tissue part 4
DESCRIPTION
Histology NotesTRANSCRIPT
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SPECIALIZATIONS OF
EPITHELIAL CELLS
• BASAL
• APICAL
• LATERAL
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APICAL DOMAIN
• STRUCTURAL MODIFICATION– CILIA – MICROVILLI– STEROCILIA
• SPECIFIC ENZYMES (HYDROLASES)
• ION CHANNELS
• CARRIER PROTEINS
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BASAL DOMAIN
• BASEMENT MEMBRANE
• JUNCTIONS b/w cells & extra cellular structures
• INFOLDINGS OF PLASMA MEMBRANE
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BASEMENT MEMBRANE
• SHEET LIKE EXTRACELLULAR MATERIAL
• PAS +ve
• BASAL LAMINA & RETICULAR LAMINA
• TWO BASAL LAMINA
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BASAL LAMINA
• E/M 20-30nm• BASAL LAMINA A LAMINA DENSA B/W
2 LAMINA LUCIDA/ RARA• COMPONENTS SECRETED BY
EPITHELIAL CELLS – TYPE IV COLLAGEN, – GLYCOPROTEINS– PROTEOGLYCAN– ANCHORING FIBRILS (VII) BL & RL
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RETICULAR LAMINA
• RETICULAR FIBERS TYPE III
• UNDER LYING CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• COARSE ALL DIRECTIONS
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FUNCTIONS
• STRUCTURAL – attachment to underlying structures
• BARRIER & FILTRATION– Regulating movements
• REGENERATION
• Information for cell to cell interaction
• CELL POLIFERATION & DIFF. – Binding & concentrating growth factor
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JUNCTIONS B/W CELLS & EXTRACELLULAR
STRUCTURES FOCAL ADHESION
HEMIDESMOSOMES
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FOCAL ADHESION
• ACTIN OF CYTOSKELETON into BASEMENT MEMBRANE
• THRU TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN INTEGRIN
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HEMIDESMOSOMES
• EPITHLIA subject to ABRASION SHEARING• CORNEA , SKIN, MUCOSA• HALF DESMOSOMES• ATTACHMENT PLAQUE • INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT INTO BASEMENT
MEMBRANE • PROTEIN INTEGRIN ( CADHERIN)• EXTRACELLUALR COMPONENT OF
INTEGRIN INTERACTS WITH LAMININ & TYPE IV COLLAGEN OF BASAL LAMINA
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HEMIDESMOSOMES
•
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INFOLDINGS OF BASAL PLASMA MEMBRANE
• FLUID TRANSPORTING CELLS
• PCT , DCT, STRIATED DUCTS
• MITOCHONDRIA
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LATERAL DOMAINS
• APPOSED LATERAL DOMAINS
• UNIQUE PROTEINS & LIPIDS
• JUNCTIONAL COMPLEX
OCCLUDING JUNCTIONS
ANCHORING JUNCTIONS
COMMUNICATING JUNCTIONS
• FOLDS / PROCESSES
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JUNCTIONAL COMPLEX
• OCCLUDING JUNCTIONSZONULA OCLUDENS
• ANCHORING JUNCTIONS ZONULA ADHERENS MACULA ADHERENCE
BASAL focal adhesion, hemidesmosome
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TIGHT JUNCTIONSZONULA OCCLUDENS
• APICAL BAND• SERIES OF FOCAL ADHESION• OCClUDENS--- ZO---- ACTIN• BARRIER luminal &intercellular space• INTEGRITY OF DOMAINS• IMPERMEABILITY number of fusions• LIMITED RESISTANCE TO MECHANICAL
STRESS
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ANCHORING JUNCTIONSZONULA ADHERENCE
• BELOW OCCLUDENS
• BAND reinforcing ZONULA OCCLUDENS
• 20-30nm space • TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN
CADHERIN- CATENIN-ACTIN (actinin,vinculin)
• MECHANICAL STABILITY
• FACIA ADHERENCE SHEET LIKE, CELLS OTHER THAN EPITHELIA
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DESMOSOMES
• MACULA ADHERENCE• STRONG ATTACHMENT• SPOT JUNCTIONS• INTERCELLULAR SPACE 30nm• TRANS MEMBRANE PROTEIN
CADHERIN FAMILY (desmoglein & collin)
• ATTACHMENT PLAQUE (desmoplakin)
• INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT
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GAP JUNCTIONNEXUS
• COMMUNICATING JUNCTIONS
• VARIOUS TISSUES (coordinated)– EPITHELIUM, SMOOTH & CARDIAC
MUSCLE, NERVOUS
• EXCHANGE(ions,regulatory mol.& small metabolite)
• TWO CONNEXONS
• Connexins 6 (dumbell)
• HYDROPHILIC PORE 2nm
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