think ias drishti ifjp; iqflrdk - drishti ias coaching in delhi, best … · 2019. 8. 20. ·...

Think IAS

ThinkDrishti

ifjp; iqfLrdk

641, First Floor, Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-110009Contacts: 87501 87501, 011-47532596

Website : www.drishtiias.com

lkekU; vè;;u dk D;k egÙo gS\

lhlSV dks dSls le>sa\ rS;kjh dSls djsa\

eq[; ijh{kk esa fuca/k dk D;k egÙo gS\

VsLV lhjhT+k D;ksa egÙoiw.kZ gS\

lk{kkRdkj dh rS;kjh dSls djsa\

2

eq[; ijh{kk

(i)eq[;ijh{kkD;kgS\

(ii)eq[;ijh{kkdhlajpukoiz.kkyh

(iii)eq[;ijh{kkdsfy;soSdfYidfo"k;ksadhlwph

(iv)lkekU;vè;;u(eq[;ijh{kk)%ikB~;Øe

(v)eq[; ijh{kk esa lkekU; vè;;u ds ç'ui=kksa dk[kaMokj,oavadokjoxhZdj.k

(vi)eq[;ijh{kkesalkekU;vè;;udhHkwfedk

(vii)DokyhiQkbaxfo"k;

(viii)fganhekè;elstqM+hleL;k,¡

n`f"V gh D;kas\

(i)lkekU;vè;;udsizfrgekjkn`f"Vdks.k

(ii)gekjkvè;kidlewg

(iii)vè;kiuiz.kkyh

(iv)l=kdhvofèkrFkkØe

(v)ikB~;&lkexzh

(vi)lelkef;deqn~nksaijv|rutkudkjh

(vii)tk¡p&ijh{kk,¡rFkkmÙkj&ys[kuvH;kl

lkekU;r% iwNs tkus okys iz'u

fucaèk1.fucaèk%,difjp;

2.gekjkekxZn'kZudk;ZØe

VsLV lhjhT+k dk;ZØe

lk{kkRdkj

lkekU; vè;;u

lkekU; vè;;u% ,d ifjp;

çkjafHkd ijh{kk

izkjafHkd ijh{kk ds fy;s lkekU; vè;;u

(i)izkjafHkdijh{kkD;kgS\

(ii)izkjafHkdijh{kkdhlajpuk

(iii)^dV&vkWiQ*dkLrj

(iv)vk;qlhek

(v)lkekU;vè;;u(izkjafHkdijh{kk)dkikB~;Øe

(vi)fofHkUu[kaMksadkrqyukRedegÙo

(vii)rS;kjhdhmfprj.kuhfrD;kgksuhpkfg;s\

lhlSV

(i)lhlSVD;kgS\

(ii)lhlSVdhHkwfedk

(iii)lhlSVdkikB~;Øe

(iv)fofHkÂ[kaMksadkvkuqikfrdegÙo

(v)gekjkd{kkdk;ZØe

lgekjkn`f"Vdks.k lgekjkvè;kidlewg ll=kdhvofèkrFkkØe ltk¡pijh{kk,¡rFkkle;&izcaèkuvH;kl lO;fDrxrlgk;rk

fo"k; lwph

3

lkekU; vè;;u% ,d ifjp; (General Studies: An Introduction)

lkekU;vè;;u]tSlkfdukelsghLi"VgS]fdlh[kklfo"k;dkxgjkvè;;uugksdjfofHkUufo"k;ksadk,slkvè;;ugSftldsfy;sfdlhvuqlaèkku;kfo'ks"kKrkdh”k:jrughagSAla?kyksdlsokvk;ksxusflfoylsokijh{kklslacafèkrviuhvfèklwpukesalkekU;vè;;udkvFkZLi"Vdjrsgq,fy[kkgS&

¶lkekU; vè;;u eas ,sls iz'u iwNs tk,axs ftuds mÙkj ,dlqf'kf{krO;fDrfcukfdlhfo'ks"kKrkiw.kZvè;;udsnsldrkgSA;siz'ucgqrls,slsfo"k;ksaesamEehnokjdhtkudkjh;ktkx:drkdkLrjtk¡pusdsfy;siwNstk,axsftudhizklafxdrkflfoylsokvksaesadk;ZdjusdsnkSjkugksrhgSAiz'uksadsekè;elslHkhizklafxdeqíksaijmEehnokjdhewyle>ij[kusdslkFk&lkFkblckrdhHkhtk¡pdhtk,xhfdmldsiklijLijfojksèkhlkekftd&vkfFkZdy{;ksarFkkekaxksadsfo'ys"k.kdhfdruh;ksX;rkgS\¸

lpdgktk,rksla?kyksdlsokvk;ksx}kjkdhxbZ;g?kks"k.kkfliZQvkSipkfjdegÙodhgSAokLrfodrk;ggSfdlkekU;vè;;udsiz'ui=kesadbZckjiz'ubrusdfBuvkSjxgjsLrjdsgksrsgSafdmlfo"k;dsfo'ks"kKHkhmudkmÙkjughansikrsA

ikB~;Øe dh pqukSrh (Challenge of Syllabus)

lkekU;vè;;udkikB~;ØebrukfoLr`rvkSjlekos'khgSfdmlsxaHkhjrkdslkFkdelsde,dlkydkle;nsuk”k:jhgSAfganhekè;edsfo|kfFkZ;ksadsfy;srkslkekU;vè;;unksgjhpqukSrhis'kdjrkgSA,drjiQvaxzs”khdhrqyukesafganhesaekStwnikB~;&lkexzhde”kksjgksrhgSrksnwljhrjiQdqNijh{kdksadkfganhHkk"kkesalgtugksukHkhmUgsauqdlkuigq¡pkldrkgSAblfy;sfganhekè;edsfo|kfFkZ;ksadksviuhrS;kjhesavfrfjDrlkoèkkuhcjrusdh”k:jriM+rhgSA

vxjvkilpeqpvkbZ-,-,l-;kflfoylsodcuukpkgrsgSarkslkekU;vè;;udksiwjsfoLrkjvkSjxgjkbZlsi<+sfcukvkidkviuheaf”kyrdigq¡pukvklkuughagSA

*(UPSC Exam Pattern vxys i`"B ij fn;k x;k gSA)

izkjafHkd ijh{kk

izkjafHkd ijh{kk D;k gS\ (What is Preliminary Examination?)

flfoylsokijh{kk3pj.kksaesalaiUugksrhgSftldkigykpj.k^izkjafHkdijh{kk*dgykrkgSA bligyspj.kdhizÑfroLrqfu"BizdkjdhgksrhgSA

blds fy;s izfro"kZ yxHkx 9ls 10yk[k mEehnokjvkosnudjrsgSa]muesalsyxHkx4ls5yk[kijh{kkesacSBrsgSarFkkyxHkx12–13g”kkjliQygksrsgSaAblijh{kkesa fdrusmEehnokjliQygksaxs];gblvkèkkjijr;gksrkgSfdmlo"kZdqyfdruhfjfDr;k¡(Vacancies)HkjhtkuhgSaAvkerkSjijfjfDr;ksadhdqyla[;kds12–13xqukmEehnokjksadksliQy?kksf"krfd;ktkrkgSAvktdygjo"kZ800&1000dsvkl&iklfjfDr;k¡?kksf"krdhtkrhgSa]blfy;syxHkx12–13g”kkjmEehnokjksadksizkjafHkdijh{kkesaliQyrkizkIrgksrhgSAliQygksusokysbumEehnokjksadksijh{kkdsnwljspj.kvFkkZr~eq[;ijh{kkdsfy;svkeaf=krfd;ktkrkgSA

izkjafHkd ijh{kk dh lajpuk (Structure of Preliminary Examination)

izkjafHkdijh{kkesanksiz'ui=kgksrsgSaAigykiz'ui=k lkekU;vè;;u*dkgStcfdnwljsdks^flfoylsokvfHkofÙkijh{kk*(Civil Services Aptitude Test) ;k^lhlSV*dgstkusdkizpyugSvkSj;gDokyhiQkbaxisijds:iesagSAnksuksaiz'ui=k200–200vadksadsgksrsgSa]vr%ijh{kkdqy400vadksadhgksrhgSAigysiz'ui=k(lkekU;vè;;u)esa2–2vadksads100iz'ugksrsgSatcfdnwljsiz'ui=k(lhlSV)esa2.5–2.5vadksads80iz'uAnksuksaiz'ui=kksaesaizR;sdiz'udslkFk4–4fodYifn;stkrsgSaftuesalsmEehnokjdkslghmÙkjdkp;udjukgksrkgSAnksuksaiz'ui=kksaesa^udkjkRedvadu*(Negative Marking)dhO;oLFkkykxwgSftldsrgr3mÙkjxyrgksusij1lghmÙkjdscjkcjvaddkVfy;stkrsgSaAblfu;edsvarxZrlkekU;vè;;uesa,dlghmÙkjdsfy;s2vadfn;stkrsgSatcfd,dxyrmÙkjdsfy;s0.67vaddkVfy;stkrsgSaAblhrjg]lhlSVesa,dlghmÙkjdsfy;s2.5vadfn;stkrsgSatcfd,dxyrmÙkjij0.83vaddkuqdlkugksrkgSA

pw¡fdlhlSVisijDokyhiQkbaxisijds:iesagSblfy;sizkjafHkdijh{kkikldjusdsfy;sfdlhHkhmEehnokjdkslhlSVisijesafliQZ33izfr'krvad(yxHkx27iz'u;k66vad)izkIrdjusvko';dgksrsgSaAvxjogbllsdevadizkIrdjrkgSrksmlsisQyekuktkrk gSAdV&vkWiQdk fuèkkZj.k fliZQ izFke iz'ui=k ;kuh lkekU;vè;;udsvkèkkjijfd;ktkrkgSA

^dV&vkWiQ* dk Lrj (Cut-off Level)

ftrusvadksadslkFkvafremEehnokjliQygksrkgS]mlLrjdks dV&vkWiQ*dgktkrkgSAekuyhft;sfddqy12,000mEehnokjksadkp;ufd;ktkukgSAbldsfy;slHkhmEehnokjksadsdqyizkIrkadksadhlwphcukbZtk,xhrFkkmQijls12,000mEehnokjksadkspqufy;ktk,xkAbupqusx,mEehnokjksaesalsvafredsftrusizkIrkadgksaxs]mlhdks^dV&vkWiQ*dgktk,xkA

eSa ^n`f"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* dk fu;fer ikBd jgk gw¡A ;g flfoy lsok ijh{kk dh rS;kjh djus okyksa ds fy;s ,d lexz ,oa loZJs"B if=kdk

gSA vki fu¯'pr gksdj viuh rS;kjh esa bls vk/kj cuk ldrs gSaA &vfu#¼ dqekj (IAS 2017, 146oha jSad)

lkekU; vè;;u

4

izkjafHkd i

jh{kk

DokfyiQkbax i

z'ui=k

esfjV

fyLV esa 'kkfey

iz'u

i=k

eq[;

ijh{kk

lk{kkRdkj

iz'ui

=k-I

: lkekU;

vè;

;u

i

z'u : 100

v

f/dre

vad

: 200

l

e; : 2?kaVs

½

.kkRe

dv

ad :

1/3 iz'

ui=k % v

zl

fgUnh;kl

afoèkkud

h8o

havuql

wphesa

'kkfe

yd

ksbZHkk"kk

D

okfyiQkbax

: 25%

v

f/dre

vad

: 30

0

l

e; :

3 ?kaVs

iz'ui

=k -I

: fuca/

v

f/dre

vad

: 25

0

l

e; :

3 ?kaVs

iz'ui

=k-II

: lkekU;

vè;

;u&

1

zl

Hkkjrh;

fojklr

vkSjl

aLÑfr]fo'o

dk

bfrg

kl,

oaHkwxksyr

Fkklekt

v

f/dre

vad

: 25

0

l

e; :

3 ?kaVs

iz'ui

=k-II

I : lkekU;

vè;

;u&

2

zl

'kklu

O;oL

Fkk]

lafoèkku]

jktO;oL

Fkk]

lkekftdU;k;

rFkkvarjkZ"V

ªh;l

acaèk

v

f/dre

vad

: 25

0

l

e; :

3 ?kaVs

iz'ui

=k -IV

: lkekU;

vè;

;u&

3

zl

çkS|ksfx

dh]vkfFkZd

fod

kl]tSo&

fofoèkrk]

i;kZoj.k]

lqj{kkrFkkvkinkç

caèku

v

f/dre

vad

: 25

0

l

e; :

3 ?kaVs

iz'ui

=k-V

: lkekU;

vè;

;u&

4zl

uhfr'kkL=k]l

R;fu"BkvkSjv

fHko`fÙk

v

f/dre

vad

: 25

0

l

e; :

3 ?kaVs

iz'ui

=k -V

I : oSdfYid

fo"k;

zl

ç'ui

=k&1

v

f/dre

vad

: 25

0

l

e; :

3 ?kaVs

iz'ui

=k-V

II :

oSdfYid

fo"k;

zl

ç'ui

=k&2

v

f/dre

vad

: 25

0

l

e; :

3 ?kaVs

iz'ui

=k % c

zl

vaxzs”

khHkk"kk

D

okfyiQkbax

: 25%

v

f/dre

vad

: 30

0

l

e; : 3?kaVs

iz'ui

=k -II

: lhlSV

i

z'u : 80

v

f/dre

vad

: 200

l

e; : 2?kaVs

D

okfyiQkbax

(33%

)½

.kkRe

dv

ad :

1/3

zl

;gijh{kk

vH;

fFkZ;ksa

dh

lkekU;

tkudkjh]

tkx:drk]cqf¼]pfj=k]

vfHkO;

fDr

dh{ker

k]O;fDrRo

,oal

sokd

sfy;s

lkekU;m

i;qDr

rkd

ksn`f"Ve

saj[krs

gq,l

kekU;

vfHk#fpd

sfo"k;ksals

lacaf/r

gksxhA

v

f/dre

vad

: 27

5

;w-i

h-,l

-lh-

(flfo

y l

sok)

ijh{

kk izk

:i

5

lkekU;oxZdsmEehnokjksadhrqyukesavkjf{kroxks±rFkkfodykaxoxZdsmEehnokjksadsfy;sdV&vkWiQdqNdegksrkgSAo"kZ2012ls2018dhizkjafHkdijh{kkvksaesafofHkUuoxks±dsfy;s^dV&vkWiQ*blizdkjjgk&

oxZ (Category) 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

lkekU;oxZ(General/Others)

241 205 107.34 116.00 105.34 98.00

vU;fiNM+koxZ(OBC) 222 204 106.00 110.66 102.66 96.66

vuqlwfprtkfr(SC) 207 182 94.00 99.34 88.66 84.00

vuqlwfprtutkfr(ST) 201 174 91.34 96.00 88.66 83.34

fodykaxoxZ&1(PH-1) 199 167 90.66 75.34 85.34 73.34

fodykaxoxZ&2(PH-2) 184 113 76.66 72.66 61.34 53.34

fodykaxoxZ&3(PH-3) 163 115 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00

blrkfydklsLi"VgSfd^dV&vkWiQ*ges'kkfLFkjughajgrkgSAmEehnokjksadhla[;k]mudh;ksX;rkrFkkiz'ui=kksadsdfBukbZLrjdscnyusdslkFk&lkFk;ggjo"kZdqN”;knk;kdegksrkjgrkgSAè;kujgsfd2014rdnksuksaiz'ui=kksadsla;qDrvadksadsvkèkkjijijh{kkifj.kkefudkyktkrkjgkFkkAvc]pw¡fd2015lsdV&vkWiQdkfuèkkZj.kfliQZlkekU;vè;;udsvkèkkjijfd;ktkusyxkgS]blfy;sdV&vkWiQLrjesavkewypwyifjorZuvk;kgSA

è;kujgsfdvadksadh;sx.kuk,¡udkjkRedvadulsgq,uqdlkudks?kVkusdsckndhvFkkZr~'kq¼izkIrkadksadhgSaAbldkvFkZgSfdizR;sd3xyrmÙkjksadscnys1lghmÙkjdedjdsviusizkIrkadksadhx.kukdjuhpkfg;sA

vk;q lhek (Age Limit)

oxZ (Category) vk;q lhek (Age Limit)

lkekU;oxZ(General/Others) 21ls32o"kZ

vU;fiNM+koxZ(OBC) 21ls35o"kZ

vuqlwfprtkfr(SC) 21ls37o"kZ

vuqlwfprtutkfr(ST) 21ls37o"kZ

zl vk;qdhx.kukijh{kkdso"kZds1vxLrlsdhtk,xhA

zl tksvH;FkhZ1tuojh]1980ls31fnlacj]1989dschptEewd'ehjesafuokljrFksmUgsavk;qesavfèkdre5o"kZdhNwVfeysxhA

lkekU; vè;;u (izkjafHkd ijh{kk) dk ikB~;Øe [(Syllabus of General Studies (Preliminary Test)]

izkjafHkdijh{kkdsiz'ui=k1dklacaèklkekU;vè;;ulsgSAbldkikB~;ØefuEufyf[krgS& 1-jk"Vªh;vkSjvarjkZ"Vªh;egÙodhlkef;d?kVuk,¡ (Current

events of national and international importance)A 2.Hkkjrdk bfrgklvkSj Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh;vkanksyu (History of

India and Indian National Movement)A

3.Hkkjr,oafo'odkHkwxksy%Hkkjr,oafo'odkizkÑfrd]lkekftd]vkfFkZd Hkwxksy (Indian and World Geography - Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India and the World)A

4.Hkkjrh;jkT;ra=kvkSj'kklu&lafoèkku]jktuhfrdiz.kkyh]iapk;rhjkt]yksduhfr]vfèkdkjksalacaèkheqísbR;kfn(Indian Polity and Governance - Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues etc)A

5.vkfFkZdvkSjlkekftdfodkl&lrr~fodkl]xjhch]lekos'ku]tulkaf[;dh]lkekftd{ks=kesadhxbZigyvkfn(Economic and Social Development, Sustainable Development-Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector initiatives etc)A

6.i;kZoj.kh; ikfjfLFkfrdh]tSo&fofoèkrkvkSjtyok;q ifjorZulacaèkhlkekU;eqíss]ftudsfy;sfo"k;xrfo'ks"kKrkvko';dughagS(General issues on Environmental Ecology, Bio-diversity & Climate Change - that do not require subject specialization)A

7.lkekU;foKku(General Science)A

çkjafHkd ijh{kk esa lkekU; vè;;u ds fofHkUu [kaMksa dk rqyukRed egÙo (Relative importance of General Studies different Segments in Preliminary Examination)

lkekU;vè;;udsiz'uikB~;Øeesa'kkfeyfofHkUu[kaMksa@fo"k;ksalsfdlvuqikresaiwNstk,axs];gfuf'prughagSAvkerkSjijbfrgkl]jktO;oLFkk] ikfjfLFkfrdh o i;kZoj.k] vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj Hkwxksy ls”;knkiz'uiwNstkrsgSa]ysfdu2016esablesavkewypwyifjorZuns[kkx;kAifjorZudh;gçofÙk2018esaHkhfo|ekujghAblrjg]iz'uksadsvuqikrdhizofÙkfcYdqyghvfuf'prgSAuhpsnhxbZrkfydkesavkins[kldrsgSafd2012ls2018rdfofHkUu[kaMksalsiwNstkusokysiz'uksadkvuqikrD;kjgkgS&

fo"k; 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

HkkjrdkbfrgklvkSjLokèkhurkvkanksyu

20 16 19 16 16 13 22

Hkkjrh;lafoèkkuojktO;oLFkk

21 17 10 13 6 22 13

HkkjrvkSjfo'odkHkwxksy 17 18 20 18 3 8 9

ikfjfLFkfrdh]i;kZoj.kvkSjtSo&fofoèkrk

14 14 20 12 16 17 10

HkkjrdhvFkZO;oLFkk]vkfFkZdvkSjlkekftdfodkl

14 18 11 16 15 29 22

lkekU;foKku,oaçkS|ksfxdh

10 16 12 9 7 3 14

jk"Vªh;vkSjoSf'odegÙodhledkyhu?kVuk,¡@fofoèk

04 01 08 16 37 8 10

dqy 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

eSa ^n`f"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* dk fu;fer ikBd jgk gw¡A mEehnokjksa dks esjk lq>ko ;g gS fd fiNys dqN eghuksa dh eSx”khu ,d lkFk j[kdj

lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj jktuhfrd fo"k;ksa dks vyx&vyx i<+rs gq, uksV~l viMsV djus pkfg;saA blh çdkj] laHkkfor ç'u&mÙkj vkSj Vw n ikWbaV

tSls [kaMksa dks vyx ls Hkh lax`ghr djsaxs rks eq[; ijh{kk esa fo'ks"k enn feysxhA&vjfoUn çrki flag (IAS 2017, 161oha jSad)

