thực tập tham quan

7/31/2019 Thc tp tham quan

1/19

TRNG I CNG NGHIP TP H CH MINH

VIN KHOA HC CNG NGH & QUN L MI TRNG

Nh my xl nc thi Bnh Hng (thuc Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin

Thot nc th, ng Phm Hng, x Bnh Hng huyn Bnh chnh, Tp.HCM.

Lp : NCMT3A

Nhm : 6

GVHD : Th.S Cao Th Thy Nga

Th.S ng Th Bch Hng

SVTH : Quch i D

MSSV : 09101701

Tp.HCM, ngy 13 thng 4 nm 2012

THC TP THAM QUANBO CO


2/19

Bo co thc tp tham quan Nh my xl nc thi Bnh HngGVHD: Th.S Cao Th Thy NgaTh.S ng Th Bch Hng

SVTH: Quch i D Lp: NCMT3A2

NHN XT CA GING VIN


3/19



1.Tng quan v nh my xl nc thi Bnh Hng.

Nh my xl nc thi Bnh Hng l mt nh my xl nc thi c cng

sut ln nht Tp.HCM hin nay, vi cng sut t 141.000 m3

/ngy. Nh my p dngnhng cng ngh xl nc hin i v tn tin nht, trong bao gm cng ngh x l

bn hot tnh ci tin.

Nh my c xy dng vo thng 11/2004 vi vn u t ODA (Nht Bn)

l 100 triu USD. Din tch lu vc l 824,8 ha cho 425.830 ngi v sau khi x l ch

tiu BOD 50 mg/l v SS 100 mg/l (t ch tiu loi B, TCVN 5945:2005).

Nh my phn u n nm 2020 nng cng sut x l ln thnh 512.000

m3/ngy p dng cho 1.390.282 ngi. Cht lng nc u ra sau khi xl, hm lng

BOD 20 mg/l v hm lng SS 50 mg/l.

Nh my hin ti bao gm: nh bo v, ca xnc, trm bm nng (3 bm

chm, tng cng sut 133,3 m3/pht), nh x l bn (s cp v th cp), nh kho, nh

phn, nh iu hnh chnh, khu x l (10 b lng s cp, 10 b sc kh, 10 b lng th

cp), nh kh trng (4 b kh trng).

1.1 Lch s hnh thnh:

Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin Thot nc th TP. H Ch Minh:

- Tin thn l Cng ty Chiu sng - Va h - Thot nc thuc S Nh t v Cng

trnh cng cngc thnh lp theo Quyt nh s 47/Q-UB ngy 29/4/1980

cayban nhn dn TP. H Ch Minh.

- Cng ty Thot nc th l doanh nghip nh nc c thnh lp li(trn c s

chia tch cng ty Chiu sng - Va h - Thot nc) theo quyt nh s 34/Q-UB ngy

26/01/1993 ca yban nhn dn TP. H Ch Minh.

- Cng ty Thot nc th chuyn i thnh Doanh nghip Nh nc hot ng

Cng ch theo quyt nh s 5348/Q-UB-KT ngy 02/10/1997 v quyt nh s

6952/Q-UB-KT ngy 03/12/1997 ca UBND TP.H Ch Minh.
http://void%28window.open%28%27/data/upload_file/Image/congty/qd34.jpg','','resizable=yes,location=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,status=no,toolbar=no,fullscreen=no,dependent=no'))http://void%28window.open%28%27/data/upload_file/Image/congty/qd34.jpg','','resizable=yes,location=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,status=no,toolbar=no,fullscreen=no,dependent=no'))http://void%28window.open%28%27/data/upload_file/Image/congty/qd_5348.jpg','','resizable=yes,location=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,status=no,toolbar=no,fullscreen=no,dependent=no'))http://void%28window.open%28%27/data/upload_file/Image/congty/qd_5348.jpg','','resizable=yes,location=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,status=no,toolbar=no,fullscreen=no,dependent=no'))http://void%28window.open%28%27/data/upload_file/Image/congty/qd_5348.jpg','','resizable=yes,location=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,status=no,toolbar=no,fullscreen=no,dependent=no'))http://void%28window.open%28%27/data/upload_file/Image/congty/qd34.jpg','','resizable=yes,location=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,status=no,toolbar=no,fullscreen=no,dependent=no'))


4/19


5/19



vn hnh cc nh my x l nc thi, 1 x nghip vn hnh trm bm, p ngn triu, 2

x nghip thi cng h tng, 1 x nghip t vn.

2.Ngun gc, thnh phn, tnh cht nc thi u vo.

