tìm hiểu về vibrio sp gây bệnh trên thuỷ sản.docx

7/24/2019 Tm hiu v Vibrio sp gy bnh trn thu sn.docx

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CHNG 1: GII THIU

1.1. T VN Ngnh nui trng thy hi sn trn th gii c t rt lu nhng ngnh nui

trng thy hi sn theo hng hin i th!c s! r" #i t nh$ng n%& '()*+ , ch- th.t

s! /0ng n1 t nh$ng n%& 2* 3hi t& gi4ng sn 5ut r" ,i s4 l6ng ln cung c7

cho ng#i nui8 9in n"y nhi:u n;i trn th gii+ ngnh nui trng thy sn "ng /o ,irus+ /nhIndivirus+D = cA+ /nh >o nh& Vibrio sp8+ n&Dgy thit hi

nghi& trEng cho ngnh nui trng thy hi sn8FGt trong nh$ng tAc nhn gy /nh Ang Hu"n t& hin n"y l /nh >o nh&

,i 3huIn Vibriosp8 gy r" cho Gng ,.t thy hi sn Jt&+ cAK8 @hLng c thM gy

/nh Hu" tt cAc gi"i on c" Gng ,.t thy sn , 6c 5e& l ngun g4c gy thit

hi nghi& trEng trn gi4ng thy hi sn8 Nhi:u tr#ng h67 nhi& /nh 6c

7hAt hin = Oustr"li"+ Pn QG+ Rn>onesi"+ Shili77ines+ Qi To"n+ UhAi T"n trn nhi:u

loi thy hi sn 3hAc nh"u8 @Ac s! gi& sLt gBn y trong ngnh nui trng thy hi

sn = Vit N"&+ Pn QG+ W"ngl">esh+ Shili77ines , Urung Xu4c ch yu l >o tAcGng c" nh& ,i 3huIn Vibriosp8

QGng ,.t thy sn nhi& /nh >o ,i 3huIn Vibrio sp8 th#ng c >u hiu /in

%n+ /;i yu+ 5ut hin nh$ng ,0ng thoAi h" & g"n8 F.t G th nui c"o+ thYc %n

giu 7rotein+ &i tr#ng ;ng trYng >i &Yc thu.n l6i to &i tr#ng lZ t=ng

cho Vibrio sp8 , gy r" t[ l cht c"o c thM ln n '**\8]ut 7hAt t th!c trng trn+ 6c s! ch7 nh.n c" ^ho" Fi Ur#ng , @ng

Ngh _inh 9Ec+ chLng ti tin hnh th!c hin : ti `Tm hiu v Vibrio sp.gy

bnh trn thy sna81.2. NI DUNG TM HIU

bii thiu ,: nh& Vibriosp8 gy /nh trong nui trng thy hi sn+ t& hiMu

,: c; ch gy /nh+ cAc 7h;ng 7hA7 chuIn oAn , 7h;ng 7hA7 7hCng ng"+ i:u

tr


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2.1.1. T()* +,- /0/To s! >i >n c" ng#i 9o"8 Uuy nhin+ ,o th 3[ thY

s"u cng nguyn+ >o cA @hf7 3hng 6c 7hf7 nui = Urung Xu4c+ , th cAc loi

cAc loi cA chf7 Urung Xu4c JcA tr?& cj+ cA &k ho"+ &k tr?ngK /?t Bu 6c 7hAt

triMn ;ng nui8 Pn QG+ cAc loi cA tri Pn QG 6c ;ng nui t th 3[ ''8 Urong

3hi + loi cA nc l6 6c nui Bu tin l loi cA F%ng JChanos chanosK ,o th

3[ ' ti Rn>onesi"8 Vit N"&+ ngh: nui thy sn truy:n th4ng 6c /?t Bu tnh$ng n%& '(*8

_! 7hAt triMn nh"nh chng c" ngh: nui thy sn 6c /?t Bu t nh$ng n%&

th.7 nin '(m*8 Qn n"y+ ngh: nui thy sn ,n lin tc 7hAt triMn " >ng ln th&

c"nh h"8 Nu nh n%& '(m*+ t4c G t%ng tr=ng hpng n%& ,: sn l6ng l )+(\+ th

n%& q**+ t4c G t%ng tr=ng l )\8 _! 7hAt triMn nh"nh chng c" ngh: nui

g7 7hBn t%ng t[ l tiu >0ng sn 7hI& thy sn nui trng t *+m 3gng#in%n ,o

n%& '(m* ln m+2 3gng#in%& ,o n%& q**8 _n 7hI& thy sn nui trng chi&\ t1ng sn 7hI& thy sn tiu >0ng hng n%&8 Urung Xu4c+ t[ l ny l (*\8

Urn th gii+ @hu cho sn l6ng thy sn nui trng ln nht+ chi& 2(\

t1ng sn l6ng , mm\ t1ng giA tr< sn 7hI& thy sn nui trng th gii n%& q**8

N%& q**+ t1ng sn l6ng nui trng thy sn th gii l ' triu tn , sn l6ng

3h"i thAc l (q triu tn8 Urong s4 ny+ Urung Xu4c chi& +m\ t1ng sn l6ng

nui+ cAc nc @hu 3hAc chi& qq+2\+ , cAc nc 3hAc cCn li = @hu u+

@hu F+ c+D chi& '*+\8F#i nc Yng Bu th gii ,: sn l6ng nui trng thy sn theo thY t!

g&v Urung Xu4c+ Pn QG+ Vit N"&+ UhAi T"n+ Rn>onesi"+ W"ngl">esh+ @hile+ Nh.t

Wn+ N" wy , Shili77ines8 N%& q**+ sn l6ng nui trng thy sn c" Vit N"&

l '+m triu tn+ Yng thY ) th gii8 Ngh: nui trng thy sn nGi


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,i t[ l sn l6ng th7 2\ nhng cho t[ l giA tr< n '\ >o nui ch yu cAc loi

t& c giA tr< c"o8@; cu nh& loi nui cho thy+ n%& q**+ cA nc ngEt cho sn l6ng c"o

nht l qm+2 triu tn+ t giA tr< q(+ triu w_z Gng ,.t thn &:& , rong /iMn cho

sn l6ng , giA tr< t;ng ;ng nh"u8 Urong 3hi + giA7 5Ac c sn l6ng ch- +

triu tn nhng t giA tr< n 'm+( triu w_8

Hnh 2.1: Sn lng v gi !r" sn ph#$ nu%i !r&ng !h'y sn !h( gi)i *ua cc n+$

,-/ 200.

Hnh 2.2: C3 c4u sn lng v gi !r" cc nh5$ loi !h'y sn nu%i !r6n !h( gi)i 2007,-/ 200.

2.1.2. T/ V/+ N34 Vit N"&+ ngh: nui thy sn c{ng 7hAt triMn rt n%ng Gng8 Ngh: nui thy

sn truy:n th4ng /?t Bu t th.7 nin '(*+ tuy nhin trong ,Cng '* n%& n"y+ ngh:

nui thy sn c t4c G 7hAt triMn rt nh"nh chng8 Uheo th4ng 3 c" WG Uhy sn

Jq**K th n%& '((( c nc c t1ng cGng trn q8'( h"+ t sn l6ng 2*8mm

tn8 N%& q**+ c nc c gBn '8***8*** h" nui thy sn+ t sn l6ng '8)m8)

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2.2. GII THIU V CC TC NHN G! ENH TRFNG NUI TRNG

TH! H"I #"N2.2.1. T *,* J*, +()* +>4

2.2.1.1. Bnh do virus

a. @nh cAi ,B@V Bonodon @aculovirus >c nhDn gDy bnh

UAc nhn gy /nh cCi JFWV Bonodon @aculovirusK l ,irus c cu trLc

nhn J"ci> nucleicK l NO &ch i+ c l7 ,j /"o+ >ng hnh Hue+ c 3xch thc

nhn q ) 5 q ' n&+ 3xch thc ,j /"o m 5 )q )) n&8

Hnh 2.E: >hF virus gDy bnh cAi ,nhuG$ D$: a- b !hF virus 9h%ng

c5 v bao v v bao phJa !r6n ,aK v bao phJa d)i ,bK ,vLch 9M N100n$K c- !hF virus 9h%ng c5 v bao ,vLch 9M N 1O0K 1O0K 70K

P0n$ ,!hQo RraindorgQ -lQgQlT 1.Virus 3Z sinh = t /o /iMu & hnh 4ng g"n ty JHQpa!opancrQasK , t /o

/iMu / 7hx" trc ruGt gi$"+ ,irus tAi sn 5ut /n trong nhn t /o ,.t nui+ /"o

g& cAc gi"i on s"uv+ bi"i on Jti:& InKv _"u 3hi t /o nhi& FWV l gi"i on s& c" t /o cht

/in 1i8+ bi"i on 'v Nhn t /o sng nh+ cAc nhi& s?c thM t"n r" , >i chuyMn r" sAt &ng

nhn8 U /o cht &t >Bn chYc n%ng c" chLng , hnh thnh giEt &8 Virus /?t Bu

gy nh h=ng8+ bi"i on qv Nhn sng nh"nh+ s4 l6ng ,irus t%ng nh"nh+ 5ut hin thM In

Jcclusion /o>iesK trong nhn8+ bi"i on )v U /o /< /nh+ nhn t%ng ln g7 q lBn+ #ng 3xnh /nh th#ng ,

t%ng lBn ,: thM txch8 Wn trong nhn c &Gt n nhi:u thM In+ trong thM In chY" By

cAc ,irus8 @Ac ,irus 7hA hu[ cAc t /o 3Z ch+ ti7 tc >i chuyMn s"ng t /o 3hAc

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ho}c theo cht /i tit r" ngoi &i tr#ng+ to thnh ,irus t! >o tn ti trong /0n ,

nc U4u hiu nhi=$ bnh

^hi t& &i nhi& ,irus FWV+ >u hiu /nh 3hng /iMu hin r rng8 ^hi

t& nhi& /nh n}ng , 7hAt /nh th#ng c /iMu hin &Gt s4 >u hiu s"uv+ U& c &u t4i ho}c 5"nh tAi+ 5"nh 5&8 U& 3f& %n+ hot Gng yu , sinh tr=ng

ch.& Jch.& lnK8+ @Ac 7hBn 7h , ,j 3itin c hin t6ng hoi td+ c nhi:u sinh ,.t /A& J3Z sinh tr0ng

;n /o+ to /A& , ,i 3huIn >ng s6iK8+ b"n ty teo li c &u tr?ng h;i ,ng+ th4i rt nh"nh8+ U[ l cht >n txch+ c"o ti m*\ ho}c c thM t& cht hBu ht trong "o8

Hnh 2.O: Ran !u !%$ sW nhi=$ bnh cAiT Xu4! hin cc !hF #n ,

nhuG$ Xanh$alachi!Q 0TOYT Z200.

?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnhWnh FWV 6c 7hAt hin Bu tin n%& '(2* = n t& sL J?QnauQs

$onodonK " t Qi To"n n nui = Fehico JTightner , ct,+ '(2'+ '(2)K8 Ui7

theo cAc nh nghin cYu 7hAt hin /nh FWV c 5ut 7hAt t Qi To"n+

Shili77ines+ F"l"ysi"+ Solynesi" thuGc ShA7+ _ing"7ore+ Rn>onesi"+ UhAi T"n+ Urung

Xu4c888 @ho n n"y ng#i t" /it /nh FWV 7hn /4 rt rGng riv chu + UhAi

Wnh ;ng+ chu Shi+ &i:n N"& chu u+ chu F8 U& sL J?. $onodonK th#ng

5uyn nhi& /nh FWV , &Gt s4 t& 3hAc c{ng nhi& /nh FWVv?. $QrguiQnsisT

?. sQ$isulca!usT ?. 9Qra!hurusT ?. plQbQ]usT ?.indicusT ?. pQnicilla!usT ?. QsculQn!usT ?.

vanna$Qi Jc 3h n%ngK. Virus FWV nhi& t Sostl"r,"e n t& tr=ng thnh8 Vit N"& thAng '* '''(( W0i Xu"ng U: lBn Bu tin nghin cYu ,:

&Yc G nhi& /nh FWV trn t& sL nui cAc t-nh ,en /iMn 7hx" n"&v U& sL nui

nhi& ,irus FWV 3hA c"ov U& th


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Wnh FWV l &Gt trong nh$ng nguyn nhn gy cht t& = cAc t-nh 7hx" N"& n%&

'(() '((8 Ui7 theo Q Uh< 9o t thAng '''(( m'(( c{ng nghin cYu

/nh FWV trn t& sL nui = cAc t-nh N"& Urung WG+ 3t Hu cho thyv t[ l nhi&

,irus FWV = u tr0ng t& sL l ))+2\+ t& gi4ng l q+\+ t& thc nhDn gDy bnh

Urc n%& q**q+ c ) chng@aculovirus gy /nh 4& tr?ng ho}c cCn gEi l

,irus Urung Xu4c8 Uu tng nc nghin cYu chLng c tn gEi , 3xch thc 3hAc

nh"u8@ng 2.1: Cc ch'ng @aculovirus _ _c nghi6n c^u.

