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Pq¬ 2014 ]©mbØv cmPv 1

]pkvXIw 54 u e¡w 3 ]©mb¯v hIp¸v {]kn²oIcWw Pq¬ 2014

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5 FUn‰dpsS t]Pv

6 676 Zn-\-§Ä 978 P\-]-£ ]-©m-b-¯pIÄ tUm. Fw.sI. ap\o¿

8 Im³-kÀ kpc-£m ]²-Xn F´v? F-´n\v? kp-tc-{µ³ Np-\-¡-c

11 ]Ån-¡q-S-§fnte-¡v ho ≠pw A-P-b³ ]-\-b-d

22 {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ D-bÀ-¶ P-\-kwJy: ]p-\x-kw-hn-[m-\w A-\n-hmcyw tUm.- kn. -{]-Zo-]vv

25 a-g-¡m-e-¯v \-in-¡p-¶ a-Õy-hÀ-¤§Ä _n-µp-cm-Pv Fw.F.

28 \Ã ]-cn-k-c-¯n-\m-bn b-Xv-\n¡mw hn-\p F.

31 tdm-Up kp-c-£nX-Xz ap³K-W-\ C-́ y-bnÂ A¬tIjv Xym-Kn

35 cm-Po-hv Km-Ôn ]-©mb-¯v k-im-ào-I-c¬ A-hmÀUv

38 kv{XoIÄ¡v kwc£W IhNw ss{Iw am¸nwKv

Sn. jm-lp¬ l-ao-Zv

14 5'S' : tSm«Â Izmfnän amt\-Pvsaân-\-pÅ ImÂhbv]v

tUm. sP.-_n. cm-P³ & _n-Pp. F-kv.-sI.

17 ]-©m-b-¯v A-¡u≠v kw-i-b-§-fpw a-dp-]-Sn-I-fpw

D-Z-b-`m-\p I-t≠-¯v

20 {Kma]©mbØpIfneqsS


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h-cp-¶ an-j³ 676sâ ̀ m-K-am-

bp-Å ""^-bÂ XoÀ-¸m-¡Â

A-Zm-e-̄ v ]-©m-b-̄ v U-b-d-Iv-S-td-

änÂ ta-bv 20, 21 Xo-b-Xn-I-fn-em-bn

\-S-¶p. B-Zy-Zn-h-kw Im-kÀ-tIm-Sv

ap-XÂ Xr-iqÀ h-sc-bp-Å G-gv Pn-Ã-

I-fpw c|mw Zn-h-kw F-d-Wm-Ip-fw

ap-XÂ Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw h-sc-bp-Å

7 Pn-Ã-I-fn-sebpw A-Zm-e-¯m-Wv

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¡v ]-©m-b-¯p U-b-d-Iv-SÀ C³-

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& F.-BÀ.Un tPm-bnâ v sk-{I-«-dn,

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h-cp-sS taÂ-t\m-«-̄ n-em-Wv A-Zm-e-

¯v \-S-¶-Xv. F-Ãm Un-Un-]n-am-cpw

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bn lm-P-cm-bn U-b-d-Iv-S-td-än-se

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k-s¯ ^-bÂ XoÀ-¸m-¡Â A-Zm-

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19, 20, 21 Xo-b-Xn-I-fn-em-bn \-S-

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{µ [-\-Im-cy I-½nj-sâ

tI-c-f k-µÀ-i-\-th-f-bnÂ

tIc-fm {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯v A-tkm-

kn - tb -j³ {I n -bm -ß -Iamb

\ nÀ-t±-i-§-f-S§n-b sa-t½m-dm- w

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C. {]-Zo-]v, I-Ã-Sn A-_q-_-¡À, Xr-

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¶n-[y-̄ n-em-bn-cp-¶p sa-t½m-dm- |

k-aÀ -̧Ww \-S-¶Xv.

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c-f-¯n-se {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-I-fp-sS ap-Jy-h-cp-am-\ t{km-

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Im-c-Ww A-h-sbm-¶pw \-S-¸n-em-¡m³ I-gn-ªn-«n-Ã. F-¶mÂ

2013þ14 km-¼-¯n-I hÀ-jw ap-XÂ h-kv-Xp-\n-Ip-Xn ]-cn-jv-I-c-

Ww bm-YmÀ-°y-am-bn I-gn-ªp. Np-cp-¡w Nn-e {Km-a-]-©m-b-

¯p-IÄ 100% \n-Ip-Xn-bpw ]p-Xn-b \n-c-¡nÂ ]n-cn-s¨-Sp-¯v a-äv

{Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ-¡v am-Xr-I-bm-bn. A-¯-cw {Km-a-]-©m-b-

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c-Ww `q-cn-`m-Kw ]-©m-b-¯p-I-fpw ]qÀ-¯o-I-cn-¨-Xm-bn-«m-Wv

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]p-Xn-b \n-c-¡nÂ ]n-cn-s¨-Sp-¡m³ F-Ãm {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯v sk-

{I-«-dn-am-cpw {]-tXy-Iw {i-² \Â-In \-S-]-Sn-IÄ kzo-I-cn-t¡|-

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Kp-cp-X-c-am-bn Im-Wp-¶-Xm-Wv.

C-t¸mÄ \n-e-hn-ep-Å ]-©m-b-¯v `-c-W-k-an-Xn-bp-sS Im-em-h-

[n Xo-cm³ C-\n H-cp hÀ-j-hpw G-Xm-\pw am-k-§-fp-am-Wv ti-

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\n-Ip-Xn ]-cn-jv-I-c-Ww \-S-¸n-em-¡m³ _p-²n-ap-«m-bn-cn-¡pw.

P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fp-sS k-l-I-c-Ww \-ap-¡v e-`n-¡m³ km-²y-

X-bp|m-In-Ã. B-I-bmÂ {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯v sk-{I-«-dn-amÀ Cu

hn-j-bw Ku-c-h-am-bn I|v P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fp-sS k-l-I-c-W-

t¯m-sS k-a-b-_-Ôn-X-am-bn h-kv-Xp-\n-Ip-Xn ]-cn-jv-I-c-Ww

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sN-bv-Xp e-`n-t¡| \n-Ip-Xn-IÄ b-Ym-k-a-bw ]n-cn-s¨-Sp-¡m³

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I-gn-bpw. B-I-bmÂ F-Ãm Po-h-\-¡m-cpw Cu hn-j-b-¯nÂ

Iq-«p-¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-t¯m-sS {]-hÀ-¯n-¨v 2015þ-se ]-©m-b-¯v

C-e-£ -\p-am-bn 100% h-kv-Xp \n-Ip-Xn-bpw ]-cn-jv-I-cn-̈ \n-c-¡nÂ

] n-cn-s¨-Sp-t¡|-Xm-Wv.

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D]tZiI kanXn

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tUm. Fw.-sI. ap\o¿

]©m-bØv kmaq-l-y-\oXnhIp∏v a{¥n

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e-mail: [email protected]: 0471-2323286

AknÃ‚ v FUn‰¿

F. lmjnw

e-mail: [email protected]: 0471-2321280

Ih¿ Unssk≥ & te Hu´v

[email protected]

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k¿°mcnt‚Xmbncn°Wsa∂n√.

AhbpsS ]q¿Æamb DØchmZnXzw

teJI¿°v am{Xambncn°pw.

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]©m-bØvcmPn\v DØ-c-hm-Zn-X-z-an-√.

ta¬hn-emkw

FUn-‰¿

]©m-bØv cmPv amknI

]©m-bØv Ub-d-IvS-td‰v, ayq-knbw ]n.-H.

Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw ˛ 695033.

]©mbØv cmPv]©m-bØv hIp∏v {]kn-≤o-I-cWw

www.lsgkerala.gov.inPq¬ 2014 | ]pkvXIw 54 | e°w 3 | hm¿jnI hcnkwJy: `120

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¸p-IÄ {]-Jym-]n-¨ bp.Un.

F-^v. K-h¬-saân-sâ 676 Zn-\-]-

²-Xn-IÄ G-sd {]-Xo-£-IÄ D-WÀ-

¯n-¡-gn-ªp. bm-YmÀ-°y-t_m-[-

t¯m-sS cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯n-b C-h-bp-sS

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F¶ \n-jv-IÀ-j-bp|v. {Km-a-]-

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XÂ i-à-am-bn \n-e-bp-d-¸n-¡m-\ pw

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Wv Cu ]-²-Xn-IÄ hn-`m-h-\ sN-bv-

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{Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ ap³-\n-c-bnÂ

F-¯p-I-bm-Wv.

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saân-\ pw A-`n-am-\-hpw Nm-cn-XmÀ-

°y-hpw ]-I-cp-¶Xm-Wv. Ip-Spw-_-{io

\-S-̄ n-b ss{Iw-am-̧ nw-Kv tU-ä A-\m-

en-kn-eq-sS \-½p-sS ]-©m-b-̄ p-IÄ

kv-{Xo in-ip-ku-lr-Z {Km-a ]-©m-b-

¯p-I-fm-¡n am-äm³ I-gn-bpw. kv-{Xo-

IÄ-¡pw Ip«n-IÄ-¡pw kp-c-£n-X-

am-b tI-c-fw F¶ tI-c-f P-\-X-bp-sS

A-̀ n-em-jw km-£m-Xv-I-cn-¡p-¶XnÂ

\ nÀ-®m-b-I-am-bn ap-t¶dm³ 676 Zn-\-

¯nÂ {]-tXy-I IÀ-½ ]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ

D|m-hpw. u

K-h¬-saân-sâ 676 Zn -\-]-²-Xn-IÄ G-sd {]-Xo-£-IÄ D-WÀ-¯n-¡-gn-ªp. bm-YmÀ-°y-t_m-[-t¯m-sS cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯n-b C-h-bp-sS \-S-¯n-¸v P-\-Io-b-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww F¶ \n-jv-IÀ-j-bp| v. {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ P-\-]-£-̄ v Iq-Sp-XÂ i-à-am-bn \n-e-bp-d-¸n-¡m-\ pw X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W tk-h-\w k-´p-en-X-am-bn F-Ãm hn-`m-Kw P-\-X-bv-¡pw e-̀ y-am-Im-\pw X-¡-hn-[-¯n-em-Wv Cu ]-²-Xn-IÄ hn-`m-h-\ sN-bv-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xv.


kp-tc-{µ³ Np-\-¡-c



¡m-e-hpw a-\p-jy-s\ ̀ -b-s -̧Sp-

¯n-bn-cp-¶ tcm-K-am-Wv Im³-

kÀ. ssh-Zy-im-kv-{X-cw-K-¯v

ap-t¶-ä-ap|m-hp-I-bpw an-¡ Im³-

k-dp-I-sf-bpw Nn-In-Õn-¨p t`-Z-am-

¡m³ km-[n-¡p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-«pw

k-aq-l-¯nÂ \n-¶pw Cu `-bw

] qÀ-®-am-bpw am-dn-bn-«n-Ã. Im³-kÀ

aq-e-ap|m-Ip-¶ im-co-cn-I am-\-kn-I

hn-j-a-X-IÄ am-{X-a-Ã C-¯-c-sam-

cp `-b-¯n-\p Im-c-Ww. Im³-kÀ

Nn-In-Õ-bp-sS ZpÀ-h-l-am-b sN-e-

hpw \o|p-\nÂ-¡p-¶ tcm-K-Im-e-

hp-sam-s¡ Cu `-b-¯n-\v B-¡w

Iq-«p-¶p|v.

ssh-Zy-im-kv-{X-cw-K-s¯ \n-c-

-́c K-th-j-W ̂ -e-am-bn Im³-kÀ

Nn-In-Õ-bnÂ C-¶v {In-bm-ßI-am-b

]-cn-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä D|m-bn-«p|v.

H-«p-an-¡ Im³-k-dp-I-sf-bpw C-¶v

]-cn-]qÀ-®-am-bn Nn-In-Õn-¨p t`-

Z-am-¡m³ I-gn-bpw. ]qÀ-®-am-bn

t`-Z-am-¡m³ I-gn-bm-¯ A-]qÀ-Æw

Im³-k-dp -I-fnÂ \-Ã Nn-In -Õ

sIm|v in-jv-S Po-hn-Xw Kp-W-ta-·-

bp-Å-Xm-¡n am-ämw. Im³-kÀ tcm-

Kn-I-fp-sS im-co-cn-I th-Z-\-bp-sS-bpw

a-äv _p-²n-ap-«p-I-fp-sS-bpw Xo-{h-X

C-¶v G-sd Ip-d-ªn-«p|v.

\n-§-fp-sS kz-]v-\-§Ä-¡pw

{]-Xo-£-IÄ-¡pw B-tLm-j-§Ä-

¡pw Im³-kÀ H-cp X-S-k-am-tI|-

Xn-Ã. AÀ-_p-Z-s¯ B-ß-ss[-cy-

t¯m-sS-bpw hÀ-²n-¨ C-Ñm-i-àn-

tbm-sS-bpw t\-cn-Sp-I-bpw G-ä-hpw

an-I-¨ Nn-In-Õ Ir-Xy-k-a-b-¯p

e-`y-am-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-I-bm-Wp

th|-Xv.

F-¶mÂ Im³-kÀ Nn-In-Õ-

bp-sS sN-e-hv A-\p-Zn-\w hÀ-²n-¨p-

sIm|n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. A-Xy-´m-

[p-\n-I km-t¦-Xn-I-hn-Zy D-]-tbm-

K-s¸-Sp-¯n-bm-Wv an-¡ Im³-kÀ

Nn-In-Õ-I-fpw \Â-Ip-¶-Xv. A-Xp-

sIm|v X-s¶ F-Ãm-hn-`m-Kw P-\-

§Ä-¡pw ]-cn-]qÀ-® ku-P-\y-am-bn

ssl-sS-Iv Nn-In-Õ \Â-I-W-sa-¶v

Im³-kÀ B-ip-]-{Xn-IÄ-¡v B-{K-

l-ap-s|-¦n-epw A-Xv {]m-tbm-Kn-I-

am-bn-s¡m-Å-W-sa-¶n-Ã.

H-cp km-[m-c-W Ip-Spw-_-¯n-

sâ km-¼-¯n-Im-Sn-¯-d X-s¶

X-IÀ-¡m³ ]-cym-]v-X-am-Wv Im³-

kÀ Nn-In-Õ-bp-sS sN-e-hv. Ip-Spw-

_-\m-Y-s\ tcm-Kw _m-[n-¡p-I-

bm-sW-¦nÂ sXm-gn-enÂ \n-¶p-Å

h-cp-am-\-hpw \n-e-bv-¡p-¶p. Cu

km-l-N-cy-¯nÂ Nn-In-Õ-bv-¡p-Å

]-Ww, ho-«p-sN-e-hv, Ip-«n-I-fp-sS

hn-Zym-`ym-kw, Xp-S-§n \n-c-h-[n

{]-iv-\-§Ä H-cp Ip-Spw-_w A-`n-ap-

Jo-I-cn-t¡|n-h-cp-¶p.

ho-Spw ]-d-¼pw hn-äv Im³-kÀ

Nn-In-Õ \-S-¯n \n-cm-ew-_cm-bn-

¯oÀ-¶ [m-cm-fw a-\p-jyÀ \-½p-sS-

bn-S-bn-ep|v. tcm-Kn-I-fp-tS-bpw Ip-

Spw-_-¯n-sâ-bpw Cu {]-iv-\-§Ä

t\-cn-«p a-\-Ên-em-¡n-b do-P-WÂ

Im³-kÀ skâÀ, A-Xn-s\m-cp

]-cn-lm-c-sa-¶ \n-e-bn-em-Wv Im³-

kÀ sI-bÀ t^mÀ sse-^v ]-²-Xn

B-hn-jv -I-cn -¨-Xv. A-`q-X-] qÀ-Æ-

am-b t{]m-Õm-l-\-hpw {]-Xn-I-c-

W-hp-am-Wv P-\-§-fnÂ \n-¶v Cu

]-²-Xn-bv-¡v e-`n-¨-Xv. ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-

¡-W-¡n-\m-fp-IÄ Cu ]-²-Xn-bnÂ

tN-cp-I-bp|m-bn. C-t¸mÄ X-s¶

B-bn-c-¡-W-¡n-\v tcm-Kn-IÄ-¡v

F

ssh-Zy-im-kv-{X-cw-K-s¯ \n-c-´-c K-th-j-W ^-e-am-bn Im³-kÀ Nn-In-Õ-bnÂ C-¶v {In-bm-ßI-am-b ]-cn-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä D≠m-bn-«p≠ v. H-«p-an-¡ Im³-k-dp-I-sf-bpw C-¶v ]-cn-]qÀ-®-am-bn Nn-In-Õn-¨p t`-Z-am-¡m³ I-gn-bpw. ]qÀ-®-am-bn t`-Z-am-¡m³ I-gn-bm-¯ A-]qÀ-Æw Im³-k-dp-I-fnÂ \-Ã Nn-In-Õ sIm≠v in-jv-S Po-hn-Xw Kp-W-ta-·-bp-Å-Xm-¡n am-ämw.



Cu ]-²-Xn-bp-sS {]-tbm-P-\w e-`n-

¨p-I-gn-ªp.

C-Xp-h-sc Im³-kÀ tcm-Kw

\nÀ-®-bn-¡-s¸-«n-«n-Ãm-¯ Im³-

kÀ Nn-In-Õ-bv-¡p hn-t[-b-am-bn-«n-

Ãm-¯ G-sXm-cp C-ý³ ]u-c-\ pw

Cu ]-²-Xn-bnÂ Aw-K-am-Imw.

a-äv C³-jz-d³-kv t]m-fn-kn-I-fnÂ

\n-¶pw Xn-I-¨pw hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b

H-cp {]-tXy-I-X Cu ]-²-Xn-¡p|v.

Po-hn-X-¯nÂ H-cn-¡Â am-{Xw

Aw-K-Xz-ô-kv A-S-¨mÂ a-Xn-bm-

Iqw. Aw-K-am-bn c|p-hÀ-jw I-gn-

ªv Po-hn-X-¯nÂ F-t¸mÄ Im³-

kÀ h-¶m-epw Aw-K-Xz ô-kn-\m-

\p-] m-Xn-I-am-b ku-P-\y-Nn-In-Õ,

Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw do-P-WÂ Im³-

kÀ skâ-dnÂ \n-¶p e-`n-¡pw.

H.-] n, sF.]n hy-Xym-k-an-Ãm-sX

F-Ãm Nn-In-Õ-I-fpw ku-P-\y-am-

bn e-`n-¡p-sa-¶-Xm-Wv C-Xn-sâ

{]-tXy-I-X.

Zm-cn-{Zy-tc-J-bv-¡p Xm-sg-bp-Å

P-\-hn-̀ m-K-§-Ä, IÀ-j-I-s¯m-gn-em-

fn-IÄ, \nÀ-½m-W-s¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ

sN-dp-In-S Ir-jn-¡mÀ, sN-dp-In-S

I-¨-h-S-¡mÀ Xp-S-§n km-¼-¯n-

I-am-bn ]n-t¶m-¡w \nÂ-¡p-¶

P-\-§Ä Cu ]-²-Xn-bnÂ tN-cm³

ap-t¶m-«p-h-c-Ww. sXm-gnÂ sN-¿m-

\p-Å B-tcm-Kyw \-jv-S-s -̧«v tcm-Kw

_m-[n-¡p-t¼mÄ Nn-In-Õm-s¨-e-

hpw Ip-Spw-_-s -̈e-hpw H-¶n-̈ p h-ln-

¡m³ I-gn-bm-sX \m-«p-Im-cp-sS-bpw

k-¶-²-kw-L-S-\-I-fp-sS-bpw k-lm-

b-t¯m-sS Po-hn-¡p-¶ \n-c-h-[n

tcm-Kn-I-sf Rm³ Im-Wp-¶p|v.

B-tcm-Ky-ap-Å-t¸mÄ Xp-Ñ-am-b Xp-

I-ap-S-¡n Cu ]-²-Xn-bnÂ Aw-K-am-

bmÂ, tcm-K-Im-e-¯v B-cp-sS-bpw

ap-¶nÂ ssI-\o-«m-sX X-s¶ Po-

hn-Xw apt¼m-«p sIm|p-t]m-Im³

I-gn-bpw. C-t¸mÄ Cu ]-²-Xn-bv-

¡v \n-Ý-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶ Ip-d-ª

Aw-K-Xz-ô-kv tI-h-ew 500 cq-]

am-{X-am-sW-t¶mÀ-¡-Ww. 500 cq-]-

bp-sS Aw-K-Xz-sa-Sp-¡p-¶ hy-àn-¡v

c|p hÀ-j-̄ n-\p ti-jw Im³-kÀ

_m-[n-¨mÂ, 50,000 cq-]-bp-sS Nn-In-

Õ-bm-Wv e-`n-¡p-I.

X-t±-i-kz-bw-`-c-W Øm-]-\-

A-P-b³ ]-\-b-d

§Ä, k-¶-²-kw-L-S\-IÄ, km-

aq-ly-kw-L-S-\-IÄ bp-h-P-\-kw-L-

S-\-IÄ Xp-S-§n hn-hn-[ G-P³-kn-

IÄ-¡v {]m-tZ-in-I X-e-¯nÂ Cu

]-²-Xn-bnÂ Aw-K-§-sf tNÀ-¡m³

I-gn-bpw. {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-I-fp-sS

_-P-äp-hn-ln-X-¯nÂ H-cp `m-Kw,

\ nÀ-²-\À-¡v Cu Aw-K-Xz-sa-Sp-¯p

sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\m--bn am-än-h-bv-¡m³

{i-an-¡-Ww. tcm-K-Nn-In-Õ-bv-¡m-bn

ò-a-am-b Xp-I kw-`-cn-¨p \Â-Ip-

¶-Xn-t\-¡mÄ F-{X-tbm ^-e-{]-Z-

am-Wv Im³-k-dnÂ \n-¶p kp-c-£

\Â-Ip-¶ Cu ]-²-Xn-sb-¶-XnÂ

bm-sXm-cp kw-i-b-hp-an-Ã. 50,000

cq-] H-cp tcm-Kn-¡p Nn-In-Õ-bv-¡m-

bn \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\p ]-I-cw 100 t]

À-¡v B-bp-jv-¡m-e Nn-In-Õm ]-cn-

c-£ \Â-Ip-I F-¶-Xv A-`n-Im-ay-

am-b H-cp Xo-cp-am-\-am-bn-cn-¡pw.

teJ-I³ Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw

BÀ.kn.kn.bn-se ]n.BÀ.H. BWv

C-Xp-h-sc Im³-kÀ tcm-Kw \nÀ-®-bn-¡-s¸-«n-«n-Ãm-¯ Im³-kÀ Nn-In-Õ-bv-¡p hn-t[-b-am-bn-«n-Ãm-¯ G-sXm-cp C-ý³ ]u-c-\ pw Cu ]-²-Xn-bnÂ Aw-K-am-Imw. a-äv C³-jz-d³-kv t]m-fn-kn-I-fnÂ \n-¶pw Xn-I-¨pw hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b H-cp {]-tXy-I-X Cu ]-²-Xn-¡p≠v. Po-hn-X-̄ nÂ H-cn-¡Â am-{Xw Aw-K-Xz-̂ o-kv A-S-̈ mÂ a-Xn-bm-Iqw.


u


]Ån-¡q-S-§fnte-¡v

ho≠pw

-Ån-¡q-S-§Ä ho|pw Xp-d-

¡p-I-bm-Wv. ""]p-¯-\p-Sp-¸pw

] p-Xn-b _p-¡pw ]p-¯-\mw

tÉ-äp-am-bn tam-l-\ hn-Zym-hn-em-kn-

\n-sb ssI-]n-Sn-¨p sIm|p-h-cm³''

(C-S-tÈ-cn-þ ]-Ån-¡q-S-¯n-te-¡v

ho|pw) Ip-cp-¶p-IÄ ]p-d-s¸-Sp-¶

Im-e-am-Wn-Xv. I-hn hm-¡p-IÄ ap-

XnÀ-¶-h-cnÂ Nm-cw aq-Sm-¯ HmÀ-½-

s¸m-«p-IÄ am-{X-am-Wn-¶v. th-K-hpw

Ip-Xn-¸pw io-e-am-¡n-b ]p-Xn-b Im-

e-¯v Ip-ªp-§-sf \mw Iq-«-tbm-«

a-Õ-c-¯nÂ H-¶m-a-sX-¯m³ ]-cn-

io-en-̧ n-̈ p Xp-S-§p-¶ Im-e-am-Wn-Xv

F-¶p ]-d-bmw.

"[mÀ-an-I \n-b-a-§-fm-epw aq-ey-

§-fm-epw \n-b-{´n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶ H-cp

kmw-kv-Im-cn-I {]-hÀ-¯-\-am-Wv'

hn-Zym-`ym-kw. cm-jv-{S-¯n-sâ `m-hn

cq-]-s -̧Sp-¶-Xv ¢m-kv ap-dn-I-fn-em-Wv

F-¶v C-¶pw a-d-¡m-sX Nn-e-sc-¦n-

epw HmÀ-¡p-¶p|v. ""Ip-«n-I-fn-epw

ap-XnÀ-¶-h-cn-epw D-Å im-co-cn-I-hpw

am-\-kn-I-hpw B-ßo-b-hp-am-b D-̄ -

a-Kp-W-§-fp-sS km-£m-Xv-Im-c-am-

Wv hn-Zym-`ym-kw F-¶ Km-Ôn-b³

Nn-´-bpw a-d-¡m-dm-bn-«n-Ã. kv-IqÄ

Xp-d-¸p Im-e-¯v Cu hn-Nm-c-§-sf

tI-c-fo-b/`m-c-Xo-b \-thm-°m-\-

¯n-sâ N-cn-{X-hp-am-bn tNÀ-¯p-

h-¨p th-Ww hn-e-bn-cp-t¯|-Xv.''

