tram bien ap dieu khien tu xa-dang xuan quang-12180119.pdf
TRANSCRIPT
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I HC QUC GIA THNH PH H CH MINH
TRNG I HC BCH KHOA
KHOA IN - IN T
-----o0o-----
TIU LUN MN HC SCADA
TRM BIN P IU KHIN T XA V
THIT B IN T THNG MINH
GVHD: PGS. TS. NGUYN HONG VIT
HVTH: NG XUN QUANG
MSHV: 12180119
TP. H CH MINH, 5/2014
TP HCMBK
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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Ni dung
1. Gii thiu chung ....................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Trm bin p ...................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Phn loi trm bin p ....................................................................................... 3
1.3 Phn cp qun l li in ................................................................................. 4
2. Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh ................................ 5
2.1 Trm bin p iu khin t xa ........................................................................... 5
2.2 Quy nh ca EVN Xy dng v qun l vn hnh thit b scada ca trm
bin p v nh my in ................................................................................................ 7
2.2.1 Giao thc truyn tin ............................................................................................ 7
2.2.2 Cng kt ni d liu ........................................................................................... 7
2.2.3 Danh sch d liu ............................................................................................... 7
2.2.4 iu khin thit b .............................................................................................. 8
2.2.5 Thit lp ch iu khin t xa ....................................................................... 8
2.3 Thit b u cui v thit b iu khin lp trnh c ...................................... 8
2.3.1 Thit b u cui (RTU) ..................................................................................... 8
2.3.2 Thit b iu khin lp trnh c (PLC) ........................................................... 9
2.3.3 So snh gia RTU v PLC ............................................................................... 10
2.4 Thit b in t thng minh (IED) ................................................................... 10
2.4.1 nh ngha ........................................................................................................ 10
2.4.2 Cc chc nng ca mt IED ............................................................................. 12
2.4.2.1 Bo v ............................................................................................................... 12
2.4.2.2 iu khin ........................................................................................................ 13
2.4.2.3 Gim st ............................................................................................................ 13
2.4.2.4 o lng ........................................................................................................... 13
2.4.2.5 Giao tip ........................................................................................................... 14
3. H thng SCADA ca mt s trm ti Vit Nam................................................... 14
3.1 H thng SCADA trm bin p 110kV Vinacraft ........................................... 14
3.1.1 Tng quan ......................................................................................................... 14
3.1.1.1 c im cng trnh v tnh cn thit ca h thng SCADA .......................... 14
3.1.1.2 H thng SCADA ca Trung tm iu HT min Nam A2 .................. 15
3.1.2 Gii php cng ngh ......................................................................................... 15
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3.1.2.1 Cc tiu ch chn la m hnh RTU ................................................................. 15
3.1.2.2 Gii php k thut ghp ni h thng SCADA trm 110kV Vinakraft vo
h thng SCADA ........................................................................................................... 15
3.1.3 Cu hnh v c tnh k thut h thng SCADA ............................................. 18
3.1.3.1 Thit b RTU .................................................................................................... 18
3.1.3.2 Transducer a chc nng lp trnh c .......................................................... 19
3.1.3.3 Transducer ch th v tr nc my bin p ......................................................... 19
3.2 H thng SCADA trm bin p AMATA 1 v 2 ............................................. 20
3.2.1 Tng quan ......................................................................................................... 20
3.2.1.1 Ti TBA Amata 2 ............................................................................................. 20
3.2.1.2 Ti TBA Amata 1 ............................................................................................. 21
3.2.2 Thit b trung tm SCD5200 ............................................................................ 21
3.2.2.1 Ti TBA Amata 2 ............................................................................................. 22
3.2.2.2 Ti TBA Amata 1 ............................................................................................. 22
3.2.3 Transducer a nng HC6600 ............................................................................ 23
3.2.3.1 Ti TBA Amata 2 ............................................................................................. 23
3.2.3.2 Ti TBA Amata 1 ............................................................................................. 23
3.2.4 TAP POSITION Transducer M100 .................................................................. 23
3.2.5 Modem quang 4xE1+4xETH Fiber Multiplexer .............................................. 24
3.2.6 Ethernet Media Converter ................................................................................ 24
3.2.7 Serial2Fiber Converter ..................................................................................... 24
3.3 H thng SCADA ti trm 110kV Th Ngh ................................................... 24
3.4 H thng SCADA trm 500kV Sng My ...................................................... 25
4. Kt lun ................................................................................................................... 26
5. Ti liu tham kho .................................................................................................. 26
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1. Gii thiu chung
1.1 Trm bin p
Trm bin p l mt phn ca th h thng in gm ngun pht, truyn ti v phn
phi. Trm bin p bin i in p t cao n thp, hoc ngc li, hoc thc hin
mt s chc nng quan trng khc. Gia ngun v ph ti, nng lng in c th
truyn qua nhiu trm bin p cc cp in p khc nhau.
Hnh 1 Trm bin p trong h thng in
1.2 Phn loi trm bin p
Trm bin p c phn thnh cc loi in hnh sau:
Trm truyn ti: Mt trm truyn ti c th kt ni hai hay nhiu ng dy vi
nhau. Cc trm truyn ti c th t n gin n phc tp vi cc mc cng
sut khc nhau. Vit Nam, cc trm 500kV v 200kV c xem l cc trm
truyn ti.