T)* K/(=7 L, +,0 K/(=7 L, +,0 *,*Virus Urung Xu4c J99NWVK 'q* 5 )* n&Virus t& Nh.t 'JVS|'K 2 5 qq n&Virus t& Nh.t q JVS|qK 2) 5 qm n& 5 q' n&Virus /nh 4& tr?ng UhAi T"n J_FWVK 'q' 5 qm n& 2( 5 q*' n&Virus /nh 4& tr?ng J_WVK m*|'* 5 )*|)2*n& 2|m 5 ))*|)*n&

Virus >ng hnh trYng+ 3xch thc 'q* 5 qmn&+ c &Gt ui 7h = &Gt Bu+

3xch thc m*5)**n&8 Virus c xt nht l7 7rotein+ trong l6ng 7hn td t ' q23"8 Vj /"o c h"i l7 7rotein VSq2 , VS'(z Nucleoc"7si> c ) l7 VSq+ VSq+

VS'8 Nhn cu trLc NO &ch iv 3hng c thM In Jcclusion /o>yK8 ^hi t&

5ut hin cAc 4& tr?ng+ Hu"n sAt thy rt nhi:u cAc thM ,0i JRnclusion /o>yK8 trong

nhn c" t /o &"ng+ /iMu / ruGt+ > >y , t /o /iMu / >i ,j+ c; Hu"n

ly&7ho+ cAc nhn hoi td , sng to8 ^hi &i tr#ng nui t& 5u /nh > 5ut hin

h;n8

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Hnh 2.7: Virus nhuG$ D$ !rong huy(! !3ng c'a !%$ sW nhi=$ bnh SSV ,!hQo

RraindorgQ -lQgQlT 1.

U4u hiu nhi=$ bnh

u hiu }c trng c" /nh c nh$ng 4& tr?ng = >i ,j8 Nh$ng 4& tr?ngth#ng c #ng 3xnh t *+ q+* &&8 Uh#ng lin Hu"n n s! 5ut hin c" /nh

j thn8 Nh$ng >u hiu 3hAcv QBu tin thy t& = tBng &}t , >t ,o /#+ /j %n+

hot Gng 3f&+ cAc 7hBn 7h /< t1n th;ng+ n?7 &"ng 7hng ln , ,j c nhi:u sinh

,.t /A&8 ^hi c >u hiu sYc 3ho t& yu+ ng th#i cAc 4& tr?ng 5ut hin+ t[ l

t& 7hAt /nh trong ,Cng t ) '* ngy ln n '**\ , t& cht hBu ht trong "o

nui8

Hnh 2.: >%$ sW b" bnh _[$ !r`ngT b5c v _u ngec !h4y rf cc _[$ !r`ng d)i

v. ?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh

Wnh 4& tr?ng 6c thng /Ao Bu tin = Urung Xu4c trong cAc B& nui t&

sL nui t[ l cht rt c"o J@hen+ '(2(K8 N%& '(() Nh.t Wn nh.7 t& c" Urung

Xu4c ,: nui 5ut hin /nh 4& tr?ng8 N%& '(( c cAc /Ao cAo t Pn QG+

Urung Xu4c+ Rn>onesi"+ Nh.t Wn , UhAi T"n t& r" nguyn nhn gy /nh 4&

tr?ng8Urong nh$ng n%& gBn y /nh 4& tr?ng th#ng 5uyn 5ut hin trong cAc

3hu ,!c nui t& ,en /iMn = Vit N"&+ hBu ht cAc t-nh 3hi /< nhi& /nh 4& tr?ng

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l& t& cht h"ng lot , gy t1n tht ln cho ngh: nui t&8 N%& q**'+ W0i

Xu"ng U: , cGng s! i:u tr" 2) hG nui t& sL thuGc q) huyn c" 2 t-nh ,en

/iMn 7hx" W?c JXung Ninh+ 9i ShCng+ UhAi Wnh+ N"& Qi c thM ti

2**n&8 @u trLc "ci> nhn lON c }c iM& gBn gi4ng hEhabdoviridaQ ho}c

nh& ,irus >ng s6i c" hE?ara$yXoviridaQ8+ ^hi t& nhi& /nh Bu ,ng 3iM& tr" tiu /n &Au thy c >u hiu /t th#ngv

Nhn t/o hng cBu thoAi hoA 3t }c li ho}c /< 7hA hu[ 7hn &nh8+ ^iM& tr" & /nh hEc t /o c hin t6ng hoi td = nhi:u c; Hu"n , 5ut hin cAc

thM ,0i trong t /o cht+ nhn thoAi hoA 3t }c , 7hn &nh c" nhi:u t /o 3hAc

nh"uv h /chhuyt Jly&7hoi>K+ t /o &"ng+ t /o 3~ g"n ty+ t /o /iMu / ruGt8

Hnh 2.P: >hF virus _u vng !rong !( bo ly$pho c'a !%$ sW nhi=$ bnh.

U4u hiu nhi=$ bnhWiMu hin Bu tin t& 7hAt triMn rt nh"nh , %n nhi:u h;n &Yc /nh th#ng8

QGt ngGt t&>ng %n+ s"u &Gt h"i ngy t& >t ,o gBn /# , cht8 F"ng , g"n

ty c &u ,ng nht+ ton thn c &u nh6t nht8 Wnh c thM gy r" t[ l cht

nghi& trEng n '**\ trong ,Cng ) ngy8

9


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Hnh 2.: >%$ sW nhi=$ bnh _u vng. >( bo $ang !%$ c5 !hF vji b`! $u _

_k$ ,ZE0.

Hnh 2.10: >%$ sW b" bnh _u vng. ?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh

Vo n%& '((q+ lBn Bu tin /nh Bu ,ng gy cht t& sL nui = &i:n Urung, &i:n n"& UhAi l"n8 Nh$ng n;i 3hAc thuGc Qng N"& v Rn>onesi"+ F"l"ysi"+

Urung Hu4c+ Shili77ines g}7 xtnhng nguy hiM& cho t& sL nui8 Wnh th#ng 5y

r" = cAc "o nui c i:u 3in &i tr#ng 5u , nh$ng ,0ng c &.t G tri c"o8

Ngoi r" /nhcCn g}7 = &Gt s4 loi t& t! nhin 3hAcv t& th+ t& /c JltK+ t&

roDVit n"& cAc ,0ng nui t& sL c" cAc t-nh 7hx" W?c+ &i:n Urung , N"&

WG c t& /c nhDn gDy bnh

UAc nhn gy /nh nhi& tr0ng ,irus >i >" , hoi td l gi4ng?arvovirusT

cu trLc "ci> nhn lNO+ #ng 3xnh qqn&8 Virus 3Z sinh trong nhn t /o tuyn

"nten+ t /o h /ch huyt+ t/o &"ng+ t /o >y thBn 3inh+ 3hng c thM In

Jcclusion /o>yK &c thM ,0i JRnclusion /o>yK+ chLngl& hoi td , sng to nhn

,.t ch8

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Hnh 2.11: >iFu phn virus _ng 9Jnh 28n$ !rong h bLch huy(! c'a !%$ sW nu%i

!rong ao 3ng. U4u hiu bnh l

U& nhi& /nh R99NV th#ng hn &+ hot Gng yu+ tru /in >ng8 U&

sL J?. $onodonK /< /nh lLc s?7 cht th#ng chuyMn &u 5"nh+ c; 7hBn /0ng &uc8 U& chn tr?ng J?. vanna$QiK thM hin hGi chYng >< hnh cCi cEc+ t& gi4ng

Ju,enilK tru /in>ng+ s6i "nten Hu%n Hueo+ ,j 3itin 50 5 ho}c /in >ng8 9 s4

cCi cEc trong n t& gi4ngchn tr?ng /< /nh R99NV th#ng t '* )*\+ 3hi /ng

c7 txnh+ t[ l cht rt c"o+ ,irus /nh ly t &s"ng u tr0ng J7h;ng thng YngK

nhng 3hng 7hAt /nh+ th#ng n 7ostl"r,"e ) >uhiu /nh Hu"n sAt l t[ l

cht c"o+ ,irus ly l"n theo chi:u ng"ng = t& gi4ng nh h=ng rt &nh lit+ t&

tr=ng thnh i 3hi c >u hiu /nh ho}c cht8

Hnh 2.12: T@ >%$ chDn !r`ng b" bnh IHH;V !rjy bi(n dLngK C >%$ chDn

!r`ng b" bn an!Qn b" *u+n *uQo.

?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnhWnh R9NNV 6c 7hAt hin = F trong n t& chn tr?ng J?QnaQus

vanna$QiK+ cCn gEi l hGi chYng >< hnh cCi cEc c" t& chn tr?ng N"& F8 Wnh

5ut hin t gi"i on 7ostl"r,"e n t& tr=ng thnh8 U[ l cht c" t& ?.

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Hnh 2.18: >%$ chDn !r`ng gi[ng nhi=$ bnh >SV c4p !JnhT h%n $6T v $\$ v

_u%i _ ,!hQo V+n >h" HLnhT 2001K @ u%i ph5ng !o hnh !h4y rf $p _u%i

hoLi ! l$ ch$K CTU >%$ chDn !r`ng gi[ng nhi=$ bnh >SV $Ln !JnhT c5 nhi\u

_[$ nhi=$ $Qlanin do hoLi ! biFu b ,!hQo qigh!nQrT 17.

?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh9i chYng /nh U"ur" l /nh th#ng g}7 = t& he chn tr?ng Jq.vanna$Qi

?QnaQusvanna$QiK = gi"i on nui t ' * ngy nui = "o ho}c trong cAc /M

;ng8 Wnh U_Vth#ng g}7 = t& gi4ng nhj c *+* g+ t& ln h;n c thM 5ut

hin nu gi"i on Bu/nh ch" 5ut hin th gi"i on gi4ng ln ho}c t& th;ng

7hI& c thM 5y r"8 c nhDn gDy bnh

UAc nhn gy /nh ch yu l ,i 3huIn >ng s6iv qQuco!hriX $ucorT >hio!hriX

sp. JthuGc >hio!richacQaQ+ /G >hio!richalQs+ l7 Ra$$apro!Qobac!Qria+ ngnh

?ro!Qobac!QriaK ngoi r" c thM g}7 &Gt s4 ,i 3huIn >ng s6i 3hAcv Cy!ophaga sp8+-lQXibac!Qr sp8 JthuGc hE -lQXibac!QracQaQ+ /G Sphingobac!QrialQs+ l7

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Sphingobac!QriaT ngnh @ac!QroidQlQsK+ -lavobac!Qriu$ sp. JthuGc hE

-lavobac!QracQaQ+ /G -lavobac!QralQs+ l7 -lavobac!Qria+ ngnh @ac!QroidQlQsK888

cAc ,i 3huIn ny c thM Gc l.7 ho}c 7h4i h67 ,i nh"u gy /nh t.7 trung nhi:u =

&"ng+ thn , cAc 7hBn 7h8 @Ac ,i 3huIn >ng s6i thuGc hE -lQXibac!QracQaQ ch- cgi"i on t /o >inh >ng+ chLng 3hng hnh thnh Hu thM , 3hng hnh thnh

/o td8 @hLng l ,i sinh ,.t hoi sinh s4ng t! >o trong nc /iMn , cd" sng8 @hLng

c thM /A& trn /: &}t ngoi c" nhi:u loi Gng ,.t thu[ sinh8 @hLng c 3h n%ng

7hn gii cellulose , 3itin , nhi:u h67 cht h$u c; 3hAc8 U4u hiu nhi=$ bnh

U& &?c /nh ,i 3huIn >ng s6i th#ng yu+ hot Gng 3h 3h%n8 Xu"n sAt

trn 3xnh hiMn ,i 7hng i '**]+ c thM nhn r ,i 3huIn trn /: &}t c; thM+ }c /it

l = Bu &Lt cAc 7hBn 7h+ = t& ln ,i 3huIn 7hAt triMn = c chn /;i+ ru+ /G 7h.n

7h c" &ing+ trn &"ng8 ^hi t& nhi& /nh n}ng &"ng 1i &u t ,ng s"ng

5"nh ho}c nu8 TLc t& l#& #+ /j %n 3h lGt 5Ac , cht hng lot8

Hnh 2.1E: Vi 9hu#n dLng si !r6n cc phn ph c'a !%$. ?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh

Wnh th#ng g}7 = gi"i on u tr0ng Fysis , Sostl"r,"e c" t& he8 UhAi

T"n ,i 3huIn >ng s6i th#ng 5ut hin = Sostl"r,"e '*8 Vit N"& 3hu ,!c ;ng

u tr0ng t& /iMn c" Fi:n Urung ,i 3huIn >ng s6i 5ut hin nhi:u = gi"i on

Fysis q ) , gi"i on Sostl"r,"e 3hi nui &.t G >y+ &i tr#ng Ay /In >o txcht thYc %n th" , ,jr!Q$ia8 @Ac "o ;ng gi4ng , nui t& thng s6i+ 3hi h& l6ng h$u c; trong "o HuA ln , nui &.t G

>y8J. @nh _[$ !r`ng do vi 9hu#n !%$ ,@ac!Qrial hi!Q Spo! Syndro$Q

@SS$ >c nhDn gDy bnh

@acillus sub!ilis thuGc gi4ng @acillus+ hE @acillacQaQ+ /G @acillalQs+ l7

@acilli+ ngnh-ir$icu!Qs8 Vi 3huIn c 3h n%ng l nguyn nhn gy r" /nh 4&

14


15/58

tr?ng = t& sL nui = F"l"ysi"8 Vibrio cholQraQ c{ng th#ng 6c nui cy t &u

/nh t& nui = cAc "o c 79 , G 3i:& c"o , ,i 3huIn ny l nguyn nhn c; hGi

JthY h"iK8 Vit N"& c{ng nui cy 6c Vibrio sp8 t cAc &u = t& sL nui8

Hnh 2.1O: @acillus sub!ilis !rong _[$ !r`ng c'a !%$ ,!hQo ang Q! al.T 2000K @

Vibrio sp. phDn lkp ! !%$ sW bnh _[$ !r`ng ,!hQo @ji wuang >\ v c!vT 200E.