Nc thi u vo ca Nh my x l nc Bnh Hng a phn l nc thi

sinh hot tcc khu dn c bao quanh nh my, mt phn khc l nc thi t cc nh

my, x nghip, cc c quan chuyn ngnh cc khu vc ln cn.

Nh my xl nc thi Bnh Hng tp trung nc thi t cc qun 1, 3, 4, 5,

8, 10, qun Tn Bnh, qun Bnh Chnh v mt phn ca qun 6.

Thnh phn nc thi u vo m nh my tip nhn, bao gm cc ch tiu

quan trng nh: BOD = 80-300 mg/l, SS = 80-200 mg/l Thnh phn nc thi

u vo cng dao ng cng gy kh khn cho vic vn hnh h thng x l.

Tnh cht nc thi u vo

Trm cn


6/19



3.Quy trnh cng ngh xl.


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4.Cc hng mc cng trnh trong h thng xl.

4.1 Bm nng:

Nh my x l nc cn xy dng thm Trm bm ng Diu nm v tr

giao thoa gia Knh i v Nh my chnh (khu ng Diu, phng 4, qun 8,

Tp.HCM) vi cng sut 30.000 m3/ngy nhm mc ch trung chuyn nc thi t cc

tuyn cng bao trong lu vc knh Tu H - Bn Ngh Knh i Knh T v nh

my xl nc thi Bnh Hng.

Trm bm ng Diu c din tch 0,6 ha, ng kch khong 2200mm v su

15m c xy dng ngoi mc ch trung chuyn nc thi, n cn nhm lm gim chi

ph cho cc ng ng dn nc t cc khu vc a v nh my.

Hin ti, Nh my x l nc thi Bnh Hng c 3 bm chm vi cng sut

mi bm l 66,7 m3/pht. Cc bm chm c xy dng t su 7m ln cao 7m. Mc ch

ca trm bm l a nc thi i vo cc khu x l.


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Trm bm nng

4.2 B lng s cp:

Nc thi t trm bm c dn theo cc ng ng a vo b lng s cp.

Nh my xy dng 10 b lng s cp v chia thnh 2 ngn.

Mi b lng s cp su t 3,5 n 5m v thi gian lu nc khong 30

pht.Mi b c lp thm vi phun ph bt.

Phn bn d trong b lng s cp u l bn d lng c nh my chuyn qua

bc c trng lc (thi gian lu khng qu 4 gi).B lng s cp c dng lng cc loi cn l lng c kch thc ln trong

nc thi nh ct, , si c th gy nguy hi cho cc cng trnh x l pha sau.


9/19



Blng s cp

4.3 B sc kh:

Sau khi i qua b lng s cp, nc thi tip tc c dn sang b sc kh.

Tng t b lng s cp, b sc kh gm 10 bv chia lm 4 ngn.

Thi gian lu nc ca mi b l 2,74 gi. ng ng khuch tn kh bn

trong b vn hnh vi 20% cng sut t mt bn b sc kh theo hng dng nc

chy vo b.Ngn th nht c 1 ng ng sc kh, ngn thhai c 2 ng ng, ngn

thba c 3 ng ng v ngn cui cng chc 1 ng ng sc kh.

Trong ngn th nht ca b sc kh, nh my c lp mt ng ng dn bn

vo lm iu kin tip xc ban u cho vi sinh vt trong nc thi khng b sc ti v

gip cho qu trnh x l ca h thng ddng hn.


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Bn t b lng th cp c th tun hon v tr li b sc kh (khong 25%

bn), phn bn d cn li c a sang b cha bn d. Do bn u ra ca b lng s

cp l bn kh lng nn chng c a qua thit bc c ly tm (tc quay l 1000

vng/pht).Mc ch ca b lng th cp l lng bn hot tnh

Blng thcp

4.5 Btch nc ly tm:


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Sau khi bn c c c s chuyn sang phn tch nc ra khi bn. Mc

ch l lm gim thtch bn trc khi chuyn sang giai on lm phn Compost.

L do cn thit k bn Polymer l v Polymer c phn ng ha hc l phn ng

trng ngng, l phn ng kt hp nhiu monome to thnh Polymer v mt sn phm ph

(ch yu l nc). M trong cc monome to thnh Polymer c t nht hai nhm chc c

khnng tch nc.

4.8 B khtrng:

Bn ti B lng s cp(1% bn + 99% nc)

Bn d B lng th cp(1% bn + 99% nc)

B lng trng lc

(3% bn + 97% nc)

My c c ly tm

(4% bn + 96% nc)

Bn Polymer

My tch nc ly tm(20% bn + 80% nc)


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Nc thi sau khi x l ca nh my phi c a qua b khtrng trc khi

xra mi trng.Mc ch xy dng b kh trng l loi b cc vi khun gy bnh nguy

him cha c hoc khng th loi b trong qu trnh xl nc thi.