6

rS;kjh dh mfpr j.kuhfr D;k gksuh pkfg;s\ (What should be the appropriate strategy for the preparation?)

rS;kjhdhj.kuhfrlHkhdsfy;s,dtSlhughagksldrhD;ksafdfdlhdhi`"BHkwfedqNgSrksfdlhdhdqNvkSjAmnkgj.kdsfy;s]vxjfdlhmEehnokjusbfrgkl]HkwxksyvkSjvFkZ'kkL=kfo"k;ksadslkFkLukrdLrjdhi<+kbZdhgSfdarqmlsfoKkui<+usesaleL;kgksrhgSrksmldhj.kuhfrbUgharF;ksadsvkyksdesacusxhAbldsfoijhr]dqNmEehnokj,slsHkhgksaxstksbathfu;j;kMkWDVjgksusdsdkj.kfoKkuesavR;arlgtgSafdarqmudkeubfrgkldhiqLrddksns[kusdkHkhughagksrkALokHkkfodghgSfdbudhj.kuhfrvyxrjhdslscusxhA

eksVsrkSjij]j.kuhfrdslacaèkesadqNlq>ko;sgksldrsgSa&zl mEehnokjdkslHkh[kaMksaijcjkcjcynsusdhctk;dqNpqusgq,[kaMksaijvfèkdcynsukpkfg;sAmlsdelsdebrus[kaMpquysuspkfg;saftulslfEefyr:ils80–85iz'uvkusdhizo`fÙkfn[kkbZiM+rhgksrkfdogxaHkhjrS;kjhlsyxHkx65–70iz'uBhddjldsA'ks"k,dkèk[kaMdksNksM+nsukvPNhckrrksughagS]ysfduizkjafHkdijh{kku”knhdgksusijvkikr~;kstukds:iesablsBhdekuktkldrkgSA

mnkgj.kdsfy;s]vxjvkifoKkudhi`"BHkwfelsughagSarkscpsgq,le;esavkifoKkulh[kusdhctk;ckdh[kaMksaijegkjr gkfly djus dh dksf'k'k djsaA ;fn vki foKku ds16–17iz'uksadksNksM+Hkhnsaxsrks'ks"k[kaMksaesaiwjhrkdr>ksaddj'ks"k83–84iz'uksaesals60–70dklghtokcnsusdhdksf'k'kdjldrsgSatksfdijh{kkesamÙkh.kZgksusdsfy;sdkiQhgSaA

;gckriqu%nksgjkuk”k:jhgSfd;gj.kuhfrle;dhdehgksusijghviukbZtkuhpkfg;sAvxjvkidsiklrS;kjhdsfy;si;kZIrle;gS(1o"kZ;kvfèkd)rkslHkh[k.MksaesaxaHkhjvè;;udjukghvPNkgksxkAzl vxjvkixkSjlsiqjkusiz'u&i=kksadksns[ksarksik,axsfdlHkh[kaMksadsHkhrjdqNfo'ks"kmi&[kaMksalsizk;%”;knkiz'uiwNstkrsgSaAcsgrjgksxkfdvkimuijvfèkdle;nsaA

mnkgj.kdsfy;s]bfrgkl[kaMdsvarxZrnks{ks=kksalscgqr”;knkiz'uiwNstkusdhizo`fÙkfn[krhgS&,drksLora=krkvkanksyuls]vkSjnwljsdykolaLÑfrlsAvxjvkibunks[kaMksadksBhdlsi<+ysarksbfrgkldsyxHkx85–90%iz'ufeytkuspkfg;saAdyklaLÑfrdsvarxZrizkphuHkkjrijfo'ks"kè;kunsukpkfg;sAeè;dkyhuHkkjrlsrksizk;%,dkèkiz'ughiwNktkrkgS]vr%mlsNksM+HkhnsarksdksbZfo'ks"k[krjkughagSA

blhrjg]foKkuesatho&foKkulslcls”;knkiz'uiwNstkrsgSatksfoKkudsiz'uksaesayxHkx50–60%rdjgrsgSaAHkkSfrdhlsizk;%3–4lokyiwNstkrsgSatcfdjlk;u&foKkulsceqf'dy1–2lokyAvktdyvf/dka'kiz'ufoKkudhubZrduhdksalsiwNstkjgsgSatkslkekU;r%eq[;ijh{kkesaiwNstkrsjgsgSaAvr%bu[kaMksaijHkhè;kunsusdh”k:jrgSA

Hkwxksyesans[ksarks2013rdHkkjrdsHkwxksylsnks&frgkbZiz'uiwNstkrsFkstcfdfo'odsHkwxksylsyxHkx,d&frgkbZiz'uA2014dscknlsnksuksa[kaMksadkewY;yxHkxcjkcjgksx;kgSAgkyk¡fd2016 vkSj2018esabl[kaMlscgqrdeiz'uiwNsx,]ysfdublvk/kjijblsu”kjvank”kdjukcgqrcM+hHkwygksxhAcsgrjgksxkfdnksuksa[kaMksadksyxHkxcjkcjek=kkesarS;kjdjfy;ktk,Azl è;kunsus;ksX;,dvU;ckr;ggSfdmEehnokjdks”;knkesgur mu [kaMksa ds fy;s djuh pkfg;s tks eq[; ijh{kk dsikB~;ØeesaHkh'kkfeygSaAbllsijh{kkdsvkxkehrFkkokLrfodpj.kksaesaliQyrkdhlaHkkoukc<+tkrhgSAmnkgj.kdsfy;s]bfrgkl[kaMdksns[ksarksvkèkqfudHkkjrdkbfrgkleq[;ijh{kkdsikB~;ØeesaHkh'kkfeygStcfdizkphuvkSjeè;dkyhuHkkjrdkbfrgklughaAvr%izkjafHkdijh{kkesavkèkqfudHkkjrdkbfrgklfoLrkjiwoZdi<+usijeq[;ijh{kkesaHkhcsgrjifj.kkedhlaHkkoukc<+tkrhgSAzl blckrijHkhè;kunsafdlkekU;vè;;udsikB~;Øedstks[kaMfliZQeq[;ijh{kkesaiwNstkrsgSa]mUgsaizkjafHkdijh{kkdsfy;s'ks"kcpsnks&<kbZeghuksaesaui<+ktk,Abu[kaMksaesavarjkZ"Vªh;lacaèk]lkekftdU;k;]vkarfjdlqj{kk]fo'obfrgklrFkk,fFkDlvkfn'kkfeygSaAzl ;gekudjpyukpkfg;sfdvH;FkhZpkgsftruhHkhrS;kjhdjys]gj[kaMesadqNudqN,slsiz'u”k:jgksaxstksmldhtkudkjhdhifjfèklsckgjdsgksaxsAvkiftlHkh[kaMdhrS;kjhxaHkhjrklsdjsa]y{;;gjf[k;sfdmlds70–80»iz'uvkilsgkstk,¡Avxjvki100»iz'uksadsisQjesaiM+saxsrks,dgh[kaMdhrS;kjhesavuqRikndrjhdslscgqrle;u"VdjnsaxsAzl lkekU;vè;;udhrS;kjhesa;gè;kuj[kukHkh”k:jhgSfdblesalHkh[kaMksadsiz'udkiQhxgjsLrjdsgksrsgSavkSjosfo"k;dhlw{ele>dhekaxdjrsgSaAvkerkSjijgjiz'uesadqNrF;;kdFkunsdjmudsla;kstulstfVyfodYicuk,tkrsgSarkfdLFkwyle>okysmEehnokjliQyugksldsaAmnkgj.kdsfy;s]vfèkdka'kiz'uksaesavkjaHkesa3–4dFku;krF;fn;stkrsgSaftuesalsdqNlghgksrsgSavkSjdqNxyrAizk;%,slkgksrkgSfdmEehnokjmuesalsdqNrF;ksalsifjfprgksrkgSvkSjdqNlsughaAmldsckn]murF;ksadksvkilesatksM+djmEehnokjdks4tfVyfodYifn;stkrsgSa]tSls(i)dFku1]3rFkk4BhdgSavkSjdFku2xyr](ii)dFku1]2rFkk4BhdgSavkSjdFku3xyrAmEehnokjdks,slstfVyfodYiksaesals,dlghfodYipquukgksrkgSAblesaiz'udsxyrgksusdk[krjkrksgksrkghgS]lkFkghdfBufodYiksadsdkj.kiz'uksadksgydjusesa”;knkle;HkhyxrkgSvkSjvaresale;&izcaèku[kqn,dpqukSrhcutkrkgSA

eSaus oSdfYid fo"k; fganh lkfgR; rFkk lk{kkRdkj ds fy;s ^n`f"V laLFkku* ls ekxZn'kZu fy;kA ;g fodkl lj ds ekxZn'kZu dk gh ifj.kke gS

fd vaxzs”kh i`"BHkwfe gksus ds ckn Hkh eq>s fganh lkfgR; dh rS;kjh esa dksbZ fnDdr ugha gqbZA blh dkj.k fganh lkfgR; ds lkFk eq>s igyh gh

eq[; ijh{kk esa liQyrk feyhA &lksuy (IAS 2017, 451oha jSad)

7

blpqukSrhlsfuiVusdkrjhdk;ggSfdisijesalclsigysoghiz'ufd;stk,¡tksvH;FkhZdhtkudkjhds{ks=klsgSavkSjmUgsai;kZIrle;fn;ktk,Achp&chpesatksiz'uughavkrsgSa;kftuijxgjkvè;;uughagS]mUgsafu'kkuyxkdjNksM+nsukpkfg;svkSjvxjvaresale;cpsrksmudkmÙkjnsusdhdksf'k'kdjuhpkfg;s]ugharksmUgsaNksM+nsusesaghHkykbZgSA

lhlSV (CSAT)lhlSV D;k gS\ (What is CSAT?)

izkjafHkdijh{kkdsiz'ui=k&2dks^lhlSV*(CSAT);k^flfoylsokvfHko`fÙkijh{kk*(Civil Services Aptitude Test)dgktkrkgSftls2011lsijh{kkiz.kkyhesa'kkfeyfd;kx;kgSAnjvly]^lhlSV*dhladYiukigyhckjokbZ-ds-vy?klfefrdhfjiksVZesa2001esaizLrkfordhxbZFkhAflfoylsokijh{kkesalqèkkjksaijfopkjdjusdsfy;sxfBrdhxbZbllfefruslq>kofn;kFkkfdizkjafHkdijh{kkesaoSdfYidfo"k;dslkFk^lhlSV*dhijh{kkgksuhpkfg;srFkklkekU;vè;;udksfliZQeq[;ijh{kkrdlhferj[kktkukpkfg;sA2011esala?kyksdlsokvk;ksxusbllq>kodksdqNcnyrsgq,oSdfYidfo"k;dksgVkfn;krFkklkekU;vè;;udslkFk^lhlSV*dhijh{kkdksizLrkforfd;kA

lhlSVdkiQhgnrdfdlhHkhvU;vfHko`fÙkijh{kk(Aptitude Test),tSlsdSV(CAT),eSV(MAT), theSV(GMAT)dslekugSvkSj;gHkhbuijh{kkvksadhrjgmEehnokjdhckSf¼d{kerk(IQ-Intelligence Quotient)dhtk¡pdjrkgS_ijpw¡fdgj{ks=kesackSf¼d{kerkvksasadsvyx&vyxleqPp;;kla;kstudh”k:jrgksrhgS]blfy;slhlSVesaiz'uksadhizÑfrrFkkvuqikrflfoylsokvksa;kiz'kkludhvko';drkvksadsvkèkkjijfuèkkZfjrfd;kx;kgSAmnkgj.kdsrkSjij]blesa'kkfeyxf.krvkSjvaxsz”khdsiz'udSV(CAT)tSlhijh{kkvksadsLrjlsdkiQhvklkugksrsgSaD;ksafdiz'kklupykusdhizfØ;kesaizk;%mlLrjijxf.krovaxzs”khdhvko';drkughaiM+rhAblhrjg]blesaiz'kkludhleL;kvksa ls tqM+s fu.kZ;u oleL;k lekèkku (Decision Making & Problem Solving)dsdqNiz'ugksrsgSatksizcaèku(Management)dhleL;kvksalsvyxizd`frdsgksrsgSaA

dqyfeykdj]^lhlSV*ckSf¼d;ksX;rk(Intelligence Quotient)dh,dijh{kkgStksfo'ks"krkSjijflfoylsokvksadsfy;svko';dckSf¼d{kerkvksadkijh{k.kdjusdsmís';lsizLrkfordhxbZgSA

lhlSV dh Hkwfedk (Role of CSAT)

tSlk fd vkidks irk gS fd çkjafHkd ijh{kk esa lhlSV ç'ui=kDokyhiQkbaxisijds:iesagSAfdlhHkhvH;FkhZdksçkjafHkdijh{kkikldjusdsfy;slhlSVç'ui=kesa33»vadçkIrdjusvko';dgksrsgSaAfofnrgSfdçkjafHkdijh{kkesalhlSVç'ui=kesa80ç'uiwNstkrsgSaftlesaçR;sdç'udsfy;s2.5vadfuèkkZfjrgksrsgSavkSjblrjglhlSVç'ui=kdqy200vadksadkgksrkgSAfdlhHkhvH;FkhZdkslhlSVç'ui=kds200vadksa esals66vadçkIrdjusvfuok;Z gksrs gSa ;kuhmlsudkjkRedvadu(Negative Marking)dsfy;sdkVsx,vadksadsckn

66vadçkIrdjusgksrsgSaAbldsfy;smlslhlSVç'ui=kesaiwNstkusokys80ç'uksaesalsyxHkx27ç'u(udkjkRedvadu}kjkdkVsx,ç'uksadsckn)lghdjusgksrsgSaA

;fndksbZvH;FkhZlhlSVç'ui=kesa33»vadçkIrughadjikrkgSrksmlsiQsyekuktk,xkfiQjpkgsmlusçFkeç'ui=kesafdrukHkhvPNkçn'kZuD;ksaufd;kgksA

lhlSV dk ikB~;Øe (Syllabus of CSAT)

Ø-la- [kaM

1. cksèkxE;rk(Comprehension)2. lapkjdkS'kylfgrvarj&oS;fDrddkS'ky

(Interpersonal skills including communication skills)3. rkfdZddkS'ky,oafo'ys"k.kkRed{kerk

(Logical reasoning and analytical ability)4. fu.kZ;ysukvkSjleL;klekèkkuA

(Decision-making and problem-solving)5. lkekU;ekufld;ksX;rk(General mental ability)6. vkèkkjHkwrla[;;u(la[;k,¡vkSjmudslacaèk]foLrkj&Øevkfn)

(nlohad{kkdkLrj)_vk¡dM+ksadkfuoZpu(pkVZ]xzkiQ]rkfydk]vk¡dM+ksadhi;kZIrrkvkfn&nlohad{kkdkLrj)[Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level), Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency etc. (Class X level)]

fofHkUu [kaMksa dk vkuqikfrd egÙo (Proportional importance of different segments)

^lhlSV*(CSAT)esaikB~;Øeeasof.kZrfofHkUu[kaMksalscjkcjiz'uughaiwNstkrsAbldsiz'uksadhizÑfrHkh'ks"kizfr;ksxhijh{kkvksalsdkiQhvyxgksrhgSAbldslacaèkesafuEufyf[kr¯cnqvksadksjs[kkafdrfd;ktkldrkgS&

1.^lhlSV*esalcls”;knkiz'u cksèkxE;rk*(Comprehension)lsiwNstkusdhizo`fÙkgSAdqy80iz'uksaesalsbl[kaMdsiz'uksadhla[;kizk;%30–35rdgksrhgSAvkerkSjijyxHkx100–150'kCnksaokysvuqPNsnksals1iz'uvkSj150–200'kCnksaokysvuqPNsnksals2iz'uiwNstkrsgSaAnks?kaVksadhijh{kk&vofèkesamEehnokjdksdqy25–30vuqPNsni<+usgksrsgSatksfd,dtfVyvkSjFkdkmQdkegSA

è;kuj[ksafdvuqPNsnnksuksaHkk"kkvksaesafn;stkrsgSa]buesavkerkSjijHkk"kktfVygksrhgSvkSjiz'uksadklVhdmÙkj[kkstusesaxyrhgksusdhizcylaHkkoukjgrhgSAbuvuqPNsnksadkewyikBvaxzs”khesarFkkmldkvuqoknfganhesgksusdsdkj.kfganh&Hkk"khmEehnokjksadks;gleL;k Hkh >syuh iM+rh gS fddgha vuqokn esa dksbZ xyrh ;kvFkZ&fHkUurkugksA

2.egÙodhn`f"VlsnwljsØeij rdZ'kfDr*(Reasoning)(ikB~;Øeds[kaM3rFkk5)dksj[kktkldrkgSAbldsiz'uizk;%cSad;kvU;ijh{kkvksadhrjg^iQkWewZyk*vkèkkfjrugksdjdqN[kklisapfy;s

eSa viuh liQyrk ds fy;s MkW- fodkl fnO;dhfrZ lj dk rgsfny ls 'kqØxq”kkj gw¡A muds O;fDrxr ekxZn'kZu ds dkj.k eSa fucaèk] ,fFkDl rFkk

baVjO;w esa csgrj izn'kZu dj ik;kA eSa ^n`f"V laLFkku* ds Dykl rFkk fizaVsM uksV~l rFkk ^n`f"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* if=kdk dk ikBd jgk gw¡ vkSj

bUgksaus esjs Kku vkSj le> dks c<+kus esa cgqr enn dhA &fodkl eh.kk (IAS 2017, 568oha jSad)

8

gq,gksrsgSavkSjmEehnokjlsrhozfnekxhizfrfØ;kdhmEehndjrsgSaAvkerkSjijfo'ys"k.kkRedrdZ'kfDr(Analytical Reasoning)ls”;knkiz'uiwNstkrsgSa]tSls&iwoZekU;rkvksa(Assumptions)dksigpkuuk]dFkuksalsfu"d"kZfudkyukbR;kfnAxSj&Hkkf"kdrdZ'kfDr(Non-verbal Reasoning)lsvfèkdiz'uiwNstkusdhizo`fÙkughagSAtgk¡rdrS;kjhdklokygS]blhijh{kkrFkkvU;ijh{kkvksadsiqjkusiz'ui=kksadsfujarjvH;kllsrdZ'kfDrdh{kerkc<+kbZtkldrhgSA

3.rhljsLFkkuij xf.kr*;k vkèkkjHkwrla[;;u*(Basic Numeracy)rFkk^vk¡dM+ksadhO;k[;krFkki;kZIrrk*(Data interpretation & Data sufficiency)ds[kaMksa(ikB~;Øeds[kaM6)dksj[kktkldrkgSAbldsvarxZrxf.krds10ohad{kkdsLrjrddsiz'uiwNstkrsgSaA”;knkvuqikrvadxf.krdsO;kogkfjdiz'uksadkgksrkgS]gkyk¡fdlhfer:ilsjs[kkxf.krdsiz'uHkhiwNstkrsgSaA vk¡dM+ksadh O;k[;k* (Data Interpretation)dsvarxZr fofHkUuizdkjdsjs[kkfp=kksa]lkjf.k;ksa;kvU;vkjs[kksadsvkèkkjijfu"d"kZfudkyuslslacafèkriz'uiwNstkrsgSaAbl[kaMlsvkusokysiz'uksadhla[;kdHkhvfèkdgkstkrhgSvkSjdHkhdeA2011vkSj2013esa;gla[;kvfèkdjghgStcfd2012esacgqrdeAfuf'prrkSjij;gughacrk;ktkldrkfdbl[kaMlsfdrusiz'uiwNstk,axs\;g”k:jgSfdiz'u,slsiwNstkrsgSatksfliZQiQkWeZwyslsgksusdhctk;ekufldlkoèkkuhdhvis{kkj[krsgksaA