U4u hiu nhi=$ bnhU& sinh tr=ng /nh th#ng 3hng c hin t6ng t& cht8 U& /nh c cAc

4& tr?ng c nhn thy trn ,j 3h?7 c; thM+ 3hi /c ,j r" nhn r h;n8 Q4&

tr?ng hnh trCn nhj h;n 4& tr?ng c" /nh ,irus J__VK8 _oi &u t;i >i 3xnh

hiMn ,i 4& tr?ng c >ng l"n tj" hnh o ,irus c 4& en J&el"ninK = gi$"8 @Ac 4& tr?ng th#ng ch-

= 7hx" ngoi l7 /iMu / , t1 chYc lin 3t+ xt nguy hiM& ,i t1 chYc 7hx" trong8 @Ac

4& tr?ng ny c thM &t 3hi t& lGt ,j8

15


16/58

Hnh 2.17: [$ !r`ng !r6n v _u ngec c'a !%$ nhi=$ bnh @SS ,!hQo ang

Q! al. 2000K @ [$ !r`ng !r6n v _u ngec c'a !%$ nhi=$ bnh @SS ,!hQo @ji

wuang >\T 200EK C >%$ sW b" bnh _[$ !r`ng @SS ,!hQo @ji wuang >\T 200E.

?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnhWnh 4& tr?ng >o ,i 3huIn 6c & t g}7 = t& sL nui = F"l"ysi"8 @Ac "o

nui th& c"nh th#ng 5ut hin /nh 4& tr?ng+ nhng test S@ /nh __V &

txnh8. @nh _c c3 c'a !%$ cng Xanh

>c nhDn gDy bnhUAc nhn gy /nh cBu 3huInqac!ococcus garviQaQ Jxn!Qrococcus sQriolicidaK

thuGc S!rQp!ococcacQaQ+ /Gqac!obacillalQs+ l7@acilliT ngnh-ir$icu!Qs8 Vi 3huIn

br"& >;ng+ hnh Hu trYng8 Vi 3huIn 7hAt triMn = nhit G '* * *@+ G &u4i *+ +*\+ 79 (+8

U4u hiu nhi=$ bnhU& 3f& %n+ hot Gng ch.& ch7+ Bu tin c; 7hBn ui chuyMn &u tr?ng

c Jth#ng l nh$ng ,t &u tr?ng c+ " t& r" Anh sAng &}t tr#i thy r cAc ,t

tr?ng cK s"u l"n >Bn ln 7hx" Bu ng!c+ t& /nh n}ng &"ng chuyMn &u tr?ng

c8 Vj t& &:& J3hi luGc chxn t& chuyMn &u j xtK t[ l t& cht c"o8

Hnh 2.1: >%$ cng Xanh b" _c c3T v $\$. ?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh

Wnh c c; = t& 5y r" = cAc "o nui t& cng 5"nh = Urung Xu4c+ Qi

To"n+ t[ l nhi& /nh t )* m\8 Vit N"& /nh c c; 5ut hin &Gt ,i

n%& n"y+ t n%& q*** t& cng 5"nh /Gt Jngun g4c t Urung Xu4c " s"ngK "

,: Uh"nh Ur nui c hin t6ng t& c c; , cht hng lot8 QBu n%& q**q n

t& /4 & J tK c" &Gt tri sn 5ut t& gi4ng = 9i ShCng /< /nh c c;8

_"u 3hi cho n= u tr0ng , ;ng thnh t& /Gt+ t[ l s4ng rt th7 t 3hong '\8

UhAng n%& q**q+ &Gt s4 "o nui t& cng 5"nh = Uh"nh Ur+ 9 NGi th gi4ng c

16


17/58

*+qgcon+ nui s"u ' q* ngy t& 5ut hin /nh c c; , cht ri rAc8 U[ l

nhi& /nh trong n t& nui = Uh"nh Ur t (*\ Jq**qK.. @nh _[$ nDu !%$ cng Xanh

>c nhDn gDy bnh

UAc nhn gy /nh ch yu l ,i 3huIn Qro$onas hydrophila8 Q}c txnh chungc" loi ,i 3huIn. hydrophila l >i Gng nh# c ' tin &"o8 Vi 3huIn br"& &

>ng hnh Hue ng?n+ h"i Bu trCn+ 3xch thc *+ 5 '+* '+ &8 Vi 3huIn y& 3hx

tu tin+ @ytochro& o5i>"se >;ng txnh8 Ngoi r" cCn g}7 ,i 3huIn?sQudo$onas

spD 3t h67 ,i &i tr#ng nui nhi& /In+ N9)+9q_ c"o HuA &Yc cho 7hf7 l&

cho t& > 5ut hin /nh8

Hnh 2.1P: Vi 9hu#n Qro$onas hydrophilaT nhuG$ b5ng. U4u hiu nhi=$ bnh

U& 3hi &i /< /nh th#ng yu+ hot Gng ch.& ch7 , np& yn = Ay+ 3f&%n ho}c /j %n8 Urn cAc 7hBn 7h Jru+ chn /C+ chn /;i+ uiK+ ,j c cAc ,t %n

&Cn chuyMn t &u nu s"ng en , cAc 7hBn 7h ct >Bn8 Shx" trong ,j 3itin c"

&"ng c 4& en8 Urn ,j , 7hBn 7h c nhi:u sinh ,.t /A&8

Hnh 2.1:>%$ cng Xanh b" bnh _[$ nDu: >%$ b" _Qn $angK @TC >%$ bnh

rDuT chDn bAT chDn b3iT _u%i b" +n c! dn 8

?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh

Wnh th#ng g}7 = t& cng 5"nh nui th;ng 7hI&+ t[ l nhi& t '* )*\+cng ,: cu4i chu 3 nui t[ l nhi& /nh gi" t%ng8 Nh$ng "o nui nc nhi& /In

17


18/58

t[ nhi& /nh c thM ti * m*\ , c hin t6ng t& cht ri rAc8 F0" 7hAt /nh

t0y theo th#i gi"n c" cAc #ng nh 3hng /< nh h=ng /=i /nh ^98 U4u hiu nhi=$ bnh

u tin c th l mt vi tn thng tn m!ng v t" l# ch$t

c!%& '(ng th)i c) nhi*m +#nh th,ng gn tng m-t. +i l, /, v c

th + c % ng(t th v +i hng /nh hng& u hi#u +#nh

ng%i c:! +#nh ; v mu t?ng @ging nh +#nh vi huAn (ng BiC. m!ng chD=

m)u. m?t tEng. ! c /)m +(c mu h%-c FhGng F& u hi#u +nt%ng c:! +#nh ;


19/58

Hnh 2.20: C chp b" bnh HU !hng !h4y $ang c5 v(! ch4$ l[$ _[$ $u

_ v $u !r`ng. ;hzng v(! ch4$ ny Xu4! hin nh dLng bnh vi 9hu#n hnh si

!r6n $ang c. @ $ang bi s3 rch c5 $u !r`ng ,!hQo ndy Roodin. ?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh

Wnh ^9 l nguyn nhn gy cht t 2* '**\ trong HuBn n cA+ = nhit

G qq qm*@8 Wnh ^9 nhi& 3hAc nh"u ,i tu1i c" cA+ nhng 3hi nh4t chung

cho thy cA h;ng nhi& &nh h;n cA tr=ng thnh8by nhi& /png cho ti7 5Lc tr!c ti7 ,i cA /nh+ ,i >c nhDn gDy bnhSing ;ovirhabdovirus thuc hT habdoviridaQT hHnh JuU mt /u

tMn @vin /(nC. Ochthc 60 K 177nm&

Hnh 2.21: ;ovirhabdovirus: $% h{c c ! d{c v c ! ngang virion virusK @

nhuG$ D$ virion virus. U4u hiu nhi=$ bnhQ) +#nh thVn chu=n mu ti v c th lGi mt m?t h%-c cD h!i

m?t& W!ng chu=n mu nh(t. nhng c th c c)c /m Kut hu=$t&

XV= v m?t Kut hu=$t& Q) +#nh t%ng K%!ng c th c nhiYu ch

m)u. g!n v thZn +i$n /i [ ng& Q mt Ot /m FhVn + Di )c

tn +ng hi& S!n chu=n mu nh(t. thZn mu /> th\m. l) l)ch

chu=nmu />&

19


20/58

Hnh 2.22: C b" bnh VHST $ang v c3 *uan nGi !Lng b" Xu4! huy(!. ?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh

]#nh nhi*m c) hGi vVn @/ncorhynchus $y9issC. c) hGi nVu @Sal$o

!ru!!aC. c) S!=ling @>hy$allus !hy$allusC. c) t?ng @CorQgonus sp&C. c)ch @xsoX luciusC. c) hGi mi#ng ln @Bicrop!Qus sal$oidQsC. c) +n ^hZt

]Dn @?aralich!hys olivacQusC v c) +n @Scoph!hal$us $aXi$usC& ^hi#t /

nc l =$u t mi t,ng Ju!n tTng& ]#nh Kut hi#n t_ 4 N 140Q&

^hi#t / nc thF @1 N 50QC th,ng +#nh Fh)t ng. t" l# ch$t hng

ng= thF. nhng t" l# ch$t Gn tOch c!%& ` nhi#t / nc c!% @15 N

180QC +#nh Fh)t ng?n vi t" l# ch$t Gn tOch c!% nht& ]#nh Xc nhDn gDy bnhSing HQrpQsvirus. hHnh cu. /,ng Onh vii%n c v> +!% 175 N

200nm& ^hum Vm th= [c!Fi /,ng Onh 100nm& U4u hiu nhi=$ bnh

V= l +#nh Kut hu=$t v thZn +i$n /i& ]ng ng t% v c

t,ng hBF +ng cdng FhGng !& Q)c vV= /Yu Kut hu=$t& W?t c) lGi! h%-c hi lGi. c mt v$t +#nh mu vng % mt vi huAn

@-lQXibac!Qr colu$naris h%-cQro$onas hydrophilaC l ngu=n nhVn the h!i

gV= !&W!ng th,ng chu=n mu nh(t. nhng th,ng mt c) +#nh

th= [ t m!ng Kut hu=$t& W!ng c:! nhfng c%n c) hng hF hi.

nm th:= inh Fh)t tin m(nh& '%ng K%!ng c th c ch mu

20


21/58

vng. mt mu />& ut c che! cht ch nh= muvng& )

l)ch ng ln c mu /Un. thZn v g!n c c)c /m Kut hu=$t&

Hnh 2.28: C !r6 s%ng nhi=$ bnh CCVUK con phJa !r6n bng ch)ng !oK l| liu

sinh dcT vDy Xu4! huy(!. Con phJa d)i nhn $}! lng !h4y bng ch)ng !oT $`! l&i8

?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnhQ) t ng @Ic!alurus punc!a!usC c:! W th,ng nhi*m +#nh

