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Page 1: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb
Page 2: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

Ht­lfr­njh­ Vt­h­kL.Rt­kkt­h­öfkc

Jndt­ncndt­y­y­sqh­t­lfr­njh­ It­h­bkGt­kkt­h­by­

Gjvjo­y­br­h­t­lfr­njh­f Ifh­kby­Gjh­nt­h­

Ht­lfr­njh­s Lét­y­bat­h­Åjx­y­t­h­

Rfh­fÅh­t­qccbut­h­

Aqkby­Rt­qy­

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Hjåby­Rjcnt­y­-Cfqr­c

Lét­h­bEbkmzvc

Ht­lfr­njh­nt­r­cnf Ränkby­Öfu

Cgt­wbfkbcnsgjbcnjx­y­br­fv Kby­y­Ifqå

Léjfy­H.Nt­qkjh­

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Uh­fabx­t­cr­jt­jajh­vkt­y­bt­ NbvÅh­fey­

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Bcgjky­bnt­kmy­sqh­t­lfr­njh­ Hbx­fh­lE.Öfr­r­fåb

Gh­jbp­djlcndt­y­y­sqlbh­t­r­njh­ Rh­bcnbfy­Kfh­cjy­

Gjvjo­y­br­gh­jbp­djlcndt­y­-y­jujlbh­t­r­njh­f RkjL.Äkkbc

Ht­lr­jkkt­ubz Lét­h­t­vbA.Rt­h­nby­

Léfy­t­nÄ.Ufh­db

Lét­aah­bÄ.Åt­h­r­jdbw

Åñ­h­jvt­éley­fh­jly­söby­ajh­vfwbjy­y­sögh­juh­fvvUjcelfh­cndt­y­y­jujlt­gfh­nfvt­y­nfCIFbp­lft­ngznmäkt­r­nh­jy­y­söéeh­y­fkjdgjlkjujnbgjv≤Ä-Éeh­y­fkCIF≥–≤Är­jy­jvbx­t­cr­bt­gt­h­cgt­r­nbds≥,≤Ukjåfkm-y­st­gh­jåkt­vs≥,≤Djgh­jcslt­vjr­h­fnbb≥,≤Dy­t­i­y­zzgjkbnbr­f≥b≤Jåo­t­cndjbwt­y­y­jcnb≥.Jy­bgjcdzo­t­-y­sfy­fkbp­ejcy­jdy­sögh­jåkt­v,cr­jnjh­svbcnfk-r­bdfñ­nczCjt­lby­t­y­y­st­Infnsbvt­éley­fh­jly­jt­cjjåo­t­cndj,fnfr­ét­fy­fkbp­ejåo­t­cndf,wt­y­y­jcnt­q,blt­qbby­cnbnenjdCIF.

Yjdsqéeh­y­fkbp­lft­nczt­ét­vt­czx­y­jy­ffy­ukbqcr­jvzp­sr­t­,fp­fnt­vdsöjlbndgt­h­t­djlföy­fbcgfy­cr­bq,gjh­neufkmcr­bq,h­eccr­bqbah­fy­wep­cr­bqzp­sr­b.Jn-lt­kmy­st­y­jvt­h­fgeåkbr­eñ­ncznfr­ét­y­ffh­fåcr­jv,r­bnfqcr­jvbgt­h­cblcr­jvzp­sr­fö.Rfélsqbp­éeh­y­f-kjdbvt­t­ndsöjly­st­lfy­y­st­:njv,cjjndt­ncndeñ­o­bqx­bckekt­njny­fx­fkfbp­lfy­bz,by­jvt­h­,cjjndt­ncn-deñ­o­bqjx­t­h­t­ly­jvey­jvt­h­eéeh­y­fkf,bp­lfdft­vjujdnt­r­eo­t­vujle.

Vy­t­y­bz,dscr­fp­sdft­vst­dänböéeh­y­fkfö,y­t­jåzp­f-nt­kmy­jjnh­féfñ­ndp­ukzlsbkbgjkbnbr­egh­fdbnt­km-cndfCIF.Ujcelfh­cndt­y­y­sqlt­gfh­nfvt­y­nCIFy­t­y­t­ct­njndt­ncndt­y­y­jcnbp­fcjlt­h­éfy­bt­cfqnjdBy­-nt­h­y­t­nf,y­fr­jnjh­st­t­cnmccskr­bdéeh­y­fkfö,bkbljcnegr­nfr­bvcfqnfv;änejndt­ncndt­y­y­jcnmy­t­cenböbp­lfnt­kb.Éeh­y­fkmy­st­cnfnmb,ajnjuh­fabbbbkkñ­cnh­fwbbvjéy­jdjcgh­jbp­djlbnmbgt­h­t­djlbnmp­fgh­t­lt­kfvbCjt­lby­t­y­y­söInfnjd,t­ckbvfnt­h­bfksy­t­cjgh­jdjélfñ­nczx­t­nr­bver­fp­fy­bt­vy­fjuh­fy­bx­t­-y­bz,y­fkfuft­vst­fdnjh­cr­bvgh­fdjv.Dgjckt­ly­t­vckex­ft­y­t­jåöjlbvjgjkex­bnmh­fp­h­t­i­t­y­bt­edkflt­km-wt­dfdnjh­cr­bögh­fd,egjvzy­ensödéeh­y­fkt­.

Nt­r­eo­bt­bkbgh­t­lsleo­bt­y­jvt­h­féeh­y­fkjd,fnfr­ét­fy­jy­cåeleo­böéeh­y­fkjdvjéy­jy­fqnbdy­t­cr­jkmr­böäkt­r­nh­jy­y­söajh­vfnföy­fcnh­fy­bwt­Åñ­h­jvt­éley­fh­jly­söby­ajh­vfwbjy­y­sögh­juh­fvvdBy­nt­h­y­t­nt­ht­t­p://usi­nfo.st­at­e.gov/journals/journals.ht­m. Rjvvt­y­nfh­bbbp­fvt­x­fy­bzy­fgh­fdkzqnt­dgjcjkmcn-djCIFddfi­t­qcnh­fy­t­bkbdh­t­lfr­wbñ­gjflh­t­ce:

Edi­t­or, eJournal USA: Global IssuesIIP/T/GICU.S. Depart­ment­ of St­at­e301 4t­h St­reet­, SWWashi­ngt­on, DC 20547Uni­t­ed St­at­es of Ameri­caÄkt­r­nh­jy­y­sqflh­t­c: ejglobal@st­at­e.gov

Ukjåfkmy­st­gh­jåkt­vsnjv11,y­jvt­h­3

Aj­nj­ yf j­å­kj­é­rt: Xktys ärb­gfé­tq rj­c­vb­xtc­rj­uj­ xtkyj­rf CNC-71, ≤Vb­h-18≥ b­ ≤Vb­h-19≥ gj­pb­he­ñn dj­ dhtvz gj­ktnf d yfe­xyj­v vj­le­kt ≤Cgtqc­kfå­≥ d b­ñyt 1995 uj­lf. Hfphfå­j­nfyyfz Tdhj­gtq-c­rb­v rj­c­vb­xtc­rb­v futync­ndj­v kfå­j­hfnj­hb­z ≤Cgtqc­kfå­≥ å­skf gj­vtotyf d uhe­pj­dj­q j­nc­tr rj­c­vb­xtc­rj­uj­ rj­hfå­kz vyj­uj­hfpj­-dj­uj­ b­c­gj­km­pj­dfyb­z YF­CF­ b­ lj­c­nfdktyf yf j­hå­b­ne­, ult e­xtyst hfå­j­nfkb­ b­ ghj­dj­lb­kb­ ärc­gthb­vtyns dj­ vyj­ub­ö j­å­kfc­nzö yfe­rb­. C hfphtityb­z YF­CF­

Page 3: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

Yfer­f–bcnjx­y­br­by­y­jdfwbq,r­jnjh­st­ekex­-i­fñ­np­ljh­jdmt­kñ­lt­q,jåkt­ux­fñ­nnh­el,gjdsi­fñ­näaat­r­nbdy­jcnmbcgjkmp­jdfy­bz

äy­t­h­ubbbh­fci­bh­zñ­ny­fi­t­gjy­bvfy­bt­r­jcvjcfbébdjqgh­bh­jls.

Yjgjceo­t­cndey­f-er­fzdkzt­nczlt­znt­km-y­jcnmñ­nsczx­bnsczx­ex­t­y­sö,h­fåjnfñ­o­bödh­fvr­föukjåfkmy­jujy­fex­y­jujcjjåo­t­cndf.Bcckt­ljdfnt­kblt­kzn-czh­t­p­ekmnfnfvbcdjt­qh­fåjnslh­euclh­eujv,ex­fcndeñ­ndcjdvt­cn-y­söby­bwbfnbdfö,geåkbr­eñ­ndnt­öy­bx­t­c-r­böéeh­y­fkföcnfnmbdcjfdnjh­cndt­,gh­jdjlznr­jy­at­h­t­y­wbb,gjkmp­e-ñ­nczBy­nt­h­y­t­njvbcgt­wbfkbp­bh­jdfy­y­svbdscjr­jcr­jh­jcny­svbct­nzvblfy­y­sölkzy­fex­y­jqh­fåjnsbdgh­t­gjlfdfy­bb.

Yfex­y­fzlt­znt­km-y­jcnmgt­h­t­ct­r­ft­ny­fwbj-y­fkmy­st­uh­fy­bwsbcjp­lft­ncbcnt­vejny­ji­t­y­bq,dr­jnjh­jqcvt­i­bdfñ­ncznh­flbwbbbr­ekmneh­sbh­fp­-dbdfñ­nczdleöt­cjnh­ely­bx­t­cndf,y­t­cvjnh­zy­fdh­t­-vt­y­y­st­nh­ely­jcnb,jåeckjdkt­y­y­st­cjjåh­fét­y­bzvbåt­p­jgfcy­jcnbbär­jy­jvbx­t­cr­jqr­jy­r­eh­t­y­wbt­q.

Yfcnh­fy­bwföänjujéeh­y­fkfex­t­y­st­,by­ét­y­t­h­s,bcckt­ljdfnt­kbbgt­lfujub,h­fåjnfñ­o­bt­cp­fh­eåt­é-y­svbr­jkkt­ufvby­fgt­h­t­ly­t­vr­h­ft­cjdh­t­vt­y­y­jqy­fer­b,h­fccr­fp­sdfñ­njcdjt­qbcckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­jqlt­znt­kmy­jcnbbp­fukzlsdfñ­ndåeleo­t­t­vt­éle-y­fh­jly­jujy­fex­y­jujcjnh­ely­bx­t­cndf.

Cr­jnnUjh­jdbwbp­YFCFgbi­t­njnjv,r­fr­dy­jdjvr­jcvbx­t­cr­jvdt­r­t­cnh­fy­svbh­fnh­elzncz

dvt­cnt­,x­njåsjåt­cgt­x­bnmljcnbét­y­bzdbcckt­ljdf-y­bbr­jcvjcf,gh­t­djcöjlzo­bt­aby­fy­cjdsqbnt­öy­b-x­t­cr­bqgjnt­y­wbfkkñ­åjqjnlt­kmy­jdp­znjqcnh­fy­s.Nh­jt­ex­t­y­sögh­bgjllt­h­ér­t­Vt­éley­fh­jly­jujwt­y­nh­fgt­h­cgt­r­nbdy­söbcckt­ljdfy­bqdjåkfcnb

p­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzbvt­-y­bLéjy­fÄ.Ajufh­nb,r­jnjh­sqaey­r­wbjy­b-h­et­ndcbcnt­vt­Yfwbj-y­fkmy­söby­cnbnenjdp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzCIF,h­fåjnfñ­ncr­jkkt­ufvbdNfbkfy­-lt­,Wt­y­nh­fkmy­jqbDjcnjx­y­jqTdh­jgt­bGt­h­ey­flekex­i­t­y­b-t­vp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzdvbh­t­.Fcnh­jabp­br­YFCFLéjp­t­aLf-dbkfh­fccr­fp­sdft­njh­t­lr­jvgjky­jvcjk-y­t­x­y­jvp­fnvt­y­bbbjnjv,r­fr­jy­jdgt­h­dst­cdt­kjdvt­cnt­ex­t­y­söbp­Kbdbb,Cjt­lby­t­y­-y­söInfnjd,Idt­qwf-h­bb,Bnfkbb,Ah­fy­wbbbUt­h­vfy­bbdlh­t­dy­t­q

kbdbqcr­jqgecnsy­t­lkznjuj,x­njåsbp­ex­fnmcjk-y­t­x­y­eñ­r­jh­jy­ebgt­h­t­lfdfnmcjjåo­t­y­bzjåänjvcjåsnbbgjdct­vevbh­e.Yjh­åt­h­nÖjkmnr­fvg,r­jnjh­sqåelt­nh­er­jdjlbnmcnh­jbnt­kmcndjvr­h­eg-y­t­qi­t­ujdvbh­t­h­t­fr­njh­fnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujcby­nt­p­f,jåüzcy­zt­n,r­fr­Vt­éley­fh­jly­sqär­cgt­h­bvt­y­nfkm-y­sqnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­sqh­t­fr­njh­vjét­ncnfnmbcnjx­y­b-r­jvx­bcnjqäy­t­h­ubbbeljdkt­ndjh­bnmh­fcneo­bqcgh­jcy­fäy­t­h­ubñ­djdct­vvbh­t­.

Lh­eubt­är­cgt­h­nsdscr­fp­sdfñ­ncdjbvsckbgjdjgh­jcecjnh­ely­bx­t­cndfdh­fvr­föy­fex­y­söukj-åfkmy­sögfh­ny­t­h­cnd.

Jå änjv ds­gec­rt

Extyst hfphfå­fnsdfñn ghb­å­j­h d hfvrfö c­j­dvtc­nyj­uj­ ghj­trnf ≤Rj­v-gfrnysq vñj­yysq c­j­ktyj­b­l≥ Tdhj­gtqc­rj­q j­hufyb­pfwb­b­ gj­ zlthysv b­c­c­ktlj­dfyb­zv.

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Page 4: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

Yf­erf­ b ntö­yj­kj­ubz: vj­cn vté­le rekm­nehf­vb b cnhf­yf­vb LéjhLé Fn­rb­cjy, cjdtn­yb­r ujce­LFhcn­dtyyj­uj ctrhtn­Fhz cIF gj yFe­rt b­ n­tö­yjkjub­b­

Cnhf­ys d rj­cvj­ct crjn­n­ ujhjdb­w, gjvjo­yb­r Lb­htrn­jhF yFcF gj djghjcFv b­ccktLjdFn­tkmcrb­ö­ gjktn­jd d In­FÅ­rdFhn­b­ht rjcvb­xtcrjuj Futyn­cn­dF cIF d dFIb­yun­jyt.

Pfgjckt­ly­bt­50kt­nkñ­lbljåbkbcmp­y­fx­b-nt­kmy­söecgt­öjddjcdjt­y­bbr­jcvjcfbdh­fp­dbnbbvt­éley­fh­jly­jujcjnh­ely­bx­t­cndf,åkfujlfh­zr­jnjh­jvejy­jcnfkjdjp­vjéy­sv.

D uj­hj­lt pyf­ybz xFhkmp n­jhg, LtrFy e­yb­dthcb­n­tn­F rFhytub­­vtkkjyF d Ljö­t (rFn­Fh) Cnelt­y­nsbp­h­t­ubjy­fGt­h­cblcr­jujp­fkbdfvjuengjkex­bnmjåh­fp­jdfy­bt­dr­fnfh­cr­jvjnlt­kt­y­bbfvt­h­br­fy­cr­jujEy­bdt­h­cbnt­nfRfh­-y­t­ub-Vt­kkjy­f.Rfnfh­cr­bqajy­ljåh­fp­jdfy­bz,y­fer­bbcjwbfkmy­jujh­fp­dbnbzgh­t­lkjébkby­bwbfnbde≤Ujh­jlp­y­fy­bz≥,wt­kmr­jnjh­jqgh­t­dh­fnbnmRfnfh­djåh­fp­jdfnt­kmy­sqby­fex­-y­sqwt­y­nh­vbh­jdjujeh­jdy­z.

Ghtj­lj­ktybt hf­phsdf­ Xnjåskbr­dblbh­jdfnmh­fp­h­sddeh­jdy­t­p­lh­f-djjöh­fy­t­y­bzdcnh­fy­fövbh­f,Vt­éley­fh­jl-y­sqwt­y­nh­gt­h­cgt­r­nbdy­söbcckt­ljdfy­bqd

jåkfcnbp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzbvt­y­bLéjy­fAjufh­nb,aey­r­wbjy­bh­eñ­o­bqdcbcnt­vt­Yfwbjy­fkmy­söby­cnbnenjdp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzCIF,h­fp­dbdft­ngfh­ny­t­h­cndfvt­élefvt­-h­br­fy­cr­bvbex­t­y­svbbböby­jcnh­fy­y­svbr­jkkt­ufvb,gh­t­lkfufzuh­fy­nsbcnbgt­y­lbb,jh­ufy­bp­ezgjjo­h­bnt­kmy­st­jåvt­y­sbbcgjkm-p­ezlh­eubt­djp­vjéy­jcnb,gh­t­ljcnfdkzt­vst­vt­éley­fh­jly­svbcjukfi­t­y­bzvb.

∆ Ghb­vt­yt­yb­t­ rjvgmñ­nt­hysö vjlt­kt­q d ägb­lt­vb­jkjub­b­ LjyFkmL Åthr, LtrFy b­ pFdtLe­ñ­o­b­q Fcgb­­hFyn­e­hjq yF rFatLht jÅo­tcn­dtyyjuj pLhFdj­jö­hFytyb­z gb­n­cÅe­hucrjuj e­yb­dthcb­n­tn­F

∆ Cjplf­yb­t­ ärjkjub­xt­c­rb­ åt­pjgf­c­ysö ec­kjdb­q éb­pyb­ b­ nhelf­ d vjkjlsö lt­vjrhf­nb­zö n­jvFc re­r, ghjatccjh aFre­kmn­tn­F jÅo­tcn­­dtyyjuj pLhFdjjö­hFytyb­z e­yb­dthcb­n­tn­F In­F­n­F FqjdF, cgtwb­Fkb­cn­ gj ärjkjub­xtcrb­v Fcgtrn­Fv jö­hFys n­he­LF

∆ Ukjåf­kmyjt­ plhf­djjöhf­yt­yb­t­ d Gt­he gFn­hb­cb­z uFhcb­F, ghjatccjh aFre­kmn­tn­F pLhFdjjö­hFytyb­z gthe­Fycrjuj e­yb­dthcb­n­t­n­F b­vtyb­ rFtn­Fyj ähtLb­F, Lb­htrn­jh gthe­­Fycrjuj yFwb­jyFkmyjuj b­ycn­b­n­e­n­F pLhFdj­jö­hFytyb­z

Ujce­lfh­cn­dty­y­sq ltgfh­n­fvty­n­ cIf / jr­n­zåh­m 2006 Ujlf / n­jv 11 / y­jvth­ 3

ht­t­p://usi­nfo.st­at­e.gov/pub/ejournalusa.ht­ml

6

Yf­ex­YJt cJnhel­Yb­x­tcndJ d hf­v­rf­ö: ukJåf­km­Ysö gf­hnYthcnd

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Page 5: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

Yf­ex­yj­t cj­nhelybx­tcndj­ d bpex­tybb gj­kyj­uj­ cj­kytx­yj­uj­ pf­nvtybz Léjpta LFdb­kF, Fcn­hjab­pb­r, yFe­xysq cjn­he­Lyb­r jn­LtkF utkb­jab­pb­rb­ wtyn­hF rjcvb­xtcrb­ö­ gjktn­jd b­vtyb­ ujLLFhLF yFcF d vähb­ktyLt

Gt­h­dsqjgsncjdvt­cny­jqy­fex­y­jqlt­znt­km-y­jcnbex­t­y­söYFCFbKbdbb–29vfh­nf2006ujlfjy­bbp­ex­fkbgjky­jt­cjky­t­x­y­jt­p­fnvt­y­bt­,r­jnjh­jt­åskjkex­i­t­dct­ujy­fåkñ­lfnmdkbdbqcr­jqgecnsy­t­.

Dbhnef­km­yj­t ktx­tybt uähb­ ctkyje­, b­cgjkyb­n­tkmysq Lb­htrn­jh ≤e­FqhtL b­yn­thyäIyk≥, ghjatccjh b­ycn­b­­n­e­n­F äLtkmvFyF ghb­ e­yb­dthcb­n­tn­t In­Fn­F rFkb­ajhyb­z d cFy­ahFywb­crj

Nsczx­bbh­fr­cr­bödh­fx­t­q,vt­lct­cnt­h­bcne-lt­y­njd-vt­lbr­jdvjuengjdsi­fnmcdjñ­r­df-kbabr­fwbñ­bdjccnfy­fdkbdfnmvt­lbwby­cr­eñ­by­ah­fcnh­er­neh­e,r­jnjh­eñ­cjdt­h­i­t­y­y­jbuy­j-h­bh­jdfkåsdi­bqlbr­nfnjh­CfllfvÖect­qy­,åkfujlfh­zby­y­jdfwbjy­y­jqgh­juh­fvvt­,cdzp­s-dfñ­o­t­qböcåjkmy­bwfvbbvt­lbwby­cr­bvbåfp­fvblfy­y­södct­ujvbh­f.

Vté­leyf­hj­lysq ärcgthbvtynf­km­ysq nthvj­zlthysq htf­rnj­h BNÄH: åeleott nthvj­zlthyj­q äythutnbrb yjhÅthn­ ö­jkmn­rFvg, pFvtcn­b­n­tkm utythFkm­yjuj Lb­htrn­jhF ghjtrn­F b­ he­rjdjLb­n­tkm cn­hjb­n­tkmcn­dF n­thvjzLthyjuj htFrn­jhF.

Änjngh­jt­r­ngh­t­lcnfdkzt­ncjåjqi­fudåe-leo­t­t­äy­t­h­ut­nbr­b,r­julfcnh­fy­s-ex­fcny­bwsbdt­cmvbh­gjkex­fnbcnjx­y­br­är­jkjubx­t­cr­bx­bcnjqbnt­jh­t­nbx­t­cr­by­t­bcx­t­h­gft­vjqäkt­r­-nh­jäy­t­h­ubb.

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GLORIAD: cj­nhelybx­tcndj­ d j­åkf­cnb yf­ex­ysö­ bccktlj­df­ybq b j­åhf­pj­df­ybz uhäu rje­k, he­rjdjLb­n­tkm ghjtrn­F ukj­ÅFkmyFz ctn­m gthtLjdsö­ ghb­kjétyb­q (GLORIAD) ghb­ e­yb­dthcb­n­tn­t n­tyytccb­ b­ jrhb­Lécrjq yFwb­jyFkmyjq kFÅjhFn­jhb­b­ vb­yb­cn­thcn­dF äythutn­b­rb­ cIF

GLORIADgh­t­ljcnfdkzt­nex­t­y­svdct­ujvbh­fdscjr­jcr­jh­jcny­st­ct­nb,r­jnjh­st­ekex­i­fñ­nr­jvvey­br­fwbñ­bjåvt­y­lfy­y­svb,jåt­cgt­x­bdfzfr­nbdy­jt­gjdct­ly­t­dy­jt­y­fex­y­jt­cjnh­ely­bx­t­cndjdh­t­i­t­y­bbgh­jåkt­vdvfc-i­nfåfövbh­f.

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Page 6: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

léj­hlé fnr­b­cj­y ghb­­itk d Uj­ce­lfhcndtyysq ltgfhnfvtyn cIf d fdue­cnt 1981 uj­lf yf lj­kéyj­cnm­ cnfhituj­ cgtwb­fkb­cnf gj­ yfe­r­t, ntö­yj­kj­ub­b­ b­ lb­gkj­vf­nb­b­ ghb­ gj­llthér­t fvt­hb­r­fycr­j­uj­ ab­pb­xtcr­j­uj­ b­ycnb­ne­nf. d 2003 uj­le­ nj­ulfiyb­q uj­ce­lfhcn­dtyysq ctr­htnfhm­ r­j­kb­y gfe­äkk yfpyfxb­k tuj­

dnj­hsv cj­dtnyb­r­j­v uj­ce­lfhcndtyyj­uj­ ctr­htnfhz gj­ yfe­r­t b­ ntö­yj­kj­ub­b­. jy j­cnftncz ghj­atccj­hj­v ö­b­vb­b­ b­ j­gnb­xtcr­b­ö­ yfe­r­ fhb­pj­ycr­j­uj­ e­yb­dthcb­ntnf, ö­j­nz dhtvtyyj­ yt xb­nftn ktr­wb­q.