4.bldsckn] fu.kZ;u*(Decision Making)rFkk varoSZ;fDrddkS'ky*(Interpersonal Skills)ds[kaMksa(ikB~;Øeds[kaM4rFkk2)dksj[kktkldrkgSAbu[kaMksalsdqyfeykdj6–8iz'uksadhlaHkkoukjgrhgSA[kklckr;ggSfdbuiz'uksaesaudkjkRedvadu(Negative marking) dhO;oLFkkykxwughagksrhvFkkZr~pkjksaesalsdksbZHkhfodYipquusijmEehnokjdsvaddkVsughatkrsAlkFkgh]buesa^HksnkRedvadu* (Differential Marking)dh O;oLFkkykxw gSAbldkvFkZgSfdbuesa,dghmÙkjdksBhdekuusdhckè;rkughagksrhcfYd,dlsvfèkdmÙkjksadksHkh^”;knkBhd*vkSj^deBhd*ekuktkldrkgSAgksldrkgSfd^T+;knkBhd*mÙkjdsfy;s2.5vad fn;stk,¡tcfd^deBhd*mÙkjds fy;s1.5vadAudkjkRed vadu u gksus rFkk ^HksnkRed vadu* (Differential Marking)gksusdsdkj.kijh{kkesabl[kaMdsiz'uksadksfcYdqyughaNksM+ukpkfg;sA[kqndksiz'kklfudvfèkdkjhle>rsgq,lkekU;cqf¼(Common Sense)lsbudkmÙkjfn;ktk,rksbudsBhdgkstkusdhlaHkkoukcurhgS]ijcsgrjgSfd,slsiz'uksadkleqfprvH;klHkhdjfy;ktk,A

uhps nh xbZ rkfydk esa bl ckr dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS fd fiNys 7 o"kks± esa lhlSV ds fofHkUu [kaMksaa ls fdrus&fdrus iz'u iwNs x, gSaA bls ns[kdj vki vuqeku dj ldrs gSa fd fdu [kaMksa ij vkidks ”;knk è;ku nsuk pkfg;sA

2012&2018 rd lhlSV esa fofHkUu [kaMksa ls iwNs x, iz'uksa dh la[;k

ikB~;Øe dk [kaM 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

cksèkxE;rk(f}Hkkf"kd) 32 24 26 30 27 30 26

vaxzs”khcksèkxE;rk 8 8 6* 0 0 0 0

vkèkkjHkwr la[;;[email protected]

3 9 16 20 28 24 17

vk¡dM+ksadhO;k[;k@i;kZIrrk

0 5 5 0 0 0 12

rdZ'kfDr@fo'ys"k.kkRed;ksX;rk

30 28 27 30 25 26 25

fu.kZ;u]varoSZ;fDrddkS'ky

7 6 0 0 0 0 0

dqy 80 80 80* 80 80 80 80

* 2014esavaxzs”khcksèkxE;rklslacaf/riz'uksadhx.kukughadhxbZFkhvFkkZr~dVvkWiQvaddsfy;sdsoy74iz'uksadkghewY;kadufd;kx;kFkkA2015lsvaxzs”khcksèkxE;rkdsç'uksadksghgVkfn;kx;kgSA

gekjk d{kk dk;ZØe (Our Class Programme)

lkekU;vè;;udhrjggh^lhlSV*ds{ks=kesaHkh^n`f"V*,dvxz.khlaLFkkugSAgekjsd{kkdk;ZØedhfuEufyf[krfo'ks"krk,¡gSa&

gekjk n`f"Vdks.k (Our Approach)

fganhekè;edscgqrlsmEehnokj,slhlkekftd&vkfFkZdi`"BHkwfelsvkrsgSaftlesamUgsa^lhlSV*esa'kkfeyfo"k;ksaijxgjhidM+cukusdkekSdkdHkhughafeykgksrkAvaxzs”khvkSjxf.kresa;gleL;kfo'ks"krkSjijfn[kkbZnsrhgSD;ksafdbufo"k;ksadsvPNsoizfrc¼vè;kidizk;%deghfo|k£Fk;ksadksviuhvkjafHkdi<+kbZdsnkSjkufeyikrsgSaAblleL;kdksle>rsgq,geviuhd{kkvksadksfcYdqycqfu;knhLrjls'kq:djrsgSavkSjgjVkWfidlstqM+siz'uksadk”;knkls”;knkvH;kldjkrsgSarkfdgekjsfo|kFkhZijh{kkrdigq¡puslsigysmlvHkkolsckgjvktk,¡rFkkvaxzs”khekè;edsmEehnokjksalsufiNM+saA;ghdkj.kgS fdtgk¡vU;laLFkk,¡lhlSVdkdk;ZØeyxHkx70–80d{kkvksa(yxHkx3eghus)esaiwjkdjnsrhgSa]oghagekjklhlSVdk;ZØeyxHkx100d{kkvksadkgksrkgSrFkkyxHkx4eghusesaiwjkgksrkgSAvaxsz”khvkSjxf.kresafo'ks"krkSjijvkèkkjHkwrd{kkvksadkvk;kstufd;ktkrkgSrkfdde”kksji`"BHkwfedsfo|kFkhZHkhikB~;Øedsizfrlgtgkstk,¡A

gekjk vè;kid lewg (Our Faculty Members)

^n`f"V*dsikllclscM+hiwathJs"Bvè;kidksadhgSAgeusvè;kidksadsp;udhizfØ;kcsgndfBuj[khgSftlesadbZpj.kksadksiwjkdjusdscknrFkkfo|kfFkZ;ksads^iQhMcSd*dsvkèkkjijghvè;kidksadhfu;qfDroLFkkf;Rodkfu.kZ;gksrkgSAblp;uizfØ;kdsvkèkkjijgekjs;gk¡ ^lhlSV*dsizR;sd[kaMds fy;s fo'ks"kKvè;kidfu;qDrfd;sx,gSatksviuhlw{ele>]O;kidtkudkfj;ksarFkkjkspdizLrqrhdj.kdsfy;sfo|kfFkZ;ksaesavR;aryksdfiz;gSaA

eSaus n`f"V dksfpax laLFkku ls fganh lkfgR;] fucaèk] lkekU; vè;;u esa fu;fer ekxZn'kZu fy;k rFkk esjh liQyrk esa n`f"V laLFkku dh egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk jghA eSa ^n`f"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* dk fu;fer ikBd jgk gw¡A mEehnokjksa dks esjh lykg fd bl if=kdk esa mudks vo'; ykHk gksxk D;kasfd blesa ;kstuk] dq#{ks=k] fganw isij] fucaèk vkfn dks Hkh csgrj rjhds ls doj fd;k tkrk gSA bldh i;kZoj.k [kaM] laLÑfrd [kaM] varjkZ"Vªh; lacaèk lacaèkh lkexzh dkiQh csgrj gSA &fcØe xaxokj (IAS 2017, 694oha jSad)

9

eq[; ijh{kk dh lajpuk o iz.kkyh (Structure & System of Main Examination)

eq[;ijh{kkoqQy1750vadksadhgksrhgS ftlesa1000vadlkekU;vè;;udsfy;s(250–250vadksads4iz'ui=k)]500 vad,doSdfYidfo"k;dsfy;s(250–250vadksads2iz'ui=k)rFkk250vadfucaèkdsfy;sfuèkkZfjrgSaAbldsvykok]300-300vadksadsnksiz'ui=k[vaxzs”khrFkkHkkjrh;Hkk"kk(fganh;kdksbZvU;Hkk"kk)]gksrsgSatksDokyhiQkbaxizÑfrdsgSaAHkkjrh;Hkk"kkesaU;wurevgZrkvad25% (75)rFkkvaxsz”khesaHkhU;wurevgZrkvad25% (75)fuèkkZfjrfd;sx,gSaA

eq[; ijh{kk dh orZeku iz.kkyh bl izdkj gS&

iz'ui=k&1 fucaèk 250 vad

iz'ui=k&2 lkekU;vè;;u&1%(Hkkjrh;fojklrvkSjlaLÑfr]fo'odkbfrgkl,oaHkwxksyrFkklekt)

250 vad

iz'ui=k&3 lkekU;vè;;u&2%('kkluO;oLFkk]lafoèkku]jktO;oLFkk]lkekftdU;k;rFkkvarjkZ"Vªh;lacaèk)

250 vad

iz'ui=k&4 lkekU; vè;;u&3% (izkS|ksfxdh]vk£Fkd fodkl] tSo&fofoèkrk]i;kZoj.k]lqj{kkrFkkvkink&izcaèku)

250 vad

iz'ui=k&5 lkekU; vè;;u&4% (uhfr'kkL=k]lR;fu"BkvkSjvfHko`fÙk)

250 vad

iz'ui=k&6 oSdfYidfo"k;&iz'ui=k&1 250 vad

iz'ui=k&7 oSdfYidfo"k;&iz'ui=k&2 250 vad

DokfyiQkbax&1 vaxzs”kh 300 vad··

DokfyiQkbax&2 fganh;klafoèkkudh8ohavuqlwphesa'kkfeydksbZHkk"kk

300 vad··

oqQy vad (Total Marks) 1750 vad

··è;kunsafdnksuksaDokfyiQkbaxiz'ui=kksadsvad;ksX;rkfuèkkZj.kdsfy;sughatksM+stkrsgSaA

uksV%eq[; ijh{kk ds iz'ui=k vaxzs”kh vkSj fganh nksuksa Hkk"kkvksa esa lkFk&lkFk izdkf'kr fd;s tkrs gSa] ij mEehnokjksa dks lafoèkku dh vkBoha vuqlwph esa 'kkfey 22 Hkk"kkvksa esa ls fdlh esa Hkh mÙkj nsus dh NwV gksrh gSA os flfoy lsok ijh{kk ds iQkWeZ esa eq[; ijh{kk gsrq ftl Hkk"kk dks vius ekè;e ds rkSj ij vafdr djrs gSa] mUgsa eq[; ijh{kk ds lHkh iz'ui=kksa ds mÙkj mlh Hkk"kk esa fy[kus gksrs gSaA dsoy lkfgR; ds fo"k;ksa esa ;g NwV gS fd mEehnokj mlh Hkk"kk dh fyfi esa mÙkj fy[krk gS] pkgs mldk ekè;e og Hkk"kk u gksA mnkgj.k ds fy;s] vaxsz”kh ekè;e dk mEehnokj vxj oSdfYid fo"k; ds :i esa fganh lkfgR; dk p;u djrk gS rks mlds mÙkj og nsoukxjh fyfi esa fy[ksxkA 'ks"k ekeyksa esa] bldh vuqefr ugha gS fd mEehnokj vyx&vyx iz'ui=kksa ds mÙkj vyx&vyx Hkk"kkvksa esa ns (gkyk¡fd oqQN jkT;ksa ds yksd lsok vk;ksxksa us ,slh vuqefr nh gqbZ gS)A

l=k dh vofèk rFkk Øe (Duration and Order of Batches)

n`f"Vdk^lhlSV*(CSAT)dkl=kyxHkx100d{kkvksadkgksrkgSAizR;sdd{kkyxHkx2?kaVsdhgksrhgSAiwjkl=kyxHkx4ekgrdpyrkgSAd{kkvksadkvk;kstulIrkgesa6fnufd;ktkrkgSAvkerkSjijjfookjdksvodk'kjgrkgSij;gvfuok;ZughagSAvxjfdlhcSpesaikB~;ØefuèkkZfjr;kstuklsihNsjgtkrkgSrksvisf{krxfrdkscuk,j[kusdsfy;sjfookjdksfof'k"Vd{kkvksadkvk;kstufd;ktkldrkgSAbldsvykok]jk"Vªh;vodk'kksa(26tuojh]15vxLr]2vDrwcj)rFkkizeq[kR;kSgkjksaijHkhvodk'kjgrkgSA

tk¡p ijh{kk,¡ rFkk le;&izcaèku vH;kl (Tests and Time Management Practice)

laLFkkdhdksf'k'kjgrhgS fdizR;sdl=kesayxHkx10tk¡p&ijh{kk,¡vk;ksftrgksrh jgsa rkfd fo|kfFkZ;ksadksviuhizxfrdk Lrjle>usvkSjlqèkkjusdsi;kZIrvoljfeyldsaAlHkhtk¡p&ijh{kkvksaesavks-,e-vkj-'khVdkiz;ksxfd;ktkrkgSvkSjfuèkkZfjrle;&lhekdkxaHkhjrklsikyufd;ktkrkgSrkfdfo|kfFkZ;ksadksokLrfodijh{kkdkiwokZH;klHkhgksrkjgsAcknesa],dmUurlkWÝVos;jdhennlslHkhizfrHkkfx;ksadsizkIrkadksarFkkLFkkuksa(Ranks)dkfuèkkZj.kfd;ktkrkgSvkSjizR;sdizfrHkkxhdsifj.kkelslacafèkrlwpuk^VSDLVeSlst*ds:iesamldsiathÑreksckbyuacjijHkstnhtkrhgSA

O;fDrxr lgk;rk (Personal Assistance)

^lhlSV*(CSAT)dsikB~;ØedhizÑfr,slhgSfdblesafofHkUufo|kfFkZ;ksadhle>usdh{kerkvkSjxfresavarjcukjgrkgSAblsns[krsgq,n`f"Vviusfo|kfFkZ;ksadksl=kdsnkSjku;kl=klekIrgkstkusdscknHkhO;fDrxrlgk;rkmiyCèkdjkrhgSAbliz;kstudsfy;sn`f"Vdsvè;kidiwoZfuèkkZfjrfnuvkSjle;dsvuqlkjfo|kfFkZ;ksadsfy;smiyCèkjgrsgSaAbllacaèkesalkIrkfgdvkèkkjijn`f"Vdk;kZy;lslwpukyhtkldrhgSA

eq[; ijh{kk

eq[; ijh{kk D;k gS\ (What is Main Examination?)

flfoylsokijh{kkdknwljkpj.k^eq[;ijh{kk*dgykrkgSAizkjafHkdijh{kkdkmís';fliQZbrukgSfdlHkhmEehnokjksaesalsdqNxaHkhjo;ksX;mEehnokjksadkspqufy;ktk,rFkkokLrfodijh{kkmupqusgq,mEehnokjksadschpvk;ksftrdjkbZtk,AizkjafHkdijh{kkesaliQygksusokysmEehnokjksadkslkekU;r%flracjekgdsnkSjkueq[;ijh{kknsusdsfy;svkeaf=krfd;ktkrkgSAxkSjrycgSfdtgk¡izkjafHkdijh{kkiwjhrjgoLrqfu"B(Objective)gksrhgS]oghaeq[;ijh{kkesavyx&vyx'kCnlhekokyso.kZukRed(Descriptive)iz'uiwNstkrsgSaAbuiz'uksaesafofHkUufodYiksaesalsmÙkjpquukughagksrkcfYdvius'kCnksaesafy[kukgksrkgSA;ghdkj.kgSfdeq[;ijh{kkesaliQygksusdsfy;svPNhys[ku'kSyhdksHkh,degÙoiw.kZ;ksX;rkekuktkrkgSA

eSa ^n`f"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* dk fu;fer ikBd jgk gw¡A fgUnh ekè;e ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy;s ;g if=kdk cgqr mi;ksxh lkfcr gks jgh gSA bl

if=kdk dk vkys[k [kaM csgn ljkguh; gSA fuca/ ds fy;s m¼j.k eSaus blh if=kdk ls rS;kj fd;s FksA &xaxk flag (IAS 2016, 33oha jSad)

10

eq[; ijh{kk ds fy;s oSdfYid fo"k;ksa dh lwphzl Ñf"k

zl i'kqikyu,oai'kqfpfdRlkfoKku

zl u`foKku

zl ouLifrfoKku

zl jlk;ufoKku

zl flfoybathfu;jh

zl okf.kT;'kkL=krFkkys[kkfofèk

zl vFkZ'kkL=k

zl fo|qrbathfu;jh

zl Hkwxksy

zl Hkw&foKku

zl bfrgkl

zl fofèk

zl izcaèku

zl xf.kr

zl ;kaf=kdbathfu;jh

zl fpfdRlkfoKku

zl n'kZu'kkL=k

zl HkkSfrdh

zl jktuhfrfoKkurFkkvarjkZ"Vªh;lacaèk

zl euksfoKku

zl yksdiz'kklu

zl lekt'kkL=k

zl lkaf[;dh

zl izkf.kfoKku

zl fuEufyf[krHkk"kkvksaesalsfdlh,dHkk"kkdklkfgR; % vlfe;k]caxkyh]cksMks]Mksxjh]xqtjkrh]fganh]dUuM+]d'ehjh]dksad.kh]eSfFkyh] ey;kye] ef.kiqjh] ejkBh] usikyh] vksfM;k] iatkch]laLÑr]laFkkyh]flaèkh]rfey]rsyqxw]mnwZvkSjvaxzs”khA

11

lkekU; vè;;u (eq[; ijh{kk) % ikB~;Øe [General Studies (Mains): Syllabus]

lkekU; vè;;u iz'ui=k&1% Hkkjrh; fojklr vkSj laLÑfr] fo'o dk bfrgkl ,oa Hkwxksy vkSj lekt

GS-Paper 1: Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society

Ø-lafo"k; S.No. Topic1. Hkkjrh;laLÑfresaizkphudkylsvkèkqfuddkyrddsdyk

ds:i]lkfgR;vkSjokLrqdykdseq[;igyw'kkfeygksaxsA1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms,

Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.

2. 18ohalnhdsyxHkxeè;lsysdjorZekule;rddkvkèkqfudHkkjrh;bfrgkl&egÙoiw.kZ?kVuk,¡]O;fDrRo]fo"k;A

2. Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.

3. Lora=krklaxzke&bldsfofHkUupj.kvkSjns'kdsfofHkUuHkkxksalsblesaviuk;ksxnkunsusokysegÙoiw.kZO;fDr@mudk;ksxnkuA

3. The Freedom Struggle - its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.

4. Lora=krkdsi'pkr~ns'kdsvanj,dhdj.kvkSjiquxZBuA 4. Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.

5. fo'odsbfrgklesa18ohalnhrFkkckndh?kVuk,¡;FkkvkS|ksfxdØkafr]fo'o;q¼]jk"Vªh;lhekvksadkiqu%lhekadu]mifuos'kokn]mifuos'kokndhlekfIr]jktuhfrdn'kZutSlslkE;okn]iwathokn]lektoknvkfn'kkfeygksaxs]muds:ivkSjlektijmudkizHkkoA

5. History of the world will include events from 18th century such as Industrial revolution, World wars, Redrawal of national boundaries, Colonization, Decolonization, Political philosophies like Communism, Capitalism, Socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the society.

6. Hkkjrh;lektdheq[;fo'ks"krk,¡]HkkjrdhfofoèkrkA 6. Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.

7. efgykvksadhHkwfedkvkSjefgyklaxBu]tula[;k,oalac¼eqís]xjhchvkSjfodklkRedfo"k;]'kgjhdj.k]mudhleL;k,¡vkSjmudsj{kksik;A

7. Role of women and women’s organizations, Population and associated issues, Poverty and developmental issues, Urbanization, their problems and their remedies.

8. Hkkjrh;lektijHkweaMyhdj.kdkizHkkoA 8. Effects of globalization on Indian society.

9. lkekftdl'kDrhdj.k]laiznk;okn]{ks=koknvkSjèkeZfujis{krkA 9. Social empowerment, Communalism, Regionalism & Secularism.

10. fo'odsHkkSfrdHkwxksydheq[;fo'ks"krk,¡A 10. Salient features of world’s physical geography.

11. fo'oHkjdseq[;izkÑfrdlalkèkuksadkforj.k(nf{k.k,f'k;kvkSjHkkjrh;miegk}hidks'kkfeydjrsgq,)]fo'o(Hkkjrlfgr)dsfofHkUuHkkxksaesaizkFkfed]f}rh;dvkSjr`rh;d{ks=kdsm|ksxksadksLFkkfirdjusdsfy;sf”kEesnkjdkjdA

11. Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India).

12. Hkwdai]lqukeh]Tokykeq[kh;gypy]pØokrvkfntSlhegÙoiw.kZHkw&HkkSfrdh;?kVuk,¡]HkkSxksfydfo'ks"krk,¡vkSjmudsLFkku&vfregÙoiw.kZHkkSxksfydfo'ks"krkvksa(ty&lzksrvkSjfgekoj.klfgr)vkSjouLifr,oaizkf.ktxresaifjorZuvkSjblizdkjdsifjorZuksadsizHkkoA

12. Important Geophysical phenomena such as Earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, Cyclone etc., geographical features and their location- changes in critical geographical features (including Waterbodies and Ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.

eSa n`f"V laLFkku o O;fDrxr :i ls fodkl fnO;dhfrZ lj dh vkHkkjh gw¡ ftUgksaus yxkrkj eq>s lgh fn'kk dh rjiQ vxzlj fd;kA eSa fu;fer

:i ls ^n`f"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* dh ikBd jgh gw¡A blds fganh o vaxzs”kh nksuksa o”kZu] nksuksa ekè;eksa ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy;s dkiQh ykHkizn

jgs gSaA &vkjrh flag (IAS 2016 esa 116oha jSad)

&gseUr lrh (IAS 2016 esa 88oha jSad)

&dapu dqekj dk.Miky (IAS 2016 esa p;fur)

12

lkekU; vè;;u iz'ui=k&2% 'kklu O;oLFkk] lafoèkku] 'kklu iz.kkyh] lkekftd U;k; rFkk varjkZ"Vªh; lacaèk

GS-Paper 2 : Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations

Ø-lafo"k; S.No. Topic

1. Hkkjrh;lafoèkku&,sfrgkfldvkèkkj] fodkl] fo'ks"krk,¡]la'kksèku]egÙoiw.kZizkoèkkuvkSjcqfu;knhlajpukA

1. Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.