QQX& ]#nh Kut hi#n c) i 1 tui v th,ng Ot hn 4 th)ng

tui& ^hi#t / nc tn 270

Q t" l# ch$t c!% hn. nhng hi$m hiFh)t +#nh nhi#t / nh> hn 180Q&

. @nh 9h[i u !( bo qy$pho >c nhDn gDy bnh

Virus gy /nh 3h4i u t /o Ty&7ho l Iridovirus ln nht trong gi4ng nyv

3xch thc trung /nh l q** * n&+ nhj nht l ')*n&+ ln nht l ))* n&+ 3xch

thc 3hAc nh"u c" ,irus 7h thuGc ,o 3Z ch8 Iridovirus c "ci> nhn l NO+

,irus c li }c+ /n ngoi c q l7 ,j cu to /png cAc @"7si>+ ngoi c0ng c ri:&

lng t;8

21


22/58

Hnh 2.2E: B% phng c4u !rWc c'a !hF virus bnh 9h[i !( bo qy$pho 9h%ng

nhuG$ $u ,!hQo @Qr!hiau$Q v c!vT 1PE. U4u hiu bnh l

Wnh 3h4i u t /o ly&7ho l >ng nh h=ng trong tng t /o , trn ,.t ch

xt nh h=ng8 by /nh l ,irus " nhit+ chLng hnh thnh cAc n4t sBn J&n c;&K

&?t th#ng c thM thy 6c = hBu ht h th4ng &ch ngoi /in8 Nh$ng >u hiu

/n ngoi c" /nh iMn hnh l cAc n4t sBn c cu to >ng ,in sji+ 3xch thc to

nhj 3hAc nh"u+ &u 3e& 5A& n &u 5A&+ s?c t4 /iMu / /nh th#ng8 Qi 3hi h

th4ng &ch ngoi /in t thnh A& ln cAc t /o c &u j8 ]u hng cAc t /oly&7ho 5ut hin trong cAc A& l >ng s6i8 Nh$ng >u hiu /n trongv 5ut hin

&Gt s4 t /o ly&7ho nhi& ,irus = trong c;+ &ng /ng J7hLc &cK , trn /: &}t

c" cAc c; Hu"n nGi tng8 Nh$ng >u hiu & /nh hEcv uy nht ch- c cAc t /o

Ty&7ho c" cA tr;ng to 3h1ng l+ 3xch thc t /o iMn hnh " s4 l '** & ho}c

ln nht l ' && , chLng t%ng t *8*** '**8*** lBn ,: thM txch8 QiM& }c /it

c" t /o l &ng t /o &jng trong su4t+ = trung t& c nhn tr;ng ln thy r

ON8 U /o hnh o,"n ho}c >ng eli78 @Ac thM ,0i t /o cht /?t &u tx& l n;ichY" cAc thM ,irus+ c h"i >ng 3xch thc tu theo 3Z ch8

22


23/58

Hnh 2.2O: C b" bnh 9h[i u !( bo qy$pho: _u%i c vcK @ _u c vcK CT

U c vDy cnh, Holacan!hus ciliaris. ?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh

Wnh 3h4i u t /o Ty&7ho 5ut hin = 'q loi+ ) hE thuGc ( /G cA nc ngEt

, cA nc &}n+ g}7 nhi:u nht = /" /Gv ?Qrcimor$QsT ?lQuronQc!imor$QsT

>Q!raodon!imor$QsT ngoi r" cCn g}7 = sAu /G cA 3hAc nhv ClupQimor$QsT

Sal$onimor$QsT /phidiimor$QsT Cyprinodon!imor$Qs... @A s4ng t! nhin &Yc G c&

nhi& /nh th7 , 3hng gy nguy hiM&8 Nhng = cAc loi cA nui t%ng sn nh

nui lng > /< nhi& /nh t /o Ty&7ho , gy nguy hiM& cho cA nui8

. @nh hoLi ! !hn 9inh,Viral nQrvous nQcrosis V;; >c nhDn gDy bnh

by /nh l ,irus@Q!anodavirus hnh cBu+ #ng 3xnh l q )qn&8 Oci> nhn

l NO8 Virus 3Z sinh trong t /o cht c" t /o thBn 3inh trong no , trong ,ng

&c &?t8

Hnh 2.27: @Q!aodavirus nu%i c4y ! no c song bnhK @ !iFu phn vi rW! !rong

!( bo ch4! c'a !( bo vfng $Lc $`! c song bnh.

23


24/58

U4u hiu nhi=$ bnhWnh VNN l /nh c7 txnh 5ut hin t tri ;ng gi4ng8 Pu tr0ng Jt '* q

ngy tu1iK ho}c cA gi4ng /j %n+ cA cht ri rAc+ /;i l# # trn tBng &}t >o /ng h;i

tr;ng 7hng8 @ s! 5ung huyt trong no & c thM nhn thy 6c8 @A nhi& /nh

/;i 3hng /nh th#ng+ /;i lGi &nh 3hng i8Wnh c7 txnh ho}c thY c7 txnh trong cA &L h;ng , cA &i nui lng c >u

hiu gi4ng nh"u8 @A cht , h7 h4i hBu ht /ng h;i tr;ng 7hng8 @A /;i lGi hn

lon 3hng i c ,t hoi td >o ch sAt ,i li8 Nhi:u cA c

&u en , th#ng /;i ch.& ch78 Uriu chYng t%ng >Bn 3hi HuBn n nhi&

/nh8@A s"u q* ngy tu1i >u hiu /nh cA yu /;i gBn tBng &}t8 @A t ngy

n thAng tu1i 3hi /< /nh /;i 3hng i Ay /M ho}c Ay lng8 @A cht s"u ) ngy c >u hiu /nh8

Hnh 2.2: C b" bnh n


25/58

3t Hu i:u tr" = huyn Vn Qn+ Xung Ninh Jq**qK c s4 lng /< /nh8 Wnh 7hAt

t thAng '*+ }c /it 3hi &" nhi:u8 Nhit G thxch h67 /nh 7hAt triMn q )*\2.2.2.2. Bnh do vi "hu#n

a. @nh do vi 9hu#n ?sQudo$onas

>c nhDn gDy bnh?sQudo$onas l &Gt gi4ng thuGc hE ?sQudo$onadacQaQ+ /G

?sQudo$onadalQs+ l7 Ra$$apro!Qobac!QriaT ngnh?ro!Qobac!Qria8 Vi 3huIn gr"&

&+ hnh Hue ho}c h;i u4n cong+ 3hng sinh /o td+ 3xch thc *+ '+* 5 '+ +*

&8 @hLng chuyMn Gng /png &Gt ho}c nhi:u tin &"o8 @hLng 7hAt triMn trong &i

tr#ng ;n gin , hiu 3hx8 Q" s4 chLng c thM o5y hoA ho}c &Gt s4 xt 3hng o5y

hoA , 3hng ln &en trong &i tr#ng blucose8 @hLng sing s?c t4 &u ,ng

5"nh+ 5"nh+ 5"nh nht8 bii hn nhit G 7hAt triMn rt rGng t )*@8 Uhnh 7hBnbu"&in+ @ytoin trong NO l &ol \8

@hLng 7hn /4 rGng 3h?7 trong &i tr#ng+ trong t , trong nc , chLng

c thM gy /nh cho ng#i+ Gng ,.t , th!c ,.t8 Uh#ng 7hn l.7 ,i 3huIn t >"+

g"n+ th.n l tAc nhn gy /nh = cAv ?. mluorQscQnsT ?. chlororaphisT ?.

anguillisQp!icaT ?. dQr$oalbaT ?. pu!ida

Hnh 2.2P: hu#n lLc vi 9hu#n ?sQudo$onas sp. U4u hiu bnh l

@c /G ho}c i /G 7h.n >" cA 5ut huyt+ ,Iy rng r nht l q /n thn ,

7hx" /ng+ g4c ,y lng ho}c ton /G ,y lng :u 5ut huyt+ cAc ti" ,y rAch nAtct >Bn8 @ lLc ruGt 5ut huyt , ,i& nn gEi l /nh 5ut huyt8

Uh#i 3 Bu = ch cAn ui c &Gt iM& tr?ng+ s"u l"n >Bn ,: 7hx" trc cho

n ,y lng , ,y h.u &n+ c on thn s"u &u tr?ng8 Wnh n}ng cA c?& Bu

5u4ng >i+ ui hng ln trn to thnh ,ung gc ,i &}t nc cA nh"nh chng

cht hng lot+ >u hiu ny th#ng g}7 = cA h;ng+ gi4ng , gEi l /nh tr?ng ui8

25


26/58


27/58

Hnh 2.80: Vi 9hu#n xdardsiQlla. U4u hiu bnh l

@A /< /nh 3f& %n ho}c /j %n+ gBy yu+ /ng th#ng chng to+ 5ung Hu"nh

&ing c cAc A& 5ut huyt+ g4c ,y 5ut huyt+ &?t li bii 7hu c; Hu"n nGi tng

g"n+ lA lch+ th.n /< hoi td thnh nh$ng 4& &u tr?ng c #ng 3xnh *+

q+&&+ cCn gEi l `/nh 4& tr?nga8

Hnh 2.81: C da !r3n b" bnh hoLi ! c3 *uan nGi !Lng. C !ra gi[ng bng

ch)ng !oK @ C nhQo bng ch)ng !oK CTx !r6n gan c !ra gi[ng c5 cc _[$

!r`ngK U !hkn c !ra c5 nhi\u _[$ !r`ng. ?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh

Vi 3huIn th#ng gy = Gng ,.t &Au lnhv r?n+ cA su+ cA /" /"+888, nh$ng

Gng ,.t thu[ sn 3hAc8 Vit N"& 7hn l.7 6c x. !arda t cA tr gi4ngzx.

ic!aluri t cA tr"+ cA /" s"+ cA nheo gi4ng , cA thc nhDn gDy bnh

S!rQp!ococcus JthuGc S!rQp!ococcacQaQ+ /Gqac!obacillalQs+ l7 @acilli+ ngnh

-ir$icu!QsK l &Gt gi4ng ln c >ng hnh cBu ho}c hnh o,"n+ #ng 3xnh nhj h;n

q &8 br"& >;ng+ 3hng >i Gng+ hBu ht y& 3hx tu tin+ ln &en trong &i

tr#ng blucose+ nhu cBu 7hAt triMn 7hYc t78 thnh 7hBn bu"nin , @ytoin trong

NO l ) &ol\8 _tre7tococcus sinh tr=ng t4t trn &i tr#ng Ury7tic"se _oy

"g"r c th& *+\ blucose+ &i tr#ng W9RO JWr"in 9e"rt Rnusion Og"rK+ &itr#ng U9WO JUo>> heitt /roth "g"rK+ &i tr#ng thch &Au ng!" J9orse /oo>

27


28/58

"g"rK8 Nui cy = q* n)**@+ s"u q 2h hnh thnh 3huIn lc nhj #ng 3xnh *+

'+* &&+ &u h;i ,ng+ hnh trC+ h;i li8S!rQp!ococcus6c7hn l.7 t cA nc ngEt , cA /iMn Nh.t Wn+ 3huIn lc rt

nhj , >o JG nht c"oK8 S!rQp!ococcus ininaQ gy /nh 5ut huyt = cA r 7hi nui

th& c"nh8 N%& '((' '((q 7hn l.7 t cA /" s" /< /nh 5ut huyt ,i 3huIn

S!rQp!ococcus sp8

Hnh 2.82:Vi 9hu#n S!rQp!ococcus phDn lkp ! $~u c bnh. U4u hiu nhi=$ bnh

@A /< /nh 3f& %n ho}c /j %n+ gBy yu+ /ng th#ng chng to+ 5ung Hu"nh

&ing c cAc A& 5ut huyt+ g4c ,y 5ut huyt+ &?t li8 Wnh th#ng gy hoi td

g"n+ lA lAch , th.n thnh nh$ng 4& &u nht = cA r 7hi+ trn g"n cA /" s" c cAc

3huIn lc c" S!rQp!ococcus sp8

Hnh 2.88: C b" bnh Xu4! huy(! do S!rQp!ococcus sp.