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Yfex­y­st­ecgt­öby­fi­t­ujdh­t­vt­y­bjnkbx­fñ­nczjnljcnbét­y­bq20-ujdt­r­f,gjcr­jkmr­ejy­bjr­fp­sdfñ­ny­t­gjch­t­lcndt­y­y­jt­bp­fx­fcneñ­juh­jvy­jt­dkbzy­bt­y­f

vbh­jdeñ­är­jy­jvbr­eb,ckt­ljdfnt­kmy­j,gh­zvjt­dkbz-y­bt­y­fvt­éley­fh­jly­st­jny­ji­t­y­bz.Djvy­juböcnh­f-y­fö,t­ckby­t­dåjkmi­by­cndt­,y­fcnbkmébp­y­b,är­jy­j-vbr­ebcjwbfkmy­st­cnh­er­neh­s,dgt­h­deñ­jx­t­h­t­lm,dkbzt­neh­jdt­y­mböy­fex­y­j-nt­öy­bx­t­cr­jujh­fp­dbnbzb,djdnjh­eñ­jx­t­h­t­lm,ljcnegr­y­fer­t­bnt­öy­jkjubb.

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Vt­éley­fh­jly­fzh­jkmy­fer­bbnt­öy­jkjubbgj-cnjzy­y­jvt­y­zt­ncz.Yfgh­jnzét­y­bbåjkmi­t­qx­fcnb19-ujbdy­fx­fkt­20-ujdt­r­fljvby­bh­eñ­o­t­qcbkjqdy­fex­y­söbcckt­ljdfy­bzöbh­fp­dbnbbnt­öy­jkjubbås-kfTdh­jgf.Cct­h­t­lby­s20-ujcnjkt­nbzbdy­fx­fkt­21-ujdt­r­fljvby­bh­eñ­o­t­qukjåfkmy­jqcbkjqdy­f-ex­y­söbcckt­ljdfy­bzöbh­fp­dbnbbnt­öy­jkjubbcnfkbCjt­lby­t­y­y­st­Infns.

Bcnjh­bzex­bny­fc,x­njkblt­h­cndjdy­fer­t­bnt­öy­j-kjubbgh­t­öjlzo­t­.Gh­bh­jlfcfvjqy­fer­b,jh­bt­y­nbh­j-dfy­y­jqy­fcjdvt­cny­st­bcckt­ljdfy­bz,dcjx­t­nfy­bbcnt­y­lt­y­wbt­qr­vt­éley­fh­jly­svgfh­ny­t­h­cndfvjåzp­f-nt­kmy­jgh­bdt­lt­nr­njve,x­njdåeleo­t­vy­fex­y­jt­kblt­h­cndjh­fcgh­t­lt­kbnczvt­élecnh­fy­fvbujh­fp­ljåjkt­t­h­fdy­jvt­h­y­j.

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Page 7: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

dct­ulfelt­kzkbbvljcnfnjx­y­jdy­bvfy­bz.Aey­lf-vt­y­nfkmy­st­gh­t­lcnfdkt­y­bz,r­jnjh­st­åjkmi­by­cndjex­t­y­söbby­ét­y­t­h­jdbp­dkt­r­fñ­nbp­cdjt­ujjåh­fp­j-dfy­bz,nfr­bt­ét­,r­fr­nt­,r­jnjh­st­ajh­vbh­eñ­nbgjllt­h­ébdfñ­nlt­vjr­h­fnbx­t­cr­bt­jåo­t­cndf,–änjblt­b,gt­h­t­ct­r­fñ­o­bt­uh­fy­bwsbr­ekmneh­s;gh­jp­h­fx­-y­jcnmdajh­vt­geåkbr­fwbbh­t­p­ekmnfnjd;dféy­jcnmujcelfh­cndt­y­y­jujjåh­fp­jdfy­bz.Cnfr­bögh­t­lcnfdkt­-y­bqy­fx­by­ft­nczkñ­åfzlbcr­eccbzjåby­y­jdfwbzö.

Yfex­y­jjåjcy­jdfy­y­jt­gh­by­znbt­h­t­i­t­y­bq–djncnbkmåeleo­t­uj.Dh­zlkbey­fcåelt­nåjkmi­jqdsåjh­.Vsy­t­vjét­vp­fr­jy­jlfnt­kmy­svgent­vbp­vt­y­bnmgjujle,by­ét­y­t­h­y­st­gh­by­wbgsbkbby­at­r­-wbjy­y­st­p­fåjkt­dfy­bz.Gjänjvevsljkéy­sbvt­nmdjp­vjéy­jcnmeljcnjdt­h­bnmczcfvbvbgeåkbx­y­jp­fdt­h­bnmy­fi­böbp­åbh­fnt­kt­q,x­njvsbcöjlbvbp­öj-h­ji­jjåjcy­jdfy­y­jqby­ajh­vfwbb,båsnmujnjdsvblt­kbnmczänjqby­ajh­vfwbt­qy­t­p­fdbcbvjjnujcelfh­-cndt­y­y­söuh­fy­bw.

Yfex­y­j-nt­öy­bx­t­cr­jt­gh­t­lgh­by­bvfnt­kmcndjljké-y­jgh­böjlbnmcjåt­cgt­x­t­y­bt­vgjkbnbx­t­cr­jqbär­jy­j-vbx­t­cr­jqcnfåbkmy­jcnb,gjcr­jkmr­eby­y­jdfwbbvjuenlt­qcndjdfnmkbi­mnjulf,r­julfvjuenåsnmh­t­fkbp­j-dfy­sljkujch­jx­y­st­wt­kb.Tckbvsåelt­vgjvy­bnm,x­njy­fex­y­eñ­h­fåjnekex­i­t­dct­ujdt­cnbcjjåo­f,ey­fcåelt­nujh­fp­ljkex­i­t­t­gh­t­lcnfdkt­y­bt­jnjv,r­fr­t­t­ekex­i­bnm.Dr­jy­nt­r­cnt­åeleo­t­ujukjåfkmy­j-ujy­fex­y­j-nt­öy­bx­t­cr­jujh­fp­dbnbzkex­i­t­t­,x­njdct­vsvjét­vclt­kfnm,änjljåbdfnmczecgt­öfjåo­bvbcbkfvb.

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Page 8: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

jcdj­tyb­t r­j­cvj­cf åthtn cdj­t yfxfkj­ c nj­uj­ dhtvt­yb­, r­j­ulf kñ­lb­ yf Ptvkt cnfkb­ cvj­nhtnm­ yf ytåj­ b­ pfgb­csdfnm­ ldb­étyb­t pdtpl b­ gkfytn. d yfcnj­z­ott dhtvz 12 xtkj­dtr­ e­ét gj­åsdfkb­ yf Ke­yt, b­ åj­­ktt 80 cnhfy ghj­dj­lb­kb­ b­ ghj­lj­kéfñ­n ghj­dj­lb­nm­ cj­dvtcnye­ñ­ hfåj­ne­ c ntv, xnj­ås gj­cskfnm­ r­j­c­vb­xtcr­b­t ktnfntkm­yst fggfhfns­hj­åj­ns gj­xnb­ yf dct gkfytns yf­itq cj­kytxyj­q cb­cntvs. y­f pfht yj­dj­uj­ r­j­cvb­xtcr­j­uj­ dtr­f dtle­ob­t cnhfys vb­hf, pfyb­vfñ­ob­tcz b­ccktlj­dfyb­zvb­ r­j­cvj­cf, j­åütlb­­yzz cdj­b­ e­cb­kb­z, lj­åb­dfñ­ncz nfr­b­ö­ lj­cnb­étyb­q,

r­j­nj­hst dsö­j­lzn pf ghtltks ab­yfycj­dsö­ b­ ntö­yb­­xtcr­b­ö­ dj­pvj­éyj­cntq r­fr­j­q­kb­åj­ j­lyj­q cnhfys.

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Page 9: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

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Yfx­by­fzc50-öujljdgh­ji­kjujdt­r­f,y­t­åjkmi­jt­x­bckj≤äkbny­sö≥ujce-lfh­cnd,gh­by­bvfdi­böex­fc-nbt­djcdjt­y­bbr­jcvjcf,dsh­jckjbdy­fcnjzo­t­t­dh­t­vzgh­t­dsi­ft­n80.Bdt­p­-lt­bp­ex­t­y­bt­r­jcvbx­t­cr­jujgh­jcnh­fy­cndfy­fgh­fdkt­y­jy­fåkfujjåo­t­cndf.Åeleo­t­t­jcdjt­y­bt­r­jcvjcfåelt­njc-y­jdfy­jy­fvt­éley­fh­jly­jvex­fcnbbdct­öcnh­fy­båelt­ny­fgh­fdkt­y­jy­fåkfujdct­ujx­t­kjdt­x­t­cndf.

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Yfukzly­svgh­bvt­h­jvh­fy­y­t­ujcjnh­ely­bx­t­cndfdjåkfcnbbcckt­ljdfy­bzr­jcvbx­t­cr­jujgh­jcnh­fy­-cndfvjét­nckeébnmbp­ex­t­y­bt­r­jvt­nsUfkkt­zdjdh­t­vzt­t­gh­båkbét­y­bzr­Cjky­wed1986ujle.Pfgznmkt­nljänjuj,d1981ujle,r­jcvbx­t­cr­bt­fut­y­ncndfCjdt­ncr­jujCjñ­p­f,Zgjy­bb,Tdh­jgsbCjt­lby­t­y­y­söInfnjdcjp­lfkbVt­édt­ljvcndt­y­-y­eñ­r­jy­cekmnfnbdy­eñ­uh­eggecnt­v,x­njåsdy­t­ajh­vfkmy­svgjh­zlr­t­r­jjh­lby­bh­jdfnmdjgh­jcs,jny­jczo­bt­czr­r­jcvbx­t­cr­bvgh­jt­r­nfv,r­jnjh­st­gkfy­bh­jdfkbcmcwt­kmñ­gh­jdt­lt­y­bzy­fåkñ­lt­y­bqp­fdsi­t­egjvzy­enjqr­jvt­njq.D1986ujlegznmr­jcvbx­t­cr­bökt­nfnt­kmy­söfggfh­fnjdbp­änböcnh­fy­cåkbp­bkbcmcr­jvt­njqUfkkt­z.Dféy­fzby­ajh­vf-wbz,jåvt­y­r­jnjh­jqgh­jbp­ji­t­kdh­t­p­ekmnfnt­cj-nh­ely­bx­t­cndfdh­fvr­föänjqvt­éley­fh­jly­jquh­eg-gs,jr­fp­fkfcmåt­cwt­y­y­jqlkzbp­ex­t­y­bzr­jvt­ns.

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Gjljåy­jt­cjnh­ely­bx­t­cndjdljöy­jdkzt­ny­fcy­fåeleo­bt­cdt­h­i­t­y­bz.Rjulfdt­kbr­bt­lt­h­éfdsgjky­sh­t­i­bvjcnbndjh­bnmdt­kbr­bt­lt­kf,njjy­b,lt­qcndezdvt­cnt­cjcdjbvbcjñ­p­y­br­fvbbgfh­ny­t­-h­fvb,ljåbdfñ­nczåjkmi­t­ujecgt­öf.Bjcdjt­y­bt­r­jcvjcfy­fukzly­jgjlndt­h­élft­nänj.

Jly­fr­jr­fr­åsy­bujh­lbkbcmvsy­fi­bvbgh­ji­-ksvbh­t­p­ekmnfnfvb,y­jdsqr­jcvbx­t­cr­bqdt­r­gh­t­lkfuft­ny­jdst­dsp­jds.Zeåt­élt­y­,x­njdy­t­-lfkt­r­jvåeleo­t­v,r­julfp­t­vkzy­t­gjcvjnh­zny­fKey­ednt­kt­cr­jgs,jy­bdjjx­bñ­eåt­lznczdnjv,x­njgbkjnbh­et­vst­x­t­kjdt­r­jvbh­jåjnbp­bh­jdfy­-y­st­r­jcvbx­t­cr­bt­gjkt­nsgh­by­jczngjkmp­edct­vex­t­kjdt­x­t­cnde.

Pt­vkzy­t­,cr­jh­t­qdct­uj,cvjuenedblt­nmy­fgj-dt­h­öy­jcnbKey­sy­fex­y­j-bcckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­eñ­cnfy­-wbñ­cvt­éley­fh­jly­svär­bgfét­v,lkzr­jnjh­jujkey­y­sqh­t­ujkbn–ckjqh­sökjqgjh­jls,gjr­jz-o­bqczy­fåjkt­t­ndt­h­ljqgjh­jlt­–gh­t­lcnfdkzt­ncjåjqgjkt­p­y­sqh­t­ceh­c,gjp­djkzñ­o­bqbcckt­ljdf-nt­kzvceo­t­cndjdfnmåjkt­t­y­t­p­fdbcbvjjnPt­vkb.Yt­bcr­kñ­x­t­y­j,x­njy­fjåh­fny­jqcnjh­jy­t­Key­såelenh­fp­vt­o­t­y­sfy­nt­y­y­s,r­jnjh­st­åelencdzp­f-y­snfr­,x­njjåh­fp­eñ­nvjo­y­sqh­flbjnt­kt­cr­jg,y­t­gjldt­h­ufñ­o­bqczdjp­lt­qcndbñ­h­flbjgjvt­öcPt­v-kb.Lh­eubt­fcnh­jy­fdnsåelenp­fy­bvfnmczut­jkj-ubt­qbgjgsnfñ­nczlfnmjndt­ny­fdjgh­jcjnjv,r­fr­bvjåh­fp­jvdjp­y­br­kfcbcnt­vfPt­vkz-Key­f,lfbcfvfébp­y­m.Bgjr­fjly­båelenp­fy­bvfnmczdct­vänbv,lh­eubt­åelenujnjdbnm500-njy­y­sqr­jcvbx­t­cr­bqr­jh­fåkmr­cjdt­h­i­t­y­bñ­gt­h­djujgj-kt­nfy­fVfh­c.

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Yf b­kkñc­nhfwb­b­, ghtlj­c­nfdktyyj­q Zgj­yc­rb­v futync­ndj­v gj­ b­c­c­ktlj­dfyb­ñ fähj­rj­c­vb­xtc­rj­uj­ ghj­c­nhfyc­ndf, öe­lj­é­yb­rj­v b­pj­å­hfé­ty rj­c­vb­xtc­rb­q rj­hfå­km­, ktnzob­q yfl gj­dthöyj­c­nm­ñ Vfhc­f.

© F­G b­vb­lé­b­c­/Zgj­yc­rj­t futync­ndj­ gj­ b­c­c­ktlj­dfyb­ñ fähj­rj­c­vb­xtc­rj­uj­ ghj­c­nhfyc­ndf

Page 13: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

d 2004 uj­le­ xfcnysq e­yb­dthcb­ntn r­fhytub­­vtk­kj­yf, yfö­j­lzob­qcz d gb­ncåe­hut, j­nr­hsk vtéle­­yfhj­lyj­t j­nltktyb­t d uj­hj­lt lj­ö­f, r­fnfh (ht­t­p://www.qat­ar.cmu.edu), ghtlkj­éb­d cne­ltynfv gthcb­l­cr­j­uj­ pfkb­df åfpj­dst r­e­hcs gj­ b­yaj­hvfnb­r­t b­ åb­p­ytce­. gj­ ghb­ukf­ityb­ñ­ r­fnfhcr­j­uj­ aj­ylf j­åhfpj­df­yb­z, yfe­r­b­ b­ cj­wb­fkm­yj­uj­ hfpdb­nb­z r­ e­yb­dthcb­ntne­ r­fhytub­­vtkkj­yf ghb­cj­tlb­yb­kb­cm­ lhe­ub­t e­yb­dthcb­­ntns. n­fr­ hj­lb­kfcm­ b­yb­wb­fnb­df ≤Uj­hj­l pyfyb­z≥, wtkm­ r­j­nj­hj­q ghtdhfnb­nm­ r­fnfh d j­åhfpj­dfntkm­­ysq b­ yfe­xysq wtynh vb­hj­dj­uj­ e­hj­dyz.

Xfhkm­p n­j­hg – ltr­fy e­yb­dthcb­ntnf r­fhytub­­vtkkj­yf d r­fnfht, ghj­atccj­h b­ åsdib­q lb­htr­nj­h Bycnb­ne­nf hj­åj­nj­ntö­yb­r­b­ ghb­ e­yb­dthcb­ntnt r­fhytub­­vtkkj­yf d gb­ncåe­hut. d änj­v b­ycnb­ne­nt j­y dj­pukfdkzk uhe­gge­, pfyb­vfdie­ñ­cz hfphfåj­nr­j­q fdnj­vfnb­xtcr­b­ e­ghfdkztvsö­ b­ccktlj­dfntkm­cr­b­ö­ ghb­åj­hj­d, b­ ghtgj­lftn ddj­lysq r­e­hc gj­ ≤vj­åb­km­yj­q hj­åj­nb­r­t≥, nj­ tcnm­ e­xb­n cne­ltynj­d cj­plfdfnm­ ldb­­ufñ­ob­ö­cz hj­åj­nj­d.

d ujhjlt pyf­ybzXfh­kmp­Njh­g

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D c­ne­ltyxtc­rj­v uj­hj­lrt Eyb­dthc­b­ntnf Rfhytub­-Vtkkj­yf d u. Lj­öt, Rfnfh, 50 c­ne­ltynj­d-gthdj­re­hc­yb­rj­d, gj­c­ne­gb­dib­ö d 2006 uj­le­, ghtlc­nfdkzñn vyj­uj­ yfwb­j­yfkm­yj­c­ntq.

Page 14: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

Vt­éley­fh­jly­st­gh­j-uh­fvvsEy­bdt­h­cbnt­-nfRfh­y­t­ub-Vt­kkjy­f

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r­eh­cjåex­t­y­bz,cjcnfdkzñ­ncnelt­y­nsbp­-p­fh­eåt­-éf.Jly­fr­jgh­juh­fvvfdLjöt­zdkzt­nczy­fi­t­qgt­h­djqgjky­jqp­fh­eåt­éy­jqgh­juh­fvvjq.Rfnfh­gh­t­lcnfdkzt­ncjåjqblt­fkmy­jt­vt­cnjlkzänjuj,gjcr­jkmr­enfvt­cnmét­kfy­bt­bh­t­ceh­cslkzajh­-vbh­jdfy­bzcbcnt­vsjåh­fp­jdfy­bzvbh­jdjujeh­jdy­z.DEy­bdt­h­cbnt­nt­Rfh­y­t­ub-Vt­kkjy­fdRfnfh­t­40cnelt­y­njdnjkmr­jx­njp­fr­jy­x­bkbdnjh­jqr­eh­c,50–gt­h­dsq,bjr­jkj50cnelt­y­njdy­fx­y­enp­fy­znbzd2006ujle.Cjdh­t­vt­y­t­v,r­julfd2008ujleey­fcåelt­ncdjt­p­lfy­bt­,vst­ét­ujly­jåelt­vgh­by­bvfnmy­fex­t­åelj100cnelt­y­njd.

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Rfnfh­cr­fzgh­juh­fvvfdt­cmvfgjkt­p­y­flkzEy­b-dt­h­cbnt­nfRfh­y­t­ub-Vt­kkjy­f.Vskex­i­t­ep­y­ft­vvt­cny­söcnelt­y­njd,dblbvdjp­vjéy­jcnblkzy­fex­-

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Page 15: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

gh­bEy­bdt­h­cbnt­nt­Rfh­y­t­ub-Vt­kkjy­fdGbncåeh­-ut­,bjlby­bp­vjböfcgbh­fy­njdct­qx­fch­fåjnft­ndRfnfh­t­,cnfh­fzcmgh­bvt­y­bnmr­jvgmñ­nt­h­y­st­vt­nj-lsdvjy­bnjh­by­ut­lbfåt­nfbnt­vcfvsvgjvjx­mr­fnfh­wfvh­fp­h­fåjnfnmkt­x­t­y­bt­,h­fwbjy­gbnfy­bzbh­t­ébvabp­bx­t­cr­böy­fuh­ep­jr­.Lh­eujqbp­vjböfcgb-h­fy­njdct­qx­fcp­fy­bvft­nczdRfnfh­t­h­jåjnjnt­öy­b-r­jq,gsnfzcmcjp­lfnmvjåbkmy­jujh­jåjnf,cgjcjå-y­jujcjcnfdkznmgjlh­jåy­st­r­fh­nsänjqcnh­fy­s.Dy­fcnjzo­t­t­dh­t­vzRfnfh­gh­t­lcnfdkzt­ncjåjqjly­eåjkmi­eñ­cnh­jqr­e,bt­ckbdsvjét­nt­åscnh­jex­b-nsdfnmdct­bp­vt­y­t­y­bzbåscnh­jjåy­jdkznmr­fh­ns,änjjx­t­y­mgjkt­p­y­j.

Vsgh­t­lkfuft­vldfr­eh­cfgjh­jåjnjnt­öy­br­t­,dr­kñ­x­t­y­y­st­djåo­eñ­ex­t­åy­eñ­gh­juh­fvvegjby­ajh­vfnbr­t­.Gjänjvedct­cnelt­y­ns,bp­ex­fñ­o­bt­r­jvgmñ­nt­h­s,båjkmi­by­cndjcnelt­y­njd,bp­ex­fñ­-o­böåbp­y­t­c,gh­jöjlzn,gjr­h­fqy­t­qvt­h­t­,jlby­bp­änbör­eh­cjd.Änjbp­fy­bvfnt­kmy­j–dt­lmcnelt­y­nsex­fnczcnh­jbnmh­jåjnjd,bgh­fr­nbx­y­j,gjcr­jkmr­edct­jy­bljkéy­sgjcnbx­mgh­juh­fvvbh­jdfy­bt­.Vsjåüt­lby­zt­vcnelt­y­njdduh­eggs,bjy­bh­fåjnfñ­ndvt­cnt­,ecnh­fbdfzgeåkbx­-y­st­gh­t­p­t­y­nfwbbcjp­lfy­-y­söbvbh­jåjnjd.Änj,dcdjñ­jx­t­h­t­lm,gjp­djkzt­nbvajh­vbh­jdfnmkt­r­njh­-cr­bt­y­fdsr­b.

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ey­bdt­h­cbnt­n(u.Dfi­by­unjy­)jåex­ft­nnfvdy­t­i­y­t­qgjkbnbr­t­;Rjh­y­t­kkcr­bqey­bdt­h­cbnt­n(u.Bnfr­f,i­n.Ymñ­-Qjh­r­)cjp­lft­ngh­juh­fvvejåex­t­y­bzlkzvkfli­t­ujvt­lbwby­cr­jujgt­h­cjy­fkfbvt­lbwby­cr­jt­ex­bkbo­t­;Ct­kmcr­jöjp­zqcndt­y­y­sqbgjkbnt­öy­bx­t­c-r­bqey­bdt­h­cbnt­nNt­öfcf(u.Rjkkt­lé-Cnt­qi­y­,i­n.Nt­öfc)jåex­ft­nnfvby­ét­y­t­h­y­jvelt­ke;fEy­bdt­h­-cbnt­nCjlh­eét­cndfDbh­léby­bz(u.Hbx­vjy­l,i­n.Dbh­léby­bz)jåex­ft­nlbp­fqy­e.Yfi­bp­lfy­bzy­föj-lznczåkbp­r­jlh­eujnlh­euf,bgjänjvevscnfkbgh­t­lkfufnmcnelt­y­nfvp­fgbcsdfnmczy­fr­eh­cscjct­ly­böey­bdt­h­cbnt­njd.Vsnfr­ét­cjp­lfkbcjd-vt­cny­st­gh­juh­fvvscRfnfh­cr­bvey­bdt­h­cbnt­njv–jy­h­fcgjkjét­y­dct­ujdy­t­cr­jkmr­bör­bkjvt­nh­föjny­fc.Nfr­djp­y­br­cjdt­h­i­t­y­y­jey­br­fkmy­sqy­fåjh­gh­t­lvt­njd,r­jnjh­st­vjuenbp­ex­fnmcnelt­y­nsdLjöt­br­jnjh­sqdsy­t­y­fqlt­nt­y­bdjly­jvlh­eujvex­t­åy­jvp­fdt­lt­y­bby­fy­fi­t­qgkfy­t­nt­.∆

vytyb­z, dscr­fpsdftvst d lfyyj­q cnfnm­t, yt j­åzpfntkm­yj­

j­nhféfñ­n nj­xr­e­ phtyb­z b­kb­ gj­kb­nb­r­e­ ghfdb­ntkm­cndf

cIf.

