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tu ixpdrfha u fhÿkq wfhl=f.ka f;dr;=re úuid

n,hs' .uka myiqj" lEuîu" kjd;eka myiqlï" oel

n,d.ekSug we;s iqúfYaIs oE iy lemlrk uqo,g ta

ish,a, iEfyao hkdÈh ms<sn| ie,ls,su;a fjhs' tlS

lreKq iïnkaOfhka oek .ekSug ,efnkafka hym;a

f;dr;=re fkdjkafka kï tu ixpdrh ms<sn| h<s is;d

ne,Sug fm<öu o iajNdúl h' fï ksid iEu rgla u

mdfya ixpdrl l¾udka;h m%j¾Okh lsÍug úúO whqßka

lghq;= lrkq olakg ,efnhs' 2013 jifrys f,dj úfoia

ixpdrfha fhÿkq whf.a ixLHdkj ñ,shk 1087 ls' th

fmr jirg jvd ñ,shk 52 l by< hEuls' 2014 jif¾

fuu ixLHdj ishhg 4 -5 lska muK by< hkq we;ehs

wfmalaIs; h' th ixpdrl wdl¾IKh Èkd.ekSug iu;a

jk rgj, /lshd ckkh flfrys;a wdodhï W;amdokh

flfrys;a iqNodhs f,i n,mdkq we;' fï ksid jeäfõ

hehs wfmalaIs; ixpdrlhska f.ka hï m%udKhla ;u

rg flfrys wdl¾IKh lr.ekSug iEu rglau mdfya

W;aidy orkq we;' fuys,d Y%S ,xldj o ixpdrl m%j¾Ok

jevigyka /ila l%shd;aul lrhs'

2' wmkhk

NdKav yd fiajd wmkkh o rgl m%;srEmh by< keùfuys

,d m%n, ;dkdm;sjre f,i lghq;= lrhs' we;eï rgj,

ksIamdok iïnkaOfhka mdßfNda.sl úYajdih flf;la

ÿrg ia:dms; ù we;af;a o h;a tajd úfoaYSh ksIamdok

f,i fkdoefkk ;rug mdßfNda.slhka tajdg

wdila; ù isà' fldldflda,d" uhsfl%dfid*aÜ" whsîtï

^IBM)" bkafg,a" khsls ^Nike)" äiaks" uelafvdk,aâ"

fmmais" tïàù ^MTV) hkd§ wefußldkq ksIamdok¦

iïiqka" yhsWkavdhs" t,acS ^LG) jeks ol=Kq fldßhdkq

ksIamdok iy fgdfhdagd" fidaks wdÈ cmka ksIamdok

fuhg WodyrK f,i oelaúh yel' hqfrdamShfhl= fyda

wefußldkqfjl=" fkdo;a cmka ksIamdokhla ñ,g

.kakjdg jvd" okakd fldßhdkq ksIamdokhla ñ,g

.ekSug leu;s nj;a we;eï úfgl fuu ksIamdok

fol u tl u Ök l¾udka; Yd,djla ;=< ksIamdokh

lrkq ,nk tajd ùug bv we;s nj;a iSuka wekafyda,aÜ

mjihs' fuh Tjqkag muKla iSud jQ ;;a;ajhla fkdfõ'

.=Kd;aul nj ms<sn| mdßfNda.sl úYajdih È.= l,la

;siafia ;yjqre ù mej;Su fya;=fjka tajd ksIamdokh

lrk rgj, fjk;a ksIamdokhla fjf<|fmd<g

meñ‚h o tajd b;du;a u myiqfjka fjf<|fmd<

.%yKh lr .ekSug iu;a fjhs' thska ksIamdokh ms<sn|

mj;sk úYajdihg jvd th ksIamdokh lrk rfgys

m%;srEmh ms<sn| ;sfnk úYajdih ;yjqre flfrhs' ta

Tiafia úYd, jYfhka úfoaY úksuh bmhSug tjeks

NdKav yd fiajd ksIamdokh yd wmkhkh lrk rgj,a

iu;aù we;' wfkla w;g ksIamdokhla iïnkaOfhka

mdßfNda.sl úYajdih ì¢ .sh ;ek thg we;s b,a¨ u ì|

jeàfuka tlS ksIamdokhg fjf<|fmdf<ka bj;aùug"

m%;slafIamùug isÿùu o fkdje<elaúh yelsh' th

ksIamdÈ; rfgys m%;srEmh le<e,a ùug" m¿ÿùug fya;=

fjhs'

3' rdcH md,kh

rgl rdcH m%;sm;a;sh iy úfoaY m%;sm;a;sh o cd;sl

m%;srEmh flfrys n,mdhs' fï lreKq iïnkaOfhka

cd;Hka;r udOH Tiafia f.k hk m%pdr b;du;a u

jeo.;a fõ' ukao" idjoH m%pdr f,dal m%cdj w;rg

hEfuka th b;du;a u wys;lr f,i cd;sl m%;srEmhg

n,mE yels neúks' ta úúOdldrfha f;dr;=re /ila úúO

udOH Tiafia m%pdrh jk úg jerÈ f;d;=re fudkjd

7 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

o ksjerÈ f;dr;=re fudkjd o hkak f;dardfírd

.ekSu .eg¨ jla jk neúks' rgl md,kh fldhs ;rï

ÿrg Yla;su;a o tys m%cd;ka;%jdoh iy idOdrK;ajh

l%shd;aul jk wdldrh" oßø;dj yd mßir úkdYh jeks

f,dal jHdma; m%Yak iïnkaOj l%shd;aul jk wdldrh

hkd§ lreKq udOH úiska f,dj mqrd jHdma;lr yßkq

,nhs' rfgys foaYmd,k iy wd¾Ól ia:djr;ajh"

YlH;dj úfoia rgj, we.hSug" úYajdihg md;%ùu

;=<ska iDcq úfoaY wdfhdack iy ixpdrlhka

wdl¾IKhlr .ekSug yelsfõ' rgl wOHdmkh"

fi!LH wdÈ lafIa;% iïnkaOfhka mj;akd ;;a;ajh"

udkj iqnidOkfhys uÜgu wdÈh rdcH md,kh ms<sn|

f;dr;=re f,djg f.k hhs'

4' wdfhdack iy ixl%uK

foia úfoia wdfhdack o ixl%uK o rgl m%;srEmh

úoyd olajkak ls' ixl%uK hehs lSj o fuhska woyia

flfrkafka úfoaYslhkaf.a wd.uk hs' wdfhdackh

i|yd ukd wmßjHQyhla mej;Su" wdfhdackj,ska ,nd.;

yels m%;s,dN úfoia wdfhdack wdl¾IKhlr .ekSug

fnfyúka bjy,a fjhs' tfuka u Ôj;aùug" jevlsÍug

fyda wOHdmkh i|yd meñ‚ug we;s leue;a; rgl

iudc yd wd¾Ól ;;a;ajh f,djg úoyd fmkaj hs'

