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Page 1: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

TISSUES

Page 2: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

A.Basics

1.1.TissuesTissues Group of cells with similar structure and function

2. The study of tissues =

HistologyHistology

I. IntroductionI. Introduction

Page 3: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

I. IntroductionI. Introduction

A.Basics 3.Tissues3.Tissues consist

of two componentsa) cellsb) extracellular matrix

of• water• small solutes • fibrous proteins

Page 4: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

I. IntroductionI. Introduction

B.B.There are 4 tissue types There are 4 tissue types

1.      Epithelial tissueprotection

2.      Connective tissuesupport

3.      Muscle tissuemovement

4.      Neural tissuecontrol

Page 5: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction
Page 6: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction
Page 7: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

II. Epithelial TissueII. Epithelial TissueA. Location

1. includes outer layer of skin

2. lines the tubes and open cavities of the digestive and respiratory systems

3. lines blood vessels & heart

Page 8: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

II. Epithelial TissueII. Epithelial Tissue

A. Location 4. covers walls & organs

of ventral body cavity

5. forms glands & sense organs

Page 9: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

II. Epithelial TissueII. Epithelial Tissue

B. Functions 1.  Protects from mechanical & chemical injury

2.  Protects against bacterial invasion3. Filters, absorbs, secretes

Page 10: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

II. Epithelial TissueII. Epithelial Tissue

C. DescriptionC. Description1. tightly packed cells2. little or not visible

matrix3. may have singular or

multiple layers

Page 11: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

C. DescriptionC. Description4. has a free surfacefree surface 5. is firmly attatched to a

basement basement membranemembrane

6. can divide rapidly (regenerationregeneration)

Page 12: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

C. DescriptionC. Description

7. is avascular avascular • receive nutrients by receive nutrients by

diffusiondiffusion

Page 13: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

D. Classification 1.  Number of cell layers1.  Number of cell layers

a. Simplea. Simple

• single layer of cellseach cell extends from the basement membrane to the free surface.

•Functionabsorption, secretion, filtration

Page 14: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

D. Classification 1.  Number of cell layers1.  Number of cell layers

b. Stratifiedb. Stratified• more than one layer of cells more than one layer of cells • only one layer is adjacent to only one layer is adjacent to the basement membrane.the basement membrane.• high stress areashigh stress areas

Page 15: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

D. Classification1.  Number of cell layers1.  Number of cell layers

c. Pseudostratifiedc. Pseudostratified• 1 layer of

cells• Each cell

touches basement membrane

• Appears stratified

Page 16: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

II. EpitheliumII. Epithelium

D. Classification 1. Number of cells

2. Cell Shape a.  Squamousa.  Squamous

• Squashed, scale

like• Flat nucleus

Page 17: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

2. Cell Shape b.  Cuboidalb.  Cuboidal

• Squarish or hexagonal in profile

• Nucleus round & centrally located

Page 18: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

D. Classification1. Layers2.Cell Shape

a. Squamous

b. Cuboidalb. Cuboidal c.  c.  ColumnarColumnar

• longer than wide• cylindrical• nucleus near basement membrane

Page 19: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

D. Classification

2.  Cell Shape

d. d. TransitionalTransitional

combination of shapes

• tolerates stretching

Page 20: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction
Page 21: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

II. Epithelial TissueII. Epithelial TissueE. EndotheliumE. Endothelium 1.  Covers and lines1.  Covers and lines

a) heart

b) blood vessels 2. Simple squamous2. Simple squamous

» slick & thin» capillaries are permeable

Page 22: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

II. Epithelial TissueII. Epithelial TissueF. Epithelial MembranesF. Epithelial Membranes 1.  Epithelium + connective 1.  Epithelium + connective

tissue = tissue = small organs small organs

2. Mucosae membranes2. Mucosae membranes» Line organs, body cavities» Open to exterior» Respiratory, digestive

urogenital

Page 23: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

F. Epithelial F. Epithelial MembranesMembranes

2. Mucosae 2. Mucosae membranesmembranes

– Lining of mouth = stratified squamous– Lg & Sm Intestine =

columnar

Page 24: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

F. Epithelial F. Epithelial MembranesMembranes

3. Serosa3. Serosa

• Lines ventral, visceral, parietal cavities

walls of air sacs in lungs = simple squamous

Page 25: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

F. Epithelial F. Epithelial MembranesMembranes

3. Synovial3. Synovial– Lines joints

– cushions, protects

Page 26: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

G. Cutaneous G. Cutaneous EpitheliumEpithelium

1. Is the skin1. Is the skin– Keratinized, dry

epidermis

2. Epidermis is stratified squamous

Page 27: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

II. EpitheliumII. EpitheliumH. Glandular EpitheliumH. Glandular Epithelium 1.  Characteristics1.  Characteristics

a) cells specialized to produce and secrete

substances b) cells typically columnar

or cuboidal c) Kinds:

Endocrine & Exocrine

Page 28: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction
Page 29: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