Ghtgj­lfdfntkb­ Eyb­dthc­b­ntnf Rfhytub­-Vtkkj­yf d Rfnfht gj­vj­ukb­ e­xtyb­rfv c­htlyb­ö irj­k gj­c­nhj­b­nm­ hj­å­j­nj­d b­ ghb­yznm­ e­xfc­nb­t dj­ Dnj­hj­v vté­le­yfhj­lyj­v rj­yre­hc­t gj­ hj­å­j­nj­ntöyb­rt.

C hfphtityb­z Eyb­dthc­b­ntnf Rfhytub­-Vtkkj­yf d Rfnfht

Page 16: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

Xnj­ås kb­r­db­lb­hj­dfnm­ hfphsd d e­hj­dyt plhfdj­j­ö­hfytyb­z gj­ dctve­ vb­he­, vté­le­yfhj­lysq wtynh gthcgtr­nb­dysö­ b­ccktlj­dfyb­q d j­åkfcnb­ plhfdj­j­ö­hfytyb­z b­vtyb­ léj­yf Ä. Aj­ufhnb­, ae­yr­wb­j­yb­he­ñ­ob­q d cb­cntvt y­fwb­j­yfkm­ysö­

b­ycnb­ne­nj­d plhfdj­j­ö­hfytyb­z cIf, yfkféb­dftn gfhnythcndf vtéle­ fvthb­r­fycr­b­­vb­ e­xtysvb­ b­ b­ö­ b­yj­cnhfyysvb­ r­j­kktufvb­, ghtlj­cnfdkztn uhfyns b­ cnb­gtylb­b­, gj­j­ohztn j­åvtys b­ vtéle­yfhj­lyst cj­ukfityb­z. y­b­ét cktle­ñ­n nhb­ j­xthr­f cj­­nhe­lyb­r­j­d änj­uj­ wtynhf – j­å j­åe­xtyb­b­ nfb­kfylcr­b­ö­ ägb­ltvb­j­kj­uj­d r­j­vgm­ñ­nthysv vj­ltkzv b­yatr­wb­j­yysö­ pfåj­ktdfyb­q, j­ gj­vj­ob­ vj­kj­lsv ltvj­r­hfnb­zv Wtynhfkm­­yj­q b­ dj­cnj­xyj­q tdhj­gs d cj­plfyb­b­ är­j­kj­ub­xtcr­b­ xb­cnsö­ e­ckj­db­q éb­pyb­ b­ nhe­lf b­ j­ hj­kb­ gthe­fycr­b­ö­ e­xtysö­ d htityb­b­ ghj­åktv ukj­åfkm­yj­uj­ plhfdj­j­ö­hfytyb­z.

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Cnfé­ths b­p dj­c­m­vb­ c­nhfy Wtynhfkm­yj­q b­ Dj­c­nj­xyj­q Tdhj­gs, e­xfc­nde­ñob­t d ghj­trnt Eyb­dthc­b­ntnf F­qj­ds, a­b­yfyc­b­he­tvj­v Vté­le­-yfhj­lyj­q e­xtå­yj­q b­ b­c­c­ktlj­dfntkm­c­rj­q ghj­uhfvvj­q Aj­ufhnb­ gj­ ärj­kj­ub­xtc­rj­q å­tpj­gfc­yj­c­nb­ e­c­kj­db­q é­b­pyb­ b­ nhe­lf, yf c­j­å­hfyb­b­ d Ckj­dfrb­b­.

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Page 17: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

Ght­jljkt­ybt­ hfp­hs­df: ghbvtytybt rjvgm­ñ­nthyjuj vjltkbhjdf­ybz d ägbltvbjkjubb Ljy­fkmlÅt­h­r­

lj­yfkm­l åthr­, ltr­fy b­ pfdtle­ñ­ob­q fcgb­hfyne­hj­q yf r­fatlht j­åotcndtyyj­uj­ plhfdj­j­ö­hfytyb­z gb­ncåe­hucr­j­uj­ e­yb­dthcb­ntnf

Ldfujlfzh­fåjnfkgjuh­fy­neYfwbjy­fkmy­söby­cnbnenjdp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzCIFy­flr­jvgmñ­nt­h­y­svbvjlt­kzvbägblt­vbqby­at­r­wbjy­y­söp­fåjkt­df-y­bq,r­jnjh­st­vjuenbvt­nmåjkmi­jt­p­y­fx­t­y­bt­cnjx­r­bp­h­t­y­bzy­fwbjy­fkm-

y­jqåt­p­jgfcy­jcnb.Vjzuh­eggfcjx­kfukfdy­svgh­bjh­bnt­njvuh­bgg,gjänjvevsgh­jdt­kbldfnbgfvjlt­kbh­jdfy­bzuh­bggf.Gjkjdby­eh­fåjnsgjvjlt­kbh­jdfy­bñ­vsdsgjky­bkbdcjnh­ely­bx­t­cndt­cnfbkfy­lcr­bvbex­t­y­svb,bvbnbh­jdfdubgjnt­-nbx­t­cr­eñ­ägblt­vbñ­uh­bggfdÑuj-Djcnjx­y­jqFp­bb.Pfnt­vvsbcgjkmp­jdfkbänevjlt­kmlkznjuj,x­njåsjgh­t­lt­kbnm,vjuenkbcnh­fnt­ubbdvt­i­fnt­kmcndfjcnfy­jdbnmäneägblt­vbñ­dFp­bby­fh­fy­y­t­qcnflbb–njt­cnmgh­jbp­dt­cnbnj,x­njvsy­fp­dfkb≤nei­t­y­bt­ägblt­vbb≥,–ljt­t­h­fcgh­jcnh­fy­t­y­bzgjdct­vevbh­e.

Lkzänjujvscjp­lfkbvjlt­kmy­fct­kt­y­bzÑuj-Djcnjx­y­jqFp­bb,cjch­t­ljnj-x­bddy­bvfy­bt­y­fNfbkfy­lt­.Yfi­t­vjlt­kbh­jdfy­bt­h­fcgh­t­lt­kbkj85vky­.x­t­kjdt­r­

gjr­fh­nt­dcjjndt­ncndbbcgkjny­jcnmñ­y­fct­kt­y­bz.Vsgjvt­cnbkbbödljvf,ex­t­åy­st­p­fdt­lt­y­bzby­fh­fåjx­bt­vt­cnf,bcr­eccndt­y­y­jdjccjp­lfdy­fr­jvgmñ­nt­h­t­jåo­t­cndj.Rjvgmñ­nt­h­y­svbch­t­lcndfvbvsp­fgec-nbkbdy­fct­kt­y­bt­dbh­ecuh­bggfbbp­ex­bkbgjckt­leñ­o­bt­ajh­vst­ujgt­h­t­lfx­b.Pfnt­vvsjwt­y­bkb,x­njgh­jbp­jqlt­n,t­ckbNfbkfy­låelt­nkt­x­bnmp­fåjkt­di­böbct­vmb,p­fr­h­jt­ni­r­jksbkbjuh­fy­bx­bnut­juh­f-abx­t­cr­bt­gt­h­t­vt­o­t­y­bzkñ­lt­q.Vjlt­kbh­ez,vsbp­ex­ft­vdfh­bfy­nsgh­by­bvfñ­o­böczvt­h­:gkfy­s,gh­jwt­leh­sblt­qcndbz,y­fgh­fdkt­y­y­st­y­fljcnbét­y­bt­y­fvt­x­t­y­y­jqgh­fdbnt­kmcndjvwt­kb,dlfy­y­jvckex­ft­r­jy­nh­jkzy­flägblt­vbt­q.Bvsy­fp­sdft­vdct­änjgh­bvt­y­t­y­bt­vjlt­-kbh­jdfy­bzdägblt­vbjkjubb.

Yt­djp­vjéy­jh­fp­h­fåjnfnmbgh­jdt­h­bnmvt­h­sljnjuj,r­fr­dcgsö-y­t­nägblt­vbz,y­j,jgt­h­bh­ezbvbnfwbt­qh­t­fkmy­sögh­jwt­ccjd,vjéy­jujdjh­bnmjdt­h­jzny­jcnbnjuj,x­njdjgh­t­lt­kt­y­y­söeckjdbzönfr­bt­-njvt­h­såelenåjkt­t­äaat­r­nbdy­svb,fnfr­bt­-nj–vt­y­t­t­äaat­r­nbdy­s-vb.Vsjgeåkbr­jdfkby­fi­bh­t­p­ekmnfnsdéeh­y­fkt­≤Yäqx­eh­≥(7ct­y­nzåh­z2005ujlf).Ukfdy­sqdsdjlp­fr­kñ­x­fkczdnjv,x­njt­ckbjnh­t­fubh­jdfnmy­fp­fh­jélfñ­o­eñ­czägblt­vbñ­y­fljcnfnjx­y­jh­fy­y­t­qcnflbb–vt­y­t­t­50ckex­ft­d–bbcgjkmp­jdfnmfuh­t­ccbdy­eñ­cnh­fnt­ubñ­kt­x­t­y­bzjnlt­kmy­söckex­ft­dbdct­öébnt­kt­qlfy­y­jqut­juh­fabx­t­cr­jqjåkfcnbfy­nbdbh­ecy­svbgh­t­gfh­fnfvb,njvjéy­jclt­h­éfnmbkbgjuf-cbnmdcgsi­r­e,gh­t­élt­x­t­vjy­fcnfy­t­nägblt­vbt­q.

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Page 18: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

dnjv,x­njvsy­t­h­fccx­bnsdft­vcevt­nmgjky­jcnmñ­jcnfy­jdbnmägblt­vbñ­.Yfgbr­t­ukjåfkmy­jqägblt­vbby­föjlbnmczdby­r­eåfwbjy­y­jvgt­h­bjlt­bkbåjkt­nmuh­bggjvåelt­ncnjkmdscjr­bqgh­jwt­y­ngjnt­y­wbfkmy­sögfccfébh­jd,x­njgh­t­r­h­fo­t­y­bt­lfét­99gh­jwt­y­njddjp­lei­y­sögjt­p­ljr­dCjt­lby­t­y­y­st­Infnsdct­ét­gj-p­djkbnåjkmi­jvex­bckeby­abwbh­jdfy­y­sökbwgjgfcnmdcnh­fy­ey­fcfvjkt­nt­.

Änbr­jvgmñ­nt­h­y­st­vjlt­kbnh­t­åeñ­nåjkmi­jujjåüt­vfdsx­bckt­y­bq.Vsgh­jujy­zt­vvjlt­kbnsczx­bh­fp­,gjnjvex­njdjdh­t­vzr­féljujgh­jujy­fdnjx­y­jcnbnfr­ét­,r­fr­débp­y­b,ckex­fqvjét­ngjdkbznmy­fbcöjl,bvsgjkex­ft­vy­t­cr­jkmr­jby­st­h­t­p­ekmnfns.Xnjåsjwt­y­bnmäaat­r­nbdy­jcnmnjqbkbby­jqvt­h­s,vsljkéy­svy­jujr­h­fny­jvjlt­kbh­jdfnmt­q.Änjgjp­djkzt­ngjkex­bnmgh­t­lcnfdkt­y­bt­jnjv,r­fr­jt­dkbz-y­bt­y­fägblt­vbñ­jr­fét­n,dch­t­ly­t­v,njnbkbby­jqdfh­bfy­ncnh­fnt­ubbdvt­i­fnt­kmcndf.Dp­fdbcbvjcnbjnvjlt­kbr­félsqgh­jujy­y­fcegt­h­r­jvgmñ­nt­h­t­vjét­np­fy­bvfnmgjkx­fcf.

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Page 19: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

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Page 20: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

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Page 21: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

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Reh­c≤Jcy­jdsukjåfkmy­jujp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bz≥gh­t­lcnfdkzt­ncjåjqjnr­h­snsqr­eh­clkzfcgbh­fy­njd.Ct­qx­fcänjngh­t­lvt­nbp­ex­fñ­njr­jkj80x­t­kjdt­r­.Yfvy­eéy­jjwt­y­bnmby­nt­h­t­cr­änbvnt­vfvbcjp­lfnmajh­evlkzböjåceélt­y­bz.Gh­jckei­fdr­eh­c,cnelt­y­nsljkéy­såeleny­fgbcfnmh­fåjnsgjdjgh­jcfvukj-åfkmy­jujp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bz,fvsjgeåkbr­et­vkex­i­bt­bp­y­bödcåjh­y­br­t­,r­jnjh­sqdsqlt­ndzy­dfh­t­2007ujlf.

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Vy­t­öjnt­kjcmåsgh­bukfcbnmcnelt­y­njdbp­lh­euböcnh­fy­,r­jnjh­svby­nt­h­t­cy­fänfgh­juh­fvvf,gjct­nbnmy­fi­cfqnbep­y­fnmjnjv,r­fr­gh­by­znmex­fcnbt­dänbör­eh­cfö,fgjnjvbdbcckt­ljdfy­bzö,r­jnjh­st­åelengh­jdjlbnmcz.

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Page 22: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�0 Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

léj­pta lfdb­kf, fcnhj­ab­pb­r­, yfe­xysq cj­nhe­lyb­r­ jnltkf utkb­j­ab­pb­r­b­ Wtynhf r­j­cvb­xtcr­b­ö­ gj­ktnj­d b­vtyb­ Uj­llfhlf y­fcf. jy pfyb­vftncz b­ccktlj­dfyb­zvb­ dpfb­vj­ltqcndb­q dj­ky b­ xfcnb­w yf cj­ky­wt, nhtö­vthyj­q cnhe­r­ne­hs cj­kytxyj­q r­j­hj­ys b­ vfuyb­nysv gj­ktv cj­kywf.

Dvfh­nt­2006ujlfdjdh­t­vzh­t­lr­jujx­t­nsh­t­övby­eny­jujgjky­jujcjk-y­t­x­y­jujp­fnvt­y­bzfcnh­jabp­br­b

bp­YFCFbex­t­y­st­bp­y­fex­y­j-bcckt­ljdf-nt­kmcr­böby­cnbnenjdKbdbbdgt­h­dst­h­fåj-nfkbdvt­cnt­.Dlh­t­dy­t­qgecnsy­t­y­fñ­ut­Kbdbb,ult­y­föjlbkfcmkex­i­fznjx­r­flkzy­fåkñ­lt­y­bzp­fnvt­y­bz,ex­t­y­st­ckt­lbkbp­fgjdt­lt­y­bt­vcjky­t­x­y­jqr­jh­jy­sbnh­fy­ckb-h­jdfkbänjey­br­fkmy­jt­zdkt­y­bt­lkzvbk-kbjy­y­jqfelbnjh­bbdjdct­vvbh­t­.

Yf­exyjt c­jnhelybxtc­ndj d bpextybb gjkyjuj c­jkytxyjuj pf­nvtybz

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D vj­vtyns yfxfkf b­ j­rj­yxfyb­z gj­kyj­uj­ c­j­kytxyj­uj­ pfnvtyb­z rhfq Cj­kywf rfé­tnc­z hfpj­hdfyysv yf j­nltkm­yst ≤å­e­c­b­yrb­≥ c­dtnf, yfpsdftvst ≤xtnrfvb­ Åäqkb­≥ d xtc­nm­ å­hb­nfyc­rj­uj­ fc­nhj­yj­vf Ahäyc­b­c­f Åäqkb­, j­nrhsdituj­ b­ö d 1836 uj­le­. Änb­ ≤å­e­c­b­yrb­≥ dj­pyb­rfñn, gj­nj­ve­ xnj­ j­xthnfyb­z Ke­ys b­vtñn yt-hj­dyj­c­nb­, j­å­e­c­kj­dktyyst yfkb­xb­tv yf ytq uj­hysö öhtå­nj­d. Rj­ulf db­lyf j­lyf å­e­c­b­yrf, dj­pyb­rftn äa­a­trn yfgj­lj­å­b­t å­hb­kkb­fynj­dj­uj­ rj­km­wf. Änj­n äa­a­trn yfå­kñlfkc­z gj­c­kt gj­kyj­uj­ c­j­kytxyj­uj­ pfnvtyb­z b­p ghj­db­ywb­b­ F­yfnj­kb­z d ñé­yj­q xfc­nb­ Ne­hwb­b­.

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Page 23: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

Gjky­st­cjky­t­x­y­st­p­fnvt­y­bzgh­jbcöjlzndch­t­l-y­t­vgh­bvt­h­y­jh­fp­dujlbvjueny­fåkñ­lfnmczy­t­bp­dct­önjx­t­r­p­t­vy­juji­fh­f.29vfh­nfy­fcnegbkjgjky­jt­cjky­t­x­y­jt­p­fnvt­y­bt­,lkbdi­t­t­czx­t­nsh­t­vby­ensbi­t­cnmct­r­ey­l,djdh­t­vzr­jnjh­jujKey­fp­fr­h­skflkzPt­vkbCjky­wt­bt­t­dblbvst­h­fp­vt­-h­sch­fdy­zkbcmccjky­t­x­y­svb.Pfgjckt­ly­bt­50kt­nex­t­y­st­vy­jujep­y­fkbjcjky­t­x­y­jqr­jh­jy­t­–jnr­elfåt­h­t­nczt­t­äy­t­h­ubzbr­fr­jy­fcdzp­fy­fcjcnfkmy­jqvt­égkfy­t­ny­jqch­t­ljq–y­jvy­jujt­gj-gh­t­éy­t­vejcnft­nczp­fuflr­jq.

Vy­jubt­kñ­lblfét­y­t­gjljp­h­t­dfñ­n,x­njCjky­wt­y­t­p­fr­fy­x­bdft­ncz≤ét­knsvi­fh­jv≥.Fnvjcat­h­fCjky­wfgh­jcnbh­ft­nczx­t­h­t­p­dcñ­Cjky­t­x­y­eñ­cbcnt­-ve.Pt­vkzldbét­nczdcjky­t­x­y­jqfnvjcat­h­t­,r­jnj-h­fzp­fr­fy­x­bdft­nczdh­t­ubjy­t­,y­fp­sdft­vjvuh­fy­bwt­qut­kbjgfep­s,–dy­t­i­y­bt­gh­t­lt­ksvfuy­bny­jujgjkzCjky­wfbdsnt­r­fñ­o­bqgjnjr­cjky­t­x­y­jujdt­nh­f–y­fh­fccnjzy­bbjn18lj22vkh­l.r­vjnCjky­wf.

Ckt­leñ­o­t­t­gjky­jt­cjky­t­x­y­jt­p­fnvt­y­bt­åelt­ny­fåkñ­lfnmcz1fduecnf2008ujlfdct­dt­h­y­jqx­fcnbRfy­fls,y­fj.Uh­t­y­kfy­lbz,dCbåbh­b,Vjy­ujkbbbdct­dt­h­y­jqx­fcnbRbnfz.Jy­jåelt­nlkbnmczgh­båkbp­b-nt­kmy­jldt­vby­ens.Jly­jbp­cfvsöljkuböcjky­t­x­-y­söp­fnvt­y­bqp­fdt­cmgt­h­bjly­fåkñ­lt­y­bqy­fcnegbn22bñ­kz2009ujlfbgh­jlkbnczåjkt­t­i­t­cnbvby­engh­by­fåkñ­lt­y­bbbp­jly­jqbp­njx­t­r­dNböjvjr­t­fy­t­.

Gh­juy­jp­bh­jdfnmcjky­t­x­y­st­p­fnvt­y­bzkt­ux­t­,x­t­v≤r­jcvbx­t­cr­eñ­gjujle≥,r­jnjh­fzfy­fkjubx­y­fp­t­vy­jqgjujlt­,y­jbvt­t­nvt­cnjy­fCjky­wt­.Fr­nbd-y­jcnmy­fgjdt­h­öy­jcnbCjky­wf,nfr­fzr­fr­cjky­t­x­-y­st­dcgsi­r­b,vjét­ndsp­dfnmdscjr­bt­eh­jdy­bbp­kex­t­y­bzdr­jcvjct­,r­jnjh­jt­vjét­ngh­by­bvfnmajh­vegkfp­vs(x­fcnbw)bkbäkt­r­nh­jvfuy­bny­jujbp­kex­t­y­bz(cdt­nf).YfPt­vkt­r­jcvbx­t­cr­fzgjuj-lfvjét­ndvt­i­bdfnmczdh­fåjner­jh­jnr­jdjky­j-dsöh­flbjgt­h­t­lfnx­br­jdbäkt­r­nh­jäy­t­h­ut­nbx­t­cr­böct­nt­q.Dr­jcvjct­r­jcvbx­t­cr­fzgjujlfvjét­ngh­bdjlbnmr­y­fh­ei­t­y­bñ­cgeny­br­jdsöjh­åbnbgh­t­lcnfdkznmh­flbfwbjy­y­eñ­euh­jp­elkzcgeny­br­jdbfcnh­jy­fdnjddjdh­t­vzy­t­r­jnjh­söafp­r­jcvbx­t­c-r­bögjkt­njd.

Gh­bbp­ex­t­y­bbCjky­wfbt­ujr­jh­jy­svsöjnt­kbåsh­fp­h­fåjnfnmy­fex­y­eñ­nt­jh­bñ­,cjgjcnfdbveñ­cct­ujly­zi­y­bvbvt­nt­jh­jkjubx­t­cr­bvby­fåkñ­lt­-y­bzvbbgh­juy­jp­fvb,x­njås,jngh­fdkzzkñ­lt­qbkbh­jåjnjddr­jcvjc,vsvjukbgh­juy­jp­bh­jdfnm,r­fr­jqåelt­ngjujlf.Lkzänjujnh­t­ået­nczujh­fp­-

ljåjkmi­t­by­ajh­vfwbb,x­t­vnf,r­jnjh­jqvsdy­fcnjzo­t­t­dh­t­vzh­fcgjkfuft­v.Ct­qx­fcvsbvt­t­vjåo­t­t­gh­t­lcnfdkt­y­bt­jnjv,r­fr­dct­änjecnh­jt­y­j,gjänjvecänjqnjx­r­bp­h­t­y­bzy­br­fr­jqnfqy­sy­t­n.Yjdgkfy­t­cjcnfdkt­y­bzafr­nbx­t­cr­bögh­juy­jp­jdjnjv,x­njåelt­ngh­jbcöjlbnmdr­jcvjct­p­fdnh­f,y­fvgjr­fy­t­x­t­vgjödfcnfnmcz.

Cjky­t­x­y­jt­p­fnvt­y­bt­dsp­sdft­ney­fcjcjåsqby­-nt­h­t­c,gjnjvex­njjy­jlft­ny­fvy­fPt­vkt­djp­vjé-y­jcnmbcgsnfnmy­fi­bgh­båjh­sdeckjdbzö,fy­fkj-ubx­y­sönt­v,x­njceo­t­cndeñ­ndr­jcvjct­.Ujh­fp­ljlt­i­t­dkt­jngh­fdbnmczdjly­ebp­njx­t­r­y­fåkñ­lt­y­bzcjky­t­x­y­jujp­fnvt­y­bzbgh­jnt­cnbh­jdfnmänbgh­båj-h­s,x­t­vgjcnh­jbnmr­jcvbx­t­cr­bqr­jh­fåkmbbcgsns-dfnmbödr­jcvjct­.Tckbjlby­r­jcvbx­t­cr­bqgjkt­ncnjbncjny­bvbkkbjy­jdljkkfh­jd,njjly­fgjt­p­l-r­fy­fPt­vkt­jåöjlbnczdct­ujkbi­mdy­t­cr­jkmr­jlt­cznr­jdnsczx­ljkkfh­jd.Dnjh­jqdfh­bfy­nnjét­y­t­lt­i­t­d,jly­fr­jjy­dct­ét­ujh­fp­ljlt­i­t­dkt­,x­t­vgjkt­ndr­jcvjccfåcjkñ­ny­jy­jdsvgh­båjh­jv.

Gjckt­njujr­fr­gjh­neufkmcr­bqbcckt­ljdfnt­kmAt­h­lby­fy­lVfut­kkfy­dgt­h­dst­cjdt­h­i­bkr­h­euj-cdt­ny­jt­gent­i­t­cndbt­,vbh­cnfkvt­y­mi­t­bkñ­lbdy­t­p­fgy­jbcgsnfkbgjnh­t­åy­jcnmdbp­ex­t­y­bbjr­t­f-y­jd,jr­t­fy­cr­bönt­x­t­y­bq,cnh­eqy­sönt­x­t­y­bq,vfr­h­j-dt­nh­jdbgfccfnjd.Kñ­lzvy­t­jåöjlbvjåskjp­y­fnmvfr­h­jjcjåt­y­y­jcnbfnvjcat­h­sPt­vkb,gjnjvex­njjy­bgent­i­t­cndjdfkbx­t­h­t­p­änefnvjcat­h­e.Njét­cfvjt­vjéy­jcr­fp­fnmbgh­jr­jcvjc.Vsclt­kfkb

D kb­db­qc­rj­v Eyb­dthc­b­ntnt F­km­-Afntö, ult 7 nsc­. c­ne­ltynj­d b­pe­xfñn ghfrnb­xtc­rb­ dc­t b­yé­tythyst b­ yfe­xyst lb­c­wb­gkb­ys, Lé­j­pta­ Lfdb­kf b­p YF­CF­ (c­ktdf) lfhb­n ltrfye­ a­fre­km­ntnf tc­nt-c­ndtyysö yfe­r Öflb­ F­.F­. Jvfhe­ ryb­ue­ j­å­ b­c­nj­hb­b­ rj­c­vb­xtc­rb­ö gj­ktnj­d YF­CF­ lkz e­yb­dthc­b­ntnc­rj­q å­b­å­kb­j­ntrb­.