Trm phn phi: Trm bin p phn phi chuyn nng lng t h thng truyn
ti cp cho h thng phn phi ca cc khu vc. Vit Nam, cc trm 110kV
l cc trm phn phi.
Trm gp: Khi c cc my pht phn b nh cc trang tri gi, trm gp c th
c yu cu. Trm gp tp hp nng lng t cc my pht nh v a ln
li.
Trm chnh lu: Trm chnh lu c s dng trong h thng in HVDC hoc
dng kt ni cc mng khng c cng tn s. Cc trm ny c cc thit b
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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in t cng sut thay i tn s dng in hoc bin i t in xoay chiu
sang mt chiu hoc ngc li.
Trm ng ct: Trm bin p khng c my bin p v hot ng ch mt cp
in p, cc trm ny thng c dng kt ni cc ng dy vi nhau.
1.3 Phn cp qun l li in
H thng qun l li in l h thng iu khin c phn lm nhiu cp. Mc cao
nht, v d Trung tm iu quc gia qun l ton b h thng; mc iu trc
thuc v d nh Trung tm iu min qun l mt s khu vc. Mc iu khin
thp nht l trm bin p.
Hnh 2 Phn cp qun l li in ca cc nc trn th gii
Ti mi cp khc nhau, cc nhim v v chc nng khc nhau s c thc hin, tt c
chc nng c thc hin trong trm bin p c gi l cc chc nng ti ch v tt
c cc chc nng thc hin ti cp iu khin cao hn c gi l cc chc nng t xa.
Hin nay, t chc iu h thng in Vit Nam c chia thnh 3 cp, chc nng
nhim v tng cp c m t chi tit trong Quy trnh iu h thng in quc gia
ban hnh theo quyt nh s 56/QBCN ngy 26/11/2001, bao gm:
Cp iu HT quc gia (A0): chu trch nhim iu hnh li in 500kV,
m bo cung cp in cht lng, an ton v kinh t. Phm vi iu hnh: gi
quyn iu khin li in 500kV, cc nh my in cng sut ln hn 30MW;
Cp iu HT min (A1, A2, A3) chu trch nhim iu hnh li in
110-220kV ca tng min, m bo cung cp in cht lng, an ton v kinh
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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t, tun theo s ch huy ca iu A0. Phm vi iu hnh: gi quyn iu
khin li in 220kV (mt s trc chnh 110kV), quyn kim tra li in
110kV.
Cp iu li in phn phi thuc cc Cng ty in lc: l cc Phng
iu ti cc in lc tnh/thnh ph chu trch nhim iu hnh li in
phn phi gm cc TBA v mt s ng dy 110kV. Phm vi iu hnh: gi
quyn iu khin li in 110kV (tr mt s ng dy trc chnh), cc nh
my in cng sut nh hn 30MW; quyn kim tra li in n 35kV.
Hnh 3 Phn cp qun l h thng in ti Vit Nam
2. Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
2.1 Trm bin p iu khin t xa
Trm bin p iu khin t xa l trm bin p c th c iu khin, gim st v thu
thp cc d liu ca trm t trung tm iu khin xa. thc hin c cc chc
nng t xa, trm c kt ni vi trung tm iu khin, h thng iu thng qua h
thng SCADA. in hnh ca mt h thng SCADA ca trm nh sau:
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Hnh 4 in hnh h thng SCADA ca trm bin p
Theo tiu chun IEC 61850, cc thit b nh th ca TBA c sp xp theo 3 mc:
mc trm (Station Level), mc ngn l (Bay Level) v mc x l (Process Level).
Hnh 5 Phn cp cc thit b trm bin p
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Thit b mc trm bao gm my tnh vi mt c s d liu, ni lm vic ca nhn vin
vn hnh, giao din giao tip t xa,
Thit b mc ngn l bao gm cc thit b iu khin, bo v v gim st mi ngn l.
Thit b mc x l bao gm cc I/O, cm bin thng minh v b tc ng.
Cc chc nng mc trm c hai loi:
Cc chc nng x l d liu t cc ngn l hoc c s d liu cp trm. Cc
chc nng ny c s dng gi cc lnh iu khin cho cc thit b nht
th (my ct) v thu thp d liu trm bin p nh in p, dng in, h s
cng sut,t cc thit b mc ngn l.
Cc chc nng giao din cho php nhn vin vn hnh c th thao tc iu
khin, gim st, cho php giao tip n mt trung tm iu khin t xa TCI
(Giao din iu khin t xa) hoc n trung tm gim st t xa gim st v
bo tr TMI (Giao din gim st t xa).
Cc chc nng mc ngn l thu thp d liu t ngn l v truyn lnh n thit b s
cp (mch ng lc) ca ngn.
Chc nng mc x l trch xut cc thng tin t cc cm bin/ u d trong trm bin
p v gi n thit b mc trn, mc ngn l. Nhim v quan trng khc ca mc x
l l nhn lnh iu khin t cp mc ngn l v thi hnh.
2.2 Quy nh ca EVN Xy dng v qun l vn hnh thit b scada ca trm
bin p v nh my in
EVN c quyt nh s 1208/Q-EVN ngy 28/7/2008 v vic ban hnh Quy nh
xy dng v qun l vn hnh thit b SCADA ca trm bin p v nh my in vi
mt s ni dung lin quan cn lu nh sau:
2.2.1 Giao thc truyn tin
Thng tin t RTU hay h thng SAS ca cc TBA trung tm iu phi tun th
giao thc truyn tin IEC60870-5-101.