2. la?k,oajkT;ksadsdk;ZrFkkmÙkjnkf;Ro]la?kh;<k¡pslslacafèkrfo"k;,oapqukSfr;k¡]LFkkuh;Lrjij'kfDr;ksavkSjfoÙkdkgLrkarj.kvkSjmldhpqukSfr;k¡A

2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.

3. fofHkUu?kVdksadschp'kfDr;ksadki`FkDdj.k]fooknfuokj.kra=krFkklaLFkkuA

3. Separation of powers between various organs, dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions.

4. Hkkjrh;laoSèkkfud;kstukdhvU;ns'kksadslkFkrqyukA 4. Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries.

5. lalnvkSjjkT;foèkkf;dk&lajpuk]dk;Z]dk;Z&lapkyu]'kfDr;k¡,oafo'ks"kkfèkdkjvkSjbulsmRiUugksusokysfo"k;A

5. Parliament and State Legislatures - structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.

6. dk;ZikfydkvkSjU;k;ikfydkdhlajpuk]laxBuvkSjdk;Z&ljdkjdsea=kky;,oafoHkkx]izHkkodlewgvkSjvkSipkfjd@vukSipkfjdla?krFkk'kkluiz.kkyhesamudhHkwfedkA

6. Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary; Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.

7. tuizfrfufèkRovfèkfu;edheq[;fo'ks"krk,¡A 7. Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.

8. fofHkUulaoSèkkfudinksaijfu;qfDrvkSjfofHkUulaoSèkkfudfudk;ksadh'kfDr;k¡]dk;ZvkSjmÙkjnkf;RoA

8. Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.

9. lkafofèkd]fofu;kedvkSjfofHkUuv¼ZZ&U;kf;dfudk;A 9. Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies.

10. ljdkjhuhfr;ksavkSjfofHkUu{ks=kksaesafodkldsfy;sgLr{ksivkSjmudsvfHkdYiurFkkdk;kZUo;udsdkj.kmRiUu fo"k;A

10. Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.

11. fodklizfØ;krFkkfodklm|ksx&xSj&ljdkjhlaxBuksa]Lo;algk;rklewgksa] fofHkUulewgksavkSjla?kksa]nkudrkZvksa]yksdksidkjhlaLFkkvksa]laLFkkxr,oavU;i{kksadhHkwfedkA

11. Development processes and the development industry- the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.

12. dsUnz ,oa jkT;ksa }kjktula[;kdsvfrlaosnu'khyoxks±ds fy;sdY;k.kdkjh;kstuk,¡vkSjbu;kstukvksadkdk;Z&fu"iknu_buvfrlaosnu'khyoxks±dhj{kk,oacsgrjhdsfy;sxfBrra=k]fofèk]laLFkku,oafudk;A

12. Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.

13. LokLF;]f'k{kk]ekuolalkèkuksalslacafèkrlkekftd{ks=k@lsokvksadsfodklvkSjizcaèkulslacafèkrfo"k;A

13. Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.

14. xjhch,oaHkw[klslacafèkrfo"k;A 14. Issues relating to poverty and hunger.

15. 'kkluO;oLFkk]ikjnf'kZrkvkSjtokcnsghdsegÙoiw.kZi{k]bZ&xous±l&vuqiz;ksx]ekWMy]liQyrk,¡]lhek,¡vkSjlaHkkouk,¡_ukxfjdpkVZj]ikjnf'kZrk,oatokcnsghvkSjlaLFkkxrrFkkvU;mik;A

15. Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications, models, successes, limitations and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures.

16. yksdra=kesaflfoylsokvksadhHkwfedkA 16. Role of civil services in a democracy.

17. Hkkjr,oabldsiM+kslh&lacaèkA 17. India and its neighborhood- relations.

18. f}i{kh;]{ks=kh;vkSjoSf'odlewgvkSjHkkjrlslacafèkrvkSj@vFkokHkkjrdsfgrksadksizHkkfordjusokysdjkjA

18. Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.

19. HkkjrdsfgrksaijfodflrrFkkfodkl'khyns'kksadhuhfr;ksarFkkjktuhfrdkizHkko_izoklhHkkjrh;A

19. Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora.

20. egÙoiw.kZvarjkZ"Vªh;laLFkku]laLFkk,¡vkSjeap&mudhlajpuk]vfèkns'kA 20. Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.

13

lkekU; vè;;u iz'ui=k&3% izkS|ksfxdh] vkfFkZd fodkl] tSo

fofoèkrk] i;kZoj.k] lqj{kk rFkk vkink izcaèkuGS-Paper 3: Technology, Economic Development, Bio-

diversity, Environment, Security & Disaster Management


1. Hkkjrh;vFkZO;oLFkkrFkk;kstuk]lalkèkuksadkstqVkus]izxfr]fodklrFkkjkstxkjlslacafèkrfo"k;A

1. Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobiliza-tion of resources, growth, development and employment.

2. lekos'khfodklrFkkbllsmRiUufo"k;A 2. Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.

3. ljdkjhctVA 3. Government Budgeting.

4. eq[;iQlysa&ns'kdsfofHkUuHkkxksaesaiQlyksadkiSVuZ&flapkbZdsfofHkUuizdkj,oaflapkbZiz.kkyh&Ñf"kmRikndkHkaMkj.k]ifjogurFkkfoi.ku]lacafèkrfo"k;vkSjckèkk,¡_fdlkuksadhlgk;rkdsfy;sbZ&izkS|ksfxdhA

4. Major crops – cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems – storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers.

5. izR;{k,oavizR;{kÑf"klgk;rkrFkkU;wureleFkZuewY;lslacafèkrfo"k;_tuforj.kiz.kkyh&mís';]dk;Z]lhek,¡]lqèkkj_ciQjLVkWdrFkk[kk|lqj{kklacaèkhfo"k;_izkS|ksfxdhfe'ku_i'kqikyulacaèkhvFkZ'kkL=kA

5. Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.

6. Hkkjresa[kk|izlaLdj.k,oalacafèkrm|ksx&dk;Z{ks=k,oaegÙo]LFkku]ÅijhvkSjuhpsdhvis{kk,¡]vkiwfrZÜk`a[kykizcaèkuA

6. Food processing and related industries in India- scope and significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management.

7. HkkjresaHkwfelqèkkjA 7. Land reforms in India.

8. mnkjhdj.kdkvFkZO;oLFkkijizHkko]vkS|ksfxduhfresaifjorZurFkkvkS|ksfxdfodklijbudkizHkkoA

8. Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth.

9. cqfu;knh<k¡pk%ÅtkZ]canjxkg]lM+d]foekuiÙku]jsyosvkfnA 9. Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.

10. fuos'kekWMyA 10. Investment models.

11. foKku,oaizkS|ksfxdh&fodkl,oavuqiz;ksxvkSjjks”kejkZdsthouijbldkizHkkoA

11. Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.

12. foKku,oaizkS|ksfxdhesaHkkjrh;ksadhmiyfCèk;k¡_ns'kt:ilsizkS|ksfxdhdkfodklvkSjubZizkS|ksfxdhdkfodklA

12. Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.

13. lwpukizkS|ksfxdh]varfj{k]daI;wVj]jkscksfVDl]uSuks&VSDuksykWth]ck;ks&VSDuksykWthvkSjckSf¼dlainkvfèkdkjksalslacafèkrfo"k;ksadslacaèkesatkx#drkA

13. Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.

14. laj{k.k]i;kZoj.kiznw"k.kvkSj{kj.k]i;kZoj.kizHkkodkvkdyuA 14. Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

15. vkinkvkSjvkinkizcaèkuA 15. Disaster and disaster management.

16. fodklvkSjiSQyrsmxzokndschplacaèkA 16. Linkages between development and spread of extremism.

17. vkarfjdlqj{kkdsfy;spqukSrhmRiUudjusokys'kklufojksèkhrÙoksadhHkwfedkA

17. Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.

18. lapkjusVooZQdsekè;elsvkarfjdlqj{kkdkspqukSrh]vkarfjdlqj{kkpqukSfr;ksaesaehfM;kvkSjlkekftdusVo²dxlkbVksadhHkwfedk]lkbcjlqj{kkdhcqfu;knhckrsa]èku&'kksèkuvkSjblsjksdukA

18. Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention.

19. lhekorhZ{ks=kksaesalqj{kkpqukSfr;k¡,oamudkizcaèku&laxfBrvijkèkvkSjvkradokndschplacaèkA

19. Security challenges and their management in border areas; –linkages of organized crime with terrorism.

20. fofHkUulqj{kkcyvkSjlaLFkk,¡rFkkmudsvfèkns'kA 20. Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate.

14

lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&4% uhfr'kkL=k] lR;fu"Bk vkSj vfHk#fp

GS-Paper 4 : Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude

bl iz'u&i=k esa ,sls iz'u 'kkfey gksaxs tks lkoZtfud thou esa mEehnokjksa dh lR;fu"Bk] bZekunkjh ls lacafèkr fo"k;ksa ds izfr mudh vfHko`fÙk rFkk muds n`f"Vdks.k rFkk lekt ls vkpkj&O;ogkj esa fofHkUu eqíksa rFkk lkeus vkus okyh leL;kvksa ds lekèkku dks ysdj mudh eukso`fÙk dk ijh{k.k djsaxsA bu vk;keksa dk fuèkkZj.k djus ds fy;s iz'u&i=k esa fdlh ekeys ds vè;;u (dsl LVMh) dk ekè;e Hkh pquk tk ldrk gSA eq[; :i ls fuEufyf[kr {ks=kksa dks doj fd;k tk,xkA

This paper will include questions to test the candidates attitude and approach to issues relating to integrity, probity in public life and his problem solving approach to various issues and conflicts faced by him in dealing with society. Questions may utilise the case study approach to determine these aspects. The following broad areas will be covered.


1. uhfr'kkL=k rFkk ekuoh; lg&lacaèk% ekuoh; fØ;kdykiksa esauhfr'kkL=kdklkjrÙo]bldsfuèkkZjdvkSjifj.kke_uhfr'kkL=kdsvk;ke_futhvkSjlkoZtfudlacaèkksaesauhfr'kkL=k]ekuoh;ewY;&egkuusrkvksa]lqèkkjdksavkSjiz'kkldksadsthourFkkmudsmins'kksalsf'k{kk_ewY;fodflrdjusesaifjokj]lektvkSj'kS{kf.kdlaLFkkvksadhHkwfedkA

1. Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships. Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of family, society and educational institutions in inculcating values.

2. vfHko`fÙk%lkjka'k(daVsUV)]lajpuk]o`fÙk_fopkjrFkkvkpj.kdsifjizs{;esabldkizHkko,oalacaèk_uSfrdvkSjjktuhfrdvfHk#fp_lkekftdizHkkovkSjèkkj.kA

2. Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion.

3. flfoylsokdsfy;svfHk#fprFkkcqfu;knhewY;&lR;fu"Bk]HksnHkkojfgrrFkkxSj&rjiQnkjh]fu"i{krk]lkoZtfudlsokdsizfrleiZ.kHkko]de”kksjoxks±dsizfrlgkuqHkwfr]lfg".kqrkrFkklaosnukA

3. Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service – integrity, impartiality and non-partisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker sections.

4. HkkoukRedle>%voèkkj.kk,¡rFkkiz'kkluvkSj'kkluO;oLFkkesamudsmi;ksxvkSjiz;ksxA

4. Emotional intelligence-concepts, and their utilities and application in administration and governance.

5. HkkjrrFkkfo'odsuSfrdfopkjdksarFkknk'kZfudksads;ksxnkuA 5. Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.

6. yksdiz'kkluesayksd@flfoylsokewY;rFkkuhfr'kkL=k%fLFkfrrFkkleL;k,¡_ljdkjhrFkkfuthlaLFkkuksaesauSfrdfpark,¡rFkknqfoèkk,¡_uSfrdekxZn'kZudslzksrksads:iesa fofèk] fu;e]fofu;erFkkvarjkRek_mÙkjnkf;RorFkkuSfrd'kklu]'kkluO;oLFkkesauhfrijdrFkkuSfrdewY;ksadklqn<+hdj.k_varjkZ"Vªh;lacaèkksarFkk fufèkO;oLFkk(iaQfMax)esauSfrdeqís_dkWjiksjsV'kkluO;oLFkkA

6. Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems; ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions; laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance; accountability and ethical governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance; ethical issues in international relations and funding; corporate governance.

7. 'kkluO;oLFkkesabZekunkjh%yksdlsokdhvoèkkj.kk_'kkluO;oLFkkvkSjbZekunkjhdknk'kZfudvkèkkj]ljdkjesalwpukdkvknku&iznkuvkSjikjnf'kZrk]lwpukdkvfèkdkj]uhfrijdvkpkjlafgrk]vkpj.klafgrk]ukxfjd?kks"k.kki=k]dk;ZlaLÑfr]lsokiznkudjusdhxq.koÙkk]yksdfufèkdkmi;ksx]Hkz"VkpkjdhpqukSfr;k¡A

7. Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity; Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen’s Charters, Work culture, Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption.

8. mi;qZDrfo"k;ksaijekeyklacaèkhvè;;u(dslLVMh”k)A 8. Case Studies on above issues.

eSa vaxzs”kh ekè;e dk fo|kFkhZ gksus ds ckotwn eSaus nf"V laLFkku ls lkekU; vè;;u rFkk fuca/ dh d{kk,¡ dhaA blds lkFk gh VsLV lhjh”k ,oa lk{kkRdkj ds fy;s ekxZn'kZu Hkh izkIr fd;k] ftldk esjh liQyrk esa egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku gSA eSaus ^nf"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* dk fu;fer vè;;u fd;k gS ;g if=kdk esjh rS;kjh esa ,d egÙoiw.kZ lkexzh lkfcr gqbZ gSA eSa rS;kjh djus okys fofHkUu vH;fFkZ;ksa dks Hkh blds vè;;u dh lykg nsrk gw¡A &lquhy 'kekZ (IAS 2016 esa 237oha jSad)

15

flfoy lsok eq[; ijh{kk esa lkekU; vè;;u ds iz'ui=ksa dk [k.Mokj ,oa vadokj oxhZdj.k

lkekU; vè;;u iz'u i=k&1

Hkkjr ,oa fo'o dk bfrgkliz'uksa dh la[;k@

vad 2018iz'uksa dh la[;k@





vad 2013

Hkkjrh;fojklr,oalaLÑfr 4 (50 vad) 1 (10 vad) 2 (25 vad) 2 (25vad) 4 (40vad) 3 (20vad)

vkèkqfudHkkjrdkbfrgkl(Lora=krklsiwoZ)

1 (10 vad) 5 (65 vad) 3 (37.5 vad) 2 (25 vad) 3 (30 vad) 4 (40 vad)

vkèkqfudHkkjrdkbfrgkl(Lora=krklsi'pkr~)

1 (15 vad) – 1 (12.5 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) & 4 (40 vad)

fo'obfrgkl – 1 (10 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) 2 (25 vad) 3 (30 vad) 4 (40 vad)

vad 75 vad 85 vad 87.5 vad 87.5 vad 100 vad 140 vad

Hkkjrh; lekt esa lkekftd leL;k,¡iz'uksa dh la[;k@






vad 2013

Hkkjrh;lektdhfo'ks"krk,¡ 1 (10 vad) 2 (25 vad) & 1 (12.5 vad) 1 (10 vad) &

efgykvksalslacafèkreqís 1 (15 vad) – & 1 (12.5 vad) 3 (30 vad) 1 (10 vad)

xjhch,oafodklkRedfo"k; 2 (25 vad) – 1 (12.5 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) – –

'kgjhdj.k – 1 (15 vad) 2 (25 vad) 2 (25 vad) – 1 (10 vad)

tula[;k – – & 2 (25 vad) – –

Hkkjrh;lektijHkwe.Myhdj.kdkizHkko 1 (15 vad) – 1 (12.5 vad) – – 1 (10 vad)

laiznk;okn]{ks=kokn]èkeZfujis{krk 2 (25 vad) 1 (15 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) – 1 (10 vad) 1 (10 vad)

lkekftdl'kfDrdj.k – 1 (10 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) – –

vad 90vad 65vad 75vad 100vad 50vad 40vad

Hkkjr ,oa fo'o dk Hkwxksyiz'uksa dh la[;k@






vad 2013

HkkSfrdHkwxksy 2 (25 vad) 3 (40 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) 2 (25 vad) 2 (20 vad) 5 (30 vad)

izkÑfrdlalkèkuksadkforj.k 2 (25 vad) 1 (10 vad) 5 (62.5 vad) 3 (37.5 vad) 2 (20 vad) 2 (20 vad)

Hkkjr,oafo'oesam|ksxksadksLFkkfirdjusokysdkjd

2 (25 vad) 2 (25 vad) – – 3 (30 vad) 2 (10 vad)

egÙoiw.kZHkw&HkkSfrd?kVuk,¡(Hkwdai]lqukeh]Tokykeq[khbR;kfn)

– 1 (15 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) – 2 (20 vad) 2 (10 vad)

HkkSxksfydfo'ks"krk,¡vkSjmudsLFkku 1 (10 vad) 1 (10 vad) – – 1 (10 vad) –

vad 85 vad 100 vad 87.5 vad 62.5 vad 100 vad 70 vad

oqQy vad 250 250 250 250 250 250

eSaus ijh{kk dh rS;kjh ds fy;s n`f"V laLFkku ls ekxZn'kZu fy;k ,oa d{kk,¡ dhA esjh liQyrk esa n`f"V laLFkku] fo'ks"kdj fodkl fnO;dhfrZ lj

dh cgqr ldkjkRed Hkwfedk jgh gSA fucaèk esjk ges'kk ls ,d e”kcwr i{k jgk gS] fiQj Hkh eSaus vius dqN fucaèk fodkl lj ls t¡pok, tks

esjs fy;s cgqr mi;ksxh jgkA &fu'kkar tSu (IAS, jktLFkku dkMj)

eq>s n`f"V laLFkku] [kkldj fodkl lj ds O;fDrxr ekxZn'kZu ls bl liQyrk dks de le; esa izkIr djus esa dkiQh lgk;rk feyhA

&/uat; ikBd (fMIVh dyDVj] JPSC)

16


Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ,oa 'kklu O;oLFkkiz'uksa dh la[;k@






vad 2013

Hkkjrh;lafoèkku(fo'ks"krk,¡izkoèkku)Hkkjrh;

laoSèkkfud;kstukdhvU;ns'kksalsrqyuk1 (15vad) 2 (30vad) 3 (37.5vad) 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) 2 (20vad)

la?kh;<k¡pslslacafèkrfo"k;,oa

LFkkuh;'kklu2 (30vad) 1 (10vad) 2 (25vad) 3 (37.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) 1 (10vad)

foèkkf;dk,oatuizfrfufèkRovfèkfu;e 1 (10vad) 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) – 1 (12.5vad) 1 (10vad)

dk;Zikfydk 1 (10vad) – – – 2 (25vad) –

U;k;ikfydk 1 (15vad) 1 (10vad) – 1 (12.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) –

fofHkUu?kVdksadseè;'kfDrdki`FkDdj.k – – – 1 (12.5vad) – 1 (10vad)

laoSèkkfudinrFkklaoSèkkfudfofèkd]

fofu;ked,oavèkZ&U;kf;dfudk;4 (45vad) 2 (25vad) 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) 3 (30vad)

yksdra=kesaflfoylsok – 1 (15vad) 1 (12.5vad) – 1 (12.5vad) –

vad 125vad 115vad 112.5vad 100vad 100vad 80vad

'kklu iz.kkyh ,oa lkekftd U;k;iz'uksa dh la[;k@






vad 2013

fodkldsfy;sljdkjhuhfr;k¡,oa

fØ;kUo;ulslacafèkrfo"k;1 (10vad) 3 (40vad) – – 4 (50vad) 1 (10vad)

xSjljdkjhlaxBu]Lo;algk;rklewg,oa

fofHkUulewgksadhfodklizfØ;kesa

Hkwfedk

– 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) 3 (37.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) 2 (20vad)

vfrlaosnu'khyoxks±dsfy;spykbZxbZ

dY;k.kdkjh;kstuk,¡– 1 (10vad) 1 (12.5vad) – 1 (12.5vad) 1 (10vad)

ekuolalkèkulslacafèkrfo"k; 2 (25vad) – 2 (25vad) 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) 2 (20vad)

xjhch,oaHkw[klslacafèkrfo"k; 1 (15vad) 1 (10vad) – 1 (12.5vad) – –

'kkluiz.kkyhlslacafèkrfo"k;]ikjnf'kZrk]

tokcnsgh]bZ&xous±l]flfV”kupkVZj2 (25vad) – 3 (37.5vad) 2 (25vad) – 3 (30vad)

vad 75 vad 85 vad 87.5 vad 100 vad 87.5 vad 90 vad

varjkZ"Vªh; lacaèkiz'uksa dh la[;k@






vad 2013

Hkkjr,oabldsiM+kslhns'k 2 (20 vad) 1 (10 vad) – 2 (25 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) 6 (60 vad)

f}i{kh;]{ks=kh;,oaoSf'odlewg]fodflrvkSjfodkl'khyns'kksadhuhfr;ksadkHkkjrijizHkko]izoklhHkkjrh;

