tpiyfs;> $ypfs;> njhopy;epiy kw;wk; cw;gj;jpj;jpwd; m...4 54,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy...

tpiyfs;> $ypfs;> njhopy;epiy kw;Wk;

cw;gj;jpj;jpwd;

4Mz;bd; ,JtiufhyKk; njhifkjpg;G kw;Wk; Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsj;jpdhy;

njhFf;fg;gLk; Njrpa EfHNthH tpiyr; Rl;nlz; (NjEtpR> 2013®100)

kw;Wk; nfhOk;G EfHNthH tpiyr; Rl;nlz; (nfhEtpR> 2013®100)

Mfpa ,U epajpfspYkhd nghJ tpiy kl;lk; fye;j mirTfisf; fhz;gpj;jJ.

nghJ tpiy kl;lj;jpd; mirthdJ ghhpastpy; czT tif tpiy mirTfSf;F

,irthff; fhzg;gl;l mNjNtis czty;yh tiffspd; tpiyfspd; mirTk; Fwpj;j

msnthd;wpw;Fg; gq;fspg;Gr; nra;jJ. xl;Lnkhj;j czT tpiyfs; rhjfkhd toq;fy; gf;f

mgptpUj;jpapdhy; Jizaspf;fg;gl;L 2018 Nk kw;Wk; a+d; khjq;fs; jtpu Mz;bd; Kjy;

xd;gJkhj fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ tPo;r;rpg;ghijnahd;iwf; fhl;bd. kWgf;fj;jpy;> czty;yh

nghUl;fspd; tpiyfs;> gpujhdkhf vhpnghUs;> vhpthA kw;Wk; NgUe;Jf; fl;lzq;fspd;

epUtfpf;fg;gl;l tpiyfSf;fhd Nky;Nehf;fpa rPuhf;fq;fspd; fhuzkhf Mz;bd; Kjy;

xd;gJkhjq;fspd; NghJ xl;Lnkhj;jkhf mjpfhpf;Fk; Nghf;nfhd;wpidf; fhl;bd. Njrpa

EfHNthH tpiyr; Rl;nlz;zpd; Mz;Lf;F Mz;L khw;wj;jpdhy; mstplg;gl;lthW Kjd;ikg;

gztPf;fkhdJ Kjy; xd;gJ khjq;fspd; NghJ ngUk;ghYk; eL xw;iw ,yf;f kl;lj;jpw;Ff;

fPo; tpsq;fpaJ. Njrpa EfHNthH tpiyr; Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapyhd Mz;Lf;F Mz;L

mbg;gilg; gztPf;fkhdJ Mz;Lf;fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ Fiwe;j jsk;gy; kpf;fjhftpUe;jJ.

gztPf;f vjph;ghh;f;iffs;> Fwpg;ghf epWtdj; JiwapdJ ngUk;ghYk; cz;ikahd

gztPf;fj;jpw;F ,irthf mike;jpUe;jJ. Kiwikrhh;e;j Jiwapy; cz;ikahd $yp

Fiwnthd;W mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l NghjpYk;> Kiwrhuhj; Jiw cz;ikf; $yp tsh;r;rpiag;

gjpTnra;jJ. 2018 Kjyiug; gFjpapd; NghJ njhopy;epiyg; gf;fj;jpy; njhopw;gilg;

gq;fspg;G tPjkhdJ 2017,d; mNjfhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy; tPo;r;rpaile;j mNjNtis

njhopypd;ik tPjk; mjpfhpj;jJ. njhopw;gilg; gq;Nfw;G tpfpjj;jpd; tPo;r;rpf;F njhopw;gilapy;

Vw;gl;l tPo;r;rp kw;Wk; njhopy; nra;Ak; taJ Fbj;njhifapd; mjpfhpg;G vd;gd fhuzkhf

mike;jd. murhq;fk; gy;NtW epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lq;fs; Clhf njhopy;Kaw;rpapidAk; njhopy;

njhlq;Fjy;fisAk; Cf;Ftpg;gjw;F njhlh;e;Jk; topKiwfis vLj;jJ. vdpDk;> Njh;r;rpfs;

nghUj;jkpd;ik kw;Wk; ghypd rkj;Jtkpd;ik Nghd;w gy fl;likg;Grhh;e;j FiwghLfs;

gy tsh;e;JtUk; Jiwfspy; njhopyhsh; gw;whf;Fiwfisj; Njhw;Wtpj;Js;sJld; mitfs;

njhopy; re;ijapy; njhlh;e;Jk; epyTfpd;wd. ,yq;ifahpd; gpujhd Gyk;ngah; njhopy;

miltplq;fspy; jw;NghJ ,lk;ngWfpd;w Gtprhh; murpay; Nghf;nfhd;WlDk; ntspehl;Lj;

njhopYf;fhd Gwg;gLifapd; vz;zpf;ifapd; %yk; gpujpgypf;fg;gl;lthW ntspehl;L

njhopYf;fhd tha;g;Gf;fSk; tPo;r;rpaile;jd. murhq;fj; Jiwapy; gy NtiyepWj;jq;fs;

,lk;ngw;wJld; ehl;bd; nghUshjhu eltbf;iffs; kw;Wk; nghJkf;fspd; r%f tho;f;ifapd;

kPJ rpy ghjfkhd jhf;fq;fisf; nfhz;bUe;j mNjNtis njhopy; jpizf;fsj; juTfs;

jdpahh; Jiw Ntiy epWj;jq;fspy; tPo;r;rpnahd;wpidf; fhz;gpj;jd.

4

54

,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpfs;: 2018,d; Kf;fpa gz;GfSk; 2019,w;fhd tha;g;Gf;fSk;

ney; cw;gj;jpapy; nghUshjhu kPl;rp kw;Wk; mhprp

,wf;Fkjp vd;gtw;wpd; tpisthf 2018 Kjy;

xd;gJkhj fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ mNdfkhf mhprp

tiffspd; tpiyfs; kpjkile;jJ. Mz;bd;

Muk;gj;jpd; NghJ Fiwe;j kl;lq;fspypUe;j

cld; kPd; tpiyfs; gUtfhy fhuzpfspd;

tpisthf Fiwthd kPd; cw;gj;jpapd; fhuzkhf

Mz;bd; ,uz;lhk; fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ

Jhpjkhd tpjnkhd;wpy; mjpfhpf;f Muk;gpj;jd.

vdpDk;> Mz;bd; %d;whk; fhyhz;bd; NghJ

kPd; tpiyfs; XusT jsh;tile;jd. ePz;l

twl;rp epiyikfspd; %yk; Vw;gl;l Njq;fha;

cw;gj;jpapd; tPo;r;rp fhuzkhf mjpfhpf;Fk;

Njq;fha; tpiyfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; nghUl;L

2017 jpnrk;gh; njhlf;fk; Njq;fha; cs;sPl;L

cw;gj;jp ,wf;Fkjpfis murhq;fk; mDkjpj;jJ.

NkYk;> 2017,d; NghJ Nkhrkhfg; ghjpf;fg;gl;l

Njq;fha; cw;gj;jp 2018,d; ,uz;lhk; fhyhz;bd;

NghJ kPz;lJ. mjw;fika Njq;fha;fspd;

tpiy 2018 rdthpapy; tPo;r;rpnahd;wpidg;

gjpTnra;J 2018 khr;R tiu Vwf;Fiwa mNj

kl;lq;fspy; epytpaJld; mjd; gpd;dh; NkYk;

tPo;r;rpaila Muk;gpj;jJ. fha;fwp tpiyfs;

2018 Vg;gpwy; tiu tPo;r;rpg; ghijnahd;wpidj;

njhlh;e;J nrd;wJld; mjd; gpd;dh; 2018 Xfj;jpy;

tPo;r;rpnahd;wpidAk; 2018 nrj;njk;ghpy; NkYk;

tPo;r;rpnahd;wpidAk; gjpTnra;tjw;F Kd;dh;

mjpfhpf;Fk; ghijnahd;wpidj; njhlh;e;J

nrd;wJ. mNjNtis> cUisf;fpoq;F kw;Wk;

nghpa ntq;fhaq;fspd; tpiyfs; kPsha;Tf;

fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ mNjNghd;w tpjnkhd;wpid

xj;jpUe;j mNjNtis> Mz;bd; Muk;gj;jpd;

NghJ tPo;r;rpaile;j rpd;d ntq;fhak; tpiy

mjd; gpd;dh; mNj kl;lq;fspy; epytp 2018 Xfj;J

kw;Wk; nrj;njk;ghpy; tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.

y czT tiffspDs; jsk;gy; czT

jtph;e;j tiffspd; tpiyfs; Kjy; ,uz;L

khjq;fspd; NghJ jsh;tile;J mjd; gpd;dh;

xl;Lnkhj;j mjpfhpg;nghd;wpidf; fhz;gpj;jJ.