5' ixialD;sh iy Wreuh

Ñ;%mg" ix.S;h" Ñ;%" idys;Hh wd§ ixialD;sl lghq;=

iy l%Svd l=i,;dj o rgl m%;srEmh flfrys fnfyúka

n,mdhs' tla tla rgj,g úfYaI jQ ixialD;shla mj;S'

fuu ixialD;sl lghq;= o rg ms<sn|j" cd;sh ms<sn|j

f,djg m‚jqvhla f.k hhs' tfuka u we;eï l%Svd

lafIa;% iïnkaOj úúO rgj,a Wreulrf.k we;s

lS¾;skduh o we;eï rgj,g wdfõKssl ck l,d o ta

ta rgj,g iïm;la ù we;' wm rg iïnkaOfhka .;a

úg 1996 jif¾ f,dal l%slÜ l=i,dkh Èkd.ekSu iy

miq.sh jif¾ úiaihs úiai l%slÜ l=i,dkh Èkd.ekSu

wm rgg buy;a lS¾;shla w;alr § we;' th rfgys

lS¾;skduh by< kexùug" m%;srEmh by< keùug

fnfyúka fya;=ù we;'

6' ck;dj

cd;shl m%;srEmh fnfyúka ksrEmkh lrk levm;

ta rfgys ck;dj hs' Tjqkaf.a wOHdmkh" ñ;%YS,s;ajh"

wd.ka;=l i;aldrh hkdÈh ;=<ska úfoaYslhka tu rg

ms<sn| m%;srEmhla f.dvk.d .kS' úfYaIfhka u f,dal

m%isoaêhg m;a mqoa.,hka f.a p¾hdjka rgl m%;srEmh

flfrys fnfyúka n,mdhs' ;u rg ksfhdackh lrñka

fyda fm!oa.,slj fyda úfoia .;jk wjia:dj,

Tjqkaf.a yeisÍï rgdj ks;e;ska u fndfyda fofkl=f.a

ksÍlaIKhg ,la fõ' ta wkqj tlS mqoa.,hdf.a rg fyda

cd;sh fyda .ek ks.ukj,g t<eöu fkdje<ela úh

yelalls'

iEu jirlu wekafyda,aÜ Ôt*afla cd;sl m%;srEm o¾Ylh

iE§fï§ wjqreÿ 18 iy Bg by< 20000l muK msßil

f.ka fuu tlsfkl wxY hgf;a m%Yak wikq ,nhs' ta

Tiafia tla tla wxY i|yd Wm o¾Yl idokq ,nk w;r

wjik tajd mokïlr .ksñka iuia; o¾Ylh idohs' fï

rg BSI fY%a‚h m%;srEm fY%a‚h BSI w.h

2013 2012

iaúÜi¾,ka;h 1 2 AA+ 76

isx.mamQrej 2 1 AA+ 75

tlai;a ckmoh 3 3 AA 74

c¾uksh 4 4 AA 74

tlai;a rcOdksh 5 9 AA 73

iaùvkh 6 5 AA 71

fko¾,ka;h 7 6 AA 71

uef,aishdj 8 20 AA 71

lekvdj 9 7 AA 70

TiafÜ%,shdj 10 8 AA 70

01 jeks j.=j

2013 jifrys m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylh by<u rgj,a 10

uQ,dY%h( Brandfinance Nation Brands - The Annual Report on Nation Brands $ December 2013

8 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

o¾Ylh iE§u uÕska hï rgl iuia; cd;sl m%;srEmh

Okd;aul o iDKd;aul o hkak ms<sn|j cd;Hka;r

u;h úuid nef,a'

2013 jifrys rgj,a 50l lS¾;skduh fuu o¾Ylh uÕska

.Kkh lr we;' thg W;=re wefußldkq rgj,a 02"

ngysr hqfrdamSh rgj,a 15" uOHu$ kef.kysr hqfrdamSh

rgj,a 06" wdishd meismsla rgj,a 11" ,;ska wefußldkq

rgj,a 07" ueo fmrÈ. iy wm%sldkq rgj,a 09 la wh;a

úh' ^tu rgj,a 50 w;rg Y%S ,xldj wh;aj ke;'&

n%Ekaâ *skEkaia mSt,aiS ^Brand Finance plc& wdh;kh

rgl m%;srEmfha Yla;su;a nj uekSu iy jákdlu

uekSu i|yd o¾Yl f.dvk.d we;' m%;srEmfhys Ylau;a

nj ukskq ,nk o¾Ylh m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylh Brand Strength Index -BSI& f,iska y÷kajhs' ta wkqj tla tla

rgj,g AAA- DDD w;r fY%a ‚ fokq ,nhs' AAA fY%a‚h hg;g .efkkafka b;du;a u Yla;su;a cd;Ska

h' DDD fY%a ‚h hg;g .efkkafka b;du;a u ÿ¾j,

wid¾:l cd;Ska h' fuu fY%a‚.; lsÍu tla;rd ÿrlg

m%;srEm fY%a ‚hrg

m%;srEm jákdlu

^t'c'fvd'ì,shk&

m%;srEm

fY%a ‚h

m%;srEm jákdlu

2012

^t'c'fvd'ì,shk&2013 2012

1 1 tlai;a ckmoh 17"990 AA 14"641

2 2 Ökh 6"109 AA- 4"847

3 3 c¾uksh 4"002 AA 3"903

4 5 tlai;a rdcOdksh 2"354 AA 2"189

5 4 cmdkh 2"263 AA- 2"552

6 6 m%xYh 1"938 AA- 1"963

7 7 lekvdj 1"863 AA 1"611

8 8 n%iS,h 1"478 AA+ 1"376

9 9 bkaÈhdj 1"366 AA+ 1"247

10 12 TiafÜ%,shdj 1"257 AA 952

14 14 iaúÜi¾,ka;h 965 AA+ 885

30 32 uef,aishdj 304 AA- 205

54 47 Bðma;=j 70 BBB 112

65 73 Y%S ,xldj 45 AA+ 31

87 82 ihsm%ih 14 AA 23

02 jeks j.=j

f;dard.;a rgj,a lsysmhl cd;sl m%;srEm - 2013

uQ,dY%h( Brandfinance Nation Brands - The Annual Report on Nation Brands $ December 2013

Kh fY%a‚.; lsÍug iudk h' 2013 jifrys rgj,a

ishhl m%;srEm n%Ekaâ *skEkaia wdh;kh úiska .Kkh

lr m%ldYhg m;alr we;' fuu .Kkh lsÍïj,g Y%S

,xldj o we;=<;a h'

m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylh f.dvke.Sfï § wdfhdack"

ixpdrl" ksIamdok iy l=i,;d hk wxY y;r mokï

lr f.k we;' fuu o¾Ylfha fm<.eiau wkqj f,dj

Yla;su;au m%;srEmh ysñj we;af;a iaúÜi¾,ka;hg hs'

^01 jeks j.=j&

2012 jif¾ m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylh w;ska uq,a ;ek

