titel van de presentatie · qu1, rug, 20/4/2011 (sdj ) higgs elusive, illusive, delusive quantum...
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QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgselusive, illusive, delusive
Quantum Universe 1, 21 April 2011, RuG
Sijbrand de JongRadboud University Nijmegen
1
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
Intro SM
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 2
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
SM successes
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 3
Measurement Fit |Omeas−Ofit|/σmeas
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3
Δαhad(mZ)Δα(5) 0.02758 ± 0.00035 0.02768mZ [GeV]mZ [GeV] 91.1875 ± 0.0021 91.1874ΓZ [GeV]ΓZ [GeV] 2.4952 ± 0.0023 2.4959σhad [nb]σ0 41.540 ± 0.037 41.479RlRl 20.767 ± 0.025 20.742AfbA0,l 0.01714 ± 0.00095 0.01645Al(Pτ)Al(Pτ) 0.1465 ± 0.0032 0.1481RbRb 0.21629 ± 0.00066 0.21579RcRc 0.1721 ± 0.0030 0.1723AfbA0,b 0.0992 ± 0.0016 0.1038AfbA0,c 0.0707 ± 0.0035 0.0742AbAb 0.923 ± 0.020 0.935AcAc 0.670 ± 0.027 0.668Al(SLD)Al(SLD) 0.1513 ± 0.0021 0.1481sin2θeffsin2θlept(Qfb) 0.2324 ± 0.0012 0.2314mW [GeV]mW [GeV] 80.399 ± 0.023 80.379ΓW [GeV]ΓW [GeV] 2.085 ± 0.042 2.092mt [GeV]mt [GeV] 173.3 ± 1.1 173.4
July 2010
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SM fermion masses
4
e-υe L e+R(ϕ- ϕ0)
e-υe L e+R(0 v+H)
Electroweak interaction: left handed doublets right handed singlets
split masses in doublets: Higgs doublet to connect L↔R
dynamic symmetry breaking by vacuum expectation value
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Weak boson cross section unitary
5
+ E2 divergente+
e-
W+
W-υ
e+
e-
W+
W-
γ
e+
e-
W+
W-
Z+ E divergent
e+
e-
W+
W-
H+ log(E) divergent
?Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
quantum corrections
6
fermion loop ~mf2 Higgs correction ~log(MH)
Quantum Field Theory:Everything dependson everything else
running coupling constant ⇒ running masses
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
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QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SM Higgs boson perturbativity and stability
7
Higgs self coupling: λ(Q2)=λ(µ2)/(1-βlog(Q2/µ2) with β=12λ(µ2)/(16π2) explodes if mH>2v216π2/12log(Λ2/v2)
at small λ,top dominates in the running:∂λ/∂log(Q2)∝-mt/vλ<0 (Higgs potential unbounded from below!) ifmH2<6mt4 log(Λ2/v2)/(π2v2)
“The Probable Fate of the Standard Model”J. Ellis et al.,Phys.Lett.B679 (2009) 369
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SM Higgs boson properties
★ mass limited by perturbativity and stability
★ Turns up as log(MH) in quantum corrections
★ Couples proportional to mass:• preferably produced by heavy particles• decays into heaviest particles kinematically available
8
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
SM successes
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 9
!
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Tuesday, April 26, 2011
SM successes
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 10
!"#$
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Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Direct SM Higgs boson searches at LEP1989-2000
11
Energy pb-1
Z peak 162>189 GeV 2461>206 GeV 536>208 GeV 32
L3
Delphi
Aleph
Opal
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
OPAL detector
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 12
muon
electron
photon
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Direct SM Higgs boson production at LEP
13
Easy background
Irreduciblebackground
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Direct SM Higgs boson search channels at LEP
14
qq bb66%ll bb
6%
υυ bb19%
ττ qq8%
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs boson limit combination statistical methodtest statistic (discriminator): LLR(MH) = -2 log
The observation is: LLRobs
Determine what to expect for LLR with “toy experiments”for both hypotheses: PDF(LLR | b), PDF(LLR | s+b)confidence levels: 1-CLb = p(LLR<LLRobs | b) CLs+b = p(LLR>LLRobs | s+b)
To correct for small # events beingunlikely for both hypothese,modified frequentist: CLs=CLs+b/CLb
15
p(data | s+b)p(data | b)
s+b bobs
1-CLbCLs+b
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs boson limit from LEP statistical method
p(data | η) = ∏ (1/nk!)(ηsk+bk)nk e-(ηsk+bk) ×
∏ (ηskSk(xjk;mH)+bkBk(xjk))/(ηsk+bk;mH)
η 1 for s+b, 0 for bN number of search channelsnk number of candidates in channel kxjk (discriminating) variable(s) for candidate j in channel ksk, bk total number of signal, background events in channel kSk, Bk PDFs for (discriminating) variable(s) in signal, background
16
N
k=1
j=1
nk
Poisson statistics
discriminating variables statistics
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 17
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
106 108 110 112 114 116 118 120
mH(GeV/c2)
-2 ln
(Q)
ObservedExpected for backgroundExpected for signal plus background
LEP
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 18