2.2.2 Cng kt ni d liu
Phi c t nht mt cng ghp ni vi iu khu vc.
2.2.3 Danh sch d liu
a) Tn hiu trng thi:
Tn hiu 2 bt: tt c cc tn hiu ca my ct, dao cch ly, dao ni t;
Tn hiu 1 bt: tt c cc tn hiu ca cc tn hiu cnh bo, cc tn hiu ca rle
bo v.
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b) Gi tr o lng:
i vi thanh ci : Tn s (Hz), in p (kV);
i vi my bin p: Cng sut tc dng (MW), cng sut phn khng
(MVAr), in p (kV), cng dng in (A) cc cp in p khc nhau
ca my bin p, nc ca my bin p;
i vi l ng dy: Cng sut tc dng (MW), cng sut phn khng
(MVAr), in p (kV), cng dng in (A).
2.2.4 iu khin thit b
Phi c hai ch iu khin l: iu khin ti Trung tm iu (Remote) v
iu khin ti TBA (Local);
Phi c kha chuyn ich iu khin Remote/Local cho ton TBA;
Phi c kha chuyn i ch iu khin Remote/Local cho tng ngn thit b
ca TBA;
Cc my ct, dao cch ly dao ni t (nu c) (tn hiu iu khin dng
NG/M);
Cc b i nc my bin p (tn hiu iu khin dng TNG/GIM).
2.2.5 Thit lp ch iu khin t xa
Thit b thuc quyn iu khin ca cp iu no th ch iu khin t xa phi
c thit lp cho ring cp iu .
2.3 Thit b u cui v thit b iu khin lp trnh c
2.3.1 Thit b u cui (RTU)
Thit b u cui (RTU) l mt thit b trung gian nhn v gi tn hiu.
Mt u RTU s ni kt n cc tip im ng ct v cc cm bin, u kia ni n
cc thit b iu khin mc cao hn, bng cc ng truyn thng nh cp in, cp
quang, sng radio,
RTU c th truyn d liu thu thp c n cc thit b khc v nhn lnh iu khin
t thit b khc bng mt cng ni tip.
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Hnh 6 V tr ca RTU trong trm bin p
2.3.2 Thit b iu khin lp trnh c (PLC)
Thit b iu khin lp trnh c (PLC) c pht trin c bit cho qu trnh t
ng ha. Tuy nhin, tnh linh hot, d ng dng v chi ph tng i thp ca cc
PLC so vi cc RTU gip n c s dng nhiu trong cc trm bin p cng nghip,
c bit l Bc M.
Nhng bt li chnh ca vic s dng cc PLC trong mi trng trm l cc im yu
trong giao tip vi relay. Mt s nh sn xut i theo hng ny, tuy nhin l pht
trin PLC trn nn h thng in t ng, tng cng giao tip PLC relay.
Cc chc nng logic ca cc PLC c a vo cc relay tin tin ca mt s nh
sn xut, ch to relay trong c thm vo kh nng thc hin chc nng logic, do
chc nng iu khin ti ch to ra khi nim relay thng minh.
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Hnh 7 V tr ca PLC trong trm bin p
2.3.3 So snh gia RTU v PLC
Mt PLC ni chung s c mt chng trnh chy, x l d liu ti ch, trong khi
RTU thng khng c chc nng ny.
Mt PLC thng giao tip vi h thng trung tm thng qua mng cc b (LAN) trong
khi mt RTU (nh tn ca n) hot ng t xa v giao tip qua cc mng din rng.
Mt PLC thng giao tip vi cc giao thc loi cc b nh DF1, Ethernet/IP,
Profibus v RTU thng giao tip bng cch s dng giao thc din rng nh DNP3,
IEC60870. Nhng ngy nay, mt RTU c th lp trnh ging nh PLC v PLC cng
cung cp thng tin lin lc din rng nh RTU nn s khc bit hin nay l khng r
rng. 2.4 Thit b in t thng minh (IED)
2.4.1 nh ngha
Chc nng PLC c tch hp vo relay. Relay khng ch l cc thit b bo v m
cn c nhiu chc nng hn. Mt lot thit b trn th trng, mt s mnh v bo v,
mt s mnh v iu khin, v thut ng relay bo v tr nn b gii hn khi m t
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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thit b ny. iu ny dn n s xut hin ca thut ng thit b in t thng minh
(IED).
Thut ng thit b in t thng minh (IED) khng phi l mt nh ngha r rng,
ging nh thut ng relay bo v. Ni chung, bt k thit b in t c s hu mt
vi c tnh thng minh c th c gi l mt IED. Tuy nhin, lin quan c bit n
h thng bo v v h thng in t ng, thut ng ny ra i m t mt thit b c
nhiu chc nng bo v, nng cao iu khin ti ch, kh nng gim st v nng lc
giao tip trc tip vi h thng SCADA.
Hnh 8 V tr ca IED trong trm bin p
Mt trong v s relay t cc nh sn xut khc nhau c th thc hin chc nng bo
v, iu khin v gim st (bao gm o lng), nhng cn s h tr ca mt RTU
hoc b x l thng tin, n c gi l phn cng giao tip vi h thng SCADA.