.;a isx.mamQrej 2013 fojeks ;ekg m;alrñka

iaúÜi¾,ka;h uq,a ;ekg meñK ;sfí' rgj,a fol

u b;du;a u fyd| uÜgul mej;sh;a iaúÜi¾,ka;fha

m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylfha ixpdrl ldKavh 66 isg

73 olajd by<g meñŒu Tjqkaf.a m%;srEm m%n,;d

o¾Ylh by< hEug fya;=ù we;' tfuka u f,dj

m%;srEm jákdlu w;ska iaúÜi¾,ka;h 14 jeks ia:dkh

ysñlrf.k isà' ^02 jeks j.=j&

9 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

miq.sh jifrys jákdu m%;srEm ysñ rgj,a 10 ys m%;srEm

jákdlfuys by< hEu ishhg 13 ls' fï jákdlfuys

by< hEug fnfyúka n,md we;af;a m%;srEm jákdlu

w;ska fmruqK .;a tlai;a ckmofha iy Ökfha

m%;srEmfha jákdlu by< hEuhs' tu rgj,a fol 2012

jirg idfmalaIj ms<sfj<ska ishhg 23 lska iy 26 lska

ish m%;srEm jákdlu by< kxjdf.k we;' 2012 jif¾ A+ jQ ;u fY%A‚h AA- olajd j¾Okh lr .ekSug

Ökh iu;aù isà' tlai;a ckmofhys m%;srEm jákdlu

Ökh" c¾uksh" tlai;a rdcOdksh" cmdkh iy m%xYfha

iuia; m%;srEm jákdlu blaujd isà'

tlai;a rdcOdksh cmdkh mrhñka m%;srEm jákdlñka

4 jeks ia:dkhg m;aj isà' cmdkfha m%;srEm jákdlfï

my< hEu ishhg 11 ls' iqkdñ jHikh" *ql=Isud

kHIaál n,d.drh wdÈ ì|jeàïj,ska yd wê ;dlaI‚l

WmlrK wmkhkh iïnkaOfhka ol=Kq fldßhdfjka

t,a, jk ;rÕh óg fya;= ù we;' wfkla w;g tlai;a

rdcOdksfha m%;srEm jákdlfï j¾Okh ishhg 8 ls'

T,sïmsla Wf<, iy t,sin;a /ðKf.a Èhuka;s cqì,sh

fï ;;a;ajh <Õdlr .ekSug fya;= ù we;'

2013 wxY wkqj ld¾h idOkh

n%%Ekaâ *skEkaia wdh;kh cd;sl m%%;srEmh .Kkh

lsÍfï§ ixpdrl" NdKav yd fiajd" wdfhdack" ck;dj

yd l=i,;d hk wxY 4ys ld¾h idOkh ms<sn|j

úuid n,hs' wxY wkqj ld¾h idOkh ms<sn| úuid

ne,Sfï§ ;dhs,ka;h ixpdrl wxYfhys,d by< u

ld¾hidOkhla iys; rg njg m;aj ;sfí' ^03 jeks

j.=j& kuq;a fuys,d Y%S ,xldj o úYd, ch.%yKhla

,nd ;sfí' ixpdrl wxYfhys m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylh

by< hEu wkqj m%uqLia:dkh f.k we;af;a Y%S ,xldj

hs' wd.ka;=l i;aldrhg ,eÈ ck;dj" ysret<sh" msßisÿ

uqyqÿ fjr< iy ft;sydisl Wreuh fï forfÜ u

ixpdrl wdl¾Ykh i|yd fnfyúka fya;= ù we;'

flfia fj;;a" Y%S ,xldfõ ;%ia;jd§ hqoaOfha ksudfjka

miq we;sjQ wdrlaIs; ;;a;ajh Y%S ,xldfõ ixpdrl

wxYfha m%.ukhg fnfyúka fya;=ù ;sfí' ^Y%S ,xldfõ

ixpdrl wxYfha m%.;sh ms<sn| fo jeks ,smsfhka úuid

ne,Sug wfmalaIs; h'&

uQ,dY%h( Brandfinance Nation Brands - The Annual Report on Nation Brands $ December 2013

03 jeks j.=j

ixpdrl wxYh

by< ld¾hidOkh wkqj fm< .eiau BSI w.h .dul fõ.h wkqj fm< .eiau BSI by< hEu

;dhs,ka;h 79 Y%S ,xldj 18

uef,aishdj 76 ldïfndach 15

Tiaá%hdj 75 ;dhs,ka;h 13

kjiS,ka;h 75 mD;=.d,h 13

iaúÜi¾,ka;h 73 ;=¾lsh 12

isx.mamQrej 72 cefuhsldj 12

tiaf;dakshdj 71 tiaf;dakshdj 12

mD;=.d,h 71 fldiagßldj 12

tlai;a wrdì tó¾ rdcHh 71 ,laiïn¾.a 11

TiafÜ%%,shdj 71 ,s;=fõkshdj 11

cd;sl m%;srEm jákdlu wkqj b;du;a u fõ.fhka

fjkia jQ rg uef,aishdj hs' tu id¾:l;ajhg ;rula

ÿrg fya;= jqfKa m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylfha by< hEu

hs' 2012 jif¾ m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylh wkqj 20 jeks

ia:dkfha miqjQ uef,aishdj 2013 jif¾ 8 jeks ia:dkh

,nd .ksñka by<u m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Yl 10 w;rg

m%fõYùug iu;a ù isà'

NdKav yd fiajd wxYh .;aúg m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylh

by< hEfuys m%uqLhd jQfha c¾uksh hs' o¾Yl w.h

77 la .kssñka tlai;a ckmoh iy c¾uksh NdKav yd

fiajd wxYfhys ld¾h idOkh by< u rgj,a njg

m;aj we;' fuu wxYfhys ,d m%%;srEm m%%n,;d o¾Ylfha

by< hEfï fõ.h wkqj fm< .eiafï§ ol=Kq wdishdkq

rgj,a jk mlsia:dkh uq,a rgj,a 5 w;rg;a fkamd,h

6 jeks ia:dkh .ksñka uq,a rgj,a 10 w;rg;a msúiSug

iu;aj isà'

10 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

wdfhdack wxYfhys,d ms,smSkh iy tlai;a wrdì tó¾

rdcHh m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylh by< hEfuys m%uqLhka

