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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO

TOEFL iBT

SPEAKING STRATEGIES & PRACTICE

DR. HİKMET ŞAHİNER

İÇİNDEKİLER

PART 1. STRATEGIES ABOUT TOEFL iBT SPEAKING SECTION ................................... ...... 1

TASK 1: EXPRESS AN OPINION ........................................................ 4

TASK 2: PAIRED-CHOICE ................................................................ 20

TASK 3: ANNOUNCEMENT OR NOTICE ......................................... 33

TASK 4: GENERAL/SPECIFIC LECTURE ........................................ 63

TASK 5: PROBLEM/SOLUTIONS ..................................................... 83

TASK 6 LECTURE SUMMARY ......................................................... 100

PART 2. PRACTICE TOEFL iBT SPEAKING PRACTICE TEST 1 .................................... 115

PRACTICE TEST 1 AUDIO SCRIPT &SAMPLE RESPONSES ....... 120

TOEFL iBT SPEAKING PRACTICE TEST 2 .................................... 126
















TOEFL iBT SPEAKING PRACTICE TEST 10 .................................. 213

PRACTICE TEST 10 AUDIO SCRIPT &SAMPLE RESPONSES ..... 218





ÖNSÖZ

TOEFL iBT, ABD’deki ETS adlı kuruluş tarafından geliştirilen ve sınava giren kişilerin Akademik İngilizce hakimiyetini Okuma, Dinleme, Konuşma ve Yazma olmak üzere 4 ana dil becerisinde sınayan dünyadaki en kapsamlı ve en doğru sonuç veren İngilizce sınavıdır. TOEFL iBT sınavında başarı kazanan kişilerin Standart İngilizce Gramer, Kelime Haznesi, Dinleme, Konuşma ve Yazma becerilerini aşama aşama geliştirerek sınavda uygulanması gereken strateji ve tekniklerle beraber TOEFL sınavına yönelik çok-kapsamlı bir hakimiyet geliştirdikleri ve bu hakimiyeti GERÇEK TOEFL testlerini uygulayıp pratik yaparak perçinledikleri gözlenmektedir. TOEFL Hazırlık uzmanı Dr. Hikmet Şahiner tarafından 10 yıllık bir sürede titizlikle hazırlanan ve TOEFL iBT sınavının Speaking bölümüne yönelik olan The Ultimate Guide to TOEFL iBT Speaking Strategies & Practice kitabı, TOEFL iBT Speaking bölümünündeki 6 farklı sorunun doğru ve hızlı bir şekilde çözülmesi için gerekli strateji ve teknikleri, Gerçek TOEFL iBT Speaking soru örneklerini ve çözüm açıklamalarını ve her soru türüyle ilgili açıklamalardan sonra da pratik amaçlı o soru türüne özgü Gerçek TOEFL iBT Speaking soruları içermektedir. The Ultimate Guide to TOEFL iBT Speaking Strategies & Practice kitabının 2. bölümünde ise, adayların 1. bölümde öğrendikleri strateji ve teknikleri uygulayıp pekiştirebilmeleri amacıyla tam 40 GERÇEK TOEFL iBT Speaking Testi verilmektedir. Kitaptaki bütün soruların ve testlerin ses kayıtları kitap ekindeki CD-ROM'da sunulmaktadır.

ULTIMATE GUIDE TO TOEFL SPEAKING STRATEGIES & PRACTICE

ABOUT TOEFL iBT SPEAKING SECTION

The TOEFL iBT Speaking section assesses your ability to speak in common situations in North American college and university campuses - both in and out of the classroom. The Speaking section lasts for about 20 minutes and consists of six questions: • Two independent speaking questions, in which you respond to two questions on general-interest or campus-related topics. You will both see these questions on your screen and listen to them on your headset. For each question, you will have 15 seconds to prepare your response and 45 seconds to give your response. Question 1 will ask you to state an opinion about a general-interest topic such as a familiar person, place, event, or object. Question 2 will ask you to state a choice among two possible situations, actions, or opinions on a general-interest or campus-related topic. • Two integrated listening, reading, and speaking questions, in which you read a short passage, listen to a short lecture or conversation on the same subject, and then respond to a question about the material. For each question, you will have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to give your response. Question 3 will ask you to integrate information from a reading and a conversation on a campus-related topic. Question 4 will ask you to synthesize general written information and specific spoken information on an academic topic. • Two integrated listening and speaking questions, in which you listen to a conversation or lecture and then respond to a question about the material. For each question, you will have 20 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to give your response. Question 5 will ask you to listen to a conversation about a campus-related problem or dilemma and give a solution. Question 6 will ask you to listen to a talk on an academic subject and summarize key information.

