trgovanje s prihodnostjo sporazum ttip ali kako nam korporacije poskuŠajo ugrabiti prihodnost....
TRANSCRIPT
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TRGOVANJE S PRIHODNOSTJO
SPORAZUM TTIP ALI KAKO NAM KORPORACIJE POSKUŠAJO UGRABITI PRIHODNOST.
DRŽAVNI SVET, 13. 2. 2015.
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NTB: ZA „MEJO“ ALI ZA NAS?
NON TARIF BARRIER ALI NECARINSKA OVIRA TRGOVINI
- NASTANE ZARADI RAZLIK V ZAKONIH EU IN ZDA
CILJ POGAJANJ JE REGULATORNA SKLADNOST: OBSTOJEČE ZAKONE EU IN ZDA NAREDITI ČIM BOLJ „PODOBNE“.
80% PREDVIDENE RASTI ZARADI ODPRAVE NTB
TEŽAVA: - RAZLIKE V ZAKONIH PREVELIKE, - POSKUSI KORPORACIJ ZA DEREGULACIJO, - VPRAŠANJE „DIRKE PROTI DNU“
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O ČEM TEČEJO POGAJANJA
ZRAČNI PROMET
Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment43
Rank NTM or Diverging Regulation Trend Sector or Sources of
Cross-cutting Information44
Trade measures
1 Government support for Airbus Constant Sector specific Expert & survey
2 Government support for Airbus Suppliers Increasing Sector specific Expert & survey
3 Government support for Aircraft Engines Constant Sector specific Expert & survey
producers 4 Prior authorisation for sensitive product Constant Cross-cutting Survey
categories 5 Trade measures due to technical specifications Constant Cross-cutting Survey
6 Double certification need caused by The Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey
European Union’s Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) program and the US Customs- Trade Partnership against Terrorism (C-TPAT) 7 EU Patent System Constant Cross-cutting Survey
Investment measures 1 Limits to investment due to national security and Increasing Sector-specific Survey
strategic considerations
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Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment56
Rank NTM or diverging regulation Trend Sector or Sources of
Cross-cutting information57
Trade measures
1 EU/international product standards (UNECE) differ from US Constant Sector-specific Expert &
standards (FMVSS). survey
2 Trade measures due to numerous technical specifications. Increasing Cross-cutting Survey &
literature
3 REACH regulation Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey
4 Safety and health measures Constant Cross-cutting Survey
5 Different cetane levels in diesel fuel between EU and US – Constant Cross-cutting Expert
leading to costs to tune engines to these different levels
6 Patent system Constant Cross-cutting Survey
7 Double certification need caused by the European Union’s Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey
Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) program and the US
Customs-Trade Partnership against Terrorism (C-TPAT)
8 Customs administration differences between EU Member Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey
States
Investment measures
1 EU/international product standards (UNECE) differ from US Decreasing Sector-specific Expert &
AVTOMOBILSKA INDUSTRIJA
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Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment69
Rank NTM or diverging regulation Trend Sector or Cross- Sources of
cutting information70
Trade measures 1 Divergence in risk assessment requirements Constant Sector Survey & expert
between REACH and TSCA 2 Classification of chemicals under the Dangerous Decreasing Sector Expert
Substances Directive 3 RoHS and restrictions on hazardous substances Constant - Cross-cutting Expert
increasing 4 Product Labelling requirements (including eco- Constant Sector Expert & survey
labelling) 5 Testing requirements / Risk assessment for plant Constant Cross-cutting Survey & Expert
protection and biocidal products 6 Double certification need caused by the European Decrease Cross-cutting Survey
Union’s Authorised Economic Operator (AEO) program and the US Customs-Trade Partnership against Terrorism (C-TPAT) 7 Different Member State legislation on chemicals Constant Sector Survey
security 8 Customs administration differences between EU Constant Cross-cutting Survey
Member States 9 Pre-shipment inspections Increasing Cross-cutting Survey
Investment measures 1 EU Intellectual property rights definition which is less Constant Cross-cutting Survey &
broad than the US ones literature
KEMIKALIJE
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Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence83
Rank NTM or diverging regulation Trend Sector or Cross- Sources of
cutting information84
Trade measures
1 Animal testing: a ban on animal testing of cosmetic Increasing Sector Survey & expert &
products and on products containing ingredients literature
tested on animals
2 Product notifications differ from Member State to Constant Sector Survey
Member State
3 Notification: Compulsory in EU, not in US Constant Sector Expert & literature
4 Evaluation by SCCP Increasing Sector Expert
5 Access to information – different requirements in Increasing Sector Expert
US
6 Use of CMR substances Constant Sector Expert & literature
7 Differing requirements for labelling products Increasing Sector Expert & literature
8 US non-retail products exempt from certain Constant Sector-specific Expert
labelling requirements but not in the EU
Investment measures
1 A ban on animal testing of cosmetic products and Increasing Sector Survey & literature
on products containing ingredients tested on
animals
2 Product notifications differ from Member State to Increasing Cross-cutting Survey & literature
Member State.