úh' o¾Yl w.h 77 la jQ isx.mamQrej f,dalfha m%Odk;u

wdfhdack ys;jd§ rg úh' tlai;a wrdì tó¾ rdcHh

Expo 2020 i|yd vqndhs k.rh i;aldrl k.rh lsÍfï

wruq‚ka isà' fuh Tjqkaf.a cd;sl m%;srEmfha jákdlu

by< oeóug fnfyúka bjy,a fjkq we;' ta wdfhdack

wjia:d cks; lsÍu ;=<ska iy l=i,;d mQ¾K Y%ñlhka

weo.ekSu uÕska h' m%%;srEm m%%n,;d o¾Ylfhys by<

hEfï fõ.h wkqj fm< .eiaùfï § uq,a rgj,a 10

w;rg m%%fõY ùug fkamd,h iu;aj isà'

ck;dj iy l=i,;d hk wxYh .;a úg 2013 jifrys

m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylh by< hEfuys m%uqLhd jQfha

tlai;a wrdì tó¾ rdcH hs' o¾Yl w.h 81 la jQ

iaúÜi¾,ka;h ld¾hidOkh wkqj fm<.eiafï by<u

ia:dkh ysñlr .;af;a h' fuu o¾Ylfhys ,d m%%;srEm

m%%n,;d o¾Ylfha by< hEfï fõ.h wkqj fm<

.eiaùfï§ ol=Kq wdishdkq l,dmhg wh;a mlsia;dkh

yd nx.,dfoaYh uq,a mia fokd w;rg;a fkamd,h uq,a

oi fokd w;rg;a msúi we;'

wdfhdack" NdKav yd fiajd" ck;dj yd l=i,;d

iy ixpdrl hk ldKav y;r u tlaj .;a úg 2013

jifrys m%;srEm jákdlu by< hEfuys u m%uqLhd jQfha

uef,aishdj hs' tys m%;srEm jákdlfuys by< hEu

ishhg 48 ls' 2012 jir i|yd m%;srEm jákdlu wkqj

fY%aKs.; lsÍfï oS 32 jeks ia:dkfha isá uef,aishdj

2013 § 30 jeks ia:dkhg m%fõY úh' Bg m%Odk jYfhka

fya;= ù we;af;a bia,dï nexl= l%u cd,h iy mdï f;,a

jeks NdKav i|yd f,dal ck.ykfhka we;s jQ b,a¨ u

nj n%Ekaâ *skEkaia ixúOdkh mji hs' 2020 jk úg

ixj¾ê; cd;Ska w;rg tla ùu uef,aishdfõ b,lalh

hs' 2018 jk úg tal mqoa., o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;h

t'c'fvd,¾ 15000 la lr .ekSfï b,lalhla mej;sh

o fïjk úg;a tlS b,lalh ch.ekSug uef,aishdj

iu;aù isà' The World Factbook o;a; wkqj 2011" 2012

iy 2013 jirj, uef,aishdfõ tal mqoa., o< foaYSh

ksIamdÈ;h ms<sfj<ska t'c' fvd,¾ 16400" 17000 iy

17500 la ù we;'

m%;srEm jákdlu by< ke.afï fojekshdj isákafka

Y%S ,xldj hs' tys m%;srEm jákdlfuys by< ke.Su

ishhg 46 ls' ta wkqj 2012 jif¾ 73 jeks ia:dkfha

isg 2013 jif¾ 65 jeks ia:dkh olajd ia:dk 8

lska YS%% ,xldj by<g ke. we;' 2012 iy 2013

jir fofla u Y%S ,xldfõ ;;a;ajh A+ ù we;'

ol=Kq wdishdkq rgj,a w;ßka bkaÈhdj A+ ;;a;ajh

,ndf.k isák w;r mlsia:dkh iy nx.,dfoaYh A - o fkamd,h BBB ;;a;ajfha o miqfjhs'

2013 jif¾ fõ.j;a u whqßka m%;srEmh ì|jeà

we;af;a ihsm%ifha yd Bðma;=fõ h' ihsm%ifha m%;srEmh

ì|jeàug m%Odk fya;=j jQfha uQ,H w¾nqoh hs' ler<s

ksid u;= jQ wia:djr;ajh iy ixpdrl l¾udka;fha

ì|jeàu Bðma;=fõ m%;srEmh ì|jeàug fya;= úh'

m%;srEm .Kkh i|yd n%Ekaâ *skEkaia ixúOdkh

rcfha ixLHdk" mqfrdal:k iy úYaf,aIlhskaf.a

m%lafIamK Wmfhda.S fldg .kS' rgl m%;srEmfha

jákdlu ,efnkafka m%;srEm m%n,;d o¾Ylh iy

o'foa'ks' fha o;a;j, ixl,kfhks' BSI fjku u .;a

úg thska cd;sl m%;srEmh j¾Okh i|yd rch .kakd

l%shdud¾. iy u. fmkaùï ms<sn| hï woyila ,nd.;

yels h' tfuka u úYd, rgj, o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;h

iïnkaOfhka we;sjk jdisodhl ;;a;ajh bka bj;a

l< yels hs'

idrdxYh

´kEu cd;shlg m%;srEmhla ;sfí' th hym;a" Ylau;a

tlla fyda whym;a" ÿ¾j, tlla úh yel' idOdrK

fya;= iys;j fuka u idOdrK fya;=jla fkdue;sj o

we;eï úfgl cd;shl m%;srEmh whym;a tlla f,i

f,dal m%cdj oelsh yel' th lskï wdldrfhka f,dal

m%cdj w;r ia:dms; ù ;sfnkafka o hkak u; rglg

,eìh yels m%;s,dN ksYaph flf¾' fï ksid ;u

m%;srEmh by< kexùug tla tla rgj,a fkdfhl=;a

jevigyka l%shd;aul lrhs' tfuka u m%;srEmh .Kkh

i|yd o¾Yl o f.dv kxjd we;' tajd mokï lr .ksñka

rgj,a fY%a‚.; lrkq ,nhs' ta fY%a‚.; lsÍïj,ska

f,dal wd¾Ólh ;=< tla tla rgg we;s ms<s.ekSu

ms<sn| meyeÈ,s fõ'

wdY%ss; .%ka:

1. Beyond the Nation Brand: The Role of Image and Identity in International Relations. Simon Anholt. U.K. Foreign Office Public Diplomacy Board.

2. Brandfinance Nation Brands - The Annual Report on Nation Brands / December 2013

3. Nation branding - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

4. The World Factbook

5. UNWTO World Tourism Barometer Volume 12 - January 2014

11 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

ckf,aLk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska 1990

isg fiajd kshqla;s m%udKh yd tys Wmk;Ska we.hSfï

wruq‚ka ld¾;=uh Y%u n,ld iólaIKh ^Quarterly Labour Force Survey& iEu jirl u ld¾;=uh jYfhka

mj;ajkq ,efí' fuys § úu¾Ykh flfrk ld,

mßÉfþoh i;shla jk w;r" idudkHfhka l=gqïn

6"250 lska muK iukaú; ksheÈhla mßlaIdjg Ndckh

flf¾' fuu l=gqïnhkays isák jhi wjqreÿ 15 iy Bg

jvd jeä mqoa.,hka ld¾;=uh Y%u n,ld iólaIKfha §

l=gqïn ck.ykh f,i wka;¾cd;sl m%ñ;Skag wkql+,

j i,lk w;r 2013 jirg fmr l=gqïn ck.ykh f,i

i,lk ,oafoa jhi wjqreÿ 10 yd Bg jeä mqoa.,hka h'

l=gqïn ck.ykh yd Y%u n,ldh

l=gqïn ck.ykh m%Odk jYfhka fldgia follska

iukaú; fõ' tkï wd¾Óluh jYfhka il%Sh

yd wd¾Óluh jYfhka il%Sh fkdjk hkqfjks'

