THE ENGLISH CIVIL WARXI. England

a. Charles I                 i. Needed money for wars with France and Spain

ii. 1628 Parliament refuses to grant the King money unless he signed a Petition of Rights with the following points1. King could not

                                                i. Imprison subject without cause (Habeus Corpus)                                                ii. Levy taxes without Parliament consent                                                iii. House soldiers in private homes                                                iv. Impose martial law in peacetime

iii. King agreed so he could get them money then ignored it

b. English Civil War (1642-1649)     i. Charles I needed money to put down a rebellion in Scotland and needed to call Parliament into session to get it

1. Parliament passes laws to limit the Power of the Kinga. Charles tried to arrest members of Parliament leading to a riot causing him to flee England

            ii. Those loyal to Charles (Cavaliers) vs. the supporters of Parliament (Roundheads)                                                

  iii. OLIVER CROMWELL (Lord Protector, Puritan)a. Born in Huntingdon, Wales-1599b. Graduated from Sussex College-1616c. Enters Military Service-1633d. Raises troops on behalf of Parliament-1642e. Names General of New Model Army-1645f. 1644 Oliver Cromwell begins winning

battles and continues until the Kings capture in 1647

1. King executed in 1649 after standing trial

a. Why is this so important?b. Cromwell establishes a

Commonwealth but ends it in favor of a dictatorship

iv. Restoration                   1. After Cromwell’s death his government fell and the people asked Charles II to come rule England

e.  Glorious Revolution             i.  After Charles II, James II becomes King

1. Flaunts his Catholicism and violates English law by appointing Catholics to high office2. Parliament protested and James dissolved it3. Has a son greatly concerning the public about a line of Catholic Kings a. Parliament asks Mary, James older sister, to have her husband William of Orange overthrow the British king

                                         i. Mary was protestant                                                    ii. William agrees and invades England

1. James II abdicates beginning the Glorious Revolution

ii. Results of the Glorious Revolution1. Constitutional Monarchy created through the Bill of Rights of 1689a. No

                                         i. Suspending of Parliamentary law                                                 ii. Levying taxes w/o consent of Parliament                                                 iii. Interfering with freedom of speech in Parliament

iv. Penalty for someone who petitions grievances