H. Glandular EpitheliumH. Glandular Epithelium 2.  EndocrineEndocrine:

a) produce hormoneshormones which

regulate or coordinate other cells

Page 30: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

H. Glandular EpitheliumH. Glandular Epithelium 2.  EndocrineEndocrine:

b) ductlessductless:release secretions

into the blood

Page 31: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

H. Glandular EpitheliumH. Glandular Epithelium 2.  EndocrineEndocrine:

c) Examples: thyroid, pituitary,

adrenal

Page 32: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

THYROID GLAND

LUMENLUMEN

Page 33: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

H. Glandular EpitheliumH. Glandular Epithelium

3.  ExocrineExocrine: a) release secretions

into the ducts

b) Examples: salivary, mammary,

sweat,oil

Page 34: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

E. Glandular Epithelium3.  ExocrineExocrine:

c) Structuresimple simple - unbranched

compoundcompound –

branched

Page 35: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

E. Glandular Epithelium3.  ExocrineExocrine:

c) Structure

tubulartubular – uniform diameter

Page 36: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

E. Glandular Epithelium3.  ExocrineExocrine:

c) Structure

acinaracinar – secretory cells in sac at end

Page 37: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

E. Glandular Epithelium3.  ExocrineExocrine:

c) Structure

tubuloacinartubuloacinar – secretory

cells in both sac and tube

Page 38: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction
Page 39: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III.III. Connective TissueConnective TissueThe most abundant The most abundant tissuetissueA. FunctionsA. Functions

1. bind structures together (tendons)

2. provide support (bones)

3. protection(cartilage

4. insulation(fat)

5. transportation) (blood)

Page 40: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective Tissue

B. Description1. cells scattered among

fibers and matrix • intercellular material

2. Vascular to avascular3. Cells capable of

division

Page 41: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective Tissue

C. Kinds of Fibers (Protein)1. Collagen

• Strong & flexible2. Reticular

• Fine branching fibers form supporting framework

3. Elastic• stong & elastic

Page 42: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective Tissue

D. Kinds of Cells1. Fibroblast

• Makes fibers & matrix2. Fibrocyte

• Mature fibroblast3. Macrophage

• Defense, phagocytosis

4.Plasma cell• Makes antibodies

Page 43: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective Tissue

D. Kinds of Cells5. Mast Cells

• Release heparin (anti-coagulant)

• Release histamine (dilates small blood vessels)

6. Fat Cells• Mature fibroblast

Page 44: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction
Page 45: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueE. Areolar connective tissue 1. Structure1. Structure

• collagenous & elastic fibers• all 6 types of connective tissue cells• filmy matrix

Page 46: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueE. Areolar connective tissue

2. Function 2. Function• Covers organs• Holds vessels &

nerves in place• 2nd line of defense 3.3.LocationLocation

• Mucous membranes• Under skin• Between tissues of organs

Page 47: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueF. Dense connective tissue

1.1.StructureStructure• Collagen

fibers• Fibroblasts

and macrophages

• Dense matrix

Page 48: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueF. Dense connective tissue

2.2.FunctionFunction• Provide

strength3.3.LocationLocation• Tendons• Ligaments

Page 49: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueG. Elastic connective tissue 1.1.StructureStructure• elastic fibers• Few

fibroblasts

2.2.FunctionFunction• Allows

stretching

3.3.LocationLocation• Lungs• Trachea• Arteries

Page 50: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueH. Reticular connective tissue

2.2.FunctionFunction• Hold cells of

loose organs together

3.3.LocationLocation• Liver • Spleen• Bone marrow

1.1.StructureStructure• Reticular

fibers• Thin matrix

Page 51: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueI. Adipose connective tissue

1.1.StructureStructure• collagenous &

elastic fibers• all 6 types of

connective tissue cells

• Fibroblasts specialize in fat production

Page 52: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueI. Adipose connective tissue

2.2.FunctionFunction• Food reserve• Prevent loss

of body heat3.3.LocationLocation• Around most organs• Beneath skin• Marrow of long bones

Page 53: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueJ. Cartilage1.1.General CharacteristicsGeneral Characteristics• Chondrocytes• matrix is semisolid to solid gel• lacunalacuna - a depression in matrix

which houses chondrocytes• perichondrium - connective

tissue membrane around cartilage

• no blood supply

Page 54: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueJ. Cartilage

2.2.KindsKinds• HyalineHyaline

Tip of noseSternumGrowth plate

of bonesDeveloping

embryo

Stiff but flexible

Page 55: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueJ. Cartilage

2.2.KindsKinds• Fibrocartilage Fibrocartilage – very tough

Between vertebraePubic symphysis

• Elastic cartilage Elastic cartilage – very flexibleExternal earLarynxEustachian tubes

Page 56: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueK. Bone

1.1.General CharacteristicsGeneral Characteristics• organic matter

- 35% (cells & fibers) • inorganic material -

65%(matrix & calcium

salts)