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 19
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 20
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Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs boson searches at Tevatron1989-2011
21
CDF D0 (1992)
9.55 fb-1
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Dzero detector
22
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs boson searches at Tevatron
23
Higgs boson production and decay at Tevatron
pb Hard Easy
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SM Higgs boson search channels at Tevatron
Low Mass: WH → lυbb l=e,µ ZH → llbb l=e,µ,τ ZH → υυbb H → ττ H → γγ
High Mass: H →WW → lυlυ, µυτ(had)υ, lυ qq l=e,µ WH→WWW→ l±l±, l±l±X, l=e,µ,τ ZH →ZWW → lllX, l±l±X, l=e,µ
24
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs boson limit derivation at Tevatron
Modified frequentist as for LEP
BUT, with nuisance parameters:Extra Gaussian constraints★ to clamp background predection to observed data★ outside the expected signal region
Checked with Bayesian method (overall 1% agreement)
25
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SM Higgs boson limits at Tevatron
26
Text
(GeV)H
m
100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
LL
R
-5
0
5
10
15
(GeV)H
m
100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
LL
R
-5
0
5
10
15
!1 ! b
LLR
!2 ! b
LLR
bLLR
s+bLLR
obsLLR
July 19, 2010
-1<L> = 5.9 fb
Tevatron RunII Preliminary
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SM Higgs boson limits at Tevatron
27
Text
)2 (GeV/cHm130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
95
% C
L L
imit
/ S
M
1Standard Model = 1.0
)2 (GeV/cHm130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
95
% C
L L
imit
/ S
M
1
DØ Exclusion
-1DØ Preliminary, L=4.3-8.2 fb
SM Higgs Combination
Observed
Expected
!1!Expected
!2!Expected
March 7, 2011
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SM Higgs boson limits at Tevatron
28
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SM Higgs boson prospects at Tevatron
29
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
CDF bumpselect events withexactly 1 lepton (e,mu) with pT>20 GeVmissing ET>25 GeV andexactly 2 jets > 30 GeVPTjj>40 GeVM(l,ET)>30 GeVsimilar to WH selection,except no b-tags
30
arXiv:1104.0699v1
~4pb !
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs boson searches at the LHC
31
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs boson searches at the LHC
32
Day in 201125/02 04/03 11/03 18/03 25/03 01/04 08/04 15/04
]-1To
tal I
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rate
d Lu
min
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[pb
0
5
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15
20
25
30
35
Day in 201125/02 04/03 11/03 18/03 25/03 01/04 08/04 15/04
]-1To
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d Lu
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[pb
0
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35 = 7 TeVs ATLAS Online LuminosityLHC Delivered
ATLAS Recorded
-1Total Delivered: 28.8 pb-1Total Recorded: 26.8 pb
Day in 201024/03 19/05 14/07 08/09 03/11
]-1To
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Day in 201024/03 19/05 14/07 08/09 03/11
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60 = 7 TeVs ATLAS Online Luminosity
LHC Delivered
ATLAS Recorded
-1Total Delivered: 48.1 pb-1Total Recorded: 45.0 pb
2010:delivered 48 pb-1
recorded 45 pb-1
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs boson searches at the LHC
33
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs boson searches at the LHC
34
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs boson prospects at the LHC
35
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Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SM Higgs boson combining it all
36
[GeV]HM
100 150 200 250 300
2!
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8
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Theory uncertainty
Fit including theory errors
Fit excluding theory errors
G fitter SMM
OR
11
Max Baak,Moriond 15/3/2011
115 GeV < mH < 137 GeV
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SM Higgs boson combining it all
37
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We are here !
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Beyond SM: No Higgs
38
+ E2 divergente+
e-
W+
W-υ
e+
e-
W+
W-
γ
e+
e-
W+
W-
Z+ E divergent
!Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Beyond SM: No Higgs
39
+ E2 divergente+
e-
W+
W-υ
e+
e-
W+
W-
γ
e+
e-
W+
W-
Z+ E divergent
e+
e-
W+
W-
H+ Composite Higgs
? weak: deviating Brstrong (technicolor): multihiggs production
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Beyond SM: No Higgs
40
+ E2 divergente+
e-
W+
W-υ
e+
e-
W+
W-
γ
e+
e-
W+
W-
Z+ E divergent
Z
W-
W’+ W’ and Z’ bosons
W’ and Z’ shouldbe discovered atLHC energy scale
?W-
Z
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Beyond SM: Many Higgs
41
+ E2 divergente+
e-
W+
W-υ
e+
e-
W+
W-
γ
e+
e-
W+
W-
Z+ E divergent
e+
e-
W+
W-
H+ no divergence ?
?Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 42
Gauge particles
SQuarks
SLeptons
Gauginos
~ ~ ~~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~~ ~ ~
~ ~~ ~
~Higgsinofermion
hA
H±
hA
H±
~~
~ χ±1χ±
2
~~
χ02
~χ0
1~
χ04
~χ0
3~
Neutralinos
Charginos
Gluinos
MSSM:> 100 parameters
MSugra:4.5 parameters
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
2 Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) properties
43
h
AH±
Hϕu
0ϕu
+
ϕd0ϕd
+
Up
Down
W Zvu
vd
tan(β)=vu/vd tan(α)
lightest heaviestoften SM like(not always)
in general 2 free parameters: tan(β) & mAor tan(β) & mhor mh & mAIn MSSM more constraint
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SUSY 2 Higgs Doublet Model properties
44
h
AH±
Hϕu
0ϕu
+
ϕd0ϕd
+
Up
Down
W Zvu
vd
tan(β)=vu/vd tan(α)
lightest heaviestoften SM like(not always)
Higgs masses function of otherSUSY parameters:1st order mh<mZincl. higher orders mh<~140 GeVSUSY can be excluded bynot finding a light neutral Higgs
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SUSY Higgs searches at LEP
45
e+
e-
Z
hZ* e+
e-
A
h
e+
e-
H+
H-
Z* Z*
~sin(β-α) ~cos(β-α)
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SUSY Higgs limits from Tevatron
46
b b
h,A~tan2(β)
for large tan2(β)similar h and A production
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Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
SUSY Higgs: beware non SM behaviourFermiofobic Higgs: H→γγ
47
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Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )48
But acceleration not nearlyas big as SM predicts !
VEV inexpanding
space ?
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Canonical Quantization ⇔ Path Integral ?
49
V(ϕ)
µ2<0λ>0
-v +v
ϕ
Expandaroundminimum
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 50
Expanding around classical minimum gives:complex and non-convex effective potential (=sum 1PI Greenʼs functions)
In general effective potential must be convex(Symanzik & Iliopoulos et al. & Haymaker et al.)
For path integral approach:
this is indeed the case,and there is a huge discrepancy with canonical quantization !
Euclidean lattice calculations conform this picture (G.-J. Besjes, MSc thesis)
∫Dφ φ eiS(φ)/ħ
∫Dφ eiS(φ)/ħ<vac|φ|vac>=
IMAPP: Ronald Kleiss & collaborators
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
What if:
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 51
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Canonical Quantization ⇔ Path Integral !
52
V(ϕ)
µ2<0λ>0
-v +v
ϕ
ConvexEffectivePotentialsolves:- vacuum expansion problem- part of dark energy problem Phenomenological
implications???
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs and non commutative geometry(Chamseddine, Connes, Marcolli)
spectral triple: A matrices on H Hilbert space of spinors L2(M,S)⊗Mn(C) D Dirac operator on H: γµ∂µ Spectral action: count number of states of D on H up to cut-off ΛSΛ(D) = ∑fk ak(D2/Λ2) = (Λ2)2 f0 (1/4π2) ∫M √g dx + Λ2 f2 (1/4π2) (1/12) ∫M R√g dx + f4 (1/4π2) (1/360) ∫M [Rµ;µ +(5/4)R2-2RµνRµν-(7/4)RµνρσRµνρσ√g dx + ...
Local symmetries incorporated by D → DA=D+a[D,b], a,b∈ A
53
IMAPP: Walter van Suijlekom
& collaborators
Einstein-Hilbert Action if Λ2f2/24π2=1/8πG ⇒ Λ ~ Plank energy
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ )
Higgs and non commutative geometry
Standard Model: A= C ⊕ H ⊕ M3(C) (cf. U(1)⊗SU(2)⊗SU(3))
(btw: A= C ⊕ H ⊕ H ⊕ M3(C) gives also υmaj see-saw mass terms)relations between couplings: g3
2=g22=(5/3)g1
2 , g32f0=π2/2
Note: NO unification !
predicts Higgs mass at 168 GeV
Now attempting to include SUSY...54
IMAPP: Walter van Suijlekom
& collaboratorsII I
I I I I
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 55
Higgs
elusive: Yes, but probably not for much longer
illusive: Probably not
delusive: There is reason to be suspicious
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 56
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
QU1, RuG, 20/4/2011 (SdJ ) 57
Tuesday, April 26, 2011