?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnhVit N"& cA /" s"+ cA r 7hi+ cA chf7+ cA /iMn888 7hn l.7 6c

S!rQp!ococcus. Wnh nhi& tr0ng >o nh& ,i 3huIn S!rQp!ococcus>i Gng th#ng

g}7 = nhi:u loi Gng ,.t thu[ sn nc ngEt8 = Vit N"& cAc loi cA nui lng+ /k

, nui "o nc ngEt th#ng g}7 /nh 4& j nhv tr?& cj+ cA tri+ cA chf7+ cA &k+

cA /" s"+ cA /4ng t6ng+ cA he nui /k+ cA t"i t6ng+ cA tr+ cA nheo888 Vi 3huIn c thM

28


29/58

gy /nh = /" /"+ cA su+ /nh j chn = ch+ 4& nu = t& cng 5"nh8 U[ l td

,ong = Gng ,.t thu[ sn th#ng t )* m*\ ring = cA gi4ng J/" /"+ cA trK c thM

cht '**\8 Wnh 5ut hin Hu"nh n%& nhng th#ng t.7 trung ,o &0" 5un , &0"

thu = &i:n W?c+ = &i:n N"& /nh 7hAt nhi:u ,o &0" &"8 Qng N"& v UhAi T"n gy /nh = cA tr+ Rn>onesi" cA chf7 /< /nh+ cA tr /< /nh8

. @nh vi 9hu#n dLng si ,bnh hnh !r >c nhDn gDy bnh

UAc nhn gy /nh hnh s6i cA l ,i 3huIn -lQXibac!Qr colu$naris ,Syn8

Cy!ophaga colu$naris thuGc hE -lQXibac!QracQaQ+ /G Sphingobac!QrialQs+ l7

Sphingobac!Qria+ ngnh @ac!QroidQlQs8 Vi 3huIn hnh Hue J>ng s6iK &:& &i8

Urong cAc &u & nhi& /nh thy r nhi:u ,i 3huIn >ng s6i &nh >8 Urong cA

&u & nhi& /nh thy r nhi:u ,i 3huIn chuyMn Gng lt nh nhng , t.7 h67

thnh &Gt tr hnh 3h4i nn c tn gEi l /nh hnh tr8 @Ac 3h4i tr c{ng chuyMn

Gng u4n cong8 Vi 3huIn br"& &+ >ng hnh Hue >i &nh > J>ng s6i &nhK 3xch

thc *+) *+ 5 ) 2 &8

Hnh 2.8E: hu#n lLc c'a -lQXibac!Qr colu$naris ph! !riFn !r6n $%i !rng

Cy!ophaga agar. U4u hiu nhi=$ bnh

u hiu Bu tin 5ut hin cAc 4& tr?ng trn thn+ Bu+ ,y+ &"ng8 @Ac 4&l"n rGng thnh cAc ,t loft+ 5ung Hu"nh &u j+ = 7hBn gi$" &u ,ng ho}c 5A&+ >"

cA c thM /< lGt r" ,t loft l"n rGng8 @Ac &f7 ,y /in &u s"u l"n >Bn ti g4c ,y+

cAc ,y hoi td ct >Bn8 Urn &"ng 5ut hin cAc ,t loft+ t; &"ng /< 7hA hu[ l& cA

ngt th=8 Wnh 3hng gy th;ng txch ln trong cAc c; Hu"n nGi tng8 Wnh th#ng

5y r" 3hi cA nh4t ,i &.t G >y+ &i tr#ng nghko >inh >ng8

29


30/58

Hnh 2.8O: C song gi[ng b" bnh hoLi ! c! _u%i. ?hDn b[ v lan !ruy\n bnh

@A nc ngEt nhi& /nh hnh trv cA trnh nguilla ]aponica+. anguillaz

cA Bisgurnus anguillicauda!usz cA ,ng Carassius aura!usz cA chf7 Cyprinus

carpioz cA tr?& cj C!Qnopharyngodon idQlluszD Qng N"& /nh gy r" =

cA tr ,ng Clarias $acrocQphalus git cht (*\ cA tr gi4ng trong "o nui trong

,Cng qh8 nc ngEt+ /nh th#ng 5ut hin gy cA cht = nhit G q* ) *@+

>i '*@ xt 3hi 5ut hin /nh8 Vit n"&+ nui cA lng /iMn 3hng nhi:u+ nhng &Gt s4 lng nui cA &L JcA

songK &.t G >y ,o &0" 5un , &0" thu c thM 5ut hin /nh hnh s6i8 Vi 3huIn

>ng s6i gy /nh = nhi:u loi Gng ,.t thu[ sn nc ngEt , nc &}n+ cA /"s"88882.5. GII THIU V Vibriosp. G! ENH TRFNG NUI TRNG TH!

H"I #"N2.5.1. TS* =3* K Vibriosp.

2.5.1.1. %&c 'im ca Vibrio sp. gy bnhVibrio c ngun g4c t `Vi/r"ea c ngh" l >"o Gng+ g& cAc ,i 3huIn c

>ng Hue u4n cong+ c >ng >u 7hIy+ c &Gt tin &"o8 ShBn ln cAc loi Vibrio

s4ng hoi sinh ch- &Gt s4 xt c 3h n%ng ly /nh cho ng#i8 Vibrio cholQraQ J7hIy

tr0ng tK gy /nh cho ng#i+ c 3h n%ng s4ng trong nc n ) tuBn8FGt s4 chng Vibrio c 3h n%ng tit he&olysine l& t"n hng cBu gy ngG

Gc8 @hLng s4ng trong nc & , /0n l?ng = B& h , ,0ng nc l6 ,en /iMn+ ,i

3huIn /A& ,o chitin c" cu" , cAc loi thn &:&+ tn ti trong th


31/58

Hnh 2.87: Vi 9hu#n Vibrio sp.

2.5.1.2. ()c y*u t+ nh h,ng '*n "h nng nhi/m bnh Qi:u 3in &i tr#ng 5uv 5i hC" t"n th7+ n:n Ay txch t nhi:u thYc %n th"+ t&

&"ng sn &B& /nh trn cAc & , /< s4c /=i cAc yu t4 &i tr#ng 5u >n n

nhi& /nh+ ,0ng Ay "o chY" nhi:u cht thi Gc+ &i tr#ng /< nhi& /In h$u c;+

&i tr#ng = cAc ,0ng th& c"nh n%ng sut c"o ngy cng 5u i8 o cht l6ng nc 3hng 1n


32/58

thn l >o t& %nr!Q$ia, to gi8 Uuy nhin theo nghin cYu c" ,in nui trng

thu[ sn ) th /nh j thn >o &Gt gi4ng ,i 3huIn Vibrio alginoly!icusgy r" trn

t& sL8 @ho n n"y /nh ny 6c 7hAt hin = nhi:u nc trn th gii c{ng nh =

Vit N"&8 Nghin cYu c" Ne&"n , eng+ '(2q cho /it loi cu" A J CallinQc!Qsirrora!usK c{ng c thM /< cht >o c& nhi& Vibrio= q*o@ s"u qh8

Vit N"&+ ng"y t nh$ng n%& '(2( '((* cAc nh nghin cYu 7hAt hin

rpng /nh Vibriosis+ }c /it l /nh 7hAt sAng rt 7h1 /in trong cAc tri sn 5ut

t& sL gi4ng , trong "o nui th;ng 7hI& JQ Uh< 9C"+ '((+'((mK8 Nh$ng n%&

gBn y+ ngh: nui cA , Gng ,.t thn &:& nc &}n 7hAt triMn , /nh Vibriosis

tr= thnh /nh th#ng g}7 , gy nhi:u tAc hi cho ngh: nui thy sn8Vi 3huIn thuGc gi4ng Vibrios4ng ,o 3Z sinh trn c; thM Gng ,.t thy sn :u

gy r" &Gt s4 >u hiu /nh lZ nht


33/58

nhi:u loi l nhu cBu tuyt 4i8 9Bu ht cAc &u 7hn l.7 t /nh ,j , ,i& ruGt

c" t& tr=ng thnh :u g}7 loi V.alginoly!icusK V. parahaQ$oly!icusT

V.anguillaru$8

Hnh 2.8: hu#n lLc c'a V.alginoly!icus v V.parahaQ$oly!icus2.5.2.. %&c 'im d1ch t/

a. }c _iF$ phDn b[

"a lv Wnh Vibriosisc thM Hu"n sAt 6c = 3h?7 &Ei n;i c ngh: nui Gng ,.t

thy sn nc l6 , nc &}n8 _! 7hn /4 c" /nh ny rGng 3h?7 th gii+ t.7

trung = chu + chu Shi , chu F8 U &u /nh 7hAt sAng c" u tr0ng , h.u u

tr0ng+ cAc tAc gi 7hn l.7 6c nh$ng loi 3hAc nh"u c" gi4ng vibrio8 Nh =

Shili77ines+ @8T87ilogo+ F8@8T W"tic">osz 88@rus , T8>e T"7en" 7hn l.7

6c q loi V.harvQyi, V.splQndidus8 Urong 3hi = UhAi T"n+ ng#i t" li cho rpng

tAc nhn l V.parahaQ$oly!icus8 Vit N"&+ &Gt s4 cAn /G c" tr#ng Qi 9Ec

Uhy _n 7hn l.7 t t& /nh 6c q loi ,i 3huIn l V.alginoly!icus ,

V.parahaQ$oly!icus8 ch'v 9Bu nh cAc loi Gng ,.t thy sn nui nc l6+ &}n :u c thM /< nhi&

, chv Wnh 7hAt sAng >o Vibrio harvQyic thM 5y r" = nhi:u gi"i on 3hAc

nh"u+ nhng tAc hi n}ng nht l gi"i on ti:n u tr0ng o"e , Fysis8 @on #ng l"n truy:nv Urong h th4ng nui thu[ sn ,i 3huIn Vibrio5& nh.7 ,o

"o theo &Gt s4 con #ngv ngun nc+ >ng c >0ng+ t& & ho}c t& gi4ng+ thYc

%n+ }c /it l thYc %n t;i s4ngr!Q$ia, chLng c thM np& sn = thnh /M h"y

>i Ay "o8

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b. Bja v Xu4! hin bnhF0" , 5ut hin /nh >o ,i 3huIn Vibriot0y thuGc theo loi , o /in 7hA7 3 thu.t 5i7hong Ay c tAc >ng gi& &.t G Vibrio

trong /M ;ng8 F.t G ,i 3huIn Vibriot%ng nh"nh r rt 3hi th#i tit th"y 1i+ ,o

cAc th#i iM& /iMn Gng >o /o+ gi &0" h"y A7 th7 nhit i JQ Uh< hC"+ '((mK

ho}c theo con nc c" thy tri:u Jnc c#ng+ nc rCngK8c. >c hLi c'a bnh

Wnh >o Vibrio sp.gy r" = t& c thM 5y r" = >ng c7 txnh ho}c &n txnh+

trong tr#ng h67 c7 txnh+ t[ l cht c thM l '**\82.5.2.W. 67u hiu bnh 48

a. U4u hiu lD$ sngU& /< nhi& Vibrio sp. = trng thAi 3hng /nh th#ng+ hn &+ l# #+ 3f& %n

ho}c /j %n8 U& c thM n1i ln &}t "o+ >t /# h"y 3fo "ng /;i lCng ,Cng8 Vj t&/< &:& , 5ut hin cAc ,t th;ng hoi td+ %n &Cn trn ,j , cAc 7hBn 7h8

Hnh 2. 8P:u%i !%$ sW b" $An c! do nhi=$ vi 9hu#n Vibrio.^hi ,i 3huIn ny c& nhi& trn ,j 3itin , &"ng c thM gy r" cAc ,t th;ng

t1n &u nu en >o 3itin /< %n &Cn , ,i& nhi&8 9Gi chYng ny gEi l /nh ,j

h"y /nh nhi& nu8 Vj t& c s! /in 1i thnh &u j h"y &u 5"nh8

34


35/58

Hnh 2.8:q)p v 9i!in c'a !%$ $\$ v c5 $u Xanh.Pu tr0ng t& , t& gi4ng c s! 7hAt sAng = 7hBn giA7 Bu ng!c+ nhn trong

t4i s~ thy thn t& 7hAt sAng8 _"u s~ 3k& theo hin t6ng l?ng Ay+ cht hng

lot 3hi nhi& V. parahaQ$oly!icus, V. harvQyi.

Hnh 2.E0:Hin !ng ph! sng 4u !rjng !%$ sW.]ut hin cAc iM& j = g4c ru+ ng!c+ = thn h"y = cAc 7hBn 7h c" u tr0ng

giA7 5Ac 3hi nhi& V. alginoly!icus8 ]ut hin ,0ng = 7hBn c; /ng+ t& /j %n

, 5ut hin s?c t4 nu en trn &}t lng c" 7hBn /ng gy nn nh$ng 3hong t4i

sAng 3hAc ,i t& /nh th#ng8 @Ac c; Hu"n 7hBn 7h chuyMn &u j8b. U4u hiu bnh !Jch

Vi 3huIn Vibrioc{ng c thM nhi& = g"n ty+ ruGt , &Gt s4 ,0ng c; c" t&8

Uuy nhin+ 3hi gii 7hIu c; thM t& /nh chLng t" 3hng thM 7hAt hin 6c >u hiu

/nh txch c" t& /nh8_"u y l &Gt s4 /nh }c trng >o Vibrio sp. gy r" trn t&

2.5.2.X. Bnh ph9ng 'u:ia. >c nhDn gDy bnh

Wnh 7hng ui = t& tuy 3hng l"n thnh >y c rt nhi:u 3h n%ng g}7

7hi /nh ny8 Nguyn nhn chxnh l >o s4 l6ng thYc %n > th" , ,.t cht 3hAc

txch t = Ay "o to i:u 3in thu.n l6i cho ,i 3huIn 7hAt triMn+ ch yu l ,i 3huIn

thuGc gi4ng Vibrio& chi& " s4 l Vibrio parahaQ$oly!icus.

