the nationalist party: guomindang 国民党 the return of sun yat-sen soviet advisors: mikhail...
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The Nationalist Party: GuomindangThe Nationalist Party: Guomindang国民党 国民党
The return of Sun Yat-senThe return of Sun Yat-sen
Soviet advisors: Mikhail BorodinSoviet advisors: Mikhail Borodin
““democratic centralism” and party democratic centralism” and party organizationorganization
Sun’s Ideology revisited: the Three Sun’s Ideology revisited: the Three Principles of the PeoplePrinciples of the People
Factions: rightist, leftist, center/militaryFactions: rightist, leftist, center/military
Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)蒋介石蒋介石 (1888-1975)(1888-1975)
A military manA military man
Underworld connections in ShanghaiUnderworld connections in Shanghai
Heads the Whampoa military academy in Heads the Whampoa military academy in 19241924
A centrist: but distrustful of the left, of A centrist: but distrustful of the left, of Soviets, and of Chinese communistsSoviets, and of Chinese communists
Heads the National Revolutionary Army of Heads the National Revolutionary Army of the Nationalist Partythe Nationalist Party
Chiang Kai-shek in power Chiang Kai-shek in power
Skillful negotiator, can Skillful negotiator, can play warlord politics play warlord politics quite wellquite well
Close links with Close links with financial base in financial base in Shanghai= he has $$Shanghai= he has $$
““Blue Shirts”: Fascist Blue Shirts”: Fascist group with sworn group with sworn loyalty to Chiangloyalty to Chiang
The National Revolution: Mass The National Revolution: Mass MovementsMovements
Social component of the revolution, led by Social component of the revolution, led by Chinese Communist Party and leftist Chinese Communist Party and leftist Nationalist Party membersNationalist Party membersRural: Farmers Movement Training Rural: Farmers Movement Training Institute, Farm AssociationsInstitute, Farm AssociationsRent reduction campaigns, increasing Rent reduction campaigns, increasing violence against landlords and rural elitesviolence against landlords and rural elitesCities: massive labor strikesCities: massive labor strikesEmphasis on class struggleEmphasis on class struggle
Fallout and Effects of the National Fallout and Effects of the National RevolutionRevolution
Removes or Weakens warlords, reunifies China Removes or Weakens warlords, reunifies China under the Nationalist Party-stateunder the Nationalist Party-state End of the Alliance with Chinese Communists, End of the Alliance with Chinese Communists, abandonment of many social goals of revolutionabandonment of many social goals of revolutionBloody suppression, particularly in Shanghai, Bloody suppression, particularly in Shanghai, Nanjing, CantonNanjing, CantonDeath or banishment of many talented Death or banishment of many talented revolutionariesrevolutionariesStart of the “Nanjing Decade” of Nationalist rule Start of the “Nanjing Decade” of Nationalist rule from 1928-1937from 1928-1937
AccomplishmentsAccomplishments
Economics: beginnings of a modern Economics: beginnings of a modern industrial sector, mining, manufacturing, industrial sector, mining, manufacturing, electricity productionelectricity production
Infrastructure development: highways and Infrastructure development: highways and railroadsrailroads
Foreign relations: removal of tariffsForeign relations: removal of tariffs
Experiments in Local governmentExperiments in Local government
Failures and ShortcomingsFailures and Shortcomings
Authoritarian rule: no more mass Authoritarian rule: no more mass movementsmovements
Military domination of governmentMilitary domination of government
No program for rural ChinaNo program for rural China
Ineffective administrationIneffective administration
Poor tax systemPoor tax system
Social costs: (more to come next week)Social costs: (more to come next week)