The Road Not Taken

Reflections on African American History

Sundra Kincey, Doctoral Candidate

Educational Leadership and Policy Studies

Office of Minority Affairs Presentation

Florida State University

February 23, 2006

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Carter G. Woodson1875 - 1950

Founder of Negro History Week

(now “Black History Month”)

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Frederick Douglass (1817 – 1895)

Abolitionist, orator and writer who fought against slavery and for women's rights. Douglass was the first African-American citizen appointed to high ranks in the U.S. government.

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The First Black Vote

Though there would be still so many rivers to cross and mountains to climb, this was indeed a glorious, inspiring, landmark event. We can sense the many years this gray-haired man has waited for this moment to cast his ballot. In line are others, including a military man.   HARPER'S WEEKLY, November 16, 1867

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Booker T. Washington1856-1915

Founder of Tuskegee Normal School in Alabama(now Tuskegee University)

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George Washington Carver(1864-1943)

American scientist, educator, humanitarian, and former slave. Carver developed hundreds of products from peanuts, sweet potatoes, pecans, and soybeans; his discoveries greatly improved the agricultural output and the health of Southern farmers.

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W.E.B. DuBois1868 -1963

First African American to receive a Ph.D. from Harvard UniversityCo-Founder of the NAACP

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Martin Luther King, Jr.1929-1968

National leader of the civil rights movement, leading boycotts and staging protests against segregation in the South.

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Coretta Scott King1927-2006

Widow of slain civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Founder of Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change

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Malcolm X1925-1965

World renowned African American/Pan-Africanist and human rights activist

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Thurgood Marshall(1908 – 1993)

First African American elevated to U.S. Supreme Court (1967-1991)

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Colin PowellBorn 1937

First African American to serve as

chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

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Sojourner Truth1797-1883

Nationally known speaker on human rights for slaves and women

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Harriet Tubman(1820 - 1913)

Devoted her life to fighting slavery, helping slaves and ex-slaves, and championing the rights of women. An incredibly brave woman, she was known as the "Moses of her people." Conductor for the Underground Railroad who helped slaves flee to freedom in the North

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Mary McLeod Bethune1875-1955

Founder of Bethune-Cookman College

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Zora Neale Hurston1891-1960

A novelist, folklorist, and anthropologist

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Rosa Parks1913-2005

"mother of the civil rights movement"

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Shirley Chisholm(1924 - 2005)

First African-American woman elected to the US Congress. During her long political career, she fought for the rights of women and minorities.

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Bessie Coleman(1893-1926)

First black female pilot and the first woman to receive an international pilot's license.

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Mae C. JemisonNASA Astronaut (former)

First African-American Woman in Space

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Oprah Winfrey

First African-American woman to reach billionaire status

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Black History:Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

Thank You!