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8/8/2019 Thi Nghiem Chuyen De_phan Mem Mo Phong

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I HC BCH KHOA TP H CH MINH

KHOA K THUT HA HCBM: CNG NGH CH BIN DU KH

TH NGHIM CHUYN

M PHNG V TI U HA QU TRNH

H Ch Minh, 2008

GV-TS Hunh Quyn


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Mc ch:

-Trang b cho SV nhng khi nim c s v m hnh, quy trnhm hnh ha ng dng trong thit k m phng cc thit b, qutrnh cng ngh.

-Trang b nhng kin thc c s v chng trnh PROII,

HYSYS...

-Lm quen vi chng trnh m phng proII qua cc v d v mphng


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Gii thiu tng quan

-Thit k m phng l qu trnh thit k vi s tr gip ca mytnh v cc phn mn ng dng chuyn nghip.

-Cc t kha c s dng trong thit k m phng:

Simulation, process simulation : M phng, qu trnh m phng

Dynamic simulation : m phng ng

Simulator: thit k m phng

Equation of state (EOS) : phng trnh trng thi

Steady-state simulation : m phng trng thi bn vng

To proceed by trial and error: M phng bng cch m mm

Model : m hnh

Modelling : qu trnh m hnh ha.....

I. Gii thiu:


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m hnh ho

Phng trnh m hnh ho

Bin vo (T,P,V)Bin ra (T,P,V)

Tham s hiu sutqu trnh Phng trnh m hnh ho:

-Phng trnh nng lng

-Phng trnh vt cht

-Phng trnh hiu sut ca qu trnh

II.Khi nim Model, m hnh ha


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Model m hnh ho mt thit b

Da trn:

H cc phng trnh:

-Phng trnh cn bng vt liu-Phng trnh cn bng nng lng

-Phng trnh hiu sut ca thit b

Tham s:-u vo

- nhng c trng

- tham s hiu sut

Cho php tnh ton c u ra ca thit b


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Cc bc tin hnh m hnh ho

Vn thc t Phng trnh ton hc

Gii quyt bi tonLp

1

2

3

4


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Quy trnh m hnh ho

Xc nh vn

Tham s gii hn

D liu

Xy dng model

Gii quyt Model

Kim tra model

Hiu chnh model


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III. ng dng ca thit k m phng:

-Thit k mt qu trnh mi ( designing)

-Kim tra mt qu trnh ang tn ti (Retrofitting).

-Hiu chnh qu trnh ang vn hnh (Troubleshooting)

-Ti u qu trnh ang vn hnh. ( Optimizing)

-To c s cho qu trnh thit k h thng iu kin ca

qu trnh.


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Cc bc cn quan tm khi tin hnh thit k m phng:

- lm g?

- Ni dung m phng

- S cn thit ca tnh phc tp trong qu trnh m phng- Kt qu no cn xc nh ca qu trnh m phng.

lu : Mc tiu l hm ca cc bin s banu


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IV. Cc phn mm ng dng m phng trong CNHH

-Design II ( WINSIM)

-Pro/II (Simsci)-Prosim

-HYSYS ( HYSIM)

.....


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IV Phn mm PRO/II

IV.1 Gii thiu chung v ProII:-Lch s:

+Xy dng nm 1967 v a vo ng dng 1988 do SIMSCI

+C nhiu phin bn

-ng dng: + Cc qu trnh cng ngh Ha hc, Polymer, Ha dc, cbit trong cng ngh ch bin du kh...

-Nguyn tc ca proii: +lm vic theo kiu modul.

+ c mt thvin d liu phong ph: t tnhha l ca cc cu t, h thng cc phng trnh ng hc cho php tnhton cc tnh cht ha l, phung trnh phn ng


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IV.2 ng dng ca PROII:

-Thit k phn xng mi.- M phng mt phn xng ang hot ng nhm ti u,hiu chnh, xy dng m hnh iu khin quy trnh...


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IV.3 cc bc tin hnh m phng bng proII

-Chn hn v ( anh, mt, SI)

-Xc nh thnh phn cu t c trong h

-La chn phng trnh nhit ng:

-Xy dng dng nguyn liu v c tnh ca sn phm

-Xy dng thit b vi cc thng s ca c trng thit b viu kin vn hnh.


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Lu :

-Ch n n gin ca s m phng.

- M phng chthc hin ch dng


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V Cc khi nim c bn v qu trnh chng ct:

Hnh v:


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V.1 Thit b ngng t sn phm nh:

Cc dng ngng t:


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PROII mt nh qu trnh ngng t sn phm nh l mt bc thay i nng tng ng vi mt a l thuyt.

C 4 dang ngng t:

-Ngng t mt phn: (partial) lng chc ngng t mt phn, nhit bngchnh nhit im sng ca hn hp.

Dng ny c hai loi: + Distillat vapor: Lng ngng t ch hi lu, snphm ly ra trng thi hi ( overhead).