TOEFL iBT Speaking Topics The Speaking selections of the TOEFL iBT are on general-interest, campus-related, and academic topics. Items on general-interest topics ask about your personal likes, dislikes, or preferences: • A place you like to visit • A place you like to study, read, have fun, etc. • An important event in your life • A person, event, class, or experience that influenced you. Questions on campus-related topics are on subjects relating to life on a North American college or university campus, including student life, residence halls, university offices, and university services.

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TOEFL iBT Speaking Campus-Related Topics • Campus events, including performances, guest speakers, etc. • Campus transportation • Class announcements • Food service • Library and computer services • Parking regulations • University policies on academic honesty, class attendance, mobile phones, etc. Questions on academic topics focus on topics students might encounter in classes in the arts, humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences.

TOEFL iBT Speaking Academic Subject Areas • Arts and humanities: literature, art and art history, music and music history • Sciences: life science, physical science, earth and space science, computer science • Social sciences: geography, history, sociology, anthropology, psychology, economics • Business and management: case studies After you take the TOEFL iBT, your responses will be sent to trained raters who will score your work using special scoring guides, called rubrics. The rubrics, which are different for independent and integrated tasks, focus on: • Delivery: fluency and clarity, including pronunciation and intonation • Language use: appropriate and effective use of grammar and vocabulary • Topic development: the completeness and accuracy of your response, organization and flow of your ideas, and integration of information from readings and listening selections (on integrated questions)

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ULTIMATE GUIDE TO TOEFL SPEAKING STRATEGIES & PRACTICE Independent Speaking • Question 1: State an opinion about a general-interest topic. • Question 2: State a choice of two possible actions or opinions on a campus-related or general-interest topic. Integrated Reading, Listening, and Speaking • Question 3: Read and listen to students talking about a short document on a campus-related topic. Respond to a question. • Question 4: Read a short passage and listen to part of a lecture on an academic topic. Respond to a question. Integrated Listening and Speaking • Question 5: Listen to two people talk about a campus-related problem. Respond to a question. • Question 6: Listen to part of an academic lecture. Respond to a question.

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QUESTION 1: EXPRESS AN OPINION The first independent speaking question asks you to express your opinion about a topic of general interest. No special knowledge is assumed or needed. The topics include describing favorite or important places, pastimes, people, and activities; expressing likes, dislikes, and values; and retelling important past events. The following are examples of TASK-1 questions: • What do you like to do on rainy days? Use details in your response. • What was the most useful class that you took in high school? Give reasons for your response. • Talk about the type of transportation you prefer to take while traveling and why.

SAMPLE QUESTION 1 Narrator: You will now be asked a question about a familiar topic. After you hear the question, you have 15 seconds to prepare your response and 45 seconds to answer. (Question number) 1. What was the most useful class that you took in high school? Give reasons for your response. You then hear:

Preparation Time: 15 Seconds Response Time: 45 Seconds

Begin preparing your response after the beep. [beep sound] After 15 seconds, you hear:

Preparation Time 00:00:00

Begin speaking after the beep. [beep sound]

Response Time 00:00:00

After 45 seconds, you hear: [beep sound] Now, stop speaking.

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ULTIMATE GUIDE TO TOEFL SPEAKING STRATEGIES & PRACTICE

NOTE-TAKING MODEL Your notes for the task 1 should include these things: your answer to the question, two or three details or examples to support your answer, any special vocabulary or ideas you want to remember as you speak, and a concluding thought. Here is an example of notes from the prompt above.

There is no need to write complete sentences when you take notes. It is also important not to sound like you're reading whole sentences from your notes or reciting memorized sections. You will receive a lower score if you don't sound as if you are speaking freely and naturally.