35


36/58

Hnh 2.E1: Vi 9hu#n Vibrio parahaQ$oly!icus.b. U4u hiu nhi=$ bnh

Vi 3huIn c 3h n%ng to r" loi eny&e chitin"se 7hn hy l7 chitin c" l7

,j t&8 Ff7 ui tr= nn en , nhn gi4ng nh /< 4t chAy8 @ n;i 7hng len ho}c

sng /n trong chY" nhi:u >ng &n txnh+ l7 & c; c" ui

s~ cht , h hjng+ lLc ny tr= nn &u j , sng ty8

Hnh 2.E2: ChDn _u%i !%$ sW b" ph&ng.2.5.2.Y. Bnh '; dc nhDn gDy bnhNc , Ay nhi& n}ng+ thYc %n th" HuA nhi:u+ cng tAc , sinh 3f&+

nhi& ,i 3huIn Vibrio & ch yu l Vibrio alginoly!icus.b. U4u hiu nhi=$ bnh

Wnh 5y r" l& t& c nh$ng ch& j >Ec thn s"u l"n >Bn ht ton thn8

UhAi T"n t& u tr0ng 3hi /< /nh ny nghi& trEng s~ c hin t& nh6t nht &t

3h n%ng /;i lGi s"u q ) ngy t& c thM cht8

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37/58

Hnh 2.E8: >%$ sW b" bnh _ d{c !hDn.2.5.2.Z. Bnh ph)t s)ng

a. }c _iF$ c'a vi 9hu#n V.harvQyiNh& Vibrio7hAt sAng l &Gt 7hBn c" h ,i sinh ,.t t! nhin c trL = ,0ng

,en /# /iMn+ 6c t& thy trn /: &}t , c trn ruGt c" Gng ,.t s4ng = /iMn8

Vibrio harvQyi, V. splQndidusl q loi ,i 3huIn 7hn l.7 t cAc &u t& u tr0ng

, h.u u tr0ng /< /nh 7hAt sAng8 Uuy nhin Vibrio harvQyi&i 6c 5e& l loi ,i

3huIn ch yu gy /nh 7hAt sAng trn t&8Vibrio harvQyi thuGc gi4ng Vibrio+ hE VibrionacQaQ8 Q}c iM& chung c"

V.harvQyi l ,i 3huIn gr"& &+ hnh Hue thng ho}c h;i u4n cong+ 3xch thc *+)

*+ 5 '+ q+&+ gy r" hin t6ng 7hAt sAng sinh hEc trn t& trong &i tr#ng

/iMn8 V.harvQyi 3hng c &4i Hu"n h cGng sinh ,i /t 3 sinh ,.t /iMn no+ n >i

chuyMn /png roi8

Hnh 2.EE: Vi 9hu#n Vibrio harvQyi.

Xu"n sAt trong /ng t4i cAc " cy V.harvQyi trn &i tr#ng 7hn l.7 }ctrng thy 3huIn lc 7hAt r" Anh sAng 5"nh nht8 V.harvQyic 3h n%ng 3hAng ch


38/58

@ng 2.2 : }c _iF$ sinh h5a c'a Vibrio harvQyi.

%&c 'im Vibrio harv!yi

N,=64 (34 |D/ [6* T,\ F]37 ^,+ 7* ^,+ +(/_* ` aC |^,+ +(/_* ` 5YaC ^,+ +(/_* ` 4>/ +(b* cd N3Ce |^,+ +(/_* ` 4>/ +(b* 5d N3Ce ^,+ +(/_* ` 4>/ +(b* Yd N3Ce

Mf* B4 cg12h i1Wcjk _^,+ +(/_* +()* TCE# 5"nhT,\ Fgl Ge=


39/58

9in n"y ,n ch" /it r ,: c; ch gy /nh c" V.harvQyi+ Tiu J'((mK cho

rpng 7rote"se+ 7hos7holi7"se ho}c he&olysin c thM gi$ ,"i trC Hu"n trEng trong ,ic

gy /nh+ trong 7rote"se cystein gi$ ,"i trC l ngoi Gc t4 chxnh chxnh 4i ,i

Gng ,.t thy sn8 Fontero , Oustin J'(((K cho rpng li7o7olys"cch"ri>e c thM hnhthnh nn Gc t4 gy cht c" V.harvQyi >Cng q 4i ,i t&8 Nhn chung he&olysin

c" ,i 3huIn 6c coi l yu t4 Hu"n trEng c" cAc Vibriogy /nh /png cAch gy

nhi& tr0ng &Au , tiu chy = ,.t ch8

b. ?hDn ! !Jn hiu wuoru$ SQnsing Vibrio harvQyi hi ni$ *uoru$ sQnsing

Xuoru& sensing l c; ch thng tin lin lc gi$" t /o ,i t /o+ 7h4i h67 ,i

s! /iMu hin gene trong t /o ,i 3huIn M A7 Yng li &.t G t /o /png cAch sn5ut+ gii 7hng , >C t& cAc 7hn td >u hiu nhj+ 6c gEi l cAc 7hn td

"utoin>ucer Jeoir>t Q! al.+ q**z Uu "n> W"ssler+ q**mz Uinh Q! al.+ q**mK8 9 th4ng

Huoru& sensing i:u 3hiMn &Gt s4 HuA trnh = ,i 3huIn gy /nh nh s! 7hAt sAng+

s! ti7 h67+ to thnh 3h4i u+ s! HuBn t /By n+ s! hnh thnh /o td+ s! %n &Cn

sinh hEc+ sn 5ut cAc cht 3hAng 3hAng sinh , Hu"n trEng nht l s! hnh thnh

/ioil& , cAc nhn t4 gy Gc = ,i 3huIn nh cAc eny&e thy 7hn+ Gc t4+

si>ero7hore , cAc 7hn td g?n 3t Jeoir>t Q! al+ q**z Uinh Q! alTq**mK8 C3 ch( hoL! _Gng c'a h !h[ng wuoru$ sQnsing

V. harvQyi+ 9OR ' J9"r,eyi Outoin>ucer 'K l &Gt O9T JOcyl

9o&oserine T"ctoneK , HuA trnh sinh t1ng h67 c" 9OR ' /< thy 7hn /=i

eny&e Tu5F8 OR q JOutoin>ucer qK l &Gt ur"nosyl /or"te >iester+ HuA trnh

sinh t1ng h67 c" n /< 7hn hy /=i eny&e Tu5_ Jeoir>t Q! al.+ q**z Uu "n>

W"ssler+ q**K8 Urong 3hi + HuA trnh sinh t1ng h67 @OR 'J@holer"e Outoin>ucer

'K /< 7hn hy /=i eny&e @HsO JUu "n> W"ssler+ q**K8 Fi 7hn td >u hiu

"utoin>ucer 6c 7hAt hin /=i &Gt 7rotein 3in"se c& /in histi>ine t! Gng

7hos7horyl h" g?n trn &ng t /o 3hAc nh"u cho tng loi "utoin>ucer+ c thM l

Tu5N 7hAt hin 9OR '+ @Hs_ 7hAt hin @OR '+ 7hYc h67 Tu5S Tu5X 7hAt hin

OR q8 Ut c ) c& /in ny chuyMn nh& 7hos7h"te cho 7rotein ,.n chuyMn nh&

7hos7h"te chY" histi>ine+ Tu5w , Tu5w ny s~ chuyMn nh& 7hos7h"te cho 7rotein

i:u hC" >!" ,o + Tu58 Urong i:u 3in &.t G t /o th7 JtYc l nng G

"utoin>ucer 3hng Ang 3MK+ ) sensor ny hot Gng nh &Gt 3in"se , nh&

39


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7hos7h"te 6c chuyMn n Tu58 ^hi + 7hYc h67 Tu5S lin 3t ,i + Yc ch

s! /iMn hin c" gene & h" cho s! 7hAt sAng Jgene luXK+ , th 3hng c s! 7hAt

sAng trong i:u 3in ny8 &.t G t /o c"o Jnng G "utoin>ucer c thM nh.n r"

6cK+ s! t;ng tAc c" sensor ,i cAc "utoin>ucer c c0ng /n cht l& cho cAcsensor ny chuyMn t 7h;ng thYc hot Gng nh &Gt 3in"se s"ng 7h;ng thYc hot

Gng nh &Gt 7hos7h"t"se >n n HuA trnh 3hd 7hos7horyl h" Tu58 ^hi +

Tu5 /< /t hot+ >n n s! /iMu hin c" o7eron luX, i:u 3hiMn tr!c ti7 ho}c

giAn ti7 tt c cAc gene xch c" h th4ng Huoru& sensing8@; ch 7hn td c" s! 3t n4i ,i Tu5 >n n s! i:u hC" c" gene xch

6c 5Ac


41/58

ucijU!U

Hnh 2.EO: C3 ch( hoL! _Gng c'a cc h !h[ng wuoru$ sQnsing V. harvQyi.

c. C3 ch( ph! sng@; thM t& 7hAt sAng l >o /< nhi& &Gt s4 loi ,i 3huIn c 3h n%ng 7hAt

sAng thuGc gi4ng Vibriosp8 gy r"8 @hLng c 3h n%ng chuyMn n%ng l6ng h" hEc

thnh n%ng l6ng Anh sAng , to r" &Gt thY Anh sAng 3hA &nh &u lc nht h"y

l"& nht8 _! chuyMn h" n%ng l6ng h" hEc thnh Anh sAng trong s! 7hAt sAng sinh

hEc l &Gt HuA trnh ng6c ,i s! Hu"ng h678XuA trnh 7hAt sAng g?n li:n ,i s! c &}t c" o5y , 6c coi l s! o5y h"

hiu 3hx nhng 3hng >n n s! to thnh OUS & >n n s! 7hAt sAng8 Urong s!

7hAt sAng >o ,i 3huIn+ cht 7hAt sAng JTucierinK l &Gt "l>ehy> chui >i8 Ngoi r"+

th"& gi" ,o HuA trnh 7hAt sAng cCn c l",in&onoucleoti> JFNK+ Nicitin"&i>

O>enin inucleoti> JNOK+ o5y , eny&e Tucier"se 5Lc tAc 7hn Yng 5y r"8

FN9q q @99 FN 9q @9 Anh sAng

Tucier"se c" ,i 3huIn l &Gt 9etero>i&er c trEng l6ng 7hn td 3hong2*8*** /"o g& h"i cu trLc >i 7hn td l , c trEng l6ng 7hn td t;ng Yng

41


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l q8*** , )28***z nh$ng cu trLc ny c chYc n%ng ring /it8 Urung t& hot

Gng c" eny&e 6c n n s! &t i+ 3hng thM 7hc hi 3h n%ng 7hAt sAng , cu4i c0ng l& , t

/o ,i 3huIn8 F"cleo> J'('K cho rpng nh h=ng c" N"@l n s! 7hAt sAng l >o

n c tAc >ng n s! to thnh eny&e Tucier"se8Urong &i tr#ng ch- c '**** N"@l th ,i 3huIn 7hAt sAng ch- chY" xt

eny&e ny nhng s"u 3hi 6c chuyMn s"ng &i tr#ng c )**** N"@l th s! to

thnh Tucier"se t%ng ln &nh8Urong HuA trnh nui cy+ s! t1ng h67 Tucier"se t0y thuGc ,o &.t G t /o8

_! t1ng h67 ny /"o g& ,ic to thnh , thi r" &i tr#ng c; cht 3xch thxch s!

hot Gng c" eny&e Tucier"se8Vx > = ,i 3huIn 7hAt sAng V.mishQri tAc nhn gy c& Yng c cu trLc N J)

o5ohe5"noylK ) "&ino>ihi>ro qJ)9K ur"none JN 3etohe5"noyl ho&oserin

l"ctoneK8^t Hu nghin cYu >_ie&ore+ '(m(K , rt 7hong 7hL trong nc /iMn ,en /# = sng Rloilo+ }c /it t

thAng /" n thAng /y trong n%&+ &.t G nh& Vibrio7hAt sAng trong nc /iMn

ny l '*'n '*q@w&l8 @{ng theo &Gt s4 tAc gi 3hi V.harvQyitrong "o nui ln

n '*q@w&l th hin t6ng cht c thM 5y r" trong ,Cng 2 gi#8UrAi li+ &Gt s4 tAc gi 3hAc th cho rpng trn t& gi4ng t ngy thY '2 n

ngy thY )' c" chu 3 nui+ &.t G ,i 3huIn l (8*5'* @w trn &i &u g"n ty

c" t& /nh , m5'*@w trn t& 3hje8 Qi:u ny ch- r" rpng ngng'*@w&l trn g"n ty c" t& c thM ch7 nh.n 6c = )* ngy nui Bu+ >o

3hng cBn thit 7hi sd >ng cAc cht 3hAng 3huIn+ 3hAng sinh8^t Hu 3ho sAt c{ng cho thy trong su4t th#i gi"n >