/lshdjla lsÍug yelshdj we;s /lshdjla lsÍug leu;s

tkï oekgu;a /lshdjla lrñka isák mqoa.,hka iy

/lshdjla wfmalaIdfjka isák mqoa.,hka wm

y÷kajkafka wd¾Óluh jYfhka il%Sh mqoa.,hka

f,ihs' Y%u n,ldh f,iska y÷kajkq ,nkafka o fuu

wd¾Óluh jYfhka il%Sh fldgi hs' /lshdjla lsÍfï

wfmalaIdjla fkdue;s fyda /lshdjla lsÍug YdÍßl

jYfhka YlH;djla fkdue;s mqoa.,hka wd¾Óluh

jYfhka il%Sh fkdjk ldKavh hg;g .efka' ta wkqj"

mQ¾Kld,Skj wOHdmk lghq;=j, ksr;j isák isiqka"

.Dykshka" wdndê; mqoa.,hka /lshdjl ksr; fkdjk&

yd úY%dñl mqoa.,hka wd¾Óluh jYfhka il%Sh fkdjk

wh f,i i,lkq ,efí'

fiajd kshqla;sh iy fiajd úhqla;sh

Y%u n,ldh fiajd kshqla; iy fiajd úhqla;

mqoa.,hkaf.ka iukaú; fõ' fiajd kshqla;slhka hkq

úu¾Ykh lrk ld,h ;=< § wd¾Óluh jYfhka

iM,odhs lghq;a;l ksr;j isák tkï rdcH wxYfha

fyda fm!oa.,sl wxYfha jegqma ,nk fiajlhka" fiajd

fhdaclhka" iajhx /lshdj, kshq;= mqoa.,hka iy jegqma

fkd,nk mjqf,a jHdmdßl lghq;=j, ksr;jkakka h'

úúO jhia uÜgïj, úúO wOHdmk iqÿiqlï iys; ia;%S

fiajd wxYh

kj /lshd

ìys lsÍfï

mqfrda.dñhd f,iska

;j;a bÈßhg wud,s m%%shYdka;s"

fcHIaG iyldr wOHlaIsld"

ixLHdk fomd¾;fïka;=j'

12 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

mqreI fomlaIh u fufia fiajd kshqla;j isà' fiajd

úhqla;slhka hkq iólaIKh isÿ lrkq ,nk ld,fha

§ /lshdjla wfmalaIdfjka isák mqoa.,hska h' lsishï

mqoa.,fhla ;uka ksr; j isák jD;a;sfha iajNdjh

fya;=fjka ^Wod( f.dúhka" ëjrhka& fuu iólaIKh

isÿ lrkq ,nk ld,fha § /lshdjl fh§ fkdisáh;a

Tjqka o fiajd kshqla;sfha u fldgila f,i i,lkq

,efí'

2012 yd 2013 jif¾ Y%u ixLHd;Ska

2013 jif¾ wm rfÜ l=gqïN ck.ykh ñ,shk 16'360 ls'

bka ishhg 53'8la wd¾Ól jYfhka il%Sh jk w;r fuh

Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj wkqmd;h f,i y÷kajkq ,efí'

2012 § Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj wkqmd;h igyka jQfha

ishhg 52'6 la f,ihs' ta wkqj Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj

wkqmd;fha iq¿ jeä ùula fuu jir fol ;=< §

olakg yelsh' l=gqïN ck.ykh jeä ùug idfmalaIj

Y%u n,ldh jeä jYfhka jeä ùu fuhg fya;=j jQ

w;r tfia jkafka wd¾Ól jYfhka wl%Shj isá mqoa.,

ldKavfha fldgila o il%Sh mqoa.,hska f,i wd¾Ól

lghq;=j,g odhl ùu ksidh' th wd¾Ólh flfrys

hym;a n,mEula we;s lrhs'

uQ,dY%h( ckf,ALk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomdr®;fïka;=j

l=gqïn ck.ykh jhi wjqre≥ 15 iy Bg jvd jeä

wdr®:sluh jYfhka ilS%%h ^Y%%u n,ldh&

fiajd kshqla; fiajd úhqla;

mQQr®K ld,Skj wOHdmkh ,nk isiqka

.DyKshka

úY%%dñl mqoa.,hska

wdndê; mqoa.,hskarcfha /lshdj, kshq;= jQQjka

fm!oa.,sl wxYfha /lshdj, kshq;= jQQjka

fiajd fhdaclhska

iajhx /lshdj, kshq;= jQQjka

jegqma fkd,nk mjqf,a /lshdj, kshq;= jQQjka

wdr®:sluh jYfhka ilS%%h fkdjk

1 rEm igyk

13 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

2 rEm igyk

2012 jif¾ iuia; fiajd kshqla;sh ñ,shk 8'118 la jQ

w;r 2013 jif¾ § th 8'418 la olajd ishhg 3'7 lska

j¾Okh úh' tu m%udKh Y%u n,ldfhka ishhg 95'6

ls' fuh fiajd kshqla; wkqmd;h f,iska o y÷kajkq

,efí' 2012 jirg idfmalaIj rdcH wxYfha fiajlhka"

fm!oa.,sl wxYfha fiajlhka" fiajd fhdaclhka" iajhx

/lshdj, kshq;= mqoa.,hka iy jegqma fkd,nk mjqf,a

jHdmdßl lghq;=j, ksr;jkakka hk ish¨u wxYj,

fiajd kshqla; ù isák mqoa.,ka ixLHdfõ jeä ùula

olakg ,efí' jeä jQ fiajd kshqla;sh w;=ßka ishhg

39'0la u iajhx /lshdj, ksr;jkakka h' tu

jeä jQ fiajd kshqla; mqoa.,hska o iu. 2013

jif¾ §" uq¿ fiajd kshqla;sfhka ishhg 32'2

la iajhx /lshdj, ksr;jkakka fõ ^2 rEm

igyk&' fojkqj jeä ù we;af;a iuia; fiajd

kshqla;sfhka nyq;rh jk ishhg 40'6 la u

ksfhdackh lrk fm!oa.,sl wxYfha fiajd

kshqla;slhka h' iuia; fiajd kshqla;sfhka

ishhg 15'1 la rdcH wxYfha /lshdj, o

ishhg 9'1 la jegqma fkd,nk mjqf,a jHdmdr

lghq;=j, o b;sß ishhg 3 fiajd fhdaclhska

f,i o lghq;= lrhs'

wd¾Ól lghq;= wkqj fiajd kshqla;sh

/lshdj, ksr;j isák mqoa.,hkaf.a /lshdfjys

iajNdjh wkqj j¾. lrkjdla fukau /lshdj

wh;ajk wd¾Ól lghq;a; wkqj o fiajd kshqla;sh

j¾.SlrKh flf¾' ta wkqj" ´kEu wd¾Ólhl mj;sk

wdldrhg wm rfÜ o lDIsl¾udka;" l¾udka; yd fiajd

hkqfjka m%Odk wd¾Ól lghq;= 3ls' fuu m%Odk wd¾Ól

lghq;=j,g wh;a úúO jQ /lshdj, úúO mqoa.,hka

ksr;j isà' tfuka u fuu /lshd kd.ßl yd .%dóh

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fm!oa.,sl wxYfha fiajlhka

fiajd fhdaclhka

uQ,dY%h( ckf,ALk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomdr®;fïka;=j