Nhng thit b ny c th c gi l relay thng minh nhng khng nm trong nh
ngha ca mt IED.
Tng t, mt s relay c th giao tip trc tip vi h thng SCADA nhng thiu cc
chc nng iu khin. Nhng relay ny thng c s dng chung vi cc ngn iu
khin, ni cung cp cc chc nng iu khin cn thit to thnh mt h thng in
t ng. Nhng relay ny cng khng c phn loi l IED.
Kh nng ca mt IED thc hin y cc chc nng bo v, iu khin, gim st
v lin lc vi cp pha trn mt cch c lp v khng c s tr gip ca cc thit b
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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khc nh RTU hoc b x l thng tin (khng bao gm cc module giao din) l tnh
nng xc nh l mt IED.
2.4.2 Cc chc nng ca mt IED
Cc chc nng ca mt IED in hnh c th c phn thnh nm khu vc chnh, bo
v, iu khin, gim st, o lng v truyn thng. Mt vi IED c th tin tin hn
nhng ci khc, v mt s c th mnh hn nhng chc nng nht nh, nhng chc
nng chnh ny c tch hp mc nhiu hay t.
2.4.2.1 Bo v
Chc nng bo v ca IED pht trin t chc nng bo v qu dng v chm t ca
relay bo v pht tuyn (do cc nh sn xut t tn IED ca h l feeder
terminals). iu ny l bi mt relay bo v pht tuyn c s dng trn hu ht cc
t phn phi, v thc t l chc nng bo v i hi nhiu hn l kh nng x l ca
r le s dng cho cc chc nng iu khin. IED cng c th linh hot, v khng
phi l mt relay bo v chuyn bit, v d nh bo v my pht. iu ny cng lm
cho cc IED gi c phi chng.
Sau y l hng dn cc chc nng bo v lin quan c th c t cc IED tin tin
nht (danh sch khng phi l bao gm tt c, v mt s IED c th khng c tt c
cc chc nng). Cc chc nng bo v thng c cung cp trong cc khi chc
nng ring bit, c kch hot v lp trnh c lp.
Qu dng 3 pha khng c hng (low-set, high-set and instantaneous function
blocks, with low-set selectable as long time-, normal-, very-, or extremely inverse,
or definite time);
Bo v chm t khng c hng (low-set, high-set and instantaneous function
blocks);
Qu dng 3 pha c hng (low-set, high-set and instantaneous function blocks,
with low-set selectable as long time-, normal-, very-, or extremely inverse, or
definite time);
Bo v chm t c hng (low-set, high-set and instantaneous function blocks);
Bo v mt pha;
Bo v qu in p 3 pha;
Bo v qu in p d;
Bo v thp p 3 pha;
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Pht hin dng ng my bin p/ khi ng motor.
2.4.2.2 iu khin
Chc nng iu khin bao gm ti ch v t xa, v hon ton c th lp trnh.
iu khin ti ch v t xa ln n 12 thit b ng ct (lnh m/ ng cho my
ct, dao cch ly,);
iu khin trnh t;
Kha lin ng ngn cp 1 ca cc thit b iu khin:
Trng thi thng tin 2;
Thng tin ca cc knh bo ng 2.
Bng iu khin HMI trn thit b.
Ghi ch:
1. Kha lin ng cp trm yu cu giao tip ngang hng
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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in p 3 pha;
in p d;
Tn s;
Cng sut thc;
Cng sut phn khng;
H s cng sut;
Nng lng;
Sng hi;
Ghi cc nhiu lon thong qua (ln n 16 knh tng t);
Ln n 12 knh tng t.
2.4.2.5 Giao tip
Kh nng giao tip ca mt IED l mt trong nhng lnh vc quan trng nht ca h
thng in t ng ha v cng l mt trong nhng phng din phn bit cc thit
b ca cc nh sn xut khc nhau lin quan n cc chc nng.
Theo nh ngha, IED c th giao tip trc tip vi mt h thng SCADA, tc l thng
tin lin lc cp trn. Cc nh sn xut khc nhau s dng giao thc truyn thng khc
nhau.
Mt IED, ngoi giao tip vi cp trn, cng c mt cng ni tip hoc giao din quang
giao tip trc tip vi my tnh hoc my tnh xch tay cho mc ch cu hnh v ti
d liu, nn cc lin kt SCADA khng c sn hoc mong mun trong trng hp .
3. H thng SCADA ca mt s trm ti Vit Nam
3.1 H thng SCADA trm bin p 110kV Vinacraft
3.1.1 Tng quan
3.1.1.1 c im cng trnh v tnh cn thit ca h thng SCADA
Trm bin p 110kV Vinakraft l trm c u t xy dng mi, s c kt ni vo
li in phn phi ca tnh Bnh Dng. Trm vn hnh theo s ch huy chnh ca
Trung tm iu HT min Nam (A2). Do , cn phi to ng truyn thu thp
d liu SCADA ti trm a vo hot ng thng nht vi h thng SCADA hin
hu ca Trung Tm iu trn. Ngoi ra, theo tinh thn ch o ca Tp on in
lc Vit Nam v Trung tm iu Quc gia A0, h thng SCADA cn phi c
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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thc hin ng b vi cc d n trm bin p xy dng mi v m rng, ci to. V
vy, s u t h thng SCADA ht sc cn thit.