F-¶mÂ hn-Zym-`ym-k-sa-¶-Xv

k-¼-¯n-sâ {I-b-hn-{I-b ti-jn-

¡-\p-k-cn-¨v A-f-¶p-hm-§p-¶ D-ev-

]-¶-am-bn am-dp-¶ H-cp Im-e-̄ m-Wv

\mw ]p-e-cp-¶-Xv. F-©n-\o-b-dnw-Kv/

sa-Un-kn³ Un-{Kn t\-Sm-\p-Å k-aq-

l-b-Ú-am-bn hn-Zym-`ym-k-s¯

G-ä-hpw am-\-hn-I-am-b ]-cn-I-ev-]-\

am-dp-¶ Zp-c-´-Im-e-¯m-Wv \-½p-sS

Ip-ªp-§Ä ho|pw ]-Ån-¡q-S-

§-fn-te-¡v t]m-Ip-¶-Xv. am-\-hn-I

hn-j-b-§-fpw `m-jm-km-ln-Xy-§-

fpw ]Tn-¡p-I-bpw ]Tn-¸n-¡p-I-bpw

sN-¿p-¶-Xv A-t¼ A-]-cm-[-am-sb-

®p-¶ "sS-¡n-am-\n-b' ]-SÀ-¶p ]n-Sn-

¡p-¶ k-aq-l-¯n-\v Nn-e Xn-cn-¨-dn-

hp-IÄ-¡pw Xn-cn-̈ p-t]m-¡p-IÄ-¡pw

Im-e-am-bn-cn¡p¶p.

kmÀ-h-{Xn-I-hpw ku-P-\y-hp-

am-b hn-Zym-`ym-k-¯n-\v am-Xr-I-

bm-b tI-c-fw C-¶v ]m-Ým-Xy-tem-

I-̄ n-\pw Ip-̄ -I I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡pw

s{]m-^-j-W-ep-I-sf hn-cn-bn-¨p

\Â-Ip-¶ C³-Ip-t_-ä-dm-Wv. sXm-

gnÂ am-{X-hm-Z-hpw H-ä-hm-¡n-ep-̄ -cw

A-P-b³ ]-\-b-d

kmÀ-h-{Xn-I-hpw ku-P-\y-hp-am-b hn-Zym-`ym-k-¯n-\v am-Xr-I-bm-b tI-c-fw C-¶v ]m-Ým-Xy-tem-I-¯n-\pw Ip-¯-I I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡pw s{]m-^-j-W-ep-I-sf hn-cn-bn-¨p \Â-Ip-¶ C³-Ip-t_-ä-dm-Wv. sXm-gnÂ am-{X-hm-Z-hpw H-ä-hm-¡n-ep-̄ -cw ]-d-ªv C³-Ìâv k-½m-\-§Ä t\-S-ep-am-bn Ip-«n-IÄ ]p-tcm-K-an-¡p-t¼mÄ \-½p-sS ¢m-kv ap-dn-IÄ F-´m-Wv hn-\n-a-bw sN-¿p-¶-Xv?

]



]-d-ªv C³-Ìâ v k-½m-\-§Ä

t\-S-ep-am-bn Ip-«n-IÄ ]p-tcm-K-an-

¡p-t¼mÄ \-½p-sS ¢m-kv ap-dn-IÄ

F-´m-Wv hn-\n-a-bw sN-¿p-¶-Xv?

A-[ym-]n-I ]Tn-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ sam-

ss_Â t^m-Wn-sâ tam-Wn-ä-dnÂ

sX-fn-bp-¶ A-Ço-e Nn-{X-§Ä I|-

`y-kn-¡p-¶ ]-¯p-h-b-kp-Im-c-\pw

]-Xn-\-©p h-b-kp-Im-c-\pw h-fÀ-

¶p h-cp-¶ km-t¦-Xn-I hn-Z-Kv-[À

X-s¶-bm-Wv. ]-t£ G-Xp X-cw

Xr-jv-W-I-fm-Wv, B-k-àn-I-fm-Wv,

A-dn-hp-I-fm-Wv Cu Ip-«n-I-fnÂ

h-f-cp-¶-Xv/ h-fÀ-¯p-¶-Xv? hÀ-Wm-

`-am-b Po-hn-X-¡m-gv-N-I-fn-te-¡pw,

A-Xn-eq-sS sIm-Sn-b ]o-U-\-§-fn-

te-¡pw, ] n-s¶ B-ß-l-Xy-bn-te-

¡pw £-Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶ s]¬-Ip-«n-

IÄ ]Tn-¨n-«pw ]Tn-¡m-sX t] m-Ip-

¶-sX-s´m-s¡-bm-Wv?

aq-Sn-Ãm-¯m-fn t]m-se Po-hn-

X-¯n-sâ \n-ew-sXm-Sm-¯ ]p-Xn-b

hn-Zym-`ym-kw A-©-¡/B-d-¡

i-¼-fw hm-t§| s{]m-^-j-W-ep-

I-sf kr-jv-Sn-¡m³ k-Zm Pm-K-cq-

I-am-Wv. {]m-tbm-Kn-I/km-t¦-Xn-I

hn-Zym-`ym-k-¯nÂ \mw ap-t¶-dp-I

X-s¶-bm-Wv. F-¶mÂ \n-g-ep-IÄ-

¡pw \n-d-§Ä-¡pw ]n-¶m-se ]-c-

¡w ] m-bp-t¼mÄ Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ

D-¸pw ]-¨-¸pw \-½p-sS Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v

\n-tj-[n-¡p-¶-sX-´n-\m-Wv?

Im-ew am-dp-¶-Xn-s\m-¸w hn-

Zym-`ym-k-co-Xn-I-fpw am-dp-¶p-sh-¶v

]-d-ªv H-gn-I-gn-hp-I-fn-te-dn \-ap-¡v

]-d-¶p c-£-s¸-Smw. \-thm-°m-\

Nn-´-I-fpw kzm-X-{´y-k-a-c-hpw am-

\-hn-I-X-bpw I-gn-ª Z-i-I-§-fnÂ

]-Ån-¡q-S-§-fn-epw I-em-e-b-§-fn-

epw D-bÀ-¶p-h-¶p I-¯p-¶ Nn-´-

I-fpw ]p-Xn-b Im-e-§-sf {]-hm-Nn-I

I-®p-I-tfm-sS D-]-ZÀ-in-̈ I-em-e-b

kw-hm-Z a-Wv-U-e-§-fpw H-s¡

C-s¶-hn-sS? \mw h-f-sc ]m-Sp-s]-«v

\-½p-sS Ip-«n-I-sf io-Xo-I-cn-¨ ap-

dn-I-fn-e-S-¨v I-cn-b-dn-Ìp-I-fm¡m³

am-{X-w ]Tn-̧ n-̈ p Xp-S-§n. tNm-Zy-§-

fp-¶-bn-¡p-I-bpw kw-i-bn-¡p-I-bpw

sN-¿p-¶ \-Nn-tI-X-·mÀ (I-tTm-]-\n-

j-̄ v) A-[ym-]-I [À-a-tZ-h-·mÀ-¡v

X-e-th-\ kr-jv-Sn-̈ p Xp-S-§n. hn-Zym-

e-b-§Ä "amÀ-¡p-ev-] m-Z-I b-{ -́§-

sf kr-jv-Sn-¡p-¶ ̂ m-Iv-S-dn-I-fm-bn.

th-K-s¯ hÀ-[n-X-th-Kw sIm|v

Io-g-S-¡-W-sa-¶ th-K-bp-K-kn-²m-

´w \-¶p X-s¶. F-¶mÂ Cu

th-K-¯n-\n-S-¡v kz-´w \m-Sn-sâ-

bpw ]m-c-¼-cy-¯n-sâ-bpw \-·-IÄ

a-d-¶m-tem? \mw a-\p-jy-cm-sW-¶v

a-d-¶m-tem? "ln-c-Wy-ta-hw `-tP'

(ln-c-Wyw þ kzÀ-Ww) F-¶p am-{Xw

{]mÀ-°n-¨m-tem?

C-\n-bn-t¸mÄ hn-Zym-`ym-k

I-¨-h-S-¯n-sâ hm-bv -¯m-cn-IÄ

tI-«p Xp-S-§pw. e-£-§-fp-sS hn-e

t]-iÂ \-S-¡pw. A-\p-£-Ww am-dn-

a-dn-bp-¶ hn-Zym-`ym-k ]-²-Xn-I-fpw

]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw; ]-Wv-Un-X a-¨p-\-

·m-cp-sS c-N-\-IÄ D-±n-jv-S-Im-cy-

¯n-\v D-]-Im-c-kv-a-c-W-sb-t¶m-Ww

Ip-¯n-\n-d-bv-¡p-¶ ]mT-]p-kv-X-I-

§Ä, ]Tn-¸n-¡-sem-gn-sI kq-cy-

\p Xm-sg-bp-Å-sX-Ãmw X-§-fp-sS

A-h-Im-i-am-sW-¶p hm-Zn-¡p-¶

A-[ym-]-I cm-jv-{So-b-¡mÀ; cm-jv-

{So-b ] mÀ-«n-IÄ-¡p th| A-Wn-

I-fp-sS dn-{Iq-«nw-Kv skâ-dp-I-fm-bn

{]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ I-em-im-e-IÄ þ

sIm-«n-tLm-jn-¡-s¸-« tI-c-f tam-

UÂ hn-Zym-`ym-kw C-¶v C-¯-cw

Nn-e hn-I-eo-I-c-W-§Ä-¡v Io-gv-s¸-

«p-sIm|n-cn-¡p-¶p. \-½p-sS ¢m-kp-

ap-dn-IÄ tÌm-f³ P-\-td-j-\p-I-sf

(Stolen generation) kr-jv-Sn-¡p-¶p-

sh-¶v ]-d-ª kn-hn-Iv N-{µ-s\

HmÀ-̄ p-t]m-Ip-¶p. (am-Xr-̀ q-an B-gv-

N-¸-Xn-¸v 2006 H-Iv-tSm-_À 15).

Cu kv-IqÄ Xp-d-¸p th-f-bnÂ

a-\p-jy-cm-bn ]p-e-cm³ t]m-¶ am-

\-hn-I hn-Zym-̀ ym-k-̄ n-sâ hn-e-bpw

Cu kv-IqÄ Xp-d-¸p th-f-bnÂ a-\p-jy-cm-bn ]p-e-cm³ t]m-¶ am-\-hn-I hn-Zym-`ym-k-¯n-sâ hn-e-bpw \n-e-bpw \mw Xn-cn-¨-dn-b-Ww. tUm-Iv-S-dpw F-©n-\o-b-dpw a-\p-jy-Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ A-h-km-\ hm-t¡m km-[y-X-tbm A-Ã. A-[ym-]-I-\pw s]m-Xp {]-hÀ-̄ -I-\pw h-¡o-epw I-hn-bpw I-em-Im-c-\p-sam-s¡-bm-Im³ Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v h-gn-IÄ Xp-d-¶n-Sp-¶ hn-Zym-`ym-k-am-Wv am-\-hn-I hn-Zym-`ym-kw. F-Ãm h-gn-I-fpw C-Sp-§n-bn-Sp-§n H-ä-h-gn-bm-bn am-dp-¶-Xv Po-hn-X \n-tj-[-̄ n-sâ-bpw B-ß-\m-i-¯n-sâ-bpw kq-N-I-am-Wv.



\n-e-bpw \mw Xn-cn-¨-dn-b-Ww. tUm-

Iv-S-dpw F-©n-\o-b-dpw a-\p-jy-Po-

hn-X-¯n-sâ A-h-km-\ hm-t¡m

km-[y-X-tbm A-Ã. A-[ym-]-I-\pw

s]m-Xp {]-hÀ-¯-I-\pw h-¡o-epw

I-hn-bpw I-em-Im-c-\p-sam-s¡-bm-

Im³ Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v h-gn-IÄ Xp-d-¶n-

Sp-¶ hn-Zym-`ym-k-am-Wv am-\-hn-I

hn-Zym-`ym-kw. F-Ãm h-gn-I-fpw C-Sp-

§n-bn-Sp-§n H-ä-h-gn-bm-bn am-dp-¶-Xv

Po-hn-X \n-tj-[-¯n-sâ-bpw B-ß-

\m-i-¯n-sâ-bpw kq-N-I-am-Wv. tI-

c-f-¯n-se FÃm h-gn-I-fpw F³-

{S³-kv tIm-¨nw-Kv skâ-dp-I-fnÂ

F-¯n-t¨-cp-¶, F-Ãm a-\p-jy-cpw

A-hn-tS-s¡-¯m³ Xn-Sp-¡-s¸-Sp-¶

Cu kv-IqÄ Xp-d-¸p Im-e-§Ä

A-]-am-\-ho-I-c-W-¯n-sâ-Xm-Wv.

BÂ-_À-«v sF³-Ìo-\pw sF-k-Iv

\yq-«-\p-sam-¸w a-lm-ßm-Km-Ôn-bpw

a-ZÀ-sX-tc-k-bpw c-ho-{µ-\m-Y Sm-

tKm-dp-sam-s¡-bm-Wv Po-hn-X-s¯

Iq-Sp-XÂ Po-h-kp-ä-Xm-¡n-b-sX-¶

t_m-[w \-ap-¡p|m-h-Ww.

`m-jm-km-ln-Xy-§-fpw am-\-

hn-I hn-j-b-§-fpw ]Tn-¡m³ hn-ap-

J-X Im-Wn-¡p-¶ P-\-X A-]-I-S-I-

c-am-b kv-ar-Xn \m-i-̄ n-te-¡pw kz-

Xz-\-jv-S-̄ n-te-¡pw sa-sÃ \-S-¶-Sp-

¡pw. N-cn-{X-hpw ]u-c-t_m-[-hp-an-

Ãm-sX \m-sf-bp-sS ] u-c-·mÀ sh-

dpw ]-W-s¡m-Xn-b-·mÀ am-{X-am-Ipw.

F-©n-\o-b-dnw-Kpw sa-Un-kn-\ pw

am-{Xw Po-hn-X kz-] v-\-am-¡n-b-hÀ-

¡p ap-¶nÂ cm-jv-{Sw/kw-kv-Im-cw

F-¶-Xv A-{]-k-à-am-bn Xp-S-§pw.

{]m-Y-an-I tem-I-hn-h-c-§Ä t]m-ep-

an-Ãm-¯ tUm-Iv-SÀ-am-sc A-`n-ap-Jw

\-S-t¯|n h-¶ ]-»n-kv kÀ-ho-kv

I-½o-j³ t\-cn-tS|n-h-¶-Xv ̀ -bm-\-

I-am-b hn-Zym-`ym-k/kmw-kv-Im-cn-I

Zp-c-´-am-Wv.

tI-c-f-¯nÂ kn-hnÂ kÀ-ho-

kv DÄ-s¸-sS hn-hn-[ Po-hn-X ta-

J-e-I-fn-te-¡v \-½p-sS Ip-«n-I-sf

F-¯n-¡m³ D-X-Ip-¶ X-c-¯nÂ

hn-Zym-`ym-kw kz-X-{´-hpw Xp-d-kp-

IÄ B-h-iy-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-am-I-Ww.

Ip-ªn-sâ ti-jn-I-fpw C-jv-S-§-

fpw Xn-cn-¨-dn-bp-¶ hn-Zym-`ym-k

]-²-Xn-¡p am-{X-ta Im-e-t¯m-Sp

\o-Xn ]p-eÀ-¯m³ I-gn-bq. Úm-\

hn-Úm-\-§-fp-sS \m-\m-Xz-am-Wv,

sX-c-sª-Sp-¸n-\p-Å \n-cp-]m-[n-I

kzm-X-{´y-am-Wv P-\m-[n-]-Xy hn-

Zym-`ym-k-¯n-sâ Im-XÂ. I-hn-X

]Tn-¡m³, Nn-{Xw h-c-bv-¡m³, cm-

jv-{So-bw ]Tn-¡m³, ]-{X-{]-hÀ-¯-

I-\m-Im³ þ A-§-s\ am-\-hn-I

hn-j-b-§Ä-¡v am-\y-X e-`n-¡p-

t¼m-gm-Wv hy-àn-Xz cq-] o-I-c-W-

¯n-sâ-bpw \-thm-°m-\-̄ n-tâ-bpw

h-gn-I-fn-te-¡v hn-Zym-`ym-k k-{¼-

Zm-bw F-¯n-t¨-cp-¶-Xv. Úm-\-

\nÀ -an -Xn/km -aq -ln -I Úm-\

\nÀ-an-Xn Xp-S-§n-b A-¡m-Z-an-I-am-b

km-t¦-Xn-I-]-Zm-h-en-IÄ A-hn-sS

\nÂ-¡-s«, am-\p-jn-I-am-b F-Ãm-

-̄cw km-[y-X-I-fn-te-¡pw Ip-«n-sb

£-Wn-¡m-\p-X-Ip-¶ ssh-hn-[y-am-

Wv hn-Zym-`ym-k-¯n-sâ ku-µ-cyw

F-Ãm-h-sc-bpw tUm-Iv-S-dpw F-©n-

\o-b-dp-am-¡p-I-sb-¶-Xv B-«n-s -̄fn-

¡-em-Wv. Po-hn-Xw X-s¶ ]-W-ap-ep-

¡p-¶ a-c-am-sW-¶ hn-Nm-c-¯n-te-

¡p-Å B-«n-s¯-fn-¡Â.

ssh-tem-¸n-Ån-bp-sS "I-®oÀ-

¸m-Sw' F-¶ I-hn-X-bnÂ sh-Å-¡p-

¯nÂ s]-«p-t]m-Ip-¶ `À-̄ m-hn-s\

I|n-«pw, \n-klm-b-bm-bn \nÂ-

¡p-¶ A-bm-fp-sS ̀ m-cy-sb I|n-«pw-þ

""F-Ãmw I|-Xm sX-t¡-¯p-

cp-¯n-sem-cp sIm-¨³-þ

I-Ãp-t]m-en-cn-¡p-¶p.....

F-{X \nÀ-hn-Im-c-an-¸p-Xp-Xmw

X-e-ap-d'' F-s¶m-cp k-µÀ-`-ap|v.

] p-dw Im-gv-N-I-tf-bpw A-dn-hp-I-

tfm-Spw Po-hn-X-t¯m-Sp X-s¶-bpw

\n-kw-K-X ]p-eÀ-¯p-I-bpw, X-sâ

Nq| sIm-fp-¯nÂ Ip-cp-§p-¶

C-c-sb am-{Xw [ym-\n-¡p-I-bpw Im-

Wp-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶ Ip-«n-IÄ h-en-

sbm-c-]-I-S-¯n-te-¡v ]-Xn-sb-¸-Xn-

sb \-s½ sIm|p t]m-Ip-I-bm-Wv

k-aq-l-hpw am-Xm-]n-Xm-¡-fpw. Cu-

sbm-c-h-Ø-sb `-b-¡-Ww. A-sÃ-

¦nÂ a-\p-jy-cn-Ãm-¯ a-\p-jyÀ

] mÀ-¡m-¯ tem-I-§fmIpw \-s½

Im-¯n-cn-¡p-I.

teJ-I³ Kh: hn-a³-kv tIm-tf-Pn-se a-e-bm-fw hn-`m-Kw

Akn. s{]m-^-k-dmWv

BÂ-_À-«v sF³-Ìo-\pw sF-k-Iv \yq-«-\p-sam-̧ w a-lm-ßm-Km-Ôn-bpw a-ZÀ-sX-tc-k-bpw c-ho-{µ-\m-Y Sm-tKm-dp-sam-s¡-bm-Wv Po-hn-X-s¯ Iq-Sp-XÂ Po-h-kp-ä-Xm-¡n-b-sX-¶ t_m-[w \-ap-¡p≠m-h-Ww.

u



1. B-ap-Jw

s]m-Xp-P-\ B-h-iy-§-tfm-Sv

{In-bm-ß-I-am-bn {]-Xn-I-cn-¡m-\pw

\q-X-\ km-t¦-Xn-I-hn-Zy D-]-tbm-Kn-

¡m-\pw ]-©m-b-¯n-s\ H-cp-¡p-I

F-¶-Xv Im-e-L-«-¯n-sâ B-h-iy-

am-Wv. B-b-Xn-te-¡p-Å {]-bm-W-

¯nÂ Kp-W-ta-· D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯p-¶-

Xn-\p-Å {]m-Y-an-I kw-hn-[m-\-am-Wv

5`S'. A-Sp-¡pw Nn-«-bp-an-Ãm-sX-bpw

A-\m-h-iy h-kv-Xp-¡-fp-sS A-[n-I

ti-J-c-¯m-epw D-Å ]-©m-b-¯n-

sâ A-´-co-£w Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS

{]-hÀ-¯-\-£-a-X-sb Ip-d-bv-¡m-

dp|v. A-Xp-sIm|p-X-s¶ \mw

ap-Jw I-gp-Ip-¶-Xp-t]m-se-tbm,

]-Ãp-tX-bv -¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-tbm

X-s¶ A-Sn-Øm-\-]-c-am-b B-h-iy-

am-Wv ]-©m-b-̄ n-\v 5`S'. C-Xn-eq-sS

Ø-ew, k-a-bw, DuÀ-Öw, ]-Ww

Xp-S-§n-b hn-`-h-§-fp-sS \-jv-S-hpw

\yq-\-X-bpw H-gn-hm-¡m-\pw sN-e-hp-

Ip-d-bv-¡p-hm-\pw I-gn-bpw.

2. F-´m-Wv 5`S'?Nn-«-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b Kr-l-]-cn-N-

c-W {I-ao-I-c-W-s¯ AÀ-°-] qÀ-®-

am-¡p-¶ A-©v P-¸m³ ]-Z-§-fp-sS

B-Zym-£-c-§-sf-bm-Wv 5`S' {]-Xn-

\n-[m-\w sN-¿p-¶-Xv. A-Xm-b-Xv

ko-dn (Sort), ko-ä¬ (Set in Order), ko-tkm (Shine), ko-s¡-äv -kp

(Standardise), jn-Iv-kp-sI (Sustain) F-¶n-h-bm-Wv B ]-Z-§-fpw A-h-

bp-sS AÀ-°w h-cp-¶ Bw-K-te-b

]-Z-§-fpw.

2.1. X-cw Xn-cn-¡Â (Sort)""F-´v, G-X-f-hnÂ, F-hn-sS,

F-t¸mÄ, F-§-s\'' B-h-iy-ap|v

F-¶-X-\p-k-cn-̈ p-Å X-cw-Xn-cn-¡Â

Hm-^o-kv {]-hÀ-¯-\w Iq-Sp-XÂ

kp-K-a-am-Ipw. hÀ-¯-am-\ {]-hÀ-

¯-\-¯n-\v B-h-iy-an-Ãm-¯ h-kv-

Xp-¡-sf tPm-en-Ø-e-̄ p-\n-¶v H-gn-

hm-¡p-I. A-Xp-h-gn Ø-ew, k-a-bw,

]-Ww, DuÀ-Öw Xp-S-§o hn-e-s¸-«

hn-̀ -h-§Ä ̂ -e-{]-Z-am-bn hn-\n-tbm-

Kn-¡m³ km-[n-¡pw.

h-kv-Xp-¡-fp-sS X-cw Xn-cn-¡Â

F-t¸m-gpw B-h-

iy-ap-Å-h

H-«pw-X-s¶

B-h-iy-an-Ãm-

¯-h

Nn-e-t¸mÄ am-

{Xw B-h-iy-ap-

Å-h

B-h-iy-an-Ã,

]-t£ th|n-

h-t¶-¡mw

hn-c-f-am-bn

B-h-iy-ap-Å-h

B-kq-{Xn-X-am-

bn I-f-tb|

h-kv-Xp-¡Ä

X-cw-Xn-cn-hv \-S-¸n-em-¡p-I-h-gn

tPm-en-Ø-ew Xn-§n-\n-d-ªv

]-Wn-sb-Sp-¡m³ _p-²n-ap-«p|m-

Ip-¶ A-h-Ø am-dpw.

tc-J-I-fpw {]-am-W-§-fpw, km-[-

\-§-fpw A-t\z-jn-¨v k-a-b-\-jv-

Sw H-gn-hm-¡mw.

A-[n-I-ti-J-c-hpw A-\m-h-iy

^-b-ep-I-fpw {]-hÀ-¯-\-£-a-X

Ip-d-bv-¡p-¶ A-h-Ø H-gn-hm-Ipw.

tUm. sP.-_n. cm-P≥A-kn-Ã‚v s{]m-^-k¿, In-e

&_n-Pp. F-kv.-sI.A-kn-Ã‚v s{]m-^-k¿,

K-h. tIm-tf-Pv, Im-™n-cw-Ip-fw

te-J-\ ]-c-º-c ˛ Bdv

tSm-«Â Izm-fn-än am-t\-Pv-saâ n-eq-sS sF.-F-kv.-H. 9001 : 2008

5‘S’ : tSm«Â Izmfnän amt\-Pvsaâ n-\-pÅ ImÂhbv]v



� A-\m-h-iy h-kv-Xp-¡Ä h-bv-

¡p-¶ sjÂ-^p-IÄ A-e-am-c-

IÄ F-¶n-h a-\p-jy-kw-kÀ-Kw

A-km-²y-am -¡p -¶ A-h-Ø

am-dpw.

2.2. {I-ao-I-c-Ww (Set in Order)

F-fp-¸-¯n-epw th-K-¯n-epw

F-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-

¶-Xn-\p-am-b A-h-iy-h-kv-Xp-¡-

fpw ^-b-ep-I-fpw {I-a-s¸-Sp-¯n-

h-bv-¡p-I. G-Xp h-kv-Xp-hn-\pw

A-Xn-tâ-Xm-b Øm-\-hpw F-Ãm

h-kv-Xp-¡-fpw A-Xn-sâ Øm-\-̄ pw-

F-¶-Xm-Wv {I-ao-I-c-W-¯n-sâ

A-Sn-Øm-\-X-Xzw. A-t\z-j-Ww

aq-e-hpw, D-]-tbm-Kw aq-e-hpw Xn-cn-

¨p-sIm-Sp-¡m-¯-Xp-aq-e-hp-ap-Å Ip-

d-ª k-a-b-\-jv-Sw \n-b-{ń-¡m³

I-gn-bpw.

\n-c-´-cw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶

^-b-ep-I-fpw km-[-\-§-fpw F-fp-¸-

¯nÂ F-Sp-¡m-hp-¶-hn-[w k-ao-]-

¯p-X-s¶ h-bv-¡p-I, A-Ãm-¯-h

am-än-h-bv-¡p-I. D-]-tbm-K-{I-aw

A-\p-k-cn-¨p-h-bv-¡p-I. C-Xn-eq-sS

A-\m-h-iy N-e-\-§Ä (Movement) H-gn-hm-¡p-hm-\pw Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS

tPm-en-`m-cw Ip-d-bv-¡p-hm-\pw th-

K-¯nÂ tk-h-\-{]-Zm-\w sN-¿p-hm-

\ pw km-[y-am-Ipw.

2.3. Xn-f-¡w (Shine)

G-ä-hpw an-I-̈ ip-Nn-Xzw F-Ãm

`m-K-¯pw F-¶-Xm-Wv C-Xn-eq-sS

D-t±-in-¡p-¶-Xv. hr-¯n-bm-Im-¯

H-cp `m-Kw-t]m-epw Hm-ô-knÂ

D|m-I-cp-Xv. B-cpw {i-²n-¡m-¯

Ø-e-§Ä-t]m-epw hr-¯n-bm-¡-

Ww. Im-gv-N-bn-se Iu-Xp-Iw am-{X-

a-Ã, D-]-tbm-K-¯n-sâ ̂ -e-{]m-]v-Xn

Iq-Sn a-\-ÊnÂ I|p-th-Ww Hm-ô-

kv `w-Kn-bm-¡m³.

\-S-¸m-¡Â co-Xn

� tPm-en-Ø-ew ip-Nn-bm-t¡|-

Xv A-hn-S-s¯ Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS

F-Ãm-h-cp-tS-bpw D-¯-c-hm-Zn-

Xz-am-Wv. Ø-ew Xn-cn-¨v Hm-

tcm-cp-¯À-¡pw D-¯-c-hm-Zn-Xzw

\Â-Ip-I.