B kh trng ca nh my chia lm 4 ngn v c thit k theo hnh zic-zac.Cht kh trng l nc Javel (Hypochlorit Natri - NaClO), theo TCXD 51-2008 (7.198

trang 79), lng Javel x l nc thi nh my s dng l 3g/m3nc thi v nng

Javel l 12%.

L do nh my s dng Javel lm cht kh trng nc thi v n l mt chtoxy ha mnh hiu qu trong vic ngn chn s pht trin ca cc loi vi sinh, k c tov gip xc. Ngoi ra, Javel rt d sn xut v s dng, gi thnh r, hn chc qutrnh tht thot trong kh s dng.

Bkhtrng

4.7 Lm phn Compost:


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H thng x l nc thi ca nh my sau khi x l sinh ra khong 40 tn

bn/ngy.

Bn sau khi tri qua cng on tch nc, sc chuyn sang nh cha ph.

Sau , bn sc a vo nh ln men s cp. Ti y, bn c phi tri trong 15ngy nhm mc ch lm gim m ca bn.

Nh ln men s cp


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Nh ln men thcp

Sau , bn c chuyn sang nh ln men th cp phn loi m cc loi

bn theo nhiu ngn.Bn sau khi t c yu cu sc vn chuyn i ng dng cho

qu trnh Compost.

Mc ch ca qu trnh ny l tn dng lng bn c nhiu cht hu c lm

phn Compost cung cp cht dinh dng cho cy trnh, hn ch cht thi ra mi trng.

5.Bng thng k lng nc xl ca nh my xl nc thi Bnh

Hng.

Thi gian Lu lng x l Lu lng trungbnh/ngy Ngy thp nht Ngy cao nht

2009 13 814 584 63 553 8 244 187 6532010 32 665 660 89 495 5 136 151 9222011 37 644 575 103 136 36 285 150 213Total 84 124 819


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6.Hnh nh cc vi sinh vt c trong nc thi.

Amoeba

Rotifers


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Ciliate

E.Coli

7.Nhng sc trong khi vn hnh xl nh my.

7.1 Svn hnh tin trnh bn hot tnh:


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- Np dng nhn c kim sot, d dng vn hnh qu trnh x l, hn ch nhng nguy

hi cho cc thit b, my mc. V d khi rt bn ra khi b sc kh, nu rt bn qu chm

s dn n qu trnh phn hy k kh, cn nu rt bn qu nhanh s lm hao tn chi phvn hnh.

-Duy tr lng oxy ha tan v mc trn.Lng oxy cung cp cho b sc kh < 1 mg/l.

Nu lng oxy cung cp ln qu s lm vbng bn, v nu nh qu th qu trnh s

chuyn sang x l k kh.

-Kim sot tc bm bn hot tnh hi chy. Nu lng bn thi b nhiu s khng c

phn cht hu c u vo cho vi sinh vt. Nu lng bn thi b t, cc vi sinh vt

dng si khng i qua b lng c.-Duy tr nng dung dch hn hp thch hp.

7.2 Sc trong khu xl:

Ngay qu trnh nc thi i t b lng s cp b sc kh b lng th cp, nu

xut hin cc cht c trong nc thi. Chng s gy nguy him cho h thng pha sau

hoc nh hng n cht lng bn.

Nh my thit k mt thanh chn ngay bn cnh cc b x l. Khi s c trn

xy ra, ngng ngay qu trnh x l v mli thot nc ra khi ba i kh trng.

Nc u ra b lng th cp rt trong nhng khi i sang b kh trng li c rt nhiu

cn l lng. Trong khi hm lng MLSS b lng th cp th li gim i tng ngy.

Nguyn nhn l do s cthanh chn ngay bn cnh cc b x l lm cho

bn theo ng i vo b kh trng.


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- Tm hiu tng quan v nh my xl nc thi Bnh Hng

- Ngun gc, thnh phn v tnh cht nc thi u vo

- Quy trnh cng ngh x l ti nh my

- Cc hng mc cng trnh trong h thng x l: chc nng, cu to, nguyn tchot ng, cc thng s k thut (kch thc, slng, vt liu, thi gian lu nc,

lu bn, ....), hnh nh.

- cc thong su vo u ra ca nc thi sinh hot.

- thi gian o t cc thong s ca cc b, h thng.

- Cc thng so c, nh gi hiu qu x l.

- Nhn xt v h thng x l.

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