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Page 24: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

kbi­mgt­h­dsqi­fudjcdjt­y­bbr­jcvjcf,y­j,djp­vjé-y­j,x­t­h­t­p­50-100kt­nkñ­lbåelengent­i­t­cndjdfnmdr­jcvjct­,gjänjvey­fvgjnh­t­ået­nczåjkmi­t­p­y­fnmjr­jcvbx­t­cr­jqch­t­lt­.

Xnjåsgh­jlt­vjy­cnh­bh­jdfnmy­jdst­vt­njlfy­f-åkñ­lt­y­bzfnvjcat­h­sCjky­wfbjgsny­st­jåh­fp­wsgh­båjh­jdlkzåeleo­bör­jcvbx­t­cr­bövbccbq,vsby­fi­bkbdbqcr­bt­r­jkkt­ubgh­jdt­kbdjdh­t­vzp­fnvt­-y­bzldfär­cgt­h­bvt­y­nf.

Dgt­h­djvär­cgt­h­bvt­y­nt­vsbcgjkmp­jdfkby­t­åjkm-i­jqnt­kt­cr­jgcr­fvt­h­jq,jcy­fo­t­y­y­jqabkmnh­fvb,lkzp­födfnfcdt­nfjncjky­t­x­y­jqr­jh­jy­sbh­fp­lt­kt­-y­bzt­ujy­fh­fp­kbx­y­st­wdt­nfcgt­r­nh­f.Djdnjh­jvär­cgt­h­bvt­y­nt­,r­jnjh­sqy­fp­sdfkczMACS(jnfy­uk.‘multi-ape­rture­ coronal spe­ctrome­te­r’ –vy­jujfgt­h­neh­-y­sqr­jh­jy­fkmy­sqcgt­r­nh­jvt­nh­–ghb­vtxfyb­t gtht­dj­lxb­r­f),lkzh­fp­lt­kt­y­bzcdt­nfy­fjnlt­kmy­st­wdt­nfbcgjkmp­jdfkczcgt­r­nh­juh­fa.Är­cgt­h­bvt­y­ncabkmn-h­fvbgh­jo­t­dgh­jdt­lt­y­bb,y­jcgt­r­nh­juh­falft­nåjkt­t­njx­y­sqh­t­p­ekmnfn.Vsch­fdy­bvjåfänbövt­-njlf,r­julfp­fdt­h­i­bnczcåjh­lfy­y­sö.Gh­t­élt­x­t­vvjéy­jåelt­ngh­t­lcnfdbnmjr­jy­x­fnt­kmy­st­h­t­p­ekm-nfnsy­fex­y­jvecjjåo­t­cnde,y­t­jåöjlbvjgh­jdt­cnbåjkmi­eñ­fy­fkbnbx­t­cr­eñ­h­fåjne,y­jljcnbuy­enst­y­fct­ujly­zi­y­bqlt­y­mh­t­p­ekmnfnszdkzñ­nczdt­cmvfvy­jujjåt­o­fñ­o­bvb.

Cgjvjo­mñ­änböär­cgt­h­bvt­y­njdvsvjét­vbp­-vt­h­bnmcdjqcndfäkt­r­nh­jy­jd,r­jnjh­st­h­fcct­bdfñ­ncdt­n–gkjny­jcnm,nt­vgt­h­fneh­ebcr­jh­jcnmgjnjr­fäkt­r­nh­jy­jddr­jh­jy­t­.Änfby­ajh­vfwbzy­t­jåöjlb-vfy­fvlkzcjdt­h­i­t­y­cndjdfy­bzr­jvgmñ­nt­h­y­sövjlt­kt­qCjky­t­x­y­jqcbcnt­vs.

Yfckt­leñ­o­bqlt­y­mgjckt­p­fnvt­y­bzzgjt­öfkdEy­bdt­h­cbnt­nCt­åöb,d800r­vr­ñ­uejnNh­bgjkb,x­njåsjåcelbnmy­fex­y­jt­ex­fcnbt­dgh­juh­fvvfö,cdzp­fy­y­söc≤Vt­éley­fh­jly­svut­kbjabp­bx­t­cr­bvujljv2007≥–vt­éley­fh­jly­jqgh­juh­fvvjq,jåüt­-lby­zñ­o­t­qex­t­y­söbp­191ujcelfh­cndf,r­jnjh­st­zdkzñ­nczx­kt­y­fvbJJY,lkzy­fex­y­jujcjnh­ely­b-x­t­cndfdbp­ex­t­y­bbPt­vkb,Cjky­wfbCjky­t­x­y­jqcbcnt­vsr­fr­t­lby­jqcbcnt­vs.

Djdh­t­vzy­fi­t­qgjt­p­lr­bdKbdbñ­h­t­fr­wbzkñ­-lt­qy­fy­fcåskfdwt­kjvgjkjébnt­kmy­jq.Vjkj-lt­émcåjkmi­bvby­nt­h­t­cjvh­fp­ujdfh­bdfkfcy­fvbbåskfy­fcnh­jt­y­fjx­t­y­mlh­eét­kñ­åy­j.Yt­r­jnjh­st­bp­gjébksökñ­lt­qdt­kbct­åzåjkt­t­y­fcnjh­jét­y­-y­j,y­jdct­jy­bcksi­fkbjYFCF,br­félsqöjnt­kgjkex­bnmr­fr­jq-njcedt­y­bh­ccbvdjkbr­jqYFCF.Vsh­fp­lfkbbvdct­y­fi­bh­ex­r­b,p­y­fx­r­bby­fr­kt­q-r­bckjujnbgjvYFCF.

Yfgh­t­lcnfdkt­y­y­söy­bét­ajnjuh­fabzöp­fgt­x­fn-kt­y­sh­fp­kbx­y­st­fcgt­r­nsy­fi­t­ujdbp­bnfdKbdbñ­.∆

Gj­c­kt ghtlc­nfdktyb­z lj­rkflf j­ rj­c­vb­xtc­rj­q gj­uj­lt, ghj­dj­lb­-vsö YF­CF­ b­c­c­ktlj­dfyb­zö Cj­kywf b­ dkb­zyb­b­ Cj­kywf yf j­rhe­é­fñ-oe­ñ c­htle­ Ptvkb­ uhe­ggf c­gtwb­fkb­c­nj­d YF­CF­ j­å­tlftn dvtc­nt c­ ghtgj­lfdfntkzvb­, he­rj­dj­lc­ndj­v Eyb­dthc­b­ntnf F­km­-Afntö b­ ghb­ukfityysvb­. Gj­c­kt j­å­tlf e­xtyst b­p YF­CF­ b­ Eyb­dthc­b­ntnf F­km­-Afntö j­å­c­e­lb­kb­ gj­ntywb­fkm­yst yfghfdktyb­z hfpdb­nb­z yfe­x-yj­uj­ c­j­nhe­lyb­xtc­ndf.

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Page 25: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

Gfkfnj­xysq uj­hj­lj­r d ge­c­nsyt, c­nhj­b­ntkm­c­ndj­ rj­-nj­hj­uj­ yf ghj­nzé­tyb­b­ lde­ö ktn dtkj­c­m­ kb­db­qc­rb­v

ghfdb­ntkm­c­ndj­v, å­skf dhtvtyysv kfuthtv b­ infå­-rdfhnb­hj­q. D ytv é­b­kb­ å­j­ktt 150 e­xtysö b­ xktyj­d

dc­gj­vj­ufntkm­yj­uj­ gthc­j­yfkf. Cghfdf db­lys hfå­j­xb­t gfkfnrb­, j­å­tltyyst gfkfnrb­, pj­yf lkz j­å­otyb­z b­

c­gfkm­yst gfkfnrb­. Cktdf – gfkfnrb­ c­j­klfn kb­db­qc­rj­q fhvb­b­, rj­nj­hst j­öhfyzkb­ kfuthm­ dj­rhe­u.

Extyst b­p e­yb­dthc­b­ntnj­d b­ yfe­xyj­-b­c­c­ktlj­dfntkm­c­rb­ö j­hufyb­-pfwb­q CIF­, Kb­db­b­, Idtqwfhb­b­, B­nfkb­b­, Ahfywb­b­ b­ Uthvfyb­b­

ghb­yzkb­ e­xfc­nb­t d Vté­le­yfhj­lyj­v c­b­vgj­pb­e­vt gj­ c­j­kytxyj­q a­b­pb­rt b­ c­j­kytxysv pfnvtyb­zv, rj­nj­hsq å­sk ghj­dtlty yf

hfc­c­nj­zyb­b­ ytc­rj­km­rb­ö c­j­nty rb­kj­vtnhj­d duke­å­m­ ge­c­nsyb­ Cf-öfhf. Cgj­yc­j­hfvb­ c­b­vgj­pb­e­vf dsc­ne­gb­kb­ ghj­uhfvvf ≤Vté­-le­yfhj­lysq utkb­j­a­b­pb­xtc­rb­q uj­l≥, kb­db­qc­rj­t ghfdb­ntkm­c­ndj­

b­ B­yc­nb­ne­n fc­nhj­yj­vb­b­, döj­lzob­q d c­j­c­nfd Idtqwfhc­rj­uj­ a­tlthfkm­yj­uj­ ntöyj­kj­ub­xtc­rj­uj­ b­yc­nb­ne­nf d Wñhb­öt.

Dj­ dhtvtyyj­v gfkfnj­xyj­v uj­hj­lrt å­skb­ e­c­nhj­tys le­itdst rfå­b­ys, ne­fktns, öj­kj­lb­km­yst rfvths lkz öhfytyb­z ghj­lj­dj­km­c­ndb­z, vfufpb­y c­e­dtyb­hj­d, re­öyz b­ j­å­tltyyst gfkfnrb­, f nfré­t c­ge­nyb­rj­dfz c­dzpm­. Éb­km­t ghtlc­nfdkzkj­ c­j­å­j­q frre­hfnyj­ c­ltkfyyst c­j­kj­vtyyst öb­é­b­ys, e­c­nkfyyst rj­dhfvb­ b­ nj­kc­nsvb­ gtyj­gkfc­nj­dsvb­ vfnhfwfvb­.

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Page 26: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

F­c­nhj­a­b­pb­r Jhdb­kk Rhb­c­ Ctyn-Rb­h (c­ktdf) b­p Jnltktyb­z c­j­kytxyj­q a­b­pb­rb­ Wtynhf rj­c­vb­xtc­rb­ö gj­ktnj­d b­v. Uj­llfhlf YF­CF­ b­ ghj­a­tc­c­j­h a­b­pb­rb­ Ytkm­c­j­y Htlé­b­yfkl b­p B­yc­nb­ne­nf fc­nhj­a­b­pb­rb­ b­ b­ya­j­hvfnb­rb­ F­vt-hb­rfyc­rj­uj­ rfnj­kb­xtc­rj­uj­ e­yb­dthc­b­ntnf d Dfib­yunj­yt (j­rhe­u Rj­ke­vå­b­z) uj­nj­dznc­z r ghj­dtltyb­ñ j­lyj­uj­ b­p lde­ö ärc­gthb­vtynj­d c­ wtkm­ñ ghj­ltvj­yc­nhb­hj­dfnm­ yj­dst vtnj­ls yfå­kñltyb­z fnvj­c­a­ths Cj­kywf.

Lé­j­pta­ Lfdb­kf: ≤Kb­db­qc­rb­t dkfc­nb­ j­å­tc­gtxb­dfkb­ ntkta­j­yye­ñ c­dzpm­ b­ å­tc­-

ghj­dj­lysq lj­c­ne­g d B­ynthytn, f d c­dzpyj­q gfkfnrt å­skj­ hfpvtotyj­ j­å­j­he­lj­dfyb­t, c­

gj­vj­om­ñ rj­nj­hj­uj­ vs gj­llthé­b­dfkb­ c­dzpm­ c­ j­c­nfkm­ysv vb­hj­v gj­ c­ge­nyb­re­. Jnltkm­ysq

rfyfk c­dzpb­, ghtlj­c­nfdktyysq kb­db­qc­rb­v ntktdb­ltyb­tv, gj­pdj­kzk nhfyc­kb­hj­dfnm­

b­pj­å­hfé­tyb­z c­ vtc­nf yfå­kñltyb­z c­j­kytx-yj­uj­ pfnvtyb­z, d YF­CF­ (CIF­) b­ yf dtc­m­ j­c­nfkm­yj­q vb­h. Kb­db­qc­rj­t ntktdb­ltyb­t

gthtlfdfkj­ yj­dj­c­nb­ b­p kfuthz lkz dc­tuj­ yfc­tktyb­z Kb­db­b­≥.

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Page 27: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

B­c­nj­hb­xtc­rfz ärc­gtlb­wb­z lkz yfå­kñltyb­z c­j­kytxyj­uj­ pfnvtyb­z c­nfkf dj­pvj­é­yj­q å­kfuj­lfhz c­j­ukfc­j­dfyysv c­j­dvtc­nysv ltqc­ndb­zv Åñhj­ yfe­xyj­-ntöyb­xtc­rj­uj­ c­j­nhe­lyb­xtc­ndf Uj­c­e­lfhc­ndtyyj­uj­ ltgfhnfvtynf CIF­, YF­CF­ b­ ghfdb­ntkm­c­ndf Kb­db­b­.

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Page 28: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

cfy­ahfywb­ccr­fz j­hufyb­pfwb­z ≤e­fqhtl Bynthyäiyk≥ gj­vj­­uftn b­hfr­cr­b­v dhfxfv gj­r­j­y­xb­nm­ c ytufnb­dysvb­ gj­cktl­cndb­zvb­ 20 ktn b­pj­kzwb­b­ b­ wtype­hs ghb­ cfllfvt Öe­ctqyt, b­cgj­km­pe­z lkz änj­uj­ r­j­vgm­ñ­­nthyst ntö­yj­kj­ub­b­ b­ Bynth­ytn. Bhfr­cr­b­t vtlb­wb­ycr­b­t b­y­cnb­ne­ns gj­ke­xfñ­n lj­cne­g r­

cj­dhtvtyysv ntö­yb­xtcr­b­v pyfyb­zv, vj­ue­n gj­km­pj­­dfnm­cz äktr­nhj­yysvb­ yfe­xysvb­ åb­åkb­j­ntr­fvb­ b­ ghb­åtufnm­ r­ gj­vj­ob­ db­ltj­vj­cnj­d c fvthb­r­fycr­b­vb­ ghj­atccj­hfvb­, ghtgj­lfñ­ob­vb­ vtlb­wb­ycr­b­t yfe­r­b­.

Uähb­ ctkyj­e­ – b­cgj­kyb­ntkm­ysq lb­htr­nj­h j­hufyb­­pfwb­b­ ≤e­fqhtl Bynthyäiyk≥ (ht­t­p://www.wiredint­er­nat­ional.org) b­ ghj­atccj­h Bycnb­ne­nf Ältkm­vfyf ghb­ e­yb­dthcb­ntnt infnf r­fkb­aj­hyb­z d cfy­Ahfywb­cr­j­.

Ldflwfnmkt­nwt­y­p­e-h­sdBh­fr­t­afr­nb-x­t­cr­bgh­bdt­kbr­

bp­jkzwbbbh­fr­cr­bödh­fx­t­qjncjdh­t­vt­y­y­söljcnbét­-y­bqdjåkfcnbvt­lbwby­s.CfllfvÖect­qy­åkjr­bh­j-dfkcdzp­mgjäkt­r­nh­jy­y­jqgjx­nt­bx­t­h­t­p­By­nt­h­y­t­n,p­f-gh­t­o­fkdh­fx­fvt­p­lbnmy­fgh­jat­ccbjy­fkmy­st­r­jy­at­-h­t­y­wbbdp­fh­eåt­éy­st­cnh­f-y­sbkbi­fkböljcnegfr­vt­lbwby­cr­bvéeh­y­fkfvbex­t­åy­br­fv.Dh­t­p­ekmnfnt­bh­fr­cr­fzvt­lbwby­f,r­jnj-h­fzr­julf-njåskfjly­jqbp­cfvsögt­h­t­ljdsödvbh­t­,jr­fp­fkfcmdx­bckt­y­fbåjkt­t­jncnfksö.

Änjcnfkjjx­t­dbly­svdcr­jh­t­gjckt­njuj,r­fr­y­f-

i­fy­t­åjkmi­fzuh­eggfcjnh­ely­br­jdy­t­gh­fdbnt­kmcn-dt­y­y­jqjh­ufy­bp­fwbb≤Efqh­t­lBy­nt­h­y­äi­y­k≥,gt­h­djqdy­t­lh­bdi­t­qr­jvgmñ­nt­h­y­st­gh­juh­fvvsvt­lbwby­-cr­jujgh­jcdt­o­t­y­bzgjckt­åfkr­fy­cr­bödjqy­d1997ujle,gh­bt­öfkfdBh­fr­d2003ujle.Yfccgjy­cbh­j-dfkUjcelfh­cndt­y­y­sqlt­gfh­nfvt­y­nCIF,by­fi­t­qp­flfx­t­qåskjbp­ex­bnm,r­fr­vjéy­jbcgjkmp­jdfnmby­ajh­vfwbjy­y­st­nt­öy­jkjubb,x­njåsgjvjx­mbh­fr­-cr­bvvt­lbwby­cr­bvex­h­t­élt­y­bzvgjkex­bnmåscn-h­sqljcnegr­cjdh­t­vt­y­y­jqnt­öy­bx­t­cr­jqby­ajh­vf-wbb.Vscjly­bvnt­öy­bx­t­cr­bvcgt­wbfkbcnjvbp­CIFdvt­cnt­cbh­fr­cr­bvbdh­fx­fvbbnt­öy­br­fvbcjp­lfkbäkt­r­nh­jy­y­st­åbåkbjnt­r­bdåfulflcr­böåjkmy­bwfö,ult­gh­jöjlbkbgh­fr­nbr­ecnelt­y­ns-vt­-lbr­b.Dct­ujp­fjlby­lt­y­mvsgh­t­dh­fnbkbgecnst­gjvt­o­t­y­bzdy­fex­y­st­åbåkbjnt­r­bby­fp­dfkbbö≤Vt­lbwby­cr­bt­by­ajh­vfwbjy­y­st­wt­y­nh­s≥.

Vt­lbwby­cr­bt­by­ajh­vfwbjy­y­st­wt­y­nh­s–änjh­zlcdzp­fy­y­sövt­élecjåjqr­jvgmñ­nt­h­jd,r­jnjh­st­

dbhnef­km­yjt ktxtybt Uäh­bCt­ky­je

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Dhfxb­ b­ c­ne­ltyns-vtlb­rb­ gj­km­pe­ñnc­z äktrnhj­yysvb­ å­b­å­kb­j­ntrfvb­ d Vtlb­wb­yc­rj­v b­ya­j­hvf-wb­j­yyj­v wtynht, j­nrhsnj­v ≤Efqhtl B­ynthyäiyk≥ d å­fulflc­rj­q uj­hj­lc­rj­q å­j­km­yb­wt, rj­nj­hfz nfré­t zdkztnc­z rhe­gytqitq e­xtå­yj­q å­fpj­q d B­hfrt.

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Page 29: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

bp­dkt­r­fñ­nnt­öy­bx­t­cr­bt­vfnt­h­bfksbp­ldeöbcnjx­y­br­jd.Tckbljcnegy­fcgen-y­br­jdfzcdzp­m,wt­y­nh­sgh­t­ljcnfdkzñ­nljcnegr­åjufnsvh­t­ceh­cfvBy­nt­h­y­t­nf,gh­t­lcnfdkt­y­y­svy­fcfqnfödt­leo­bövb-h­jdsövt­lbwby­cr­böi­r­jkby­fex­y­j-bc-ckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­böby­cnbnenjd,Dct­vbh­y­jqjh­ufy­bp­fwbbp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzbex­h­t­é-lt­y­bqp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzgh­fdbnt­kmcndfCIF.Änbåfp­slfy­y­söbvt­ñ­njuh­jv-y­eñ­wt­y­y­jcnmlkzkñ­åjujgjkmp­jdfnt­-kz.Yjnfv,ult­vt­lbwby­cr­bt­éeh­y­fks–åjkmi­fzh­t­lr­jcnm,fex­t­åy­br­bjx­t­y­mcnfh­st­,gjh­jqcnfh­i­t­y­t­r­jnjh­söcne-lt­y­njd-vt­lbr­jd,By­nt­h­y­t­nzdkzt­nczgjbcnby­t­åt­cwt­y­y­svbcnjx­y­br­jvnt­öy­b-x­t­cr­böp­y­fy­bq.

Nfv,ult­By­nt­h­y­t­ny­t­ljcnegt­y­bkbljcnegdy­t­ujjåöjlbnczckbi­r­jvljh­juj,≤Efqh­t­lBy­nt­h­-y­äi­y­k≥cjp­lft­näkt­r­nh­jy­y­st­åbåkbjnt­r­b,vfr­cb-vfkmy­jp­fuh­eéfzgfvznmr­jvgmñ­nt­h­jdcnfnmzvbbp­éeh­y­fkjddjnr­h­snjvljcnegt­,kt­r­wbzvbby­fex­y­svbljr­kflfvb.Nfr­bvbfdnjy­jvy­svbäkt­r­nh­jy­y­svbåbåkbjnt­r­fvb,r­jnjh­svbvjéy­jbcgjkmp­jdfnmczåt­p­gjlr­kñ­x­t­y­bzr­By­nt­h­y­t­ne,jc-y­fo­ft­nczr­félsqby­ajh­vfwbjy­y­sqwt­y­nh­.

Dbñ­y­t­2003ujlf≤Efqh­t­lBy­nt­h­y­äi­y­k≥jnr­h­s-kfdÅfulflt­gt­h­dst­x­t­nsh­t­≤Vt­lbwby­cr­böby­-ajh­vfwbjy­y­söwt­y­nh­f≥,fr­bñ­y­ñ­2006ujlfy­fvbåskjcjp­lfy­j39gjljåy­söwt­y­nh­jddåjkmy­bwfögjdct­qnt­h­h­bnjh­bbBh­fr­f.

Yt­lfdy­jvsljgjky­bkbby­ajh­vfwbjy­y­st­wt­y­n-h­sch­t­lcndfvbdblt­jr­jy­at­h­t­y­wcdzp­b,r­jnjh­st­vsecnfy­jdbkbdvt­lbwby­cr­böby­cnbnenföÅfulflf,Åfch­s,Äh­åbkzbVjcekf.Änbcbcnt­vs,jåt­cgt­x­b-dfzgh­zveñ­dscjr­jcr­jh­jcny­eñ­felbjdbp­efkmy­eñ­cdzp­mvt­élebh­fr­cr­bvbbfvt­h­br­fy­cr­bvbdh­fx­f-vb,bcgjkmp­eñ­nczlkzx­nt­y­bzkt­r­wbq,gh­jdt­lt­y­bzct­vby­fh­jdbjåckt­ljdfy­bzgfwbt­y­njd.Djcy­jdy­jvvt­lbwby­cr­fzby­ajh­vfwbzgjcnfdkzt­nczgfh­ny­t­-h­fvb≤Efqh­t­lBy­nt­h­y­äi­y­k≥gjr­jy­cjh­wbevebp­Lt­ncr­jujy­fwbjy­fkmy­jujvt­lbwby­cr­jujwt­y­nh­fdDfi­by­unjy­t­(jr­h­euRjkevåbz),Vt­lbwby­cr­jujjnlt­kt­y­bzRfkbajh­y­bqcr­jujey­bdt­h­cbnt­nfdCfy­-Ah­fy­wbcr­jbRjkkt­léfvt­lct­cnh­by­cr­jujlt­kfEy­bdt­h­cbnt­nfi­nfnfRfkbajh­y­bzdCfy­-Ah­fy­wbc-r­j.Änjt­lby­cndt­y­y­fzdBh­fr­t­gh­juh­fvvf,gh­t­lj-cnfdkzñ­o­fzbh­fr­cr­bvcgt­wbfkbcnfvdjåkfcnb

vt­lbwby­cr­jujjåh­fp­jdfy­bzgh­zvst­cdzp­bcvb-h­jdsvvt­lbwby­cr­bvcjjåo­t­cndjv.Äkt­r­nh­jy­y­st­nt­kt­vt­lbwby­cr­bt­vjcnsy­fh­zlecwt­y­nh­fvbvt­lb-wby­cr­jqby­ajh­vfwbblfñ­nbh­fr­cr­bvdh­fx­fvi­fy­cgjr­jy­x­bnmcbp­jkzwbt­q,jnr­jnjh­jqjy­bcnh­flfkby­fgh­jnzét­y­bbvy­jubökt­n.

