The Dead Sea Scrolls

97121215 英四 B 陳之芃 Helen98121320 英三 C 黃郁蓓 Jenny98121329 英三 C 劉庭瑋 Julia98121351 英三 C 潘若甄 Castle

Outline• The introduction of The Dead Sea Scrolls

• Essenes

• Qumran

• The content

• The influence

The Dead Sea Scrolls• A discovery of Scrolls: a shepherd boy

• Discovered in 1947

• Location: Eleven caves in Qumran

• Origins: 250 BC~ 68CE

• It was probably written by Essenes.

Essenes• Essenes flourished from 140BC-68CE

• One main community was Qumran near the northwest corner of the Dead Sea

• They were a monastic group

• They wrote and hid the Dead Sea scrolls before they were annihilated by the Romans

Essenes

• Live a largely communal life

• Hierarchical organization led by priests

• Daily purification rituals

Qumran

Qumran• the reign of John Hyrcanus, 134-104 BCE

• Destroyed in 68 CE by the Romans

• Home to a Jewish sec (Essence)

• Cemetery

• Represent widely accepted Jewish beliefs and

practices

Content‧Language: Hebrew

　　　　 Greek

Aramaic

‧The scrolls are made of animal skin

‧Written from right to left

‧There are almost no space between the words.

‧Biblical: Fragments of every books of the

Hebrew canon (Except Esther)

Content

Content• Non-biblical: The interpretation of The Law Doctrine of Qumran community Criticism of the end of the world Hymn composition Psalms Commentaries on the Old Testament The explanation of why Abraham almost killed Isaac• Not mentioned about Jesus

Influence• The discovery of the Scrolls has enhanced our

knowledge of Hebrew and Aramaic.

• The Scrolls enhance our knowledge of both Judaism and Christianity.

• The existence of the Old Testament

Thank you