43/58

Nhng nu c &Gt s4 l6ng ln ,i 3huIn V.harvQyitrong &i tr#ng th /y gi# n

s~ tr= thnh tAc nhn Bu tin gy /nh8d. U4u hiu bnh l

@Bn 7hn /it r s! 7hAt triMn c" t& /nh8 Nu trong /M t& c cAc 4& sAng

ln trn nh$ng con t& cht+ l >o cAc t.7 on cocco/"cilli tn cng ,o cAc con

t& gy cht 7hAt sAng+ hin t6ng l& s"ng ny 3hng Hu"n trEng8 ^hi nc /iMn

5d lZ 3hng t4t s~ th#ng g}7 hin t6ng ny8 Nu 7hAt sAng trn cAc con s4ng+ 4&

sAng rt nhj /n trong c; c" t& th l /nh >o V.harvQyi, V.splQndidusgy

nn8^hi /< nhi& /nh ny t& th#ng c nh$ng triu chYng 3hAc th#ng nhv /j

%n+ /;i l# #+ th#i gi"n lGt 5Ac 3fo >i8 Q}c /ic trong /ng t4i 7hAt r" Anh sAng 5"nh

lin tc = gc /M+ c thM Yng yn ho}c >i Gng8 U& /< nhi& /nh n}ng th#ng

l?ng Ay+ /t Gng , c thM cht '**\8+ u hiu /n ngoiv >u hiu M nh.n /it t& /< /nh 7hAt sAng lv t& yu l# #+

3f& /?t &i ho}c /j %n+ c &u s.& ho}c tr?ng c8 Fu s?c c; thM i 3hi chuyMn

s"ng &u hng8 U& /;i n1i+ t7 &f+ 7hAt sAng 7hBn Bu ng!c h"y ton thn+ c thM

nhi& '**\ n t&8 U& /nh c thM /< ng rong = &"ng , ,j+ g"n t& /< teo

li+ s& &u+ t& ch.& ln8 U& c thM /< cht ri rAc J'* q*\K , c thM t%ng ln

nu trong gi"i on ngy nui Bu tin8 ^hi t& nhi& ton thn+ th t[ l cht ln

n '**\8 Pu tr0ng c thM cht ri rAc ti hng lot }c /it = gi"i on ti:n u

tr0ng8+ u hiu & hEcv t& /< /nh n}ng+ soi >i 3xnh hiMn ,i &u 5o"ng /ch huyt ,

&u ruGt thy >y }c nh$ng ,i 3huIn >i Gng+ c; Hu"n ch yu nhi& 3huIn l g"n

ty8 U& gi4ng >i ngy nui /< nhi& /nh 7hAt sAng c /iMu hin t /o 4ng

/n tong g"n ty /< 7hA hy8 @h1 l& gi$" cAc t /o hnh 4ng /< /ng c sn

5ut8 Wnh c thM ly nhi& t cAc tri gi4ng+ "o ;ng s"ng "o nui th


44/58

)* )8 >i hBu nh 3hng thy /nh ny 5ut hin8 Wnh c thM 5ut

hin = 79 t m+ (+ /nh c thM 5ut hin 3hi &t to Gt ngGt h"y >o &i tr#ng

/in Gng &nhD @Ac ,i 3huIn gy /nh c thM c trong ngun nc c7 ,o "o

nui . hu vec phDn b[ bnhWnh 7h1 /in nhi:u n;i trn th gii8 Q}c /it ti cAc tri sn 5ut t& gi4ng8

^t Hu t ,ic i:u tr" ,i 3huIn 7hAt sAng ,0ng >uyn hi = UhAi T"n cho thy ,i

3huIn 7hAt sAng l &Gt trong nh$ng thnh 7hBn loi trong 3hu h ,i 3huIn = ,0ng

cd" sng , ,0ng nc l68Uheo &Gt s4 ti liu c" Shili77ines+ UhAi T"n , Rn>onesi"+ Vibrio sp. gy

/nh 7hAt sAng c{ng 6c t& thy trong nc /iMn ,0ng ,en /#+ nht l nh$ng n;i

c h& l6ng cht h$u c; c"o , c nhi:u 5Ac Gng th!c ,.t cht s"u chu 3 `n=

ho"a8 _4 l6ng ,i 3huIn Vibriosp. th#ng t%ng ,Et trong , s"u &0" &"+ nht l

cAc thAng '* 'q8 V ,.y ,0ng gBn /# /iMn c{ng 6c 5e& l ngun ly nhi&

chxnh882.5.5. Vibriosp. J*, +()*

2.5.5.1. 01ch s2 ph)t hin bnhVibrio anguillaru$l loi ,i 3huIn Bu tin thuGc gi4ng Vibrio6c 7hAt hin

gy /nh trn cA , n 6c 7hn l.7 t cA chnh nui = Qius et "l8

'(2K 5ut hin , l nh$ng tAc nhn gy /nh rt nguy hiM& cho cA hi nui =

UhAi Wnh ;ng , Qi Uy ;ng8Xu" HuA trnh tn ti , 7hAt triMn+ cAc gi4ng loi Vibriogy /nh c s! /in

1i cu trLc gen 3hAc so ,i /"n Bu+ ,ic ny >n n hin t6ng 3hAng thu4c+

44


45/58

c tAc hi nghi& trEng 4i ,i s! 7hAt triMn c" ngh: nui thu[ sn ni chung ,

nui cA /iMn ni ring82.5.5.2. (= ch* gy bnh

@; ch gy /nh c" cAc loi Vibrio= cA c iM& 3hAc /it so ,i giA7 5Ac8 V

trong thnh &Au cA c cAc t /o hng cBu+ y l ngun cung c7 ion echo ,i

3huIn Vibrios4ng 3Z sinh trn c; thM cA8 ^hi cA nui c sYc : 3hAng t4t+ cAc yu t4

&i tr#ng 1n it ,i 3huIn gy

/nh8 Urong tr#ng h67 cA c ,n : ,: sYc 3ho , i:u 3in &i tr#ng thu.n l6i

cho s! 7hAt triMn c" ,i 3huIn Jnhit G /in Gng+ h& l6ng 7rotein trong &i

tr#ng nui c"o888K+ s4 l6ng i th!c /o 3hng M tiu >it ,i 3huIn th ,i 3huIn

s~ c c; hGi tn cng ,o h c;+ & , cAc /G 7h.n 3hAc l& th;ng t1n , nh

h=ng 5u n chYc n%ng c" cAc c; Hu"n ny8 Vi 3huIn ly ion et &Au cA M

hnh thnh eny&e 7rote"se 7hc , cho HuA trnh t1ng h67 7rotein c" chLng+ t

chLng s~ gy hoi td & cA+ >Bn >Bn hnh thnh cAc ,t loft trn c; thM+ to i:u 3in

thu.n l6i cho cAc tAc nhn c; hGi 3hAc 5& nh.782.5.5.5. %&c 'im d1ch t/

a. }c _iF$ phDn b[ Qo ,i 3huIn ny th#ng gy thit hi ln = gi"i on cA h;ng+ cA gi4ng8

4i ,i cA tr=ng thnh Vibrioch- gy r" &Gt s4 th;ng t1n trn >" , l& gi& giAtr< th;ng 7hI& c" cA8

b. Bja v Xu4! hinWnh >o ,i 3huIn Vibrio5ut hin Hu"nh n%& nhng th#ng /0ng 7hAt ,o

&0" c nhit G c"o , = ,0ng nc c G &}n c"o 3hi cA /< stress+ tuy ,.y /nh ny

,n c thM 5y r" = 3hu ,!c cd" sng h"y 4i ,i &Gt s4 loi cA nc ngEt8c. >c hLi

F}c >0 ,i 3huIn c thM c& nhi& = cAc c; Hu"n /G 7h.n 3hAc nh"u nhng

th#ng chLng tn cng &nh ti& , h c; c" cA8 V ,i 3huIn c 3h n%ng tn cng

45


46/58

&nh ,o h c; nn tAc hi c" chLng rt nghi& trEng , 3h ch$" tr< trit M+ ,i

3huIn c thM gy nn /nh &n txnh = cA tr=ng thnh8 Nu /nh 5y r" c7 txnh th

h.u Hu thit hi rt n}ng n:8Q4i ,i u tr0ng cA h"y cA = gi"i on cA h;ng+ cA gi4ng 3hi nhi& /nh n}ng

t[ l cht c thM ln n *\8 Q4i ,i cA ln h;n th t[ l thit hi th7 h;n nhng cA

s~ gi& %n+ ngng %n ho}c 3hng ln n$" , 3hi thu hoch c thM Hu"n sAt thy

nh$ng ,t th;ng hoi td = trn >" , c; c" cA82.5.5.. 67u hiu bnh 48

a. U4u hiu lD$ sng@A /ing %n+ hot Gng /;i /< r4i lon8 @; thM c &u en }c /it = ,0ng lng

, trn cAc ,t th;ng t1nz >"+ ,y c thM sng ln , /< l= loft8 @; n1i hch+ &"ng

nh6t nht+ &?t cA li c8b. U4u hiu bnh !JchT7 c; >i >" c nhi:u s?c t4 &el"nin &u en , thM hin >u hiu hoi td+

c hin t6ng l= loft c" l7 /iMu /8 TA lAch+ g"n+ th.n /< hoi td+ ,t hoi td ny l"n

nh"nh+ hoA ljng , lA lAch s~ c &u j "nh o+ ri &t >Bn hnh >ng /"n Bu c"

n+ g"n chuyMn t &u 5A& nu thnh &u ,ng8 @Ac c; Hu"n /n trong 3ho"ng

/ng 5ut hin &ch &Au n1i r ln8 Ui& cA /< /nh 5ut hin cAc ,t nu en82.. CC HNG ^H^ sC tNH Vibriosp.

2..1. ^,+ ,/* K/ 9,=u* Vibrio sp.Jv* m,w* m,m *=>/ x2..1.1. >guyn t?cNui cy t%ng sinh 3h4i trong &i tr#ng c"nh 7e7tone 3i:&+ 7hn l.7 trn &i

tr#ng 7hn l.7 }c trng8 Xu"n sAt chEn nh$ng 3huIn lc }c trng trn " cy8Sh;ng 7hA7 ny c u iM& l ;n gin+ > th!c hin , xt t4n 3f&8 Uuy nhin

nh6c iM& c" n l &t th#i gi"n M th!c hin82..1.2. ()ch th@c hin

Ty &uv chEn ngu nhin q ) con t& JcAK trong "o nui c >u hiu nhi&

3huIn8 Ty &Au t& JcAKv &i con *+'&l+ s"u nhj ln cAc " chY" &i tr#ng U@W_+

>n :u 3h?7 /: &}t &i tr#ng+ &i con cy ln &Gt "8 trong t & = )* *@

trong q gi#8 Uin hnh thd nghi& cAc }c txnh sinh h" c" Vibriosp8 nh 3h n%ng sd >ng cAc

#ng glucose+ sor/itol+ &"ltose+ sucrose+ l"ctose+ g"l"ctosez 3h n%ng sd >ng

@itr"te nh ngun c"r/on >uy nht trn &i tr#ng _i&ons @itr"te Og"rz 3h n%ng

sinh g"r c" glucose+ 3iM& tr" 3h n%ng ln &en , o5y h"z 3h n%ng 7hn gii

46


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gel"tinz 3h n%ng sd >ng Nitr"tez 7hn Yng Rn>ol h"z 3h n%ng sd >ng cAc "ci>

"&in8

Hnh 2.E7: hu#n lLc c'a vi 9hu#n Vibrio sp. !r6n $%i !rng >[email protected]. ^,w* m,m 4/y* q, ,z p {nI#A i{*|4 n/*9 I44=*xnh }c hiu c" 3hAng

nguyn , 3hAng thM , g& cAc /c c; /n s"uv

^hAng nguyn ch" /it 6c g?n trn &Gt /: &}t8 ^hAng thM /it trc 6c rd" Hu" /: &}t 8 ^hAng thM ny 6c g?n 3t ,i

eny&e8 Uh& ,o &Gt c; cht Jsu/st"nceKz eny&e s~ /in 1i c; cht ny , to txn hiu c

thM 5Ac ich TR_OKv 3hAng nguyn 6c g?n ,i &Gt

3hAng thM }c hiu cho c0ng 3hAng nguyn cBn 3iM& tr"8

47


48/58

^hAng thM }c hiu s~ 6c th& ,o+ 7hn Yng to 7hYc h67 3hAng nguyn

3hAng thM c thM sy r"8Nu 3hAng thM 6c g?n tr!c ti7 ,i eny&e+ txn hiu Hu"ng

hEc >o eny&e l& /in 1i c; cht s~ giL7 7hAt hin 3hAng nguyn cBn 3iM& tr"8

Urong tr#ng h67 sd >ng 3hAng thM thY c7 Jsecon>"ry "nti/o>yK 6c g?n ,ieny&e thng Hu" cAc lin 3t cGng h" trng trong TR_O nhng ngy

n"y cAc cht 7hAt Hu"ng 6c >0ng rGng ri l& t%ng txnh }c hiu , G chxnh 5Ac

c" TR_O8 @ nh$ng 7h;ng 7hA7 TR_O nh s"uv2..2.1. A0CD gi)n ti*p Eindir!ct A0CD

@huyMn 3hAng nguyn /it ln /: &}t cYng J6c gEi chung l cAc "K8

^hAng nguyn s~ 6c c4 ng ng%n

cn s! h7 7h c" cAc 7rotein 3hAc ln /: &}t c" "8+ d" /: &}t " s"u chuyMn 3hAng thM J/it trcK ,o tt c cAc ging c" "8

^hAng thM s~ 3t h67 ,i cAc 3hAng nguyn 6c c4 "ry "nti/o>yK+ 3hAng thM thY c7 s~ 3t h67 ,i /t

3 &Gt 3hAng nguyn cCn > J/c ny c thM 6c /j Hu" nu 3hAng thM >0ng M

7hAt hin 3hAng nguyn g?n ,i eny&eK8

48
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+ d" "+ cAc 3hAng nguyn g?n eny&e cCn > s~ 6c loi /j8+ Uh& c; cht8 ny&e s~ l& /in 1i c; cht l& sn sinh txn hiu hunh Hu"ng

h"y txn hiu in h" hEc Jeny&e c tAc >ng nh yu t4 3huych iK8

Hnh 2.E: xqIS gin !i(p.