Ljr­njh­RföfkblY.Vfqfbp­ex­t­åy­jqåjkmy­bwsdÅfch­t­gh­jlt­vjy­cnh­bh­jdfkgjlkby­y­jt­gjy­bvfy­bt­gjnt­y­wbfkmy­södjp­vjéy­jcnt­qlfy­y­jqgh­juh­fvvs,cr­fp­fd:≤Efqh­t­lBy­nt­h­y­äi­y­k≥,djp­vjéy­j,zdkzt­n-czkex­i­bv,x­njåskjclt­kfy­jlkzBh­fr­f.DBh­f-r­t­gjzdbkjcmvy­jujy­t­r­jvvt­h­x­t­cr­böjh­ufy­bp­fwbq–jly­bei­kb,lh­eubt­jcnfkbcm...Yjdfi­becbkbzgjgh­bjåo­t­y­bñ­bh­fr­cr­bödh­fx­t­qr­vbh­ey­fex­y­j-bc-ckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­böbby­ajh­vfwbjy­y­söcbcnt­v–änjkex­i­t­t­,x­njåskjclt­kfy­j≥.Bt­ujvy­t­y­bt­bcr­kñ­-x­bnt­kmy­jwt­y­y­jlkzcjnh­ely­br­jdjh­ufy­bp­fwbb≤Efqh­t­lBy­nt­h­y­äi­y­k≥.

Dct­vsd≤Efqh­t­lBy­nt­h­y­äi­y­k≥h­fåjnft­vljåh­jdjkmy­j.Vsy­flt­t­vcz,x­njy­fi­fh­fåjnfdBh­fr­t­,r­fr­djdct­öjcnfkmy­söcnh­fy­fö,r­jnjh­svvsgjvjuft­v,gjlndt­h­élft­nljåh­eñ­djkñ­fvt­h­b-r­fy­cr­jujy­fh­jlf.≤Efqh­t­lBy­nt­h­y­äi­y­k≥cnh­t­vbnczjåüt­lby­bnmvt­lbwby­cr­bt­cjjåo­t­cndfdjdct­vvbh­t­gjch­t­lcndjvekex­i­t­y­bzcdzp­b.Vsgjkfuft­v,x­njey­bdt­h­cfkmy­jt­lkzkñ­lt­qét­kfy­bt­bvt­nmöjh­ji­t­t­p­ljh­jdmñ­vjét­ncnfnmnt­v,x­njjåüt­lby­bndct­öy­fc.∆

vytyb­z, dscr­fpsdftvst d lfyyj­q cnfnm­t, yt j­åzpfntkm­yj­ j­n­

hféfñ­n nj­xr­e­ phtyb­z b­kb­ gj­kb­nb­r­e­ ghfdb­ntkm­cndf cIf.

Cge­nyb­r c­dzpsdftn dhfxtq Eyb­dthc­b­ntnf infnf Rfkb­a­j­hyb­z d Cfy-Ahfywb­c­rj­ b­ Vtlb­wb­yc­rb­q b­ya­j­hvfwb­j­yysq wtynh d Åfulflt.

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Page 30: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

vtéle­yfhj­lysq är­cgthb­vty­nfkm­ysq nthvj­zlthysq htfr­nj­h Bn­Äh­ ( ht­t­p://www.it­er.org) – j­åüt­lb­ytyysq yfe­xyj­­b­ccktlj­dfntkm­c­r­b­q ghj­tr­n c e­xfcnb­tv ctvb­ cnj­hj­y, ghb­pdfyysq ghj­ltvj­yc­nhb­hj­dfnm­ yfe­xyj­­ntö­yb­xtcr­e­ñ­ wtktcj­j­åhfpyj­cnm­ b­cgj­km­pj­dfyb­z nthvj­zlthyj­q äythub­b­, r­j­nj­hfz dj­pyb­r­ftn ghb­ j­åütlb­ytyb­b­ zlth

lde­ö­ fnj­vj­d, lkz e­lj­dktndj­htyb­z hfcne­otuj­ vb­­hj­dj­uj­ cghj­cf yf äythub­ñ­. n­thvj­zlthysq htfr­nj­h åe­ltn gj­cnhj­ty d r­flfhfit (Ahfywb­z) b­ ddtlty d är­cgke­fnfwb­ñ­ ghb­vthyj­ d 2016 uj­le­.

y­j­håthn Öj­km­nr­fvg – gthdsq pfvtcnb­ntkm­ utythfkm­yj­uj­ lb­htr­nj­hf ghj­tr­nf b­ he­r­j­dj­lb­ntkm­ cnhj­b­ntkm­cndf. jy hj­lb­k­cz d Uthvfyb­b­ b­ pfyb­vfk hfpkb­xyst lj­kéyj­cnb­ d r­j­vgfyb­b­ ≤lj­qxtp Äktr­nhj­­yty cb­yö­hj­nhj­y≥ d Ufvåe­hut (Uthvfyb­z) b­ y­fwb­j­yfkm­yj­q kfåj­hfnj­hb­b­ e­cr­j­hb­ntktq b­v. Athvb­ d in. Bkkb­yj­qc. y­fxb­yfz c 2001 uj­lf, j­y r­j­j­h­lb­yb­hj­dfk b­ dj­pukfdkzk ghj­­tr­nb­hj­dfyb­t b­ cnhj­b­ntkm­cn­dj­ e­cr­j­hb­ntkz r­fr­ b­cnj­xyb­r­f ytqnhj­yj­d ghb­ hfcotgktyb­b­ zlhf (SNS) d jr­hb­lécr­j­q yfwb­j­yfkm­yj­q kfåj­hfnj­hb­b­ vb­yb­cnthcndf äythutnb­r­b­ cIf. SNS, cnhj­b­ntkm­cndj­ r­j­nj­hj­uj­ åskj­ pfdthityj­ d vft 2006 uj­lf, ghtlcnfd­kztn cj­åj­q cj­plfyysq yf

j­cyj­dt e­cr­j­hb­ntkz b­cnj­xyb­r­ ce­åfnj­vysö­ xfcnb­w – ytqnhj­yj­d – cnj­b­vj­cnm­ñ­ 1,4 vkhl. lj­kk., r­j­nj­­hsq åe­ltn ghtlj­cnfdkznm­ cfvst b­yntycb­dyst d vb­ht b­vge­km­cyst ge­xr­b­ ytqnhj­yj­d lkz yfe­xyj­uj­ yf­e­xysö­ b­ccktlj­dfyb­q b­ ghj­vsiktyysö­ hfphfåj­nj­r­.

Dcjdh­t­vt­y­y­jvvbh­t­,ult­gjnh­t­åy­jcnbdäy­t­h­-ubbåscnh­jh­fcnenbeét­y­fx­by­fñ­ngh­t­ds-i­fnmgjnt­y­wbfkgjcnfdjr­,ex­t­y­st­dct­uj

vbh­fgsnfñ­nczjdkflt­nmäy­t­h­ubt­qCjky­wfbp­dt­p­lbbcgjkmp­jdfnmänjnh­t­ceh­clkzeljdkt­ndjh­t­y­bzh­fcneo­t­ujcgh­jcf.Tdh­jgt­qcr­bqcjñ­p­,Ht­cgeåkb-r­fRjh­t­z,By­lbz,Rbnfq,Zgjy­bz,HjccbzbCIFcjp­lfkbJh­ufy­bp­fwbñ­BNÄHlkzjcdjt­y­bzlfy­y­jujch­t­lcndfdsh­fåjnr­bäkt­r­nh­jäy­t­h­ubb.Dby­nt­h­dmñ­y­fex­y­jver­jh­h­t­cgjy­lt­y­neäkt­r­nh­jy­y­jujéeh­y­fkf

v­té­leyf­hjlys­q ärc­gthbvtynf­km­ys­q nthvjzlthys­q htf­rnjh b­nÄh:

åeleott nthvjzlthyjq äythutnbrb Yjh­åt­h­nÖjkmnr­fvg,r­fy­lblfny­fljkéy­jcnmp­fvt­cnbnt­kzut­y­t­h­fkmy­jujlbh­t­r­njh­f

bh­er­jdjlbnt­kzcnh­jbnt­kmcndfnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujh­t­fr­njh­f

Vb­yb­c­nhs Tdhj­gtqc­rj­uj­ c­j­ñpf (Tdhj­c­j­ñpf), Rb­nfqc­rj­q Yfhj­lyj­q Htc­ge­å­kb­rb­, CIF­ b­ Hj­c­-c­b­qc­rj­q Atlthfwb­b­ gj­lgb­c­sdfñn lj­uj­dj­h j­ Vté­le­yfhj­lyj­v nthvj­zlthyj­v ärc­gthb­vtynfkm­-yj­v htfrnj­ht d infå­-rdfhnb­ht Rj­vb­c­c­b­b­ Tdhj­c­j­ñpf d Åhñc­c­tkt d vft 2006 uj­lf.

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Page 31: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

rjhjnrj j nthvjzlthyjv c­byntpt: d lf­yyjq c­nf­nm­t jåc­eé­lf­tnc­z ec­nhjqc­ndj f­njvjd r­h­ji­t­x­y­söx­fcnbw,bp­r­jnj-h­söcjcnjbndczvfnt­h­bz.Fnjvscjlt­h­éfnnh­bjcy­jdy­sönbgfceåfnjvy­söx­fcnbw–gh­jnjy­s,y­t­qnh­jy­sbäkt­r­nh­j-y­s.Gh­jnjy­sby­t­qnh­jy­sbvt­ñ­nåjkmi­eñ­vfcce,x­t­väkt­r­nh­jy­s,by­föjlznczdwt­y­nh­t­fnjvf,r­jnjh­sqy­fp­sdft­nczzlh­jv.Kt­ur­bt­äkt­r­nh­jy­sceo­t­cndeñ­ndjåkfr­t­,r­jnjh­jt­jr­h­eéft­nzlh­j.Vfccfr­féljujfnjvfh­fdy­zt­nczcevvt­vfcct­ujgh­jnjy­jdby­t­qnh­jy­jd.Cfvsvkt­ur­bväkt­vt­y­njvzdkzt­nczdjljh­jl,r­jnjh­sqbvt­t­njlby­gh­jnjy­by­bjl-y­jujy­t­qnh­jy­f.Tujfnjvy­sqdt­ch­fdt­y­1.Ét­kt­p­jzdkzt­nczgh­bvt­h­jvnzét­kjujäkt­vt­y­nfbbvt­t­n26gh­jnjy­jdb30y­t­qnh­jy­jd;t­ujfnjvy­sqdt­ch­fdt­y­56.Gh­bnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jvcby­nt­p­t­dfnjvföcvfccjqvt­y­mi­t­,x­t­veét­kt­p­f,äy­t­h­ubzdslt­kzt­ncz,fgh­bnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jvcby­nt­p­t­dfnjvföåjkt­t­nzét­ksöäkt­vt­y­njd–h­fcöjlet­ncz.Xbckjgh­jnjy­jdlkzlfy­y­jujäkt­vt­y­nfy­br­julfy­t­vt­y­zt­ncz,y­jx­bckjy­t­qnh­jy­jdvjét­nbp­vt­y­znmcz.Fnjvsäkt­vt­y­njd,bvt­ñ­o­böjlby­f-r­jdjt­x­bckjgh­jnjy­jd,y­jh­fp­y­jt­r­jkbx­t­cndjy­t­qnh­jy­jd,y­fp­sdfñ­nczbp­jnjgfvb.Djljh­jlbvt­t­nnh­bbp­jnjgf–gh­jnbq(jlby­gh­jnjy­by­bjly­jujy­t­qnh­jy­f),lt­qnt­h­bq(jlby­gh­jnjy­bjlby­y­t­qnh­jy­)bnh­bnbq(jlby­gh­jnjy­bldfy­t­qnh­jy­f).DBNÄHnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­sqcby­nt­p­åelt­ngh­t­lcnfdkznmcjåjqjåüt­lby­t­y­bt­ldeöbp­änbökt­ur­böfnjvjd–lt­qnt­h­bzbnh­bnbz,cjåh­fp­jdfy­bt­våjkt­t­cnfåbkmy­jujbnzét­kjujfnjvf–ut­kbz,fnfr­ét­jly­jujy­t­qnh­jy­f,jåfbp­r­jnjh­söy­t­cenr­by­t­-nbx­t­cr­eñ­äy­t­h­ubñ­.Gh­bbö≤cgkfdkt­y­bb≥åelt­ndscdjåjélfnmcz≤kbi­y­zz≥äy­t­h­ubz.

≤Ukjåfkmy­st­djgh­jcs≥Xt­h­bkGt­kkt­h­by­Yjh­åt­h­nÖjkmnr­fvg,gt­h­dsqp­fvt­cnbnt­kmut­y­t­h­fkmy­jujlbh­t­r­njh­fBNÄHbex­t­y­sq,r­jnjh­sqåelt­nh­e-r­jdjlbnmcnh­jbnt­kmcndjvr­h­egy­t­qi­t­ujdvbh­t­nt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujh­t­fr­njh­f,jåceélft­nänjngh­jt­r­nbgh­juh­t­ccdbcckt­ljdfy­bbnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jqh­t­fr­wbb.

djghjc­:Xnjnfr­jt­BNÄH?öjkm­nrf­vg: Yfp­dfy­bt­gh­jt­r­nfgj-fy­ukbqcr­b

p­dex­bnr­fr­Int­ernat­i­onal Thermonuclear Ex­peri­ment­al React­or, cjr­h­fo­t­y­y­jITER,x­njjly­jdh­t­vt­y­y­jzdkz-t­nczkfnby­cr­bvckjdjvi­t­erbdgt­h­t­djlt­jp­y­fx­f-t­n≤genm≥.(BNÄH–h­eccr­fzr­fkmr­ffy­ukbqcr­jujcjr­h­fo­t­y­bzbkbkfnby­cr­jujckjdf–ghb­vtxfyb­t htlfr­nj­hf).Änjgh­jt­r­ncnh­jbnt­kmcndfr­h­egy­t­q-

i­t­ujdvbh­t­är­cgt­h­bvt­y­nfkmy­jujnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujh­t­fr­njh­f.Ujh­fp­ljåjkt­t­cr­h­jvy­fzdt­h­cbzgj-ljåy­jujh­t­fr­njh­feét­ceo­t­cndet­n–≤Cjdvt­cny­sqt­dh­jgt­qcr­bqnjh­≥.Änjnär­cgt­h­bvt­y­nfkmy­sqnt­h­-vjzlt­h­y­sqh­t­fr­njh­åskddt­lt­y­där­cgkefnfwbñ­d1983ujlfy­t­gjlfkt­r­ejnRekävf(Fy­ukbz).BNÄH–ckt­leñ­o­bqi­fuy­fgenbr­cnh­jbnt­kmcndent­h­vjz-lt­h­y­söh­t­fr­njh­jdlkzdsh­fåjnr­bäkt­r­nh­jäy­t­h­ubb.

djghjc­:Xt­vnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­sqcby­nt­p­jnkbx­ft­nczjnzlt­h­y­jujlt­kt­y­bz?

öjkm­nrf­vg:Gh­blt­kt­y­bbäy­t­h­ubzjåh­fp­et­nczdh­t­p­ekmnfnt­h­fco­t­gkt­y­bznzét­ksöfnjvy­sözlt­h­.Hfco­t­gkt­y­bt­–änjgh­jwt­cc,r­jnjh­sqgh­jbcöjlbngjlr­jy­nh­jkt­vdzlt­h­y­jvh­t­fr­njh­t­båt­p­r­jy­nh­j-

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Page 32: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�0 Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

kz–dzlt­h­y­jqåjvåt­.Gh­bnthvj­zlthyj­v cb­ynt­pt ldfkt­ur­böfnjvy­sözlh­f≤cgkfdkzñ­ncz≥lh­euclh­eujv.Dckex­ft­BNÄH,gjcenblt­kf,h­t­x­mblt­njleözlh­föfnjvfdjljh­jlf.Gh­bänjvdscdjåjé-lft­nczbgjkex­ft­nczäy­t­h­ubz.

djghjc­:Gjx­t­velkzlfy­y­jujgh­jt­r­nfnt­h­vj-zlt­h­y­sqcby­nt­p­kex­i­t­,x­t­vzlt­h­y­jt­lt­kt­y­bt­?

öjkm­nrf­vg:Dvbh­t­ceo­t­cndet­nvy­jét­cndjlt­qcndeñ­o­böh­t­fr­njh­jdzlt­h­y­jujlt­kt­y­bz,r­jnj-h­st­eét­ct­qx­fcbcgjkmp­eñ­nczlkzgh­jbp­djlcndfäy­t­h­ubb,gjänjveukfdy­svgh­t­bveo­t­cndjvlt­kt­-y­bzzdkzt­nczjnkfét­y­y­jcnmlfy­y­jqnt­öy­jkjubb.Nt­h­vjzlt­h­y­sqcby­nt­p­gjr­fy­t­bcgjkmp­et­nczy­fgh­fr­nbr­t­,änjy­fex­y­j-bcckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­bqgh­jt­r­n.Rfr­lt­kt­y­bt­,nfr­bcby­nt­p­zdkzñ­nczzlt­h­y­svbgh­jwt­ccfvb,y­jjy­bceo­t­cndt­y­y­jh­fp­kbx­fñ­ncz.Gh­t­bveo­t­cndjcby­nt­p­fcjcnjbndnjv,x­njjlby­gh­jler­nh­t­fr­wbb,gh­jler­njnöjlf,–ut­kbq–y­t­h­f-lbjfr­nbdt­y­,flh­eujq–y­t­qnh­jy­–bcgjkmp­et­nczlkzgjkex­t­y­bzdjljh­jly­jujbp­jnjgfnh­bnbzbp­kbnbqcjlt­h­éfo­bövfnt­h­bfkjddch­t­lt­gkfp­vs(bjy­bp­bh­jdfy­y­jujufp­f).Dzlt­h­y­jvh­t­fr­njh­t­gh­bh­fco­t­gkt­y­bbänbözlt­h­jåh­fp­eñ­nczldt­x­fcnb,jåt­bp­r­jnjh­sözdkzñ­nczh­flbjfr­nbdy­svb.Gh­bnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jvcby­nt­p­t­dct­cjdct­vgj-lh­eujve–r­f-vt­h­f,r­jnjh­fzjr­h­eéft­nzlh­f,cnfy­jdbnczvzur­jh­flbjfr­nbdy­jq,fgjåjx­y­st­gh­jler­ns–y­t­n.

Ukfdy­svgh­t­bveo­t­cndjvnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujcby­nt­-p­fzdkzt­ncznj,x­njlt­qnt­h­bqbkbnbq(r­jnjh­sqbcgjkmp­et­nczlkzgjkex­t­y­bznh­bnbz),ex­fcndeñ­-o­bt­dgh­jwt­cct­cby­nt­p­f,ljcnegy­sdjuh­jvy­sör­jkbx­t­cndfö–jy­bdbp­jåbkbbdcnh­t­x­fñ­nczr­fr­y­fcei­t­,nfr­bdvjh­t­.Rzlt­h­y­svh­t­fr­njh­fvänjy­t­jny­jcbncz:dy­bögh­böjlbnczbcgjkmp­jdfnmeh­fy­,gjcnfdr­br­jnjh­jujjuh­fy­bx­t­y­s,bkbt­ujfy­fkjub.Jly­fr­jåskjåsy­t­x­t­cny­svh­t­r­kfvbh­jdfnmnt­h­-vjzlt­h­y­sqcby­nt­p­r­fr­kex­i­bqgh­jwt­cc,gjnjvex­njeét­gjcnh­jt­y­y­st­nt­h­vjzlt­h­y­st­ecnh­jqcndfbvt­ñ­ny­fex­y­j-bcckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­jt­y­fp­y­fx­t­y­bt­by­t­zdkzñ­nczh­t­fr­njh­fvbdgjky­jvcvsckt­änjujckj-df–ex­t­y­st­t­o­t­njkmr­jgsnfñ­nczdszcy­bnm,r­fr­bcgjkmp­jdfnmnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­sqcby­nt­p­lkzdsh­fåjnr­bäy­t­h­ubb.Tckbgh­jt­r­nBNÄHåelt­necgt­i­y­sv,njjy­cnfy­t­ngt­h­dsvnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­svh­t­fr­njh­jv,r­jnj-h­sqåelt­ngh­jbp­djlbnmp­y­fx­bnt­kmy­jåjkmi­t­äy­t­h­-ubb,x­t­vgjnh­t­åkznm.Änjr­h­egy­sqi­fudgt­h­t­l.

djghjc­: Rfr­djp­y­br­kfblt­zcnh­jbnt­kmcndfBNÄH?

öjkm­nrf­vg:Änfblt­zdjp­y­br­kfdgh­jwt­cct­vt­é-ley­fh­jly­jujcjnh­ely­bx­t­cndfdjåkfcnbbcckt­ljdf-y­bznt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujcby­nt­p­fbåskfgh­t­lkjét­y­fcjdt­ncr­bvgh­t­p­blt­y­njvVböfbkjvUjh­åfx­t­dsvy­fdcnh­t­x­t­cah­fy­wep­cr­bvgh­t­p­blt­y­njvAh­fy­cefVbn-nt­h­fy­jvbdgjckt­lcndbb–gh­t­p­blt­y­njvCIFHj-y­fkmljvHt­qufy­jvy­fÉt­y­t­dcr­jvcfvvbnt­d1985ujle.Nh­bgh­t­p­blt­y­nfcjåh­fkbcmbh­t­i­bkbclt­kfnmx­nj-njdjåkfcnbäy­t­h­ujh­t­ceh­cjdbgjcvjnh­t­nm,r­f-r­bt­lh­eubt­bcnjx­y­br­bäy­t­h­ubbvjét­ngh­t­lkjébnmy­fer­fgjckt­njuj,r­fr­vsbcx­t­h­gft­vy­fi­bp­fgfcseukzby­t­anb.Nt­h­vjzlt­h­y­sqcby­nt­p­nh­flbwbjy­y­jzdkzt­nczceueåjvt­éley­fh­jly­jqnt­vjqy­fex­y­söbp­scr­fy­bq,b,r­jy­t­x­y­j,y­fgjljåy­söcfvvbnföäy­t­h­ut­nbr­t­elt­kzt­nczvy­jujdy­bvfy­bz.Äy­t­h­ut­nb-r­fzdkzt­nczldbéeo­t­qcbkjqär­jy­jvbr­br­féljujujcelfh­cndf.Änjy­t­åskjy­fex­y­jqlbcr­eccbt­q;jy­bgh­jcnjcjåh­fkbcmdvt­cnt­bcr­fp­fkb:≤Yfvckt­let­np­fy­znmczänbv.Vsljkéy­sjåüt­lby­bnmkex­i­bt­evsdct­ujvbh­f,dvt­cnt­gh­jdt­cnbänbbcckt­ljdf-y­bzbcjdvt­cny­jbcgjkmp­jdfnmböh­t­p­ekmnfns≥.

djghjc­:Rfr­bt­y­fex­y­j-nt­öy­bx­t­cr­bt­wt­kbgh­t­ckt­-let­nBNÄH,bx­njjy­gh­jlt­vjy­cnh­bh­et­n?

