The Female Genital Organs 女 性 生 殖 器

The Female Genital Organs

Composion: Internal genital organs 内生殖器 Ovaries 卵巢 Conveying ducts

External genital organs 外生殖器

Uterine tubes 输卵管

Uterus 子宫

Vagina 阴道

Position － lies in the ovarian fossa in the angle between the internal and external iliac vessels on the lateral pelvic wall.

Ovary 卵巢

Shape － an ovoid organ

Superior pole

Inferior pole Anterior border

Mesovarian border 系膜缘 Hilum of ovary 卵巢门

Ⅰ.internal genital organs 内生殖器

Supporting structures Suspensory ligament of o

vary 卵巢悬韧带 Proper ligament of ovary

卵巢固有韧带

Function:

Produce ova 卵子 secrete estrogens 雌激素

Posterior border － free borderTwo surfaces － medial and lateral

internal genital organs

Female Reproductive Cycle

internal genital organs

Uterine tube 输卵管General features About 10cm long Located in the upper edge of broad ligament of uterus

internal genital organs

Four parts Infundibulum of uterine tube 输卵管漏斗

Fimbriae of uterine tube 输卵管伞 ovarian fimbria 卵巢伞

Ampulla of uterine tube 输卵管壶腹－ relatively wide, tortuous, longst part, where the fertilization of the ovum takes place

internal genital organs

Isthmus of uterine tube 输卵管峡 －straight and narrow portion, is the place where the tubal ligation is performed

Uterine part 子宫部 － , pierces uterine wall and opens into cavity of uterus by uterine orifice of uterine tube 输卵管子宫口

internal genital organs

Uterus 子宫General features － muscul

ar pear-shaped organ

Three parts Fundus of uterus 子宫底 Body of uterus 子宫体 Neck of uterus 子宫颈

Vaginal parts of cervix 子宫颈阴道部

Supravaginal parts of cervix 子宫颈阴道上部

internal genital organs

Uterus 子宫Isthmus of uterus 子

宫峡

－ short constricted part, between the body and the neck of uterus,

internal genital organs

Interior cavityCavity of uterus 子宫腔－the cavity of body of uterus, is triangular in coronal sectionCanal of cervix of uterus 子宫颈管－ the cavity of the neck, opens into the vagina at the orifice of uterus 子宫口

Uterus 子宫

internal genital organs

Position Lies in the center of th

e pelvic catity, between bladder and rectum ；

usually it is anteversio

n 前倾 anteflexion

前屈

Uterus 子宫

internal genital organs

Anteversion 前倾 － axis of uterus meet with that of vagina at about 90o ;

Uterus 子宫

Position

Anteflexion 前屈 － axis of body of uterus is bent forward to form an angle of about 170o with that of the cervix .

internal genital organs

Supports of uterus

Pelvic diaphragm Ligaments

Broad ligament of uterus 子宫阔韧带

Round ligament of uterus 子宫圆韧带

Cardinal ligament of uterus 子宫主韧带

Uterosacral ligament of uterus 骶子宫韧带

internal genital organs

Broad ligament of uterus 子宫阔韧带 Mesosalpinx for the uterine tubes 输卵管系膜 Mesometrium for the ovary 卵巢系膜 Mesovarium 子宫系膜

internal genital organs

Round ligament of uterus 子宫圆韧带 maintain in anteversion position of uterus

Cardinal ligament of uterus 子宫主韧带 support the position of uterus to prevent from dropping.

Uterosacral ligament of uterus 骶子宫韧带 maintain in anteverted position of uterus

internal genital organs

Vagina 阴道 Flattened fibromuscular tub

e, about 8 ～ 9cm long Extends upward and backw

ard from vestibule to uterus

Fornix of vagina 阴道穹 Formed between cervix and

walls of vagina Posterior fornix Lateral parts Anterior part

deepest and larger part and related to the rectouterine pouch closely.

internal genital organs

Accessory gland 附属腺体 Great vestibular gland

前庭大腺 On either side of vagin

al orifice Open on both sides of

orifice of vagina

internal genital organs

Ⅱ.External genital organs 外生殖器

Mons pubis 阴阜 Greater lips of pudendum

大阴唇 Lesser lips of pudendum

小阴唇 Vaginal vestibule 阴道前庭 Clitoris 阴蒂 Bulb of vestibule 前庭球

Ⅲ. The mammae 乳房

Position• Lie in superficial fascia over

the pectorals major and pectoral fascia

• Extend from 3rd to 7th ribs vertically, and from parasternal line to midaxillary line transversally

Shape:

in the young adult female (nullipara) the mamma forms a round eminence. The mammary niple 乳头 is on the center of the mamma, and commonly lies at the level of the fouth intercostal space .

areola 乳晕： pigmented area surrounded the niple

Ⅲ. The mammae 乳房

Structures － The mamma consists of skin

皮肤 , mammary glands 乳腺 and adipose tissue 脂肪 ;

Each brest has about 15 ～ 20 lobes of mammary gland 乳腺叶。

Each lobe has has a lactiferous duct 输乳管 which opens separately on the summit of the nipple and possesses a dilated lactiferous sinuses 输乳管窦 just prior to its termination

Ⅲ. The mammae 乳房

• Suspensory ligaments of breast 乳房悬韧带 (cooper’s ligaments ) － strands of connective tissue runs between skin and deep fascia and serve to support the mammary glands

Ⅲ. The mammae 乳房

乳腺脓肿切开引流时，应做放射状切口。乳房基底部与胸肌筋膜间有乳房后间隙。脓肿时，脓汁可向下扩散，宜做低位弧形切口引流。

Ⅲ. The mammae 乳房