Mc tiu ca h thng SCADA Trm bin p 110kV Vinakraft l:
Phc v cng tc iu hnh li in ca cc Trung tm iu i vi trm
110kV Vinakraft.
Thu thp d liu, gim st o lng, trng thi v iu khin t xa cc thit b
ca trm, ng thi h thng SCADA ca trm phi c kt ni vo h thng
SCADA chung ca cc Trung tm.
3.1.1.2 H thng SCADA ca Trung tm iu HT min Nam A2
Thit k ca h thng SCADA ca cc Trung tm iu l thu thp s liu thng
qua vic lp t cc RTU, h thng my tnh ti cc trm v nh my u ni vi cc
thit b ca h thng in thng qua cc transducer ( o I, U, P, Q, TPI, F...), cc
relay trung gian ( ly trng thi my ct, cu dao, relay bo v,...) v cc relay iu
khin ( iu khin ng/ct my ct, tng/gim b i nc my bin th,...). Cc
RTU, h thng my tnh ti trm thng qua cc ng truyn thng gi/nhn tn
hiu vi trung tm iu khin. Truyn thng gia RTU, h thng my tnh ti trm vi
trung tm iu khin h thng SCADA ca cc Trung tm iu th tun theo giao
thc (protocol): IEC 870-5-101.
Hin nay ngoi dng kt ni trn, cc h thng SCADA/EMS cn cho php thc hin
mt s dng kt ni khc vi cc nh my in, trm in c lp t h thng thu
thp d liu SCADA nh h thng iu khin ti ch bng h thng my tnh (DCS)
hoc h thng RTU phn tn (cc thit b RTU ny c gn trc tip trn cc panel
iu khin ca trm v c kt ni vi nhau theo chun Modbus/RS485). Cc h
thng ny u c chc nng tng ng nh cc thit b RTU tp trung nh nu
trn (giao thc truyn tin IEC-870-5-101).
3.1.2 Gii php cng ngh
3.1.2.1 Cc tiu ch chn la m hnh RTU
Cng ngh tin tin
Khai thc ti a nng lc ca cc thit b IEDs trong trm
Gim khi lng cp iu khin v cc thit b ghp ni (r le lnh, r le lp li
trng thi v cnh bo, )
Chi ph hp l
C kh nng kt ni vi h thng iu khin tch hp trm trong tng lai.
3.1.2.2 Gii php k thut ghp ni h thng SCADA trm 110kV Vinakraft
vo h thng SCADA
a) Cng giao tip truyn tin
+ Cng giao tip ti trung tm iu HT min Nam A2
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
16
Ti A2 c cc my ch truyn thng lm nhim v thu nhn thng tin t cc trm u
cui xa. My ch truyn thng s iu khin cc cng giao tip RS-232 (V.24) thc
hin trao i thng tin vi cc trm thng qua knh truyn ny.
+ Cng giao tip ti trm 110kV Vinakraft
Ti 110kV Vinakraft s lp t 01 RTU c 01 cng kt ni v A2 v 01 cng
kt ni vi iu in lc trong tng lai. Thit b RTU c cc moun h tr
giao thc truyn tin trong h thng ca trm (Modbus/RS485, IEC870-5-103),
thng qua giao thc ny RTU c th giao tip c vi cc thit b IEDs ti
trm. Cc d liu ny s c trao i vi trung tm iu theo cc c s d
liu ti RTU thng qua cng truyn tin cho A2 c khai bo.
V vt l cc cng ny phi l cc cng RS-232 (V.24) tng thch vi cng
giao tip ca Trung tm iu HT min Nam (A2).
b) Gii php tuyn truyn dn
Trm 110kV Vinakraft s xy dng mt tuyn truyn dn quang bng rng phc v
truyn s liu SCADA. Thng qua tuyn cp quang Vinakraft Kumho M Phc
tn hiu SCADA ti trm 110kV Vinakraft s c truyn v Trung tm iu
HTMN A2.
c) Gii php thit b truyn dn
Vi gii php tuyn truyn dn nh trn, trong d n trm 110kV Vinakraft s trang b
cc thit b truyn dn quang v ghp knh PCM-30 ti trm 110kV Vinakraft, trm
110kV Kumho v A2. Thit b PCM-30 ny s thc hin nhim v kt ni thit b
RTU ti trm to ra cc knh truyn tn hiu SCADA t trm 110kV Vinakraft v
Trung tm iu HT min Nam (A2).
d) Gii php thit b SCADA
Vi tiu ch chn la thit b SCADA nh cp trn, d kin s trang b h
thng SCADA vi cc thit b sau :
Trang b 01 t RTU/SIC : Dng lp t thit b RTU, cc b bin i
transducer, cc rle lnh, rle trng thi,...
Trang b 01 b RTU : c cng truyn tin theo giao thc IEC60870-5-103 v
Modbus/RS485 (kt ni vi rle bo v, ng h o a nng, annunciator) v
c kh nng m rng trong tng lai.
Trang b transducer (c kh nng lp trnh c) lm nhim v thu thp cc tn
hiu o lng nh U, I, P, Q, F, MW, Mvar,...
Trang b 01 b transducer ch th nc my bin th.
Trang b cc rle lnh v rle lp li trng thi.
e) D liu trao i gia trm v Trung tm iu
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
17
+ Tn hiu s:
Tn hiu 2 bt: Tt c cc tn hiu ca my ct, dao cch ly ca tt c cc l
ng dy 110kV, my bin p T1 v ngn l tng pha trung th.