,t;tiffspDs; gUg;G kw;Wk; rPdp vd;gtw;wpd;

tpiyfs; gd;dhl;Lr; re;ijapy; mtw;wpd;

tpiy mirTfSf;fpzq;f efh;e;jd. gUg;gpd;

tpiy Mz;bd; Muk;gj;jpy; Fiwtile;jJld;

2018 Xfj;jpy; rpwpjsT tPo;r;rpnahd;wpidg;

gjpTnra;tjw;F Kd;dh; fpl;lj;jl;l mNj

kl;lq;fspy; fhzg;gl;l mNjNtis rPdp tpiy

2018Mk; Mz;bd; mgptpUj;jpfs;

tpiyfs;

nghJ tpiy kl;lj;jpd; mirTfs;

y Njrpa EfHNthH tpiyr; Rl;nlz; epajpfspy;

mstplg;gl;lthW nghJ tpiy kl;lk; 2018 Kjy;

%d;W khjq;fspd; NghJ tPo;r;rpg; Nghf;nfhd;wpy;

efh;e;jJld; mjd; gpd;dh; 2018 Xfj;J kw;Wk;

nrj;njk;ghpy; tPo;r;rpailtjw;F Kd;dh; 2018

a+iy tiu mjpfhpj;jJ. NkYk; nfhOk;G

Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;Zk; xj;j mirit

Ma;Tf;Fhpa fhyg;gFjpapy; nfhz;bUe;jJ. nghJ

tpiy kl;lkhdJ kPsha;Tf; fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ

ngUk;ghYk; czT tiffspd; tpiyfspd;

mirTfisg; gpd;gw;wpapUe;jJ. mjpfhpf;Fk;

Nghf;nfhd;wpd; kPJ efh;e;j czty;yh tiffspd;

tpiyfSk; nghJ tpiy kl;l mirtpw;F

gq;fspj;jd.

y jsk;gy; kpf;f czT tiffspd;1 tpiyfSf;F

kpfTk; ,ire;J fhzg;gl;l czT tiffspd;

tpiyfs; 2018,d; Kjy; ehd;F khjq;fspd; NghJ

tPo;r;rpg; Nghf;nfhd;wpd; kPJ efh;e;J 2018 a+d;

tiu mjpfhpj;J mjd;gpd;dh; tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.

2018,d; Kjy; ehd;F khjq;fspd; NghJ jsk;gy;

czT tpiyfspd; tPo;r;rpg; Nghf;fhdJ Njq;fha;

tpiyfs;> cld; kPd; kw;Wk; cUisf;fpoq;F

tpiyfs; Nghd;wtw;wpy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l

,iltpl;L epfOk; tPo;r;rpf;F Nkyjpfkhf

mhprp> fha;fwp kw;Wk; ntq;fha tpiyfspy;

mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l tPo;r;rpfspdhy; gpujhdkhf

J}z;lg;gl;bUe;jJ. mjd; gpd;dh;> mNdfkhd

jsk;gy; czT tifspd; mjhtJ cld;kPd;>

fha;fwpfs;> cUisf;fpoq;F kw;Wk; ntq;fha

tpiyfs; gUtfhyf; fhuzpfspdhy; J}z;lg;gl;L

Fwpg;ghf 2018 Nk kw;Wk; a+d; fhyg;gFjpapd;

NghJ mjpfhpj;jd. vt;thwhapDk;> 2018 a+iyapy;

mhprp> Njq;fha; Nghd;w tiffspd; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f

tpiy tPo;r;rpfs; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;lJ. mhprp>

Njq;fha;> cld; kPd; kw;Wk; Njq;fha; %yk;

J}z;lg;gl;L 2018 Xfj;J kw;Wk; nrj;njk;ghpy;

jsk;gyilAk; czT tpiyfs; NkYk;

tPo;r;rpaile;jd. 2017Æ18 ngUk;Nghfj;jpd; NghJ

1 jsk;gy;kpf;f czT tiffs; mhprp> ,iwr;rp> Gjpa kPd; kw;Wk; flYzT>

njq;F> Gjpa goq;fs;> kuf;fwpfs;> cUisf;fpoq;F> ntq;fhak; kw;Wk;

njhpT nra;ag;gl;l tplaq;fs; vd;gtw;iw cs;slf;Ffpd;wJ.

4

55

tpiyfs;> $ypfs;> njhopy;epiy kw;Wk; cw;gj;jpj;jpwd;

kPsha;Tf;Fl;gLk; fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ 2018

nrj;njk;ghpy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l rpwpa mjpfhpg;ig

jtph;j;J tPo;r;rpg; Nghf;nfhd;wpidg; gpd;njhlhe;jJ.

2018 Nk 5 Kjy; eilKiwf;F tUk;tifapy;

ghy;kh tpiy Nky;Nehf;fpj; jpUj;jg;gl;lJ.

ghy;kh> fUthL kw;Wk; Kl;ilfspd; tpiyfspy;

mtjhdpf;fgl;l mjpfhpg;G 2018 Vg;gpwy; Kjy;

a+iy tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ jsk;gy;

czTfs; jtpu czT tiffspd; tpiyfs; kPJ

Nky;Nehf;fpa mOj;jnkhd;wpid Vw;gLj;jpapUe;jJ.

NfhJik kh kw;Wk; ghz; vd;gtw;wpd; tpiy 2018

nrj;njk;gh; 01 kw;Wk; nrj;njk;gh; 4 njhlf;fk;

eilKiwf;F tUk;tifapy; KiwNa &.5 ,dhy;

Nky;Nehf;fp jpUj;jg;gl;l mNjNtis> ghy;kh

tpiy 2018 nrj;njk;gh; 19 njhlf;fk; eilKiwf;F

tUk;tifapy; fPo;Nehf;fpj; jpUj;jg;gl;lJ.

y 2018,d; Kjy; xd;gJkhj fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ

czty;yh kw;Wk; Vida nghUl;fspd; tpiyfs;

mjpfhpj;j Nghf;nfhd;wpd; kPJ efh;e;jd. vhpnghUs;>

vhpthA> g]; fl;lzq;fs; kw;Wk; Gifapujf;

fl;lzq;fs; vd;gtw;Wf;fhf epUtfpf;fg;gl;l

tpiyj; jpUj;jq;fs; ,t;tjpfhpg;Gf;Fg;

gq;fspj;jd. jput ngw;Nwhypa vhpthA tpiy

mjpfhpg;gpidj; njhlh;e;J cztfq;fs; kw;Wk;

Rw;Wyh tpLjpfspy; Jizj; njhFjpapy;

jahhpf;fg;gLk; rpy czTfspd; tpiyfspy;

mjpfhpg;nghd;W mtjhdpg;gl;lJ. NkYk;> vhpnghUs;

tpiy mjpfhpg;Gfisj; njhlh;e;J NgUe;J>

Gifapujk;> thlif tz;bÆKr;rpy;Ytz;bfs;

kw;Wk; ghlrhiy thd;fs; Nghf;Ftuj;Jf;

fl;lzj;jpy; mjpfhpg;nghd;W mtjhdpf;fg;gl;lJ.

itj;jparhiy miwf;fl;lzq;fs; jtpu

Rfhjhuf; ftdpg;G Nritfs; nryT 2018 a+iy

02 njhlf;fk; eilKiwf;FtUk; tifapy;

ngWkjpNrh; thpapypUe;J ePf;fg;gl;bUe;jik

Fwpg;gplj;jf;fnthd;whFk;.

Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;fs; kw;Wk; Kjd;ikg;

gztPf;fk;

Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;

y Njrpa kl;lj;jpy; Efh;Nthh; nghUl;fs; $ilapd;

tpiyg; Nghf;Ffis gpujpgypf;fpd;w Njrpa Efh;Nthh;

tpiyr; Rl;nlz; 2018,d; Kjy; %d;Wkhjq;fspd;

NghJ tPo;r;rpg; Nghf;nfhd;wpid gpd;njhlh;e;J 2018

Vg;gpwy; Kjy; a+iy tiu mjpfhpj;j Nghf;fpy;

efh;e;J mjd; gpd;dh; tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. mjw;fika>

2018 rdthpapy; 125.8 Rl;nlz; Gs;spfshftpUe;j

Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; 2018 khr;rpy;

122.8 Rl;nlz; Gs;spfshf tPo;r;rpaile;J 2018

a+iyapy; 126.6 Rl;nlz; Gs;spfshf mjpfhpj;J

2018 nrj;njk;ghpy; 124.4 Rl;nlz; Gs;spfSf;F

tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. 2018,d; Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;

Rl;nlz;zpd; mirT czty;yh tifapdhy;

ngUk;ghYk; gq;fspg;Gr; nra;ag;gl;l 2018 Vg;gpwy;>

Nk kw;Wk; a+iy khjq;fisj; jtpu Vida

fhyg;gFjpapy; gpujhdkhf czT tiffspdhy;

J}z;lg;gl;bUe;jJ.

y Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;zpy; Mz;Lf;F

Mz;L khw;wj;jpdhy; mstplg;gl;lthW

Kjd;ikg; gztPf;fk; Mz;bd; Kjy; ehd;F

khjq;fspd; NghJ tPo;r;rpaile;jJld; mjd;

gpd;dh; mjpfhpf;Fk; Nghf;nfhd;wpid 2018 a+iy

tiuglk; 4.1

Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;Rl;nlz;zpd; khjj;jpw;F khj ¾

khw;wk; (2013®100)

-2.5

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czT

rjtPjk;

czty;yh Nj.E.tp.R

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4

56


tiu njhlh;e;J mjd; gpd;dh; tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.

mjw;fika> Mz;Lf;F Mz;L Njrpa Efh;Nthh;

tpiyr; Rl;nlz; gztPf;fk;> 2018 rdthpapy;

5.4 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J Vg;gpwypy; 1.6 rjtPjj;jpw;F

tPo;r;rpaile;J mjd;gpd;dh;> 2018 a+iyapy; 3.4

rjtPjj;jpw;F mjpfhpj;J 2016 rdthpapypUe;J

mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l kpff;Fiwe;j 0.9 rjtPjj;Jf;F

2018 nrj;njk;ghpy; tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. mNjNtis>

Mz;Lr; ruhrhp Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;

gztPf;fk; 2017,d; NghJ mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l mjd;

mjpfhpf;Fk; Nghf;fpid jpUk;gr;nra;jJld; 2018

rdthpapy; 7.6 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2018 nrj;njk;ghpy;

4.0 rjtPjkhf xl;Lnkhj;jkhf FiwtilAk;

Nghf;nfhd;wpy; efh;e;jJ.

nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;

y nfhOk;G khtl;lj;jpd; efh; gpuNjr tpiy

mgptpUj;jpfis mstpLfpd;w nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh;

tpiyr; Rl;nlz;Zk; Mz;bd; Kjy; xd;gJ

khjq;fspd; NghJ Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;

Rl;nlz;zpw;F xj;j Nghf;fpid vLj;Jfhl;baJ.

2018 rdthpapy; 122.8 Rl;nlz; Gs;spfshftpUe;j

nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;

2018,d; khr;rpy; 121.4 Rl;nlz; Gs;spfshf

tPo;r;rpaile;jJld; mjd;gpd;dh; mjpfhpj;J

2018,d; nrj;njk;ghpy; 124.9 Rl;nlz; Gs;spfis

gjpTnra;jJ. kPsha;Tf;Fl;gLfpd;w fhyg;gFjpapd;

NghJ 2018 Vg;gpwy; kw;Wk; Xfj;J khjq;fs; jtpu

nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;zpd; mirT

gpujhdkhf czT tiffspd; mirTfspdhy; J}

z;lg;gl;bUe;jJ.

y Mz;Lf;F Mz;L nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;

Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapyhd Kjd;ikg; gztPf;fk;

2018 Vg;gpwy; tiu FiwtilAk; Nghf;nfhd;wpd;

kPJ fhzg;gl;lJld; mjd; gpd;dh; 2018

nrj;njk;ghpy; tPo;r;rpailtjw;F Kd;dh; mjpfhpj;j

Nghf;nfhd;wpy; mike;jpUe;jJ. mjw;fika> 2018

rdthpapy; 5.8 rjtPjkhftpUe;j Mz;Lf;F Mz;L

nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; gztPf;fk;

2018 Vg;gpwypy; 3.8 rjtPjkhf Fiwtile;J

mjd; gpd;dh; 2018 nrj;njk;ghpy; 4.3 rjtPjkhf

tPo;r;rpailtjw;F Kd;dh; 2018 Xfj;jpy; 5.9

rjtPjkhf gbg;gbahf mjpfhpj;jJ. mNjNtis

Mz;Lr; ruhrhp nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;

Rl;nlz; gztPf;fkhdJ 2018 rdthpapy; 6.6

rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2018 nrj;njk;ghpy; 5.4 rjtPjkhf

tPo;r;rpg; Nghf;nfhd;wpid gpd;njhlh;e;jJ.

ikag; gztPf;fk;

y Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapyhd

Mz;Lf;F Mz;L ikag; gztPf;fk;

mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l fhyg;gFjpapd; epiyahd

kl;lq;fspy; fhzg;gl;lJ. mjw;fika> Mz;Lf;F

Mz;L Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; ikag;

gztPf;fkhdJ 2018 rdthpapy; 2.1 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J

2018 Nkapy; 1.7 rjtPjkhf 2018,d; Kjy; Ie;J

khjq;fspd; NghJ Fiwtilfpd;w Nghf;nfhd;wpy;

efh;e;jJ. vdpDk;> mjd;gpd;dh; ,g;Nghf;F gioa

epiyikf;F jpUk;gpaJld; Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;

Rl;nlz; ikag; gztPf;fk; mjpfhpj;J 2018,d;

nrj;njk;ghpy; 3.1 rjtPjj;jpidg; gjpTnra;jJ.

mNjNtis mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l fhyg;gFjpapd;

NghJ fye;j mirTfisf; fhz;gpj;j nfhOk;G

Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; ikag; gztPf;fk;

2018,d; rdthpapy; 3.5 rjtPjkhftpUe;J 2018

nrj;njk;ghpy; 3.8 rjtPjj;jpidg; gjpTnra;tij

Nehf;fp efh;e;jJ.

cw;gj;jpahsh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;

y nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; Nritfspd; cs;ehl;L

cw;gj;jpahsh;fspdhy; ngw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;w

tpiyfspYs;s khw;wj;jpid mstpLfpd;w

njhifkjpg;Gg; Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsj;jhy;

njhFf;fg;gLk; cw;gj;jpahsh; tpiyr;

Rl;nlz; (ctpR 2013 fh4®100) 2018,d; Kjy;

vl;Lkhjq;fspd; NghJ fyg;ghd mirTfis

gpd;gw;wpapUe;jJ. midj;Jj; Jizj; JiwfspYk;

mjhtJ> Ntshz;ik> jahhpj;jy;> kpd;tY

kw;Wk; ePh; toq;fy; JiwfspYk; cw;gj;jpahsh;

tpiyfs;> mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ

fye;j mirTfSld; nghJthf mjpfhpj;jd.

mNjNtis> cw;gj;jpahsh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;zpd;

Mz;Lf;F Mz;L khw;wj;jpdhy; mstplg;gl;lthW>

cw;gj;jpahsh; tpiyg; gztPf;fkhdJ Ntshz;ik

Jizj; Jiwapy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l cw;gj;jpahsh;

tpiyg; gztPf;fj;jpd; Nghf;fpid mNdfkhfg;

gpd;njhlh;e;J 2018 khr;R kw;Wk; a+iy jtpu 2018,d;

Kjy; vl;L khjq;fspd; NghJ tPo;r;rpaile;j

Nghf;nfhd;wpidf; fhz;gpj;jJ.

tpiyfs; kPjhd ,iwf; nfhs;if topKiwfspd;

jhf;fk;

y kPsha;Tf; fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ vLf;fg;gl;l

gy;NtW ,iwf; nfhs;if topKiwfs; nghJ

tpiy kl;lj;jpd; kPJ Neubahd jhf;fnkhd;wpidf;

4

57


nfhz;bUe;jd. cah;tilfpd;w cs;ehl;L

tpiyfisj; jLg;gjw;F mhprp kw;Wk; Njq;fha;

cs;sPl;L cw;gj;jpfis ,wf;Fkjp nra;tjw;fhd

jPh;khdk; tpiy kl;lj;jpd; kPJ rhjfkhd

jhf;fnkhd;wpidf; nfhz;bUe;jJ. gUtfhykw;w

fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ Nky;Nehf;fpj; jpUj;jg;gl;l

cUisf;fpoq;F kw;Wk; nghpa ntq;fhak; Nghd;w

rpy ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;l czTg; gz;lj;

jPh;it Fiwthd epuk;gy; fhuzkhf tpiyfis

mjpfhpj;jJ vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;. 2018 Nk

11 Kjy; eilKiwf;FtUk; tpjj;jpy; vhpnghUs;

tpiyfSf;fhd nryTg; gpujpgypg;G #j;jpuj;jpid

eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd jPh;khdkhdJ gztPf;f

mOj;jk; Fiwthff; fhzg;gl;l fhyg;gFjpapd;

NghJ vLf;fg;gl;l chpa fhy jPh;khdkhf

mike;jpUe;jJ.

gztPf;f vjph;ghh;f;iffs;

y epWtdj; Jiwapd; gztPf;f vjph;ghh;f;iffs; 2018

rdthp Kjy; 2018 a+iy tiu mjd; Nghf;fpid

mJ jpUk;gyilar; nra;Ak; tiu Fiwtile;jJ.