öjkm­nrf­vg:BNÄHcnfy­t­ngt­h­dsvnt­h­vjzlt­h­-y­svh­t­fr­njh­jv,r­jnjh­sqåelt­ndsh­fåfnsdfnmåjkmi­t­äy­t­h­ubb,x­t­vgjnh­t­åkznm.Ex­t­y­st­bp­vt­h­z-ñ­näneöfh­fr­nt­h­bcnbr­ecgjvjo­mñ­gh­jcnjujr­jäa-abwbt­y­nf,r­jnjh­sqjy­by­fp­sdfñ­n≤Q.TckbBNÄHgjp­djkbnljcnbx­mdct­ögjcnfdkt­y­y­söy­fex­y­söwt­kt­q,njjy­åelt­ngh­jbp­djlbnmd10h­fp­åjkmi­t­

Ghtpb­ltyn CIF­ Hj­yfkm­l Htqufy (c­ktdf) b­ c­j­dtnc­rb­q kb­lth Vb­-öfb­k Uj­hå­fxtd dj­ dhtvz c­dj­tq dc­nhtxb­ d yj­zå­ht 1985 uj­lf yf Étytdc­rj­v c­fvvb­nt d Idtqwfhb­b­, ult j­yb­ b­ ghtpb­ltyn Ahfywb­b­ Ahfyc­e­f Vb­nnthfy dgthdst lj­uj­dj­hb­kb­c­m­ j­ c­j­nhe­lyb­xtc­ndt d j­c­dj­tyb­b­ yj­dsö äythuj­htc­e­hc­j­d.

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Page 33: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

äy­t­h­ubb,x­t­vgjnh­t­åkznm.Gjckt­ly­t­t­bp­gjcnh­jt­y­-y­söecnh­jqcnd–≤Cjdvt­cny­sqt­dh­jgt­qcr­bqnjh­≥dFy­ukbb–zdkzt­nczåjkt­t­vt­kr­bvgh­jnjnbgjvnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujh­t­fr­njh­f,r­jnjh­sqy­fjr­jy­x­fnt­km-y­jvänfgt­y­fex­y­söbcckt­ljdfy­bzljcnbup­y­fx­t­y­bzQ,h­fdy­jujgjx­nb1.Änjjp­y­fx­ft­n,x­njjy­dsh­fåf-nsdfkh­jdy­jcnjkmr­jét­äy­t­h­ubb,cr­jkmr­jgjnh­t­å-kzk.BNÄHgjp­djkbngh­t­dp­jqnbänjnh­t­p­ekmnfn,gh­jlt­vjy­cnh­bh­jdfdcjp­lfy­bt­äy­t­h­ubbdgh­jwt­cct­nt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujcby­nt­p­fbljcnbuy­edp­y­fx­t­y­bzQ,h­fdy­juj10.Blt­zp­fr­kñ­x­ft­nczdnjv,x­njåsgh­bjåüt­vt­gjnh­t­åkt­y­bzäy­t­h­-ubby­feh­jdy­t­gh­bvt­h­y­j50VDndsh­fåfnsdfnm500VDn.Nfr­bvjåh­f-p­jv,jly­jqbp­y­fex­-y­söwt­kt­qBNÄHzdkzt­nczljr­f-p­fnm,x­njvjét­nåsnmljcnbuy­enjp­y­fx­t­y­bt­Q,h­fdy­jt­10.

Lh­eufzy­fex­y­fzwt­kmp­fr­kñ­x­ft­nczdnjv,x­njBNÄHåelt­nbvt­nmdt­cmvfgh­jljkébnt­kmy­jt­dh­t­vz≤ujh­t­y­bz≥–bvgekmcedt­kbx­t­y­-y­jqlkbnt­kmy­jcnbljjly­jujx­fcf.BNÄH–änjy­fex­y­j-bcckt­-ljdfnt­kmcr­bqär­cgt­h­bvt­y­nfkmy­sqh­t­fr­njh­,r­jnjh­sqy­t­vjét­ngh­jbp­djlbnmäy­t­h­-ubñ­gjcnjzy­y­j.RjulfBNÄHy­fx­y­t­nh­fåjnfnm,jy­åelt­ndr­kñ­x­t­y­dnt­-x­t­y­bt­jly­jujx­fcf,gjckt­x­t­ujt­ujy­t­jåöjlbvjåelt­njnr­kñ­x­bnm.Änjdféy­jgjnjve,x­njljcbögjh­cjp­lfdft­vst­y­fvbnbgjdst­ecnh­jqcndfåskbcgjcjåy­sbvt­nmdh­t­vzujh­t­y­bzlkby­jqdy­t­cr­jkmr­jct­r­ey­lbkblfét­lt­cznsöljkt­qct­r­ey­l–änjvfr­cbvev.≤Cjdvt­cn-y­sqt­dh­jgt­qcr­bqnjh­≥ljcnbucdjt­ujp­y­fx­t­y­bz

Q,h­fdy­juj1,gh­bdh­t­vt­y­bujh­t­y­bzgh­bvt­h­y­jldt­ct­r­ey­lsgh­blkby­t­bvgekmcf20ct­r­ey­l.Yjgh­jwt­cc,r­jnjh­sqlkbnczy­t­cr­jkmr­jct­r­ey­l,y­t­zd-kzt­nczgj-y­fcnjzo­t­vegjcnjzy­y­sv.Gjfy­fkjubbcp­fgecr­jvldbufnt­kzfdnjvjåbkz:r­h­fnr­jdh­t­vt­y­-y­jt­dr­kñ­x­t­y­bt­ldbufnt­kzcgjckt­leñ­o­bvdsr­kñ­-x­t­y­bt­v–änjt­o­t­y­t­y­fcnjzo­fzär­cgkefnfwbzfdnjvjåbkz.Njkmr­jr­julfdsgh­jt­lt­nt­y­fdfi­t­vfdnjvjåbkt­dnt­x­t­y­bt­gjkex­fcf,jy­dsqlt­ny­fgj-cnjzy­y­sqh­t­ébvh­fåjnsbgh­jlt­vjy­cnh­bh­et­n,x­njy­fnfr­jvfdnjvjåbkt­lt­qcndbnt­kmy­jvjéy­jt­öfnm.

Njt­cnm,cnt­öy­bx­t­cr­jqby­fex­y­jqnjx­t­r­p­h­t­-y­bz,BNÄHjåt­cgt­x­bnp­y­fx­t­y­bt­Q,h­fdy­jt­10,bedt­kbx­t­y­y­jt­dh­t­vz

ujh­t­y­bz.djghjc­:Rfr­j-

dsch­jr­bh­t­fkbp­f-wbbgh­jt­r­nfBNÄH?

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ljcnfdbnm.Lkzänjujgjnh­t­ået­nczjåt­cgt­x­bnmt­ét­ujl-

y­jt­aby­fy­cbh­jdfy­bt­gh­jt­r­nfdljcnfnjx­y­jvjåüt­vt­,gjänjvey­t­jå-öjlbvjåelt­nh­t­i­bnmaby­fy­cjdst­djgh­jcs.Jåo­fzwt­kmp­fr­kñ­x­ft­n-czdnjv,x­njåsddt­cnbBNÄHdär­cgkefnfwbñ­d2016ujle.Zy­t­vjue

jåt­o­fnmdfv,x­njänfwt­kmåelt­nljcnbuy­enf,gjnj-vex­njdnt­x­t­y­bt­åkbéfqi­t­ujujlfy­fvgh­t­lcnjbnt­o­t­jceo­t­cndbnmgh­jwt­cclt­nfkmy­jujgkfy­bh­jdf-y­bz.Gjänjvezåsgjr­fy­t­öjnt­kujdjh­bnmj2016ujlt­r­fr­jr­h­fqy­t­vch­jr­t­.Gjckt­p­fdt­h­i­t­y­bz

Nthvj­zlthysq htfrnj­h B­NÄH ukfpfvb­ öe­lj­é­yb­rf. D j­c­yj­dt B­NÄH kté­b­n rj­ywtgwb­z nj­rfvfrf, d rj­nj­hj­v uj­hzxb­q ufp e­lth-é­b­dftnc­z d nj­ht – c­j­c­e­lt d a­j­hvt gj­yxb­rf – c­ gj­vj­om­ñ vfu-yb­nyj­uj­ gj­kz. Ufp yfuhtdftnc­z lj­ ntvgthfne­hs å­j­ktt 100 vky. uhfle­c­j­d Wtkm­c­b­z, f ghb­ htfrwb­b­ nthvj­zlthyj­uj­ c­b­yntpf å­e­ltn dsltkznm­c­z äythub­z d j­å­ütvt 500 VDn. Ab­ue­hf xtkj­dtrf e­ j­c­yj­-dfyb­z htfrnj­hf lftn ghtlc­nfdktyb­t j­ hfpvthfö e­c­nhj­qc­ndf.

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Page 34: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

cnh­jbnt­kmcndfBNÄHgh­jh­fåjnft­ndnt­x­t­y­bt­25bkb30kt­n.

djghjc­:Yt­vjukbåsdsjgbcfnmänfgsh­t­fkb-p­fwbbgh­jt­r­nfBNÄH?

öjkm­nrf­vg:Gt­h­dsqänfg–gjlujnjdr­fr­cnh­jb-nt­kmcnde.Jabwbfkmy­jBNÄHgjr­fy­t­ceo­t­cndet­nr­fr­jh­ufy­bp­fwbz,gjnjvex­njct­vmcnjh­jy­t­o­t­y­t­gjlgbcfkbby­t­h­fnbabwbh­jdfkby­t­jåöjlbvst­ljr­evt­y­ns.Gh­t­lgjkjébnt­kmy­jänjgh­jbp­jqlt­nljr­jy­wfujlf.Cnjh­jy­sljujdjh­bkbcmjnjv,x­njåe-lt­ngh­t­lcnfdkznmcjåjqBNÄHr­fr­vt­éley­fh­jly­fzjh­ufy­bp­fwbz.Bänjgjlkby­y­sqecgt­ö.Gjnh­t­åjdf-kjcmgh­bvt­h­y­jx­t­nsh­t­ujlflkznjuj,x­njåsp­fdt­h­-i­bnmgt­h­t­ujdjh­sjnjv,r­fr­änjgh­t­lgjkfuft­nczlt­kfnmbx­njBNÄHåelt­ngjcnh­jt­y­djAh­fy­wbb.Dnjét­dh­t­vzgjky­sqnt­r­cnljujdjh­fbvt­t­ndnjk-o­by­evt­y­t­t­jly­jujlñ­qvf.Dgt­x­fnkzt­n,x­njct­vmcnjh­jy­cvjukbljujdjh­bnmczjcjp­lfy­bby­jdjqvt­éley­fh­jly­jqkfåjh­fnjh­bb,bcgjkmp­jdfdlkzänj-ujy­t­nfr­vy­jujåevfub.

Dy­fcnjzo­bqvjvt­y­ny­fx­by­zt­nczänfgcnh­jbnt­km-cndf–cnh­jbnt­kmcndfecnh­jqcndf,p­lfy­bqbäkt­-vt­y­njdnjr­fvfr­f.Änjär­cgt­h­bvt­y­nfkmy­fzr­fvt­h­fnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujcby­nt­p­fdajh­vt­gjy­x­br­f(njh­jb-lfkmy­jqajh­vs),dr­jnjh­jqgkfp­vfy­fuh­t­dft­nczbclt­h­ébdft­nczvfuy­bny­svbgjkzvb.Nt­h­vby­≤nj-r­fvfr­≥zdkzt­nczcjr­h­fo­t­y­bt­vjnh­eccr­jzp­sx­y­j-ujnt­h­vby­f≤njh­jblfkmy­fzr­fvt­h­fcvfuy­bny­svbr­fnei­r­fvb≥.Blfkt­t­cåjh­r­fbp­fgecr­njr­fvfr­f.

Änfgär­cgkefnfwbbp­fqvt­nckt­leñ­o­bt­25bkb30kt­n,dnt­x­t­y­bt­r­jnjh­söåelengh­jdt­lt­y­sdct­p­fgkfy­bh­jdfy­y­st­är­cgt­h­bvt­y­ns.Gjcr­jkmr­eBNÄH–änjär­cgt­h­bvt­y­nfkmy­jt­ecnh­jqcndj,jy­y­t­åelt­ndsdt­lt­y­y­fgh­jt­r­ny­eñ­vjo­y­jcnmy­fckt­leñ­o­bqlt­y­mgjckt­njuj,r­fr­åelt­ngjcnh­jt­y­.Kñ­lbljké-y­såelt­ndy­fx­fkt­y­fex­bnmczär­cgkefnbh­jdfnmt­uj,ep­y­fnmcdzp­fy­y­st­cänbvct­r­h­t­nsbgh­bt­vs,ds-zcy­bnm,dx­t­vp­fr­kñ­x­fñ­nczgh­jåkt­vs,bnjkmr­jgjckt­änjujfr­nbdy­jgh­bcnegbnmr­h­fåjnfvlkzljcnbét­y­bzr­jy­t­x­y­söy­fex­y­söwt­kt­qb,djp­vjé-y­j,lfét­gh­t­dp­jqnbbö.

Gjckt­ly­bqänfg–dsdjlbp­är­cgkefnfwbb,r­j-njh­sqy­t­jåöjlbvjh­fcgkfy­bh­jdfnmeét­y­fänfgt­cnh­jbnt­kmcndfbär­cgkefnfwbb.Zeét­ujdjh­bk,x­njgjåjx­y­st­gh­jler­nsnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujcby­nt­p­fy­t­zdkzñ­nczdscjr­jh­flbjfr­nbdy­svb,y­jcfvfr­fvt­h­f–njvt­cnj,ult­gh­jbcöjlbnänjngh­jwt­cc–zdkzt­nczjx­t­y­mh­flbjfr­nbdy­jq.Tt­y­t­jåöjlbvj

åelt­ndsdt­cnbbp­är­cgkefnfwbbbenbkbp­jdfnmåt­p­y­fy­t­ct­y­bzdh­t­lfjr­h­eéfñ­o­t­qch­t­lt­,r­fr­bkñ­åeñ­lh­eueñ­h­flbjfr­nbdy­eñ­lt­nfkmjåjh­eljdfy­bz.Dct­änjdöjlbndänfgdsdjlfbp­är­cgkefnfwbb,r­jnj-h­sqgh­jlkbnczgh­bvt­h­y­jgznmkt­n.

djghjc­: Gjx­t­vevt­éley­fh­jly­jt­y­fex­y­jt­cj-nh­ely­bx­t­cndjbvt­t­nh­t­i­fñ­o­t­t­p­y­fx­t­y­bt­lkzecgt­i­y­jqh­t­fkbp­fwbbgh­jt­r­nfBNÄH?

öjkm­nrf­vg:Äy­t­h­ut­nbx­t­cr­fzgh­jåkt­vfcnjbngt­h­t­ldct­vvbh­jv.Tckbdp­znmänbct­vmcnjh­jy­–Tdh­jgt­qcr­bqcjñ­p­,Ht­cgeåkbr­fRjh­t­z,By­lbz,Rbnfq,Zgjy­bz,HjccbzbCIF–bgjlcx­bnfnm,cr­jkmr­jkñ­lt­qébdt­ndänböcnh­fy­fö,njdszcy­bn-cz,x­njy­fböljkñ­gh­böjlbnczåjkt­t­gjkjdby­sy­fct­kt­y­bzdct­ujvbh­f.Gjdsi­t­y­y­sqby­nt­h­t­ccböcnjh­jy­sjx­t­dblt­y­bkt­ur­jjåüzcy­bv.Yfex­y­jt­cj-nh­ely­bx­t­cndj,y­fvjqdp­ukzl,zdkzt­nczy­t­vt­y­t­t­jx­t­dbly­sv.Cgt­wbfkbcnsgjcjp­lfy­bñ­ecnh­jqcndnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujcby­nt­p­fbvt­ñ­nczdh­fp­kbx­y­söcnh­f-y­fövbh­f,flkzcnh­jbnt­kmcndfcnjkmckjéy­jujecnh­jqcndfy­eéy­scfvst­evy­st­kñ­lb,r­jnjh­sövsnjkmr­jvjét­vy­fqnb.Rh­jvt­njuj,åjkmi­bvgh­t­bveo­t­cndjvvt­éley­fh­jly­jujcjnh­ely­bx­t­cndfzdkzt­ncznj,x­njkñ­lbh­fp­y­sör­ekmneh­gh­bdy­jcznh­fp­kbx­y­st­blt­b,gh­bx­t­vlt­kfñ­nänjdeckjdbzöy­fex­y­jujcjgt­h­y­bx­t­cndf,x­njdt­lt­nr­cjp­lfy­bñ­åj-kt­t­elfx­y­jujy­fex­y­jujecnh­jqcndf.

djghjc­: Xnjgh­jbp­jqlt­ngjckt­p­fdt­h­i­t­y­bzgh­j-t­r­nfBNÄH?

öjkm­nrf­vg:Gh­juh­fvvfnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujcby­nt­p­fy­jcbngjbcnby­t­vt­éley­fh­jly­sq,i­bh­jr­bqöfh­fr­-nt­h­.Kñ­lbeét­ct­qx­fch­fccx­bnsdfñ­ny­fecgt­öBNÄHblevfñ­njckt­leñ­o­t­vi­fut­–cjp­lfy­bbgh­jnjnbgfgh­jvsi­kt­y­y­jujnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujh­t­fr­nj-h­fgjly­fp­dfy­bt­vLTVJ.Xnjåsgjcnh­jbnmt­uj,y­t­jåöjlbvj,x­njåsBNÄHh­fåjnfk.Vsljkéy­sljcnbx­my­fi­böy­fex­y­söwt­kt­q,gjnjvex­njänjåelt­njp­y­fx­fnm,x­njdsldbuft­vst­y­fvbblt­bdgjk-y­t­jceo­t­cndbvs.Nt­vy­t­vt­y­t­t­,zcjukfct­y­cnt­v,x­njdct­ulfckt­let­nlevfnmjnjv,x­njåelt­nlfkm-i­t­.Rh­jvt­njuj,dgh­jwt­cct­är­cgkefnfwbbBNÄHdnt­x­t­y­bt­25-30kt­ny­fi­bp­y­fy­bzgjcnt­gt­y­y­jeuke-åznczbh­fci­bh­zncz,bvscvjét­våjkt­t­njx­y­jy­fvt­nbnmy­fi­ckt­leñ­o­bqi­fu.

vytyb­z, dscr­fpsdftvst d lfyyj­q cnfnm­t, yt j­åzpfntkm­yj­

j­nhféfñ­n nj­xr­e­ phtyb­z b­kb­ gj­kb­nb­r­e­ ghfdb­ntkm­cndf cIf

b­kb­ cnj­hj­y­e­xfcnyb­w ghj­tr­nf Bn­Äh­.

Page 35: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

vfhufhtnn lädb­c, lb­htr­nj­­hf ≤åjn­e­cf≥, gfhnythcn­df vb­yb­cnthcndf plhf­dj­j­ö­hfytyb­z åj­ncdfys c Wtynhfvb­ cIf gj­ r­j­ynhj­­kñ­ b­ ghj­ab­kfr­nb­r­t pfåj­kt­dfyb­q.

Åjncdfy­f,r­jnjh­fzy­föjlbnczdFah­br­t­r­ñ­uejnCföfh­s,zdkzt­nczägbwt­y­nh­jvgfy­lt­vbbDBX.Gh­båkbp­bnt­kmy­j24fit­t­y­fct­kt­y­bzd

djp­h­fcnt­jn15lj49kt­nzdkzñ­nczy­jcbnt­kzvbdbh­ecf–änjjlby­bp­cfvsödscjr­bögjr­fp­fnt­kt­qh­fcgh­jcnh­fy­t­y­y­jcnbp­fåjkt­dfy­bzdvbh­t­.

D≤Ljr­kflt­jukjåfkmy­jqägblt­vbbCGBLf≥2006ujlf,dsgeo­t­y­y­jvJåüt­lby­t­y­y­jqgh­juh­fvvjqJJYgjDBX/CGBLedvft­2006ujlf,cjjåo­ft­nczj18nsc.cvt­h­nt­kmy­söbcöjlföjnänjujp­fåjkt­df-y­bzdgh­ji­kjvujle.Dgjckt­ly­bt­ujlsdscjr­fz

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Page 36: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

cvt­h­ny­jcnmch­t­lbvjkjlsödp­h­jcksöclt­kfkfcbh­j-nfvb120nsc.åjncdfy­cr­bölt­nt­q,x­njcjcnfdkzt­ngjx­nb7fidct­ujy­fct­kt­y­bzcnh­fy­s.

CGBLcx­bnft­nczcvt­h­nt­kmy­jjgfcy­svp­fåjkt­-dfy­bt­v,y­jafr­nbx­t­cr­jqgh­bx­by­jqcvt­h­nbvy­juböét­h­ndzdkzt­nczneåt­h­r­ekt­p­(NÅ)–p­fåjkt­dfy­bt­,r­jnjh­jt­x­fo­t­dct­ujgjh­féft­njckfåkt­y­y­eñ­bv-vey­y­eñ­cbcnt­veDBX-by­abwbh­jdfy­y­sökñ­lt­q.Dcfvjvlt­kt­,bcckt­ljdfy­bt­,gh­jdt­lt­y­y­jt­cjdvt­cny­jWt­y­nh­fvbCIFgjr­jy­nh­jkñ­bgh­jabkfr­nbr­t­p­f-åjkt­dfy­bqbbcckt­ljdfnt­kzvbbp­Åjncdfy­s,gjr­f-p­fkj,x­nj38ficvt­h­nt­kmy­söbcöjljdjnCGBLfdÅjncdfy­t­afr­nbx­t­cr­båskbdsp­dfy­sNÅ.

Jly­jdh­t­vt­y­y­jt­djp­y­br­y­jdt­y­bt­by­at­r­wbqNÅbDBXy­fp­sdft­nczcjägblt­vbt­q.Jy­jzdkzt­nczåjkt­p­-y­t­y­y­svåh­t­vt­y­t­vlkzänjqcnh­fy­s,y­t­bvt­ñ­o­t­qdsöjlfr­vjh­ñ­,cy­fct­kt­y­bt­v1,7vky­.x­t­kjdt­r­,y­jgh­fdbnt­kmcndjÅjncdfy­sfr­nbdy­jgh­jdjlbnr­jv-gkt­r­cy­eñ­gjkbnbr­egjåjh­måt­cåjkt­p­y­zvb.

C1995ujlf,jndt­x­fzy­fr­h­bp­bc,dsp­dfy­y­sqCGB-Ljv,Vby­bcnt­h­cndjp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzÅjncdfy­sbWt­y­nh­sCIFgjr­jy­nh­jkñ­bgh­jabkfr­nbr­t­p­fåj-kt­dfy­bqcjnh­ely­bx­fñ­ndjceo­t­cndkt­y­bbgh­juh­fvvbgh­jdt­lt­y­bbbcckt­ljdfy­bq.Dänjvgfh­ny­t­h­cndt­,r­jnjh­jt­y­jcbny­fp­dfy­bt­≤ÅJNECF≥,ex­fcndeñ­nåjkt­t­170by­jcnh­fy­y­söbvt­cny­söcgt­wbfkbcnjdbcjnh­ely­br­jddcgjvjufnt­kmy­söckeéå,r­jnjh­st­gh­t­ljcnfdkzñ­nnt­öy­bx­t­cr­eñ­gjvjo­m,gh­jdjlznr­jy­cekmnfwbb,jåt­cgt­x­bdfñ­naby­fy­cbh­jdfy­bt­,h­t­f-kbp­eñ­nh­fp­kbx­y­st­gh­juh­fvvsbgh­jdjlznbcckt­-ljdfy­bzdjåkfcnbgh­jabkfr­nbr­b,vt­lbwby­cr­jqgjvjo­b,gjllt­h­ér­bby­fåkñ­lt­y­bzgh­bDBX/CGB-Lt­,neåt­h­r­ekt­p­t­bcvt­éy­söp­fåjkt­dfy­bzö.

Wt­kmñ­bcckt­ljdfy­bq≤ÅJNECF≥djåkfcnbDBXbNÅzdkzt­nczh­fci­bh­t­y­bt­p­y­fy­bqjcdzp­bvt­éleägblt­vbx­t­cr­bvneåt­h­r­ekt­p­jvbDBXdeckjdbzöjuh­fy­bx­t­y­y­jcnbh­t­ceh­cjdlkzh­fp­h­fåjnr­båjkt­t­äaat­r­nbdy­söcnh­fnt­ubqgh­jabkfr­nbr­bNÅdÅjn-cdfy­t­blh­euböcnh­fy­föbh­t­ubjy­föcfy­fkjubx­y­svbeckjdbzvb.

Ukfdy­svljcnbét­y­bt­vänjujlkzo­t­ujczeét­åjkt­t­10kt­ncjnh­ely­bx­t­cndfdjåkfcnby­fex­y­söbcckt­ljdfy­bqzdkzt­nczgh­juh­fvvfgh­jabkfr­nbx­t­c-r­jqnt­h­fgbb.Bcgjkmp­ezbp­jy­bfp­bl–öjh­ji­jct­åzp­fh­t­r­jvt­y­ljdfdi­t­t­gh­jabkfr­nbx­t­cr­jt­ch­t­lcndjgh­jnbdNÅ,änfgh­juh­fvvfgsnft­nczgh­t­ljndh­fnbnmneåt­h­r­ekt­p­gjx­nbe60fikñ­lt­q,ébdeo­böcDBX.

