the sun notes

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THE SUN

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Page 1: The Sun Notes

THE SUN

Page 2: The Sun Notes

COMPOSITION OF THE SUN:

a) 75% Hydrogenb) 24% Heliumc) 1% Trace Elements

Page 3: The Sun Notes

NUCLEAR FUSION:

The process by which nuclei of small atoms combine to form a new more massive nucleus; the process releases a lot of energy

Page 4: The Sun Notes

NUCLEAR FUSION:

Fusion powers the sun by combining hydrogen atoms in order to form Helium, the remaining mass is converted to energy,

E = mc2

Energy = mass x (speed of light)2

Page 5: The Sun Notes

THE SUN’S INTERIOR:

a) Three layers: Core, Radiative Zone, Convective zone

b) Fusion occurs in the core c) Core is ionized gas (plasma)

Page 6: The Sun Notes

THE SUN’S ATMOSPHERE:

a) Three layers: Photosphere, Chromosphere, and the Corona

b) Photosphere is called the Sun’s “surface” because it is what you see

c) Corona – the outermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere

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SUNSPOT

the dark area of the photosphere of the sun that is cooler than the surrounding areas and has a strong magnetic field

Page 9: The Sun Notes

SUNSPOT CYCLE:

Observing sunspots showed that the sun rotates (about 27 days)

The increase and decrease of sunspots follows an 11 year cycle

Page 10: The Sun Notes

SOLAR FLARE:

An explosive release of energy (electrically charged particles such as protons and electrons) that comes from the sun, and that is associated with magnetic disturbances on the sun’s surface (sunspots)

Page 11: The Sun Notes

CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS:

A part of coronal gas that is thrown into space from the sun, causes disturbances with Earth’s radio communications

Page 12: The Sun Notes

AURORAS:

Colored light produced by charged particles from the solar wind and the Earth’s atmosphere that react and excite the oxygen and nitrogen in the Earth’s upper atmosphere

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