Page 57: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueK. Bone

2. 2. Types of bone cellsTypes of bone cells • osteocytesosteocytes - maintenance of

matrix• osteoblastsosteoblasts - bone forming

cells• osteoclastsosteoclasts - destroy bone

matrix

Page 58: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueK. Bone

3. 3. arranged into concentric rings arranged into concentric rings called Haversian systemscalled Haversian systems • lamella lamella - concentric ring of

matrix                              

Page 59: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueK. Bone

3. 3. arranged into concentric rings arranged into concentric rings called Haversian systemscalled Haversian systems • lacunalacuna - openings between

lamellae for osteocytes

Page 60: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueK. Bone

3. 3. arranged into concentric rings arranged into concentric rings called Haversian systemscalled Haversian systems • osteocytesosteocytes - mature bone cell

Page 61: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueK. Bone

3. 3. arranged into concentric rings arranged into concentric rings called Haversian systemscalled Haversian systems • Haversian canalHaversian canal - in center of

lamella; houses vessels

Page 62: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction
Page 63: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueJ. Bone

3. 3. arranged into concentric rings arranged into concentric rings called Haversian systemscalled Haversian systems • CanaliculiCanaliculi - radiating channels

between lacuna and Haversian canal for nutrients and wastes                     

Page 64: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction
Page 65: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

III. Connective TissueIII. Connective TissueK. Bone

3. 3. arranged into concentric rings arranged into concentric rings called Haversian systemscalled Haversian systems • Volkmann canalVolkmann canal - crosswise

canals from Haversian canal to exterior containing blood vessels and nerves

Page 66: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

IV. Connective TissueIV. Connective TissueL. BloodL. Blood

1.1.CharacteristicsCharacteristics • Only fluid tissue• Fluid matrix called plasmaplasma• Dissolved fibers in plasma• Cells

Page 67: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

2.2.CellsCells • erythrocytes (RBC)erythrocytes (RBC)

carries O2 & CO2• leukocytes (WBC)leukocytes (WBC)

immunity, defense• thrombocytes (platelets)thrombocytes (platelets)

blood clotting• lymph:lymph: takes interstitial

fluid back to blood, immunity

Page 68: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction
Page 69: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

IV. Connective TissueIV. Connective TissueL. BloodL. Blood

3.3.Location Location within blood vessels

4.4. Function Function transport of gases, nutrients,

wastes

Page 70: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

V. Muscle TissueV. Muscle TissueA. Contractile Tissue A. Contractile Tissue ProducesProduces1.1.Movement Movement 2.2.Heat Heat

B. 3 KindsB. 3 Kinds

Page 71: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

V. Muscle TissueV. Muscle Tissue

1.1.SkeletalSkeletal

B. 3 KindsB. 3 Kinds

• StriatedStriated• VoluntaryVoluntary• multiple nuclei multiple nuclei

Page 72: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

V. Muscle TissueV. Muscle Tissue

2. Smooth2. Smooth• non striatednon striated• InvoluntaryInvoluntary• spindle spindle

shapedshaped• walls of walls of

visceral visceral organsorgans

B. 3 KindsB. 3 Kinds

Page 73: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

3. Cardiac3. Cardiac• StriatedStriated• InvoluntaryInvoluntary• Branching cellsBranching cells• intercalated intercalated

discs between discs between cellscells

• heart heart • can't divide or can't divide or

replace cells if replace cells if injuredinjured

B. 3 KindsB. 3 Kinds

Page 74: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

VI. Neural TissueVI. Neural Tissue

A. FunctionA. Function

• conduction of information or instructions in the form of electrical impulses

Page 75: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

VI. Neural TissueVI. Neural Tissue

B. 2 Kinds of CellsB. 2 Kinds of Cells1.1. neurons: neurons:

• Conducting cells• can't divide, • 100,000 brain cells lost

daily!2.2. neuroglia:neuroglia:

• support, nourish neurons• limited repair of axons

Page 76: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

VI. Neural TissueVI. Neural Tissue

C. Typical NeuronC. Typical Neuron1.1. dendritesdendrites2.2. somasoma3.3. axonaxon4.4. synapse synapse

Page 77: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

VII. VII. HOMEOSTASIS & HOMEOSTASIS & TISSUESTISSUESA. Inflammatory Response A. Inflammatory Response 1.Inflammation produces

swelling, redness, heat, tenderness, and a loss of function at the inflamed site.

2.An infection infection is an inflammation produced by an invading organism, such as a bacterium.

Page 78: TISSUESTISSUES. A.Basics 1.Tissues Group of cells with similar structure and function 2. The study of tissues =Histology I. Introduction

BB. Inflammatory Response . Inflammatory Response 2.2. Sequence of EventsSequence of Events

homeostasis disturbed mast cells release chemicals blood flow and permeability increases clot formation isolates area phagocytes remove debris and microorganisms homeostasis returns