� X-d-bn-se hn-Å-ep-I-fn-epw, Np-a-

cn-sâ aq-e-bn-epw, Xq-Wp-I-fp-sS

Np-än-epw \n-¶pw A-gp-¡p-IÄ

]qÀ-®-am-bpw \o-¡n-sb-¶v D-d-

¸m-¡p-I.

� Np-h-cp-IÄ, P-\-ep-IÄ, I-X-Ip-

IÄ F-¶n-h-bnÂ \n-¶pw A-gp-

¡p-IÄ ]qÀ-®-am-bpw \o-¡n-sb-

¶v D-d-¸m-¡p-I.

� F-Ãm-bn-S-¯v \n-¶pw A-gp-¡pw

s]m-Sn -bpw Nn -e -ń -h -e-bpw

A-\ m-h-iy h-kv-Xp-¡-fpw ]qÀ-®-

am-bpw \o-¡n-sb-¶v D-d-̧ m-¡p-I.

2.4. \n-e-hm-c \nÀ-®-bw (Stan-dardise)

B-Zy-s¯ 3 F-kp-I-fpw \-S-̧ m-

¡p-I-h-gn e-`y-am-Ip-¶ A-h-Ø-bv-

¡v Øn-c-X D|m-¡m-\m-h-iy-am-b

co-Xn-IÄ-¡pw k-{¼-Zm-b-§Ä-¡pw

\n-e-hm-cw \nÀ-®-bn-¡p-I-bm-Wv

Cu L-«-¯nÂ sN-t¿|-Xv. ]-g-b

A-h-Ø-bn-te-bv-¡v Xn-cn-¨p-t] m-Im-

sX B-Zy-s¯ 3 F-kn-sâ-bpw k-a-

\z-bw D-d-¸m-¡pw.

\-S-¸n-em-¡Â co-Xn

� B-Zy aq-¶v F-kpw kw-_-Ôn-̈ v

G-sXm-s¡ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fp-sS

D-¯-c-hm-Zn-Xzw BÀ-s¡m-s¡

F-¶p Xo-cp-am-\n-¡-Ww

� ho-gv -N-IÄ kw-`-hn-¡m-Xn-cn -

¡m³ aq-¶v F-kv D-̄ -c-hm-Zn-Xz-

§-sf km-[m-c-W tPm-en-I-fp-sS

k-a-{K `m-K-am-¡-Ww

� 3 F-kv A-h-Ø `w-Kn-bm-bn

] m-en-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-t| m F-¶p

]-cn-tim-[n-¡-Ww

� F-Ãm Zn-h-k-hpw 5 an-\n-äv 5`S' \-S-¸n-em-¡m-\m-bn F-Ãm-h-cpw

hn-\n-tbm-Kn-¡-Ww

2.5. Øn-c-X (Sustain)Po-h-\-¡m-cnÂ A-¨-S-¡-¯n-

sâ-bpw kz-`m-h-¯n-sâ-bpw `m-K-am-

bn 5`S' am-dp-I F-¶-Xm-Wv C-hn-

sS e-£y-an-Sp-¶-Xv. Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-b

amÀ-K-\nÀ-t±-i-§-fn-eq-sS-bpw, \n-c-

-́c-t_m-[-h-Xv-I-c-W-̄ n-eq-sS-bpw,

\n-c-´-c ]-cn-io-e-\-¯n-eq-sS-bpw

Cu A-`n-e-j-Wo-b-am-b A-h-Ø

t\-Sn-sb-Sp-¡mw.

3. 5"S' A-©p L-«-§-em-bn \-S-¸n-

em-¡-Ww

H-¶mw L-«w : Hm-ô-kn-\pÄ-h-iw,

Np-äpw, \n-c-¸m-b {]-X-e-§Ä

F-¶n-h ]qÀ-®-am-bpw hr-¯n-

bm-¡Â

c|mw L-«w : Np-h-cv, Xq-Wp-IÄ,

ko-enw-Kv F-¶n-h hr-̄ n-bm-¡Â


Xp-I cq-]-bnÂ

IhÀ (A-h-km-\-]pdw) IfÀ : 12000/-

IhÀ (DÄhiw) IfÀ : 10000/-

I-hÀ (DÄ-hiw) »m-¡v & ssh-äv : 8000/-

a-äp t]-PpIÄ (IfÀ) : 8000/-

a-äp t]-PpIÄ (»m-¡v & ssh-äv) : 6000/-

A-c t]Pv (IfÀ) : 5000/-

A-c t]-Pv (»m-¡v & sshäv) : 3000/-

]cky \nc¡v


aq-¶mw L-«w : dm-¡v, s]-«n-IÄ,

A-e-am-cn-IÄ, ta-i F-¶n-h-bp-

sS DÄ-hiw, s]m-Xp A-h-iy-

-h-kv-Xp-¡Ä hr-¯n-bm-¡Â,

`w-Kn-bm-bn A-Sp-¡n-h-bv-¡Â

\m-emw L-«w : F-Ãm h-kv-Xp-¡-

fpw hr-¯n-bm-¡n, te-_Â

sN-bv-Xpw amÀ-¡v sN-bv-Xpw

h-bv-¡p-I

A-©mw L-«w : taÂ {]-Xn-]m-Zn-̈

{In-b-IÄ Ir-Xy-am-bn \nÀ-Æ-ln-

¨p F-¶p D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯p-I

4. 5"S' ^-e-{]-Z-am-bn \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-

Xn-\v {i-²n-t¡| Im-cy-§Ä

� F-Ãm-h-cp-sS-bpw ]-¦m-fn-¯-hpw

k-l-I-c-W-hpw

� `-c-W-k-an-Xn-bp-sS {]-Xn-_-²-X

� sk-{I-«-dn C-Xv \-S-¸m-¡p-¶-Xn-

sâ t\-Xr-Xzw t\-cn-«v G-sä-Sp-

¡-Ww

� ]-cn-]m-Sn kz-b-am-bpw Xp-SÀ-̈ -bm-

bpw \n-e-\nÂ-¡-Ww

5. Np-a-X-e-IÄ

5.1. `-c-W-k-an-Xn-bp-sS-bpw sk-{I-´-dn-bp-sS-bpw Np-a-X-e-Iƒ

� 5`S' s\ Ip-dn-¨pw \-S-¸n-em-¡Â

co-Xn-I-sf-bpw Ip-dn-¨v F-Ãm-hÀ-

¡pw ]-cn-io-e-\w \Â-IÂ

� 5`S' \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å

D-¯-c-hm-Zn-¯w ho-Xn-¨p-\Â-

IÂ

� 5`S' \-S-̧ m-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-h-iy-am-b

k-a-bw \Â-Ip-I-bpw, hn-̀ -h-§Ä

\Â-Ip-I-bpw IÀ-½-]-²-Xn X-¿m-

dm-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿Â

� Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS \nÀ-t±-i-§Ä

DÄ-s¡m-Åp-I, kr-jv-Sn-]-c-am-b

]-¦m-fn-¯w km-[y-am-¡p-I

� 5`S' \-S-̧ n-em-¡Â {]-b-Xv-\-§Ä-

¡v t{]m-Õm-l-\w \Â-Ip-I

5.2. Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS Np-a-X-e-IÄ

� Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-b A-dn-hp-t\-S-epw

k-l-{]-hÀ-¯-IÀ-¡v ]-IÀ-¶p-

\Â-I-epw

� 5`S' Im-cy-¯nÂ Pn-Úm-k

D|m-Ip-I, t{]m-Õm-l-\-P-\-I-

am-b ]n-´p-W \Â-Ip-I

� 5`S' sâ `m-K-am-bn Zn-h-k-hpw

\nÀ-Æ-ln-t¡| Im-cy-§Ä-¡v

ap³-ssI F-Sp-¡p-I, kz-´w

]-¦m-fn-¯w D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯p-I

� ta-ep-tZym-K-Ø-cnÂ \n-¶v B-h-

iy-am-b hn-`-h/k-lm-b-§Ä

tNm-Zn-¨v e-`y-am-¡p-I, k-lm-b-

I-c-hpw kr-jv-Sn-]-c-hp-am-b B-i-

b-§Ä \Â-Ip-I

6. D-]-kw-lm-cw

C-§-s\ 5`S' \-S-¸n-em-¡p-I-

h-gn ]-©m-b-¯v Po-h-\-¡m-cn-epw

H-¸w P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fn-epw ip-

Nn-Xz-t_m-[w D-S-se-Sp-¡p-I-bpw,

]-¦m-fn-̄ w-h-gn Iq-«m-bv-a-bpw, Im-cy-

ti-jn-bpw Im-cy-{]m-]v-Xn-bpw hÀ-²n-

¡p-I-bpw sN-¿pw. F-Ãm D-]-I-c-W-

§-fp-tS-bpw Ø-e-̄ n-sâ-bpw kp-K-

a-hpw ]-c-am-h-[n D-]-tbm-K-hpw D-d-

¸p-h-cp-̄ pw. tPm-en-sN-¿p-hm-\ p-Å

B-tcm-Ky-I-c-am-b A-´-co-£w

kr-jv-Sn-¡pw. tk-h-\-¯n-se \yq-

\-X-IÄ C-Ãm-Xm-Ipw. Im-e-hn-fw-_w

C-Ãm-Xm-Ipw, ]-cm-Xn-IÄ Ip-d-bpw.

sXm-gnÂ B-cm-[-\-bm-Wv, sXm-gnÂ

Ø-ew B-cm-[-\m-e-b-am-Wv. C-Xn-

eq-sS B-tcm-Ky-hpw, A-¨-S-¡-hpw,

Kp-W-ta-·-bpw D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯p-hm-\m-

bpw, tSm-«Â Izm-fn-än-bn-eq-sS ISO kÀ-«n-^n-t¡-j³ t\-Sp-¶-Xn-\p-Å

ImÂ-h-bv-¸m-bn 5`S' s\ am-äm-hp-¶-

Xm-Wv. C-h-bp-sS \n-c-´-c hn-e-bn-

cp-¯-en-\pw kp-K-a-am-b \-S-¯n-¸n-

\p-ap-Å Np-a-X-e Izm-fn-än kÀ-¡nÄ

G-sä-Sp-t¡|-Xm-Wv.

(A-Sp-¯ e-¡w þ Izm-fn-än kÀ-¡nÄ)

u



kw-tbm-Pn-X ]-²-Xn-¡m-bn

Pn-Ãm-]-©m-b-¯v hn-ln-

Xw {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯n-\v

e-̀ n-t¡|-Xp|m-bn-cp-¶p.

P-\-dÂ ]À-¸-kv ̂ |nÂ \n-¶m-bn-

cp-¶p Pn-Ãm-]-©m-b-¯v hn-ln-Xw

\Â-tI|n-bn-cp-¶-Xv. Cu Xp-I-bv-

¡p-Å sN-¡v Pn-Ãm-]-©m-b-¯v

F-gp-Xn-b-Xv amÀ-¨v 31\v B-bn-cp-¶p.

Xp-I Un-am³-Uv {Um-̂ v-äv B-bn {Km-

a-]-©m-b-¯nÂ e-`n-¨-Xv G-{] nÂ

10\v B-bn-cp-¶p. A-kn-Ìâ v F-©n-

\o-bÀ \nÀ-h-l-W D-tZym-K-Ø-\m-b

t{]m-P-Iv-Sv B-bn-cp-¶p A-Xv. {]-hr-

¯n sN-bv-Xv XoÀ-¯ ti-jw _nÂ

X-¿m-dm-¡n _nÂ ]-IÀ-¸v Pn-Ãm

]-©m-b-̄ nÂ F-̄ n-̈ mÂ am-{X-ta

sN-¡v F-gp-Xm-\m-hq F-¶m-bn-cp-

¶p Pn-Ãm-]-©m-b-¯v A-dn-bn-¨-Xv.

C-¡m-c-W-¯m-em-Wv Xp-I {Km-a-]-

©m-b-¯nÂ e-`n-¡m³ Im-e-Xm-a-

kw t\-cn-«-Xv. 2013þ14 se t{] m-P-Iv-Sv

B-bn-cp-¶p. t{]m-P-Iv-Sn-sâ {]-hr-

¯n ]qÀ-¯n-bm-hp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp;

]-s£ ]-Ww e-`n-¨-Xv 2014þ15Â

am-{X-hpw. Cu sN-e-hv 2013þ14Â

DÄ-s¡m-Ån-¡m-\m-hp-tam?

A-¡u|nw-Kn-se {]m-Y-

an-I-]mTw H-cn-¡-epw a-d-

¶p I-f-b-cp-Xv. 2013þ14Â

e-`n-t¡|n-bn-cp-¶ ]-Ww

2014þ15em-Wv e-`n-¨-sX-¦nÂ A-Xv

2014þ15se ]-Ww h-c-hv (sd-ko-]v-äv)

B-bn am-{X-ta I-W-¡p-sh-¡m³

I-gn-bq. A-Xp-t]m-se 2013þ14Â sIm-

Sp-t¡|n-bn-cp-¶ ]-Ww 2014þ15em-

W v sIm -S p -¯-sX -¦nÂ A-X v

2014þ15se ]-Ww sIm-Sp-¡Â (t]-

bv-saâ v) am-{X-ta B-hp-I-bp-Åp.

t¢m-¡n-sâ kq-Nn Xn-cn-¨p-sh-¡m³

I-gn-bpw. F-¶mÂ "Zn-h-k's¯

] n-d-tIm-«p X-Ån-\o-¡m³ I-gn-bp-

tam? \mw I-®-S-¨mÂ tem-I-am-sI

C-cp-«m-hp-I-bn-Ã. F-Ãmw kp-Xm-cy-

am-Ip-¶ Im-e-am-Wv. \mw sN-¿p-¶

Im-cy-§Ä tem-Iw Im-Wp-¶p|v.

A-¡u|nw-Kn -sâ A-Sn -Øm-\

X-Xzw X-s¶ Maximum disclosure, A-Y-hm h-kv-Xp-X-IÄ ]-c-am-h-[n

hy-à-am-¡Â F-¶-Xm-Wv. A-Xn-

\ mÂ 2014þ15Â ]-Ww sIm-Sp-¡p-

I-bpw A-Xv 2013þ14se I-W-¡nÂ

DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶-XnÂ

k-Xy-k-Ô-X-bp-t|m F-¶p-am-{Xw

B-tem-Nn-¨mÂ a-Xn.

C-¡m-cy-¯nÂ sX-äp-]-än-b-Xv Pn-

Ãm ]-©m-b-¯n-\m-Wv. kw-tbm-

Pn-X t{]m-P-Iv-Sp-IÄ-¡m-bn \o-¡n-

sh-̈ Xp-I, \nÀ-h-l-Ww \-S-̄ p-¶

]-©m-b-¯n-\v \Â-I-W-sa-¦nÂ

{]-hr-¯n ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡n _nÂ

]-IÀ-¸v e-`n-¨n-cn-¡-W-sa-¶v H-cp

kÀ-¡mÀ D-¯-c-hn-epw \nÀ-t±-in-¨n-

«n-Ã. C-Xn-\m-bn {S-j-dn-bnÂ k-aÀ-

¸n-t¡| _n-Ãn-t\m-sSm-̧ w k-aÀ-̧ n-

t¡|-Xv A-tem-«v-saâ v se-ä-À km-

Mv-j³, kw-tbm-Pn-X t{]m-P-Iv-Sn-\v

\Â-Im-\p-Å-Xm-Wv Cu Xp-I, F-¶

kÀ-«n-^n-¡-äv F-¶n-h am-{X-am-Wv.

12þ4þ2006se Pn-H(-]n)177/2006/^n³

þ-\-¼À kÀ-¡mÀ D-¯-c-hn -sâ

11-þ1-þmw J-Wv-Un-I-bnÂ \nÀ-t±-in-¨n-

cn-¡p-¶p. hn-I-k-\ ^|n-sâ-bpw

sa-bnâ-\³-kv ^|n-sâ-bpw Im-cy-

¯n-em-Wn-Xp \nÀ-t±-in-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-

Xv. P-\-dÂ ]À-¸-kv ^|nÂ \n-¶v

sN-¡v F-gp-Xn \Â-Im³ t{]m-P-Iv-

SnÂ Xp-I h-I-bn-cp-̄ n-bmÂ am-{Xw

a-Xn-sb-¶v taÂ-]-d-ª-XnÂ \n-¶v

hy-à-am-hp-a-tÃm.

C-\n, C-¡m-cy -¯nÂ C-t¸mÄ

F-´m-Wv sN-t¿|-sX-¶v ]-cn-tim-

[n-¡mw. {]-hr-¯n 2013þ14Â ] qÀ-

¯n-bm-¡n-sb-¦n-epw Pn-Ãm-]-©m-

b-¯v hn-ln-Xw e-`n-¡m-¯n-\ mÂ

2013þ14Â ]-Ww sIm-Sp-¡Â (t]-

bv-saâ v) \-S-¶n-«n-Ã. A-Xn-\mÂ

2013þ14se ¹m³ I-W-¡p {]-Im-cw

Cu Xp-I sN-e-hm-Im-sX _m-¡n

h-¶ Xp-I-bm-Wv. 2014þ15se ¹m-\ nÂ

Cu t{]m-P-Iv-Sv kv-]nÂ Hm-hÀ B-bn

DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯p-I. Pn-Ãm ]-©m-b-

¯nÂ \n-¶p e-`n-¨ Xo-b-Xn-bnÂ

c-ko-Xv tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«n-sÃ-¦nÂ

C-¶-s¯ Zn-h-kw c-ko-Xv tc-J-s¸-

Sp-¯n. kv-]nÂ Hm-hÀ t{] m-P-Iv-Sv

\-¼À F-Sp-¯v dn-Izn-kn-j³ tc-

J-s¸-Sp-¯n sN-¡v F-gp-Xn t]-bv-

saâ v tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯p-I. Cu Xp-I

2014þ15se sN-e-hm-bn-cn-¡p-sa-¶v

F-Sp-¯p ]-d-tb|-Xn-Ã-tÃm.

{^|v Hm-^o-knÂ C-cn-

¡p-¶ ]-eÀ-¡pw Hm-tcm

h-cp-am-\-̄ n-tâ-bpw sl-Uv

Hm-^v A-¡u|v G-Xm-

sW-¶v hy-à-am-b A-dn-

hn-sÃ-¶m-Wv A-\p-`-hw. C-Xn-sâ

-̂e-am-bn an-¡-hm-dpw C-\w h-cp-am-\-

§-sf-Ãmw A-YÀ sd-ko-]v-äv F-¶ sl-

UnÂ kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. A-YÀ sd-ko-

] v-äv F-¶ sl-UnÂ kw-i-b-ap-Å

Xp-I-I-sf-Ãmw kzo-I-cn-̈ ti-jw Nar-ration t\m-¡n sX-äp Xn-cp-̄ m-\p-Å

tP-WÂ F³-{Sn sN-bv-XmÂ t]m-tc?

sX-äp h-cp-¯n-b ti-jw

Xn -cp -¯Â h-cp -¯p -I

F-¶-Xv H-cp ]-Xn-hv {]-In-b-

]-©m-b-¯v A-¡u|vkw-i-b-§-fpw a-dp-]-Sn-I-fpw

D-Z-b-`m-\p I-t|-¯v



bm-¡p-¶-Xv B-tcm-Ky-I-c-a-Ã. C-Xn-

\p-]-I-cw F-Ãm h-cp-am-\-§-fpw i-cn-

bm-b sl-UnÂ kzo-I-cn-¡m³ Po-h-

\-¡m-sc {] m] vX-cm-¡p-¶-sX-§-s\

F-¶p ]-cn-tim-[n-¨p-Iq-tS?

kmw-Jy {]-hÀ-¯-\-am-cw-`n -¡p-

¶-Xn-\v \m-ev I-¼yq-«À th-W-sa-

¶v Xo-cp-am-\n-¨-t¸mÄ A-Xn-sem-

¶v Im-jn-bÀ-¡pw, c|m-a-t¯-Xv

A-¡u|ân-\pw, aq -¶m-a -t¯-

Xv sk-{I-«-dn-¡pw, \m-em-a-t¯-Xv

s]|m-Xp-hm-bn sh-¨v a-äv ¢mÀ-¡p-

amÀ-¡pw F-¶m-Wv \n-Ý-bn-¨n-cp-¶-

Xv. a-äp ¢mÀ-¡p-amÀ ]-e h-cp-am-\-

§-fp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p.

A-hÀ I-¼yq -« -dnÂ Un-am³-Uv

P-\-td-äv sN-bv-Xp sIm-Sp-¡p-I-bpw

A-Xn-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\-¯nÂ {^|v

Hm-^o-kv ¢mÀ-¡v c-ko-Xv tc-J-s¸-

Sp-¯p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-cp-s¶-¦nÂ

C-{X-bpw sX-äp-IÄ h-cn-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p.

C-{]-Im-cw, _-Ô-s¸-« sk-£³

¢mÀ-¡p-amÀ Un-am³-Uv P-\-td-äv sN-

¿p-I, {^|v Hm-̂ o-kn-se Im-jn-bÀ

c-ko-Xv tc-J-s -̧Sp-̄ p-I þ Cu co-Xn

\-S-¸m-¡m³ {i-an-¡p-I.

a-säm-cp am-ÀKw F-Ãm am-k-¯n-te-

bpw B-Zy-hm-cw, ]-©m-b-¯n-se

ap-gp-h³ Ìm-^pw tbm-Kw tNÀ-¶v

I-gn-ª am-k-s¯ ap-gp-h³ c-ko-

Xp-I-fpw ]-cn-tim-[n-¡p-I F-¶-

Xm-Wv. G-sXm-s¡ sl-Uv Hm-^v

A-¡u|p-I-fn-em-Wv sX-äp-]-än-b-Xv,

G-XmWv i-cn-bm-b sl-Uv F-¶

hn-h-cw Im-Wn-¡p-¶ tÌ-äv-saâ v

]-cn-tim-[-\ ^-e-am-bn X-¿m-dm-¡n

F-Ãm-hÀ-¡pw \Â-Ip-I. C-tX sX-

äv A-Sp-¯ am-kw B-hÀ-¯n-¡p-

¶p-t|m F-¶v ]-cn-tim-[n-¡p-I.

H-t¶m c-t|m am-kw C-¯-cw

]-cn-tim-[-\ \-S-¯n-bmÂ C-{]-Im-

c-ap-Å sX-äv H-gn-hm-¡m³ I-gn-bpw.

t»m-¡v X-e-¯nÂ, tem-

I-_m-¦v k-lm-b-t¯m-sS

sF-sI-Fw hn-\y-kn-¨n-

«p-Å A-¡u|â v-þ-Iw-þ

sF-Sn-F-Iv-kv-s]À-«p-am-cp-sS tk-h-

\w h-f-sc hn-e-s¸-«-Xm-sW-¶pw,

kmw-Jy A-¡u|nw-Kv ^-e-{]-Z-am-

Ip-¶-Xv A-h-cp-sS Iq-Sn tk-h-\-̄ n-

sâ ̂ -e-am-sW-¶p-am-Wv s]m-Xp-th

]-©m-b-¯p-I-fn-se A-`n-{]m-bw.

F-¶mÂ A-¡u|â v-þ-Iw-þ-sF-Sn

F-Iv-kv-]À-«p-am-cp-sS tk-h-\w A-h-

km-\n-¸n-s¨-¦nÂ am-{X-ta ]-©m-b-

v̄ A-¡u|âp-amÀ kz-́ w tPm-en

]Tn-¡q F-s¶m-c-`n-{]m-bw Nn-eÀ

{]-N-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p|v. C-Xv i-cn-bm-b

A-`n-{]m-b-am-tWm?

tem -I -_m -¦ v k-lm -b -

t¯m-sS sF-sI-Fw hn-\y-

kn-¨n-«p-Å A-¡u|â v

Iw sF-Sn F-Iv-kv-s]À-«p-

amÀ kmw-Jy \-S-¯n-¸n-\v \Â-In-b

tk-h-\w ]-c-am-h-[n Ir-X-Ú-X-

tbm-sS am-{X-ta kv-a-cn-¡m-\m-Iq.

2014þ15te-¡p Iq-Sn A-h-cp-sS tk-

h-\-¯n-\p-Å Xp-I tem-I _m-¦v

\Â-Ip-¶-Xm-Wv. am-{X-a-Ã, 2011þ12þÂ

\-S-̧ m-t¡|n-bn-cp-¶ {]-kv-Xp-X kv-

Iow \-S-¸m-b-Xv 2012þ13Â am-{X-am-

Wv. A-Xn-\mÂ 2015þ16epw kv-Iow

Xp-S-cm-\p-Å km-²y-X-bp|v.

2013þ14Â A-¡u|âp-amÀ Iq-«-

t¯m-sS A-kn-Ìâ v sk-{I-«-dn

A-Y-hm Pq-\n-bÀ kq-{]|v B-bn

{]-tam-j³ t\-Sn. ]p-Xp-Xm-bn h-¶

A-¡u|âp-amÀ A-¡u|nw-KnÂ

{]m-K-Ûyw t\-Sn h-cp-¶-tX-bp-Åq.

Cu k-a-b-¯v \nÀ-Wm-b-I k-lm-

bw \Â-Ip-¶ A-¡u|â v Iw-sF-

Sn F-Iv-kv-s]À-«p-am-cp-sS tk-h-\w

\ nÀ-̄ -em-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv ]-©m-b-̄ p-

IÄ-¡v Kp-W-I-cw F-¶ hm-Zn-¡p-¶-

hÀ ]-©m-b-¯n-sâ \-·-sb A-Ã

e-£y-am-¡p-¶-Xv.

Nn-e A-¡u|âp-amÀ kz-´w tPm-

en sN-¿m-sX "A-¡u|â v Iw

sF-Sn F-Iv-kv-s]À-«v h-c-s«; B Ip-

«n-sb sIm|v tPm-en sN-¿n-¡mw'

F-¶v Nn-´n-¡p-¶p|v. A-§-s\

{]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p-ap|m-Ipw. C-¯-

cw A-¡u|âp-am-tcm-Sv A-h-cp-sS

Nn-´m-K-Xn Xn-cp-¯-W-sa-¶pw kz-

´w tPm-en kz-bw sN-¿p-¶-Xm-Wv

B-ßm-`n-am-\-sa-¶pw ]-d-ªp a-\-

Ên-em-¡-Ww. A-Xm-Wv i-cn-bm-b

h-gn.

tIm-ta-gv-knÂ {Km-tPz-j-t\m t] m-

Ìv {Km-tPz-j-t\m, A-Xp Iq-Sm-sX

]n-Pn-Un-kn-F, C-Xn-\p ]p-d-ta

k-a-{K ]-cn-io-e-\w, Xp-SÀ-¶p-Å

in-ev-]-im-e-IÄ þ C-h-sb-Ãmw ]qÀ-

¯n-bm-¡n-b A-¡u|â v Iw sF-

Sn F-Iv-kv-s]À-«p-am-cp-sS tk-h-\w

kmw-Jy \-S-¸m-¡n Xp-S-§n-b-t¸mÄ

ap-XÂ e-`n-¨-Xv ]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ-¡v

h-en-sbm-c-\p-{K-l-am-Wv. Cu tk-h-

\w ]-c-am-h-[n D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯n,

A-h-cp-tS-bpw A-kn-Ìâ v sk-{I-«-dn

A-Y-hm Pq-\n-bÀ kq-{]|n-tâ-bpw

]-cn-tim-[-\ I-gn-ªp am-{X-ta

hmÀ-jn-I [-\-Im-cy tÌ-äv-saâ v Hm-

Un-än-\p k-aÀ-¸n-¡p-I-bp-Åp F-¶v

Xo-cp-am-\n-¨mÂ Cu hÀ-jw F-Ãm

{Xn-X-e ]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ-¡pw ¢o³

Hm-Un-äv kÀ-«n-^n-¡-äv e-`n-¡pw.

kmw -Jy Ir -Xy - a m -b n

]-©m-b-¯nÂ \-S-¸m-¡p-

¶p F-¶p-d-¸p h-cp-¯m³

sk-{I-« -dn F-s´m-s¡

sN-¿-Ww?