SAMPLE QUESTION 2 Think of a class that influenced your life and why it had such a big influence on you. Include details and examples to support your opinion.

This question asks for your opinion on a common topic any student could answer, a class that had an influence on you. Like all TOEFL iBT independent speaking questions, it asks you to give an answer and support it with details and examples. Here is a sample response to the example TOEFL iBT Speaking opinion question. Read and listen to it.

SAMPLE RESPONSE 1 TRACK - 1 The most important class, umm, that I ever took was a class in geometry ... in high school. I had a really good teacher that year. In this class, I liked to solving the problems with logic. This class was important for me because I like math for the first time. Before this class, I hated math. After this class, I decided to take another math class. Then I began to like math more and more. So I decided to major in math in college. This response scored a 4 because it:

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DR. HİKMET ŞAHİNER - Is on topic, answers the question, and is complete - Has some pauses and hesitations but flows fluently and is understandable overall - Has some minor grammar problems, but these small errors do not interfere with understanding. For example, like is used in place of liked, but the response is understandable, and the past tense is used correctly in other places throughout the response. - Includes details that make sense and are relevant - Is in a logical order - Uses a number of signaling words and expressions (before, after, then, so) to show the relationships among the ideas Here are some more sample answers to this example question. Read and listen to each one. Then note the score that each one received and why it received that score.

SAMPLE RESPONSE 2 TRACK - 2 Of all my classes, the most important was piano performance. I took this class my second year at university. In this class, we studied with a very famous pianist. She was very experienced. This teacher taught us many ways to perform better. She know a lot about how to play for a audiences. How to focus. How to listen, too. She help us feel more comfortable on stage. Now, when I am prepare for a concert, I think of this class. She gave us a lot of good advice. This response scored a 3 because it: - Models clear speech, though it has a number of pronunciation problems that slightly interfere with understanding - Has fairly good grammar and vocabulary but has a number of errors. Sentence fragments (such as How to focus) made the response choppy but still clear. - Is sustained, despite the choppiness - Has relevant ideas but does not follow an effective order - At times, has unclear relationship among ideas. Better use of signaling words would make the relationship among ideas clearer. For example, it is not clear how listening better will help her perform better.

SAMPLE RESPONSE 3 TRACK - 3 The most important class I took was physical chemistry. Call this class p-chem. This class is very hard; students are always afraid. I study very hard in this class, get good grade. Learned many things. I feel good because I work hard in difficult class, get good grade. After that, feel can do good in hard class. Know that I am good at chemistry.

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ULTIMATE GUIDE TO TOEFL SPEAKING STRATEGIES & PRACTICE This response scored a 2 because it - Is understandable overall but requires listeners to pay attention carefully to understand - Has choppy delivery and the pronunciation is hard to understand in places - Has limited control of grammar and vocabulary and has several basic errors, such as sentences with missing subjects - Addresses the question but has limited ideas. It focuses on just one idea and restates it several ways . - Has only limited use of signaling words, which makes understanding the relationships among ideas difficult

SAMPLE RESPONSE 4 TRACK - 4 TOEFL prep course very important class for me. Learn a lot about very hard test important for life. TOEFL test is very, very ... difficult. Listening, speaking, reading, write. Study all these things to get ready. TOEFL test very important ... to future. Want to go to Canada if passing TOEFL. TOEFL very hard test ... study a lot. Get good grade, go to Canada for to studying, get married after graduate, have good life. This response scored a 1 because it - Has very limited content - Has unclear pronunciation, choppy delivery, and several unnatural pauses - Includes only basic ideas - Does not use the time available

TASK 1 STEPS STEP 1: Pay attention to all parts of the prompt so that you can give a complete answer. STEP 2: Make very brief notes in outline form to plan your response. Include the reasons and details you plan to mention. Remember, though, that 15 seconds is not much time! Use abbreviations where possible. STEP 3: Try to give at least two reasons, details, or examples in your response, or relate a short anecdote or narrative. STEP 4: When you speak, indicate details and examples with clear signposts, such as for instance, for example, another reason , furthermore, and so on. STEP 5: Speak at a natural pace, at a good volume.

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