2018,d; Kjy; xd;gJkhj fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ

mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l vjph;ghh;f;iffspy; fhzg;gl;l

Nghf;fhdJ mYty;rhh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;fs;

%yk; gpujpgypf;fg;gl;l cz;ikg; gztPf;fj;jpd;

Nghf;fpw;F ,irthff; fhzg;gl;lJ. mz;ikf;fhy

vhpnghUs; tpiy cah;Tfs; kw;Wk; cs;ehl;L

ehzak; Nja;tiljy; vd;gdtw;wpd; ClWj;Jr;

nry;Yk; jhf;fq;fs; epWtdj; Jiwapd;

vjph;ghh;f;fg;gl;l gztPf;fj;jpidj; J}z;bd.

mNjNtis> epWtdj; Jiwapidtpl ,ay;ghfNt

cah;e;j kl;lj;jpy; fhzg;gLfpd;w tPl;lyFj;

Jiwapd; gztPf;f vjph;ghh;f;iffs; 2018 Nk

njhlf;fk; Xfj;J tiuahd vjph;ghh;f;iffspy;

njhlh;r;rpahd tPo;r;rpapidj; njhlh;e;J 2018

nrj;njk;ghpy; mjpfhpj;jJ. cs;ehl;L toq;fy;

gf;f epiyikfs; kw;Wk; vhpnghUs; tpiy

cah;Tfs; vd;gd mtw;wpd; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gl;l

gztPf;fj;jpw;fhd gpujhd fhuzq;fshf vLj;Jf;

$wg;gl;bUe;jd.

$ypfs;

y nghJj; Jiwf; $yp tPjr; Rl;nlz; %yk; (2012®100)

mstplg;gl;lthW jsh;e;j mbg;gilnahd;wpy;

mbg;gilr; rk;gsj;jpw;F ,ilf;fhyf;

nfhLg;gdtpid cs;slf;Ftjd; fhuzkhf

murhq;fj; Jiw Copah;fspd; ngausTf;

$ypfs; 2018,d; Kjy; vl;L khjq;fspy; 0.1

rjtPjj;jpdhy; rpwpjsT mjpfhpj;jJ. vdpDk;>

mNjfhyg; gFjpapd; NghJ 2.7 rjtPjk; nfhz;l

cz;ikf; $yp Fiwnthd;wpid murhq;fj; Jiw

Copah;fs; mDgtpj;jdh;. murhq;fj; Jiwapy;

rk;gs Kuz;ghLfisj; jPh;g;gjw;F 2018 Xfj;J 20

md;W 15 cWg;gpdh;fisf; nfhz;l tpNrl rk;gs

Mizf;FOnthd;W epakpf;fg;gl;lJ.

y $yp eph;za rigfspdhy; Msg;gLfpd;w

Copah;fspd; rk;gsq;fspd; Fiwe;jgl;r

rk;gs tPjr; Rl;nlz; (1978 jpnrk;gh; = 100)

%yk; mstplg;gl;lthW Kiw rhh;e;j jdpahh;

JiwapYs;s Copah;fspd; ngaustpyhd

$ypfs; 2018,d; Kjy; vl;L khjq;fspy; 0.1

rjtPjj;jpdhy; rpwpjsT mjpfhpj;jJ. ,jw;F

2018 Xfj;jpy; mr;rply;> Glit> lah; kw;Wk;

ba+g; jahhpj;jy; mj;Jld; Mil jahhpg;G

th;j;jfq;fspy; Fiwe;jgl;r $ypfspd; mjpfhpg;G

gpujhd fhuzkhf mike;jpUe;jJ. fhyg;gFjpapd;

NghJ ngausTf; $yptPjr; Rl;nlz;zpd; rjtPj

mjpfhpg;G rpwpjsthf mjpfhpj;jpUe;jikahy;

Kiwrhh;e;j jdpahh; JiwapYs;s Copah;fspd;

cz;ikf; $ypfs;> mNjfhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ 4.4

rjtPjj;jpdhy; tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.

y Kiwrhuh jdpahh; Jiwf; $yp tPjr; Rl;nlz;

(2012®100) %yk; mstplg;gl;lthW Kiwrhuh

Jiwapd; $ypfs; mNefkhf njhopy; Nfs;tp

kw;Wk; toq;fy; epiyik vd;gtw;wpd; mbg;gilapy;

epUzapf;fg;gLtjpdhy; Kiwrhuh jdpahh; Jiw

Copah;fspd; ngaustpyhd $ypfs; 2018,d; Kjy;

0

1

2

3

4

56

7

8

9

tiuglk; 4.3

fk;gdpj;Jiwapd; gztPf;f vjph;ghh;f;iffs;

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rd.

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nrj;.

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jpnr.

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4

58


vl;Lkhjq;fspd; NghJ 13.3 rjtPjnkhd;wpdhy;

Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT mjpfhpj;jJ. mNjNtis

Kiwrhuh Jiwapd; cz;ikf; $ypfSk; 2018,d;

Kjy; vl;Lkhjq;fspd; NghJ 10.0 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT mjpfhpj;jd. nfhj;jehh; kw;Wk;

jr;Rj; njhopy; $ypfs; njhlh;Gila njhopy;fspy;

mjpfhpj;j njhopyhsh; Nfs;tpapd; fhuzkhf

mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ $ypfspd;

mjpfhpg;G mtjhdpf;fg;gl;lJ.

njhopw;gilAk; njhopy;epiyAk;

y njhifkjpg;Gg; Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsj;jpdhy;

ntspaplg;gl;l Gs;sptpguq;fSf;fika

njhopy;nra;Ak; taJf; Fbj;njhifahdJ2

njhopy; re;ijapy; tplhg;gpbahd fl;likg;G

rhh;e;j gpur;ridfs; fhuzkhf njhopw;gilf;fhd

mjd; cw;gj;jpwd;tha;e;j gq;fspg;G rhj;jpakhf

Fiwe;j kl;lj;jpy; epytpa NghjpYk; 2018,d;

Kjyiug; gFjpapy; mjpfhpj;jJ. njhopw;gilg;

gq;Nfw;G tPjk; kPsha;Tf; fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ 51.5

rjtPjkhf tPo;r;rpaile;j mNjNtis 2017,d;

NghJ cj;Ntfk; ngw;wpUe;j ngz; njhopw;gil

gq;Nfw;G tPjk; 33.0 rjtPjj;jpw;F tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.

mNjNtis xl;Lnkhj;j njhopypd;ik tPjk; 4.5

rjtPjj;jpw;F mjpfhpj;jJ. njhopyhsUf;fhd

Nfs;tp Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT cah;thff; fhzg;gl;l

NghjpYk; ,isNahh;> fy;tpj; jifik ngw;Nwhh;

kw;Wk; ngz;fs; kj;jpapy; njhopypd;ikahdJ

2 njhopy;GhpAk; taJ Fbj;njhifahdJ taJ 15 tUlq;fs; kw;Wk; mjw;F

Nkyhd nghUshjhu hPjpapy; nraw;gLfpd;w Fbj;njhifapdh; (njhopw;gil)

kw;Wk; nghUshjhu hPjpapy; nraw;glhj Fbj;njhifapdh; Mfpa

,UtiuAk; cs;slf;Ffpd;wJ.