+ Distillat mixe: lng ngng t mt phn hi lu mt

phn thu hi

-Bubble temperature: Hn hp c lm lnh n nhit im si, hn hpngng t han ton. Mt phn hi lu, mt phn thu hi ( Fixe rate draw:

+ Subcooled, Fixe temperature: Lm lnh di nhit imsi ca hn hp.

+ Subcooled, Fixe temperature drop: Gig nhqu trnh trnm

nhng nhit

lm lnh

c xc

nh bi mt gi tr no


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V.2 Thit bun si y: ( Reboiler)

ProII xem thit bun si y nhmt bc thay i nng

Thit bun si y c 3 dng:

+ Kettle:+ Thermosiphon without baffles

+ Thermosiphon with baffles


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VI L thuyt v nhit ng hc

Nh

ng

c tr

ng nhit

ng hc l c

s d liu quan trng cho victnh ton phn tch tan h thng

-C nhiu phng php tnh tan

-Hai phng php ni bc nht:

+API v Rackett: Tnh tan chnh xc t trng ca pha lng.

+ Phng trnh trng thi ( phng trnh bc III tng qut, phngtrnh PR, SRK, SRKP... Tnh tan chnh xc cc ac trng nhitng hc nhenthanpie, entropie lng hi, t trng pha hi...


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VI.1 Phng trnh trng thi:

- ng dng trong khong nhit v p sut rng

- Trng thi tham kho l trng thi kh l tng v trang thi thcc tnh chnh lch so vi trng thi l tng thng qua cc h shot p cho c hai pha

VI.1.1 Phng trnh bc ba tng qut


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Cc h s u, w c xc nh:


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VI.1.2 Phng trnh Soave Redlick Kwrong

1972, tnh chnh xc p sut hi ca cu t tinh khit v tnh ton cn bnglng hi cho h nhiu cu t

Saove xc nh:

Trong :


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VII. La chn m hnh nhit ng

VII.1 Phng php chung

nh hng n chnh xc ca kt qu m phng

Mi phng php nhit ng cho php tnh ton cc thngs sau:

Hng s cn bng K

Enthanpie, entropie ca cc pha lng v hi

t trng pha lng v pha hi


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Phng php chn la m hnh nhit ng


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La chn m hnh nhit ng


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La chn m hnh nhit ng


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Cc k hiu

VII 2 Cc ng dng c th ca cc m hnh nhit ng


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VII.2 Cc ng dng c th ca cc m hnh nhit ng

VIII.1 Cc qa trnh lc du v ch bin kh

-H thng chng ct p sut thp: ( Chng ct chn khngm chng ct khquyn). Ty thuc vo thnh phn nh trong nguyn liu, nu phn nh tc th chn GS hoc BK10 nu thnh phn nh ln chn PR, SRK, EOS....

-H thng p sut cao nn chn SRK, PR, GS..

-Kh thin nhin:

+ Chn SRK, PR, BWRS nu nguyn liu cha t hn 5% N2, CO2,H2S v khng c cu t phn cc khc.

+Chn SRK, PR, nu nguyn liu cha ln hn 5% N2, CO2, H2S v

khng c cu t phn cc khc.+ chn cc bin th ca PTTT nhSRKM, PRM... Trong trng hp

l vic p sut cao c ln nc hc trong trng hp nguyn liu cmethanol ( phn cc)

VIII 2 t h h d


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VIII.2 cc qu trnh ha du:

-Qu trnh x l HC nh: + p sut thp SRK, PR+ p sut cao SRKKD

Qu trnh x l HC thm:

+ p sut nh hn 2 bars: Ideal

+ p sut ln hn 2 bars: SRK, PR...

X l hn hp HC thm v HC khc: UNIQUAC, UNIFAC, NRTL


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Giao din


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New file


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New file


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-Dng trn cng:Application title bar

-Dng th hai: Menu bar

-Dng th ba: Standard tool bar

-Bn phi v pha di mng hnh : thanh trt

-Bn phi: cng cFloading PFD( PIPE FLOW DIAGRAM)

-Run: chy chng trnh

X Cc thao tc c bn chy PROII


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X. Cc thao tc c bn chy PROII

+M chng trnh mi: ( opening a new simulation)File -----Menu-----New

Hoc c th to new file ngay khi chng trnh khi ng:Option Menu

New File on startup

+M mt chng trnh c sn:

File Menu

Open

h f l


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+Ghi mt file

save--- or save as---- nhp tn ---- OK or enter

Proii s tng nn 3 file d liu (*.pr1,*. pr2,*. pr3) v mt file flowsheet (

sfd) thnh mt file *.prz

Bn cnhm PROII c chc nng AUTOSAVE cho php ghi tng

+Xa mt chng trnh m phng:


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File Menu----- Delete

Sao chp mt chng trnh m phng ( chp tt c 3 file *.PRZ vo mt file mphng mi hoc ang hin hnh)

File menu ---- Copy

+ Hin thi

c tr

ng cc dng trn mng hnh m phng:

Hin th cc c trng ca dng


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-Flash Hot-key Tool: cho php tnh ton nhanh cc c

trng ca dng

-Exporting the PFD to the window Cliboard

Menu, File, Export chn Flowsheet Drawing

-Importing a proII Keyword input file

Menu, File, Import

+ Xc nh cc tnh cht bng lng hi ( Display BVLE)


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-Chn hn v

-Chn cu t

-Chn m hnh nhit ng

-Chn biu tng BVLE.