KOZMETIKA
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Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment 96
Rank NTM or diverging regulation Trend Sector or Cross- Sources of
cutting information97
Trade measures
1 Restriction on Hazardous Substances Constant Sector Expert & literature
(RoHS) Directive
2 WEEE Decreasing Sector Expert & survey &
literature
3 REACH regulation Constant Cross-cutting Expert
4 Several directives for energy efficiency, e.g. Increasing Sector Expert & survey &
Framework for Energy-using Products, Low literature
Voltage Directive
5 EU standards in the field of information Decreasing Sector Expert & survey &
technology and telecommunications literature
5 Differences in testing standards and Decreasing Sector Expert
certification procedures
6 Customs and border protection/controls Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey & literature
7 European patent system Constant Cross-cutting Survey & literature
8 Pre-shipment inspections Increase Cross-cutting Survey
Investment measures
1 EU Data Protection Directive (1995/46) Constant Cross-cutting Experts
2 European patent system Constant Cross-cutting Survey & literature
3 Local licensing requirements Constant Sector Survey
4 Requirement for professional qualifications Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey
for foreign firms
ELEKTROINDUSTRIJA
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Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment120
Rank NTM or Diverging Regulation Trend Sector/Cross- Information
cutting sources121
Trade measures 1 Waste electric and electronic equipment directive Decreasing Sector Expert & survey
2 Other technical measures Decreasing Cross-cutting Expert & survey &
literature
3 Customs and border protection Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey
4 EU standards in the field of information technology and Decreasing Sector Expert & survey
telecommunications
5 European patent system Constant Cross-cutting Survey & literature
6 Transfer delays, slow custom procedures Cross-cutting Survey
7 Council Decision 93/465/EEC concerning the modules Constant Sector Expert & literature
for the various phases of the conformity assessment
procedures
8 EU Electromagnetic Compatibility requirements Constant Sector Expert & literature
Investment measures 1 Waste electric and electronic equipment directive Decreasing Sector Expert & survey
2 EU Member States to adopt DVB-H as the main Increasing Sector Expert
technology for networks
3 Other technical measures Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey
4 European patent system Constant Cross-cutting Survey & literature
5 Local licensing requirements Constant Sector Survey & expert
PISARNIŠKA IN IKT OPREMA
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Table 12.2 Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment130
Rank NTM or Diverging Regulation Trend Sector or Sources of
Cross-cutting information131
Trade measures
1 EU pricing policy – Member State differences Increasing Sector Survey & expert
2 Health technology assessment differences Increasing Sector Survey & expert
3 Different rules in various Member States concerning Constant Sector Survey & expert
authorization of pharmaceuticals
4 International reference pricing Constant Sector Expert
5 Therapeutic reference pricing Constant Sector Expert
6 Differences in the enforcement of the unified Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey & expert
customs system across EU Member States
7 Parallel trade allowance Constant- Sector Survey & expert
Decreasing
8 Restrictions concerning information distribution to Constant Sector Survey & expert
patients
Investment measures 1 Export restraint arrangements Increasing Cross-cutting Survey & experts
2 Different rules in different Member States Decreasing – Sector specific Expert
concerning authorization of pharmaceuticals Constant
3 Prohibitions against investment by foreign Increasing Cross-cutting Survey
companies (e.g. security, sensitive products, etc.)