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14 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

3 fjks rEm igyfkka oelafjkafka 2012 yd 2013 jirj,

wm rfÜ fiajd kshqla;sh m%Odk wd¾Ól lghq;= w;r

fn§ we;s wdldrhhs' ta wkqj" 2013 jif¾ § rfÜ fiajd

kshqla;sfhka jeäu m%udKhla fiajd wxYfh;a ^ishhg

44'1& fojkqj lDIsl¾udka; wxYfh;a ^ishhg 29'7&

b;sßh l¾udka; wxYfh;a ishhg 26'2& fh§ isáhs' 2013

jif¾ § mqoa.,hka 299"312 lska iuia; fiajd kshqla;sh

jeä úh' ñka ishhg 93'3la u ke;fyd;a mqoa.,hka

279"400lau jd¾;d jQfha fiajd wxYfhks' fiajd wxYfha

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rn¾ j.dj jeks lDIsl¾udka; wxYfha /lshdj, fh§

isá mqoa.,hka o fiajd wxYh fj; ú;eka ùu fuhg

fya;=jhs' l¾udka; wxYh ;=< o mqoa.,hka 66"676la jeä

úh' tfia jqj;a by; fya;+kaf.a o m%;sM,hla f,i 2012

jirg idfmalaIj 2013 jif¾ § lDIsl¾udka; wxYfha

fiajd kshqla;sh mqoa.,hka 46"763l wvq ùula jd¾;d lr

we;'

4 rEm igyk

m%Odk wd¾Ól lghq;= rfÜ o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;hg

^o'foa'ks'& yd fiajd kshqla;shg olajk odhl;ajh 4 rEm

igykska oela fõ' cd;sl ksIamdÈ;h ;=< fukau fiajd

kshqla;sh ;=< o m%uqL;ajh .kafka fiajd wxYhhs' o<

foaYSh ksIamdÈ;hg ishhg 58'1l odhl;ajhla imhk

,oafoa ishhg 44'1la jQ fiajd kshqla; msßila úisks'

fuhg yd;amiska u fjkia ;;a;ajhla lDIsl¾udka;

wxYfhka jd¾;d fjhs' rfÜ uq¿ fiajd kshqla;sfhka

ishhg 30lg wdikak m%udKhla odhljkafka o<

foaYSh ksIamdÈ;fhka ishhg 10'8la ksmoùug hs' ta

wkqj" o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;h yd fiajd kshqla;sh w;r

mr;rh jeäu fuu wxYfhah' fuhg fya;=j jkqfha

lDIsl¾udka;h Y%u iQlaIau l¾udka;hla jk neúka tys

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;j o wm rfÜ foaYSh ksIamdÈ;fha jd¾Isl fjkiaùu

yd fiajd kshqla;sfha fjkiaùu ms<sn| j i,ld n,k

úg o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;h j¾Okh jQ m%udKfhka

/lshd wjia:d ìys ù fkdue;' 2013 j¾Ifha § o'foa'ks'

ishhg 7'3lska j¾Okh ù we;s kuq;a fiajd kshqla;sh

jeä ù we;af;a ishhg 3'7lsks' ñka meyeÈ,s jkafka

rfÜ Y%uiqlaIau l¾udka;j,g jvd m%d.aOk iQlaIau

l¾udka; ìys ù we;s njhs' flfia fj;;a M,odhs;dj

by< kexùu i|yd úúO l%shdud¾. .kakd w;f¾ u

fiajl ú;eka ùu fya;=fjka wvq fiajlhka m%udKhlska

mj;akd ksIamdokh u fyda by< ksIamdÈ;hla ,nd

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fõ'

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j¾.SlrKh i|yd 2013 jirg

fmr wm úiska Ndú;d lrk ,oafoa

cd;Hka;r m%ñ; l¾udka; j¾.SlrK

i|yd jk 3 jk ixfYdaOkhhs' kuq;a

2013 isg cd;Hka;r m%ñ; l¾udka;

j¾.SlrKfha 4 jk ixfYdaOkhg

wkql+,j wm rg o fiajd kshqla;sh j¾.

lrhs' ta wkqj m%Odk wd¾Ól lghq;=

hgf;a jk Wm m%Odk wd¾Ól lghq;=

17ls'

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fiajd kshqla;shg we;s l< n,mEu

m%dud‚l n,mEu ^Scale Effect& yd

jD;a;Sh n,mEu ^Occupational Effect& kï ixl,am 2la hgf;a úia;r l< yelsh' ta wkqj

m%ud‚l n,mEu hkq i,ld n,k ld, mßÉfþoh ;=<

fiajd kshqla;sfha fjkia ùuhs' tkï fiajd kshqla;sfha

j¾Okh hs' th Ok fyda RK j¾Okhla úh yels h'

jD;a;Sh n,mEu hkq i,ld n,k ld, mßÉfþoh ;=<

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15 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

ùuhs' ta wkqj 2012 yd 2013 ld, mßÉfþoh ;=< §

iuia; fiajd kshqla;shg we;s jQ n,mEu 1 j.=fjka oela

fõ'

2012 yd 2013 ld, mßÉfþoh i,ld n,k l, jeäu

m%dud‚l n,mEu jd¾;d lr we;af;a fiajd wxYfhks' th

ishhg 8'14la fyj;a fiajd kshqla; mqoa.,hka 279"400l

jeä ùuls' l¾udka; wxYh o ishhg 3'12l m%dud‚l

n,mEula jd¾;d lr we;' tfia jqj;a lDIsl¾udka;

wxYh jd¾;d lr we;af;a 1'83l RK m%dud‚l n,mEuls'

wfkla wxY fol ;=< fiajd kshqla;sfha jeä ùula

olakg ,enqK o lDIsl¾udka; wxYfha RK n,mEu

fya;=fjka iuia; m%dud‚l n,mEu ishhg 3'69la f,i

oelafõ'

Wm l¾udka; ldKav w;r fiajd kshqla;sfha fjkia ùu

i,ld n,k úg fiajd wxYfha Wm ldKav jk kjd;eka

yd wdydr iemhSfï Wm ldKavh;a ^ishhg 44'39&

mßmd,kuh yd iydh fiajd lghq;= Wm ldKavh;a

^ishhg 40'26& jeäu m%dud‚l n,mEula jd¾;d lr

we;' tkï jeäu fiajd kshqla;s wjia:djka m%udKhla

cks; lrñka tu Wm ldKav foflys fiajd kshqla;sh

;j ÿrg;a jHdma; j we;'

