7/30/2019 T ni l mt phn quan trng trong cu

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T ni l mt phn quan trng trong cu, n to nn logic trong li ni v cuvn ca bn. Chng ta hy cng hc nhng t ni thng dng nht trong ting

Anh nh!

1. Because, Because of- ng sau Because phi dng 1 cu hon chnh nhng ng sau Because ofphi dng 1 ng danh t.

- Because of = on account of = due to: Do bi

- Nhng nn dng due to sau ng t to be cho chun.

Ex: The accident was due to the heavy rain.

- Dng as a result of nhn mnh hu qu ca hnh ng hoc s vt, svic.

Ex: He was blinded as a result of a terrible accident.

2. T ni ch mc ch v kt qu- Trong cu trc ny ngi ta dng thnh ng "so that" (sao cho, cho). ngt mnh sau "so that" phi thi tng lai so vi thi ca ng t mnh chnh.

Ex: He studied very hard so that he could pass the test.

- Phi phn bit "so that" trong cu trc ny vi so that mang ngha do (therefore). Cch phn bit duy nht l ng t ng sau so that mang ngha do din bin bnh thng so vi thi ca ng t mnh ng trc.

Ex: We heard nothing from him so that ( = therefore) we wondered if he movedaway.

3. T ni ch nguyn nhn v kt qu.- Trong loi t ni ny ngi ta dng cu trc so/such .... that = qu, n nim v chia lm nhiu loi s dng.

. Dng vi tnh t v ph t : Cu trc l so ..... that.

Ex: Terry ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.

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Ex: Judy worked so diligently that she received an increase in salary.

- Dng vi danh t s nhiu: Cu trc vn l so ... that nhng phi dng manyhoc few trc danh t .

Ex: I had so few job offers that it wasn't difficult to select one.

- Dng vi danh t khng m c: Cu trc vn l so ... that nhng phi dngmuch hoc little trc danh t .

Ex: He has invested so much money in the project that he can't abandon it now.

- Dng vi tnh t + danh t s t: such a ... that. C th dng so theo cu trc :so + adj + a + noun ... that. (t ph bin hn)

Ex: It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors.It was so a hot day that we decided to stay indoors.

- Dng vi tnh t + danh t s nhiu/khng m c: such ... that. Tuyt ikhng c dng so.

Ex: They are such beautiful pictures that everybody will want one.This is such difficult homework that I will never finish it.

4. Mt s cc t ni mang tnh iu kin khc.- Even if + negative verb: cho d.Ex: You must go tomorrow even if you aren't ready.

- Whether or not + positive verb: d c hay khng.Ex: You must go tomorrow whether or not you are ready.

- Cc i t nghi vn ng u cu cng dng lm t ni v ng t theo sauchng phi chia ngi th 3 s t.

Ex: Whether he goes out tonight depends on his girldfriend.Why these pupils can not solve this problems makes the teachers confused.

- Mt s cc t ni c quy lut ring ca chng nu kt hp vi nhau

And moreover - And in addtion And thus - Or otherwiseAnd furthermore - And therefore But nevertheless - But ... anyway

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- Nu ni gia hai mnh , ng trc chng phi c du phyEx: He was exhausted, and therefore his judgement was not very good.

- Nhng nu ni gia hai t n th khngEx:The missing piece is small but nevertheless significant.

- Unless + positive = if ... not: Tr phi, nu khng. Ex: You will be late unless you start at once.

- But for that + unreal condition: Nu khng th. Hin tiEx: My father pays my fee, but for that I couldn't be here(But he is herelearning)

. Qu khEx: My car broke down, but for that we would have been here in time (But theywere late)

- Otherwise + real condition: Ko, nu khng th.Ex: We must be back before midnight otherwise I will be locked out.

- Otherwise + unreal condition: Ko, nu khng th nhng sau n phi l iukin khng th thc hin c

Hin tiEx: Her father supports her finance otherwise she couldn't conduct theseexperiments (But she can with her father's).

. Qu kh:Ex: I used a computer, otherwise I would have taken longer with thesecalculations (But he didn't take any longer).

Notes: Trong ting Anh thng thng (colloquial English) ngi ta dng or else thay th cho otherwise.

- Provided/Providing that: Vi iu kin l, min l = as long asEx: You can camp here providing that you leave no mess.

- Suppose/Supposing = What ... if : Gi s .... th sau, Nu ..... th sao.Ex: Suppose the plane is late = What (will happen) if the plane is late.

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- Suppose cn c th c dng a ra li gi .Ex: Suppose you ask him = Why don't you ask him.

- Lu thnh ng: What if I am: Tao th th sao no (mang tnh thch thc)

- If only + S + simple present/will + verb = hope that: hi vng rng Ex : If only he comes in timeEx : If only he will learn harder for the test next month.

- If only + S + simple past/past perfect = wish that(Cu /k khng thc hinc) = gi mEx: If only he came in time now.If only she had studied harder for that test

- If only + S + would + V. Din t mt hnh ng khng th xy ra hin tiEx: If only he would drive more slowly = we wish he drove more slowly.

Din t mt c mun v vng v tng lai:Ex: If only it would stop raining

- Immediately = as soon as = the moment (that) = the instant that = directly:ngay lp tc/ ngay khi m

Ex: Tell me immediatly (=as soon as ) you have any news.Ex: Phone me the moment that you get the results.Ex: I love you the instant (that) I saw you.Ex: Directly I walked in the door I smelt smoke