Nkk;gLj;jYf;fhd vt;tpj mwpFwpfSkpd;wp cah;

kl;lj;jpy; njhlh;e;Jk; fhzg;gl;lJ. njhopyhsh;

Nfs;tp kw;Wk; epuk;gypy; nghUj;jkpd;ik vd;gd

ke;jkhd kdpj %yjd mgptpUj;jpr; nrad;Kiw

kw;Wk; khw;wkile;JtUk; njhopw;re;ijj;

Njitg;ghLfs; vd;gtw;Wf;fpilapyhd

,irtpd;ik ngWNgnwhd;whf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ vd;w

cz;ikkPJ njhopy;jUeh;fs; njhlh;e;Jk; mOj;jk;

njhptpj;jdh;. njhopw; re;ijf; Fwpfhl;bfs;

%yk; vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gl;l mz;ikf;fhy

,irtpd;ikahdJ mirTfs; fle;j fhyj;jpy;

ghjfkhd thdpiyapdhy; Nkhrkhfg; ghjpf;fg;gl;l

ghhpastpyhd Kiwrhuhj; Jiw kw;Wk; FWfpa

njhopy; fhyr;Row;rpfs;> cah; njhopyhsh;

Gus;T kw;Wk; RatpUg;gj; njhopypd;ik Nghd;w

etPd fhy njhopy; ,af;fthw;wy; vd;gtw;wpw;Fr;

rhl;lg;glf;$bajhFk;.

njhopw;gil

y njhopy; nra;fpd;w taJ tPl;lyFf; Fbj;njhifapy;

2.8 rjtPj mjpfhpg;nghd;Wf;F kj;jpapYk; 2018,d;

Kjyiug; gFjpapy; njhopw;gilahdJ 2017,d;

njhlh;Gila fhyg;gFjpapd; 8.551 kpy;ypadpypUe;J

8.343 kpy;ypad; Ml;fshf 2.4 rjtPjj;jhy;

tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. njhopw;gilahdJ 15 taJ

kw;Wk; mjw;Ff;$ba taJila nghUshjhu

hPjpahf nraw;ghLila Fbj;njhifapid

cs;slf;Ffpd;wJ. njhopw;gilapy; tPo;r;rpahdJ

ngz;fs;> Fwpg;ghf fpuhkpaj; Jiwapy;

cs;sth;fs; kj;jpapy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhftpUe;jJ.

mNjNtis> 2018,d; Kjyiug; gFjpapd; NghJ

njhopy; nra;fpd;w taJ tPl;lyF Fbj;njhifapd;

ghfnkhd;wpidj; Njhw;Wtpf;fpd;w nghUshjhu

hPjpahf nraw;ghlw;w Fbj;njhif Kd;ida

Mz;bd; mNj fhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy; 9.0

rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfhpj;jJ. nghUshjhu hPjpahf

nraw;ghlw;w Fbj;njhifapy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l

mjpfhpg;ghdJ gpujhdkhf Muk;gj;jpy;

Ntshz;ikj; Jiwapidg; ghjpj;J gpd;dh;

ifj;njhopy; kw;Wk; Nritj; JiwfspDs;

nrd;wile;j gy gaph;r;nra;ifg; gUtfhyq;fs;

KOtJk; ,lk;ngw;w thdpiyAld; njhlh;Ggl;l

,ilj;jlq;fy;fspdhy; Vw;gl;bUe;jJ. NkYk;>

2017 kw;Wk; 2018 fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ Kd;Ndhbr;

nraw;wpl;lnkhd;whf elhj;jg;gl;l 13 tUl

cj;juthjkspf;fg;gl;l fy;tp epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk;

fw;iffspd; <LghL fhuzkhf ,isNahh; kj;jpapy;

nghUshjhu nraw;ghbd;ikia Njhw;Wtpj;Js;sJ

vd Cfpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

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0.02.04.06.08.0

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tiuglk; 4.4

cz;ikf; $yptPjr; Rl;nlz;fspd; Mz;Lr;ruhrhp khw;wk;

Xfj;. nrj;. xj;. ent. jpnr. rd. ngg;. khh;. Vg;. A+d;. A+iy. Xfj;.Nk.

Kiwrhuhj; jdpahh;Jiw nghJ kw;Wk;

Kiwrhh; jdpahh;j;Jiwfs;

4

59


y 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy;> njhopy;nra;Ak;

taJf; Fbj;njhiff;fhd njhopw;gil

tpfpjkhd njhopw;gilg; gq;Nfw;G tPjkhdJ

2017,d; njhlh;ghd fhyg;gFjpapd; 54.3

rjtPjj;Jld; xg;gpLifapy; njhopy;nra;Ak;

taJ Fbj;njhifapy; mjpfhpg;Gf;F kj;jpapYk;

njhopw;gilapd; tPo;r;rpapd; tpistpd; fhuzkhf

51.5 rjtPjkhf tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. fle;j tUlj;jpd;

mNj fhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy; 2018,d;

Kjyiug;gFjpapd; ngz; kw;Wk; Mz; ,uz;bdJk;

njhopw;gilg; gq;Nfw;G tPjk; ,t;tgptpUj;jpf;Fg;

gq;fspj;jJ. 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; Mz;

njhopw;gilg; gq;Nfw;G tPjk; 73.0 rjtPjkhfTk;

ngz; njhopw;gilg; gq;Nfw;G tPjk; 33.0 rjtPjkhfTk;

,Ue;jJ. ngz;fs; %ykhd nraw;ghLkpf;f

nghUshjhug; gq;fspg;G rhj;jpaj;jd;ikf;F ,d;Dk;

fPNo fhzg;gLtjdhy; ngz; njhopw;gilapid

mjpfhpj;jy; nghUshjhuj;jpd; fLikahd

njhopyhsh; gw;whf;Fiwf;fhd epiyngwj;jf;f

jPh;nthd;whf ,ay;ghfNt Njhw;wk; ngWk;. ,J

mjpfhpj;j tPl;lyF tUkhd kl;lq;fSf;F

,l;Lr; nry;tJld; Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l tho;f;ifj;

juj;Jld; nghUshjhuj;jpy; tpUk;gg;gl;l tsh;r;rp

cj;Ntfj;jpidAk; trjpg;gLj;Jk;.

njhopy;epiy

y 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; nghUshjhuj;jpy;

epiwT nra;ag;gl;l njhopy; Nfs;tpapidg;

gpujpgypf;fpd;w njhopy;ngw;Nwhh; vz;zpf;if

2017,d; njhlh;Gila fhyg;gFjpapd; Nghjhd 8.184

kpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLifapy; 7.966 kpy;ypadhf 2.7

rjtPjj;jpdhy; Fiwtile;jJ. Jiwrhh; njhopy;

njhlh;gpy;> gzpfs; JiwahdJ nkhj;j njhopypd;

46.8 rjtPjj;jpw;F tif$Wfpd;w Kd;dzpj;

njhopy; cUthf;Feuhf njhlh;e;Jk; tpsq;fpaJ.

Ntshz;ik kw;Wk; ifj;njhopy; Jiwfs; 2018,d;

Kjyiug; gFjpapd; NghJ nkhj;jj; njhopypd;

KiwNa 25.5 rjtPjk; kw;Wk; 27.7 rjtPjj;jpw;Fg;

gq;fspg;Gr; nra;jd. njhopy;ngw;Nwhh;

vz;zpf;ifapy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l tPo;r;rpahdJ

gpujhdkhf fle;j fhyq;fspy; epytpa Nkhrkhd

thdpiy epiyikfSf;F rhl;lj;jf;fjhFk;.

2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; Nkhrkhd thdpiy

epiyikfspdhy; Neubahf ghjpf;fg;gl;bUe;j

Ntshz;ikj; Jiwapy; njhopy;ngw;Nwhh; vz;zpf;if

2017,d; mNjfhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy; 6.2

rjtPjj;jpdhy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.

thdpiy ,ilj;jlq;fy;fspd; Neubaw;w jhf;fk;

Vida JiwfSf;Fk; tpNrlkhf Ntshz;ik

cs;sPLfspy; gpujhdkhf rhh;e;jpUf;fpd;w

my;yJ Ntsh;zik eltbf;iffspy; Neubahf

,izag;ngw;wit kPJk; CLflj;jg;gl;ld.

y 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapd; NghJ njhopy;epiy

jifik vd;w epajpfspd; murhq;fj; Jiw

jtph;e;j midj;Jj; JiwfspdJk; njhopy;

ngw;Nwhh; vz;zpf;if Fiwtile;jJ.