1 (15 vad) 2 (30 vad) 2 (25 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) 1 (10 vad)

egÙoiw.kZvarjkZ"Vªh;laLFkku 1 (15 vad) 1 (10 vad) 2 (25 vad) 1 (12.5 vad) 3 (37.5 vad) 1 (10 vad)

vad 50 vad 50 vad 50 vad 50 vad 62.5 vad 80 vad

oqQy vad 250 250 250 250 250 250

esjh liQyrk esa izR;{k :i ls cgqr ls yksxksa dk ;ksxnku gS fdarq fodkl lj dk fo'ks"k rkSj ij lg;ksx jgkA eSaus n`f"V laLFkku ls ekxZn'kZu

fy;k rFkk esjh liQyrk esa bl laLFkku dk cgqr cM+k ;ksxnku gSA &jktsUnz iSafl;k (IAS, mÙkj izns'k dkMj)

17


vFkZO;oLFkkiz'uksa dh la[;k@






vad 2013

Hkkjrh;vFkZO;oLFkk];kstuk]lalkèku]fodkl]jks”kxkjlslacafèkreqís

2 (30vad) 2 (20vad) – 3 (37.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) –

lekos'khfodkl 1 (10vad) 1 (15vad) 2 (25vad) – 1 (12.5vad) 1 (10vad)

ctV 1 (10vad) 1 (15vad) 1 (12.5vad) – – 3 (30vad)

eq[;iQlysa]Ñf"kmRikndkHkaMkj.k]ifjogu]flapkbZ]bZ&izkS|ksfxdhrFkkvU;lacafèkr fo"k;,oackèkk,¡

3 (40vad) 2 (25vad) 2 (25vad) 2 (25vad) 2 (25vad) –

izR;{k,oavizR;{kÑf"klgk;rk]tuforj.kiz.kkyh][kk|lqj{kk

1 (10vad) 1 (15vad) 1 (12.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) – 2 (20vad)

[kk|izlaLdj.k,oalacafèkrm|ksx]i'kqikyu – 1 (10vad) – 2 (25vad) – 1 (10vad)

HkkjresaHkwfelqèkkj – – 1 (12.5vad) – 1 (12.5vad) 1 (10vad)

mnkjhdj.kdkvFkZO;oLFkkijizHkko]vkS|ksfxduhfr

– 1 (15vad) 1 (12.5vad) – 1 (12.5vad) 1 (10vad)

cqfu;knh<k¡pk 1 (15vad) – 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) 1 (10vad)

fuos'kekWMy – 1 (10vad) 1 (12.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) 2 (25vad) 3 (20vad)

vad 115vad 125vad 137.5vad 125vad 112.5vad 120vad

foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdhiz'uksa dh la[;k@






vad 2013

foKku,oaizkS|ksfxdhdkfodkl]vuqiz;ksx]lwpuk,oaizkS|ksfxdh]varfj{k]jkscksfVDlbR;kfn]ckSf¼dlainklslacafèkrfo"k;

1 (15vad) 1 (10vad) – 3 (37.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) 6 (45vad)

foKku,oaizkS|ksfxdhesaHkkjrh;ksadhmiyfCèk;k¡]ns'kt:ilsizkS|ksfxdhdkfodkl

1 (10vad) 2 (25vad) 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) 2 (25vad) –

vad 25vad 35vad 25vad 50vad 37.5vad 45vad

i;kZoj.k 4 (45vad) 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) 2 (25vad) 3 (25vad)

vkink izcaèku 1 (15vad) 1 (15vad) 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) 1 (12.5vad) 1 (10vad)

lqj{kkiz'uksa dh la[;k@






vad 2013

fodkl,oamxzokndschplacaèk 1 (10vad) – – 1 (12.5vad) – 1 (10vad)

vkarfjdlqj{kkdhpqukSfr;k¡]lkbcjlqj{kk]èku'kksèku

1 (15vad) 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) 2 (25vad) 1 (12.5vad) 3 (30vad)

lhekorhZ{ks=kksaesalqj{kkpqukSfr;k¡]laxfBrvijkèk,oavkradokn

2 (25vad) 2 (25vad) 3 (37.5vad) – 4 (50vad) 1 (10vad)

lqj{kkcyvkSjlaLFkkurFkkmudsvfèkns'k – – – 1 (12.5vad) – –

vad 50vad 50vad 50vad 50vad 62.5vad 50vad

oqQy vad 250 250 250 250 250 250

&nsohyky (IAS, xqtjkr dkMj)

18


uhfr'kkL=k] lR;fu"Bk vkSj vfHk#fpiz'uksa dh la[;k@






vad 2013

uhfr'kkL=k rFkk ekuoh; lg&lacaèk% ekuoh;fØ;kdykiksa esa uhfr'kkL=kdklkj] fuèkkZjd]ifj.kke]vk;ke]lkoZtfud,oafuthlacaèkesauhfr'kkL=k]ewY;fodflrdjusesaifjokjlektof'k{k.klaLFkk,¡

1 (10vad) 3 (30vad) 3 (40vad) 4 (55vad) 4 (40vad) 2 (20vad)

vfHkofÙk%lkjka'k]lajpuk]ofÙk]fopkjvkpj.kesa bldk izHkko] uSfrd jktuhfrd vfHk#fp]lkekftdizHkko,oaèkkj.k

– 1 (10vad) 2 (20vad) – 2 (20vad) 1 (10vad)

HkkokRedle>%voèkkj.kkrFkkiz'kkluesami;skx

– 1 (10vad) 1 (10vad) – 1 (10vad) 3 (30vad)

Hkkjr,oafo'odsuSfrdfopkjd,oank'kZfud


flfoylsokdsfy;svfHk#fprFkkcqfu;knhewY;%lR;fu"Bk]xSjrjiQnkjh]lsokdsizfrleiZ.k]de”kksjoxZdsizfrlgkuqHkwfr


yksdiz'kkluesayksd@flfoylsokewY;rFkkuhfr'kkL=k]ljdkjh,oafuthlaLFkkuesauSfrdfpark,oanqfoèkk]mÙkjnkf;Ro]varjkZ"Vªh;lacaèkksa,oafufèkO;oLFkkdsuSfrdeqís


'kklu O;oLFkk esa bZekunkjh] yksd lsok dhvoèkkj.kk]lwpukdkvfèkdkj]uhfrijdvkpkjlafgrk]ikjnf'kZrk]dk;ZlaLÑfrlsokdhxq.koÙkk]yksdfufèk]Hkz"Vkpkj


oqQy vad 250 250 250 250 250 250

eq[; ijh{kk esa lkekU; vè;;u dh Hkwfedk (Role of General Studies in Main Exam)

eq[; ijh{kk ds dqy 1750vadksa esa ls 1000vad lkekU;vè;;udsgksrs gSa] blfy;s;gdgukvfr'k;ksfDrugha fddqNvioknksadksNksM+djlHkhmEehnokjksadsekeysesaliQyrkdkfuèkkZj.klkekU;vè;;uesamudhidM+rFkkfu"iknudsvkèkkjijr;gksrkgSAgk¡]lkFkesa;grksegÙoiw.kZgSghfdmEehnokjuslghoSdfYidfo"k;pqukFkk;kugha_vkSjfucaèkrFkklk{kkRdkjdsfy;sleqfprrS;kjhdhFkh;kugha\o"kZ2014, 2015, 2016, 2017,oa2018dheq[;ijh{kkvksaesafofHkUuoxks±dsfy;sdV&vkWiQblizdkjjgk&

oxZ 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

lkekU;oxZ 678 676 787 809 774

vU;fiNM+soxZ 631 630 745 770 732

vuqlwfprtkfr 631 622 739 756 719

vuqlwfprtutkfr 619 617 730 749 719

fodykaxoxZ&1(PH-1) 609 580 713 734 711

fodykaxoxZ&2(PH-2) 575 627 740 745 696

fodykaxoxZ&3(PH-3) 449 504 545 578 520

lkj;ggSfdeq[;ijh{kkesalkekU;vè;;udhdsanzh;Hkwfedk

gSAoSdfYidfo"k;vkSjfucaèkdhHkwfedkHkhegÙoiw.kZgS]fdarqbuessa

vPNsvadykdjlkekU;vè;;uesagqbZdehdhHkjikbZdjysuk

laHkoughagSA

DokyhQkbax fo"k; (Qualifying Subject)

fganh ;k lafo/ku dh 8oha vuqlwph esa 'kkfey dksbZ Hkk"kk

Hkkjrh;Hkk"kkvksaesals,dHkk"kk]tkslafo/kudhvkBohavuqlwph

esa'kkfeygS]mlsisij–^d*dsfy;smEehnokj}kjkp;furfd;k

tkrkgSA;gç'ui=kv#.kkpyçns'k]ef.kiqj]es?kky;]fe”kksje]ukxkySaM

vkSjflfDdedsjgusokysmEehnokjksadsfy;svfuok;ZughagksxkA

blisijdkiw.kk±d300gSftlesaDokyhiQkbaxvad75 (25%)

fu/kZfjrfd;kx;kgSAç'uksadkiSVuZeksVsrkSjijfuEukuqlkjgksxk&

1.cks/xE;rk

2.laf{kIrys•u

3.'kCnç;ksxo'kCnHk.Mkj

4.y?kqfuca/

5.vaxzs”khlsHkkjrh;Hkk"kkrFkkHkkjrh;Hkk"kklsvaxzs”khesavuqokn

19

mudsle{kliQyrkçkIrdjusdhpqukSrhvkSjHkhcM+hgkstkrhgSA,slsesavH;fFkZ;ksadsle{k,dghfodYimHkjdjlkeusvkrkgS&dksfpaxlaLFkkuAysfdu;gk¡leL;k;svkrhgSfddkSu&lhdksfpaxmudsfy;scsgrjjgsxh\D;ksafddbZckjxyrlaLFkkuesaços'kysusdsdkj.kvH;fFkZ;ksadksdbZçdkjdhleL;kvksadklkeukdjukiM+rkgSAblfy;svH;fFkZ;ksadksdksfpaxlaLFkkudhliQyrknj]laLFkkudsvè;kidlewg]vè;;uç.kkyh]l=kdhvofèk]ikB~;&lkexzhbR;kfnegÙoiw.kZvkèkkjksaijfdlhdksfpaxlaLFkkudkpqukodjukpkfg;sA

flfoylsokijh{kkvius foLr`rikB~;ØerFkk ikB~;ØedhifjorZu'khyçÑfrdsdkj.kns'kdhlclseqf'dyijh{kkvksaesals,dgSA,dfuf'prle;(1½–2o"kZ)esablfoLr`rikB~;ØedksrS;kjdjliQyrklwphesaviukukevafdrdjokukçR;sdfo|kFkhZds le{k ,d pqukSrh gksrh gSA Lrjh; vè;;u lkexzh dh deh]vfèkdrjijh{kdksadhvaxzs”khHkk"kkesalgtrkbR;kfn,slsdkjdgSaftldsdkj.kfgUnhekè;edsvH;FkhZ1000vadksadslkekU;vè;;uç'ui=kesavkSlru80–100vadksadkuqdlku>syrsgSabldkj.k

vaxzs”kh Hkk"kk

blisijdkiw.kk±d300gSftlesaDokyhiQkbaxvad75 (25%) fu/kZfjrfd;kx;kgSAç'uksadkiSVuZeksVsrkSjijfuEukuqlkjgksxk& 1-Comprehension of given passages(cks/xE;rk) 2-Précis Writing(laf{kIrys•u) 3-Usage and Vocabulary('kCnç;ksxo'kCnHk.Mkj) 4-Short Essay(y?kqfuca/)

uksV%

zl Hkkjrh;Hkk"kkvksavkSjvaxzs”khdsç'ui=k(ç'ui=k d*,oaç'ui=k^•*)eSfVªdqys'kuvFkokled{k Lrjds gksaxs ftuesadsoyvgZrkçkIrdjuhgksxhAbuç'ui=kksaesaçkIrvadksadks;ksX;rkØefu/kZfjrdjusesaughafxuktk;sxkAzl mEehnokjksadksDokyhiQkbaxvaxzs”kh,oa,dHkkjrh;Hkk"kkdsç'ui=kksadkmÙkjØe'k%vaxzs”kh,oalacaf/rHkkjrh;Hkk"kkesaghfy•ukgksrkgS(;fnfdlhç'ufo'ks"kesavU;FkkfufnZ"Vugks)Azl lHkhmEehnokjksadsfuca/]lkekU;vè;;urFkkoSdfYidfo"k;dsç'ui=kksadkewY;kadu^Hkkjrh;Hkk"kk*rFkkvaxzs”khdsmuvgZdç'ui=kdslkFkghfd;ktk;sxkijarq]fuca/]lkekU;vè;;urFkkoSdfYidfo"k;dsç'ui=kksaijdsoy,slsmEehnokjdsekeysesa fopkj fd;ktk;sxk]tks buvgZdç'ui=kksa esaU;wurevgZrkekudksads#iesa Hkkjrh;Hkk"kkesa25%rFkkvaxzs”khesa25%vadçkIrdjrsgSaA

fganh ekè;e ls tqM+h leL;k,¡ (Problems associated with Hindi Medium)

vxjvkifganhekè;elsflfoylsokijh{kkdhrS;kjhdjjgsgSarksvkidkslkekU;vè;;ulstqM+hmuleL;kvksadhle>gksuhpkfg;stksfo'ks"k:ilsvkidslkeusvkusokyhgSaA

ewyleL;k;ggSfdlkekU;vè;;u(eq[;ijh{kk)esafganhekè;edsmEehnokjvaxzs”khekè;edhrqyukesadqNuqdlkudhfLFkfresajgrsgSaAvxjvkifdlhHkho"kZdsifj.kkeesavaxzs”khvkSjfganhekè;edsmEehnokjksadslkekU;vè;;udsvadksadhrqyuk

djsaxsrksik,axsfdfganhekè;edsmEehnokjvkSlr:ils25–35vadihNsjgtkrsgSaA;ghfLFkfrnksuksaekè;eksadsVkWilZdsvadksadschpHkhfn[kkbZnsrhgSAbldkdkj.k;gughagSfdvk;ksxtkucw>djfganhekè;edsfo#¼dksbZlkft'kdjrkgSAnjvly;guqdlkuijh{kkiz.kkyhdhvkarfjdizÑfrdsdkj.kgksrkgSAbluqdlkudsdqNfo'ks"kdkj.kgSa]tSls& 1.igykdkj.k;ggSfdvaxzs”khesaftlLrjdhikB~;&lkexzh

feyrhgS]BhdoSlhfganhesaughafeyikrhA;gleL;kmu[kaMksaesa”;knkfodjkygSftuesajks”k&jks”kubZ?kVuk,¡?kVrhgSavkSjosfganhv[kckjksaesa;krksNirhugha]vkSjNirhHkhgSarkscgqrdkepykÅ<axlsA,sls[kaMksaesafoKku&rduhd]varjkZ"Vªh;eqísrFkkvFkZO;oLFkkizeq[kgSaAxkSjrycgSfdbu[kaMksadsfy;sfdrkcksa]if=kdkvksavkSj^tuZYl*esaghugha]baVjusVijHkhfganhesacjkcjLrjdhikB~;&lkexzhughafeyikrhA

2.nwljkdkj.k;ggSfdcgqrlsijh{kdvaxzs”khesa”;knklgtgksus(vkSjfganhesadelgtgksus)dsdkj.kfganhdsmEehnokjksadhvfHkO;fDrlsiwjkrkyesyughacSBkikrsAosfganhekè;ele>rsrksgSa]ijfganhesadhxbZizHkkoiw.kZvfHkO;fDr;ksadkeeZxzg.kughadjikrsA;gleL;kmu[kaMksaesal?ku:iesafn[krhgSftuesaikfjHkkf"kd;krduhdh'kCnkoyhdk”;knkiz;ksxgksrkgSvkSj,sls'kCnksadsfganhvuqoknijh{kdksadsfy;snqcksZèkgksrsgSaA,sls[kaMksaesaHkwxksy]vFkZO;oLFkk]i;kZoj.kvkSjfoKku&rduhddksizeq[krkSjij'kkfeyfd;ktkldrkgSA

3.dHkh&dHkhiz'ui=kesavuqokndhxyrhlsHkh,slkuqdlkugkstkrkgSAè;kuj[kukpkfg;sfdewyiz'ui=kvaxzs”khesacuk;ktkrkgSvkSjfganhesamldkvuqoknfd;ktkrkgSAvxjvuqokndfdlhrduhdh'kCndkvuqokniqLrdksaesaizpfyrvuqoknlsvyx:iesadjns;kfdlheqgkojsnkjvfHkO;fDrdkslVhd:iesaule>ikusdsdkj.kvFkZdkvuFkZdjnsrksmldhxyrhdhl”kkfganhekè;edsmEehnokjksadksHkqxruhiM+rhgSA

bldsvykok];gHkhughaHkwyukpkfg;sfdlk{kkRdkj(Interview)esaHkhfganhekè;edsmEehnokjdbZckjuqdlkuesajgrsgSaA

n`f"V gh D;ksa\

eSaus fucaèk rFkk lk{kkRdkj dh rS;kjh esa fodkl fnO;dhfrZ lj dk ekxZn'kZu fy;k FkkA esjh liQyrk esa ;g ekxZn'kZu dkiQh lgk;d jgkA

&izselq[k Msyw (IPS, xqtjkr dkMj)

20

i{kesaugksA,slhfLFkfresan`f"VizcaèkufdlhHkhvè;kiddkscnyldrkgSAgekjhLi"VuhfrgSfdfo|kfFkZ;ksadksloZJs"Bvè;kidghfeyuspkfg;saA

vè;kiu iz.kkyh (Teaching Methodology)^nf"V*dh,dfo'ks"kvè;kiu&iz.kkyhgStksbls'ks"klaLFkkvksals

vyxdjrhgSAblvè;kiuiz.kkyhdhdqNfo'ks"krk,¡fuEufyf[krgSa&zl gekjs;gk¡fdlhHkhVkWfiddksfcukle>s;kndjus;kjVusdhlykgughanhtkrhcfYddksf'k'kdhtkrhgS fdgjfo|kFkhZewyèkkj.kkvksa(Basic Concepts)dksle>srFkkvkRelkr~djsAVkWfiddksle>ysusdscknmldhvkèkkjHkwrtkudkfj;ksadksLej.kdjukdfBuughajgrkgSvkSjfo|kFkhZ?kqek&fiQjkdjiwNstkusokysiz'uksadsmÙkjnsusesaHkhlgtrkeglwldjrkgSA

zl gekjsvè;kidd{kkesafo|k£Fk;ksadksfliZQfy[kokrsjgusesafo'oklughadjrsD;ksafdmlesafo|kfFkZ;ksadkcgqrlkjkle;vuqRikndrjhdsls[kpZgksrkgSAbldsLFkkuijgekjsvè;kid[kqnfoLrruksV~lrS;kjdjdsfo|kfFkZ;ksadksnsrsgSarkfdmUgsavyxlsoqQNfo'ks"kui<+ukiM+sAd{kkesaosfcanqfy[kok,tkrsgSatksmlle;fdlhdkj.klsppkZesagSa;kfof'k"Vfo'ys"k.kdhekaxdjrsgSaA

zl d{kkesagjVkWfidijfoLr`rojkspdppkZgksrhgSAgkL;&O;aX;]euksjatuvkSj O;kogkfjdmnkgj.kksadklgtiz;ksxdjrsgq,fo|kfFkZ;ksadksvoèkkj.kk,¡le>kbZtkrhgSaA

zl ohfM;ks]izkstsDVjvkSjbaVjusVtSlhrduhdhlqfoèkkvksadsiz;ksx}kjkdksf'k'kdhtkrhgSfdvewrZfo"k;ksadksHkhn`';ksa@fp=kksavkfnds:iesafn[kkdjfo|kfFkZ;ksadsfnekxesacSBkfn;ktk,A

zl fo|kfFkZ;ksadks;gvfèkdkjgSfdosviuhftKklkvksadslekèkkudsfy;svè;kidksalslokyiwNldsaAgekjslHkhvè;kidksadhdksf'k'kjgrhgSfdosfo|kfFkZ;ksadhfo"k;lslacafèkrlHkhftKklkvksadkslarq"VdjsaAzl vxjfdlhfo|kFkhZdksi<+k,x,fo"k;esafdlhvoèkkj.kk]?kVuk;krF;dslacaèkeasdksbZlansggksrkgS;kle>usesaleL;kvkjghgSrksbldk;ZesalaLFkkudhvdknfedliksVZVhefo|kfFkZ;ksadhenndjrhgSAzl ijh{kkesaigysiwNstkpqdsrFkkHkfo";esalaHkkforiz'uksadksd{kkdhppkZvksaesa,d”k:jhlanHkZdhrjg'kkfeyfd;ktkrkgSrkfdfo|kFkhZfliZQèkkj.kkvksadksle>usrdlhferujgsacfYd;gHkhle>safdmUgsaviusvftZrKkudksijh{kkesadSlsiz;qDrdjukgS\dfBuiz'uksadsmÙkjksadh:ijs[kkijfo'ks"kppkZgksrhgSrFkkmÙkjksadsizk:ify[kok,tkrsgSaAlkFkgh]fo|kfFkZ;ksadksLo;adfBulsdfBuiz'uksadsmÙkjfy[kusdsfy;sizksRlkfgrfd;ktkrkgSAzl vè;kiu&iz.kkyhdsvarxZrblckrdkHkhè;kuj[kktkrkgSfdd{kkdhppkZvksaesavuko';dHkVdkougksrkfdl=kiwoZfuèkkZfjr;kstukdsvuqlkjiwjkfd;ktkldsA