A-¡u|-_n-en-än F-¶

hm-¡n-\À-°w, D-¯-c-hm-

Zn -¯-s¸-« Øm-\-§-fn-

en-cn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡v kz-´w

{]-hr-¯n-I-fp-sS \ym-bw P-\-§Ä-

¡p-ap -t¼ hn-i-Zo-I-cn -¡m-\p-Å

_m-²y-X F-¶m-Wv. {]-kv-Xp-X

_m-²y-X \n-d-th-ä-W-sa-¦nÂ, Øm-

]-\-¯nÂ e-`n-t¡|n-bn-cp-¶-Xpw

b-YmÀ-°-¯nÂ e-`n-¨-Xp-am-b h-cp-

am-\-§Ä G-sXm-s¡; Øm-]-\w

sN-t¿|n-bn-cp-¶-Xpw, b-YmÀ-°-

¯nÂ sN-bv-X-Xp-am-b sN-e-hp-IÄ

G-sXm-s¡, B-kv-Xn-þ-_m-²y-X-IÄ

G-sX-Ãmw; Xp-S-§n-b Im-cy-§-fp-sS

A-¡u|v th-Ww. A-¡u|v C-Ãm-

¯-hÀ-¡v A-¡u|-_n-en-än-sb-¶

_m-²y-X \n-d-th-äm-\m-hn-Ã.

i-cn-bm-b A-¡u|v X-Õ-a-bw

X-¿m-dm -¡n, A-¡u|-_n-en -än

kw-_-Ôn-¨ G-Xp tNm-Zy -¯n-

\pw X-Õ-a-bw a-dp-]-Sn ]-d-bm-\p-Å

ku-I-cy-am-Wv kmw-Jy H-cp-¡n-¯-

¶n-«p-Å-Xv.

sk-{I-«-dn sN-t¿| an-\n-aw Im-cy-

§Ä Xm-sg ]-d-bp-¶-h-bm-Wv.

1. hÀ-jm-cw-`-¯nÂ kmw-Jy-bnÂ

tc-J-s¸-Sp-t¯| A-{Iq-hÂ

h-cp-am-\-§Ä A-¡u|â v tc-J-

s -̧Sp-̄ n-sb-¶v D-d-̧ p-h-cp-̄ p-I.

2. G-Xp co-Xn-bn-em-bm-epw e-`n-

¡p-¶ ]-W-¯n-\v Im-jn-bÀ



X-Õ-a-bw c-ko-Xv tc-J-s -̧Sp-̄ p-

¶p-s|-¶v D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯p-I.

3. kz-´w tem-Kn³, ]m-kv-th-Uv

F-¶n-h c-l-ky-am-bn kq-£n-

¡p-I. ]m-kv-th-Uv B-sc-¦n-epw

a-\-Ên-em-¡n-sb-¶v tXm-¶p-t¼m-

tgm, A-sÃ-¦nÂ C-S-¡n-S-bv-t¡m

]m-kv-thÀ-Uv am-äp-I.

4. sk-{I-«-dn sN-t¿| c-ko-Xv

Im³-k-te-j³ A-{]q-hÂ, t]-

bv -saâ v HmÀ-UÀ A-{]q -hÂ

Xp-S-§n-b-h kz-bw sN-¿p-I.

C-¯-cw tPm-en-IÄ Im-jn-b-sd

sIm-t|m, A-¡u|ân-s\-s¡m-

t|m sN-¿n-¡-cp-Xv.

5. se-äÀ Hm-^v A-tXm-dn-än, A-tem-

«v-saâ v se-äÀ Xp-S-§n-b-h-sb-

Ãmw kmw-Jy-bnÂ A-¡u|â v

Ir-Xy-am-bn tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p-

s|-¶v D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯p-I.

6. Im-jv sN-Ìn-se Im-jv _m-e³-kv

Ir-Xy-am-sW-¶v C-S-¡n-bv-s¡-¦n-

epw ]-cn-tim-[n-¡p-I.

7. \nÀ-h-l-W D-tZym-K-ØÀ F-Ãm-

am-k-hpw 5þmw Xo-b-Xn I-gn-ª

am-k-s¯ sN-e-hv tÌ-äv-saâ v

X-¶n-«p-s|-¶v D-d-¸p h-cp-¯p-I.

8. F-Ãm Zn-h-k-hpw ssh-Ip-t¶-

cw Im-jv-_p-¡v k-½-dn, _m-¦v

_p-¡p-IÄ F-¶n-h-bp-sS {]nâ v

Hu-«v F-Sp-¯v A-¡u|âpw

sk-{I-«-dn-bpw H-¸n-«v ^-bÂ sN-

¿p-I. _-bâ v sN-bv-Xv _p-¡v

B-bn kq-£n-¡p-I-bpw Hm-Un-än-

\v \Â-Ip-I-bpw sN-¿p-I.

9. kmw-Jy-bnÂ t]-bv-saâ v HmÀ-UÀ

tc-J-s -̧Sp-̄ m-sX k-aÀ-̧ n-¡p-¶

H-cp _n-Ãn-epw ]m-kv HmÀ-UÀ

H-̧ n-Sp-I-bn-sÃ-¶v Xo-cp-am-\n-¡p-I.

kmw-Jy-bnÂ tc-J-s -̧Sp-̄ n-b-Xn-\v

sX-fn-hm-bn t]-bv-saâ v HmÀ-UÀ

\-¼À _n-Ãn-t·Â F-gp-Xn-bn-cn-¡-

W-sa-¶v \n-jv-IÀ-jn-¡p-I.

10. am-km-h-km-\w {S-j-dn/_m-¦v

dn-¡¬-kn-entb-j³ \-S-¯n dn-

¡¬ kn-en-tb-j³ tÌ-äv-saâ v

X-¿m-dm-¡n-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶v \n-jv-

IÀ-jn-¡p-I.

11. F-Ãm am-k-hpw 10þmw Xo-b-Xn-¡-

Iw {]-Xn-am-k [-\-Im-cy tÌ-äv-

saâp-I-fp-sS {]nâ v-Hu-«v F-Sp-̄ v

[-\-Im-cy/Ìmânw-Kv I-½n-än-¡v

k-aÀ-¸n-¡p-I.

12. F-Ãm-am-k-hpw B-Zy- hm-c-̄ nÂ ap-

gp-h³ Po-h-\-¡m-cp-tS-bpw tbm-Kw

hn-fn-̈ v {]-Xn-am-k [-\-Im-cy tÌ-äv-

saâp-I-fn-se Hm-tcm Xp-I-bpw i-cn-

bm-tWm F-¶v se-Uv-PÀ, Iym-jv

_p-¡v, _m-¦v _p-¡v, hu-̈ -dp-IÄ

F-¶n-h-bp-sS A-Sn-Øm-\-̄ nÂ

]-cn-tim-[n-¡p-I-bpw I|p-]n-Sn-̈

sX-äp-IÄ Xn-cp-̄ m-\p-Å \nÀ-t±-

iw \Â-Ip-I-bpw sN-¿p-I.

13. hÀ-jm-h-km-\w B-h-iy-amb

s{]m-hn-j³, Un-{]o-kn-tb-j³

Xp-S-§n-b A-Uv-P-Ìv-saâ v F³-

{Sn-IÄ tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯-W-sa-¶v

\n-jv-IÀ-jn-¡p-I.

14. C-S-¡n-sS-bpw hÀ-jm-́ y-̄ n-epw

A-¡u|â v Iw-sF-Sn F-Iv -

kv-s]À-«n-sâ tk-h-\w ^-e-{]-Z-

am-bn D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯p-I. u


Zm-]p-cw {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯v

hn-e-s¡-Sp-¯ H-cp G-¡-tdm-

fw h-cp-¶ Ø-e-¯v 3000

B-fp-IÄ-¡v C-cn-¡m-\p-Å Kym-e-

dn, tIm¬-^-d-³-kv lmÄ, {Ko³

dqw, tÌ dqw, In-¨¬, c|v thm-

fn-t_ mÄ tImÀ-«v, H-cp _m-kv-¡-

äv -t_mÄ tImÀ-«v, \m-ev j-«nÂ

tImÀ-«v F-¶o ku-I-cy-t¯m-Sp-

Iq-Sn aq-¶p-tIm-Sn cq-] sN-e-hnÂ

\nÀ-½n-¨ C³-tUmÀ-kv-tä-Un-bw

2014 sa-bv 26\v C.sI. hn-P-b³

Fw.FÂ.F-bp-sS A-²y-£-X-bnÂ

kv-t]mÀ-Sv-kv h-Ip-¸v a-{´n Xn-cp-h-

©qÀ cm-[m-Ir-jv-W³ D-Zv-Lm-S-\w

sN-bv-Xp. D-Zv-Lm-S-\-t¯m-S-\p-_-Ôn-

v̈ tZ-io-b A-́ À-tZ-io-b Xm-c-§Ä

A-Wn \n-c-¶ thm-fn-t_mÄ a-Õ-cw

\-S-¶p. tI-c-f-¯nÂ B-Zy-am-bm-Wv

{Km-a-]-©m-b-¯nÂ C³-tUmÀ kv-

tä-Un-bw \nÀ-½n-¡p-¶-Xv.

k-v-tä-Un-bw F-t¡m-kv-än-¡Â

{So-äv-saân-\v 84 e-£w cq-] A-\p-h-

Zn-¡p-sa-¶v a-{´n Xn-cp-h-©qÀ cm-

[m-Ir-jv-W³ {]-Jym-]n-̈ p. t»m-¡v

]-©m-b-¯v {]-kn-Uâ v F³.]n.

tZ-hn, A-l-½-Zv ]p-¶-¡Â F-¶n-hÀ

B-iw-k-IÄ t\À-¶p. ]©mb¯v

{]-kn-Uâ v kq-̧ n \-cn-¡m-t«-cn kzm-

K-X-hpw sk-{I-«-dn ]n. N-{µ³ \-µn-

bpw ]-d-ªp.

\m-Zm-]p-cw (tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv Pn-Ã) {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯nÂ 3 tIm-Sn sN-e-hnÂ ""C³-tUmÀ kv-tä-Un-bw''

s]m-Â-¸p-Ån (]m-e-¡m-Sv PnÃ) {Km-a-]-©mb¯vB-{i-b-¯nÂ \n-¶pw kzm-{i-b-¯n-te¡v

a-]-©m-b-¯v `-c-W-k-an-Xn-

bp-sS k-l-I-c-W-hpw Po-

h-\-¡m-cp-sS Iq-«m-bv-a-bpw

H-¶n-¨p-tNÀ-¶v H-cp {Km-a-]-©m-b-

¯n-s\ F-§n-s\ kzm-{i-b-¯n-se-

¯n-¡mw F-¶-Xn-\v s]mÂ-¸p-Ån

{Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ v am-Xr-I-bm-bn-cn-¡p-

¶p; C-Ñm-i-àn-bp-sS hn-P-b-hpw.

]m-e-¡m-Sv Pn-Ã-bp-sS In-g-¡³

{]-tZ-i-am-b Nn-äqÀ t»m-¡v ]-©m-b-

¯nÂ DÄ-s¸-« ]qÀ-®-am-bpw ImÀ-

jn-I {]-[m-\-am-b {Km-a-]-©m-b-

\m

{Km

u



¯m-Wv s]mÂ-̧ p-Ån. ]-̈ -̧ -«p-Sp-̄

{Km-ao-W kp-µ-cn.

F-gp-]-Xp-i-X-am-\w `q-{]-tZ-i-

hpw s\Â-Ir-jn-bp-Å {Km-a-]-©m-

b-¯nÂ h-cp-am-\-hÀ-²-\-hn-ep-Å

km-²y-X-IÄ h-f-sc ]-cn-an-X-am-bn-

cp-¶p. {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯n-sâ ]-cn-an-

Xn-IÄ-¡p-ÅnÂ \n-¶pw F-§n-s\

km-¼-¯n-I h-fÀ-¨ F-¶-Xm-bn

Nn-´. s]mÂ-¸p-Ån {Km-a-]-©m-b-

¯n-sâ {]-tXy-I km-l-N-cy-§-fnÂ

kzo-I-cn-¨ Nn-e \-S-]-Sn-IÄ aäv {Km-

a-]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ¡pw kzo-I-cn-¡m-

hp-¶-XmWv.

hm-«À A-tXm-dn-än-bpw ]-©m-b-¯pw

hm-«À A-tXm-dn -än -bv -¡v 53

s] m-Xp Sm-̧ p-IÄ-¡mWv hm-«À NmÀ-

Öv A-S-¨p h-¶-Xv, Sm-¸p-I-fp-sS

F-®-¯n-ep-Å kw-i-b-s¯ Xp-SÀ-

¶v XmÂ-¡m-en-I-am-bn \ nÀ-¯Â

sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶-Xm-bn {Km-a-]-©m-b-

¯n-sâ Im-jyÀ {i-²-bnÂ-s¸-Sp-

¯n. Xp-SÀ-¶v hm-«À A-tXm-dn-än-

bv-¡v kw-bp-à ]-cn-tim-[-\-bv-¡v

I-¯v \Â-Ip-I-bpw, Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-b

k-½À-²-¯n-s\m-Sp-hnÂ \-S-¯n-b

]-cn-tim-[-\-bnÂ hm-«À-Sm-̧ p-I-fp-sS

F-®w 39 F-®w am-{X-am-sW-¶v

I-s|-¯p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. C-tXm-

sS hm-«À NmÀ-ÖnÂ hmÀ-jn-I-am-

bn 49000/þ cq-] Ip-d-hp h-cp-¯m³

km-[n-¨p.

hm-«À A-tXm-dn-än Cu hn-[-

¯nÂ {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯nÂ \n-¶pw

A-[n-Iw Xp-I ssI-¸-än-b-Xm-bn

Nq -|n-¡m-Wn-¨v Xp -SÀ -¨-bm-bn

\-S-¯n-b I-¯n-S-]m-Sp-I-sf Xp-SÀ-

¶v Cu I-gn-ª G-{]nÂ am-k-

¯nÂ 300000/---þ cq-] {Km-a-]-©m-b-

¯nÂ \n-¶pw A-[n-Iw ssI-¸-än-bn-

«p-Å-Xm-bn k-½-Xn-̈ p-sIm-|v hm-«À

A-tXm-dn-än ]-©m-b-¯nÂ I-¯v

\Â-Ip-I-bp-|m-bn. ZoÀ-L-Im-em-Sn-

Øm-\-¯nÂ {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯n-sâ

em-`w h-f-sc h-ep-Xm-Wv.

sX-cp-hv hn-f-¡v:

sX-cp-hv hn-f-¡v NmÀ-Öv Ir-Xy-

am-bn A-S-¡p-I F-¶-Xv {Km-a-]-©m-

b-¯n-sâ h-en-sbm-cp _m-²y-X-bm-

bn-cp-¶p. sX-cp-hv hn-f-¡v ao-ä-dnw-Kv

th-Kw \-S-̧ n-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\v 2 hÀ-jw

ap-¼v X-s¶ sI.-F-kv.-C.-_n-þ-bnÂ

Xp-I sI-«n sh-¨p-sh-¦n-epw ao-äÀ

Øm-]n-¡Â bm-YmÀ-°y-am-bn-«n-Ã;

C-Xv s]m-Xp-hm-b Øn-Xn-bp-am-W-

tÃm? hn-hn-[ hÀ-j-§-fn-em-bn {Km-a-

]-©m-b-¯n-se 600Â A-[n-Iw sX-

cp-hv hn-f-¡p-I-fpw kn.-F-^v.-F-Ãpw

Syq-_v sse-äpw B-¡n am-än-bn-cp-¶p.

B-b-Xp kw-bp-à ]-cn-tim-[-\

\-S-¯n sX-cp-hv hn-f-¡v NmÀ-Öv

] p-\À \nÀ-®-bn-¨p X-c-W-sa-¶v

sI.-F-kv.-C.-_n-tbm-Sv B-h-iy-s¸-«-

Xn-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\-̄ nÂ kw-bp-à

]-cn-tim-[-\ \-S-¯p-I-bpw NmÀ-Öv

]p-\À-\nÀ-®-bn-¡p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp.

sX-cp-hv hn-f-¡v NmÀ-Öv am-kw

42000/-þ B-bn-cp-¶-Xv ]p-\À-\nÀ-®-

bn-¨-tXm-sS am-kw 21000/þ B-bn

Ip-d-ªp. Cu C-\-̄ nÂ hmÀ-jn-I

em-`w 250000/þ cq-]-bm-Wv.

\n-Ip-Xn \nÀ-®-b-hpw ]n-cn-s -̈Sp-¡-epw

h-kv-Xp-\n-Ip-Xn ]-cn-jv-I-c-W-

¯n-epw ]n-cn-s¨-Sp-¡-en-epw {i-t²-

b-am-b {]-hÀ-¯-\w \-S-¯m³

I-gn-ª-Xm-Wv {Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ n-sâ

km-¼-¯n-I `-{Z-X-bv-¡v k-lm-b-

I-c-am-b-Xv. 2010þ-se Un.-kn._n

{]-Im-cw h-kv-Xp-\n-Ip-Xn 600000/þ

cq-] B-bn-cp-¶-Xv 2014 Â 1090982/þ

cq-] B-bn D-bÀ-̄ p-hm³ I-gn-ªp.

]²Xn B-kq{XW-hpw X-\-Xp-^-|n-

sâ an-¨-hpw

ap³ hÀ-j-§-fnÂ ]-«n-I-Pm-

Xn-hn-`m-K-¯nÂ sN-e-hp Ip-d-ª-

Xn-\ mÂ s]m-Xp-hn-`m-Kw ^-|nÂ

Ip-d-hp h-¶-Xv ]-©m-b-¯n-sâ

X-\-Xp ^-|nÂ A-[n-I _m-²y-X

kr-jv-Sn-̈ n-cp-¶p. F-¶mÂ ]-«n-I-Pm-

Xn hn-`m-K-¡mÀ-¡v G-ä-hpw k-lm-

b-I-c-am-b hn-hm-l [-\-k-lm-bw

t]m-ep-Å ]-²-Xn-I-fnÂ Iq-Sp-XÂ

Xp-I sN-e-hp sN-bv-Xv B tIm-«w

\n-I-¯n-b-tXm-sS X-\-Xp-^-|n-se

A-[n-I _m-²y-X-I-fpw H-gn-hm-¡m³

km-[n-¨p.

Kym-]v ^-|v:

ap³ hÀ-j-§-fn-se X-\-Xp-

^-|n-se h-c-hp-sN-e-hv I-W-¡v

Ir-Xy-am-bn ̂ -|n-se Ip-d-hv tc-Jm-

aq-ew tem-¡Â ^-|v D-tZym-K-Ø-

sc t_m-²y-s¸-Sp-¯m³ A-¡u-

|ân-\v I-gn-ª-Xn-\mÂ 2013þ14

hÀ-j-¯nÂ 5 e£w cq-] Kym-]v

-̂|n-\-̄ n-epw {Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ n-\v

e-`n-¡p-I-bp-|m-bn. 2014þ15 ap-XÂ

Kym-]v ̂ -|n-Ãm-sX {]-hÀ-̄ n-¡m³

{Km-a-]-©m-b-¯n-\v km-²y-am-bn-cn-

¡p-I-b-mWv.

Cu hn-[-̄ nÂ hn-hn-[ C-\-§-

fn-em-bn 10 e-£w cq-]-bp-sS A-[n-I

h-cp-am-\w I-s|-̄ n-b-t¸mÄ 5 e-£-

¯n-e-[n-Iw cq-] sN-e-hn-\-¯nÂ

Ip-d-hp-h-cp-¯p-¶-Xn-\pw km-[n-¨p.

Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS B-\p-Iq-ey-a-S-¡w Ip-

Sn-Èn-I-bm-bn-cp-¶-Xv sIm-Sp-̄ p XoÀ-

¡m-\pw sX-cp-hv hn-f-¡v C-\-̄ nÂ

Ip-Sn-Èn-I-bm-bn-cp-¶ 6 e-£-̄ n-e-[n-

Iw cq-] A-S-¡m-\ pw km-[n-̈ p.

taÂ kq-Nn-¸n-¨-h-bnÂ hm-

«À A-tXm-dn-än NmÀ-Öv, sX-cp-hv

hn-f-¡v NmÀ-Öv F-¶n-h kw-Øm-

\-s¯ hn-hn-[ {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-

IÄ-¡v \-S-¸n-em-¡m-hp-¶ km-²y-

X-I-fm-Wv.

s]mÂ-̧ p-Ån {Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ v

`-c-W-k-an -Xn -bp-sS k-l-I-c-W-

t¯m-sS ]©mb-¯v sk-{I«-dn

A-Pn-Xv F-g-¡m-Snsâ t\-Xr-Xz-

¯nÂ F-Ãm D-tZym-K-Ø-cp-sS-bpw

B-ßmÀ-¸-Ww {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯n-\v

km-¼-¯n-I Øn-c-X ssI-h-cn -

¡m³ k-lm-b-I-c-am-bn F-¶p

]-d-bp-¶-XnÂ h-en-b Nm-cn-XmÀ-

°y-hpw A-`n-am-\-hp-ap-|v. u



a-]-©m-b-¯v X-e-¯nÂ

C-ý-bnÂ G-ä-hpw Iq-Sp-

XÂ P-\-kw-Jy-bp-Å kw-

Øm-\-am-Wv tI-c-fw. tZ-io-b-X-

e-¯nÂ H-cp {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯nÂ

i-cm-i-cn 3097 P-\-§Ä h-kn-¡p-

t¼mÄ tI-c-f-¯nÂ C-Xv 28360

B-Wv. `-c-W-L-S-\ t`-Z-K-Xn-bn-

eq-sS e-`n-¨ D-¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-§Ä

\ nÀ-h-ln-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw, tI-{µ þ kw-

Øm-\ kÀ-¡m-cp-IÄ GÂ-]n-¡p-¶

]-²-Xn-IÄ \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw,

s]m-Xp-P-\-§Ä-¡v Im-cy-£-a-am-bn

tk-h-\-§Ä e-`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw,

{Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ v Im-cym-e-b-§-fnÂ

F-¯n-tN-cp-¶-Xn-\pw, hn-tI-{µo-

Ir-Xm-kq-{X-Ww \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-

Xn-\p-sa-Ãmw D-bÀ-¶ P-\-kw-Jy

_p-²n-ap-«v kr-jv-Sn-¡p-¶p|v. tI-c-

f-¯n-se {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-I-fp-sS

]p-\-kw-hn-[m-\w F-{X-t¯m-fw

A-\n-hm-cy-am-sW-¶v 2011 sk³-k-

kv I-W-¡p-I-fp-sS sh-fn-¨-¯nÂ

]-cn-tim-[n-¡p-I-bm-Wv te-J-I³.

H-cp {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯n-\v A-\p-

tbm-Py-am-b P-\-kw-Jy F-{X-bm-

sW-¶p-Å hn-j-bw C-ý-bn-se

\-b-cq-]o-I-c-W G-P³-kn-I-sf-Ãmw

\n-c-h-[n hÀ-j-am-bn NÀ-̈ sN-¿p-¶

hn-j-b-am-Wv. 1963 se ssa-kqÀ

kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ I-½n-än G-ä-hpw Ip-

d-ª P-\-kw-Jy 500 F-¦n-epw th-

W-sa-¶v \nÀ-t±-in-¨p. 1965 se dmw

aqÀ-¯n I-½n-än G-ä-hpw Ip-d-ª-Xv

1000 P-\-kw-Jy-sb-¦n-epw th-W-sa-

¶v \nÀ-t±-in-¨p. 1967 se A-Uv-an-\n-

kv-t{S-äo-hv dn-t^mw-kv I-½n-än-bp-sS

\ nÀ-t±-iw 3000 ̄ n-\pw 5000 ̄ n-\pw

C-S-bn-ep-Å P-\-kw-Jy-bm-Wv. 1973

se X-an-gv-\m-Sv A-Uv-an-\n-kv-t{S-äo-hv

I-½n-än G-ä-hpw Ip-d-ª-Xv 5000

B-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶v \nÀ-t±-in-¨p.

1977 se A-tim-Iv ta-̄ I-½n-än-bpw

Ip-d-ª P-\-kw-Jy-sIm|p|m-

Ip-¶ {]-iv-\-§-sf-Ip-dn-¨v {]-Xn-] m-

Zn-¡p-¶p|vv. Cu I-½n-än-I-sf-Ãmw

H-cp {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯nÂ Ip-d-ª

P-\-kw-Jy F-{X-th-W-sa-¶m-Wv

]T-\-hn-j-b-am-¡n-b-Xv. F-¶mÂ tI-

c-fw t\-cn-Sp-¶ {]-[m-\ sh-Ãp-hn-fn

H-cp {Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ nÂ F-{X-h-sc

P-\-kw-Jy B-Im-sa-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv.

73þmw `-c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-

Xn-bp-sS 243 (Pn) bnÂ {Km-a-]-

©m-b-¯p-I-fn-se Ip-d-ª P-\-

kw-Jy-sb-Ip-dn -t¨m ]-c-am-h-[n

P-\-kw-Jy-sb-Ip-dn-t¨m ]-cm-aÀ-in-

¡p-¶n-Ã. C-Xn-s\ kw-_-Ôn-¨p-Å

Xo-cp-am-\-sa-Sp-¡p-hm³ kw-Øm-\

kÀ-¡m-cp-I-sf GÂ-]n-¨n-cn-¡p-I-

bm-Wv. Nn-e kw-Øm-\ kÀ-¡m-cp-

IÄ ]-©m-b-¯o-cm-Pv \n-b-a-¯nÂ

P-\-kw-Jy-sb-Ip-dn-̈ v \n-jv-IÀ-jn-̈ n-

«p|v. D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn ]-©m-_n-epw

X-an-gv-\m-«n-epw Ip-d-ª-Xv 500 Dw

H-Uo-j-bnÂ 1500 Dw IÀ-Wm-S-I-

bnÂ 2000 Dw P-\-kw-Jy H-cp {Km-

a-]-©m-b-¯nÂ B-h-iy-am-sW-¶v

hy-h-Ø sN-bv-Xn-«p|v. F-¶mÂ

tI-c-fw DÄ-s¸-sS-bp-Å a-äv kw-

Øm-\-§-fnÂ H-cp hn-tÃ-Pn-\v H-cp

{Km-a-]-©m-b-¯v F-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv

Aw-Ko-Ir-X \-bw.