Tn hiu 1 bt: Tt c cc tn hiu ca dao ni t, cc tn hiu cnh bo, cc tn
hiu ca rle bo v cc l ng dy 110kV, my bin p v ngn l tng
pha trung th.
Cc tn hiu trng thi trn s c thu thp v thit b RTU thng qua cc module
tn hiu u vo s v thng qua cc cng kt ni giao thc IEC60870-5-103 v
Modbus RTU/RS485 (kt ni vi rle bo v, ng h o a nng, annunciator).
+ Tn hiu o lng:
i vi my bin p: Cng sut tc dng (MW), cng sut phn khng (MVar),
cng dng in (A) cc cp in p khc nhau ca my bin p, nc ca
my bin p.
i vi l ng dy: Cng sut tc dng (MW), cng sut phn khng
(MVar), in p (KV), cng dng in (A).
i vi thanh ci: in p (KV).
Cc tn hiu o lng s c thu thp t cc Transducer a chc nng, rle bo v
v thit b RTU thng qua giao thc truyn tin ModbusRTU/RS485, IEC60870-5-
103. Do s dng giao thc truyn tin ModbusRTU/RS485, IEC60870-5-103 nn
kh nng m rng ca TBA c thc hin d dng bng cch cu hnh cho thit b
RTU c c cc d liu o lng do cc Transducer v rle bo v cung cp
thng qua giao thc ModbusRTU/RS485, IEC60870-5-103
+ Tn hiu iu khin:
iu khin tng gim nc my bin p
iu khin ng m cc my ct, dao cch ly
Cc tn hiu iu khin s c thc hin thng qua cc module tn hiu u ra s
ca RTU.
Cn c vo yu cu thu thp tn hiu i vi trm bin p v bn v thit k S 1
si ca trm 110kV Vinakraft, khi lng tn hiu SCADA nh sau:
Tn hiu o lng : 18 tn hiu
Tn hiu bo v (1 bit) : 33 tn hiu
Tn hiu trng thi (2 bit) : 05 tn hiu
Tn hiu iu khin (2 bit) : 04 tn hiu
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
18
Hnh 9 S kt ni thng tin quang trm Vinacraft
3.1.3 Cu hnh v c tnh k thut h thng SCADA
3.1.3.1 Thit b RTU
a) Nhim v ca thit b RTU
M t chung thit b RTU:
S dng CPU cng nghip 32 bit tc cao (16MB RAM, 8 Mbytes Internal
Flash Memory).
S dng h iu hnh a nhim thi gian thc.
Ghi bin c (SOE) c nhn thi gian vi phn gii 1ms.
Cc thng s o lng ch yu ca RTU:
o P, Q, U, I, F, Cos (thng qua Transducer, r le, ng h a nng, )
Gim st trng thi my ct, dao cch ly, cc tn hiu cnh bo.
a lnh iu khin ti cc thit b in.
Cc tham s khc cn cho iu hnh v phn tch h thng in nh KWh,
KVarh, ghi bin c, v.v...
b) Cu hnh v c tnh k thut ca RTU
Da trn s lng tn hiu SCADA Trung tm iu HT min Nam cn thu thp,
h thng RTU phn tn s c cu hnh v c tnh nh sau:
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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Cng truyn tin v giao thc:
Cng thng tin Modbus (RS485): 02 cng
Cng thng tin IEC 60870-5-103 (RS485): 02 cng
Cng SCADA IEC 60870-5-101: 02 cng (01 cng d phng cho kt ni vi iu in lc trong tng lai)
Cng thu nhn tn hiu ng b thi gian thc GPS
Digital Input:
S knh: 32 knh
Thi gian bin i: 1ms
Digital Output:
S knh: 12 knh
in p lm vic (Un): 24 to 250 VDC
Analog input:
S knh: 4 knh
Thi gian bin i: 20ms
- Ngun cung cp: 48VDC
3.1.3.2 Transducer a chc nng lp trnh c
Loi: a chc nng lp trnh c.
Cp chnh xc: 0.2 theo tiu chun IEC688.
Cc gi tr o c: U, I, P, Q, F,
H tr kh nng kt ni vi my tnh, PLC, RTU, s dng giao thc truyn
tin Modbus RTU/RS485 hoc DNP3.0.
3.1.3.3 Transducer ch th v tr nc my bin p
u vo gm 19 x 10
u ra: Io = 4 20mA
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
20
Hnh 10 S kt ni h thng TRU trm Vinacraft
3.2 H thng SCADA trm bin p AMATA 1 v 2
3.2.1 Tng quan
H thng SCADA TBA Amata 1 & 2 trang b 02 thit b trung tm SCD5200 c
nhim v thu thp d liu v iu khin cc thit b ti trm. Mi thit b ny c lp
01 TBA v c kt ni vi nhau bng giao thc DNP TCP trn ng truyn cp
quang thng qua 02 modem quang 4xE1+4xETH Fiber Multiplexer lp 02 u.
3.2.1.1 Ti TBA Amata 2
Trng thi ng/m ca cc thit b nh my ct, dao cch ly, dao ni t (tn hiu 2
bt) c ly v thit b trung tm SCD5200 qua u vo s ca card I/O hoc qua
card Glass Optical DCB IEC60870-5-103 t cc rle bo v.