-Kt qu gm 5 loi biu :

+ X-Y+ T-X-Y

+ Fugacity+K Mol

+T-P


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THC NGHIM

Bi ton 1: M phng thit b tch kh lng


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to p g t t b tc g

Nguyn liu

Methane 13 (kmol/h)

Ethane 22 (kmol/h)

propane 38 (kmol/h)

Butane 22 (kmol/h)

pentane 5 (kmol/h)

Lu lng 100kmol/h

Nhit 30oC

p sut 10 bars

iu kin lm vic 30oC v 7 bars

Xc nh

-Lu lng v thnh phn sn phm nh v y?

-Nng sut nhit ca thit b tch?


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S1

Vapor

Liquide

Nguyn liuMethane13 (kmol/h)

Ethane22 (kmol/h)

propane38 (kmol/h)

Butane22 (kmol/h)

pentane5 (kmol/h)

Lu lng 100kmol/h

Nhit 30oC

p sut 10 bars

iu kin lm vic 30oC v 7 bars

730

Xc nh

-Lu lng v thnh phn sn phm nh vy?

-Nng sut nhit ca thit b tch?

S cng ngh


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Bi ton m phng


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Bi 2: Demethanizer

S liu: Lu lng: 8m3/sNhit :120oF

p sut: 602,7 psia (pound per square inch absolute)

(1 psia=0,06896 bar)- Sn phm y cha 0.015%C1

Nguyn liu vo:

S h


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S cng ngh

230kmol/h

Bi ton m phng 2ThThnh phnh phn moln molCCu tu t


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p g

Nguyn liu vo0.00230.0023

0.02330.0233

0.49480.4948

0.19910.19910.28050.2805

1.0001.000

EthaneEthane

PropenePropene

PropanePropane

IsobutaneIsobutaneNN--butanebutane

TTngng

ThThnh phnh phn moln molCCu tu t

-Lu lng nguyn liu:343.6kmol/h

-Nhit 80 oC

-p sut 17 bars

+Thp chng:

-22 a+ reboiler+ condenser

-a tip liu: 8

-p sut nh: 17 bars

+ sn phm :

-Sp nh Propane= 87%

-Sp y butane= 53%

+ M hnh ha thp tch+ Lu lng sn phm nh

+ Duty condenser+ Reboiler

Xc nh:


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Xc nh:

-Cng sut my nn?-Thnh phn, nhit v p sut cc dng sn phmlng kh?


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Xc nh:

-Chs hi lu

-Thnh phn, lu lng sn phm nh y

-Nng sut nhit ca thit bun si y v thit b ngng t ( Mkcal/ngy)

S m hnh


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Bi ton 4: Xc nh a np liu ti u ca thp tch propane bng cngc Optimer


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c Optimer

-Nng xut: 400tn/ngy

-P= 18 bars

-Thnh phn nguyn liu: Propane =26%

Butane= 74%

Thp: 22 a

Np liu a 11

p sut nh 16,5 bars

Tn tht p sut /a = 10mmbars

Ngng t han ton

p sut bnh tch 16,2 bars

Tiu chun:

1% C4 trong sp nh

2% C3 trong sn phm y

xc nh a np liu ti u nng xut thit bun si nh nht


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Bi tan 5: xc nh s a l thuyt ti thiu v chs hi lu ti thiu cathp tch propane bng phng php shortcut


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p p p g p g p p

-Nng xut: 400tn/ngy

-P= 18 bars

-Thnh phn nguyn liu: Propane =26%

Butane= 74%

Thp: 22 a

Np liu a 11

p sut nh 16,5 bars

Tn tht p sut /a = 10mmbars

Ngng t han ton

p sut bnh tch 16,2 bars

Tiu chun:

0.5% C4 trong sp nh

0.5% C3 trong sn phm y

Hy xc nh:


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y

-Sa l thuyt ti thiu?-Chs hi lu ti thiu?

S cng ngh


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48 46.9

Rf=7.3

S cng ngh


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48 46.9

Rf=7.3

200

1. M phng s


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2. Tnh nhit nh, nhit y thp, lu lng nh,lu lng sn phm y.

3. Ti u v tr a tip liu theo Duty Reboiler min

4. Nhn xt :

- Nhit nh thp, cht lng sn phm nh khi Rftng hoc gim 2%

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