A-cp-Wm-NÂ-{]-tZ-iv, D-¯-cm-

J-Þv F-¶o kw-Øm-\-§-fnÂ

B-bn-c-¯nÂ Xm-sg am-{X-am-Wv

{Km-a-]-©m-b-¯v P-\-kw-Jy. {Km-a-

]-©m-b-¯v P-\-kw-Jy tI-c-f-¯n-

em-Wv G-ä-hpw Iq-Sp-X-em-sW-¶p

am-{X-a-Ã H-cp {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯n-sâ

hn-kv-Xr-Xn 40 kv-Iz-bÀ In-tem-ao-ä-

dm-Wv. ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-¯nÂ Iq-Sp-XÂ

P-\-kw-Jy-bp-Å kw-Øm-\-§Ä

X-s¶ h-f-sc-Ip-d-hm-Wv. tZ-io-b-X-

e-¯nÂ 25 kv-Iz-bÀ In-tem-ao-äÀ

hn-kv-Xr-Xn-bpw 3097 P-\-kw-Jy-bpw

B-bn-cn-¡p-t¼m-gm-Wv tI-c-f-¯nÂ

40 kv-Iz-bÀ In-tem-ao-äÀ hn-kv-Xr-

Xn-bpw 28360 P-\-kw-Jy-bp-ap-Å-Xv.

tUm.-kn.-{]-Zo-]vKm-Ôn ao-Un-b û-t≠-j³ sk-{I-«-dn

tZ-io-b-X-e-¯nÂ H-cp {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯nÂ i-cm-i-cn 3097 P-\-§Ä h-kn-¡p-t¼mÄ tI-c-f-¯nÂ C-Xv 28360 B-Wv. `-c-W-L-S-\ t`-Z-K-Xn-bn-eq-sS e-`n-¨ D-¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-§Ä \nÀ-h-ln-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw, tI-{µ þ kw-Øm-\ kÀ-¡m-cp-IÄ GÂ-]n-¡p-¶ ]-²-Xn-IÄ \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw, s]m-Xp-P-\-§Ä-¡v Im-cy-£-a-am-bn tk-h-\-§Ä e-`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw, {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯v Im-cym-e-b-§-fnÂ F-¯n-tN-cp-¶-Xn-\pw, hn-tI-{µo-Ir-Xm-kq-{X-Ww \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-sa-Ãmw D-bÀ-¶ P-\-kw-Jy _p-²n-ap-«v kr-jv-Sn-¡p-¶p≠v.

{Km


Pq¬ 2014 ]©mbØv cmPv 23Pq¬ 2014 ]©mbØv cmPv 23

2011 sk³-k-kv I-W-¡p-IÄ

{]-Im-cw ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-¯nÂ Xm-sg

(tZ-io-b i-cm-i-cn 3097) P-\-kw-

Jy-bp-Å 1.3 i-X-am-\w {Km-a-]-©m-

b-¯p-IÄ am-{X-sa tI-c-f-¯nÂ

\n-e-hn-ep-Åp. 129 {Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ p-

I-fn-se P-\-kw-Jy 40,000 ¯n-e-[n-

I-am-Wv. H-cp {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯n-\v

^-e-{]-Z-am-bn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-hm³

I-gn-bp-¶-Xn-ep-a-[n-I-am-Wv C-Xv.

D-bÀ-¶ P-\-kw-Jy \n-e-hn-ep-Å

{Km-a -]-©m-b-¯p-I-sf hn -` -Pn -

t¡|-Xv A-Xy-´m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv.

]-«n-I þ aq-¶nÂ hn-hn-[ Pn-Ã-I-

fn-se {Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ v P-\-kw-Jym

hn-h-c-Ww \Â-In-bn-c-n-¡p-¶p. P-\-

kw-Jy-bnÂ \mÂ-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-̄ nÂ

Iq-Sp-X-ep-Å {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ

a-e-¸p-dw, tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv Pn-Ã-I-fn-em-

Wv. Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw Pn-Ã-bnÂ 9,

sIm-Ãw Pn-Ã-bnÂ 13, ]-¯-\w-Xn-«

Pn-Ã-bnÂ 2, B-e-¸p-g Pn-Ã-bnÂ 5,

tIm-«-bw Pn-Ã-bnÂ 5, C-Sp-¡n Pn-

Ã-bnÂ 4, F-d-Wm-Ip-fw Pn-Ã-bnÂ

12, Xr-iqÀ Pn-Ã-bnÂ 8, ]m-e-¡m-Sv

Pn-Ã-bnÂ 6, a-e-¸p-dw Pn-Ã-bnÂ 31,

tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv Pn-Ã-bnÂ 17, h-b-\m-Sv

Pn-Ã-bnÂ 5, I-®qÀ Pn-Ã-bnÂ 34,

Im-kÀ-tIm-Sv Pn-Ã-bnÂ 8 DÄ-s¸-sS-

bp-Å 127 {Km-a-]-©m-¯p-I-sf-bm-

Wv ]p-\-kw-hn-[m-\-¯n-\v hn-t[-b-

am-t¡|-Xv.

]-«n-I þ H-¶v ]-©m-b-¯p-X-e P-\-kw-Jy þ hn-hn-[ kw-Øm-\-§-fnÂ þ 2013

\-¼À kw-Øm-\w]-©m-b-̄ v Np-ä-f-hv (kv-Iz. In-tem-ao-äÀ)

]-©m-b-¯vP-\-kw-Jy

1. B-{Ôm-{]-tZ-iv 13 2558

2. A-cp-Wm-NÂ {]-tZ-iv 47 489

3. B-kmw 36 10543

4. _o-lmÀ 11 8837

5. O-¯o-kv-K-Uv 14 1710

6. tKm-h 20 3582

7. Kp-P-dm-¯v 14 2301

8. l-cn-bm-\ 7 2471

9. ln-am-NÂ {]-tZ-iv 17 1691

10. P-½p Bâv Im-iv-aoÀ 54 1843

11. PmÀ-J-Þv 18 4737

12. IÀ-Wm-S-I 34 6200

13. tI-c-f 40 24105*

14. a-[y-{]-tZ-iv 13 1929

15. a-lm-cm-jv-{S 11 1999

16. a-Wn-¸qÀ 139 9881

17. H-Uo-j 25 5020

18. ]-©m-_v 4 1260

19. cm-P-Øm³ 37 4718

20. kn-¡nw 21 1411

21. X-an-gv-\m-Sv 10 2788

22. Xr-]p-c 21 5193

23. D-¯À-{]-tZ-iv 5 2536

24. D-¯-cm-J-Þv 7 835

25. ]-Ýn-a-_w-KmÄ 27 17244

26. tZ-io-b -i-cm-i-cn 25 3097t{im-X-kv : 1. 11 PA bp-sS-bpw tI-{µ-]-©m-b-¯o-cm-Pv a-{´m-e-b-¯n-sâ-bpw I-W-¡p-IÄ.

2. * te-J-I-sâ I-W-¡p-{]-Im-cw 28360 B-Wv tI-c-f-¯n-se ]-©m-b-¯p-X-e P-\-kw-Jy

{Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ v P-\-kw-Jy

F-®w %

0 --þ 10,000 13 1.3

10,001- þ 20,000 218 22.3

20,001 þ -30,000 371 37.9

30,001- þ 40,000 247 25.3

40,001- þ 50,000 100 10.2

50,001- þ 60,000 22 2.3

60,001- þ 70,000 5 0.5

70,001 þ- 80,000 2 0.2

B-sI 978 100.0

t{im-X-kv : 2011 sk³-k-kv dn-t¸mÀ-«nÂ \n-¶pw I-W-¡m-¡n-b-Xv

]-«n-I þ c|v tI-c-f-¯n-se {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-I-fn-se

P-\-kw-Jy þ 2011

Pn-Ãm- 0 þ---

10,000

10,001-þ

20,000

20,001-þ

30,000

30,001-þ

40,000

40,001-þ

50,000

50,001-þ

60,000

60,001 þ-

70,000

70,001- þ

80,000 B-sI

Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw 0 13 28 23 7 2 0 0 73

sIm-Ãw 1 8 26 22 8 4 1 0 70

]-¯-\w-Xn-« 1 30 17 4 2 0 0 0 54

B-e-¸p-g 2 23 31 12 3 2 0 0 73

tIm-«-bw 2 26 27 13 5 0 0 0 73

C-Sp-¡n 3 27 16 3 4 0 0 0 53

F-d-Wm-Ip-fw 0 28 29 15 9 2 0 1 84

Xr-iqÀ 1 8 47 24 8 0 0 0 88

]m-e-¡m-Sv 1 15 41 28 4 2 0 0 91

a-e-¸p-dw 0 1 25 43 23 6 1 1 100

tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv 0 10 28 20 12 2 3 0 75

h-b-\m-Sv 0 5 6 9 5 0 0 0 25

I-®qÀ 2 20 30 25 4 0 0 0 81

Im-kÀ-tIm-Sv 0 4 20 6 6 2 0 0 38

B-sI 13 218 371 247 100 22 5 2 978

]-«n-I þ aq-¶v{Km-a-]-©m-b-¯v Pn-Ãm-X-e P-\-kw-Jym-hn-X-c-Ww þ 2011

t{im-X-kv : sk³-k-kv 2011 dn-t¸mÀ-«nÂ \n-¶pw te-J-I³ I-W-¡v Iq-«n-b-Xv tijw 31þmw t]-PnÂ


\-en-sâ Nq-Sv D-cp-In-bp-cp-In

Ip-d-ªp.

ta-S-¯n-sâ [-h-f-am-b ta-

\n-sb X-gp-In-bp-d-¡n-s¡m|v C-S-

hw I-S-¶p h-¶p. C-cp|v Xp-S-

§n-b ]-Sn-ªm-d³ N-{I-hm-f-¯n-Â

\n-¶pw I-dp-¯v `o-am-Im-c-am-b I-cn-

ho-c³-amÀ ]-Xp-s¡ ]-d-¶v D-bÀ-¶v

am-\w \n-d-¨p.

Xm-sg ̀ q-an tZ-hn-bp-sS am-dn-se

X-®oÀ-X-S-§-fpw, ]p-g-I-fpw, sIm-bv-

¯v I-gn-ª h-b-ep-I-fpw In-W-dp-

I-fpw BÀ-¯n-tbm-sS I-®pw \-«v

\n-¶p. F-§p \n-s¶m ]-d-¶p h-¶

a-e-ap-g-¡n th-gm-¼-Â ]m-S-t¯-¡v

Nm-ªv \n-¶ D-W-§n-b am-hn-sâ

Nn-Ãbn-en-cp-¶v D-¨-¯n-Â Nn-e-¨p.

-C-S-h-¸m-Xn C-¯-h-W t\-c-

t -̄bm-W-tÃm? a-g X-IÀ-¡p-sa-¶m-

Wv tXm-¶p-¶-Xv!

C-§-s\ ]-d-ªv Im-c-W-hÀ

I|-̄ n-Â \n-¶pw I-b-dn H-cp hm-g-

bn-e sh-«n ho-«n-te-¡v \-S-¶p.

D-{K³ a-g h-cp-¶p!

A-b-Â-¡q-«w t\-c-s¯ A-h-

km-\n-¸n-¨v Ip-Spw-_-{io Aw-K-§-

fm-b kv-{Xo-IÄ ho-Sp-I-fn-te-¡v

A-Xn io-{Lw bm-{X-bm-bn.

]m-S-̄ n-\v Ip-dp-sI h-en-̈ v sI-

«n-bn-cp-¶ ssh-Zyp-X sse³ I-¼n-

bn-Â sIm-än-I-fpw s]m³-am³-am-cpw

]-d-¶n-cp-¶p.

I-®-©n-¸n-¡p-¶ H-cp C-Sn-

hmÄ ho-in. Xp-SÀ-¶v Im-X-S-¸n-

¡p-¶ H-̈ -bn-Â C-Sn-bpw-sh-«n. A-́ -

co-£-¯n-sâ G-tXm tIm-Wn-Â

\n-¶pw X-Wp-̄ Im-äv ho-in-b-Sn-̈ p.

»pw!

A-¦-W-¯n-se a-W-Â-¯-cn-

bn-Â B-Zy-s¯ a-g-̄ p-Ån ]-Xn-̈ p.

lp-¦m-c i-_v-Z-t¯m-sS a-g `q-an-

bn-te-¡v B-ªv ]-Xn-¨p. F-Ãm-

än-t\-bpw a-d-¨p sIm|v a-g F-¶

b-h-\n-I F-§pw \n-d-ªp. a-Wn-

¡q-dp-IÄ, cm-¸-I-ep-IÄ, Zn-\-§Ä,

a-g-X-IÀ-¯v s]-bv-Xp.

Im-¡ \-\-ªn-d-§n.

]p-g-I-fpw tXm-Sp-I-fpw \n-d-ªv

I-hn-ªp.

P-em-i-b-§-fm-bn am-dn-b h-b-

ep-I-fn-Â a-g-¯p-Ån-IÄ kv-t\-l

kw-Ko-Xw s]m-gn-̈ v ]-Xn-̈ p sIm|n-

cp-¶p. ]p-g-IÄ \n-d-ªv I-hn-ªv

k-ao-] {]-tZ-i-§-fn-te-¡v ]-SÀ-¶v

I-b-dn. h-b-ep-I-fn-te-¡pw tXm-Sp-I-

fn-te-¡pw ]p-g h-fÀ-¶p. a-g-sh-Åw

\n-d-ª h-b-ep-I-fn-epw tXm-Sp-I-

fn-epw ]p-g-bn-Â \n-¶pw ]p-Xn-b

_n-µp-cm-Pv.Fw.F

th



A-b-Â-¡mÀ h-s¶-¯n. h-cm-Â,

Im-cn, Iq-cn, sN-¼-Ãn, ]-c-ev, Ip-dp-h,

Iq-c-Â, ]q-hm-en-̧ -c-Â, B-c-ev, hm-f,

a-\-ªn-Â Xp-S-§n-b ]p-g a-Õy-§-

fp-sS a-g-¡m-e k-t½-f-\w h-b-ep-I-

fn-epw tXm-Sp-I-fn-epw k-am-cw-`n-¨p.

cm-{Xn-Im-e-¯v h-b-ep-I-fn-Â

a-g-h-I-sh-¡m-sX A-§n-§v s]-

t{Sm-am-Iv-kn-sâ sh-fn-¨w Im-Wm³

I-gn-ªp. \m-«p-ImÀ sN-dp kw-L-

§-fm-bn-¯n-cn-ªv h-e-ho-in-bpw

Nq|-bn-«pw I-¯n-¡v sh-«n-bpw

H-s¡ a-g-b-¯v h-s¶-¯n-b A-Xn-

Yn-I-sf k-©n-bn-em-¡n-s¡m|n-cn-

¡p-I-bm-Wv. F-Ãm-h-cpw B-Ëm-Z

Nn-¯À.. Hm-tcm kw-L-¯n-\pw

B-h-iy-¯n-te-sd ]p-g-a-Õy-§-sf

e-̀ y-am-bn. F-Ãm ho-«n-epw s]m-cn-¡p-

I-bpw I-cn-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶-Xn-sâ

sIm-Xn-bq-dp-¶ kp-J-I-c-am-b a-Ww

\n-d-ªp.

]-s£ \mw Cu sN-¿p-¶-Xv

\ym-b-am-sWm? a-Õy-¯n-sâ e-`y-

X-sb-¡p-dn-¨v B-i-¦m-Ip-e-cm-Ip-¶

\-½Ä F-´p-sIm|v A-h ZpÀ-e-

`-am-Ip-¶p F-¶-Xn-s\-¸-än Nn-ń-

¨n-«p-s|m? a-g-¡m-e-¯v ]p-g-bn-Â

\n-¶pw Cu a-Õy C-\-§Ä Iq-«-

s¯m-sS h-b-ep-I-fn-te-¡pw tXm-

Sp-I-fn-te-¡pw F-´p-sIm|m-Wv

h-s¶-¯p-¶-Xv F-¶-Xn-sâ im-kv-

{Xo-b h-iw \mw Xn-c-¡n-bn-«p-s|m?

C-Ã F-¶v i-cn-¡pw kw-i-

bn-t¡|n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. a-[y-tI-c-

f-¯n-epw D-¯-c tI-c-f-¯n-epw

ta-Â-¸-d-ª a-g-¡m-e a-Õy-th-«

hym-]-I-am-Wv. ao-\w, ta-Sw, C-S-hw

am-k-§Ä F-¶p ]-d-bp-¶-Xv a-Õy-

§-fp-sS {]-P-\-\ Im-e-am-Wv. Ip-

ªp-§Ä-¡v P·w \-Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\v

a-Õy-§Ä Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-¶ Ø-e-

§Ä h-b-ep-I-fpw tXm-Sp-I-fp-am-

Wv. A-hn-sS-bm-Ip-t¼mÄ B-lm-c

k-¼m-Z-\-¯n-\pw h-en-b ao-\p-IÄ

Ip-ªp-§-sf B-{I-an -¡p-¶-Xn-

\p-Å km-[y-X-I-fpw P-e-¯n-sâ

H-gp-¡pw Xp-temw Ip-d-hm-Wv. ]-s£

{]-P-\-\-¯n-\m-bn a-Õy-§Ä Xn-c-

sª-Sp-¡p-¶ C-¯-cw {]-tZ-i-¯v

A-h {]-Xo-£n-¡p-¶-Xn-epw h-en-b

hn-]-¯v A-sÃ¦n-Â ò-j-Wn a-\p-

jy-sâ cq-]-¯n-Â Im-¯n-cn-¡p-¶-

Xv A-hÀ A-dn-bp-¶n-Ã. a-g-¡m-e-

¯v h-b-ep-I-fn-e-pw tXm-Sp-I-fn-e-pw

\ n¶pw e-`y-am-Ip-¶ a-Õy-§-fn-Â

sXm-®q-än-b-©v i-X-am-\w F-®-̄ n-

sâ-bpw h-b-dn-\p-Ån-Â {]-P-\-\-̄ n-

\v X-¿m-sd-Sp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶ ap-«-IÄ

Im-Wm³ km-[n-¡pw. Cu ̀ q-an-bn-Â

P-·w F-Sp-¡m³ X-¿m-sd-Sp-̄ n-cp-¶

tIm-Sn-¡-W-¡n-\v a-Õy-§-sf-bm-Wv

BÀ-¯n-bpw Zp-c-bpw aq-¯ a-\p-jy-

sâ Ip-Õn-X {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä ap-

Jm-ń-cw \-jv-S-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv C-Xn-sâ

^-e-tam! a-Õy-§-fp-sS e-`y-X-bn-Â

K-Wy-am-b Ip-d-hpw D|m-Ip-¶p.

a-g-¡m-e-§-fn-se h-b-Â, tXm-Sv

ao³-]n-Sp-¯w C-t¶m C-¶-se-sbm

Xp-S-§n-b-X-Ã. F-¶m-Â ]|v Im-

e-§-fn-Â h-f-sc Ip-d-¨v a-\p-jyÀ

am-{X-sa C-̄ -cw {]-hÀ-̄ -\-§-fn-Â

GÀ-s¸-«n-cp-¶p-Åp. A-Xp-sIm|v

X-s¶ A-h-sb ]n-Sn-Iq-Sp-¶-Xpw Ip-

d-hm-bn-cp-¶p.

h³ P-\-Iq-«-am-Wv C-¶v a-g-

¡m-e h-b-Â tXm-Sv ao³-] n-Sp-¯-

¯n-Âv GÀ-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. A-h-cp-sS

ssI-bn-ep-Å A-Xy-´m-[p-\n-I

ao³-]n-Sp-̄ D-]-I-c-W-§Ä sIm|v

h-b-ep-I-fpw, tXm-Sp-I-fpw A-cn-¨v

tIm-cn ao³-]n-Sp-¯w \-S-¯p-¶p.

tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv ^n-j-do-kv h-Ip-

¸v, ̂ n-jv-^mÀ-ta-gv-kv U-h-e-]v-saâ v

G-P³-kn-bn-se A-Izm-IÄ-̈ À F-Iv-

kv-t]À-«v (a-Õy {]-P-\-\ hn-Z-Kv-[)

P-b-́ n än.än. Cu {]-hÀ-̄ -\-§-sf

H-cp ò-j-Wn-bm-bn hn-e-bn-cp-̄ p-¶p.

a-Õy-k-¼-̄ v \n-e-\nÀ-̄ p-¶-Xn-\v A-Sn-b-́ n-c-am-bn sN-¿m³ I-gn-bp-¶-Xv a-Õy-§-sf {]-P-\-\w \-S-̄ p-¶-Xn-\v A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-I F-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv. k-ap-{Z-¯n-se a-Õy-§-sf {]-P-\-\-¯n-\pw h-f-cp-¶-Xn-\pw A-h-k-cw H-cp-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn t{Sm-fnw-Kv \n-tcm-[-\w GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xv t]m-se a-g-¡m-e h-b-Â/tXm-Sv a-Õy-_-Ô-\w \n-b-aw aqew \n-tcm-[n-t¡≠-Xm-Wv.


Pq¬ 2014 ]©mbØv cmPv 27Pq¬ 2014 ]©mbØv cmPv 27

....-I-gn-ª ]-¯v hÀ-j-s¯

DÄ-\m-S³ a-Õy e-`y-X \mw ]-cn-

tim-[n-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n-Â a-Õy-

§-fp-sS F-®-¯n-Â h³ Ip-d-hv

\-ap-¡v Im-Wm³ km-[n-¡pw. hy-

Xy-Ø-§-fm-b A-t\-Iw hÀ-K-¯n-

ep-Å a-Õy-§-fp-sS D-d-hn-S-am-bn-cp-

¶p \-½p-sS ]p-g-I-fpw, \-Zn-I-fpw,

A-cp-hn-I-fpw H-s¡. ]-s£ C-¶v

A-h-sbm-s¡ tI-«p-tIÄ-hn am-{X-

am-bn-¯oÀ-¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. C-Xn-\v Im-

c-Ww a-Õy-§-fp-sS kp-c-£n-X-am-b

{]-P-\-\ Ø-e-§Ä C-Ãm-Xm-Ip-¶p

F-¶-Xm-Wv. a-Õy-§Ä {]-P-\-\-

¯n-\v X-¿m-sd-Sp-̄ v sN-s¶-̄ p-¶

h-b-ep-I-fn-Â \n-¶pw tXm-Sp-I-fn-Â

\n-¶pw A-h-sb hw-i-hÀ-²-\-hn-\v

A-\p-h-Zn-¡m-sX \nÀ-±m-£-Wyw

a-\p-jy³ ]n-Sn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.!

P-b-ń än.än Nq|n-¡m-Wn-

¡p-¶p.

....ssii-h-Z-i-bn-ep-Å a-Õy-

¡p-ªp-§-sf-t¸m-epw BÀ-¯n-

aq-̄ a-\p-jyÀ sh-dp-sX hn-Sp-¶n-Ã.

D-¯-c-a-[y tI-c-f-¯n-se Nn-e

t`m-P-\ im-e-I-fn-Â s]m-Sn-ao³

ss{^ F-¶ t]-cn-Â e-`n-¡p-¶-Xv

\nÀ-`m-Ky-cm-b Cu a-Õy-¡p-ªp-

§-sf-bm-Wv.

P-b-ń. ]-d-ªp.

h-cm-Â t]m-se-bp-Å a-Õy-

§Ä X-§-fp-sS Ip-ªp-§-fp-sS

c-£-sb-¡-cp-Xn ]-e-t¸m-gpw A-dn-

ªp-sIm|v Nq|-¡v kz-bw ]n-Sn-

\-Â-In A-£-cmÀ-°-¯n-Â B-ß-

l-Xy X-s¶ \-S-¯m-dp|v F-¶

hn-h-cw P-b-́ n än.än sh-fn-s -̧Sp-̄ n.

hy-Xy-Ø-§-fpw kzm-Zn-jv-S-hp-

am-b A-]qÀ-Æ C-\-¯n-Â-s¸-Sp-¶

A-t\-Iw a-Õy-§Ä tI-c-f-¯n-se

]p-g-I-fn-epw \-Zn-I-fn-epw D|m-bn-

cp-¶p. C-¶v A-h-bn-Â an-¡-Xn-\ pw

hw-i-\m-iw kw-`-hn-¨v I-gn-ªn-cn-

¡p-¶p. a-äv Nn-e-h hw-i-\m-i-¯n-

sâ h-¡n-epw sN-s¶-̄ n-bn-cn-¡p-I-

bm-Wv. C-¯-cw {]-h-W-X Xp-SÀ-¶v

t] m-hp-I-bm-sW-¦n-Â \-½p-sS \m-Sn-

sâ X-\-Xm-b DÄ-\m-S³ a-Õy-k-

¼-¯v hn-kv-ar-Xn-bn-em|p-t]m-Ipw

F-¶-Xn-\v kw-i-b-an-Ã.

C -¯ - c w ` o -j -W n - I - s f

F-§-s\ ^-e-{]-Z-am-bn t\-cn-Smw

F-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨v Nn-ń-t¡|-Xn-

sâ-bpw {]-hÀ-¯n-t¡|-Xn-sâ-bpw

k-a-bw A-Xn-{I-an-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.

a-Õy-k-¼-¯v \n-e-\nÀ-¯p-¶-Xn-\v

A-Sn-b-́ n-c-am-bn sN-¿m³ I-gn-bp-¶-

Xv a-Õy-§-sf {]-P-\-\w \-S-̄ p-¶-

Xn-\v A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-I F-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv.

k-ap-{Z-̄ n-se a-Õy-§-sf {]-P-\-\-

¯n-\pw h-f-cp-¶-Xn-\pw A-h-k-cw H-cp-

¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn t{Sm-fnw-Kv \n-tcm-[-\w

GÀ-s -̧Sp-̄ p-¶-Xv t]m-se a-g-¡m-e

h-b-Â/tXm-Sv a-Õy-_-Ô-\w \n-b-aw

aqew \n-tcm-[n-t¡|-Xm-Wv. X-t±-i

kz-bw-̀ -c-W Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡v ̂ -e-{]-

Z-am-bn ta-Â-̧ -d-ª {]-{In-b \-S-̧ n-em-

¡m³ I-gn-bp-¶-Xm-Wv.

Ip-Spw-_-{io A-b-Â-¡q-«-§Ä

Xp-S-§n-b kz-bw k-lm-b kw-L-

§Ä-¡v A-Sn-Øm-\ X-e-¯n-Â

C-Xv P-\-Io-b-am-bn-¯-s¶ \-S-¸n-

em-¡m³ km-[n-¡pw.

X-t±-i-kz-bw `-c-W Øm-]-

\-§-fn-se {Km-a-k-`-I-fn-Â A-\n-

b-{ń-X-am-b a-g-¡m-e h-b-Â /

tXm-Sv a-Õy-_-Ô-\-§-fp-sS tZm-j

^-e-§-sf-¸-än s]m-Xp-P-\-§Ä-¡v

t_m-[-h-Â-¡-c-Ww \-S-̄ n C-̄ -cw

{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fn-Â GÀ-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-

¶-h-sc ]n³-Xn-cn-¸n-¡m³ I-gn-bpw.