2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapd; NghJ murhq;fj;

Jiw njhopy;epiy Kd;ida Mz;bd;

mNjfhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy; 9>590

Ml;fspdhy; mjpfhpj;jJ. Kfhikj;Jtr; Nritfs;

jpizf;fsj;jpd; gb murhq;fj;JiwapYs;s

%yq;fs;: njhifkjpg;G kw;Wk; Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsk;

,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

tplak;

2017 2018

Kjyhk;

miuahz;L Mz;L

Kjyhk;

miuahz;L

vwpTfs;

(tUlhe;jk;)

FLk;g myFfspd; Fbj;njhif ' 000 15,749 15,844 16,191 16,088( 15 taJk; mjw;F NkYk; )

njhopw;gil> ' 000 8,551 8,567 8,343 8,736njhopypYs;Nshh; ' 000 8,184 8,208 7,966 8,343njhopyw;Nwhh; ' 000 367 359 377 393

njhopw;gil gq;Nfw;G tPjk; (FLk;g myFfspd; Fbj;njhifapd; % khf) 54.3 54.1 51.5 54.3njhopypd;ik tPjk; (njhopw;gilapd; % khf) 4.3 4.2 4.5 4.5

ml;ltiz 4.1

njhopw;gil> njhopy; epiy kw;Wk; njhopypd;ik (m)

(m) jw;fhypfkhdJ

4

60


Copah;fspd; nkhj;j vz;zpf;if 2018,d;

Kjyiug; gFjpapd; ,Wjpapy; 1>370>885 Mf

,Ue;jJ. mikr;Rf;fs;> jpizf;fsq;fs;> tpNrl

nrytpLk; myFfs; kw;Wk; muRf;Fhpj;jhd

njhopy;Kaw;rpfs; vd;gtw;iw murhq;fj; Jiw

epWtdq;fs; cs;slf;Ffpd;wJ.

njhopypd;ik

y 2018,d; Kjyiuahz;bd; njhopypd;ik tPjk;

Kd;ida Mz;bd; mNj fhyg;gFjpapd; 4.3

rjtPjj;Jld; xg;gpLifapy; 4.5 rjtPjj;jpw;F

mjpfhpj;jJ. kPsha;Tf;Fhpa fhyg;gFjpapy; nkhj;j

njhopyw;Nwhh; vz;zpf;if Kd;ida Mz;bd; ,Nj

fhyg;gFjpapd; 366>734 NgUld; xg;gpLifapy; 376>984

Nguhf kjpg;gplg;gl;lJ. Mz;fspd; njhopypd;ik

tPjk; 2.9 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 3.0 rjtPjj;Jf;Fg;

rpwpjsT mjpfhpj;jJld; ngz;fspd; njhopypd;ik

tPjk; 6.8 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 7.4 rjtPjj;Jf;F

mjpfhpj;jJ. njhopy; epiyapd; tPo;r;rpahdJ

Mz;fspd; njhopw;gilapidtpl nghUshjhuj;jpy;

ngz;fspd; njhopw;gilapy; ghhpasT czug;gl;lJ

vd;gij ,J gpujpgypj;jJ. njhopy; re;ijapYs;s

ghypd mbg;gilapyhd rkj;Jtkpd;ikahdJ

njl;lj;njspthdJ vd;gjidAk; ngz;fspd;

njhopw;gilapid ghjpg;gilar; nra;fpd;wJ

vd;gJld; nghUshjhuj;jpd; khw;wq;fSf;F kpfTk;

czh;Tkpf;fJ vd;w cz;ikapid ,g;Nghf;Ffs;

njhlh;e;Jk; typAWj;Jfpd;wd.

y 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; 40 taJf;Ff; fPohd

midj;J taJ tFg;gpdhpdJk; njhopypd;ik

tPjq;fs; mjpfhpj;Js;sJ. 2018,d; Kjyiuahz;by;

,isNahH3 njhopypd;ik fzprkkhd

cah;kl;lj;jpy; njhlh;e;Jk; fhzg;gl;lJld; 22.1

rjtPjj;ijaile;jJ. kWGwk;> 30 - 39 taJ

kw;Wk; 40 taJ kw;Wk; mjw;F Nkw;gl;Nlhh; tFg;G

xg;gPl;L hPjpapy; Fiwthdjhf KiwNa 3.3 rjtPjk;

kw;Wk; 0.7 rjtPj njhopypd;ikiag; gjpTnra;jJ.

3 15 - 24 tUlq;fs; taJilNahh;

tiuglk; 4.5

njhopw;re;ijapd; epow;glk; - 2018,d; Kjyiu (m)

5.48 kpy;ypad; 2.86 kpy;ypad;

fw;iffspy;

<Lgl;Ls;Nshh;

Xa;T ngw;Nwhh;Æ

taJ Kjph;e;Njhh;

tPl;Lj; njhopypy;

<Lgl;Ls;Nshh;

cly; hPjpahf

Neha;tha;g;gl;Nlhh;Æ

mq;ftPdKw;Nwhh;

16.19 kpy;ypad;njhopw;GhpAk; taJf; Fbj;njhif

15 tajpw;Fk; mjw;F Nkw;gl;NlhUk;

8.34 kpy;ypad;nghUshjhu hPjpahf nraw;gLgth;fs;

7.85 kpy;ypad;nghUshjhu hPjpahf nraw;glhjth;fs;

7.97 kpy;ypad;njhopy;GhpNthh;

0.37 kpy;ypad;njhopyw;Nwhh;

25.5%Ntshz;ik

27.7%ifj;njhopy;

gzpfs;

46.8%

fy;tp kl;lk;

juk;

6 - 10

3.2 5.0 9.2f.nghj.

(rhÆj) f.nghj.(cÆj)

taJ

15 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 39 40+

22.1 10.8 3.3 0.7

%yk;: njhifkjpg;G kw;Wk; Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsk;(m) jw;fhypfkhdJ

njhopypd;ik

tPjk; (™)

4

61


2018,d; Kjyiuahz;by; 40 Mz;Lfs; kw;Wk;

mjw;F Nkw;gl;Nlhh; taJ tFg;gpd; njhopypd;ik

tPjkhdJ Kd;ida Mz;bd; mNj fhyg;gFjpAld;

xg;gpLifapy; tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. cah;tajpdh;

tFg;Gfspd; cah; Ntiytha;g;Gj; jpwDf;fhd

Kf;fpa fhuzq;fshf njhopy;NjLgth;fspd; njhopy;

njhlh;ghd Mw;wy;fs; kw;Wk; gzp mDgtq;fs;

vd;gd fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,isNahh; kj;jpapy;

xg;gPl;L hPjpapy; cah;e;j njhopypd;ikahdJ

kdpj %yjdj;jpd; kpf cw;gj;jpj;jpwd; tha;e;j

tFg;gpdhpd; gad;ghL NghJkhdjhftpy;yhik

vd;w mwpFwp fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. kWgf;fj;jpy;>

njhopyw;w ,isNahUf;fhf rhj;jpakhf fPo;

ciog;gpw;F me;j];njhd;Wld; $bath;fSf;F

toq;Ftjw;F Xa;T tajpd; gpd;dUk;$l

njhopy;ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;bath;fshf cah;taJ

tFg;gpdh; Ntz;lg;gLtjdhy; mth;fSf;F ,J

Nkyjpfr; Riknahd;wpid Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. ,J

cah; taJ tFg;Gfspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ijf;

Fiwf;fTk; kw;Wk; jPtpu r%fg; gpur;ridfis

cUthf;fTk; $baJ.

y fy;tp kl;lj;ij nghWj;jtiu cah; njhopypd;ik

tPjk; cah; fy;tpAilNahh; kj;jpapy;

mwpf;ifaplg;gl;bUe;jJ. mjw;fpzq;f> 2018,d;

Kjyiuahz;by; f.ngh.j. cah;ju kw;Wk; cah;

fy;tpAilNahh; kj;jpapy; njhopypd;ik tPjk;

Kd;ida Mz;bd; njhlh;ghd fhyg;gFjpapd;

8.0 rjtPjj;Jld; xg;gpLifapy; 9.2 jtPjkhff;

fhzg;gl;lJ. fy;tpj;jifik ngw;wth;fSf;F

kj;jpapy; cah; njhopypd;ikahdJ njhopy; re;ijapy;