çfro"kZflfoylsokijh{kkdsifj.kke;gcrkrsgSafd^n`f"V*laLFkkulkekU;vè;;uds{ks=kesafgUnhekè;evH;fFkZ;ksadsfy;s,dek=kfodYigSAflfoylsokdhrS;kjhdsnkSjkufgUnhekè;edsvH;fFkZ;ksadsle{kvkusokyhleL;kvksadksè;kuesaj[kdjgeus,dlexzvdknfeddk;ZØerS;kjfd;kgStksfdn`f"VdksvU;laLFkkuksalsvyxvkSjcsgrjcukrkgSAgekjslexzvdknfeddk;ZØedhfuEufyf[krfo'ks"krk,¡gSa&

lkekU; vè;;u ds izfr gekjk n`f"Vdks.k (Our approach towards General Studies)

lkekU;vè;;udsegÙodksle>rsgq,^n`f"V*dku”kfj;k;ggS fdbls iwjs foLrkjvkSjxgjkbZdslkFk i<+ktkukpkfg;sA gep;ukRedvè;;u(Selective Study)dsi{kesaughagSaAvktdyiz'ui=kdhizÑfr,slhgSHkhughafdp;ukRedvè;;udjdsliQygqvktkldsA;ghdkj.kgSfdgekjsd{kkdk;ZØeesalkekU;vè;;udsikB~;Øeesa'kkfeyizR;sdVkWfiddhrS;kjhdjkbZtkrhgS]dksbZHkhVkWfidNksM+kughatkrkAblhfy;sgekjklkekU;vè;;u(izkjafHkdrFkkeq[;ijh{kk)dkl=kyxHkx18eghuksa rdpyrkgStcfdvfèkdka'kvU;laLFkk,¡mls8ls10eghusghi<+krhgSaA

bldsvykok]gekjk;gHkhekuukgS fdizkjafHkdvkSjeq[;ijh{kkdsfy;slkekU;vè;;udhrS;kjhla;qDr:ilsdhtkuhpkfg;s]ufdvyx&vyx_D;ksafd,dkèk[kaMdksNksM+nsarkslHkhVkWfidnksuksaijh{kkvksaesaiwNstkrsgSaAvarjfliZQ;ggSfdizkjafHkdijh{kkesavR;aru”knhdhotfVyfodYiksadschplgh fodYipquuk gksrk gS tcfd eq[; ijh{kk esa mlls tqM+s i{kksa (izèkkur%lelkef;doO;kogkfjdi{kksa)ijvius'kCnksaesafy[kukgksrkgSAnwljs'kCnksaesadgsarksizkjafHkdijh{kkesamEehnokjdhlw{ele>vkSjlVhdtkudkfj;ksadkijh{k.kgksrkgStcfdeq[;ijh{kkesabudslkFk&lkFkys[ku&dkS'kydkHkhAcsgrj;ghgSfdmEehnokjtksHkhVkWfidi<+s]mls,dghckjesa blrjglsi<+ys fdognksuksapqukSfr;ksadklkeukdjusesaleFkZgkstk,Agekjkewyfo'okl;ghgSfdlkekU;vè;;udhrS;kjhla;qDr:ilsdhtkuhpkfg;sA

gekjk vè;kid lewg (Our Faculty Members)

^nf"V*dsikllclscM+hiwathJs"Bvè;kidksadhgSAgeusvè;kidksadsp;udhizfØ;kcsgndfBuj[khgSftlesadbZpj.kksadksiwjkdjusdscknrFkkfo|kfFkZ;ksads^iQhMcSd*dsvkèkkjijghvè;kidksadhfu;qfDroLFkkf;Rodkfu.kZ;gksrkgSAblp;uizfØ;kdsvkèkkjijgekjs;gk¡lkekU;vè;;udsizR;sd[kaMdsfy;sfo'ks"kKvè;kidfu;qDrfd;sx,gSatksviuhlw{ele>]O;kidtkudkfj;ksarFkkjkspdizLrqrhdj.kdsfy;sfo|kfFkZ;ksaesavR;aryksdfiz;gSaAgekjsvè;kidlewgdk[kaM&okjifjp;dk;kZy;lsizkIrfd;ktkldrkgSA

Ñi;kè;kunsafddHkh&dHkh(vR;arfojyifjfLFkfr;ksaesa),slhfLFkfrculdrhgSfdfo|kfFkZ;ksadk^iQhMcSd*fdlhvè;kidds

&euh"k dqekj (IPS, flfDde dkMj)

21

zl vkerkSjij]izR;sdlIrkgdsnkSjku6fnud{kkvksadkvk;kstugksrkgSAizR;sdjfookjdksvodk'kfn;ktkrkgS]gkyk¡fd;gvfuok;ZughagSAvxjfdlhcSpesaikB~;ØefuèkkZfjr;kstuklsihNsjgtkrkgSrksmlxfrdkscuk,j[kusdsfy;sjfookjdksfof'k"Vd{kkvksadkvk;kstufd;ktkldrkgSAè;kunsafdvodk'knsukgekjhizkFkfedrkughagSAizkFkfedrk;ggSfdikB~;ØeBhdrjhdslsvkSjfuèkkZfjrvofèkdsHkhrjiwjkgksukpkfg;sA

zl dksf'k'kdhtkrhgSfdizR;sdl=kesagjlIrkgtk¡p&ijh{kkdkvk;kstufd;ktk,AbldkykHk;ggksrkgSfdfo|kfFkZ;ksadksviuhrS;kjhdsLrjdkfujarjvuqekugksrkjgrkgSA

ikB~;&lkexzh (Study Material)

^n`f"V*dslkekU;vè;;udk;ZØedk,degÙoiw.kZ fgLlk^ikB~;&lkexzh*(Study material)lslacafèkrgSAgekjhvè;kiu&izfofèkblfopkjijfVdhgSfdfo|kfFkZ;ksadksviuhvksjlsdelsdeesgurdjuhiM+sAblfy;sgekjhdksf'k'kjgrhgSfdfdlhfo"k;esafo|kfFkZ;ksadksftrukvè;;udjusdh”k:jrgks]mruhikB~;&lkexzhgeLo;arS;kjdjdsmUgsansrsjgsaAbllsmUgsaiqLrdksaovU;lzksrksaijfuHkZjughajgukiM+rkA

fo|kfFkZ;ksadksfn;stkusokysuksV~lvR;aroSKkfudrjhdslsrS;kjdjok,tkrsgSaAfo|kFkhZvklkuhlsdfBuladYiukvksadksle>djmUgsa vkRelkr dj ldsa blds fy;s uksV~l esa ekbaM eSi] cqysV~l]ÝykspkVZ]Lej.kh;rF;bR;kfndkHkhç;ksxfd;ktkrkgSAbuuksV~ldslkFkfo|kfFkZ;ksadksçfrekg^n`f"VdjsaVvisQ;lZVqMs*dheSxthurFkkiwjsl=kdsnkSjkun`f"VifCyds'kUldh18iqLrdsa fu%'kqYdmiyCèkdjkbZtkrhgSaA

xkSjrycgSfdikB~;&lkexzh&fuekZ.klslacafèkrgekjsys[kdolaikndlewgesayxHkx300iw.kZdkfydlnL;gSaA bulHkhdksflfoylsokijh{kkdkO;fDrxrrFkkyackvuqHkoizkIrgSA;slnL;ubZikB~;&lkexzhdsfuekZ.kdslkFk&lkFkblckrdkHkhè;kuj[krsgSafdigyslsekStwnlkexzhdksle;dslkFk^viMsV*djrsjgsaA

lelkef;d eqn~nksa ij v|ru tkudkjh (Updates on Current Issues)

lkekU;vè;;uesalelkef;d?kVukvksadksviMsVdjrsjgukvfuok;ZgSA;ghog{ks=kgStgk¡fganhekè;edsmEehnokjvaxzs”khdhrqyukesafiNM+tkrsgSaAn`f"VusblleL;kdkspqukSrhdhrjgfy;kgSAblpqukSrhdklkeukgefuEufyf[kr5LrjksaijdjrsgSa&zl geviusfo|kfFkZ;ksadsfy;s^n`f"VdjsaVvisQ;lZVqMs*ukels,dekfldif=kdkizdkf'krdjrsgSaAflfoylsok,oafofHkUujkT;ksa dh ih-lh-,l- ijh{kk (izkjafHkd ,oa eq[; ijh{kk rFkklk{kkRdkj)dsfy;s;g,dlaiw.kZif=kdkgSA

zl fganhdsfofHkUuv[kckjksavkSjif=kdkvksaesadbZvPNsys[kNirsgSaftUgsai<+uslsO;kidvkSjLoLFkn`f"Vdks.kdkfuekZ.kgksrk

l= dh vofèk rFkk Øe (Duration and Order of Batches)zl n`f"VdklkekU;vè;;udk iQkmaMs'ku&l=k*(izkjafHkdoeq[;ijh{kkdkla;qDrl=k)yxHkx415d{kkvksadkgksrkgSAizR;sdd{kk2.5ls3?kaVsdhvofèkdhgksrhgSAiwjkl=kyxHkx18ekgrdpyrkgSA

lkekU; vè;;u (izkjafHkd o eq[; ijh{kk l=k) esa fofHkUu [kaMksa dh d{kkvksa dh la[;k

bfrgkl$dyk,oalaLÑfr 85 d{kk,¡Hkkjrh;vFkZO;oLFkk 60 d{kk,¡Hkwxksy]vkinkizca/urFkki;kZoj.k,oaikfjfLFkfrdh 80 d{kk,¡Hkkjrh;lekt,oalkekftdU;k; 35 d{kk,¡varjkZ"Vªh;laca/ 35 d{kk,¡lkekU;foKkurFkkfoKku,oarduhdh 50 d{kk,¡vkarfjdlqj{kk 10 d{kk,¡xous±llslacaf/reqís 10 d{kk,¡Hkkjrh;jktO;oLFkk 50 d{kk,¡

dqy d{kk,¡ (yxHkx) 415 d{kk,¡uksV% mi;qZDrd{kkvksadsvfrfjDrdjsaVvisQ;lZdhyxHkx30d{kk,¡ HkhvU;d{kkvksadslekukUrjpysaxhAlkFkghuSfrdrk]lR;fu"BkvkSjvfHk#fp(,fFkDl)dhyxHkx100vkWfM;ks&ohfM;ksd{kk,¡(MkW-fodklfnO;dhfrZljdh)HkhvU;d{kkvksadslekukarjpysaxhA,fFkDllslacafèkr'kadkvksadklekèkkufodklljLo;afu;fervarjkyijdjsaxsA

zl pw¡fdiQkmaMs'kul=kyxHkxMs<+o"kZdhvofèkrdpyrkgS]blfy;sbldsdk;ZØeesamuijh{kkvksadkfo'ks"kè;kuj[kktkrk gStks bldhvofèkds nkSjkuvk;ksftrgksus okyh gSaAmnkgj.kdsfy;s]blesaizkjafHkdijh{kkdsle;yxHkx1ekgdkvodk'kfn;ktkrkgSrkfdijh{kknsusokysfo|kFkhZfuthLrjijuksV~l;kiqLrdksadksnksgjkldsaAbldsvykok]izkjafHkdijh{kklsigysd{kkesaos[kaM”k:jiwjsdjkfn;stkrsgSaftulsblijh{kkesaiz'uiwNstkrsgSaA,sls[kaMksaesabfrgkl]Hkwxksy]vFkZO;oLFkk]jktO;oLFkkrFkklkekU;foKkuizeq[kgSaAizkjafHkdijh{kkdsckndsfy;sfliZQogh[kaMNksM+stkrsgSaftudklacaèkeq[;ijh{kklsgS]tSlsvarjkZ"Vªh;lacaèk],fFkDlisijbR;kfnA

zl lHkhl=kksaesafofHkUu[kaMksadkØeblrjgfuèkkZfjrfd;ktkrkgSfdu,fo|kFkhZdksleL;kugksvkSjogØfed:ilsljylsdfBu[kaMksadhvksjc<+sAvkjaHkesabfrgkl]jktO;oLFkktSls[kaMi<+k,tkrsgSavkSjvFkZO;oLFkkoHkwxksydqNcknesaAvarjkZ"Vªh;lacaèkksalsigysfo'o&bfrgklofo'odsHkwxksydhlaf{kIri"BHkwfe”k:jnhtkrhgSrkfdfo|kFkhZfofHkUutkudkfj;ksaesarkyesycSBkldsAdksf'k'kdhtkrhgSfd,dle;esa,d;knks[kaMghi<+k,tk,¡rkfdfo|kfFkZ;ksadksekufldLrjijmy>u;kHkVdkodklkeukudjukiM+sA

esjs p;u esa lcls cM+h Hkwfedk fodkl fnO;dhfrZ lj ds lkfuè; dh jgh gSA eSaus dsoy ^nf"V n fo”ku* laLFkku ds uksV~l i<+sA blds vykok nf"V dh dk fu;fer :i ls vè;;u fd;kA bl dM+h esa ^nf"V* }kjk izeq[k lekpkj&i=kksa (fgUnh o vaxzs”kh) ds Hkkokuqoknksa dh miyCèkrk us fgUnh&vaxzs”kh ekè;e ds varj dks nwj djus esa cM+h Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA eSa lkSHkkX;'kkyh jgk fd ijh{kk ds rhuksa pj.kksa esa ^n`f"V laLFkku* us le; ds vuqdwyre iz;ksx esa esjh enn dhA &iznhi dqekj (IRS)

22

gSAfo|kfFkZ;ksadsiklbrukle;ughagksrkfdoslHkhv[kckjns[kldsavkSjpquldsafddkSulsys[kmUgsai<+uspkfg;savkSjdkSulsugha\geizR;sdianzgfnuij(eghusesa2ckj)fofHkUufganhv[kckjksavkSjif=kdkvksadsLrjh;ys[kksadkladyudjrsgSavkSjlHkhfo|kfFkZ;ksadksmiyCèkdjkrsgSaAys[kksadslkFk;glwpukHkhvafdrgksrhgSfdbulsfdl&fdlrjgdsiz'uiwNstkldrsgSa\lhèkhHkk"kkesadgsarksgeviusfo|kfFkZ;ksals;gvis{kkHkhughaj[krsfdosfu;ferrkSjijv[+kckji<+saA;gdk;ZHkhmudsfy;sgekjsvdknfedlewgdslnL;djrsgSavkSjmUgsav[kckjksadk^lkj*miyCèkdjknsrsgSaA

zl fganhekè;edsfo|kFkhZvkerkSjijvaxzs”khdsizfrf"Brv[kckjksa(tSls^nfgUnw*]^bdksukWfedVkbEl*]^bafM;u,Dlizsl*]^VkbElvkWiQbafM;k*vkfn)vkSjif=kdkvksa(tSls ÚaVykbu*] bdksukWfed,.MikWfyfVdyohdyh*]^oYMZiQksdl*bR;kfn)esaizdkf'krgksus okysvPNsys[kksa ls oafpr jgtkrs gSa ftldkuqdlkulkekU;vè;;udsvadksaesalkiQ>ydrkgSAblvarjkydksHkjusdsfy;sgelHkheÙoiw.kZvaxzs”khv[kckjksavkSjif=kdkvksadsvPNsys[kksadklgtfganhesavuqokndjkrsgSavkSjeghusesayxHkx25–30egÙoiw.kZys[kviusfo|kfFkZ;ksadksmiyCèkdjkrsgSaA

zl lkekU;vè;;uesavPNsvadykusdsfy;svko';dgSfdvkifdrkcksavkSjuksV~ldsvykokçfrfnudh?kVukvksalstqM+usdsfy;sbaVjusVijmiyCèkvPNsys[kksadksi<+rsjgsavkSjvPNhfMcsV~ldkslqursjgsaAbaVjusVijmiyCèkvfèkdka'kys[kvkSjfMcsV~lvaxzs”khesagksusdsdkj.kfgUnhekè;edsvH;FkhZbldkleqfpriQk;nkughamBkikrsgSaAbuleL;kvksadkslqy>kusdsfy;sn`f"VlaLFkkudhosclkbVwww.drishtiias.comvkidsfy;sdkiQhmi;ksxhlkfcrgksxhAblesaPIB/PRS vkSjvaxzs”khHkk"kkdsçeq[klekpkji=kksatSls^nfgUnw*]^bafM;u,Dlçsl*bR;kfnesaçfrfnuçdkf'kr[kcjksavkSjvkfVZdydkfu;fer:ilsfgUnhesafcUnqokjrjhdslsfo'ys"k.kçLrqrfd;ktkrkgSAyksdlHkkvkSjjkT;lHkkVhohdhfgUnhvkSjvaxzs”khdhfMcsV~l

vkSjfMLd'kaldksljyvkSjlgt:ilsfcUnqokjrjhdslsfo'ysf"krfd;ktkrkgSAblosclkbVijlkekU;vè;;udslHkh[kaMksads fy;sviMsfVMvè;;ulkexzhi;kZIrek=kkesamiyCèkjgrhgStksvkidhrS;kjhdksviMsVj[ksxhAzl vkWfM;ksvkSjohfM;ksdsekè;elsvkidhrS;kjhdksiw.kZrknsusdsmís';lsgeusDrishti IAS–You tubepSuyHkhçkjaHkfd;kgSAblesavkWfM;ksvkfVZdy]VwnikWbaV]dkWUlsIVVkWd]LVªSVth]VkWilZO;wbR;kfndk;ZØepyk,tkjgsgSaAbulcç;klksalsgekjhiwjhdksf'k'k;gh jgrhgS fd fgUnh

ekè;edsvH;FkhZdksfgUnhesaxq.koÙkkiw.kZvè;;ulkexzhlgtvkSjljyHkk"kkesaçkIrgksftllslkekU;vè;;uç'ui=kesafgUnhvkSjvaxzs”khekè;evH;fFkZ;ksadsvadksadkvarjkylekIrgksldsA

tk¡p&ijh{kk,¡ rFkk mÙkj&ys[ku vH;kl (Tests and Answer-writing Practice)

laLFkk dh dksf'k'k jgrh gS fd izR;sd l=k esa lkIrkfgd rkSj ij 1 ;k 2 tk¡p&ijh{kk,¡ vk;ksftr gksrh jgsarkfdfo|kfFkZ;ksadksviuhizxfrdkLrjle>usvkSjlqèkkjusdsi;kZIrvoljfeyldsaA

izkjafHkdijh{kkdsfy;s,drjglsjks”kghtk¡pijh{kkgksrhgSD;ksafdizR;sdvè;k;dsuksV~ldslkFkfo|kfFkZ;ksadksvH;kldsfy;s20–30oLrqfu"Biz'ufn;stkrsgSaAbldsvykok]lkIrkfgd@ikf{kdrkSjijvk;ksftrdhtkusokyhtk¡p&ijh{kkvksaesavks-,e-vkj-'khVdkiz;ksx fd;ktkrk gS rkfd fo|kfFkZ;ksadkokLrfodijh{kkdkiwokZH;klHkhgksrkjgsA

eq[;ijh{kkdsfy;sys[ku&'kSyhdkfodkldjusdhpqukSrhizeq[kgksrhgSAbldsfy;sgekjsiklnksj.kuhfr;k¡gSa& (i)eq[;ijh{kkdsvH;kldsfy;sizR;sdeghusesanks;krhutk¡p

ijh{kk,¡vk;ksftrdhtkrhgSaA(ii)dksbZHkhfo|kFkhZviusLrjijmÙkj&ys[kudkvH;kldjldrk

gSftldsewY;kadudhO;oLFkklaLFkkdjrhgSAgekjhvdknfedVheesa50,slsiw.kZdkfydlnL;gSaftudknkf;Rofo|kfFkZ;ksadsmÙkjksadkewY;kadudjukvkSjmUgsami;qDrlq>konsukgSA

lkekU;r% iwNs tkus okys iz'u (FAQs)

lkekU;vè;;urFkkflfoylsokijh{kkdslacaèkesadqN,slsiz'ugSatksizk;%gjmEehnokj}kjkiwNstkrsgSaAfo|k£Fk;ksadhlqfoèkkdsfy;s,slsiz'uksadsmÙkj;gk¡fn;stkjgsgSa& 1. lkekU; vè;;u dh rS;kjh dc 'kq: dj nsuh pkfg;s\