^n-j-do-kv h-Ip-¸n-se a-Õy

{]-P-\-\-hn-Z-Kv-[-cp-sS-bpw a-äv km-t¦-

Xn-I hn-Z-Kv-[-cp-sS-bpw tk-h-\-§Ä

X-t±-i-kz-bw `-c-W Øm-]-\-§Ä-

¡v G-Xv k-a-b-¯pw e-`y-am-¡p-¶-

Xn-\p-Å kw-hn-[m-\w D|m-I-Ww.

k-ap-{Z-¯n-se a-Õy-k-¼-¯v

K-Wy-am-b tXm-Xn-Â A-an-X Nq-

j-W-§Ä-¡v hn-t[-b-am-Ip-¶-Xn-

\m-Â k-ap-{Z a-Õy-§-fp-sS e-`y-X

Ip-d-bp-I-bpw hn-e h³ tXm-Xn-Â

hÀ-²n-¡p-I-bpw sN-bv -Xn -«p|v.

km-[m-c-W P-\-§-fp-sS `-£-W

{I-a-¯n-Â a-Õyw H-cp A-]qÀ-Æ

hn-`-h-am-bn am-dn sIm|n-cn-¡p-I-

bm-Wv . k-ap-{Z a-Õy-§-fp-sS ̀ m-hn

H-«pw X-s¶ tim-`-\-a-Ã. A-h-bp-sS

kw-c-£-W \n-b-{´-W am-\-Z-Þ-

§Ä kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\v D|m-b

Im-e-Xm-a-Ê-am-Wv {]-[m-\ Im-c-W-

am-bn Nq|n-¡m-Wn-¡p-hm³ I-gn-bp-

¶-Xv. DÄ-\m-S³ a-Õy-kw-c-£-W

hn-j-b-¯n-epw \mw A-ew-`m-hw

Xp-S-cp-I-bm-sW-¦n-Â h-cpw Im-e-

§-fn-Â hy-Xy-Ø-§-fm-b \-½p-sS

DÄ-\m-S³ a-Õy-k-¼-¯v Nn-{X-§-

fn-epw A-£-c-§-fn-ep-am-bn am-{Xw

A-h-ti-jn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.

teJ-I³ ]-©mb-¯v h-Ip-¸nÂ

A-kn-Ìâ v sk-{I-«-dn-bmWv

km-[m-c-W P-\-§-fp-sS ̀ -£-W {I-a-̄ n-Â a-Õyw H-cp A-]qÀ-Æ hn-̀ -h-am-bn am-dn sIm≠n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv . k-ap-{Z a-Õy-§-fp-sS ̀ m-hn H-«pw X-s¶ tim-̀ -\-a-Ã. A-h-bp-sS kw-c-£-W \n-b-{ -́W am-\-Z-Þ-§Ä kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\v D≠m-b Im-e-Xm-a-Ê-am-Wv {]-[m-\ Im-c-W-am-bn Nq≠n-¡m-Wn-¡p-hm³ I-gn-bp-¶-Xv. DÄ-\m-S³ a-Õy-kw-c-£-W hn-j-b-¯n-epw \mw A-ew-`m-hw Xp-S-cp-I-bm-sW-¦n-Â h-cpw Im-e-§-fn-Â hy-Xy-Ø-§-fm-b \-½p-sS DÄ-\m-S³ a-Õy-k-¼-¯v Nn-{X-§-fn-epw A-£-c-§-fn-ep-am-bn am-{Xw A-h-ti-jn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.



-K-c-§-fpw \-K-c-kz-`m-h-amÀ-

Ön-¨v {Km-a-§-fpw A-\p-`-hn-

¡p-¶ G-ä-hpw h-en-b {]-iv-\w

am-en-\yw X-s¶-bm-Wv. a-g-sb-¯p-

¶-tXm-sS C-Xp-bÀ-¯p-¶-Xv h-en-b

sh-Ãp-hn-fn-I-fm-Wv. B-tcm-Ky-hpw

k-t´m-j-hpw sF-iz-cy-]qÀ-W-hp-

am-b Po-hn-X-km-l-N-cyw H-cp-¡p-

¶-XnÂ ip-Nn-Xz-¯n-\v {]-[m-\-am-b

]-¦p|v. ip-Nn-Xz io-e-§-fnÂ P-\-

X-bp-sS Po-hn-X-co-Xn-bpw kw-kv-Im-

c-hpw \n-g-en-¡p-¶-Xm-bn Im-Wmw.

hy-àn-ip-Nn-Xzw, Kr-l-ip-Nn-Xzw,

]-cn-k-c ip-Nn-Xzw, J-c-am-en-\y ]-cn-

] m-e-\w, {Z-hy-am-en-\y-]-cn-]m-e-\w,

kp-c-£n-X-am-b Ip-Sn-sh-Å-e-`y-X

Xp-S-§n-b-h-sbm-s¡ ip-Nn-Xz-]qÀ-®-

am-b Po-hn-X-̄ n-sâ L-S-I-§-fm-Wv.

a-e-bm-fn-IÄ s]m-Xp-th hy-àn,

Kr-l-ip-Nn-Xz-§-fnÂ IÀ-¡-i-am-b

Nn-«-IÄ ]m-en-¡p-t¼mÄ a-äp-Å-

h-bnÂ th|-{X {i-² Im-Wn-¡m-

dn-Ã. B-tcm-Ky-]-cn-]m-e-\-cw-K-¯v

hÀ-j-§-fm-bp-Å ]-cn-{i-a-̄ n-eq-sS

hn-hn-[ X-cw ]-IÀ-¨-hym-[n-I-sf

C-Ãm-Xm-¡m-t\m H-cp ]-cn-[n h-sc

\n-b-{ń-¡m-t\m \-ap-¡v km-[n-¨p.

C-Xn-eq-sS \mw C-ý³ kw-Øm-

\-§-fnÂ ap-¶n-ep-am-Wv. F-¶mÂ

]-cn-k-c-ip-Nn-Xz-¯nÂ \mw a-Xn-

cy-§-fnÂ F-Sp-t¡| {i-²-bn-se

ho-gv-N a-e-bm-fn-¡v A-{X-sbm-¶pw

]-cn-Nn-X-a-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶ ]-e tcm-K-

§-sf-bpw s]m-Xp NÀ-¨-I-fn-te-¡v

sIm-s|-¯n-¨n-«p|v.

am -en -\y ]-cn -]m-e-\-¯nÂ

tI-c-fw t\-cn-Sp-¶-Xv h-en-b {]-iv-

\-§-fm-Wv.

P-\-km-{µ-X

P-\-km-{µ-X-bnÂ h-f-sc ap-

¶nÂ \nÂ-¡p-¶ kw-Øm-\-§-fn-

sem-¶m-Wv tI-c-fw. am-en-\y kw-

kv-I-c-W-¯nÂ C-Xv {]-Xn-k-Ôn

kr-jv-Sn-¡p-¶p. {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn

sN-e-hn-s\ \ym-bo-I-cn-¡m-hp-¶-Xpw

Iq-Sp-XÂ ku-I-cy-{]-Z-hp-am-b hn-[-

¯nÂ tI-{µo-Ir-X-am-b co-Xn-bnÂ

am-en-\y-kw-kv-I-c-Ww km-[y-am-¡p-

¶-XnÂ C-Xp-bÀ-̄ p-¶ {]-Xn-k-Ôn

\n-km-c-a-Ã. P-\-§Ä h-kn-¡p-¶

\

hn-\p F.

bm-b {i-² ]-Xn-¸n-¡p-¶n-sÃ-¦nÂ

]-IÀ-¨-hym-[n-I-sf \mw Xn-cn-sI

sIm|p-h-cn-I-bm-hpw sN-¿p-I.

]-cn-k-c ip-Nn-Xz-¯n-\v ]-IÀ-

-̈hym-[n-IÄ-s¡-Xn-cm-b {]-Xn-tcm-[

{]-hÀ-¯-\-¯nÂ {]-[m-\-s¸-«

]-¦m-Wp-Å-Xv. k-ao-]-Im-e-¯m-bn

\-½p-sS \m-«nÂ h-en-b {]-iv-\-§Ä

kr-jv-Sn-¨p-sIm|n-cn-¡p-¶ F-en-

¸-\n, sU-¦n-¸-\n, Nn-¡p³-Kp-\n-b,

a-e-¼-\n Xp-S-§n-b tcm-K-§Ä

]-SÀ-¶p-]n-Sn-¡m-\p-Å Im-c-Ww ip-

Nn-Xz-¯n-ep|m-b ho-gv-N-aq-e-am-Wv.

{]-[m-\-am-bpw {]-iv-\-]qÀ-W-am-Ip-¶

km-l-N-cy-§-fnÂ \-ap-¡v \n-b-{ń-

¡m-\m-hm-¯ hn-[-¯n-te-¡v Im-cy-

§-Ä am-dn-t]m-Ip-¶-Xm-Wv tcm-K-§-

fp-sS h-en-b kw-Jy-I-sf kr-jv-Sn-

¡p-¶-sX-¶v ]-d-bmw. A-Sp-¯-Im-e-

¯p|m-bn-«p-Å ]-IÀ-¨-hym-[n-IÄ

am-en-\y-kw-kv-I-c-W ta-J-e-bn-se

A-]-cym-]v-X-bn-te-¡m-Wv hn-cÂ

Nq|p-¶-Xv. am-en-\y ]-cn-] m-e-\ Im-


Ø-e-§-fnÂ B-h-iy-am-b Ø-ew

C-¯-cw kw-cw-`-§Ä-¡v I-s|-

¯p-hm³ km-[n-¡m-sX t]m-Ip-¶p.

A-Xp-sIm|p-X-s¶ hn-tI-{µo-Ir-X

am-en-\y-kw-kv-I-c-W-sa-¶ B-i-

b-s¯ D-]-bp-à-am-¡m³ \mw ]-cn-

{i-an-t¡|n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.

F-¶mÂ i-cm-i-cn N-Xp-c-{i-

In-tem-ao-ädnÂ 859 t]À A-[n-h-kn-

¡p-¶ H-cp kw-Øm-\-̄ v h-en-b am-

en-\y-\n-t£-]-s¯ F-§-s\ ]-cn

-] m-en-¡-s -̧Sp-sa-¶ tNm-Zyw {]-[m-\-

am-Wv. B-e-¸p-g, Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw

Pn-Ã-I-fnÂ C-Xv 1250\v ap-I-fn-em-Wv.

tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv, a-e-¸p-dw, F-d-Wm-

Ip-fw, sIm-Ãw Pn-Ã-I-fnÂ 1000\ pw

1249-\p-an-S-bn-em-Wv P-\-km-{µ-X.

Po-hn-X km-l-N-cy-§-fn-ep|m-b

am-ä-hpw am-en-\y-kw-kv-I-c-W-¯nÂ

{]-iv -\-§Ä kr-jv -Sn -¡p-¶p|v.

km-[-\-§-fp-sS hÀ-²n-¨p-h-cp-¶

hm-§n-¡q-«Â ]-cn-jv-Ir-X k-aq-l-

¯n-sâ F-fp-̧ -ap-Å Po-hn-X-̄ n-sâ

`m-K-am-Ip-t¼mÄ X-s¶ A-{X-tb-sd

{]-iv-\-§-fpw Iq-sS sIm|p-h-cp-¶p.

hn-e-¡p-d-hpw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡m-\p-Å

ku-I-cy-hpw aq-ew b-tY-jv-Sw hm-

§n-¡q-«p-¶-h-bn-sem-¶m-Wv ¹m-Ìn-

Iv k-©n-IÄ. ]-e \n-b-{´-W-§-

fpw Cu Im-cy-¯nÂ D|m-¡n-bn-

«p-s|-¦n-epw A-h ]m-en-¡p-hm³

]-e-t¸m-gpw \mw X-¿m-dm-hp-¶n-Ã.

D-]-tbm-K-ti-jw h-en-s¨-dn-bp-¶

C-h a-®nÂ e-bn-¨p-t¨-cm-sX am-en-

\y-kw-kv-I-c-W-s¯ k-¦o-À-W-am-b

{]-hr-̄ n-bm-¡n-am-äp-¶p. {]-Ir-Xn-bp-

sS ss\-kÀ-Kn-I-am-b {]-Xn-tcm-[

{]-hÀ-¯-\-s¯ C-Xv Xp-c-¦w sh-

¡p-I-bpw A-]-I-S-Im-cn-I-fm-b Po-h-

Pm-e-§-fp-sS s]-cp-¸-s¯ \n-b-{´n-

¡m³ km-[n-¡m-sX t]m-Ip-I-bpw

sN-¿p-¶p.

a-\p-jy hn-kÀ-Öy \nÀ-½mÀ-Ö-\w

tcm-K-§Ä X-S-bp-¶-Xn-\pw

B-tcm-Ky-I-c-am-b Po-hn-X ]-cn-

X-Øn-Xn H-cp -¡p-¶-Xn-\p-am-bn

a-\p-jy hn-kÀ-Öy-kw-kv-I-c-Ww

Ir-Xy-X-tbm-sS sN-¿p-hm³ km-[n-

¡-Ww. \n-e-hnÂ tI-c-f-¯nÂ 99

i-X-am-\w Ip-Spw-_-§Ä-¡pw tSm-

bv-e-äv ku-I-cyw e-`y-am-Ip-¶p|v.

cm-Py-s¯ i-cm-i-cn-tb-¡mÄ h-en-b

t\-«w C-¡m-cy-¯nÂ \-ap-¡v ssI-

h-cn-¡m³ I-gn-ªn-«p|v. Xp-d-km-b

Ø-e-§-fnÂ a-e-hn -kÀ-Ö-\w

\-S-¯p-¶-Xv G-sd Ip-sd A-]-cn-Nn-

X-Im-gv-N-bm-bn tI-c-f-̄ nÂ am-dn-bn-

«p|v. F-¦n-epw I-SÂ-Xo-c-§-fn-epw

P-em-i-b-§-tfm-Sv tNÀ-¶pw C-Xv

sN-dn-b tXm-Xn-se-¦n-epw \-S-¡p-

¶p-s|-¶Xv X-Ån-¡-f-bm³ km-

[n-¡n-Ã. am-{X-a-Ã, Im-b-en-te-¡pw

]p-g-I-fn-te-¡pw tXm-Sp-I-fn-te-¡pw

I-¡q-kv am-en-\y-§Ä H-gp-¡n-hn-

Sp-¶ Im-gv-N-IÄ C-t¸m-gpw k-Po-

h-am-bn X-s¶ ]-e-bn-S-§-fn-epw

Im-Wm³ km-[n-¡pw.

tI-c -f -¯nÂ G-sd -¡p -sd

CtSm-bv-e-äv ku-I-cyw Im-cy-£-a-am-

¡m-\pw F-Ãm-hÀ-¡pw e-`y-am-Ip-¶

hn-[-̄ nÂ a-Xn-bm-b ku-I-cy-§Ä

GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯m-\pw kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ

hn-hn-[ ]-²-Xn-I-fn-eq-sS km-[n-¨n-

«p|v. F-¶mÂ `q-an-bn-Ãm-¯-hÀ-

¡pw ]-cn-an-X-am-bn `q-an-bp-Å-hÀ-

¡pw sh-Å-s¡-«p-IÄ D-Å {]-tZ-

i-§-fnÂ Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡pw

] m-d-s¡-«p-IÄ D-Å Ø-e-§-fnÂ

Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡pw a-Xn-bm-b

ku-I-cyw GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ km-

t¦-Xn-I-am-bpw km-aq-ly-am-bp-ap-Å

A-t\-Iw {]-iv-\-§Ä \n-e-\nÂ-¡p-

¶p. C-¯-cw {]-tZ-i-§Ä-¡p-X-

Ip-¶ hn-[-¯nÂ s]m-Xp-ip-Nn-Xz

ku-I-cy-§Ä {]-hÀ-¯n-¸n-¡p-hm-

\p-Å km-[y-X-sb Ip-dn-¨v Nn-´n-

¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. kv-Iq-fp-I-fn-epw

Aw-K³-hm-Sn-I-fn-epw a-Xn-bm-b tSm-

bv-e-äv ku-I-cyw e-̀ y-am-Ip-¶p-t|m-

sb-¶-Xpw ]-cn-tim-[n-t¡|-Xm-Wv.

Po-hn-X km-l-N-cy-§-fn-ep≠m-b am-ä-hpw am-en-\y-kw-kv-I-c-W-¯nÂ {]-iv-\-§Ä kr-jv-Sn-¡p-¶p≠v. km-[-\-§-fp-sS hÀ-²n-¨p-h-cp-¶ hm-§n-¡q-«Â ]-cn-jv-Ir-X k-aq-l-¯n-sâ F-fp-¸-ap-Å Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ `m-K-am-Ip-t¼mÄ X-s¶ A-{X-tb-sd {]-iv-\-§-fpw Iq-sS sIm≠p-h-cp-¶p. hn-e-¡p-d-hpw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡m-\p-Å ku-I-cy-hpw aq-ew b-tY-jv-Sw hm-§n-¡q-«p-¶-h-bn-sem-¶m-Wv ¹m-Ìn-Iv k-©n-IÄ. ]-e \n-b-{ -́W-§-fpw Cu Im-cy-̄ nÂ D≠m-¡n-bn-«p-s≠-¦n-epw A-h ]m-en-¡p-hm³ ]-e-t¸m-gpw \mw X-¿m-dm-hp-¶n-Ã.


J-c-am-en-\y \nÀ-½mÀ-Ö-\w

{Km-a-þ-\-K-c hy-Xym-k-an-Ãm-sX

C-¶v tI-c-fw t\-cn-Sp-¶ hn-j-b-am-

Wv J-c-am-en-\y \nÀ-amÀ-Ö-\w. H-cp

Im-e-̄ v tI-c-f-̄ n-se ho-Sp-I-fn-se

J-c-am-en-\y-§Ä A-Xm-Xp ho-Sp-I-

fnÂ X-s¶ e-fn-X-am-bn ssI-Im-cyw

sN-¿m³ km-[n-¨p-sh-¦nÂ C-¶v

h-en-b _m-[y-X-bm-bn \-ap-¡v ap-

¶nÂ \nÂ-¡p-I-bm-Wv. ]-cn-Øn-Xn-

¡v tZm-jw sN-¿m-¯ hn-[-¯nÂ

am-en-\y-§-sf D-d-hn-S-§-fnÂ X-s¶

]-cn-]m-en-¡p-¶ co-Xn-sb-bm-Wv

C-t¸mÄ \mw Iq-Sp-X-em-bn kzm-K-

Xw sN-¿p-¶-Xv. J-c-am-en-\y-¯n-sâ

Im-cy-¯nÂ \-S-¯n-b ]T-\-§-fnÂ

Im-Wp-¶-Xv tI-c-f-¯n-se 60 i-X-

am-\w J-c-am-en-\y-§-fpw ho-Sp-I-fp-

sS kw-`m-h-\-bm-sW-¶m-Wv. \-K-c-

§-fnÂ B-tfm-l-cn {]-Xn-Zn-\w 400

{Km-apw {Km-a-§-fnÂ 250 {Km-ap-am-Wv

J-c-am-en-\yw ]p-d-̄ p-hn-S-s -̧Sp-¶-Xv.

A-Xm-b-Xv \m-ep-t]À A-S-§p-¶ Ip-

Spw-_-̄ nÂ \n-¶pw H-cp In-tem-{Kmw

ap-XÂ 1.600 In-tem-{Kmw h-sc am-en-\

yw {]-Xn-Zn-\w D|m-Ip-¶p-sh-¶m-Wv.

A-Xm-b-Xv H-cp am-kw sIm|v C-Xv

A-¼-Xv In-tem-{Km-tam-fw B-hpw.

C-{X-bpw `m-cn-¨ _m-[y-X-sb

\mw F-§-s\-bm-Wv t\-cn-Sp-I? tI-

{µo-Ir-X kw-kv-I-c-Ww P-\-km-{µ-X

Iq-Sn-b {]-tZ-i-¯p-Å tI-c-f-¯n-\v

^-e-{]-Z-a-Ã. D-d-hn-S-§-fnÂ X-s¶

A-h-sb \nÀ-½mÀ-Ö-\w sN-¿p-

hm³ km-[n-¡p-¶ hn-[-¯n-ep-Å

]-²-Xn-IÄ-¡m-Wv A-Xp-sIm|p

X-s¶ ap³-Xq-¡w \Â-tI|-Xv. J-c-

am-en-\y-s¯ th-K-¯nÂ No-ª-

fn-bp-¶ am-en-\y-§-sf-¶pw ssP-h-

PoÀ-Ww \-S-¡m-¯ am-en-\y-§-sf-

¶pw X-cw Xn-cn-¨p-sIm|v th-Ww

kw-kv-I-cn-¡m³. A-Ãm-¯ ]-£w

C-h Iq-Sn-t¨À-¶v In-S-¡p-¶-Xn-eq-sS

kw-kv-I-c-W {]-{In-b Ir-Xy-am-bn

\-S-¡m-sX h-cpw. ho-Sp-I-fnÂ Ø-e-

¯n-sâ e-`y-X A-\p-k-cn-¨v I-t¼m-

Ìnw-Kv co-Xn-IÄ A-h-ew-_n-¡m-

hp-¶-Xm-Wv. a-®n-c I-t¼m-Ìnw-Kv

co-Xn, ¹m-Ìn-Iv/ N-«n-IÄ sIm|p-Å

_n-¶p-I-fnÂ am-en-\ yw kw-kv-I-cn-

¡p-¶ co-Xn, _-tbm-Kym-kv ¹mâ v

Xp-S-§n-b hn-hn-[ amÀ-K-§Ä C-¡m-

cy-¯nÂ A-\p-hÀ-¯n-¡m-hp-¶-

Xm-Wv. A-Xm-b-Xv am-en-\y-sa-¶

_m-[y-X-sb ] p-Xn-b X-c-¯n-te-¡v

am-än D-]-tbm-Kn-¡m-\m-hp-¶ hn-

[-¯n-ep-Å km-t¦-Xn-I-hn-Zy-IÄ

C-t¸mÄ e-`y-am-Wv.

A-d-hp-im-e-IÄ, a-Õy-þ-amw-

kym-Zn hn-]-W-\-tI-{µ-§Ä Xp-S-

§n-b-h C-t¸m-gpw th|-{X ip-Nn-

Xz-ku-I-cy-§-tfm-sS {]-hÀ-¯n-

¡p-¶p-sh-¶v ]-d-bm³ km-[n-¡n-Ã.

a-Õy-þ-amw-km-Zn-I-fp-sS D-]-tbm-K-

¯nÂ h-¶ hÀ-²-\-s¡m-¸w A-h-

bp-sS ]-cn-]m-e-\-¯nÂ a-Xn-bm-b

{I-ao-I-c-W-§Ä H-cp-¡p-¶-XnÂ

ho-gv-N h-¶n-«p|v. F-¦n-epw hn-hn-[

tI-{µ-§-fnÂ \-Ã \n-e-bnÂ X-s¶

_-tbm-Kym-kv ¹mâp-IÄ Xp-S-§n-b

kw-hn-[m-\-§Ä H-cp-¡n-s¡m|v

]-cn-]m-e-\-¯nÂ a-Xn-bm-b {I-ao-

I-c-W-§Ä H-cp-¡p-¶-XnÂ ho-gv-N

h-¶n-«p|v. F-¦n-epw hn-hn-[ tI-

{µ-§-fnÂ \-Ã \n-e-bnÂ X-s¶

_-tbm-Kym-kv hym-]m-cn-I-fp-sS-bpw

X-t±-i-kz-bw-`-c-W Øm-]-\-§-fp-

sS ]-¦m-fn-̄ -̄ n-eq-sS Ir-Xy-am-bn

]-²-Xn-IÄ X-¿m-dm-¡n-s¡m|v

C-¯-c-¯n-ep-Å am-en-\y-§-fp-sS

{]-iv-\-s¯ \-ap-¡v ]-cn-l-cn-¡m³

km-[n-¡pw. B-[p-\n-I co-Xn-bn-

ep-Å A-d-hp-im-e-I-sf hym-]n-¸n-

¨p-sIm|v ]-c-¼-cm-K-X-am-b ssi-

en-bn-ep-Å am-en-\y-`m-cw Iq-Sp-X-

ep-Å-h-sb C-Ãm-Xm-¡n-s¡m|v

ap-t¶-dm³ km-[n-¡-Ww.

{Z-hy-am-en-\y \nÀ-amÀ-Ö-\w

a-en-\-P-ew h-en-b {]-iv-\-§-

fm-Wv D|m-¡p-¶-Xv. ]-e-t¸m-gpw

C-h-bp-sS A-h-Ø ]-g-¡w sN-

¶-Xpw X-IÀ-¶-tXm B-b \n-e-bn-

ep-Å \n-À¤-a-\-]m-X-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv

H-gp-Ip-¶-Xv. C-h A-S-bp-I-tbm

sh-Åw sI-«n In-S-¡p-I-tbm sN-

¿p-t¼mÄ sIm-Xp-Ip-I-fp-sS {]-[m-

\ tI-{µ-am-bn am-dp-I-bpw tcm-K-

§-fp-sS Xp-S-¡-am-bn am-dp-I-bpw

sN-¿p-¶p. A-gp-¡p-NmÂ \nÀ-am-W-

¯n-epw ]-cn-] m-e-\-̄ n-epw ] n-¶nÂ

\ nÂ-¡p-¶ kw-Øm-\-am-Wv tI-c-fw.

Nn-e {]-[m-\ \-K-c-§-fnÂ am-{X-am-Wv

kzo-th-Pv kw-kv-I-c-W-im-e-IÄ D-Å-

Xv. a-än-S-§-fn-se-Ãmw A-gp-¡p-Nm-ep-I-

fn-eq-sS H-gp-In-t] m-Ip-¶-Xv Xn-cn-sI

tcm-K-am-bn X-s¶ h-cn-I-bm-sW-¶-

Xm-Wv bm-YmÀ-°yw.

a-g-¡m-e-sa-¯p-¶-tXm-sS Cu

am-en-\y-§-sfm-s¡-bpw h-en-b {]-iv-

\-am-bn I-S-¶p-h-cp-sa-¶-Xv XoÀ-¨-

bm-Wv. C-h-sb \n-b-{´-W-hn-t[-b-

am-¡m³ km-[n-¡p-¶n-Ãm-sb-¦nÂ

Zp-cn-X-̄ n-sâ \m-fp-I-fm-hpw \-ap-¡v

ap-¶n-se-¯p-I. {]m-tZ-in-I-am-bn

X-s¶ ]-cn-k-c-ip-Nn-Xz-¯n-\v Du-

¶Â \Â-In-sIm|p-Å {]-hÀ-¯-

\-§Ä B-kq-{X-Ww sN-¿p-I-bpw

a-Xn-bm-b hn-[-¯nÂ ]-²-Xn-IÄ

\-S-¸n-em-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿-Ww. F-Ãm

X-t±-i-kz-bw `-c-W-Øm-]-\-§-fn-

epw a-g-¡m-e-¯n-\v ap-¼v X-s¶

hmÀ-Up-X-e-¯n-ep-Å ip-No-I-c-W

{]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä \-S-¶p-sh-¶v D-d-

¸p-h-cp-¯-Ww. k-¶-² kw-L-S-\-

IÄ, {K-Ù-im-e-IÄ, kv-Iq-fp-IÄ,

Ip-Spw-_-{io Xp-S-§n-b hn-hn-[

ta-J-e-I-fn-se {]-hÀ-̄ -I-sc ]-s¦-

Sp-¸n-¨p-sIm|v k-a-{K-am-b hn-[-

¯nÂ Cu Im-¼-bn³ {]-hÀ-¯-\w

\-S-¯m³ km-[n-¨mÂ A-Xv h-en-b

t\-«-am-bn-cn-¡pw.