1 j.=jfiajd kshqla;sfha n,mEu 2012-2013

uQ,dY%h( ckf,ALk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomdr®;fïka;=j

ldKavh m%dud‚l n,mEu

jD;a;Sh n,mEu

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lDIsl¾udka;" jk yd ëjr ^1'83& ^1'67& ^3'51&

lr®udka; 3'12 ^0'14& 2'98

m;,a yd leΕ 14'48 0'11 14'60

ksIamdok 5'71 0'34 6'06

bÈlsÍï" úÿ,sh" .Eia" jdIam yd jdhq

iólrK iemhqu" c, tl;= lsÍu" msßiqÿ

lsÍu yd fnod yeÍu

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fiajd 8'14 1'82 9'96

f;d. yd is,a,r fjf<|du" fudag¾

jdyk yd h;=re meÈ w¨;ajeähdj

2'55 ^0'15& 2'40

m%jdykh iy .nvd lsÍu 4'11 0'02 4'13

kjd;eka yd wdydr iemhSu 44'39 0'63 45'02

f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok m%ldYk

ld¾hhka

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uQ,H yd rlaIK ld¾hhka 18'10 0'22 18'32

jD;a;sh" úoHd;aul yd ;dlaIK lghq;= 20'06 0'11 20'17

mßmd,kuh yd iydh fiajd lghq;= 40'26 0'33 40'59

rdcH mßmd,k yd wdrlaIKh w;HjYH

iudc wdrlaIKh

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wOHdmkh ^1'68& ^0'21& ^1'89&

uyck fi!LH yd iudc fiajd lghq;= 4'99 0'02 5'01

fjk;a) 16'31 0'47 16'78

tl;=j 3'69 - 3'69

16 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok m%ldYk ld¾hhkays fiajd

kshqla;j isá mqoa.,hska m%udKfha wvq ùula olakg

,efí' ta wkqj jeäu RK m%dud‚l n,mEu jd¾;d lr

we;af;a tu wxYh úisks' bÈlsÍï" úÿ,sh" .Eia" jdIam

yd jdhq iólrK iemhqu" c, tl;= lsÍu" msßiqÿ lsÍu

yd fnod yeÍu Wm ldKavh o 4'52l RK m%dud‚l

n,mEula jd¾;d lr we;'

fiajd kshqla;s ixhq;sh ;=< tla tla ldKavfha odhl;ajfha

we;s jQ fjki fyj;a jD;a;Sh n,mEu ms<sn| j i,ld

n,k l, fiajd wxYh ishhg 1'82l n,mEula isÿ lr

we;s w;r th wfkl=;a wxY foflys u odhl;ajfha wvq

úfuys m%;sM,hls' ta wkqj" lDIsl¾udka; wxYh RK

1'67l yd l¾udka; wxYh RK 0'14l n,mEula jd¾;d

lr we;' Wm ldKav jYfhka .;a l, lDIsl¾udka;

ldKavh hgf;a jk tlu Wm ldKavh jk

lDIsl¾udka;" jk yd ëjr Wm ldKavh jD;a;shfha

jeäu RK n,mEu jQ ishhg 1'67 fmkajd we;s w;r

l¾udka; Wm wxYhla jk bÈlsÍï" úÿ,sh" .Eia" jdIam

yd jdhq iólrK iemhqu" c, tl;= lsÍu" msßiqÿ

lsÍu yd fnod yeÍfï Wm wxYh o ishhg 0'60l RK

jD;a;Sh n,mEula fmkajd we;' fiajd wxYh ;=< fiajd

kshqla;sfha wvq ùula jd¾;d l< wOHdmkh fuka u

f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok m%ldYk ld¾hhka Wm

ldKavh o f;d. iy is,a,r fjf<|du" fudag¾ jdyk

yd h;=re meÈ w¨;ajeähdj hk Wm ldKavh o RK

jD;a;Sh n,mEï fmkajd we;' fiajd kshqla;sh ;=< ;u

odhl;ajh jeä jYfhka by< f.dia we;af;a kjd;eka

yd wdydr iemhSu ^ishhg 0'63& yd rdcH mßmd,k yd

wdrlaIKh" w;HjYH iudc wdrlaIKh ^ishhg 0'49&

hk Wm ldKavj, h'

fï wkqj m%dud‚l yd jD;a;Sh hk fohdldrhg u

fiajd kshqla;sh flfrys jeäu n,mEula we;s lrk

,oafoa kjd;eka yd wdydr iemhSfï Wm ldKavh ishhg

45'02& úiskq;a fofjkqj mßmd,kuh yd iydh fiajd

lghq;= Wm ldKavh ^ishhg 40'59& úiskq;a h'

wd¾Ól lghq;= j¾.SlrKhg wkqj 2012 yd 2013

jir foflys § wd¾Ól lghq;=j, fiajd kshqla;sfha

isÿ jQ fjkia ùu 5 rEm igykska oelafõ' Wm wd¾Ól

lghq;= ldKav 10l iy fjk;a fiajd ldKavfha fiajd

kshqla; mqoa.,hkaf.a jeä ùula olakg ,efnk w;r

l¾udka; ldKav 4l fiajd kshqla;sfha wvq ùula

fmkakqï lrhs' fuys § fiajd kshqla;sfha by<u jeäùu

jd¾;d lr we;af;a l¾udka; ldKavh hg;g wh;a jk

wdr®:sl lghq;= jr®.SlrKh wkqj fiajd kshqla; mqoa.,hkaf.a fjkiaùu 2012 iy 2013

-60"000

-40"000

-20"000

20"000

40"000

60"000

80"000

100"000

0

ksIamdok

rdcH m˙md,k iy wdrCIKh w;HjYH iudc wdrlaIKhkjd;eka yd wdydr iemhSu

fjk;a

m˙md,kuh iy iydh fiajd lghq;=

f;d. iy is,a,r fj<|du" fudagr® jdyk yd uQQ,H yd rCIK ldr®hhka

m%%jdykh iy .nvd lsrSu

m;,a yd leӕ

jD;a;sh" úoHd;aul yd ;dlaIK lghq;=

uyck fi!LH iy iudc fiajd lghq;=

wOHdmk

f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok m%%ldYk ldr®hhka

b†ls¯ï" ú≥,sh" .Eia" jdIam yd jdhq iólrK

lDIslr®udka;" jk yd ëjr

5 rEm igyk

uQ,dY%h( ckf,ALk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomdr®;fïka;=j

17 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

ksIamdok Wm ldKavh fj;sks' fojkqj jeä ù we;af;a

rdcH mßmd,kh yd wdrlaIK lghq;= yd iïnkaO

/lshd ,dNSka h' f;jkqj kjd;eka yd wdydr iemhSfï

lghq;= yd iïnkaO fiajd kshqla;slhska jeä ù we;'

fuu ldKav ;=fka jeä ùu fiajd kshqla;sfha iuia;

jeä ùfuka ishhg 67lg;a jvd jeäh' mßmd,kuh

iy iydh fiajd lghq;=¦ f;d. iy is,a,r fjf<|du"

fudag¾ jdyk yd h;=re meÈ w¨;ajeähdj¦ uQ,H yd

rlaIK ld¾hhka¦ m%jdykh iy .nvd lsÍu¦ m;,a yd

leŒï¦ jD;a;sh" úoHd;aul iy ;dlaIK lghq;= fuka

u uyck fi!LH iy iudc fiajd lghq;= yd iïnkaO

/lshd ,dNS mqoa.,hka o jeä ú we;'

lDIsl¾udka;" jk yd ëjr¦ bÈlsÍï" úÿ,sh" .Eia"