Gh­juh­fvvfgh­jabkfr­nbx­t­cr­jqbp­jy­bfp­bljdjqnt­-h­fgbb–gt­h­dfzgh­juh­fvvfgjljåy­jujh­jlf,r­jnj-h­fzåelt­ndy­t­lh­t­y­fult­-kbåjdvbh­t­,–gh­t­ckt­let­nwt­kmgt­h­t­dt­cnbdct­ökñ­lt­qdcnh­fy­t­,ébdeo­böcDBX/CGBLjv,y­fh­t­ébvgh­jabkfr­nbx­t­cr­jujgh­bt­vfbp­jy­bfp­blflkzgh­t­ljndh­fo­t­y­bzböp­fåjkt­-dfy­bzNÅ.

Dh­fvr­fölfy­y­jqgh­juh­fvvsDBX-by­abwbh­jdfy­-y­svkñ­lzvnfr­ét­gh­t­ljcnfdkzt­nczåjkt­t­i­bh­j-r­bqljcnegr­vt­lbwby­cr­jqgjvjo­bbfy­nbh­t­nh­jdb-h­ecy­svkt­r­fh­cndfv.

Jly­fr­jär­cgt­h­nsp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzy­flt­ñ­ncz,x­njbp­jy­bfp­bljdfznt­h­fgbzjåt­cgt­x­bncnt­gt­y­mp­f-o­bnsdsi­t­60fiby­abwbh­jdfy­y­söDBXbåjkt­t­lkbnt­kmy­eñ­p­fo­bnegh­jnbdfr­nbdy­jujNÅ,gjänjvedy­fcnjzo­t­t­dh­t­vzWt­y­nh­sCIFgjr­jy­nh­jkñ­bgh­jabkfr­nbr­t­p­fåjkt­dfy­bqbVby­bcnt­h­cndjp­lh­fdj-jöh­fy­t­y­bzÅjncdfy­sgh­jdjlznr­kby­bx­t­cr­bt­bcgsnf-y­bzcex­fcnbt­v2nsc.x­t­kjdt­r­,x­njåsdszcy­bnm,x­njäaat­r­nbdy­t­t­–y­t­gh­t­h­sdy­sqr­eh­cbp­jy­bfp­blj-djqnt­h­fgbbbkbi­t­cnbvt­czx­y­sqr­eh­ckt­r­fh­cndt­y­-y­jqgh­jabkfr­nbr­b.

Yfh­zlecgjckt­ly­bvbgh­jt­r­nfvbgfh­ny­t­h­cndj≤ÅJNECF≥nfr­ét­jåt­cgt­x­bkjgh­jdt­lt­y­bt­åjkm-i­jujjåüt­vfbcckt­ljdfy­bq,r­jnjh­st­h­fci­bh­bkbp­y­fy­bzjNÅdägjöeCGBLf,dr­kñ­x­fzjåckt­ljdf-y­bzkt­r­fh­cndt­y­y­jecnjqx­bdsöajh­vNÅ,gh­jwt­y­nby­abwbh­jdfy­bzy­fct­kt­y­bzNÅ,fnfr­ét­gjdt­lt­y­bt­bh­t­fr­wbzgfwbt­y­njdbr­kby­bwbcnjd,ébdeo­bödeckj-dbzöcjägblt­vbb.

≤ÅJNECF≥nfr­ét­gh­t­ljcnfdkzt­nåjkt­t­r­fx­t­cn-dt­y­y­jt­jåex­t­y­bt­ujh­jlcr­böbct­kmcr­böh­fåjny­br­jdp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzÅjncdfy­s,x­njljkéy­jgh­bdt­cnbr­ekex­i­t­y­bñ­y­fåkñ­lt­y­bzp­fp­fåjkt­dfy­bzvb,cr­h­b-y­by­ufgfwbt­y­njdbvt­lbwby­cr­jqgjvjo­b.

Åjncdfy­fnfr­ét­zdkzt­nczjly­jqbp­15cnh­fy­,gjkex­fñ­o­böwt­kt­deñ­gjvjo­mdh­fvr­föGh­t­p­blt­y­n-cr­jujx­h­t­p­dsx­fqy­jujgjvjo­bét­h­ndfvCGBLf.CIFgh­t­ljcnfdbkbch­t­lcndfy­fp­fr­egr­efy­nbh­t­n-h­jdbh­ecy­sökt­r­fh­cndbgjvjukbcjp­lfnmdcnh­fy­t­cbcnt­vsgjlujnjdr­b,r­jy­nh­jkzr­fx­t­cndfbh­fp­h­f-åjnr­bh­er­jdjlcndgjr­kby­bx­t­cr­jvegh­jdt­lt­y­bñ­fy­nbh­t­nh­jdbh­ecy­jqnt­h­fgbb,kfåjh­fnjh­y­söbcckt­lj-dfy­bqDBX,vjy­bnjh­by­ufbjwt­y­r­bäaat­r­nbdy­jcnbfy­nbh­t­nh­jdbh­ecy­jqnt­h­fgbb.Änjndr­kflp­fr­h­t­gbkecgt­öy­fwbjy­fkmy­jqcnh­fnt­ubbÅjncdfy­sgjåjh­måt­cjCGBLjv.∆

Page 37: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

r­b­nfq, h­j­ccb­z b­ cIf j­åütlb­yb­kb­ e­cb­kb­z, xnj­ås cj­plfnm­ j­gnj­dj­kj­r­j­yye­ñ­ ctnm­, r­j­nj­hfz hfcghj­­cnhfyb­ncz yf dct ctdthyj­t gj­ke­ifhb­t, j­åtcgtxb­n

hfåj­ne­ dscj­r­j­cr­j­hj­cnyj­q cb­cntvs yfgj­lj­åb­t Bynthyt­nf b­ cdzétn e­xtysö­, gtlfuj­­uj­d b­ e­xfob­ö­cz gj­ dctve­ vb­he­. Ukj­åfkm­yfz r­j­km­wtdfz ctnm­ lkz gthtlj­dsö­ ghb­kj­étyb­q (GLORIAD, ht­t­p://www.gloriad.org), hfphfåfnsdftncz yf åfpt e­yb­dthcb­ntnf n­tyytccb­ b­ jr­hb­lécr­j­q yfwb­j­yfkm­yj­q

kfåj­hfnj­hb­b­ vb­yb­cnthcndf äythutnb­r­b­ cIf, ab­yfycb­he­tncz uj­ce­lfhcndtyysvb­ futyncndfvb­ d nhtö­ cnhfyfö­ b­ j­kb­wtndj­hztn cj­åj­q gfhnythcndf c cfvsvb­ gthtlj­dsvb­ d vb­ht b­ccktlj­dfntkm­cr­b­vb­ b­ j­åhfpj­dfntkm­ysvb­ b­yahfcnhe­r­ne­hfvb­ d r­fyflt, h­tcge­åkb­r­t r­j­htz, y­b­lthkfylfö­ b­ gznb­ cr­fylb­yfd­cr­b­ö­ cnhfyfö­.

Uhäu r­j­e­k – dtle­ob­q b­ccktlj­dfntkm­ ghj­uhfvvs y­fwb­j­yfkm­yj­uj­ yfe­xyj­uj­ aj­ylf cIf, e­ndthlb­dit­uj­ GLORIAD (r­fr­ b­ tt ghtlitcndtyyb­we­ NaukaNet­) ghb­ j­åütvt ab­yfycb­hj­dfyb­z d 9,5 vky. lj­kk. r­ 1998­2009 uj­lfv. jy j­lb­y b­p lb­htr­nj­hj­d (yfhzle­ c y­fnfitq åfkfij­dj­q) fvthb­r­fyj­­hj­ccb­qcr­j­q

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�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

uhfélfycr­j­q ctntdj­q ghj­uhfvvs, ab­yfycb­he­tvj­q Aj­ylj­v Aj­hlf, b­ he­r­j­dj­lb­k lhe­ub­vb­ fvthb­r­f­yj­­hj­ccb­qcr­b­vb­ ghj­uhfvvfvb­ hfpdb­nb­z ctntdj­q b­yahfcnhe­r­ne­hs, r­j­nj­hst ab­yfycb­hj­dfkb­ y­fn­j, Uj­ce­lfhcndtyysq ltgfhnfvtyn cIf, Aj­yl ≤tdhf­pb­z≥, r­j­vgfyb­z ≤cfy vfqr­hj­cb­cntvc≥ b­ lhe­ub­t.

GLORIADdsh­jckfbp­ecgt­i­y­jqfvt­h­br­fy­j-h­jccbqcr­jqby­bwbfnbds,gh­jaby­fy­cbh­jdfy­-y­jqCIFbHjccbt­qd1997ujledwt­kzö

cjp­lfy­bzgt­h­djujdscjr­jcr­jh­jcny­jujBy­nt­h­y­t­n-r­f-y­fkfvt­élefvt­h­br­fy­cr­bvbh­jccbqcr­bvy­fex­-y­svbcjjåo­t­cndfvb.Gh­jt­r­nMi­rNET(gjp­ly­t­t­

gt­h­t­bvt­y­jdfy­y­sqdNaukaNet­)åskcjdvt­cny­svlt­-nbo­t­vYfwbjy­fkmy­jujy­fex­y­jujajy­lfCIF,Ey­b-dt­h­cbnt­nfNt­y­y­t­ccb,Hjccbqcr­jqfr­flt­vbby­fer­,Vby­bcnt­h­cndfgh­jvsi­kt­y­y­jcnb,y­fer­bbnt­öy­br­bHjccbqcr­jqAt­lt­h­fwbbbHjccbqcr­jujbcckt­ljdf-nt­kmcr­jujwt­y­nh­f/By­cnbnenfReh­x­fnjdf.

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bjåh­fp­jdfnt­kmy­st­ex­h­t­élt­y­bzHjccbb.Gh­jkj-ébdjgnjdjkjr­jy­y­sqr­fy­fkx­t­h­t­p­Fnkfy­nbx­t­cr­bqjr­t­fy­,Tdh­jgebCt­dt­h­y­eñ­Fvt­h­br­e,cjt­lby­bdi­bqr­jy­t­x­y­st­njx­r­bdXbr­fujbVjcr­dt­,vsdgt­h­dst­cdzp­fkbdféy­t­qi­bt­bcckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­bt­bjåh­fp­jdf-nt­kmy­st­ex­h­t­élt­y­bzdänböldeöcnh­fy­fö.

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h­jly­eñ­Ht­cgeåkbr­e.Vscdzp­fkby­fi­bögfh­ny­t­h­jddUjy­r­jy­ut­cy­fi­bvbgfh­ny­t­h­fvbbp­Rbnfqcr­jqfr­flt­-vbby­fer­,fjy­bp­fnt­vgh­jkjébkbct­nmjnUjy­r­jy­ufljGt­r­by­fbljh­jccbqcr­jquh­fy­b-wsdåkbp­bÖfåfh­jd-cr­f.Yfi­bh­jccbqcr­bt­gfh­ny­t­h­sh­fci­bh­zkbcdjñ­ct­nmljÖfåfh­jd-cr­f,fHjccbzbRbnfqdgt­h­dst­gh­jkjébkbx­t­h­t­p­cdjñ­jåo­eñ­uh­fy­bwent­kt­r­jvvey­b-r­fwbjy­y­eñ­kby­bñ­.Dnjqnjx­r­t­p­fvr­y­ekjcmr­jkmwjdjr­h­euCt­dt­h­-y­jujgjkei­fh­bz.

Ct­nmp­fh­fåjnfkfdy­fx­fkt­2004ujlf.

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Page 39: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

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at­h­t­y­wcdzp­m–r­jnjh­st­vsnfr­ét­gh­jljkéft­vgh­t­ljcnfdkznm.

Pfgjckt­ly­bt­ujlsbcgjkmp­jdfy­bt­ex­t­y­svbäkt­r­nh­jy­y­söch­t­lcndcdzp­bljcnbukjnfr­jujeh­jd-y­z,r­julfy­t­r­jnjh­svuh­eggfvy­fr­jh­jnr­jt­dh­t­vznh­t­ået­nczär­dbdfkt­y­nböcjåcndt­y­y­jujBy­nt­h­y­t­nf–x­njåsgt­h­t­lfnmåjkmi­jqjåüt­vlfy­y­söbkbjåt­cgt­x­bnmdscjr­jt­r­fx­t­cndjr­jy­t­x­y­jujh­t­p­ekmnf-nf:y­fgh­bvt­h­,lkzgt­h­t­lfx­bdscjr­jr­fx­t­cndt­y­y­jujgjnjr­jdjujdblt­jbkblbcnfy­wbjy­y­jujegh­fdkt­y­bzäkt­r­nh­jy­y­svvbr­h­jcr­jgjv.Jåo­t­ljcnegy­sqBy­-nt­h­y­t­nöjh­ji­lkznfr­böjgt­h­fwbq,r­fr­äkt­r­nh­jy­-y­fzgjx­nf,r­julfdh­t­vzbr­fx­t­cndjgt­h­t­lfdft­vsölfy­y­söy­t­zdkzñ­nczr­h­bnbx­t­cr­bvbafr­njh­fvb.Yjr­julfdsegh­fdkzt­nt­äkt­r­nh­jy­y­svvbr­h­jcr­j-gjvy­fh­fccnjzy­bb,dfvy­eéy­fvuy­jdt­y­y­fzjndt­n-y­fzh­t­fr­wbz.Änjjly­fbp­gh­bx­by­,gjx­t­vevscj-p­lft­vnfr­y­fp­sdft­veñ­ubåh­bly­eñ­fh­öbnt­r­njy­br­eGLORIAD,r­jnjh­fzgjp­djkbny­fvgh­t­ljcnfdkznmex­t­y­svdslt­kt­y­y­st­r­fy­fkscdzp­bgjvbvjljcne-gfdjåo­t­ljcnegy­sqBy­nt­h­y­t­nlkzjngh­fdr­bbgh­b-t­vfäkt­r­nh­jy­y­sögbct­vblh­eubödt­å-jgt­h­fwbq.

Ckt­leñ­o­bvi­fujvdh­fp­dbnbbGLORIAD cnfkjcjp­lfy­bt­gfh­ny­t­h­cndfcHt­cgeåkbr­jqRjh­t­z/Rj-h­t­qcr­bvby­cnbnenjvy­fex­y­j-nt­öy­bx­t­cr­jqby­ajh­vf-wbbdr­fx­t­cndt­x­t­ndt­h­njujjcy­jdy­jujx­kt­y­fy­fi­t­-ujr­jy­cjh­wbevf.Jy­bgh­bcjt­lby­bkbcmr­gh­jt­r­ned2005ujlebgh­bgjllt­h­ér­t­Vby­bcnt­h­cndfy­fer­bbnt­öy­br­bRjh­t­bcgh­jt­r­nbh­jdfkbbgh­jaby­fy­cbh­jdf-kbgh­jr­kflr­e10-ubufåbny­jujr­fy­fkfcdzp­bbp­Ujy­-r­jy­uf(Rbnfq)ljNäléjy­f(Ht­cgeåkbr­fRjh­t­z)blfkt­t­ljCbänkf(i­n.Dfi­by­unjy­,CIF).Änjåskgt­h­dsqct­uvt­y­nct­nbGLORIAD,gh­t­ly­fp­y­fx­t­y­y­sqlkzgh­t­ljcnfdkt­y­bzubåh­bly­söeckeu.Yfi­fwt­km–cjp­lfnmh­fåjnjcgjcjåy­eñ­ct­nmcgh­jgecr­y­jqcgjcjåy­jcnmñ­10Uåbndct­r­ey­le,jgjzcsdfñ­o­eñ­dt­cmp­t­vy­jqi­fh­,bvsi­fup­fi­fujvldbét­vczr­t­t­ljcnbét­y­bñ­.Gh­bcr­jh­jcnbgt­h­t­lfx­blfy­y­sö10Uåbndct­r­ey­levjéy­j,y­fgh­bvt­h­,jly­jdh­t­vt­y­-y­jgjllt­h­ébdfnm25nsc.dblt­jr­jy­at­h­t­y­wbqbkbgh­bvt­h­y­j1vky­.nt­kt­ajy­y­söp­djy­r­jdcbcgjkmp­j-dfy­bt­vnt­öy­jkjubqBy­nt­h­y­t­n-nt­kt­ajy­bb.Ct­ujly­zvt­éleCIFbRbnft­vbvt­éleCIFbHjccbt­qvsvjét­vgjllt­h­ébdfnmgh­bvt­h­y­jkbi­mx­t­ndt­h­-neñ­x­fcnmänjuj.

Dy­fcnjzo­t­t­dh­t­vzr­h­egy­t­qi­bvgh­bvt­y­t­y­bt­vct­nbGLORIADzdkzt­nczjåt­cgt­x­t­y­bt­cdzp­bvt­é-leby­cnbnenjvdscjr­jäy­t­h­ut­nbx­t­cr­jqabp­br­bd

Bnfkbbbgh­by­flkt­éfo­bvRbnfqcr­jqfr­flt­vbby­fer­lt­nt­r­njh­jvr­jcvbx­t­cr­jujbp­kex­t­y­bz,h­fcgj-kjét­y­y­svdscjr­jdujh­föNbåt­nf.Dt­lt­nczcåjh­uh­jvfly­jujjåüt­vflfy­y­sölkzgjckt­leñ­o­t­ujfy­f-kbp­fex­t­y­svbdBnfkbbbRbnft­.Änjnnh­fabr­y­t­gh­t­r­h­fo­ft­ncz24x­fcfdcenr­b.Njkmr­jp­fgjckt­l-y­bqx­fc,dnt­x­t­y­bt­r­jnjh­jujzgbcfkänecnfnmñ­,vt­éleänbvbldevzgkjo­flr­fvbåskjgt­h­t­r­fx­t­-y­j4Uåfqnflfy­y­sö.

Dnjh­svdféy­t­qi­bvgh­bvt­y­t­y­bt­vct­nbGLORIADct­ujly­zzdkzt­nczgt­h­t­lfx­flfy­y­söjnjly­jujbp­gjlh­fp­lt­kt­y­bqYFCF,p­fy­bvfñ­o­t­ujczgh­jt­r­nbh­jdfy­bt­vckjéy­söcbcnt­v,r­Rbnfqcr­jqfr­flt­vbby­fer­.Dt­lenczjåi­bh­y­st­r­jcvbx­t­cr­bt­bcckt­ljdfy­bz,dnjvx­bckt­cbcgjkmp­jdfy­bt­vcgen-y­br­jdsöbp­jåh­fét­y­bqblfy­y­söjcjcnjzy­bbfnvj-cat­h­s.Ex­t­y­st­,p­fy­bvfñ­o­bt­czbp­ex­t­y­bt­vfnvj-cat­h­y­sözdkt­y­bq,–r­kbvfnjkjubbvt­nt­jh­jkjub–zdkzñ­nczjly­bvbbp­y­fbåjkt­t­fr­nbdy­sögjkm-p­jdfnt­kt­qct­nb.Ry­bvjny­jcznczYfwbjy­fkmy­sqwt­y­nh­fnvjcat­h­y­söbcckt­ljdfy­bqdi­n.Rjkjh­flj,Rbnfqcr­fzfr­flt­vbzy­fer­dGt­r­by­t­bHjccbqcr­bqublh­jvt­nt­jh­jkjubx­t­cr­bqwt­y­nh­dVjcr­dt­.

Yt­lfdy­jvsdcnh­t­nbkbcmcy­fi­bvbgfh­ny­t­h­fvbgjGLORIADdVjcr­dt­,ult­vsep­y­fkbjåby­nt­h­t­c-y­sönt­kt­vt­lbwby­cr­bögh­bvt­y­t­y­bzö.Yfi­bh­jccbq-cr­bt­gfh­ny­t­h­sh­fp­h­fåjnfkbjåjh­eljdfy­bt­,r­jnjh­jt­bcgjkmp­et­nlfy­y­st­gh­båjh­jdjnjåh­fét­y­bzvfuy­bn-y­jujh­t­p­jy­fy­cflkzcjp­lfy­bznh­t­övt­h­y­sögjkbvt­h­-y­sövjlt­kt­qjh­ufy­jdgfwbt­y­njddy­fneh­fkmy­eñ­dt­kbx­by­e,dr­kñ­x­fzvjp­u.Lkzänjujnh­t­ået­nczjuh­jvy­jt­r­jkbx­t­cndjlfy­y­sö.Pfnt­vänbvjlt­kbbcgjkmp­eñ­nczlkzfy­fkbp­fbgjlujnjdr­bcjjndt­n-cndeñ­o­bööbh­eh­ubx­t­cr­böjgt­h­fwbq.

Änjkbi­my­t­cr­jkmr­jgh­bvt­h­jdgh­bvt­y­t­y­bq,r­jnjh­st­y­t­djp­vjéy­sdBy­nt­h­y­t­nt­dt­ujct­ujly­zi­-y­t­vdblt­,lfét­gh­bbcgjkmp­jdfy­bbdscjr­jcr­jh­jc-ny­söcjt­lby­t­y­bq.By­nt­h­y­t­ngh­jcnjy­t­jåt­cgt­x­bdf-t­nnjujr­fx­t­cndfbnjqgh­jgecr­y­jqcgjcjåy­jcnb,r­jnjh­st­nh­t­åeñ­nczy­fex­y­svcjjåo­t­cndfv.

Jly­jqbp­gh­jåkt­v,r­jnjh­eñ­y­fvgh­böjlbnczh­t­i­fnm,zdkzt­nczr­båt­h­åt­p­jgfcy­jcnm–dct­cnh­f-y­s,ex­fcndeñ­o­bt­dgh­jt­r­nt­GLORIAD,gsnfñ­nczh­t­i­fnmänegh­jåkt­vecjjåo­f.Vsh­fp­h­fåjnfkby­t­-r­jnjh­st­by­nt­h­t­cy­st­gh­bkjét­y­bz,r­jnjh­st­gjp­dj-kzñ­ny­fvjceo­t­cndkznmvjy­bnjh­by­ubcgjkmp­jdf-y­bzct­nb,bdy­fcnjzo­t­t­dh­t­vzvsh­fp­h­fåfnsdft­vnt­öy­bx­t­cr­bt­ch­t­lcndflkzvjy­bnjh­by­ufy­t­wt­kt­djuj

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bcgjkmp­jdfy­bzct­nb.Dh­t­vzjndh­t­vt­y­by­fvgh­böjlbnczjnh­f-éfnmfnfr­by­fct­h­dbcs,gh­br­jnj-h­söp­kjevsi­kt­y­y­br­bjh­ufy­bp­e-ñ­n≤y­fdjly­t­y­bt­≥njujbkbby­jujcfqnf,cr­fét­v,dVjcr­dt­,lfy­-y­svbjnvy­juböcfqnjddjdct­vvbh­t­jly­jdh­t­vt­y­y­j,x­nj,gjcenblt­kf,lt­kft­ngt­h­dsqcfqny­t­h­fåj-njcgjcjåy­sv.Ry­t­vegjcnegft­ncnjkmr­jlfy­y­sö,x­njt­ujdsx­bc-kbnt­kmy­jt­ecnh­jqcndjgh­jcnjy­t­dcjcnjzy­bbbö≤gt­h­t­dfh­bnm≥.Bvt­t­nczvy­jét­cndjgh­bvt­h­jdnjuj,r­fr­kñ­lbp­kjegjnh­t­åkzñ­nr­jvvey­br­fwbjy­y­svbcbcnt­vf-vb,bjly­jqbp­y­fi­bödféy­söp­flfx­dCIFzdkzt­nczbp­ex­t­y­bt­bh­t­fkbp­fwbzvt­h­gjp­fo­bnt­jngjljåy­söp­kjegjnh­t­åkt­y­bq.

Yfgh­jnzét­y­bbh­fp­dbnbzgh­jt­r­-nfljcnegr­ct­nbgh­t­ljcnfdkzt­ncznjkmr­jbcckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­bvbjå-h­fp­jdfnt­kmy­svcjjåo­t­cndfv.Åjkmi­by­cndjy­fi­bör­kbt­y­njdzdkzñ­nczey­bdt­h­cbnt­ncr­bvby­fex­y­svbcjnh­ely­br­fvb,y­jåjkmi­fzx­fcnmy­fi­t­ujgjnjr­flfy­y­söcjp­lft­nczy­fwbjy­fkmy­svbkfåjh­fnjh­bzvbblh­eubvby­fex­y­j-bcckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­bvbex­h­t­élt­-y­bzvb,aby­fy­cbh­et­vsvbat­lt­h­fkmy­svgh­fdbnt­km-cndjv,dr­kñ­x­fzYFCF,Vby­bcnt­h­cndjäy­t­h­ut­nbr­b,Yfwbjy­fkmy­jt­egh­fdkt­y­bt­gjjr­t­fy­ebfnvjcat­h­t­bYfwbjy­fkmy­st­by­cnbnensp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzCIF.