{Km-a-þ-\-K-c hy-Xym-k-an-Ãm-sX C-¶v tI-c-fw t\-cn-Sp-¶ hn-j-b-am-Wv J-c-am-en-\y \nÀ-amÀ-Ö-\w. H-cp Im-e-̄ v tI-c-f-̄ n-se ho-Sp-I-fn-se J-c-am-en-\y-§Ä A-Xm-Xp ho-Sp-I-fnÂ X-s¶ e-fn-X-am-bn ssI-Im-cyw sN-¿m³ km-[n-¨p-sh-¦nÂ C-¶v h-en-b _m-[y-X-bm-bn \-ap-¡v ap-¶nÂ \nÂ-¡p-I-bm-Wv. ]-cn-Øn-Xn-¡v tZm-jw sN-¿m-̄ hn-[-̄ nÂ am-en-\y-§-sf D-d-hn-S-§-fnÂ X-s¶ ]-cn-]m-en-¡p-¶ co-Xn-sb-bm-Wv C-t¸mÄ \mw Iq-Sp-X-em-bn kzm-K-Xw sN-¿p-¶-Xv.

u


tI-c-f-̄ n-se Pn-Ã-I-fn-se {Km-

a-]-©m-b-¯v i-cm-i-cn P-\-kw-Jy-

bp-sS Im-cy-¯n-epw h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw

A-´-cw \n-e-\nÂ-¡p-¶p|v. C-Sp-

¡n Pn-Ã-bn-se {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-

I-fp-sS i-cm-i-cn P-\-kw-Jy 19927

B-Ip-t¼mÄ a-e-¸p-dw Pn-Ã-bn-se

{Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-I-fp-sS i-cm-i-cn

P-\-kw-Jy 36606 B-Wv.

ae¸pdw Pn-Ã-bn-se {Km-a-]-

©m-b-¯p-I-fp-sS i-cm-i-cn hmÀ-Uv

P-\-kw-Jy 1925 B-b-t¸mÄ C-Sp-¡n

Pn-Ã-bnÂ 1297 BWv. hmÀ-Uv P-\-

kw-Jy G-ä-hpw Ip-d-hv ]-¯-\w-Xn-«

Pn-Ã-bn-epw Iq-Sp-XÂ a-e-¸p-dw Pn-Ã-

bn-ep-am-Wv.

tI-c-f-¯n-se {Km-a-]-©m-b-

¯p-I-fp-sS Ø-e hn-kv-Xr-Xn-bpw

P-\-kw-Jy-bpw h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw Iq-Sp-

X-em-Wv. P-\-kw-Jy Iq-Sn-b {Km-a-]-

©m-b-¯p-I-sf ]p-\x-kw-hn-[m-\w

sN-t¿|-Xp|v. {Km-a -]-©m-b-

¯p-I-fp-sS tk-h-\w s]m-Xp-P-

\-§-fp-sS A-h-Im-i-am-Wv. C-Xv

^-e-{]-Z-am-bpw Im-cy-£-a-am-bpw

\Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\v {Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ p-IÄ-

¡v ssI-Im-cyw sN-¿p-hm³ I-gn-bp-¶

P-\-kw-Jy am-{X-sa D|m-Im-hq.

Aim-kv - {Xo -b-am -b bm-sXm-cp

I-W-¡p-Iq-«-en-sâ-bpw A-Sn-Øm-

\-anÃmsX Xo-cp-am-\n-¡-s -̧« hn-tÃ-

Pp-I-sf A-Sn-Øm--\am-¡n B-I-cp-Xv

{Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ p-I-fp-sS cq-] o-I-c-Ww.

tI-c-f-̄ n-se {Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ p-I-sf

2011 sk³-k-kn-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\-

¯nÂ ]p-\x-kw-hn-[m-\w \-S-t¯|-

Xv A-Xy-́ m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv.

Pn-Ãm ]-©m-b-¯p-X-e P-\-kw-Jy

Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw 29125

sIm-Ãw 31465

]-¯-\w-Xn-« 19957

B-e-¸p-g 24507

tIm-«-bw 23878

C-Sp-¡n 19927

F-d-Wm-Ip-fw 29014

Xr-iqÀ 28109

]m-e-¡m-Sv 26014

a-e-¸p-dw 36606

tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv 33434

h-b-\m-Sv 31434

I-®qÀ 26513

Im-kÀ-tIm-Sv 31048

kw-Øm-\ i-cm-i-cn 28360

]-«n-I þ \m-evi-cm-i-cn {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-X-e P-\-kw-Jy

hn-hn-[ Pn-Ã-I-fnÂ þ 2011

t{im-X-kv : 2011 sk³-k-knÂ \n-¶pw te-J-I³

I-W-¡m-¡n-b-Xv.

Pn-Ã {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-I-fp-sS B-sI Pn-Ã P-\-kw-Jy

hmÀ-Up-IÄ i-cm-i-cn hmÀ-Uv P-\-kw-Jy

Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw 2126166 1299 1637

sIm-Ãw 2202598 1274 1729

]-¯-\w-Xn-« 1077693 811 1329

B-e-¸p-g 1789058 1186 1508

tIm-«-bw 1743137 1180 1477

C-Sp-¡n 1056182 814 1297

F-d-Wm-Ip-fw 2437224 1369 1780

Xr-iqÀ 2473624 1501 1648

]m-e-¡m-Sv 2549356 1542 1653

a-e-¸p-dw 3660692 1902 1925

tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv 2507565 1335 1878

h-b-\m-Sv 785840 459 1712

I-®qÀ 2147551 1345 1597

Im-kÀ-tIm-Sv 1179861 663 1779

]-«n-I þ A-©v hmÀ-Up-X-e P-\-kw-Jy þ hn-hn-[ Pn-Ã-I-fnÂ

t{im-X-kv: sk³-k-kv 2011 dn-t¸mÀ-«v, kw-Øm-\ sX-c-sª-Sp-¸v I-½o-j³ I-W-¡p-IÄ

F-¶n-h-bnÂ \n-¶pw te-J-I³ I-W-¡m-¡n-b-Xv.

23þmw t]-PnÂ \n¶pw Xp-SÀ¨

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-Iy-cm-jv-{S-k-` 2011 þ2020

tdm-Up-kp-c-£m Z-i-I-am-bn

{]-Jym-]n-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.

B-tKm-f B-tcm-Ky -ta-J-e-bnÂ tdm-

Uv A-]-I-S-§-fp|m-¡p-¶ Kp-cp-X-c-

am-b B-Lm-X-§Ä Xn-cn-¨-dn-bp-I,

tdm-Up kp-c-£-bv-¡p-Å \-S-]-Sn-

IÄ kzo-I-cn-¡p-I, tdm-Uv A-]-I-

S-§-fnÂ kw-`-hn-¡p-¶ a-c-W-¯n-

sâ \n-c-¡v Cu Im-e-L-«-¯nÂ

t\À ]-Ip-Xn-bm-¡n Ip-d-bv-¡p-I

Xp-S-§n-b e-£y-§-fm-Wv {]-Jym-

]-\-¯n-\p ]n-¶nÂ. A-´m-cm-jv-{S

tdm-Uv s^-U-td-j-sâ sN-bÀ-am³

sI-sI I-]n-e-bp-sS A-`n-{]m-b-

¯nÂ B-tKm-f-X-e-¯nÂ Hm-tcm

hÀ-j-hpw 1.2 Z-i-e-£w B-fp-IÄ

tdm-Uv A-]-I-S-§-fnÂ a-cn-¡p-¶p.

Iq-Sm-sX 50 Z-i-e-£w t]À-¡v ]-cn-

¡v GÂ-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶p. 1.2 {Sn-

ey¬ A-ta-cn-¡³ tUm-f-dm-Wv Cu

A-]-I-S-§Ä aq-ew kw-`-hn-¡p-¶

[-\-\-jv-Sw. tem-Im-tcm-Ky kw-L-S-

\-bp-sS A-̀ n-{]m-b-̄ nÂ i-à-am-b

\-S-]-Sn-IÄ kzo-I-cn-¡m-¯ ]-£w

2030 B-Ip-t¼m-tg-bv-¡pw tem-I-

¯nÂ a-\p-jyÀ a-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å

A-©m-a-s¯ -Im-c-W-am-bn tdm-Uv

A-]-I-S-§-fnÂ kw-`-hn-¡p-¶ am-c-

I-ap-dn-hp-IÄ am-dn-tb-¡mw. A-Xn-

th-Kw h-f-cp-¶ \-K-c-h-Xv-¡-c-W-hpw

s]-cp-Ip-¶ hm-l-\-§-fpw tdm-Up-I-

fn-se kp-c-£-bv-¡v I-\-¯ sh-Ãp-

hn-fn-bm-Wv D-bÀ-¯p-¶-Xv. tem-I-

¯nÂ G-ä-hpw Iq-Sp-XÂ B-fp-IÄ

tdm-U-]-I-S -¯nÂ a-cn -¡p-¶-Xv

C-´y-bn-em-Wv F-¶ Xn-cn-¨-dn-hv

Cu {]-iv-\-¯n-sâ Kp-cp-X-cm-h-Ø

hÀ-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. C-´y-bnÂ 2011 Â

4.97 e-£w tdm-Uv A-]-I-S-§-fn-em-

bn a-c-W-a-S-ª-Xv 1.42 e-£w B-fp-

I-fm-Wv. Cu kw-Jy-sb k-a-b-¯n-

sâ `m-j-bn-te-bv-¡v hn-hÀ-¯-\w

sN-bv-XmÂ \-½p-sS-cm-Py-¯v H-cp

an-\n-änÂ H-cp tdm-U]-I-Sw kw-`-hn-

¡p-¶p, \m-ep-an-\n-äp-tXm-dpw Hm-tcm

A-]-I-S a-c-W-hpw. 2012 se I-W-

¡p-I-fnÂ A-ev-]w Ip-d-hv Im-Wp-

¶p|v. A-Xm-b-Xv, A-]-I-S-§-fp-sS

F-®w 4.90 e-£-hpw a-c-W-kw-Jy

1.38 e-£-hp-am-Wv. ]-s£, Cu Ip-d-

hv B-iz-kn-¡m-hp-¶ H-cp Ip-d-hm-bn

I-W-¡m-¡m-\m-hn-Ã.

sam-¯-¯n-ep-Å tdm-Uv A-]-

I-S-§-fp-sS Im-c-Ww A-]-{K-Yn-¡p-

t¼mÄ, 78.7 i-X-am-\-hpw(3,85,934

A-]-I-S-§Ä) kw-`-hn -¡p-¶-Xv

AÂtIjv XymKn

sF



ss{U-h-dp-sS ho-gv -¨ aq-e-am-Wv

F-¶p Im-Wm³ km-[n-¡p-¶p. e-l-

cn, sam-ss_Â t^m¬, hm-l-\-§-

fp-sS A-an-X tem-Uv, A-an-X th-Kw,

hn-{i-a-an-Ãm-bv-a Xp-S-§n Cu ho-gv-¨-

bv-¡p-Å Im-c-W-§Ä ]-e-Xm-Wv.

tdm-Up-I-fn-se F¬-]-Xp i-X-am-\w

A-]-I-S-§-fp-sS-bpw D-¯-c-hm-Zn

ss{U-h-dm-sW-¶n-cn-s¡, \n-b-a-

§Ä ew-Ln-¡p-t¼mÄ tdm-Un-se

sIm-e-bm-fn-I-fm-bn X-§Ä am-dp-

¶p F-¶v A-h-sc t_m-[-h-Xv-¡-

cn-t¡|-Xp|v. A-Xn-\v cm-jv-{So-b

X-e-̄ nÂ tdm-Uv kp-c-£n-X-Xz-̄ n-

\v ap³-K-W-\ \-ev-I-Ww. Xm-ev-¡m-

en-I-am-b tdm-Up kp-c-£m {]-hÀ-

-̄\-§Ä-¡p ]-I-cw kp-Øn-c-am-b

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{i-² C-\n tI-{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. C-Xn-

\v \n-e-hn-ep-Å tdm-Uv kp-c-£m

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¨p-Å im-kv-{Xo-b-am-b A-h-tem-I-

\-am-Wv B-Zyw \-S-t¯|-Xv.-

C-Xn -sâ ]-Ým-¯-e-¯nÂ

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e-£y-§-fpw A-h t\-Sp-¶-Xn-\p-Å

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Pn-¨p-Å C-S-s]-S-en-eq-sS am-{X-sa

Cu ]-²-Xn-IÄ \-S-¸n-em-¡m-\m-hq.

C-h-cnÂ ]-e-cpw C-¡m-cy-¯nÂ

C-Xp-h-sc k-Po-h-am-bn ]-¦m-fn-I-

fm-bn-«n-Ã. A-Xp-t]m-se tdm-Uv kp-

c-£m ̂ -e-̄ n-sâ Kp-W-t`m-àm-¡-

fp-sS tk-h-\-§-fpw C-¡m-cy-¯nÂ

D|m-h-Ww. cm-Py-s¯ tdm-Uv

A-]-I-S-§Ä Ip-d-¨p sIm|p h-cp-

¶-Xn-\v tI-{µ D-]-cn-X-e K-Xm-K-X

a-{´m-e-bw \-S-]-Sn-IÄ B-cw-`n-¨n-

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kp-c-£m \-b-¯n-\v Aw-Ko-Im-cw

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Ww, tdm-Up kp-c-£ kw-_-Ôn-¨

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tdm-Uv ku-I-cy-§Ä, tdm-Uv \n-b-a-

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tdm-Uv kp-c-£m Iu¬-kn-en-\p

K-h¬-saâ v cq-]w \-ev-In-bn-«p|v.

kw-Øm-\-X-e-¯nÂ tdm-Uv kp-c-

£m Iu¬-kn-ep-I-fpw Pn-Ãm tdm-

Uv kp-c-£m I-½n-än-I-fpw cq-] o-I-

cn-¡m³ F-Ãm kw-Øm-\-§-Ä-¡pw,

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K-X a-{´m-e-bw \nÀ-t±-iw \-ev-In

I-gn-ªp. t_m-[-h-Xv-¡-c-Ww, \n-b-

aw \-S-¸m-¡Â, F³-Pn-\n-b-dnw-Mv,

A-Xym-ln-X hn-`m-Kw F-¶n-§-s\

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¡p-I. Bw-_p-e³-kv tk-h-

\-§Ä-¡v tZ-io-b X-e-¯nÂ

X-s¶ G-Io-Ir-X \n-e-hm-cw

Øm-]n-¡p-I Xp-S-§n-b ]-²-Xn-

I-fpw \-S-¸m-¡m³ D-t±-in-¡p-

¶p.

tdm-Up kp-c-£ F-¶-Xv hn-

hn -[ K-h¬-saâ v h-Ip-¸p -I-fp -

sS Iq-«m-b -D-¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-am-Wv.

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kw-Øm-\-§Ä-¡pw \nÀ-t±-iw

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Øm-]-\-§-sf I-s| -¯p-I-bpw

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\w hn-ln-X-hpw tdm-Uv \n-b-a-§Ä

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¡-cn-¡m³ km-[n-¡p-I-bp-Åp.

* te-J-\-¯n-se A-`n-{]m-b-§Ä te-J-I-tâ-Xp am-{Xw.

* \yq-UÂ-ln ]n.sF._n-þ-bnÂ sU-]yq-«n U-b-d-Iv-S-dm-Wv te-J-I³.

u



ap-XÂ tI-{µ ]-©m-b-¯v

cmPv a-{´m-e-bw ]-©m-b-

¯p-I-fp-sS im-ào-I-c-W-̄ n-\m-bn

\-S-̧ n-em-¡n h-¶n-cp-¶ ]-©m-b-̄ v

Fw-]-hÀ-saâ v Bâ v A-¡u|-_n-

en-än C³-skâo-hv kv-Iow (PEAIS) 2013Â cm-Po-hv Km-Ôn ]-©m-b-¯v

kim-ào-I-c¬ A-`ym³ F-¶

t]-cp am-än ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¡p-I-bp|m-

bn. PEAIS sâ Io-gnÂ 2011þ12 Im-

e-b-f-hp-h-sc kw-Øm-\ kÀ-¡m-

cp-IÄ-¡v am-{Xw \Â-In-bn-cp-¶

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§Ä-¡p ]p-d-ta kw-Øm-\-§-fn-se

an-I-¨ ]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ-¡pw Iq-Sn

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t»m-¡v ]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ-¡pw aq-

¶v {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ-¡p-am-Wv

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{µ ]-©m-b-̄ v a-{´m-e-bw \n-Ý-bn-

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Wv AÀ-l-cm-b-h-sc I-s|-¯n

A-hmÀ-Un-\m-bn \m-a-\nÀ-t±-iw sN-

¿p-¶-Xv. {]n³-kn-¸Â sk-{I-«-dn

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Hm-Un-äv Hm-^o-kÀ I¬-ho-\-dpw

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sk-{I-«-dn, In-e U-b-d-Iv-SÀ Xp-S-

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C-X-c hn-Z-Kv-²-cpw tÌ-äv C³-Ìn-äyq-«v

Hm-^v dq-dÂ sU-h-e-¸v-saâ v tPm-

2005



bnâ v sU-h-e-¸v-saâ v I-½o-j-WÀ,

{]-tXy-I £-Wn-Xm-hpw B-bn-

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Xv. kw-Øm-\w Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-¶

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Un-\À-l-cm-b ]-©m-b-¯p-I-sf

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t»m-¡v ]-©m-b-̄ p-IÄ-¡pw A-Sm-

«v, ]p-e-am-t´mÄ, Xn-cp-th-K-¸p-d,

sN-¼n-tem-Sv {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ-

¡pw A-hmÀ-Uv e-̀ n-¡p-I-bp|m-bn.

F-d-Wm-Ip-fw Pn-Ãm-]-©m-b-¯n-\v

50 e-£w cq-]-bpw \n-e-¼qÀ, C-Sp-

¡n t»m-¡v ]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ-¡v 25

e-£w cq-]m ho-X-hpw A-Sm-«v ]p-e-

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I-k-\ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡v b-tY-

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bp-Å ]-©m-b-̄ v kim-ào-I-c¬

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tI-{µo-I-c-W kq-Nn-I {]-Im-c-ap-Å

A-hmÀ-Un-epw 2013þ14þÂ tI-c-f-

¯n-\v c|mw Øm-\w e-`n-¡p-I-

bp|m-bn. 2.5 tIm-Sn cq-]-bm-Wv Cu

A-hmÀ-Uv Xp-I. 2012þ13Â aq-¶mw

Øm-\-¯m-bn-cp-¶-XnÂ \n-¶pw

2013þ14Â c|mw Øm-\-¯v F-¯p-

hm³ I-gn-ªp F-¶-Xv kw-Øm-\w

ssI-h-cn-¨ {]-[m-\ t\-«-am-Wv.

ap-Jy-a-{ń D-½³-Nm≠ n

P-\-§Ä-¡v G-ä-hpw sa-̈ -s -̧« tk-

h-\w \Â-Ip-¶ Im-cy-̄ nÂ X-t±-i-

kz-bw-`-c-W Øm-]-\-§Ä X-½nÂ

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Fw.-kn.- am-bn³ lm-Pn, tÌ-äv s]

À-t^mÀ-a³-kv Hm-Un-äv Hm-ô-kÀ

F-kv.-Zn-hm-I-c³-]n-Å F-¶n-hÀ

]-s¦-Sp-¯ k-t½-f-\-¯n-\v X-t±-

i-kz-bw-`-c-W h-Ip-¸v sk-{I-«-dn

cm-P³ tIm-{_-K-sU sF.-F.-F-kv

kzm-K-X-hpw ]-©m-b-̄ v U-b-d-Iv-SÀ

F.-sk-bv-Zv \-µn-bpw ]-d-ªp.

am-\-Z-Wv-U-§Ä \n-Ý-bn-¡m³

ip-] mÀ-i sN-¿-W-sa-¶v ]-©m-b-

¯p km-aq-ly-\o-Xn h-Ip-¸p a-{ń

tUm.-Fw.-sI.-ap-\oÀ ap-Jy-a-{ń-

tbm-Sv B-h-iy-s¸-«p. cm-Po-hv-Km-

Ôn ]-©m-¯v k-im-ào-I-c¬

A-`n -bm³ A-hmÀ-Uv hn-X-c-W-

sIm|n-cp -¶-Xv . F-¶mÂ Cu

hÀ-jw ] mÀ-e-saâ v C-e-£³

s]-cp-am-ä-N-«w \n-e-hn-en-cp-¶-Xn-

\ mÂ A-Xm-Xp kw-Øm-\-§-fnÂ

h-¨p-X-s¶ hn-X-c-Ww sN-t¿|n-

h-¶p. C-Xv H-cp `m-Ky-am-bn I-cp-Xp-

¶-Xm-bn a-{ń tUm.-Fw.-sI.-ap-\ oÀ

]-d-ªp. Im-c-Ww {] n-b-¦-c-\m-b

ap-Jy-a-{ń-bnÂ \n-¶pw A-hmÀ-Up

hm-§m³ km-[n-¨p F-¶p-Å-Xp

X-s¶. ] p-Xp-a-bp-Å ]-²-Xn-IÄ-¡p

{]m-ap-Jyw D|m-Ip-t¼mÄ C-t¸mÄ

tI-c-f-¯n-\v e-`n-¨ c|mw Øm-\w

F-Ãm-bv-t¸m-gpw H-¶mw Øm-\-am-bn

am-dp-sa-¶pw a-{ń A-`n-{]m-b-s¸-«p.

F-Ãm X-t±-i-Øm-]-\-§-fpw an-I-¨

{]-hÀ-¯-\w Im-gv-N-sh-¨-Xn-\mÂ

G-ä-hpw \-Ã-Xp I-s|-̄ m³ h-f-sc

_p-²n-ap-«n F-¶pw A-Xp Im-c-Ww

c|mw Øm-\-̄ n-\v AÀ-l-am-b Xp-

ey- amÀ-¡p c|p ]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ

I-c-Ø-am-¡n-b-Xm-bpw tUm.-Fw.-

sI.-ap-\oÀ ]-d-ªp.

A-Jn-te-ým X-e-¯nÂ kw-Øm-

\-§Ä-¡p \Â-Ip-¶ ]-©m-b-¯v

kim-ào-I-c¬ ]pc-kv-Im-c-¯n-

\p-Å am-\-Z-Wv-U-§Ä \n-Ý-bn-¡p-

t¼mÄ ]p-Xp-a-bp-Å ]-²-Xn-IÄ-¡v

{]m-ap-Jyw \Â-Ip-¶ X-c-¯nÂ

u


tbm-K-¯nÂ A-²y-£

{]-kw-Kw \-S-¯p-I-bm-

bn-cp-¶p a-{ń. C-¯-cw

A-hmÀ-Up-IÄ F-Ãm-hÀ-

j-hpw ]-©m-b-¯p Zn-

\m-tLm-j-am-b G-{]nÂ

24\v \ yq -UÂ-ln -bnÂ

h-¨m -Wv k-½m -\n -¨p -


h-¯n-sâ kz-´w \m-Sm-b

tI-c-f-¯nÂ kv-{Xo-IÄ-

s¡-Xn-sc-bpw Ip-«n-IÄ-s¡-Xn-sc-

bpw A-Xn-{I-a-§Ä hÀ-²n-¨p-h-

cp-¶p kw-c-£-Ww e-`n-t¡|-h-

cnÂ \n-¶p-t] m-epw hn-hn-[-§-fm-b

{]-bm-k-§Ä t\-cn-tS|n-h-cp-¶p.