'kq#vkr esa dkSu&lh iqLrdsa i<+uh pkfg;sa\u,ikB~;ØedhizÑfr,slhgSfdLukrdLrjdsnkSjkugh

rS;kjh'kq:djnsuhpkfg;s]gkyk¡fdvxjfdlhusmlle;rS;kjhughadhgSrksHkh?kcjkusdhvko';drkughagSA

vkjafHkdLrjij,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-dhiqLrdksadksi<+ktkldrkgSysfdu;gvfuok;ZughagSAvxjvkidsiklçkjafHkdijh{kkdsfy;sdele;cpkgSrksmlesa;gO;kogkfjd:ilsmfprughagSfdvkid{kk6ls12rddh,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-dksi<+saA;gk¡ijfo'ks"k:ilsdgukpkgrsgSafdge,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-dsegÙodks[kkfjtughadjjgsgSaAgeclvkidks;gcrkukpkgrsgSafdd{kk6ls12rddh,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-dksdele;esarS;kjdjusdsvkSjHkhoSdfYidrFkkdkjxjrjhdsgSaAvxjvkin`f"Vdsfo|kFkhZ

liQyrk dk igyk Js; rks n`f"V laLFkku] fo'ks"k rkSj ij fodkl fnO;dhfrZ lj dks gh tkrk gSA eSaus viuh rS;kjh ds fy;s ^n`f"V n fo”ku* laLFkk

ls ekxZn'kZu fy;k FkkA tc eSaus rS;kjh 'kq: dh Fkh rc eq>s ijh{kk] lkekU; vè;;u ;k fdlh Hkh fo"k; ds ckjs esa cgqr de tkudkjh FkhA ,slh

fLFkfr esa n`f"V laLFkku dh vè;;u lkexzh vkSj vPNs vè;kidksa dh Vhe us gh eq>s liQyrk fnykus esa enn dhA &xfjek frokjh (IAS)

23

gSarksvkidsoygekjsDykluksV~ldksi<+sa;siwjhrjg,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-dksdojdjrsgSabldscknvkin`f"VifCyds'kUl}kjkfofHkUufo"k;ksaijçdkf'kr8fDodcqdÜkà[kykdksi<+tk,¡AfdlhHkhfo"k;esaDykluksV~l,oamlfo"k;dhfDodcqddks[kRedjusdsi'pkr~viuhrS;kjhdksij[kusdsfy;svkin`f"VdhosclkbVijtkb;sogk¡ij,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-VScrFkkçkjafHkdijh{kkVScesatkdjç'uksadksgydjdsvkiviuhrS;kjhdkewY;kadudjldrsgSaA 2. izkjafHkd rFkk eq[; ijh{kk ds lkekU; vè;;u ds fy;s dkSu&lh

iqLrdsa i<+uh pkfg;sa\vxjvki n`f"V*dslkekU;vè;;u(izkjafHkdrFkkeq[;ijh{kk)

dk;ZØeesa'kkfeygSa;kgksusokysgSarkslaHkor%vkidks,dHkhiqLrddh”k:jrughaiMs+xhAgedksf'k'kdjrsgSafdviusfo|kfFkZ;ksadksbruhikB~;&lkexzhnsnsafdmUgsaiqLrdksaijfuHkZjujgukiMs+A

vxjvkin`f"Vdsfo|kFkhZughagSarksfuEufyf[kriqLrdksalsvè;;udjukmi;qDrgksxkA

n`f"V ifCyds'kUl dh ‘Quick Book’ Ükà[kyk dh yksdfç; iqLrdsa&zl Hkkjrh;bfrgkl,oajk"Vªh;vkanksyuzl Hkkjr,oafo'odkHkwxksyzl Hkkjrh;lafo/ku,oajktO;oLFkkzl i;kZoj.k,oaikfjfLFkfrdhzl Hkkjrh;vFkZO;oLFkkzl lkekU;foKkuzl dyk,oalaLÑfrzl foKku,oaçkS|ksfxdhgekjh ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- Üka[kyk dh iqLrdas&zl Hkkjrh;bfrgkl(NCERT Through Questions)

zl Hkkjr,oafo'odkHkwxksy(NCERT Through Questions)

zl lkekU;foKku(NCERT Through Questions)

n`f"V ifCyds'kUl dh vU; iqLrdas&zl lkekU;Kkuzl fuca/&n`f"Vzl Hkkjr % lkjlaxzgzl vk£Fkdifjn`';zl VwnikWbaVzl esUldSIlwyzl djsaVvisQ;lZVqMsôk£"kdh*zl fo'obfrgkl

zl vkbZ-,-,l-izhfyEllkWYOMisilZzl vkbZ-,-,l-esUllkWYOMisilZzl f}rh;iz'kklfudlq/kjvk;ksxfjiksVZzl ;w-th-lh-usV@tsvkj,iQ@LysVzl rdZ'kfDrzl lhlSVzl xf.krbR;kfnA

blds vfrfjDr fo"k;ksa ds fy;s vki fuEu iqLrdksa dk ykHk mBk ldrs gSa&

Hkkjrh;lekt & jkevkgwtklkekftdleL;k,¡ & jkevkgwtkvarjkZ"Vªh;laca/ & riufcLoky

buiqLrdksadsvykokHkwxksydsfy;s^vkWDliQksMZrFkkvksfj,aVykaxeSu,Vyl*_varjkZ"Vªh;eqíksadsfy;sôYMZiQksdl*]îzQaVykbu*rFkk^nfganw*_ foKkuvkSjlelkef;d?kVukØeds[kaMksads fy;s^n`f"VdjasVvisQ;lZVqMs*dksvo';ns[ksaA 3. lkekU; vè;;u dh rS;kjh ds fy;s dkSu&ls v[kckj rFkk

if=kdk,¡ i<+uk csgrj gksxk\flfoylsokijh{kkdhrS;kjhdhn`f"Vlsfganhesa^nSfudtkxj.k*

jk"Vªh;laLdj.kBhdv[kckjgSApkgsarks^tulÙkk*Hkhi<+ldrsgSa]ijljdkjfojksèkhjk;dksviusmQijgkohugksusnsa]larqfyrjk;cukusdhdksf'k'kdjsaAvxjvkidhvaxsz”khvPNhgSrks^nfganw*dsys[ki<+ukvPNkgksxk_ijvxjvkimUgsaui<+ikrsgksarks”;knkrukouysaA

if=kdkvksaesavki^n`f"VdjsaVvisQ;lZVqMs*dksi<s+aAflfoylsok,oafofHkUujkT;ksadhih-lh-,l-ijh{kk(izkjafHkd,oaeq[;ijh{kkrFkklk{kkRdkj)dslkekU;vè;;u,oafucaèkiz'u&i=kdslelkef;di{kdsfy;s;g,dlaiw.kZif=kdkgSA 4. lkekU; vè;;u dh rS;kjh ds fy;s baVjusV dk iQk;nk dSls

fy;k tk ldrk gS\dqNljdkjhosclkbVksa(fo'ks"kr%HkkjrljdkjdsfofHkUuea=kky;ksa)

ijfgUnheasv|ru(updated)lkexzhfeytkrhgSftlsfujarjns[krsjgukpkfg;sAbldsvykokvkidksnf"VdhosclkbVwww.drishtiias.

comijHkhfu;fer:ilstkukpkfg;stgk¡ijPIBrFkkvaxzs”khHkk"kkdsçeq[klekpkji=kksatSls&nfgUnw]bafM;u,DlçslbR;kfndslekpkjksa,oavkfVZdydkçfrfnufgUnhesaljyvkSjfcUnqokjrjhdslsfo'ys"k.kfn;ktkrkgSAbldsvykokbllkbVijlkekU;vè;;udsçkjafHkdvkSjeq[;ijh{kklslacafèkrç'uHkhçfrfnuviyksMfd;stkrsgSaAvkWfM;ks@fofM;ksdsekè;elsvkidhrS;kjhdkslaiw.kZcukusdsfy;snf"Vus;w&V~;wcpSuyHkhçkjaHkfd;kgSftlesavkWfM;ksvkfVZdy]VwnikWbaV]dkWUlsIVVkWd]VkWilZO;w]LVªSVthbR;kfndk;ZØepyk,tkjgsgSaAè;kuj[ksafdbaVjusVijlVhdlkexzh<wa<ukvklkuughagksrkAlkFkgh]baVjusVdkiz;ksxdjrsle;è;kuHkVdusdhi;kZIrvk'kadkgksrhgSAblfy;s]mldkiz;ksxvuq'kkludslkFkdjsaxsrkscsgrjgksxkA 5. D;k lkekU; vè;;u ds u, ikB~;Øe dh rS;kjh vius vki

dh tk ldrh gS\ vxj gk¡ rks dSls\thgk¡];geqf'dyrksgSijvlaHkoughaAvxjvkifofHkUu

[kaMksaesa fufgrvoèkkj.kk,¡viusvkile>ldrsgSa]lelkef;drF;ksadksmulstksM+ldrsgSa]vaxzs”khesamiyCèklkexzhdksle>djfganhesaizLrqrdjldrsgSavkSjbaVjusVlsmi;qDrlkexzh[kkstldrsgSarksMs<+lsnkso"kZdhvofèkesavkilkekU;vè;;udhrS;kjhviusLrjijdjldrsgSaA 6. lkekU; vè;;u (eq[; ijh{kk) eas fganh ekè;e ds mEehnokj

fdl izdkj vPNs vad yk ldrs gSa\ D;k dksbZ ,slk rjhdk gS fd os lkekU; vè;;u esa vaxsz”kh ekè;e ds mEehnokjksa ls u fiNM+sa\

eq>s lk{kkRdkj gsrq ^n`f"V n fo”ku* ls fodkl fnO;dhfrZ lj dk ekxZn'kZu çkIr gqvkA laLFkku esa fn;s Nn~e&lk{kkRdkj ls vfHkO;fDr esa lqèkkj

gqvk ,oa vkRefo'okl esa c<+ksÙkjh gqbZA lkFk gh] ^n`f"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* if=kdk o laLFkku ds uksV~l Hkh vè;;u esa vR;ar lgk;d fl¼ gq,A

n`f"V ds fucUèk ds uksV~l ls Hkh dkiQh enn feyhA n`f"V laLFkku dh ekWd VsLV lhjh”k esa fn;s VsLV Hkh lgk;d jgsA&vftrs'k eh.kk (IRS)

24

fucaèk % ,d ifjp;

fucaèkç'ui=knks[k.Mksaesac¡VsgksrsgSaAçR;sd[kaMesa4–4fo"k;fn;sgksrsgSavkSjijh{kkfFkZ;ksadksbunksuksa[k.Mksaesals,d&,dfo"k;ijfucaèkfy[kukgksrkgSAçR;sdfucaèkdsfy;s'kCn&lhek1000lsysdj1200'kCnfuèkkZfjrdhxbZgSvkSjçR;sdfucaèkdsfy;s125–125vadfuèkkZfjrfd;sx,gSaAblçdkjfucaèkç'ui=kdqy250vadksadkgSAflfoylsokdhrS;kjhdjusokysvH;fFkZ;ksadschpfucaèkdksysdjlclscM+hnqfoèkk;gjgrhgSfdfucaèkvkf[kjD;kgSvkSjblesagelsD;ktkuusdhdksf'k'kdhtkrhgS\blfy;s;gvko';dgkstkrkgSfdijh{kkFkhZlclsigys;gle>safdfucaèkD;kgksrkgSvkSjfucaèkç'ui=kesavfèkdlsvfèkdvadfdlçdkjçkIrfd;stk,¡\

vxjlhèks'kCnksaesadgsarksfucaèkgekjsO;fDRodkvkbZukgksrkgSAfucaèkç'ui=kdsihNsla?kyksdlsokvk;ksxdkmís';gekjsKkudsijh{k.klsvfèkdgekjs O;fDRodsijh{k.kdkgksrkgSA fucaèkys[kuesagekjs}kjk'kCnksadkp;ugekjhlaosnu'khyrk],dflfoylsodds:iesagekjhbZekuknkjhvkSjmís';ksadsçfrn`<+rk,oauSfrdrkdkstkfgjdjrkgSA

fucaèkç'ui=kesatksnks[kaMgksrsgSamuesalsigys[kaMesalkekU;rkSjijvewrZvkSjnk'kZfudfdLedsfo"k;ijfucaèkiwNktkrkgSvkSjnwljs[kaMesalwpukvkèkkfjrfo"k;iwNstkrsgSaAvewrZonk'kZfudfdLedsfo"k;ksaesatgk¡fo"k;dkfo'ys"k.k]fo"k;dsçfrgekjhle>vkSjfo"k;dksçLrqrdjusdkgekjku”kfj;kegÙoiw.kZgksrkgSAoghalwpukvkèkkfjrfo"k;ksaesagesarF;vkSjfo'ys"k.kdkfeyk&tqyk:içLrqrdjukgksrkgSAysfdutSlkfdgeusÅijppkZdhgS]fucaèkç'ui=kesavc,dcM+hpqukSrhfuèkkZfjr'kCnlhek(1000ls1200'kCnksa)esafucaèkesaiwNsx,fo"k;dslHkhi{kksadksçLrqrdjusdhgSA blds fy;s”k:jhgkstkrkgS fdge fn;sx, fo"k;dhewy&vkRekdksigpkusavkSjfiQjvko';dfo"k;&oLrqdksfuèkkZfjrle;o'kCn&lhekesaçLrqrdjsaAvewrZfdLedsfo"k;ksaesagekjsikl;gLora=krkgksrhgSfdgefo"k;dksviusvuqlkjifjHkkf"krdjldrsgSa]tSlsla?kyksdlsokvk;ksx}kjkiwNkx;kfd^tcvFkZcksyrkgSrclR;ekSugkstkrkgS*Ablfo"k;ijgevFkZvkSjlR;dhifjHkk"kk,¡vkSjmudsfofHkUuvk;keviusfglkclsfuèkkZfjrdjldrsgSaAysfdutcfucaèkdkfo"k;bllsfHkUuçÑfrdkgks]tSls&

fucaèk

lkekU;vè;;udsç'ui=kesafgUnhekè;edsvH;FkhZmfprj.kuhfrdslkFklghfn'kkesadhxbZrS;kjhrFkkfu;fermÙkjys[kuvH;kllsvPNsvadykldrsgSaAlkekU;vè;;uesavPNsvadykusdsfy;svko';dgSfdvH;FkhZlkekU;vè;;udsikB~;ØedksvPNhrjglsle>ysAbldscknvH;FkhZlkekU;vè;;udsLVSfVdHkkxtSlsbfrgkl]dyklaLÑfr]lafoèkku]HkwxksybR;kfn[kaMksadkscrkbZxbZikB~;lkexzhlsxaHkhjrkiwoZdvè;;udjsaALVSfVdHkkxdsi'pkr~vH;FkhZlkekU;vè;;udsMk;ufedHkkxtSlsvarjkZ"Vªh;lacaèk]vFkZO;oLFkk]vkarfjdlqj{kk]'kkluç.kkyhbR;kfn[kaMksadhladYiukvksadkscrkbZxbZLrjh;lkexzhlsle>djblslekpkji=kksa]Drishtiias osclkbV ,oa n`f"V ;w V~;wc pSuy ij miyCèklkexzhls fu;fer:ilsviMsVdjrs jgsA,fFkDldsisijdsfy;sn`f"VdsuksV~l,oaf}rh;ç'kklfudlqèkkjvk;ksxdhfjiksVZi<+sa,oadslLVMh”kdkfu;fervH;kldjsaAfgUnhekè;edsdbZvH;fFkZ;ksauscrkbZx;hj.kuhfrlslkekU;vè;;uesa'kkunkjvadçkIrfd;sgSaA 7. u, ikB~;Øe ds ckn bl ijh{kk dh rS;kjh ds fy;s fdlh

u, mEehnokj dks dqy fdruk le; pkfg;s\u,ikB~;ØelsvxjlkekU;vè;;udkcks>c<+kgSrks,d

oSdfYidfo"k;dkcks>deHkhgqvkgSAdqyfeykdj]vHkhHkh

mrukghle;pkfg;sftrukigysyxrkFkkA,dlsMs<+o"kZdhxaHkhjrS;kjhdscknmEehnokjliQygksusdhvk'kkdjldrkgSA 8. ijh{kk esa le;&izcaèku lcls cM+h pqukSrh cu tkrk gSA mlds

fy;s D;k fd;k tkuk pkfg;s\

bldsfy;svkiizkjafHkdijh{kklsigysekWd&VsLV Ük`a[kykesaHkkxysasvkSjgjiz'ui=kesaijh{k.kdjsafdfdloxZdsiz'ufdrusle;esagksikrsgSaA”;knkle;ysusokysiz'uksadksigysghigpkuysaxsrksijh{kkesale;cckZnughagksxkAckj&ckjvH;kldjuslsxfrc<+kbZtkldrhgSA 9. D;k lHkh iz'uksa dks vks-,e-vkj- 'khV ij ,d lkFk Hkjuk

pkfg;s ;k lkFk&lkFk Hkjrs jguk pkfg;s\

csgrjgksxkfd4–5iz'uksadsmÙkjfudkydjmUgsa'khVijHkjrstk,¡Agjiz'udslkFkmlsvks-,e-vkj-'khVijHkjusesa”;knkle;[kpZgksrkgSAnwljhvksj]dHkh&dHkh,slkHkhgksrkgSfddbZmEehnokjvaresa,dlkFkvks-,e-vkj-'khVHkjukpkgrsgSaijle;dhdehdsdkj.kmlsHkjghughaikrsA,slhnq?kZVuklscpusdsfy;slghrjhdk;ghgSfdvki4–5iz'uksadsmÙkjksadks,dlkFkHkjrspysaA

uksV% blh rjg ds vU; iz'uksa ds mÙkj vki gekjh osclkbV www.drishtiias.com ls çkIr dj ldrs gSaA

eSaus n`f"V laLFkku ds MkW- fodkl fnO;dhfrZ lj ls ekxZn'kZu fy;k Fkk] esjh liQyrk esa budk egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku gSA fodkl lj ls ppkZ djus

ds nkSjku dkiQh dqN lh•us dks feykA n`f"V laLFkku }kjk fgUnh ekè;e esa csgrjhu ikB~; lkexzh miyCèk djkbZ tk jgh gS] blds fy;s n`f"V

ifjokj dk cgqr&cgqr èkU;oknA &èkoy tk;loky (IAS, 2015 esa mPp LFkku ij p;fur)

esjh liQyrk esa n`f"V vkbZ,,l dk egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku jgk gSA eSaus ^n`f"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* if=kdk ls ,fFkDl&dsl LVMh”k vkSj fucaèk dk

vè;;u fd;k gSA esUl ds nkSjku cjrh tkus okyh lkoèkkfu;ksa ds lacaèk esa fodkl lj dh lykg ykHkçn jghA ^n`f"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* vkt

fgUnh ekè;e dh çfl¼ eSx”khu cudj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk ekxZn'kZu dj jgh gSA&voèk fd'kksj iokj (IAS, 2015 esa mPp LFkku ij p;fur)