Tn hiu cnh bo (tn hiu 1 bt ) c ly v thit b trung tm SCD5200 qua u vo
s ca card I/O hoc t cc rle bo v bng giao thc IEC60870-5-103, giao thc
IEC61850.
Cc thng s o lng I, U, P, Q, c ly v thit b trung tm SCD5200 t cc
transducer a nng HC6600, ng h Simeas P50, ng h Amptron Ai205 bng giao
thc Modbus.
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
21
Ch th nc ca my bin p c ly v thit b trung tm SCD5200 qua u vo
tng t ca card I/O t transducer TAP100.
3.2.1.2 Ti TBA Amata 1
Trng thi ng/m ca cc thit b nh my ct, dao cch ly, dao ni t (tn hiu 2
bt) c ly qua u vo s ca card I/O trn thit b trung tm SCD5200.
Tn hiu cnh bo (tn hiu 1 bt ) c ly qua u vo s ca card I/O trn thit b
trung tm SCD5200.
Cc thng s o lng I, U, P, Q, c ly v thit b trung tm SCD5200 t cc
transducer a nng HC6600 bng giao thc Modbus.
Ch th nc ca my bin p c ly v thit b trung tm SCD5200 qua u vo
tng t ca card I/O t transducer TAP100.
D liu ca TBA Amata 2 c a v thit b trung tm SCD5200 TBA Amata 1
bng giao thc DNP TCP, sau tt c c a ra hin th trn mn hnh my tnh
bng giao thc DNP TCP v truyn v trung tm iu bng giao thc IEC60870-5-
101.
Hnh 11 S kt ni h thng SCADA gia hai trm AMATA 1 v 2
3.2.2 Thit b trung tm SCD5200
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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Chc nng, nhim v: thu thp d liu bng u vo tng t/s hoc qua cng truyn
thng, ng thi cho php iu khin cc thit b bng u ra s hoc qua cng truyn
thng.
3.2.2.1 Ti TBA Amata 2
Thit btrung tm SCD5200 bao gm:
SCD5200 Ten Card File: 01 b, l khung thit b SCD5200 Wide Range Power
Supply Module 100W 17-170VDC: 01 card, l card cp ngun.
SCD5200 CPU Optonet Ethernet Module (COE): 01 card, l card x l trung
tm. Trong c cng COM1 dng cu hnh thit b; cng COM2 dng cho
truyn thng ni tip h tr a giao thc; cng Ethernet dng kt ni vi cc
rle bo v pha 110kV bng giao thc IEC61850 v kt ni vi thit b trung
tm SCD5200 lp TBA Amata 1; cng Optonet dng kt ni nhiu thit b
trung tm SCD5200 vi nhau.
SCD5200 Comms Module Glass Optical IEC60870-5-103: 01 card, l card h
tr giao thc IEC60870-5-103, giao tip quang, dng kt ni vi cc rle
bo v pha 22kV.
SCD5200 Eight Channel Serial ModuleRS485/RS232: 01 card, dng cho truyn
thng ni tip, h tr a giao thc, dng kt ni vi cc ng h Simeas,
ng h Ai205 v transducer HC6600 bng giao thc Modbus.
SCD5200 MIO Module 24DI 6Ai 8DO 48VDC: 04 card, l card cung cp u
vo s/tng t v u ra s; dng ly cc trng thi ng/m ca thit b,
tn hiu cnh bo t cc tip im ph ca thit b hoc qua cc rle trung gian;
dng iu khin ng/m thit b; dng ly ch th nc my bin p, nhit
du, nhit cun dy...
3.2.2.2 Ti TBA Amata 1
Thit btrung tm SCD5200 bao gm:
SCD5200 Ten Card File: 01 b, l khung thit b.
SCD5200 Wide Range Power Supply Module 100W 17-170VDC: 01 card, l
card cp ngun.
SCD5200 CPU Optonet Ethernet Module (COE): 01 card, l card x l trung
tm. Trong c cng COM1 dng cu hnh thit b; cng COM2 dng cho
truyn thng ni tip h tr a giao thc; cng Ethernet dng kt ni vi
thit b trung tm SCD5200 lp TBA Amata 2; cng Optonet dng kt ni
nhiu thit b trung tm SCD5200 vi nhau.
SCD5200 Comms Module V.28 IEC60870-5-101: 01 card, l card h tr giao
thc IEC60870-5-101, dng truyn d liu v trung tm iu .
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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SCD5200 Comms Module Glass Optical IEC60870-5-103: 01 card, l card h
tr giao thc IEC60870-5-103, giao tip quang.
SCD5200 Eight Channel Serial ModuleRS485/RS232: 01 card, dng cho truyn
thng ni tip, h tr a giao thc, dng kt ni vi cc transducer HC6600
bng giao thc Modbus.
SCD5200 MIO Module 24DI 6Ai 8DO 48VDC: 06 card, l card cung cp u
vo s/tng t v u ra s; dng ly cc trng thi ng/m ca thit b,
tn hiu cnh bo t cc tip im ph ca thit b hoc qua cc rle trung gian;
dng iu khin ng/m thit b; dng ly ch th nc my bin p, nhit
du, nhit cun dy...