] p-IÄ-s]-ä kmw-kv-¡m-cn-I Hu-¶-

Xy-̄ n-sâ D-̄ pw-KXbn-epÅ tI-c-

fo-b k-aq-l-¯n-\v ̀ q-j-W-a-Ã C-Xv.

hn-hn-[ tem-I-cm-Py-§Ä Ip-

ä-Ir-Xyw X-S-bp-¶-Xn-\p-Å H-cp

\q-X-\-amÀ-¤-am-bn ss{Iw am-¸nw-Kv

kw-hn-[m-\w D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p. tI-c-

f-¯n-se kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡v B-ßm-`n-am-

\-¯n-sâ ]p-¯³ hm-Xm-b-\-§Ä

Xp-d-¶v sIm-Sp-¯ Ip-Spw-_-{io-¡v

kv-{Xo-IÄ-s¡-Xn-sc-bp-Å A-Xn-{I-a-

§-sf sh-dpw-I-t¿m-sS t\m-¡n-\ nÂ-

¡m³ km-[n-¡p-I-bn-Ã. k-aq-ly-C-

S-s]-S-tem-sS ]qÀ-®-am-bpw Ip-ä-Ir-

Xy-§Ä X-S-bp-¶-Xn-\v th|n-bp-Å

G-ä-hpw h-en-b Np-h-Sp-sh-¸m-Wv

ss{Iw-am-¸nw-Kv kw-hn-[m-\w. F-hn-

sS-bm-Wv kv-{Xo-IÄ, Ip-«n-IÄ Zp-

cn-X-a-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xv Øn-c-am-bn

_p-²n-ap-«v A-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶ Ø-e-

§Ä F-hn-sS? G-Xv co-Xn-bn-ep-Å

Ip-ä-Ir-Xy-§-fm-Wv \-S-¯p-¶-Xv,

B-cm-Wv sN-¿p-¶-Xv, G-Xv amÀ-¤w

D-]-tbm-Kn-¨m-Wv C-¯-cw Ip-ä-hm-

k-\-I-sf X-S-bm³ km-[n-¡p-I,

F-¶ Im-cy-§Ä ss{Iw-am-¸n-wKn

eq-sS ]-cn-tim-[n-¡p-hm³ km-[n-

¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. ]-e ]o-U-\-§-fpw

_p-²n-ap-«p-I-fpw ]p-d-¯p-]-d-bm³

a-Sn-¡p-¶ {]-tXy-I km-l-N-cy-

¯nÂ ss{Iw-am-̧ nw-Kv km-[y-X-bpw,

c-£m-I-h-N-hp-am-Wv. kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS

bm-X-\-I-fpw th-Z-\-I-fpw \-¶m-

bn A-dn -bm-hp -¶ Ip-Spw -_-{io

{]-tXy-I ]-cn-io-e-\w sIm-Sp-¯

dn-tkm-gv-kv-t]-gv-k¬-kn-\v ap-¼nÂ

bm-sXm-cp k-t¦m-N-hpw `-b-hp-an-

Sn. jm-lpÂ l-ao-Zvt{]m-{Kmw Hm-^o-kÀ

Ip-Spw-_-{io kw-Øm-\-an-j³

F-´v sN-bv-Xm-epw kv-{Xo-IÄ B-tcm-Spw ]-d-bn-Ã F-¶ Nn-e-cp-sS a-t\m-`m-hw A-kv-X-an-¡m³ t]m-Ip-¶p, Ir-Xy-am-b ap-s¶m-cp-¡ {]-hÀ-¯-\w \-S-¯n kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS I-Z-\ I-®o-cn-\v A-dp-Xn-h-cm³ t]m-Ip-¶p. A-Xn-{I-a-¯n-\v hn-t[-b-cm-Ip-¶ kv-{Xo-I-sf-bpw Ip-«n-I-sf-bpw Ip-Spw-_-{io kq-£v-a h-e-b-¯nÂ A-I-s¸-Sp-¯n \n-b-a-]-c-am-b ]-cn-c-£ C-c-IÄ-¡pw i-à-am-b in-£ Ip-ä-hm-k-\-bnÂ GÀ-s -̧Sp-¶-hÀ-¡v hm-§n-̈ p-sIm-Sp-¡p-hm³ Ip-Spw-_-{io {]-hÀ-̄ -IÀ I-®nÂ F-®-sbm-gn-¨v {]-Xn-Rv-Pm-_-²-cm-bn Im-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p.

ssZ



Ãm-sX, a-\p-jy-Xz-¯n-\v hn-e-IÂ-

¸n-¡m-¯-h-cp-sS s]m-bv-ap-J-§Ä

Xp-d-¶v Im-«m³ km-[n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.

k-t¦m-N-an-Ãm-sX lr-Z-b-th-Z-\

ssI-am-dm-\ pw {]-tXy-I I-f-dnw-Kn-eq-

sS G-Xv {]-tZ-i-̄ m-Wv kv-{Xo-I-fpw

Ip-«n-I-fpw {]-bm-k-a-\p-̀ -hn-¡p-¶-Xv

F-¶v im-kv-{Xo-b-am-bn I-s|-̄ -en-

eq-sS ̀ -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fp-sS ap-¼nÂ

F-¯n-¡p-hm³ ss{Iw-am-¸n-wKn

eq-sS km-[n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. 77 kn-Un-

F-kp-I-fnÂ \-ho-\ B-i-b-am-b

ss{Iw-am-¸nw-Kv B-cw-`n-¡p-I-bpw

kv-{Xo-I-fnÂ \n-¶v {]-tXy-I co-Xn-

bn-eq-sS A-\p-`-h-§Ä t\-cn-«v A-dn-

bp-I-bpw c-l-ky-kz-̀ m-hw kq-£n-̈ v

Um-äm-F³-{Sn \-S-̄ n {]-tXy-I-am-bn

ssI-Im-cyw sN-bv-Xv am-¸nw-Kv {]-hÀ-

-̄\w sN-¿p-¶ A-́ n-a-L-«-̄ n-em-

Wv Ip-Spw-_-{io. Hm-tcm Pn-Ã-bn-epw

5 kn-Un-F-kp-I-fn-te-bv-¡v Iq-Sn Cu

{]-hÀ-¯-\w Cu hÀ-jw hy-] n-¸n-

¡p-¶-Xm-Wv Xp-SÀ-¶v tI-c-f-̄ n-se

kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS-bpw Ip-«n-I-fp-sS-bpw

F-Xn-cm-bp-Å F-Ãm A-Xn-{I-a-§-

fptSbpw t\À-Im-gv -N tI-c-fo-b

k-aq-l-̄ n-\v e-̀ n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. 4000

{]-tXy-I ssh-`-h-§-fp --Å Ip-Spw-_-

{io {]-hÀ-¯-IÀ Cu {]-hÀ-¯-\-

¯n-sâ t\À-ap-J-̄ v k-Zm Pm-K-cq-K-

cm-bn \n-e-bp-d-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.

kv - {Xo -IÄ-s¡-Xn -sc -bp -Å

A-Xn-{I-a-§-fnÂ 300% h-fÀ-̈ -bm-Wv

tI-c-f-¯nÂ tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xv.

kp-c-£n-X-Xzw H-cp a-co-Nn-I-bm-bn

am-dp-¶p, {]-bm-k-c-ln-X-am-b Po-hn-

Xw ]-IÂ-In-\m-hm-bn Nn-e Ø-e-

§-fnÂ am-dp-¶p, F-´v sN-bv-Xm-

epw kv-{Xo-IÄ B-tcm-Spw ]-d-bn-Ã

F-¶ Nn-e-cp-sS a-t\m-`m-hw A-kv-

X-an-¡m³ t]m-Ip-¶p, Ir-Xy-am-b

ap-s¶m-cp-¡ {]-hÀ-¯-\w \-S-¯n

kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS I-Z-\ I-®o-cn-\v A-dp-

Xn-h-cm³ t]m-Ip-¶p. A-Xn-{I-a-¯n-

\v hn-t[-b-cm-Ip-¶ kv-{Xo-I-sf-bpw

Ip-«n-I-sf-bpw Ip-Spw-_-{io kq-£v-a

h-e-b-¯nÂ A-I-s¸-Sp-¯n \n-b-

a-]-c-am-b ]-cn-c-£ C-c-IÄ-¡pw

i-à-am-b in-£ Ip-ä-hm-k-\-bnÂ

GÀ-s¸-Sp-¶-hÀ-¡v hm-§n-¨p-sIm-Sp-

¡p-hm³ Ip-Spw-_-{io {]-hÀ-¯-IÀ

I-®nÂ F-®-sbm-gn-¨v {]-Xn-Rv-P-m

_-²-cm-bn Im-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p.

cm-P-Øm³ I-gn-ªmÂ G-ä-

hpw Iq-Sp-XÂ KmÀ-ln-I ]o-V-\-

§Ä A-\p-`-hn-t¡|n-h-cp-¶-Xv

tI-c-f-¯n-se kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡m-Wv Xn-

cp-h-\-́ -]p-cw ]-«-W-̄ nÂ C-̄ -cw

]o-V-\-§Ä hÀ-²n-̈ v h-cp-¶p. Iq-Sp-

t¼mÄ C-¼w D|m-t¡| Ip-Spw-

_-Po-hn-X-̄ n-\n-S-bnÂ kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS

s\-©v ]n-fÀ-¡p-¶ I-cm-f-l-kv-X-§-

fp-sS {]-hÀ-̄ -\-§Ä-¡v Iq-̈ p-hn-e-

§n-Sp-hm³ ss{Iw-am-̧ nw-Kv kw-hn-[m-

\-̄ n-eq-sS km-[n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.

1993 se sF-Iy-cm-jv-{S-k-`m

P-\-dÂ A-kw-»n {]-Jym-]-\w

{]-Im-cw kv-{Xo-IÄ-s¡-Xn-sc \-S-

¯p-¶ F-Ãm-̄ -cw A-Xn-{I-a-§-sf

bpw sN-dp-¯v tXmÂ-¸n-¡p-hm³

B-lzm-\w sN-¿p-¶p. kv-{Xo-IÄ-

s¡-Xn-sc-bp-Å A-Xn-{I-aw P-\n-¨p-



ho-gp-¶-Xn-\v ap-¼v {`q-W-l-Xy-bn-eq-

sS Xp-S-§n ssi-i-h \m-fp-I-fnÂ

Ir-Xy-am-bn `-£-W-hpw ]-cn-N-c-W-

¯n-epw hn-th-N-\-¯n-eq-sS \o-§n

]T-\-Im-e-¯v k-l-]m-Tn-I-fnÂ

\n-¶pw, A-²ym-]-IÀ, A-bÂ-]-

¡-ImÀ F-¶n-h-cnÂ \n-¶v hn-hn-

[-X-c-¯n-ep-Å ]o-V-\-§-fn-eq-sS

k-©-cn-̈ v, hn-hn-[ km-l-N-cy-̄ nÂ

H-¶m-bn ssh-hm-ln-I Po-hn-X-¯n-

\n-S-bnÂ s]-cp-am-ä ssh-I-ey-§Ä

t\-cn-tS|n-h-cp-¶ bu-Æ-\ Im-e-̄ n-

eq-sS Po-hn-̈ v Po-hn-X-̄ n-sâ km-bm-

Ó-̄ nÂ hr-²-kZ\-̄ nÂ A-́ n-bp-

d-t§|n-h-cp-¶ Po-hn-X-N-{I-hm-f-̄ n-

se knw-l-̀ m-K-̄ pw X-tâ-X-Ãm-̄

Im-c-W-̄ mÂ A-Xn-{I-a-§-fpw, H-ä-

s -̧Sp-̄ -ep-I-fpw A-h-tl-f-\-§-fpw,

A-]-am-\-hpw, aÀ-±-\-hpw A-\p-`-hn-

t¡|n-h-cp-¶ l-X-̀ m-Ky-hm³-am-cm-b

kv-{Xo-I-sf \-½p-sS Np-äp-]m-Spw Im-

Wm³ km-[n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.

kv-{Xo-km-£-c-X 92%, sXm-gn-

en-Ãm-bv-a 10% kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS sXm-

gnÂ ]-¦m-fn-̄ w 22.9% B-bpw D-Å

tI-c-f-¯nÂ kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS s]m-Xp-

bn-S-§-fn-se {]-th-i-\-̄ n-\v hn-Lm-

X-am-bn \nÂ-¡p-¶-Xv, kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡v

F-Xn-sc-bp-Å A-Xn-{I-a-§-fp-sS

hÀ-²n-¨v h-cp-¶ h-fÀ-¨-bm-Wv. Cu

km-l-N-cyw ]-cn-K-Wn-¨m-Wv _-lp.

ssl-t¡m-S-Xn-bnÂ kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡v

F-Xn-sc-bp-Å A-Xn-{I-a-§Ä ssI-

Im-cyw sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\m-bn {]-tXy-I

s_-©v Øm-]n-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. A-bÂ-

¡q-«mw-K-§-fm-b kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡pw

a-äv ]o-U-\-§Ä t\-cn-tS|n h-cp-¶

kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡pw {]-tXy-I t^m-dw

\Â-In hn-h-cw ti-J-cn-¡p-hm³

A-bÂ-¡q-«-X-e-¯nÂ thm-f|n-

bÀ-am-sc \n-b-an-¨v im-co-cn-I-am-b

] o-U-\-§-sf Np-h-¸v I-f-dn-epw,

hm-Nn-I-am-b-Xv \o-e-\n-d-¯n-epw tc-

J-s -̧Sp-̄ n Hm-tcm ]-©m-b-̄ n-epw

ap³-kn-¸m-en-än-bn-epw kv-{Xo-IÄ-

s¡-Xn-sc-bp-f-f A-Xn-{I-a-§-fp-sS

am-¸v {]-kn-²o-I-cn-¨v {i-² Ku-c-h-

am-bn ]-Xn-¸n-¡m³ B-h-iy-am-b

H-cp kw-hn-[m-\-am-Wv Ip-Spw-_-

{io A-Wn-bn-s¨m-cp-¡p-¶-Xv. 2011

Â B-e-¸p-g-bn-se am-cm-cn-¡p-fw

]-©m-b-¯nÂ B-cw-`n-¨v hn-P-bw

I| ss{I-am-¸nw-Kv kw-hn-[m-\w,

\nÀ-`-b-t¯m-sS Po-hn-¡m-\p-Å

{]-X-ew H-cp-¡p-¶p. \nÀ-`-b ]-²-Xn-

bv-¡p-Å Ip-Spw-_-{io kw-̀ m-h-\-bm-

Wv ss{Iw amw-¸nwKv.

kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡pw Ip-«n-IÄ-¡p-

sa-Xn-sc-bp-Å A-Xn-{I-aw a-\p-

jym-h-Im-i-¯n-s\-Xn-sc-bp-Å I-S-

¶v I-b-ä-am-bn \mw Im-W-Ww.

F-hn-sS-bm-Wv tI-c-f-¯nÂ kv-

{Xo-IÄ-s¡-Xn-sc A-Xn-{I-a-§Ä

D|m-Ip-¶-Xv, B-cm-Wv A-h-sc

_p-²n-ap-«n-em-¡p-¶-Xv, G-Xv X-c-̄ n-

em-Wv kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS Po-hn-X-¯nÂ

ImÀ-ta-L-§Ä D|m-Ip-¶-Xv, G-Xv

X-cw ]-cn-{]-{In-b sIm|m-Wv Cu

km-aq-ly {]-iv-\w C-Ãm-Xm-¡m³

km-[n-¡p-I F-¶n-§-s\-bp-f-f Im-

X-em-b {]-iv-\-§Ä-¡v H-cp ]-cn-lm-

c-am-Wv Ip-Spw-_-{io ss{Iw-am-̧ nw-Kv.

Ip-ä-a-ä kw-hn-[m-\-¯n-eq-sS kv-{Xo-

I-fp-sS lr-Z-bm-´-c-§-fnÂ \n-¶v

{]-bm-k-§Ä t\-cn-«v H-¸n-sb-Sp-¯v

]-cn-lm-cw \nÀ-t±-in-¡p-¶ tI-c-f

kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ k-lm-b-t¯m-sS-bpw

Ip-Spw-_-{io {]-Øm-\-¯n-sâ A-a-

c-¡m-c³ tUm. Fw.sI. ap-\o-dn-sâ

[n-£-W-m]-c-am-b t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-sâ

Io-gnÂ tI-c-f-̄ n-se kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡p

Ip-«n-IÄ-¡pw kw-c-£-W I-h-Nw

XoÀ-¡p-¶ ss{Iw am-¸nw-Kv kw-hn-

[m-\w tI-c-fw ap-gp-h-\pw hym-]-cn-̧ n-

¡m-\p-Å X-¿m-sd-Sp-̧ n-em-Wv tI-c-f-

¯n-sâ ]-cn-tO-Z-am-b Ip-Spw-_-{io

{]-Øm-\w.

kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡pw Ip-«n-IÄ-¡p-sa-Xn-sc-bp-Å A-Xn-{I-aw a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-¯n-s\-Xn-sc-bp-Å I-S-¶v I-b-ä-am-bn \mw Im-W-Ww. F-hn-sS-bm-Wv tI-c-f-¯nÂ kv-{Xo-IÄ-s¡-Xn-sc A-Xn-{I-a-§Ä D≠m-Ip-¶-Xv, B-cm-Wv A-h-sc _p-²n-ap-«n-em-¡p-¶-Xv, G-Xv X-c-¯n-em-Wv kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS Po-hn-X-̄ nÂ ImÀ-ta-L-§Ä D≠m-Ip-¶-Xv, G-Xv X-cw ]-cn-{]-{In-b sIm≠m-Wv Cu km-aq-ly {]-iv-\w C-Ãm-Xm-¡m³ km-[n-¡p-I F-¶n-§-s\-bp-f-f Im-X-em-b {]-iv-\-§Ä-¡v H-cp ]-cn-lm-c-am-Wv Ip-Spw-_-{io ss{Iw-am-¸nw-Kv.

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Xo-b-Xn 5/5/14.

hr-¡ X-I-cm-dp-aq-ew Øn-c-am-bn U-bm-en-kn-kv th|n-h-cp-¶ _n.-]n.-FÂ hn-`m-K-¯n-se hr-¡ tcm-Kn-IÄ-¡v {]-Xn-am-k s]³-j³ 900/þ cq-]_n.-]n.-FÂ hn-`m-K-¯nÂ-s¸-« hr-¡ tcm-Kn-IÄ-¡v {]-Xn-am-kw 525/þ cq-]-bnÂ \n-¶pw 1.4.2013 ap-XÂ 900/þ (sXm-

Åm-bn-cw) cq-]-bm-bn hÀ-²n-¸n-¨v D-¯-c-hv ]p-d-s¸-Sp-hn-¨p. k.-D.(-Fw.-F-kv) \w.54/2013/km-\o-h Xo-b-Xn, 01.07-2013.

]m-en-tb-äo-hv ]-cn-N-c-Ww \-gv-kp-amÀ-¡v hn-I-k-\ ^|nÂ \n-¶pw hÀ-jw ap-gp-h³ tlm-W-td-dn-bw \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\v A-\p-a-Xn21.05.2014se tIm HmÀ-Un-t\-j³ I-½n-än Xo-cp-am-\ {]-Im-cw H-cp t{]m-P-Iv-Sn-sâ ̀ m-K-am-bn ]m-en-tb-äo-hv ]-cn-N-c-W-

¯n-\v \n-tbm-Kn-¡-s -̧Sp-¶ \-gv-kp-amÀ-¡v hÀ-jw ap-gp-h³ hn-I-k-\ ̂ |nÂ \n-¶pw tlm-W-td-dn-bw \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\v

A-\p-a-Xn \Â-In D-¯-c-hv ]p-d-s¸-Sp-hn-¨p. k.-D.(-km-[m)-\w.1406/2014/X-kz-`-h. Xo-b-Xn, 05.06.2014.

X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W Øm-]-\-§-fp-sS ku-tcmÀ-Ö ]-²-Xn-IÄ \-S-¸m-¡p-¶-Xn-\v sIÂ-t{Sm-Wn-t\-bpw bp-ssW-ä-Uv C-e-Iv-{Sn-¡Â C³-U-kv-{So-kv en-an-ä-Un-t\-bpw Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨pX-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W Øm-]-\-§-fp-sS ku-tcmÀ-Ö ]-²-Xn-IÄ \-S-¸m-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å Aw-Ko-Ir-X Øm-]-\-am-bn

sIÂ-t{Sm-Wn-t\-bpw (KELTRON) bp-ssW-ä-Uv C-e-Iv-{Sn-¡Â C³-U-kv-{So-kv en-an-ä-Un-t\-bpw, A-s\À-«v (ANERT) Fw.-F³.-BÀ.-C (MNRE) -bp-sS {]-tXy-I \nÀ-t±-i-§Ä (kv-s]-kn-^n-t¡-j³) ]m-en-¨p-sIm|m-bn-cn-¡-Ww

ku-tcmÀ-Ö ]-²-Xn-IÄ X-¿m-dm-t¡|-Xv F-¶ \n-_-Ô-\-bv-¡v hn-t[-b-am-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨v D-¯-c-hv ]p-d-s¸-Sp-

hn-¨p. k.-D.(-km-[m)-\w.1384/2014/X-kz-`-h Xo-b-Xn, 03.06.2014

a-lm-ßm-Km-Ôn tZ-io-b {Km-ao-W sXm-gn-ep-d-̧ v ]-²-Xn Hmw-_p-Uv-kv-am³-am-sc tÌ-äv ]-»n-Iv C³-̂ À-ta-j³ Hm-ô-kÀ-am-sc-bpw X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W h-Ip-¸n-se tPm-bnâ v sk-{I-«-dn-sb A-¸oÂ A-[n-Im-cn-bm-bpw \n-b-an-¨pa-lm-ßm-Km-Ôn tZ-io-b {Km-ao-W sXm-gn-Â D-d-¸v ]-²-Xn-bn³ Io-gnÂ \n-b-an-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å 17 Hmw-_p-Uv-kv-am³-

am-cp-sS Hm-ô-kn-se tÌ-äv ]-»n-Iv C³-^À-ta-j³ Hm-ô-kÀ-am-cm-bn Hmw-_p-Uv-kv-am³-am-tc-bpw A-¸oÂ A-[n-

Im-cn-bm-bn sk-{I-«-dn-tb-än-se X-t±-i-kz-bw-`-c-W (Un-Un) h-Ip-¸n-sâ Np-a-X-e-bp-Å tPm-bnâ v sk-{I-«-dn-tb-bpw

\n-b-an-¨v D-¯-c-hm-bn. k.-D.(-km-[m).1153/14/X-kz-`-h Xo-b-Xn, 22.05.2014

A-\-[n-Ir-X sI-«n-S \nÀ-½m-W-§Ä X-S-bp-¶-Xn-\v th|n cq-]o-I-cn-¨ Pn-Ãm-X-e hn-Pn-e³-kv kv-Izm-Uv kÀ-¡mÀ t\m-an-\n-sb \n-Ý-bn-¨ptI-c-f ap³-kn-¸m-en-än _nÂ-Unw-Kv dqÄ-kv 157þmw N-«w {]-Im-cw A-\-[n-Ir-X sI-«n-S \nÀ-½m-W-§Ä X-S-bp-¶-Xn-\v

th|n Pn-Ãm- Su¬ ¹m-\À I¬-ho-\-dm-bn Pn-Ãm-X-e hn-Pn-e³-kv kv-Izm-Uv cq-]o-I-cn-¨p-sIm|v kÀ-¡mÀ D-¯-c-

hm-bn-«p|v. {]-kv-Xp-X Pn-Ãm hn-Pn-e³-kv kvIzm-Un-sâ kÀ-¡mÀ t\m-an-\n-bm-bn A-Xm-Xv Pn-Ã-bn-se X-t±-i-kz-bw-

`-c-W F-Iv-kn-Iyq-«o-hv F-©n-\o-b-sd \n-Ý-bn-¨v D-¯-c-hm-bn. k.-D.(-km-[m).1231/2014/X-kz-`-h Xo-b-Xn, 20.05.2014



a-lm-ßm-Km-Ôn tZ-io-b {Km-ao-W sXm-gn-ep-d-¸v ]-²-Xn 2013þ14se h-c-hp sN-e-hp-IÄ kv-]-jv-So-I-c-Ww MGNREGS h-gn-bp-Å ]-W-an-S-]m-Sp-IÄ t\-cn-«v {Km-a ]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ \-S-¯p-¶n-sÃ-¦n-epw _-Ô-s¸-« tc-J-I-fpw

hu-̈ -dp-I-fpw ]-©m-b-̄ p-IÄ X-s¶-bm-Wv kq-£n-¡p-¶-Xv. ̂ |v {Sm³-kv-̂ -dn-\v B-h-iy-am-b dn-Iz-Ìv X-¿m-dm-¡p-

¶-Xpw ]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ X-s¶-bm-Wv. B-b-Xn-\mÂ Cu C-\-¯n-ep-Å h-c-hp sN-e-hp I-W-¡p-IÄ ]-©m-b-¯v

I-W-¡p-I-fnÂ DÄ-s¸-Sp-t¯|-Xm-Wv. A-Xn-\m-bn Xm-sg-¸-d-bp-¶ \nÀ-t±-i-§Ä ]p-d-s¸-Sp-hn-¡p-¶p.

2013-þ14Â sk-{I-«-dn-bp-sS t]-cn-ep-Å _m-¦v A-¡u|v D-]-tbm-Kn-¨v \-S-¯n-b C-S-]m-Sp-IÄ C-Xn-t\m-S-Iw kmw-

Jy-bnÂ DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p|m-Ipw. C-tXm-sSm-¸w C-e-Iv-t{Sm-Wn-Iv ^|v am-t\-Pv-saâ v kn-Ìw (C-F-^v-Fw-F-kv)

h-gn \-S-¯n-b C-S-]m-Sp-I-fpw kmw-Jy-bnÂ DÄ-s¸-Sp-t¯|-Xm-Wv. C-Xn-\m-bn 31.03.2014 h-sc \Â-In-b ̂ |v {Sm³-

kv-^À HmÀ-UÀ (F-^v-Sn-H) k-½-Xn a-lm-ßm-Km-Ôn tZ-io-b {Km-ao-W sXm-gn-ep-d-¸v ]-²-Xn-bp-sS sh-_v-ssk-änÂ

\n-¶pw Uu¬-tem-Uv sN-bv-Xv F-Sp-¯v Cu kmw-Jy-bv-¡v "251300801' F-¶ sl-Ínw-Kv sU-_n-äpw "160100601' F-¶

sl-Ín-\v {I-Un-äpw \Â-In H-cp tP-WÂ F³-{Sn \Â-In {]-kv-Xp-X I-W-¡v {Km-a ]-©m-b-¯n-sâ I-W-¡nÂ DÄ-

s¸-Sp-t¯|-Xm-Wv. (kÀ-¡p-eÀ \-¼À 31620/F-F1/2014 Xo-b-Xn 24.5.14)

Xt±-i-kz-bw`-c-W h-Ip-∏p-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´ k¿-°m¿ D-Ø-c-hpIƒ, k¿-°p-e-dpIƒ, Kk-‰v hn-⁄m-]-\-ßƒ F-∂n-h-bp-sS ]q¿-Æ cq]w www.lsgkerala.gov.in sh_v-ssk-‰n¬ e-`y-amWv.

Edited and Published by A. Sayeed, Director of Panchayats (i/c), Govt. of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 033and Printed for GLM at Akshara Offset, Thiruvananthapuram

� X-cn-ip-\n-e ]-¨-¡-dn Ir-jn

� tXÀ-Uv sP³-UÀ kÀ-tÆ

� F-Ãm ]-©m-b-¯p-I-fn-epw J-c-am-en-\y-kw-kv-I-c-W ]-²-Xn

� am-Xr-Im A-d-hp-im-e-IÄ

� 32 ]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ þ am-Xr-Im- ip-Nn-Xz {Kmaw

� am-Xr-Im Kym-kv iv-a-im-\w

� C-âÀ-s\-äv A-[n-jvTn-X Hm-^o-kv k-{¼-Zm-bw

� C-þ-t]-bv-saâv-þ-\n-Ip-Xn-IÄ, bq-«n-en-än kÀ-Æo-kp-IÄ

� Fw-þ-K-thÀ-W³-kv

� Un-Pn-äÂ kn-tá-¨À ]-©m-b-¯p-I-fnÂ hym-]-I-am-¡pw

� ss{S-_Â ssa-t{Im-se-hÂ ¹m-\nw-Kv

� ss{Iw am-¸nw-Kv þ F-Ãm ]-©m-b-¯p-I-fn-epw

� C-þ-sS³-U-dnw-Kv

� TISS am-bn k-l-I-cn-¨ I-½yq-Wn-än tIm-tf-Pv

� Ip-Spw-_-{io Aw-K-§Ä-¡v s]³-j-\pw, C³-jp-d³-kpw

� A-©v am-Xr-Im {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯p-IÄ ho-Xw Hm-tcm Pn-Ã-bn-epw

� F-Ãm {Km -a -] -©m-b-¯p-I-fn -epw _-Uv -kv kv-Iq-fp-IÄ

� F-Ãm ]-©m-b-̄ p-I-Ä¡pw ISO kÀ-«n-̂ n-t¡-j³

� 100 ]-©m-b-¯p-I-fn-Â B-{i-b ¹-kv

� k-¼q-À-® Iym³-kÀ C³-jp-d³-kv þ F-Ãm -]-©m-b-¯p-I-fn-epw

� hn-a¬ te-_À _m-¦v

� C.Fw.F-kv. `-h-\-]-²-Xn ]qÀ-¯o-I-c-Ww

� ICODD-II 2015 P-\p-h-cn-bnÂ

� sS-d-kv ^m-anw-Kv hym-]-I-am-¡pw

� In-e þ bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än-bm-bn D-bÀ-¯pw

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