F.G.F.F. CandHich A0CDSh;ng 7hA7 6c sd >ng M 7hAt hin 3hAng nguyn trong &u nghin cYu

, /"o g& cAc /c c; /n s"u JHuy trnh c thM 6c th"y 1i trong nhi:u tr#ng

h67Kv+ @huIn /< /: &}t J&icrotiterK c g?n 3hAng thM8+ ^h" tt c nh$ng ,< trx g?n 3t 3hng }c hiu trn /: &}t8+ Sh &u chY" 3hAng 3hAng nguyn cBn 5Ac


50/58

Hnh 2.EP: Cc b)c !rong Sandich xqIS. ,1 ?h' _a bng 9hng !hF ,2 >h6$$~u cn Xc _"nh 9hng nguy6n. hng nguy6n ,n(u c5 s g`n v)i 9hng !hFK ,8

9hng !hF djng _F ph! hin _c !h6$ vo v 9(! hp v)i hng nguy6nK ,E >h6$

9hng !hF !h^ c4p li6n 9(! v)i Qnty$Q. hng !hF !h^ c4p s g`n v)i 9hng !hF djng

_F ph! hinK ,O >h6$ c3 ch4!. xnty$ s l$ bi(n _ng l horser">ish 7ero5i>"se , "l3"line

7hos7h"t"se8@Ac tAc nhn ny 6c trGn chung ,i &u >o trong >n n &u trong ging cng nht8 Uhx nghi&

ny nh"nh+ > >ng th!c hin8

50


51/58

Hnh 2.E: xqIS cLnh !ranh.2..5. ^,w* m,m CR i^


52/58

bi"i on /?t c}7v = gi"i on ny+ nhit G 6c h th7 cho 7hf7 cAc &i /?t c}7

,i 3hun8 Urong th!c nghi&+ nhit G ny >"o Gng trong 3hong t )* m*@

3hong * giy ' 7hLt8

bi"i on t1ng h67v nhit G 6c t%ng ln n mq*

@ cho NO 7oly&er"se sd >ng,4n l 7oly&er"se chi t q* giy n nhi:u 7hLt8Urong 7hn Yng S@+ chu 3 /" gi"i on s~ 6c l}7 li nhi:u lBn+ &i lBn

l& t%ng s4 l6ng /n s"o ln g7 i8 _! 3huch i c" 7hn Yng l theo c7 s4

nhn , theo txnh toAn+ s"u )* chu 3+ s! 3huch i s~ l '* so ,i s4 l6ng /n

&u /"n Bu8

Hnh 2.O0: Cc giai _oLn !rong phn ^ng ?C.2.W. CC ^HNG ^H^ H}NG NG~A V& IU TRt

2.W.1. E/* m,m m,* J*, +S* ,m2.W.1.1. (i t5o vI v sinh m:i tr,Jng nu:i

@i to "o trc 3hi ;ng nuiv thAo cn+ ,ft /0n Jrd" Ay "oK+ 7h;i 3h Jho}c

rd" chu"K , 3hd tr0ng "o nui ,i &c xch lv

52


53/58

it ng cung c7

@"q cho "o+ 1n 6c c txnh o5y hoA &nh 7hun ,o "ov thu4c tx& J^FnK nng

G q g&)ho}c Wen"l3oniu& @hlori>e JW^@K nng G t *+' *+ g&)M th"&

gi" ,o HuA trnh o5y hoA cAc 3hx Gc J9 q_+ N9)K thnh cAc ,.t cht ;n gin 3hng

Gc8 V sinh /png 7h;ng 7hA7 sinh hEcv 3hi nui Hui & ln c thM >0ng &Gt s4 ch

7hI& sinh hEc M ci thin &i tr#ng nui t&8 UAc >ng c" ch 7hI& sinh hEcv

ci thin cht l6ng nc+ 1n


54/58

sn+s"u chLng 6c chuyMn h" thnh sinh 3h4i l& thYc %n cho cAc Gng ,.t

thy snz gi& /t /0n = Ay "oz gi& cAc ,i 3huIn gy /nh nhv Vibrio s7+

Qro$onas s7 , cAc loi ,irus gy /nh 3hAcz hn ch sd >ng h" cht , 3hAng

sinh82.W.1.2. Tiu dit ngu9n g+c gy bnh^hd tr0ng c; thM con gi4ng trc 3hi th nuiv"o 6c tIy >En sch s~ ,

3hd tr0ng Ay "o+ nc &i thAo ,o "o c{ng lEc 3 nhng con gi4ng c thM

&"ng &B& /nh ,o "o h8 o ,.y ngun con gi4ng th ,o thu[ ,!c cBn tin hnh

3iM& > >ng nhi& /nh8 o &Gt

trong nh$ng 3hu Hu"n trEng M 7hCng /nh cho ,.t nui 7hi t%ng c#ng sYc :

3hAng cho ,.t nui8 @ho %n theo 7h;ng 7hA7 ` inh >ng thxch h67 4i ,i yu

cBu 7hAt triMn c; thM trong cAc gi"i on8

54


55/58

Q!" ,o trEng l6ng c; thM M txnh l6ng thYc %n+ th#ng s"u

3hi cho %n s"u q gi# 3iM& tr" nu %n ht l l6ng ," 7hi8 Nu %n th" nn gi& /t

lBn s"u+ nu thiu th t%ng lBn s"u JchL Z 4i ,i t& 3hi lGt 5Ac th %n xt8

Q nui t& th& c"nh+ &.t G

>y thAng thY )| cho %n lBnngy8 ^hi nui c thM >0ng 7hn h$u c; /n 5u4ng

thu[ ,!c /1 sung cht >inh >ng M cho sinh ,.t 7h0 >u 7hAt triMn cung c7 ngun

thYc %n t! nhin82.W.2. /= +(q

^hi t& JcAK /< nhi& /nh c thM sd >ng cAc loi thu4c 3hAng sinh nh

ur"cin+ 5ytetr"cylin+ trGn ,o thYc %n cho %n lin tc |m ngy8

0ng &Gt s4 3hAng sinh tr< /nh cho u tr0ng t&v

5ytetr"cyline W"citr"cin Jt[ l 'v'K nng G '|) 77&8

rytro&ycin i"&ycin Jt[ l v)K nng G '|q 77&8

rytro&ycin W"citr"cin Jt[ l 'v'K nng G '|) 77&8

Uhu4c 7hun tr!c ti7 trong /M s"u 'q gi# th"y nc+ 5d lZ ) ngy lin tc8

CHNG 5: L%T nUN V& LI%N NGHt5.1. L%T nUN

Xu" 3t Hu t& hiMu ,: Vibrio sp. gy /nh trn thy sn cho thy nh& ,i

3huIn ny c thM ly nhi& trn tt c cAc gi"i on 7hAt triMn c" Gng ,.t thy sn

, gy thit hi nghi& trEng cho ngnh nui trng thy sn trn th gii , ti

Vit N"&8 V.parahaQ$oly!icus l ,i 3huIn ch yu gy /nh 7hng ui cho t&+ tuy 3hng l"n

truy:n thnh >Ec thn trn t&+ /nh nhi& 3huIn trn cA trA78

55


56/58

V.harvQyi l ,i 3huIn ch yu gy /nh 7hAt sAng trn t&+ nu "o /< nhi&

V.harvQyi n}ng c thM l& t& cht hon ton8 V.vulnimicusl tAc nhn gy /nh cho cA chnh = Nh.t /n8 V.anguillaru$T V.ordaliiT V.sal$onicida l nh$ng tAc nhn gy /nh cho cA hi nui =

UhAi Wnh ;ng , Qi Uy ;ng8@ nh$ng 7h;ng 7hA7 thng >ng M 5Ac !" theo

nguyn t?c /?t >xnh }c hiu c" 3hAng nguyn , 3hAng thM+ 7h;ng 7hA7 S@ >!"

,o ,ic 7hAt hin on NO }c hiu c" ,i 3huIn Vibrio sp., c thM " n

nh$ng /in 7hA7 7hCng ng"+ i:u tr< thxch h6785.2. LI%N NGHt

@Bn tin hnh thd nghi& gy c& nhi& cAc chng ,i 3huIn Vibrio sp.trn Gng,.t trong nhi:u i:u 3in 3hAc nh"u+ }c /it l cAc i:u 3in gBn ,i sn 5ut th!c

t = cAc ,0ng8 @Bn &= rGng nghin cYu nhi:u chng ,i 3huIn Vibrio sp.3hAc nh"u M t1ng h67+

" r" cAc 7h;ng 7hA7 5Ac


57/58

8 Q Uh< 9o+ J'((K8 ;ghi6n cû $G! s[ bnh ch' y(u !r6n !%$ sW ,?QnaQus

$onodon nu%i 9hu vec ;a$ >rung @G8 Tu.n ,%n S8U_8 3ho" hEc nng nghi78X. Q th< 9C"+ W0i Xu"ng U:+ Nguyn 9uy {ng+ Nguyn Uh< FuGi Jq**K8@nh

h{c !h'y sn.N]W Nng Nghi7 Uhnh 7h4 9 @hx Finh8m8 9 ^Z , ct,+ J'((K8;ghi6n cû bin php phAng !r" bnh !%$ c8 U1ng 3t :

ti c7 nh nc & s4 ^N * 'q+ n%& '((' '((828 Nguyn V%n Uhnh , ct,+ J'(mK8(! *u nghi6n cû bnh _[$ _ c !r`$

c8 UuyMn t.7 cAc cng trnh nghin cYu Qi hEc Uhu[ sn8h. UrBn Tinh Uhc+ Jq**mK8?h3ng php phDn !Jch vi sinh vk! !rong n)cT !hec

ph#$ v $ ph#$.N]W biAo >c8'*8 UrBn Uh< Uh"nh U&+ Jq**)K8 ;ghi6n cû bnh _[$ !r`ng !r6n c !ra

,?angasianodon hypoph!hal$us nu%i c%ng nghip8 WAo cAo 3ho" hEc c" Vin

Nghin @Yu Nui Urng Uhy _n RR+ n%& q**' q**)8

T/ e/= +/-* A*,

'8 @l"u>e 8 Woy>+ J'((K8 a!Qr wuali!y in ?onds mor *ucul!urQ8 @o7yright /y

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http://tusach.thuvienkhoahoc.com/wiki/Sinh_h%E1%BB%8Dc_ph%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%ADhttp://tusach.thuvienkhoahoc.com/wiki/Sinh_h%E1%BB%8Dc_ph%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%ADhttp://www.ebook.edu.vn/?page=1.31&view=5020http://www.ebook.edu.vn/?page=1.1&view=5441http://www.mekongfish.net.vn/modules/news/article.php?storyid=68http://www.ctu.edu.vn/colleges/aquaculture/thuysanweb/modules/news/article.php?storyid=236http://www.ctu.edu.vn/colleges/aquaculture/thuysanweb/modules/news/article.php?storyid=236http://www.vietlinh.com.vn/kithuat/ca/fishdisease.htmhttp://tusach.thuvienkhoahoc.com/wiki/Sinh_h%E1%BB%8Dc_ph%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%ADhttp://tusach.thuvienkhoahoc.com/wiki/Sinh_h%E1%BB%8Dc_ph%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%ADhttp://www.ebook.edu.vn/?page=1.31&view=5020http://www.ebook.edu.vn/?page=1.1&view=5441http://www.mekongfish.net.vn/modules/news/article.php?storyid=68http://www.ctu.edu.vn/colleges/aquaculture/thuysanweb/modules/news/article.php?storyid=236http://www.ctu.edu.vn/colleges/aquaculture/thuysanweb/modules/news/article.php?storyid=236http://www.vietlinh.com.vn/kithuat/ca/fishdisease.htm

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