The man to whom I nodded is DrLi.

1. who 指人 , 作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略）

2. whom 指人 , 作宾语 ( 作宾语可省略 ,如介词提前则不能省 )

Match the two sentences

1.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese.

___________________________________

2.I don’t like the man. He is smoking.

____________________________________

He is a teacher who teaches us Chinese.

I don’t like the man who is smoking.

3. This is our maths teacher. We all like him very much. ___________________________________

___________________________________

4.The old woman was standing there. We gave her some money ___________________________________

___________________________________

This is our maths teacher

who/whom we all like very much.

The old woman whom/ who we gave money was standing there.

3.He is my father. My teacher just talked with him.

He is my father who/ whom my teacher just talked with.He is my father with whom my teacher just talked.

The apple which is red is mine.

The apple which is red is small

The apple which is green is big.

The apple is red. The apple is mine.

The apple is red . The apple is small

绿色的苹果是大的

1.Mrs. Green is angry with the sheep. The sheep is eating her flowers. ( 主语 )

Mrs. Green is angry with the sheep which is eating her flowers.

2.Can you lend me the book? （宾语） You talked about it last night.Can you lend me the book (which)

you talked about last night.Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night?

3.Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.

Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?

Do you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now?

These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder （ which ） he is using is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrowbooks?

3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略 , 如介词提前则不能省 )

A plane is a machine. It can fly.A plane is a machine that /which can fly.

He is the man. I told you about him.He is the man (that /who/ whom )I told you about.

4.that 指人 / 物 , 作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略） 主语

宾语

注意：介词提前时只能用 which 而不能用 that 。

Is this the library from which you borrow books? from that

(5) 先行词既有人，又有物时 。Look at these flowers and teachers that we visited.

(6) 主句是以疑问词 who 或者 which 开头的特殊疑问句时

Who is the boy that is playing football.

指人 指物 主语 宾语that

which

who

whom

关系代词的用法

√ √ √ √√ √ √

√ √ √√ √

×

×

× ×

关系代词在从句中可以：

何时可以省略？ 做宾语时可以省略

I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.

I’ve read all the books that are not mine.

This is the first book (that) he has read.

This is the very book that belongs to him.

(1) 先行词为 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。

(2) 先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等修饰时。

(3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。

(4) 先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。

that 和 which 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 , 但在下列情况下 , 一般用 that 而不用 which 。

4.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.

5. This is the best novel _______ I have read.

that

that

当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用 that.6.Who is the girl _______is standing

there?7. Which is the machine ____ we used last

Sunday当主句是 who 或 which 引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用 that.

thatthat

Exercise 1

1. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember.

2. Say all ________ you know.

3. Is there anything ______ I can do for you?

that

that

that

当先行词是 something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用 that.

1

23

4

5

Exercise 1 : 用关系代词填空1. The boy ____________ is playing ping-

pong is my classmate.who / that

which/ that

that

which

2.The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.

3. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.

4. All ____ is need is money.

4.That is the factory __we are going to work . A. in that B. in which C. who

3.Look at these flowers and teachers _____we visited. A. which B. who C. that

2.The boy __ is planting trees is in Class 19. A. which B. who C. whom

Exercise 2 : 选择填空1.The girl ___ we want to talk with is my

sister. A. whom B. which C. with that

Exercise 3 : 多项选择填空A. who B. whom C. that D.which

1.This is the teacher _____will go to the south with us tomorrow.

A C

C D

A B C

A C

2.She was not on the train ______arrived just now.3.The nurse _____ we talked about can speak English well.4.Do you like the students _____are often late for school.

Exercise ： 4 Match the two sentences

_______________________________________

I’m reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.

He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.

I don’t like the man who/that is smoking.

1.I’m reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates.

2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese.

3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking.

4.He is the new student. I was talking about him this morning.

He is the new head whom/who/that I was talking about this morning.

Correction:1.The students who cleans the

blackboard should be praised.2.The radio set I bought it last week

has gone wrong.3.The only language which is easy to

learn is the mother tongue.4.The man spoke to me just now was

our English teacher.

clean

去掉 it that

who /that

Exercise ： 5

Help zhaoquan translate following sentences

1. 他居住的房子是 20 年前建造的。

2. 我们昨天拜访的那位妇女是著名的科学家。

3. 坐在电脑旁工作的年轻人是我的哥哥。

4. 看看那正在游泳的男孩和小鸭子。

The house which / that he lives in was built 20 years ago.

The woman (who / that )we visited yesterday is a famous scientist.

The young man who is working at the computer is my brother.

Look at the boy and the little duck that are swimming.

5. 这就是我们正在寻找的那本书。This is the book that / which we are looking for.

6. 他是个热爱动物的人。He is the man who / that loves animals.

7. 这是我们所看过的最精彩的篮球比赛。It is the most exciting match that I have ever seen.