3.2.3 Transducer a nng HC6600
Chc nng, nhim v: phc v cho vic o lng. u vo l dng in ly t CT v
in p ly t PT. HC6600 h tr giao thc Modbus RTU/RS485 kt ni vi thit
b trung tm SCD5200. Cc gi tr o lng bao gm Ia, Ib, Ic, Vab, Vbc, Vca, Pa, Pb,
Pc, Pt, Qa, Qb, Qc, Qt, PF, Freq
3.2.3.1 Ti TBA Amata 2
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti t RTU ly gi tr in p pha ng dy
110kV.
3.2.3.2 Ti TBA Amata 1
Lp t 02 transducer HC6600 ti t E01+W: TR4 o lng ngn 131, TR6 o
lng ngn 431.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tE02+W: TR1 o lng ngn 171.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tE03+W: TR3 o lng ngn 112.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tE04+W: TR2 o lng ngn 172.
Lp t 02 transducer HC6600 ti tE05+W: TR5 o lng ngn 132, TR7 o
lng ngn 432.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tOutgoing 473: TR8 o lng ngn 473.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tOutgoing 471: TR9 o lng ngn 471.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tOutgoing 475: TR10 o lng ngn 475.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tOutgoing 412: TR11 o lng ngn 412.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tOutgoing 472: TR12 o lng ngn 472.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tOutgoing 474: TR13 o lng ngn 474.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tOutgoing 476: TR14 o lng ngn 476.
Lp t 01 transducer HC6600 ti tOutgoing 478: TR15 o lng ngn 478.
3.2.4 TAP POSITION Transducer M100
Chc nng, nhim v: ly ch th nc my bin p. u vo l in tr, u ra l dng
in 4 20mA a vo u vo tng t ca thit b trung tm SCD5200.
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
24
Ti TBA Amata 2: Lp t 01 transducer M100 ti t RTU ly ch th nc ca my
bin p 1T.
Ti TBA Amata 1: Lp t 02 transducer M100 ti t RTU: M1 ly ch th nc my
bin p 1T, M2 d phng; ch th nc my bin p 2T ly qua transducer (chc nng
tng t M100) trang b ti t E05+RCP.
3.2.5 Modem quang 4xE1+4xETH Fiber Multiplexer
Chc nng, nhim v: kt ni d liu gia hai thit b trung tm SCD5200 lp t
TBA Amata 1 & 2 qua cng Ethernet. ng thi cung cp knh thoi hotline gia hai
trm, h tr truyn thng ni tip qua cng RS232.
Ti TBA Amata 2: Lp t 01 modem quang + gi ODF ti t RTU.
Ti TBA Amata 1: Lp t 01 modem quang + gi ODF ti t RTU.
3.2.6 Ethernet Media Converter
Chc nng, nhim v: chuyn i Ethernet giao tip quang giao tip in. V cng
Ethernet trn thit b trung tm SCD5200 h tr giao tip quang (u cm ST) nn
kt ni vi PC hoc Switch h tr giao tip in (u cm RJ45) th phi trang b thm
b chuyn i ny.
Ti TBA Amata 2: Lp t 01 b Ethernet Media Converter ti t RTU.
Ti TBA Amata 1: Lp t 01 b Ethernet Media Converter ti t RTU.
3.2.7 Serial2Fiber Converter
Chc nng, nhim v: chuyn i t RS232/422/485 sang giao tip quang. V card
Glass Optical IEC103 trn thit b trung tm SCD5200 h tr giao tip quang nn
kt ni vi cc rle bo v h tr chun RS485 th phi trang b thm b chuyn i
ny.
Ti TBA Amata 2: Lp t 01 b Serial2Fiber Converter ti t RTU.
Ti TBA Amata 1: Lp t 01 b Serial2Fiber Converter ti t RTU.
3.3 H thng SCADA ti trm 110kV Th Ngh
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
25
Hnh 12 S kt ni H thng SCADA trm 110kV Th Ngh
3.4 H thng SCADA trm 500kV Sng My
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
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Hnh 13 v 14 S kt ni h thng SCADA trm 500kV Sng My
4. Kt lun
Trm bin p truy cp t xa c u nhc im nh sau:
u im:
Thu thp d liu, x l v iu khin nhanh chng.
Gim thiu ti a sai st ca con ngi.
Gim chi ph cho cng tc vn hnh, gim st, iu khin v thu thp d liu.
Nhc im:
Chi ph u t ban u cao.
Yu cu i ng cn b k thut c trnh cao.
S dng trm bin p iu khin v gim st t xa cng cc thit b thng minh ti ch
l xu hng v yu cu tt yu trong H thng in nhm mc ch m bo H thng
lun c tin cy cao v vn hnh n nh, lin tc.
5. Ti liu tham kho
[1] Practical Electrical Network Automation and Communication.
[2] Klaus-Peter Brand, Volker Lohmann and Wolfgang Wimmer, Substation
Automation Handbook..
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Trm bin p iu khin t xa v Thit b in t thng minh
27
[3] R. P. Gupta, Substation Automation Using IEC61850 Standard, in Fifteenth
National Power Systems Conference (NPSC), IIT Bombay, December 2008.
[4] Tp on in lc Vit Nam, Xy dng v Qun l vn hnh thit b SCADA
ca Trm bin p v Nh my in, 2008
[5] Cng ty Thit k Thnh t, H thng thng tin lin lc v SCADA trm bin p
110kV Vinacraft, 10/2008.
[6] Ngun ti liu trn internet.