Njh;r;rp ,ilntspfSf;F Kf;fpa fhuzkhf

$wf;$bajhFk;. fy;tpj;jifik ngw;wth;fSf;F

kj;jpapy; cah;thd njhopypd;ikahdJ> fPo;

ciog;gpw;F toptFf;ff;$aJ ,jd; tpisthf>

fy;tp fw;w ,isNahUf;F kj;jpapy; Fiwthd

rk;gsq;fs;Æ eyd;fs; kw;Wk; njhopy; jpUg;jpapd;ik

Nghd;wtw;iw tpistpf;ff;$baJ.

ntspehl;Lj; njhopy;epiy

y ntspehl;Lj; njhopYf;fhd xl;Lnkhj;j

Gwg;gLiffs; 2018,d; Kjyiug; gFjpapy;

ngz;fs; Gwg;gLiffspd; mjpfhpg;Gf;F kj;jpapy;

2.4 rjtPjj;jpdhy; tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. fle;j

fhyq;fspy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l ntspehl;Lj;

njhopYf;fhd nkhj;jg; Gwg;gLiffspy; tPo;r;rpg;

Nghf;fhdJ gpujhdkhf Njh;r;rpaw;w njhopyhsh;

Gwg;gLifapidf; Fiwg;gjw;F murhq;fj;jpdhy;

vLf;fg;gl;;l nfhs;if eltbf;iffs;

fhuzkhf mike;jpUe;jd. NkYk;> ntspehl;L

njhopyhsh;fis kl;Lg;gLj;Jtjw;F kj;jpa

fpof;F ehLfs; Nghd;w Kf;fpa Gyk;ngah;

njhopyhsh; miltplq;fspy; tsh;e;JtUk;

Njrpaf; nfhs;iffs; kw;Wk; tsh;r;rpaile;JtUk;

Jiwfspy; njhopy; gw;whf;Fiwfspd;

tpisthf cs;ehl;L njhopy; re;ijapypUe;jhd

mjpfhpf;fg;gl;l Nfs;tp vd;gdTk; ,t;tPo;r;rpf;Fg;

gq;fspj;jd. 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy;

Mz;fspd; Gwg;gLiffs; kw;Wk; ngz;fspd;

Gwg;gLiffs; vd;gd nkhj;jg; Gwg;gLiffspd;

KiwNa 62.0 rjtPjk; kw;Wk; 38.0 rjtPjj;jpw;F

tif$wpd. 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; 2017,d;

njhlh;ghd fhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy; Mz;fs;

Gwg;gLiffs; 8.3 rjtPjj;jpdhy; Fiwtile;jJld;

ngz;fs; Gwg;gLiffs; 8.8 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

mjpfhpj;jd. 2017,d; Kjy; fhyhz;bypUe;J

ngz;fs; Gwg;gLiffs; njhlh;e;Jk; mjpfhpf;Fk;

Nghf;nfhd;wpidf; fhz;gpj;jd.

y 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; Njh;r;rp ngwhj

njhopyhsh;fSk; tPl;Lg; gzpg;ngz;fSk;

ntspehl;Lj; njhopYf;fhd nkhj;jg; Gwg;gLifapd;

55 rjtPjj;jpidg; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;jpdh;.

njhopy;rhh;> eLj;jukl;l> vOJtpidQh;

kw;Wk; njhlh;Gila kw;Wk; tPl;Lg; gzpg;ngz;

tiffspd; fPo; gzpahsh; Gwg;gLiffs;

mjpfhpj;j mNjNtis Njh;r;rpngw;w> XusT

Njh;r;rpngw;w kw;Wk; Njh;r;rpngwhj tiffspd;

fPo; gzpahsh; Gwg;gLiffs; Kd;ida

tiuglk; 4.6

Njh;r;rp mbg;gilapy; ntspehl;Lj; njhopy; epiyf;fhd

ntspr;nry;ifffs; (Mz;bd; Kjyiu)

2014

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

2015

2016

2017 (a)

2018 (a)

Ml;fspd; vz;zpf;if (Mapuq;fs;)

tPl;Lg;gzpg;ngz;fs;

Njh;r;rpaw;Nwhh;

njhopy;ty;Ydh; kw;Wk;

Njh;r;rp ngw;Nwhh;

eLj;jukl;lk;

vOJtpidQh;

kw;Wk; mjDld;

njhlh;Gila XusT

Njh;r;rp ngw;Nwhh;(m) jw;fhypfkhdit

%yq;fs;: ,yq;if ntspehl;L Ntistha;g;G gzpafk;

4

62


Mz;Lld; mNjfhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy;

2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; tPo;r;rpnahd;wpidf;

fhz;gpj;jd. 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapd; NghJ 79

rjtPj fzprkhd ngz; Gyk;ngah; gzpahsh;fs;

tPl;Lg; gzpg;ngz; njhopy;tha;g;Gf;fis

ehbapUe;jdh;. 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapd; NghJ

tPl;Lg; gzpg;ngz;fs; tifapd; fPo; Gwg;gLiffs;

Kd;ida Mz;bd; Kjyiug;gFjpAld;

xg;gpLifapy; 11 rjtPj mjpfhpg;nghd;iwf;

fhz;gpj;J 31>062,id va;jpaJ. ghJfhg;ghd kw;Wk;

Njh;r;rpngw;w Gyk;ngah;tpid cWjpnra;tjw;F

eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk; nfhs;iffspd; ePz;lfhy

nray;jpwd; jd;ikapid kjpg;gpLfpd;w

Njitapid ,J rkpQ;irg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.

njhopyhsh; gztDg;gypd; kPJ fzprkhdsT

nghUshjhuk; rhh;e;jpUg;gjdhy; cah;jpwd;ngw;w

tiffspd; fPo; Gwg;gLiffis Cf;Ftpg;gjw;fhd

nfhs;if eilKiwg;gLj;jyhdJ vjph;fhyj;jpy;

ntspehl;Lg; gztDg;gy;fspd; cl;gha;r;ry;fspy;

epiyngwj;jf;f tsh;r;rpapid cWjpnra;tjw;F

NkYk; tYg;gLj;jg;glNtz;bAs;sJ. 2018,d;

Kjyiug;gFjpapd; njhopy;rhh; kw;Wk; eLj;jukl;l

tiffs; nkhj;j Gwg;gLiffspy; fpl;lj;jl;l 7

rjtPjj;jpw;F khj;jpuk; tif$wpd.

njhopyhsh; cwTfs;

y murhq;fj; Jiwapy; epfo;;e;j gy NtiyepWj;jq;fs;

ehl;bd; nghUshjhu eltbf;iffisAk; nghJthf

r%fj;jpidAk; ,ilj;jlq;fYf;Fs;shf;fpaJ.

ey> fy;tp> mQ;ry; kw;Wk; Nghf;Ftuj;J Nghd;w

Jiwfspd; 2018,d; Kjy; vl;Lkhjq;fspd; NghJ

murhq;fj; Jiwapy; VO NtiyepWj;jq;fs;

,lk;ngw;wd vd Clf mwpf;iffs; ntspapLfpd;wd.

,it> nghJkf;fspd; ehshe;j tho;tpy;

Fwpg;gplj;jf;f jhf;nkhd;wpidf; nfhz;bUe;jJld;

ehl;bd; r%fg; nghUshjhu eltbf;iffisj;

jilg;gLj;jpaJ. vdpDk;> NtiyepWj;jq;fspd;

vz;zpf;if> <Lgl;l njhopyhsh;fs; kw;Wk;

NtiyepWj;jk; fhuzkhf ,oe;j kdpjehl;fs;

vd;w epajpfspy; jdpahh; njhopy;Jiwfspd;

NtiyepWj;jq;fspy; tPo;r;rpnahd;wpid njhopy;

jpizf;fsj; juTfs; gpujpgypf;fpd;wd. 2018,d;

Kjyiug;gFjpapy; ,oe;j kdpjehl;fspd;

vz;zpf;ifahdJ ngUe;Njhl;lj;Jiw jtpu

Jiwfspy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l tPo;r;rpapd; gpujhd

tpisthf 2017,d; njhlh;ghd fhyg;gFjpapy; 33>353

cld; xg;gpLifapy; 18>840 Mf 43 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. kPsha;Tf; fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ

NtiyepWj;jq;fspy; <Lgl;l njhopyhsh;fs;

Kd;ida Mz;bd; mNj fhyg;gFjpapd;

