the promise of first toledo 12 - 15 december 2000, page: 1 a sub-millimetre satellite for astronomy...

The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:

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A SUB-MILLIMETRE SATELLITEFOR

ASTRONOMY & AERONOMY

ODIN


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THE ODIN ASTRONOMY TEAMBergman, Per Bergvall, Nils Bernath, PeterBlack, John Booth, Roy Buat, VéroniqueCrovisier, Jaques Curry, Charles Encrenaz, PierreFalgarone, Edith Fich, Michel Feldman, PaulFrisk, Urban Gahm, Gösta Gerin, MaryvonneGregersen, Erik Harju, Jorma Hasegawa, TatsuhikoHeikkilä, Arto Hjalmarson, Åke Horellou, CathyJohansson, Lars-EB Kwok, Sun Lagerqvist, Claes-IngvarLarsson, Bengt Lecacheux, Alain Liljeström, TarjaLiseau, René Lorne, Avery Mattila, KaleviMitchell, George Nordh, Lennart Nyman, Lars-ÅkeOlberg, Michael Olofsson, Göran Olofsson, HansRickman, Hans Ristorcelli, Isabelle Rydbeck, GustafSandqvist, Aage Serra, Guy (†15 August 2000) Tothill, NickVolk, Kevin Wiklind, Tommy Wilson, ChristineWinnberg, Anders

http://www.ssc.se/ssd/ssat/odin.html


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THE ODIN SPACECRAFT

Launch: 2001 on Start-1 (Svobodny, Russia) Orbit: circular synchronous (620 km, ascending node @ 18:00) Lifetime: 2 yr (minimum)

Platform: 3-axis stabilised w. reaction wheels, star trackers & gyros Mass: 250 kg ( Bus: 170 kg, Payload: 80 kg) Height: 2.0 m, Width: 1.1 m stored/ 3.8 m operational Power: 340 W (deployable, fixed arrays) Cooling: 120 K (closed cycle Stirling)Datalink: > 720 kbit/s (Esrange, Sweden) Storage: > 100 Mbyte (solid state memory)

Telescope: 1.1 m offset Gregorian Material: CFRP skins on honeycomb Surface: 8 m primary, 5 m secondary (rms) Pointing: 15 arcsec (staring), (1.2 arcmin scanning, aeronomy)


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ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS

Front-Ends Schottky diodes (120 K, Stirling cooled) 480 - 580 GHz: 4 tunable receivers (17 GHz)

System Noise Temperature: 2300 K (SSB) 119 GHz: 1 fixed receiver (InP HEMT)

System Noise Temperature: 500 K (SSB)

Back-Ends 2 digital hybrid autocorrelators (HAC) 1 acousto-optical spectrometer (AOS) (3 filters - 40 MHz: aeronomy)


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ODIN SENSITIVITY

tint = 15 min for S/N = 5 (incl. chopping)

submm 1 K, 1 MHz mm 0.5 K, 150 kHz


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C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz

A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz

B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz

B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz

Spectrometer: Bandwidth - ResolutionAOS : 1000 MHz - 1 MHzCorrelators : 4 x 200 MHz - 1 MHz 4 x 100 MHz - 500 kHz 2 x 100 MHz - 250 kHz 1 x 100 MHz - 125 kHz (0.07 km s-1 @ 557 GHz)


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C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz

A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz

B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz

B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz

O2

H2O 557NH3O2

[C I] ( 3P1- 3P0 ) 492CO (5-4) 576

572487

119

C18O (5-4) 54913CO (5-4) 551

H218O 548

H217O 552

CS 490 HDO 490 HD18O 493, 502

[13C I] ( 3P1- 3P0 ) 492(F = 1/2-1/2, 3/2-1/2)


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C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz

A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz

B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz

B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz

O2

H2O 557NH3O2

[C I] ( 3P1- 3P0 ) 492CO (5-4) 576

572487

119

C18O (5-4) 54913CO (5-4) 551

H218O 548

H217O 552

SWAS

[13C I] ( 3P1- 3P0 ) 492(F = 1/2-1/2, 3/2-1/2)


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A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz

B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz

B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz

H2O 557NH3O2

572487

FIRST - HIFI BAND 1480 GHz___________________________________640 GHz


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LOW-LYING LEVELS OF O2 & NH3


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O2 LINE STRENGTHS

if 119 & 487 GHz optically thin, thermalised & EXTENDED:

F1 = 1 1 = 1 1 A1 n1 =

2 A1 g1 e12/kT

F2 2 2 A2 n2 1 A2 g2

F118.8 1.3 e20.7 K/T

F487.3

then119 GHz 10 times stronger @ 10 K


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NH3 ENERGY LEVELS

Transition E/k A (J,K) - (J,K) (K) (GHz) (m) (s-1)

(1,0) - (0,0) 29 572 524 1.6 10-3

(1,1) 24 24 1.3 104 1.7 10-7

(2,2) 65 24 1.3 104 2.3 10-7

(2,0) - (1,0) 87 1215 247 1.2 10-2

(2,1)s - (1,1)a 82 1215 247 1.4 10-2

(2,1)a - (1,1)s 80 1168 257 1.2 10-2


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NH3 (J=1-0, K=0) 572 GHz LINE2-level approximation:

TR

= hc3 X(o-NH

3) N(H

2) n(H

2)

lu X

kV

X ncrit e/n(H2) ncrit e/n(H2) + glu/gul + 1

easily detectable: n(H2) = 104 cm-3 , AV = 10m

TR = 0.5 K for T = 20 K , X(NH3) = 10-7

V = 1 km s-1


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+ HIGH-LYING LEVELS OF H2O & HDO


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TELESCOPE BEAMS

SWAS553 GHz3.’3 x 4.’5

FIRST557 GHz

39’’

ODIN540 GHz

2.’2

ISO1670 GHz

80’’

FIRST1670 GHz

13’’


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ODIN SCIENCE

Topic Topic Prio 1 Prio 1

ISM & Star Formation 65.5%• Galaxies & Cosmology 16.5%• Solar System 6.5%• Spectral Scans 6.0%• Post-MS Evolution 5.5%


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ODIN SCIENCE

Giant Molecular Clouds & Hot Cores Dark Clouds & Cold Cores Flows, Shocks & Cloud Edges/PDRs Exotic Chemistry & High Latitude Clouds Galactic Centre & Galactic Plane

ISM / STAR FORMATION: SURVEYS of


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ODIN SCIENCE

LARGE SCALE STAR FORMATION ...

… and on the SMALL SCALE


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PROTOSTAR INFALL MODELS: B335H2O (110-101) 557 GHz (ortho-to-para = 3)

SWAS 3 limitlog X(H2O) = -7(ApJ Lett 539)

ODIN limitlog X(H2O) = -8

Expectedlog X(H2O) = -5

Expectedlog X(H2O) = -6 Hartstein & Liseau (1998) AA 332, 703


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PROTOSTAR INFALL MODELS: B335FIRST & H2O (ortho-to-para = 3)

para

ortho 557 1670 GHz538.3 179.5 m

1113 988 GHz269.3 303.5 m


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THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

LAUNCH: 15 FEBRUARY 2001


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O2 LINE STRENGTHS

if 119 & 487 GHz optically thin, thermalised & POINTLIKE:

F1 = 1 1 fbeam 1 [fbeam -> 0 ] (1 / )3 A1 g1 e

12/kT F2 2 fbeam 2 A2 g2

F118.8 0.005 e20.7 K/T

F487.3

then119 GHz 30 times weaker @ 10 K


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ODIN OBSERVING PLANTopic tot No of Obs No of Priority 1

(obs / sources)Star Formation 735 48 / 24GMCs 396 42 / 16Shocks/Outflows 232 15 / 5Orion 152 24 / 1Dark Clouds 90 18 / 10Cloud Edges/PDRs 88 13 / 4High Latitude Clouds 40 12 / 4Galactic Plane 817 27 / 9Galactic Centre 105 16 / 9Magellanic Clouds 91 12 / 5Galaxies 40 5 / 5Primordial Molecules serendipity modeEvolved Stars 64 12 / 7Spectral Scans 4 0 / 3Solar System target of opportunity modeExotic Chemistry 34 11 / 9Absorption Studies 31 / 27Calibration Sources na na / 11


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THE ODIN RADIOMETER


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C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz

O3 (111 - 000 ) 118.36C3HD (221 - 110 ) 118.64HO2 (212 - 111 , 23/2 - 11/2) 119.15NH2CN (616 - 515 , 0 - 0) 119.17CH3CHO C2H5OHC3NHCCCN… etc

the promise of first toledo 12 - 15 december 2000, page: 1 a sub-millimetre satellite for astronomy...

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