traumatisme (stomatologie)
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Radiology of maxilo-facial
trauma
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Fractures of facial cranial bonesare part of the most numerous of
skeletal diseases. Their number
in the other pathologies of facial
and skull in the total number of
traumas has tendency to
permanent increase. Increases
in so far complication technical
base of human activity,
urbanisation, increasingconsiderably the number of
vehicles.
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One of the main causes of
increasing traumatism is road
accident, which leads to themost serious injuries. The
mass base of the affected
population is a young age
and capable of working.
Errors in the treatment of
these patients develop
complications, and most
often is meeted posttraumatic
osteomyelitis, skeletaldeformation and vital organs
disfunction, often related to
diagnostical errors, especially
in radiological diagnosis.
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For description convenience is
useful to divide facial skull injuries in
fractures of the superior, middle and
inferior zones.Injuries of superior zone are
fractures of the walls of frontal sinus
supraorbital fractures.
In the middle zone there are
fractures of the facial skull, located
above oclusional plan of superior
jaw to the upper wall of orbits.
Fractures of the mandible are
located in the inferior zone.Fractures of the facial skull together
with fractures of the brain skull and
other bones are the group of
associated fractures.
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Affected bone structures in
maxilo-facial traumatism.
7
16
45
8
24
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
nazale zigomatic mandibula mand.+ zig asociate
Series1
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1. Semiaxial projection
2. Antero-posteriorprojection
3. Profile projection
4. Axial projection of the
maxilla5. Panoramic radiograph
6. CT - scan
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mandibular fractures
6025
15
angulare
condilare
ramuar
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Reflected
fractures
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Fracture in place of direct
action force.
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Articular condyle fracture
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Mandibular dynamic consolidation
allows to recommend the following for
making a radiogram control:
1.After imobiliztion.
2.After 7 days.
3.follows the intervention with 1.5
months.
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Isolated injury of maxilla
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Intermaxillarydisjunction
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Le Fort 2
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Le Fort3
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Zigomaticoorbital
Compound fracture
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Compound fracture of left the
zigomatico-orbit with orbital
compression in the left
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zigomatic bone fracture
in right side with intraorbit fragments
depression.
C d f t f i ti bit ith
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Compound fracture of zigomatic-orbit with
inferior wall fractue of eye, eye globe, maxilar
sinus compression.
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Superior zone fractures includes
supraorbital fracture and walls of frontalsinuses
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Nasal bone injury
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Trauma by firearm, combined with the total destruction
of the nasal pyramid, vaults Palatine, perpendicular
Lamella of ethmoid, vomer, sphenoid Sinus, maxillary
sinus, alveolar processes, mandible.