Ct­ujly­zåjkt­t­gjkjdby­sgjnjr­flfy­y­sövt­éley­fvb,Hjccbt­qbRbnft­vcjp­lft­nczex­h­t­élt­y­bzvb,aby­fy­cbh­et­vsvbat­lt­h­fkmy­svgh­fdbnt­kmcndjv,dr­jnjh­söy­föjlznczr­h­egy­st­fh­öbdslfy­y­sö.Jcy­jdy­fzx­fcnmby­ajh­vfwbby­fgh­fdkt­y­fr­y­fi­bvvt­éley­fh­jly­svgfh­ny­t­h­fv–Hjccbb,Rbnfñ­,Ñéy­jqRjh­t­t­,nt­gt­h­mt­o­t­bYblt­h­kfy­lfv,Rfy­f-lt­bcr­fy­lby­fdcr­bvcnh­fy­fv–bgjcnegft­njny­bö.Yfi­by­jdt­qi­bt­gfh­ny­t­h­s–Lfy­bz,Idt­wbz,Yjh­-dt­ubz,Aby­kzy­lbzbBckfy­lbz–gjllt­h­ébdfñ­ncy­fvbcdzp­mx­t­h­t­p­ct­nmNORDUnet­.NORDUnet­ –änjjly­fbp­y­fbåjkt­t­y­jdfnjh­cr­böct­nt­dsöuh­eggdvbh­t­.Jy­fex­fcndjdfkfdh­fp­h­fåjnr­t­vt­éley­fh­jl-

y­jujBy­nt­h­y­t­nfy­fy­fx­fkmy­jvänfgt­t­ujh­fp­dbnbzbgh­jljkéft­njcnfdfnmczy­jdfnjh­jvdh­fp­h­fåjnr­t­gt­h­t­ljdsöct­nt­dsöeckeu.Jy­fåelt­nex­fcndjdfnmdcjp­lfy­bbdnjh­jujr­fy­fkfct­nbGLORIAD cgh­j-gecr­y­jqcgjcjåy­jcnmñ­10Uåbndct­r­ey­lebp­Yblt­h­-kfy­ljdx­t­h­t­p­dcñ­Tdh­jgebgjdjp­vjéy­jcnbr­fr­vjéy­jåkbét­r­h­jccbqcr­jquh­fy­bwt­.

Dy­t­r­jnjh­jvcvsckt­ct­nmdsgjky­zt­nldt­dfé-y­st­aey­r­wbb.Jy­fy­t­njkmr­jcjt­lby­zt­nr­jvgmñ­nt­-h­sbbp­vt­h­bnt­kmy­eñ­fggfh­fneh­e,gjp­djkzzex­t­y­svjåvt­y­bdfnmczblt­zvbblfy­y­svb,y­jbekex­i­ft­ny­fi­ecgjcjåy­jcnmjåo­fnmczlh­euclh­eujv.

Jly­jvjéy­jcr­fp­fnmnjx­y­j:y­t­p­fdbcbvjjnnj-uj,r­fr­åscnh­jvsåelt­vy­fh­fo­bdfnmgh­jgecr­y­eñ­cgjcjåy­jcnmbekex­i­fnmeckeubdct­nbGLORIAD,h­fp­kbx­y­st­y­fex­y­st­uh­eggsåelenåscnh­t­t­gh­jldb-ufnmczr­y­fvt­x­t­y­y­svbvbwt­kzv.Rfélsqvt­czwgjct­nbgt­h­t­lfñ­nczvy­jubt­nt­h­fåfqns(nh­bkkbjy­såfqn)lfy­y­sö,fdy­t­cnjkmjnlfkt­y­y­jvåeleo­t­vt­ét­vt­czx­y­sqgjnjr­lfy­y­sövjét­nljcnbx­my­t­-cr­jkmr­bögt­nfåfqn(r­dflh­bkmjy­jdåfqn).Lkzy­fcänjy­fcnjzo­bqdsp­jd,y­jänjöjh­ji­bqdsp­jd.∆

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Wolter, Detlev. Common Securit­y in Out­er Space and Int­ernat­ional Law. New York: Uni­t­ed Nat­i­ons Publi­cat­i­ons, March 2006.

Uj­ce­lfhcndtyysq ltgfhnfvtyn cIf yt ytctn j­ndtncn­dtyyj­cnb­ pf cj­lthéfyb­t b­ lj­cne­gyj­cnm­ htce­hcj­d lhe­ub­ö­ futyncnd b­ j­hufyb­pfwb­q, e­gj­vzye­nsö­ dsit. dct ccskr­b­ yf htce­hcs Bynthytnf ghb­dj­lzncz gj­ cj­cnj­zyb­ñ­ yf fdue­cn 2006 uj­lf.

Page 43: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

��Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIF Ukj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

Yf­uhf­lf­ pf­ drkf­l d vté­leyf­hjlyjt yf­exyjt c­jnhelybxtc­ndj Award for Int­ernat­i­onal Sci­ent­i­fi­c Cooperat­i­onht­t­p://www.aaas.org/about­aaas/awards/int­/index.sht­ml

Fvt­h­br­fy­cr­fzfccjwbfwbzdgjllt­h­ér­ey­fex­y­jujgh­juh­t­ccft­ét­ujly­jgh­bceélft­ngh­t­vbñ­dh­fp­vt­h­t­5000ljkk.jnlt­km-y­jvekbwebkby­t­åjkmi­jquh­eggt­kbw,r­jnjh­st­dy­t­ckbdslfñ­-o­bqczdr­kfldh­fp­dbnbt­vt­éley­fh­jly­jujcjnh­ely­bx­t­cndfdjåkfcnby­fer­bbkbby­ét­y­t­h­y­jujlt­kf.

Ajyl åbkkf­ b v­tkbyls­ utqnc­ ht­t­p://www.gat­esfoundat­ion.org/GlobalHealt­h

Ajy­lUt­qncgh­t­ljcnfdkzt­nuh­fy­nsfdnjh­bnt­ny­svvt­éley­fh­jl-y­svjh­ufy­bp­fwbzv,p­fy­bvfñ­o­bvczy­t­jnkjéy­svbgh­jåkt­vf-vbp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzdh­fp­dbdfñ­o­böczcnh­fy­fö.

eybdthc­bntn rf­hytub-v­tkkjyf­ – rf­nf­hc­rjt jnltktybt ht­t­p://www.qat­ar.cmu.edu

Ey­bdt­h­cbnt­nRfh­y­t­ub-Vt­kkjy­f–p­y­fvt­y­bnsqfvt­h­br­fy­cr­bqey­bdt­h­cbnt­ncjåi­bh­y­jqy­fex­y­j-bcckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­jqåfp­jq–gh­t­lkfuft­ngh­juh­fvvsx­t­nsh­t­öujlbx­y­jujjåex­t­y­bzåbp­y­t­cebby­ajh­vfnbr­t­dRfnfh­t­.Ey­bdt­h­cbnt­ncnfdbncdjt­qwt­kmñ­h­fp­h­fåjnfnmvt­élbcwbgkby­fh­y­eñ­ex­t­åy­eñ­gh­juh­fvvecex­t­njvr­ekmneh­y­söjcjåt­y­y­jcnt­q,r­jnjh­fzåelt­ndt­leo­t­qgh­juh­fvvjqdh­t­ubjy­t­.

GlobalHealth.govht­t­p://www.globalhealt­h.gov

GlobalHealt­h.– änjby­nt­h­y­t­n-gjh­nfk,cjp­lfy­y­sqÅñ­h­jukj-åfkmy­jujp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzVby­bcnt­h­cndfp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzbcjwbfkmy­söckeéåCIF.Yfy­t­vgh­t­lcnfdkt­y­fby­ajh­vfwbzjlt­znt­kmy­jcnbCIFbvt­éley­fh­jly­jujcjjåo­t­cndfdjåkfcnbukjåfkmy­jujp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bz,fnfr­ét­jdjp­vjéy­jcnzöab-y­fy­cbh­jdfy­bz,nh­eljecnh­jqcndfbgh­jat­ccbjy­fkmy­jqgjlujnjd-r­bdlfy­y­jqjåkfcnb.

v­té­leyf­hjlys­q c­jdtn gj yf­ert ht­t­p://www.icsu.org/index.php

Vt­éley­fh­jly­sqcjdt­ngjy­fer­t­–y­t­gh­fdbnt­kmcndt­y­y­fzjh­uf-y­bp­fwbz,gh­t­lcnfdkzñ­o­fz107y­fwbjy­fkmy­söy­fex­y­söjh­ufy­b-p­fwbqb29vt­éley­fh­jly­söy­fex­y­söcjñ­p­jd.Cjdt­ncgjy­cbh­e-t­nvt­éley­fh­jly­st­bh­t­ubjy­fkmy­st­ct­nbex­t­y­sö,h­fåjnfñ­o­bödcvt­éy­söjåkfcnzö,dsgjky­zt­naey­r­wbblbcr­eccbjy­y­jujaj-h­evfbby­julfgh­t­lcnfdkzt­nukjåfkmy­jt­y­fex­y­jt­cjjåo­t­cndj.

≤v­té­leyf­hjlys­q utkbjabpbxtc­rbq ujl≥ ht­t­p://ihy2007.org

D2007ujleåelt­njnvt­x­fnmcz50-zujljdo­by­fbcckt­ljdfy­bqr­jcvjcf.Dx­t­cnmänjujcjåsnbzgh­juh­fvvf≤Vt­éley­fh­jly­squt­kbjabp­bx­t­cr­bqujl≥cjp­lfkf≤Dt­kbr­eñ­jåct­h­dfnjh­bñ­≥lkzeukeåkt­y­bzgjy­bvfy­bzdp­fbvjcdzp­fy­y­jqcbcnt­vsPt­vkb,Cjky­wfbut­kbjcat­h­s.

v­té­leyf­hjlys­q rjc­vbxtc­rbq eybdthc­bntn ht­t­p://www.isunet­.edu

Vt­éley­fh­jly­sqr­jcvbx­t­cr­bqey­bdt­h­cbnt­ndcdjt­vwt­y­nh­fkm-y­jvr­fvgect­dCnh­fcåeh­ut­(Ah­fy­wbz)bdlh­eubövt­cnfödh­fp­-kbx­y­söeujkr­fövbh­fgh­t­lkfuft­nfcgbh­fy­ncr­eñ­gh­juh­fvvelkzåeleo­bökblt­h­jdukjåfkmy­jujr­jcvbx­t­cr­jujcjjåo­t­cndf.

v­té­leyf­hjlys­q nthvjzlthys­q ärc­gthbvtynf­km­ys­q htf­rnjh (b­nÄh) ht­t­p://www.it­er.org

BNÄH–änjvt­éley­fh­jly­jt­y­fex­y­j-bcckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­jt­gfh­n-y­t­h­cndj,gh­bp­dfy­y­jt­gh­jlt­vjy­cnh­bh­jdfnmgjnt­y­wbfkmy­st­djp­-vjéy­jcnbbcgjkmp­jdfy­bzäy­t­h­ubbnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujcby­nt­p­f.

≤Yf­exyf­z bybwbf­nbdf­ ns­c­zxtktnbz≥ ht­t­p://www.msi­sig.org

≤Yfex­y­fzby­bwbfnbdfnsczx­t­kt­nbz≥–änjgfh­ny­t­h­cndjjh­ufy­b-p­fwbqbuh­félfy­,p­fy­bvfñ­o­böczh­fp­dbnbt­vy­fex­y­j-by­ét­y­t­h­y­j-ujgjnt­y­wbfkfdh­fp­dbdfñ­o­böczcnh­fy­fö.

Yf­cf­ v­té­leyf­hjlyf­z rjc­vbxtc­rf­z c­nf­ywbz – yjdjc­nb j yf­exyjq ärc­gkef­nf­wbb ht­t­p://scipoc.msfc.nasa.gov

Yfcfqnt­Yfex­y­jujr­jvfy­ljdfy­bzYFCFVt­éley­fh­jly­jqr­jcvbx­t­cr­jqcnfy­wbbgh­t­lcnfdkt­y­fcfvfzh­fp­y­jjåh­fp­y­fzby­-ajh­vfwbz,dr­kñ­x­fzy­fer­ejr­jcvjct­,y­jdjcnbjr­jcvbx­t­cr­bövbccbzö,cdt­lt­y­bzjåär­cgt­lbwbzö,åbjuh­fabbfcnh­jy­fdnjd,dblt­jvfnt­h­bfks,dt­å-r­fvt­h­sbccskr­by­fgfh­ny­t­h­cndf.

Science.govht­t­p://www.science.gov

Sci­ence.gov – änjgjh­nfk,ult­vjéy­jgjkex­bnmfdnjh­bnt­ny­eñ­y­fex­y­eñ­by­ajh­vfwbñ­,gh­t­ljcnfdkt­y­y­eñ­fut­y­ncndfvbgh­fdb-nt­kmcndfCIF.

htc­ehc­s­ b­ynthytnf­ htc­ehc­s­ b­ynthytnf­, gjc­dzotyys­t vté­leyf­hjlyjve yf­exyjve c­jnhelybxtc­nde

Page 44: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb

�� Ä-ÉEH­YFK CIFUkj­åfkm­yst ghj­åktvs / jr­nzåhm­ 2006 uj­df

SciTechResources.govht­t­p://www.scit­echresources.gov

Sci­TechResources.gov – änjr­fnfkjuåfp­lfy­y­sögh­fdbnt­kmcndfCIF,r­jnjh­sqgh­t­ljcnfdkzt­nljcnegr­gh­fdbnt­kmcndt­y­y­svh­t­ceh­cfv,gjcdzo­t­y­y­svy­fer­t­,nt­öy­br­t­bby­ét­y­t­h­y­jvelt­ke.

v­té­leyf­hjlys­q jnltk v­bybc­nthc­ndf­ äythutnbrb cIf­ ht­t­ps://ost­iweb.ost­i.gov/iaem

Åfp­flfy­y­söjvt­éley­fh­jly­söcjukfi­t­y­bzöVby­bcnt­h­cndfäy­t­h­ut­nbr­bCIFgh­t­ljcnfdkzt­nljcnegr­vy­jujcnjh­jy­y­bvbldecnjh­jy­y­bvy­fex­y­svcjukfi­t­y­bzvcex­fcnbt­vCIFblh­euböcnh­fy­.Cfqnnfr­ét­gh­t­lkfuft­nljcnegr­åbåkbjnt­r­t­geåkbr­fwbq,h­t­x­fvbdscnegkt­y­bzvy­fckei­fy­bzö,fnfr­ét­by­ajh­vfwbbjvt­éley­fh­jly­söy­fex­y­söby­bwbfnbdfö.

åñ­hj yf­erb v­bybc­nthc­ndf­ äythutnbrb cIf­ ghjuhf­vvf­ yf­exys­ö­ bc­c­ktljdf­ybq nthvjzlthyjq äythubb ht­t­p://www.ofes.fusion.doe.gov/int­ernat­ionalact­ivit­ies.sht­ml

Lfy­y­sqcfqngjcdzo­t­y­vt­éley­fh­jly­jqlt­znt­kmy­jcnbGh­juh­fv-vsy­fex­y­söbcckt­ljdfy­bqnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jqäy­t­h­ubbbcjlt­h­ébnccskr­by­fr­jy­at­h­t­y­wbbbdcnh­t­x­b,ljr­kflsbgh­t­p­t­y­nfwbb.Rh­jvt­njuj,gh­t­lcnfdkt­y­fby­ajh­vfwbzjgfh­ny­t­h­cndt­gjcj-p­lfy­bñ­Vt­éley­fh­jly­jujnt­h­vjzlt­h­y­jujär­cgt­h­bvt­y­nfkmy­jujh­t­fr­njh­fblh­eubögh­juh­fvvfövt­éley­fh­jly­jujcjnh­ely­bx­t­cn-dt­cex­fcnbt­vVby­bcnt­h­cndfäy­t­h­ut­nbr­bCIF.

åñ­hj yf­exyj-ntö­ybxtc­rjq byajhvf­wbb v­bybc­nthc­ndf­ äythutnbrb cIf­ ht­t­ps://www.ost­i.gov

Åñ­h­jy­fex­y­j-nt­öy­bx­t­cr­jqby­ajh­vfwbbVby­bcnt­h­cndfäy­t­h­ut­-nbr­bCIFcnfdbncdjt­qwt­kmñ­cjlt­qcndjdfnmh­fcgh­jcnh­fy­t­-y­bñ­y­fex­y­söp­y­fy­bqbjceo­t­cndkt­y­bñ­y­jdfnjh­cr­böbcckt­-ljdfnt­kmcr­bögh­jt­r­njdy­fy­fwbjy­fkmy­jvbvt­éley­fh­jly­jveh­jdy­zö.

åñ­hj ujc­elf­hc­ndtyyjuj ltgf­hnf­vtynf­ cIf­ gj ltkf­v jrtf­yjd b vté­leyf­hjlys­v ghbhjljjö­hf­yys­v b yf­exys­v djghjc­f­v ht­t­p://www.st­at­e.gov/g/oes

Åñ­h­jUjcelfh­cndt­y­y­jujlt­gfh­nfvt­y­nfCIFgjlt­kfvjr­t­fy­jdbvt­éley­fh­jly­svgh­bh­jljjöh­fy­y­svby­fex­y­svdjgh­jcfvp­fy­bvft­nczi­bh­jr­bvr­h­eujvdjgh­jcjd,dr­kñ­x­fzjr­t­fy­s,bp­-vt­y­t­y­bt­r­kbvfnf,ecnjqx­bdjt­h­fp­dbnbt­,jr­h­eéfñ­o­eñ­ch­t­le,y­fer­e,nt­öy­br­e,r­jcvjcbvt­éley­fh­jly­jt­p­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bt­.Dänjvåñ­h­jnfr­ét­y­föjlbnczJabccjdt­ny­br­fujcelfh­cndt­y­y­j-ujct­r­h­t­nfh­zCIFgjdjgh­jcfvy­fer­bbnt­öy­br­b.

åbjkjubxtc­rbt gf­hnythc­ndf­ utjkjubxtc­rjuj yf­lpjhf­ cIf­ ht­t­p://biology.usgs.gov/part­nership/int­ernat­ional.ht­ml

Jnlt­kåbjkjubx­t­cr­böh­t­ceh­cjdUt­jkjubx­t­cr­jujy­flp­jh­fCIFh­fp­dbdft­nvt­éley­fh­jly­st­gfh­ny­t­h­cndfdnh­t­ör­kñ­x­t­dsöjåkfcnzö:jåvt­y­åbjkjubx­t­cr­bvblfy­y­svb,cnfy­lfh­nbp­fwbzvt­njlbr­bgh­t­lkjét­y­bt­gh­jat­ccbjy­fkmy­jqgjlujnjdr­bbgj-vjo­blkzcjlt­qcndbzy­fex­y­jvejåvt­y­e.

Yf­exyf­z ghjuhf­vvf­ cIf­ gj ukjåf­km­yjve bpvtytybñ­ rkbvf­nf­ ht­t­p://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/about­/int­ernat­ional.ht­m

Gh­bgjllt­h­ér­t­Gh­juh­fvvsCIFgjbcckt­ljdfy­bzvukjåfkm-y­jujbp­vt­y­t­y­bzr­kbvfnffvt­h­br­fy­cr­bt­ex­t­y­st­by­fex­y­j-bc-ckt­ljdfnt­kmcr­bt­ex­h­t­élt­y­bzr­jjh­lby­bh­eñ­nlt­znt­kmy­jcnmcjcdjbvbr­jkkt­ufvbdlh­euböcnh­fy­fö.CIFnfr­ét­zdkzñ­nczcnjh­jy­jqh­zlfldecnjh­jy­y­böbvy­jujcnjh­jy­y­böcjukfi­t­y­bqjcjnh­ely­bx­t­cndt­dbp­ex­t­y­bbbh­t­i­t­y­bbgh­jåkt­vsbp­vt­y­t­y­bzr­kbvfnf.

Yf­wbjyf­km­ys­t byc­nbnens­ plhf­djjö­hf­ytybz cIf­v­té­leyf­hjlys­q wtynh gthc­gtrnbdys­ö­ bc­c­ktljdf­ybq d jåkf­c­nb plhf­djjö­hf­ytybz l­é­jyf­ Ä. Ajuf­hnb ht­t­p://www.fic.nih.gov

Vt­éley­fh­jly­sqwt­y­nh­Ajufh­nbdy­jcbndr­kfldjceo­t­cn-dkt­y­bt­vbccbbYfwbjy­fkmy­söby­cnbnenjdp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzCIFgjch­t­lcndjvvt­éley­fh­jly­sögfh­ny­t­h­cndbh­t­i­ft­nfr­nefkmy­sqgh­jåkt­vsp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzdh­fvr­föcjdvt­cny­sögh­juh­fvvy­fex­y­söbcckt­ljdfy­bqbgh­jat­ccbjy­fkmy­jqgjluj-njdr­b.

≤ef­qhtl b­ynthyäiyk≥ ht­t­p://www.wiredint­ernat­ional.org

≤Efqh­t­lBy­nt­h­y­äi­y­k≥–y­t­gh­fdbnt­kmcndt­y­y­fzjh­ufy­bp­fwbz,cgt­wbfkbp­bh­eñ­o­fzczy­fgh­t­ljcnfdkt­y­bbby­ajh­vfwbbdjåkfc-nbp­lh­fdjjöh­fy­t­y­bzbr­jvvey­br­fwbjy­y­söh­t­ceh­cjdh­fp­db-dfñ­o­bvczbgjcnr­jy­akbr­ny­svh­t­ubjy­fvvbh­f.Dy­fcnjzo­t­t­dh­t­vzjy­fjåckeébdft­ngjx­nb1vky­.x­t­kjdt­r­d11cnh­fy­föy­fx­t­nsh­t­ör­jy­nby­t­y­nfö.

dc­tvbhyf­z ytltkz rjc­vjc­f­ ht­t­p://www.spaceweek.org/index.ht­ml

Gh­jdjp­ukfi­t­y­y­fzUt­y­t­h­fkmy­jqFccfvåkt­t­qJJYd1999ujleDct­vbh­y­fzy­t­lt­kzr­jcvjcfgh­jdjlbncz4-10jr­nzåh­zr­féljujujlfdwt­kzöcjlt­qcndbzh­fp­dbnbñ­vt­éley­fh­jly­jujcjnh­el-y­bx­t­cndfdjcdjt­y­bbr­jcvjcfbgh­jcdt­o­t­y­bzkñ­lt­qjgjkmp­t­r­jcvbx­t­cr­böbcckt­ljdfy­bq.Dcdzp­bcgh­fp­ly­jdfy­bt­vDct­-vbh­y­jqy­t­lt­kbr­jcvjcfd50cnh­fy­fögh­jdjlznczh­fp­kbx­y­st­vt­h­jgh­bznbz.

Uj­ce­lfhcndtyysq ltgfhnfvtyn cIf yt ytctn j­ndtncndty­yj­cnb­ pf cj­lthéfyb­t b­ lj­cne­gyj­cnm­ htce­hcj­d lhe­ub­ö­ futyn­cnd b­ j­hufyb­pfwb­q, e­gj­vzye­nsö­ dsit. dct ccskr­b­ yf htce­hcs Bynthytnf ghb­dj­lzncz gj­ cj­cnj­zyb­ñ­ yf fdue­cn 2006 uj­lf.

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F­c­nhj­yfdn YF­CF­ Lé­j­pta­ Näyyth vfitn he­rj­q d c­nj­hj­ye­ wb­a­hj­dj­q rfvths c­dj­tq rj­kktub­ gj­ ≤rj­c­vb­xtc­rj­q ghj­ue­krt≥, fc­nhj­yfdnf Öfqltvfhb­ Cnta­fyb­ib­y-Gfqgth, dj­ dhtvz hfå­j­ns d j­nrhsnj­v rj­c­vj­c­t yf Vté­le­yfhj­lyj­q rj­c­vb­xtc­rj­q c­nfywb­b­ 14 c­tynzå­hz 2006 uj­lf.

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Page 46: Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs njv 11, yjvth 3 · Ukjåfkmyst ghjåktvs / jrnzåhm 2006 ujdf Ä-ÉEHYFK CIF Yferf b ntöyjkjubz: vjcn vtéle rekmnehfvb b cnhfyfvb LéjhLé Fnrbcjy, cjdtnyb