6>855 njhopyhsh;fSld; xg;gpLifapy; 3>573

Mf tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. vdpDk;> ngUe;Njhl;lj;

JiwahdJ 8>879 kdpjehs; ,og;nghd;wpid

Jiwf;F Njhw;Wtpf;fpd;w 9 NtiyepWj;jq;fspy;

<Lgl;l 1>177 njhopyhsh;fSld; 2018,d;

Kjyiug;gFjpapd; NghJ njhopy; cwTfs; rpwpa

rPh;Fiynthd;wpid mDgtpj;jJ. ,J> 2017,d;

Kjyiug;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy fpl;lj;jl;l 2.5

klq;F cah;thdjhFk;.

y ehl;bd; ,Wf;fkhd kw;Wk; Fiwthd nefpo;Tkpf;f

njhopyhsh; rl;lq;fspypUe;J Njhd;Wfpd;w

ePz;lfhykhf ePbf;fpd;w njhopy;re;ijg;

gpur;ridfis jPh;g;gjw;F 2018,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy;

njhopy; kw;Wk; njhopy;rq;f cwTfs; mikr;R

gy topKiwfis vLj;Js;sJ. jdpahh; Jiwapy;

njhopy; epajpfs; kw;Wk; epge;jidfs; njhlh;gpy;

jw;NghJ fhzg;gLfpd;w njhopy;rl;lq;fs; kj;jpapy;

Kuz;ghLfs; kw;Wk; FiwghLfSld; njhlh;Ggl;l

gpur;ridfisj; jPh;g;gjw;F 'jdpj; njhopy; rl;lk;"

xd;wpid mwpKfg;gLj;jtjw;F mikr;ruit

mq;fPfhuk; toq;fpAs;sJ. njhopy; ,lq;fspy;

ghypay; hPjpahd Jd;GWj;jy;fisj; jLg;gjw;Fk;

nefpo;Tkpf;f gzpahw;W xOq;FfSld;

njhlh;Gila Vw;ghLfis mwpKfg;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;

ghugl;rkpd;wp KOikahd kw;Wk; cw;gj;jpj;

jpwd;tha;e;j njhopypid cWjpnra;tjw;fhf

Kd;nkhopag;gl;l rl;l thf;fq;fspDs; Vw;ghLfs;

cs;slf;fg;glTs;sd. kfg;Ngw;wpd; gpd;dh;

njhopw;gilapy; ,iztjw;F ngz;fis

Cf;Ftpf;Fk; Nehf;Fld; kfg;Ngw;W ed;ikfis

toq;Ftjw;F 1939,d; 32Mk; ,yf;f kfg;Ngw;W

ed;ikfs; fl;lisr; rl;lj;jpw;Fk; 1954,d;

19Mk; ,yf;f fil kw;Wk; fhhpahya Copah;fs;

rl;lj;jpw;Fk; jpUj;jq;fs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld.

gd;dhl;Lr; re;ijf;F xOf;fkpf;f cw;gj;jpfis

cw;gj;jp nra;J Vw;Wkjp nra;fpd;w ehnlhd;whf

,yq;ifapid epiyepWj;Jk; Nehf;Fld;

fl;lhag;gLj;jg;gl;l njhopypidj; jLj;jy; kw;Wk;

,y;yhnjhopj;jy; kw;Wk; Mgj;jhd njhopy;

ml;ltizapidj; jpUj;Jjy; vd;gtw;Wf;fhd

4

63


topKiwfs; vLf;fg;gl;ld. NkYk;> njhopy;Jiw

If;fpaj;jpid mjpfhpf;Fk; Nehf;Fld; njhopy;

jpizf;fskhdJ Ngr;Rthh;j;ij Clhf

njhopy; gpzf;Ffis Fiwf;Fk; mNjNtis

cw;gj;jpj; jpwid mjpfhpf;Fk; nghUl;L 'r%ff;

fye;Jiuahly; jsk;" xd;wpid Muk;gpj;Js;sJ.

njhopyhsh; cw;gj;jpj;jpwd;

y 2018,d; Kjy; fhyhz;by; gzpahw;wpa

kzpj;jpahyk; xd;Wf;F Nrh;f;fg;gl;l nkhj;jg;

ngWkjp (2010 tpiyfspy;) epajpfspy;

mstplg;gl;l njhopy; cw;gj;jpj;jpwdhdJ

2017,d; njhlh;ghd fhyg;gFjpapd; &.445.28

cld; xg;gpLifapy; 6.0 rjtPjj;jhy; mjpfhpj;J

gzpahw;wg;gl;l kzpj;jpahyk; xd;Wf;F &.472.14 I

mile;jJ. midj;J %d;W JiwfSk; 2017,d;

njhlh;ghd fhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy; njhopy;

cw;gj;jpj;jpwdpy; rhjfkhd tsh;r;rpnahd;wpidg;

gjpTnra;jd. gzpfs; JiwahdJ gzpahw;wg;gl;l

kzpj;jpahynkhd;Wf;F &.566.05 nfhz;l

mjpAah;e;j cw;gj;jpj;jpwidg; gjpTnra;J

njhopy; tsq;fspd; kpf tpidj;jpwd;kpf;f

gad;ghl;bid fhz;gpj;jJld; gzpahw;wg;gl;l

kzpj;jpahynkhd;Wf;F &.556.29 nfhz;l

cw;gj;jpj;jpwd; kl;lnkhd;Wld; ifj;njhopy;

Jiw mjw;F kpf mz;kpj;jpUe;jJ. 2018,d;

Kjy; fhyhz;bd; NghJ xl;Lnkhj;j njhopy;

cw;gj;jpj;jpwdpd; mjpfhpg;ghdJ Kd;ida Mz;bd;

mNjfhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy; Nrh;f;fg;gl;l

nkhj;jg; ngWkjpapy; Vw;gl;l Kd;Ndw;wk;

kw;Wk; gzpahw;wg;gl;l kzpj;jpahyq;fspd;

vz;zpf;if tPo;r;rp Mfpa ,uz;bd; %yKk;

gq;fspf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. fle;jfhyj;jpy;

mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l Nghf;fhf njhlh;e;Jk; 2018,d;

Kjy; fhyhz;bd; NghJ gzpahw;wg;gl;l

kzpj;jpahyk; xd;Wf;F &.155.48 nfhz;l

Fiwthd cw;gj;jpj; jpwid Ntshz;ikj; Jiw

gjpTnra;jJ.

vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLk; mgptpUj;jpfs;

tpiyfs;

y 2018,d; vQ;rpa fhyg;gFjpapy; gztPf;fkhdJ

fpl;lj;jl;l eL xw;iw ,yf;f kl;lj;jpy;

jhpj;jpUf;Fk; vd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. ed;F

epiyg;gLj;jg;gl;l gztPf;f vjph;ghh;f;iffs;

ehza Kfhikj;Jtk; njhlh;ghf Kd;Ndhf;fpa

mZFKiw> rhjfkhd cs;ehl;L epuk;gy;

epiyikfs; Mfpad nghJthd tpiy kl;lj;ij

mD$ykhd epiyfspy; itj;jpUf;f cjTnkd

vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ. vt;thwpUg;gpDk;> mj;jifa

rhjfkhd tpisTfSf;F vjpuhf tpiyfSf;F

gy;NtW fhuzpfspypUe;J Njhd;Wfpd;w tpiyfs;

kPJ Fwpj;jkl;lj;jpw;F Nky;Nehf;fpa mOj;jk;

fhzg;glyhk;. vhpnghUs;> jputg;ngw;Nwhypa

thA> kpd;rhu fl;lzq;fs; Nghd;w czty;yhj

tiffSf;F epUtfpf;fg;gl;Lk; tpiyj;

jpUj;jq;fspd; Nky;Nehf;fpa mjpfhpg;G> mnkhpf;f

nlhyh; gyg;gLj;Jtjd; epkpj;jkhf cs;ehl;L

ehzak; gytPdkiltjpypUe;J Njhd;Wfpd;w

,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fspd; tpiy

mirTfs; Vw;gLj;Jfpd;w gztPf;f mOj;jy;fs;

Efh;Tg; nghUl;fspd; rh;tNjr tpiyfspy;

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65 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; Nkw;gl;l nkhj;jg; ngz;

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Cf;fkpof;fr; nra;tJ NkYk; tYg;gLj;jg;gl

Ntz;ba Njit fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

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tpiyfs;> $ypfs;> njhopy;epiy kw;wk; cw;gj;jpj;jpwd; m...4 54,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy...

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