ZDRAVILA
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OSTALA PODROČJA
TELEKOMUNIKACIJSKE STORITVE FINANČNE STORITVE BIOTEHNOLOGIJAJAVNA NAROČILAINTELEKTUALNE PRAVICEZAVAROVALNIŠTVOTRANSPORTNE STORITVE TURISTIČNE STORITVEGRADBENIŠTVOOSTALE POSLOVNE STORITVEOSEBNE, KULTURNE IN REKREACIJSKE STORITVETEKSTIL, OBLAČILA IN OBUTVELES, PAPIR, BLAGO IZ LESA IN PAPIRJA
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NTB: OVIRA TRGOVINI ALI POTREBEN NADZOR?
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ZAKAJ JE POMEMBNO (ZA NAS?)
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„STANDARDI NE BODO NIŽJI“ALI DODD FRANK ACT
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KAM VODI TTIP?
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ZAKONODAJNO SODELOVANJE ALI RCC
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MEHANIZEM ISDS
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KAJ PRIDOBI NAŠE GOSPODARSTVO?Member Exports to Exports to Exports to Trade Summary Tariff on Overallstate US as US as Substitu- Comple- measure top 10 score share of share of tionality (S) mentarity (C) (trade S exports (0-10) total GDP (%) (0-1) (0-1) minus trade- exports (%) trade C) weighted average (%) Estonia 3.47 2.59 0.315 0.339 0.02 5.19 10Denmark 5.2 1.74 0.379 0.411 0.03 2.42 9Portugal 4.22 1.21 0.318 0.355 0.04 4.62 9Germany 8.08 3.24 0.53 0.519 -0.01 1.65 8Italy 6.96 1.73 0.428 0.438 0.01 2.12 8Lithuania 2.79 1.98 0.319 0.337 0.02 5.68 8Netherlands 3.88 2.77 0.501 0.453 -0.05 3.49 8Spain 3.71 0.85 0.403 0.421 0.02 3.47 8UK 11.46 2.49 0.527 0.505 -0.02 1.99 8Finland 6.07 1.76 0.328 0.279 -0.05 2.46 7Ireland 21.16 11.21 0.232 0.2 -0.03 1.48 7Sweden 5.82 1.74 0.447 0.423 -0.02 1.64 7Belgium 5.14 5.17 0.467 0.417 -0.05 1.76 6Cyprus 3.58 0.35 0.168 0.197 0.03 2.09 6Hungary 3.04 2.52 0.389 0.406 0.02 1.1 6Slovakia 1.81 1.61 0.332 0.403 0.07 2.45 6Austria 5.36 2.14 0.419 0.407 -0.01 1.02 5Bulgaria 1.37 0.76 0.28 0.298 0.02 11.1 5Czech Rep. 2.17 1.76 0.405 0.438 0.03 1.16 5Poland 2.24 0.87 0.38 0.398 0.02 2.22 5Croatia 2.75 0.57 0.284 0.273 -0.01 2.23 4France 6.31 1.31 0.485 0.444 -0.04 0.69 4Greece 3.42 0.51 0.288 0.219 -0.07 4.74 4Malta 4.34 2.34 0.21 0.152 -0.06 0.99 4Romania 1.67 0.58 0.308 0.345 0.04 1.57 4Latvia 1.18 0.51 0.314 0.316 0 1.31 3Luxembourg 3.41 0.78 0.219 0.196 -0.02 0.28 2Slovenia 1.69 1.04 0.346 0.321 -0.03 0.66 2
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SKORAJ NIČ!
Scenarij 1100% eliminacija carin in izvoznih davkov EU z ZDA
Scenarij 2100% eliminacija carin in
izvoznih davkov, 25% eliminacija necarinskih ovir
Scenarij 3100% eliminacija carin in
izvoznih davkov, 50% eliminacija necarinskih ovir
Scenarij 4100% eliminacija carin in
izvoznih davkov, 50% elim. necar. ovir, 10% rast
kapitalskih tokov
Skupen izvoz-0.067
-0.220-0.421 -1.855
Izvoz v ZDA 9.600
20.62535.780 31.148
Izvoz v EU-0.279
-0.567-1.811 -2.322
Izvoz v tretje države-0.359 -0.277 1.738 -2.535
Skupen uvoz-0.054
-0.235-0.455 -0.129
Uvoz iz ZDA8.060
22.40738.969 39.791
Uvoz iz EU-0.407
-1.050-1.782 -1.222
Uvoz iz tretjih držav0.433 0.972 1.554 -0.065
BDP-0.024
-0.0100.015 0.270
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SODOBEN SPORAZUM?
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KAJ SLEDI