25

flfoylsokijh{kkesaliQyrkdsfy;sftruhHkwfedki<+kbZdhgksrhgSyxHkxmruh;kmlls”;knkblckrdhgksrhgSfdvkiusijh{kktSlseqf'dyfLFkfr;ksaesaLo;adksfdruhckjij[kkvkSjlqèkkjkgSAvH;fFkZ;ksadksBhdijh{kkdsekgkSyvkSjoSlsghç'ui=kdslkFkckj&ckjtk¡pusdsfy;sgeuso"kZ2012lsVsLVlhjh”kdk;ZØeçkjaHkfd;kFkkAbldk;ZØedsvarxZrçkjafHkdvkSjeq[;ijh{kkdsigysVsLVdkvk;kstufd;ktkrkFkkAblVsLVlhjh”kdk;ZØedhliQyrkrFkkfo|kfFkZ;ksadhcsgnekaxijvcgeiwjso"kZçkjafHkdvkSjeq[;ijh{kkdhVsLVlhjh”kdk;ZØedkvk;kstudjjgsgSaAblVsLVdk;ZØeesaHkkxysdjvkiudsoyviusçkjafHkdvkSjeq[;ijh{kkdsikB~;Øedksvklkuhlsdojdjik,axsAoju~ijh{kkdsnkSjkuviusLVªsl]VkberFkkLihMdkcsgrjeSustesaVdjik,axsAlkekU;vè;;udkVsLVdk;ZØefgUnhvkSjvaxzs”khekè;evH;fFkZZ;ksadsfy;sleku:ilsmiyCèkgSAgekjsVsLVdk;ZØedsvU;vkd"kZ.kfuEufyf[krgS&zl ijh{kkdhuohureço`fÙkdsvuqlkjç'ui=kksadkfM”kkburS;kjfd;kx;kgSA

VsLV lhjhT+k dk;ZØezl çR;sdVsLVdsi'pkr~foLr`rmÙkjiqfLrdkmiyCèkdjkbZtk,xhA

eq[;ijh{kkdsekWMymÙkjksaesage'kCnlhekdkfo'ks"kè;ku

j[krsgSaAeq[;ijh{kkdsbuekWMymÙkjksadslkFkgeç'ufoPNsn

(;fnvko';dgks)gydjusdkn`f"Vdks.k]mÙkjlslacafèkr

vfrfjDrlwpukrFkklanHkZHkhmiyCèkdjkrsgSarkfdçR;sdVsLV

dsi'pkr~vH;fFkZ;ksadsmÙkjys[kudkS'kyesaxq.kkRedo`f¼gks

tksfdgekjkçeq[kè;s;gSA

zl mÙkjiqfLrdkvksadkewY;kadufo"k;fo'ks"kKrFkkp;furmEehnokjksa

ds}kjkfoLr`rleh{kkdslkFkdjk;ktkrkgSAlefiZrfo'ks"kK

nydslnL;tk¡phxbZmÙkjiqfLrdkvksadkiqujh{k.kdjrsgSaA

zl çkjafHkdijh{kkVsLVlslacafèkrfo|kFkhZviusçn'kZudhfoLr`r

fjiksVZn`f"Vdseksckby,iijHkhns[kldrsgSaAftlesaLdksj

dkMZ]jSad]VkbeeSustesaV]dEis;j;ksjlsYiQ]fMfiQdYVhbR;kfn

lsD'kuijtkdjvH;FkhZviusçn'kZudkfo'ys"k.kdjldrsgSaA

D;kdkWeuosYFkxseesaHkkjrdksipklindfeyldrsgSa\,slsfo"k;rF;vkSjfo'ys"k.knksuksadhvis{kkdjrsgSaAijarqvkidks,dckrLi"V:ilsle>ysuhpkfg;sfdfucaèkrF;ksadkdksjkladyuek=kughagScfYdlwpuk]Hkk"kkvkSjHkkodkçokg]fo'ys"k.krFkkKkudklkeatL;gS_tgk¡fdlh,di{kesaegkjrgkflydjysusek=klsughacfYdiwNsx,fo"k;dsçR;sdi{kdkslarqfyr:ilsçLrqrdjdsghliQyrkgkflydhtkldrhgSA

fucaèkdhrS;kjhvkf[kjdSlsdhtk,\;g,dcM+klokygStksmEehnokjksadsle{kvk[kM+kgksrkgSA,dcsgrjfucaèkfdlh,dfdrkcdksi<+us;kdksbZ,diQkWewZyktkuysuslsughacfYdfo"k;ksadhxaHkhjle>vkSjfujarjvH;kllsghfy[kktkldrkgSAlkFkgh]cnysgq,ikBÔØedseísu”kjgjijh{kkFkhZdks;gckrvPNhrjglsle>ysuhpkfg;sfdogfucaèkdsç'ui=kdksgYdsesauysD;ksafdeq[;ijh{kkikldjusdslkFk&lkFkvkidsvafrep;uesa,dvPNk fucaèk fu.kkZ;dHkwfedk fuHkkldrkgS]D;ksafdiwjhijh{kkesa;ghog{ks=kgStgk¡lsvkiviuhjpukRedrkvkSjekSfydrkdscycwrsliQyrkdhmM+kuHkjldrsgSaA

gekjk ekxZn'kZu dk;ZØefucaèkdsç'ui=kesavkicsgrjvadçkIrdjldsa]bldsfy;s

n`f"VlrRk~:ilsç;kljrgSAfucaèkç'ui=kesaekxZn'kZudsfy;s

laLFkkuçfro"kZ6-8d{kk,¡rFkk24tk¡pijh{kk,¡vk;ksftrdjrkgSAfucaèkç'ui=kdsfy;slapkfyrekxZn'kZudk;ZØedhvfèkdka'kd{kk,¡MkW-fodkl}kjkghlapkfyrdhtkrhgSa]tcfddqNsdfo"k;fof'k"Vi{kksaijppkZdjusdsfy;slacafèkrfo"k;dsvè;kidmiyCèkjgrsgSaAbud{kkvksaesa]fucaèkdsfofHkUui{kksa@fo"k;ksadsçfrvH;fFkZ;ksadhxgjhle>dkfodklfd;ktkrkgSAfucaèkys[kulslacafèkrjpukReddkS'kyodYiukRed{kerkdsfodklijfo'ks"k”kksjfn;ktkrk gSA blds vfrfjDr] bu d{kkvksa esa fiNys o"kks± esa iwNs x,egÙoiw.kZfucaèkksadkvH;klHkhdjk;ktkrkgSAcsgrjfucaèkys[kudh{kerk,dfnuesaughavkrhgSbldsfy;sfujarjys[ku&vH;kldhHkh”k:jrgksrhgSAblckrdksè;kuesaj[krsgq,n`f"V}kjkiwjso"kZfucaèkdh,dVsLVlhjh”kdkvk;kstufd;ktkrkgSAçfrekgvk;ksftrdhtkusokyhblVsLVlhjh”kesala?kyksdlsokvk;ksxdsiSVuZijç'uiwNstkrsgSa]ijh{kkdscknbuç'uksadsekWMymÙkjHkhvkidksnsfn;stkrsgSaA,DliVZVhe}kjkvkidsmÙkjksadkewY;kadufd;ktkrkgS,oavkidks;gHkhcrk;ktkrkgSfdvkidsfucaèkesaD;kdehjgh]vkidkde”kksji{kD;kgS]vkifdu&fdu{ks=kksaesacsgrjdjldrsgSa]rFkkvkidsorZekuLrjesavkSjvfèkdlqèkkjdSlsfd;ktkldrkgS\bldsvfrfjDr]fucaèkdhd{kkdjusokysvH;fFkZ;ksadksfiNysVkWilZ}kjkfy[ksx,fucaèkHkhfn;stkrsgSaA

&Hkokuh flag (jktLFkku flfoy lsok 2016 esa loksZPp LFkku)

n`f"V ds ohfM;ks@vkWfM;ks ysDpj ls lelkef;dh dh rS;kjh dhA eSaus ^n`f"V djasV viQs;lZ VqMs* if=kdk dk fu;fer ikBu fd;k gSA esjh rS;kjh dh jkg esa n`f"V eSx”khu] n`f"V vkWfM;ks@ohfM;ks ysDpj dk ekxZn'kZu cgqr egÙoiw.kZ FkkA ljy Hkk"kk 'kSyh] mRÑ"V 'kCnksa dk p;u] fo"k;ksa dk xgu fo'ys"k.k] lVhd okD; fuekZ.k] v|ru fo"k;ksa dh vko';d tkudkfj;k¡ ;s lHkh n`f"V eSx”khu ds vkèkkj gSaA eSa lHkh mEehnokjksa dks ;g if=kdk (ekfld) fu;fer i<+us dh lykg nwaxhA &fnO;k oS".ko (CGPSC 2016 esa f}rh; LFkku)

26

flfoylsokijh{kkdkrhljkvkSjvafrepj.klk{kkRdkjgksrk

gSftlesaeq[;ijh{kkesaliQymEehnokjksadsO;fDrRodkijh{k.k

fd;k tkrk gSA blesa mEehnokjksa dh lR;fu"Bk] ekufld lrdZrk]

rkfdZdfo'ys"k.k{kerk]lkekftdlkeatL;dkS'kyvkSjusr`Ro{kerk

dsxq.kksadksij[kktkrkgSAlk{kkRdkjesaurksçkjafHkdijh{kkdhrjg

lghmÙkjdsfy;sfodYigksrsgSavkSjugheq[;ijh{kkdhrjg

viuhlqfoèkklsç'uksadsp;udhlqfoèkkAblesalk{kkRdkjcksMZds

lnL;ksa }kjk mEehnokj ls ekSf[kd ç'u iwNs tkrs gSa ftldk mÙkj

mEehnokjdksekSf[kd:ilsghnsukgksrkgSAçkjafHkdvkSjeq[;

ijh{kkdhrjglk{kkRdkjdkdksbZfuf'prikB~;ØeughagksrkgSvr%

blesaiwNstkusokysç'uksadknk;jkdkiQhO;kidgksrkgSAmEehnokjksa

dsp;udhvafrefyLVeq[;ijh{kkvkSjlk{kkRdkjdsvadksads;ksx

dsvkèkkjijrS;kjdhtkrhgSAeq[;ijh{kkdsvadksa(1750 vad)

dhrqyukesalk{kkRdkjdsvadksa(275vad)dkHkkjvo';de

fn[kkbZiM+rkgS]ysfduvafrep;uvkSjinfuèkkZj.kesalk{kkRdkjds

vadksadhfo'ks"kHkwfedkgkstkrhgSA

pw¡fdlk{kkRdkjdsekè;elsmEehnokjdsO;fDrRodksij[kk

tkrkgSvr%bldhrS;kjhthouds'kq#vkrhpj.klsghfujarj

pyrhjgrhgSAO;fDrRofuekZ.kesa?kj]Ldwy]dkWystesamEehnokj

dks feysvuqHkovkSjvoljegÙoiw.kZHkwfedk fuHkkrsgSaAysfdu

blls;gvFkZughafudkyukpkfg;sfdvkidslk{kkRdkjdhrS;kjh

dkWyst[kRedjrsghiwjhgksx;hvkSjvcmlsrS;kjdjusdh

vko';drkughagSA;gckrr;gSfdmEehnokjdsO;fDrRodk

fodklftlHkhLrjijgqvkgS]vxjog;kstukc¼vkSjO;ofLFkr

rS;kjhdjsxkrksviusLrjijlkekU;r%feyusokysvadksaesadqN

vadksadkbtkiQkrksdjghysxkAmnkgj.kdsfy;s;fnmEehnokj

dkO;fDrRovR;arfodflrgSvkSjfcukrS;kjhdsHkhog275esa

ls175vadykusdhdkfcfy;rj[krkgSrks;gfuf'prgSfd

j.kuhfrdrS;kjhdjusijog190–210vadksadhifjfèkdksNw

ysxkAflfoylsokijh{kkesavafrep;uvkSjinfuèkkZj.kesa,d&,d

vaddhegÙoiw.kZHkwfedkgksrhgS]vr%blvkèkkjijlk{kkRdkj

dhrS;kjhdksu”kjvank”kdjukj.kuhfrdHkwygksxhA

geeq[;ijh{kkdsifj.kkedsrqjarckn fu%'kqYdlk{kkRdkjekxZn'kZudk;ZØeçkjaHkdjrsgSaAgekjslk{kkRdkjekxZn'kZudk;ZØedhçeq[kfo'ks"krk,¡fuEufyf[krgSa&zl gekjk lk{kkRdkj dk;ZØe çR;sd vH;FkhZ ds de”kksj vkSje”kcwri{kdksè;kuesaj[kdjcuk;ktkrkgSAftlesagelHkhvH;fFkZ;ksadsfy;s,dj.kuhfrijugha]vfirqçR;sdvH;FkhZdsfof'k"VO;fDrRodksè;kuesaj[kdjvyx&vyxj.kuhfrijdk;ZdjrsgSaA

zl geizR;sdvH;FkhZdsfy;smldsck;ksMkVk(vdknfedi`"BHkwfedsfo"k;]#fp;k¡]x`gjkT;,oatuinbR;kfn)lsiz'uiwNstkusokys laHkkfor {ks=kksa dh ,d foLr`r lwph rS;kj djrs gSaAvfrlaHkkfor]lkekU;laHkkforrFkkdelaHkkforiz'uksads:iesafoHkkftr;glwphizR;sdvH;FkhZdsfy;svyx&vyxgksrhgSAgebuiz'uksadslkFkfo'ks"kKksa}kjkfu£erlarqfyrmÙkjHkhvkidksmiyC/djkrsgSaAge;gnkokughadjrsfdlk{kkRdkjesaiwNstkusokyslHkhiz'ugekjhifjfèkesagksaxsysfduge;gnkok”k:jdjrsgSafdvkidslk{kkRdkjdk50ls70izfr'krfgLlkgekjs}kjkvkidsck;ksMkVklslq>k,x,{ks=kksalsghgksxkA

zl okLrfodlk{kkRdkjdsfnuvkilgt,oavkRefo'oklls;qDrgksabldsfy;sgeekWdbaVjO;wdkHkhvk;kstudjokrsgSaftlesalsokfuo`Ùkflfoylsod]O;fDrRofodklfo'ks"kK]euksoSKkfudrFkkfo"k;fo'ks"kK'kkfeygksrsgSaAgeblbaVjO;wdhfjdkW²MxdjmldkohfM;ksvH;FkhZdks miyC/djkrs gSa] rkfdogviuhde”kksfj;ksadhigpkudjmUgsanwjdjldsA

zl ekWdbaVjO;wdsi'pkr~izR;sdvH;FkhZlsmldsbaVjO;wdslanHkZesaO;fDrxrppkZdhtk,xhAftlesamldse”kcwrvkSjde”kksji{kksadkscrk;ktk,xkrFkkmude”kksfj;ksadksnwjdjusdsmik;Hkhlq>k,tk,axsA

zl la?kyksdlsokvk;ksxmEehnokjksals;gvis{kkj[krkgSfdfdlhfo"k;ijmudkn`f"Vdks.k,drjiQkugksdjlarqfyrvkSjizxfr'khygksAgeviusekWdVsLVbaVjO;wesablckrdkfo'ks"kvH;kldjokrsgSafdfooknkLineqíksaijvH;FkhZdkfu"d"kZlarqfyr]izxfr'khyrFkklekos'khgksA

lk{kkRdkj

jkT; o la?k yksd lsok vk;ksx dh ijh{kkvksa dh n`f"V ls ^n`f"V djsaV visQ;lZ VqMs* if=kdk eq>s cgqr mi;ksxh yxhA ;g if=kdk lelkef;d

?kVukØe ds fo"k;ksa esa vkidh le> c<+kus ds lkFk gh lkFk ml fo"k; ij cgqvk;keh n`f"Vdks.k dk l`tu djrh gSA bl if=kdk dk fucaèk o

ekWd baVjO;w [k.M reke MkmV~l dks fDy;j djus esa lgk;d gSA &foosd ;kno (UPPCS, 1st Rank)

zl ijh{kkfFkZ;ksadhlqfoèkkuqlkjçkjafHkdijh{kkVsLVdk;ZØeDykl:e ,oa vkWuykbu rFkk eq[; ijh{kk VsLV dk;ZØe Dyklsl]vkWuykbuoiksLVyi¼fr}kjkmiyCèkgksaxsAzl fo|kfFkZ;ksadkscsgrjfn'kkfunsZ'kçnkudjusdsfy;sçR;sdç'ui=kgsrqVsLVdsUnzijlefiZrfo'ks"kKny}kjkvkidh'kadkvksadk

fuokj.kçR;{k:ilsfd;ktkrkgSAlkFkgh];glqfoèkkVsyhiQksuvkSjbZ&esy}kjkHkhmiyCèkgSA

zl çR;sdtk¡pijh{kkdsi'pkr~vf[kyHkkjrh;jSa¯dxvkidsçn'kZu

dsewY;kaduesaHkhlgk;dgksxhA

32

fgUnhekè;eesavcrddkloZJs"BjSad

fdj.kdkS'ky

3rd Rank 5th Rankvt;feJk

10th Rankyksds'kdqekj¯lg

13th Rankiznhijktiqjksfgr

13th Rankfu'kkartSu

33rd Rankxaxkflag

vk'kh"kdqekj eukstdqekjjkor fgeka'kq;kno lanhidqekjeh.kk Hkwisanzjkor f'koflagehuk deys'kehuk xkSjodqekjflag d`".kdkarikBd canukizs;'kh 'osrkfla?ky Jheu'kqDyk

r#.kjkBh lwfiQ;kiQk#dh jktdey;kno uhfyek mfnrizdk'k ¯dty¯lg 'kphUæizrki¯lgdkS'kysUæfoØe¯lg eqDrkuanvxzoky cynsoiq#"kkFkZ uhrwdqekjhizlkn uFkeyfMMsy

eqds'kdqekj czãnsofrokjh n;kfuèkkuikaMs; euh"kdqekj jkts'kizèkku vkækZvxzoky jes'koekZ vf'ouheqnxy ujsaæeh.kk fefFkys'kfeJk xks¯ont;loky vfHk"ksd¯lg

jkgqyjatuefgokyèkuat;¯lgHknkSfj;kfxjojn;ky¯lg dkukjke f'kYikxxZ nhidvkuan :cyxqIrk vk'kh"k¯lg laxhrkrsrjoky MkW-foØkarikaMs; d`".kkoktis;h lhekf=kikBh

foosdvxzoky nhfivxzoky vt;dqekj efurkefyd czts'klar vfHk"ksd¯lg iq"isaædqekj izfrHkkikfjd J¼ktks'kh nhido.kZoky lqèkka'kqèkjfeJ eksfgrvxzoky

vthrolar oSHkoJhokLro vouh'kdqekj'kj.k v'kksdeh.kk furh'kdqekj vuwidqekj¯lg eukstdqekj iznhidqekj jkuwlkgw vferdqekj xkSjoxkaèkh uhyejkuh

lk{khxxZ jkthodqekjpkS/jh cchrkjkuhLoSu vkfnR;dqekj>k lksuy iznhidqekjf}osnh vk'kqrks"k'kqDyk yk[kuflag;kno fodkleh.kk vfuydqekj;kno fot;flagxqtZj fodkllqaMk

eqds'kdqekjyquk;rpsrudqekjeh.kk gsesanzdqekjeh.kk v{k;dqekjVsejkoky dkarktkafxM fcØexaxokj v'kksddqekj vfuydqekjoekZ jrunhixqIrk iadtdqekjeh.kk ioudqekj;kno fuys'kdqekjds'kjh

jfooqQ-flgkx vfnR;oqQ->k gjh'kadj fny[kq'kehuk txnh'kckaxjok txnh'koqQekj jkgqyoqQ-flag 'khryoqQekjh deys'kehuk HkkjreukstiQrsflag feaVwykyehuk lfpuoqQekj

lquhyoqQekj nsosanzizdk'kehuk czteksguehuk vuqiehuk psrjkeehuk fl¼kFkZoqQ-ehuk foosdoqQ-nkslkn T;ksfr'kekZ vfu#¼dqekj vjfoanizrkiflag fnus'kdqekj;kno vt;dqekj;kno

fiNys Ms<+ n'kd ls yxkrkj fgUnh ekè;e dk loZJs"B ifj.kke

74th RankiznhioqQ-f}osnh

think ias drishti ifjp; iqflrdk - drishti ias coaching in delhi, best … · 2019. 8. 20. ·...

Documents