jdIam yd jdhq iólrK iemhqu" c, tl;= lsÍu"

msßiqÿ lsÍu yd fnod yeÍu¦ f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok

m%ldYk ld¾hhka yd wOHdmkh hk ldKavhkays

fiajd kshqla;sh wvq ù we;' lDIsl¾udka;" jk yd ëjr

wxYh hgf;a jk fndfyda /lshdj,ska bj;a ùfï ndOl

^Exit barrier& idfmalaIj wvq ksid fuu wxYfha isg

wfkl=;a l¾udka; ldKavj,g fiajlhska ú;eka ùu

jeä nj fmfka' bÈlsÍï" úÿ,sh" .Eia" jdIam yd jdhq

iólrK iemhqu" c, tl;= lsÍu" msßiqÿ lsÍu yd fnod

yeÍu Wm ldKavh hgf;a jk úÿ,sh ms<sn| j i,ld

ne,Sfï § 2013 jk úg Èjhsfka úÿ,s n,h i|yd m%fõY

ùfï yelshdj ishhg 96 jk w;r tu ksid úÿ,sh

iïfm%aIKh i|yd fiajd kshqla;sfha m%idrKhla wjYH

fkdjk neúka tys fiajd kshqla;sfha ixfldapkhla

we;s ù ;sìh yelsh' tfuka u fjk;a rgj,ska meñ‚

fndfyda fiajd kshqla;slhka j¾;udkfha § bÈlsÍï

wxYfha /lshdj, ksr;j isàu;a wdrlaIl fiajfha

ks,Odßka o fuu wxYfha lghq;=j, fh§ isàu fuhg

fya;= úh yelsh' f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok m%ldYk

ld¾hhka hgf;a jk ia:djr ÿrl:k ixLHdfõ wvq

ùu;a cx.u ÿrl:k fiajd iemhSu tys m%Yia; uÜgug

<Õd ù ;sîu;a fya;=fjka tu wxYfha fiajd kshqla;sfha

o ixfldapkhla we;s ù ;sfí'

fufia fiajd kshqla;sfha mqoa.,hkaf.a wvq jeä ùu

ms<sn| j ksÍlaIKh lsÍu ;=<ska j¾;udkfha § tla

tla jD;a;suh wxYhka ys we;s jk m%idrKh fyda

ixfldapkh fyda ms<sn| j wjfndaOhla ,nd .; yels

fõ'

Y%S ,xldfõ fiajd wxYfha fiajd kshqla;sh

^iuia; fiajd kshqla;sfha m%;sY;hla f,i&

^1963 - 2004&

1963 37'0

1973 33'8

1978$79 30'8

1981$82 29'3

1986$87^w& 30'7

1996$97^wd& 36'7

2003$04^w& 40'4

2004$04^wd& 41'2

^w& W;=re kef.kysr m<d;a yer

^wd& ukakdru" ls,sfkdÉÑ yd uq,;sõ osia;s%lal yer

Y%S ,xldfõ fiajd wxYfha fiajd kshqla;sh ^m<d;a wkqj&

md˙fNda.sl uQ,H iy iudc wdr®:sl iólaIKh 2003$04

u; mokï ù we;

m<d; fiajd kshqla;sfha

m%;sY;hniakdysr 54'8

uOHu 37'1

ol=K 36'1

W;=r^w& 56'4

kef.kysr 47'3

jhU 39'0

W;=re ueo 33'5

W!j 27'2

inr.uqj 27'8

iuia; osjhsk 41'2

^w& ls,sfkdÉÑ" ukakdru iy uq,;sõ osia;%slal yer

Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j - jdr®Isl jdr®;dj 2013

18 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

f.da,Sh wd¾Ól m%jK;d

wefußld tlai;a ckmoh iy hqfrdamd rdcHhka b;sydifha

uqyqKÿka oreKq;u uQ,H wd¾Ól w¾nqofhka ñ§ ia:djr

uÜgula lrd .uka lrñka isà' fuu wd¾Ól 2013 j¾Ifha

fojk Nd.fha ia:djr uÜgï lrd .uka lrñka isáh o

wfmalaIs; b,lal fj; <`.dùula olakg fkd,enq‚' tfiau"

fuu wd¾Ólj, WoaOukh wfmalaIs; uÜgug <`.d fkdjQ

w;r" b;d by< ksuejqï mr;rhla tkï" mj;sk iïm;a

m%Yia; Wmfhdackhla ;=<sska <`.d lr.;yels ksuejqï uÜgug

jvd b;d wvq i;H ksuejqï uÜgula mj;skq olakg ,enq‚'

tfiajqjo" oekg mj;sk fuu j¾OkSh wd¾Ól ;;a;ajh 2014-

15 j¾Ihka yS § ;jÿr;a ia:djr fjñka by< j¾Okhla <`.d

lr.kq we;ehs wfmalaId lrhs' ÈhqKq wd¾Ól h:d;;ajhg

m;aùug iu.dój ke.S tk fjf<|fmd< w¾Ólj,g ndysr

uQ,H fjf<|fmdf<a mej;s ;;a;ajh wys;lr wdldrfhka

n,mdkq olakg ,enq‚' tneúka" ÈhqKq wd¾Ól mßydksfhka

ke.Sisàu;a iu`." f.da,Sh wiu;=<s;;djka f.a j¾Okhla

fmkakqïlrhs' úfYaIfhka u ÈhqKq wd¾Ólj, uQ,H

fjf<|fmdf<a we;sjQ j¾OkSh ;;a;ajh ke.S tk wdishdkq"

w.aksÈ. wdishdkq l,dmfha rdcHj, uQ,H fjf<|fmd<g

wys;lr n,mEï we;s lf<ah' tu rgj, m%d.aOkh ráka

msg;g .,dhEfuka wd¾Ól j¾Okfha miqnEula olakg

,enq‚' tfiajqjo" ÈhqKq wd¾Ólj,g lrkq ,nk wmkhk

i|yd jk b,a¨ u by< hEug iu.dój fuu wd¾Ólj,

ksuejqu" by< hkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf¾'

fuu f.da,Sh wd¾Ól Wmk;s i,ld ne,Sfï§ bÈßfha uqyqK

§ug isÿjk m%Odk wNsfhda. lsysmhla mj;S¦

ke.S tk fjf<|fmd< wd¾Ólj, wjodku by< hEu

wefußld tlai;a ckmoh we;=¿ ÈhqKq wd¾Ól" wd¾Ól

mßydkshg uqyqK §u i|yd l%shd;aul lsÍug fhÿkq uQ,H

m%;sm;a;s ,sys,a lsÍï ^m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd; my< oeóu

u`.ska uQ,H fjf<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd; my< uÜgul

mj;ajd .ekSu yd tu`.ska iuia; b,a¨ u by< oeóug lghq;=

lsÍu&" m%idrKd;aul rdcH uQ,H m%;sm;a;s ^rdcH úhoï

f.da,Sh wd¾Ól m%jK;d yd

Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólh

ví' Ô' m%Nd;a" fcHIaaG l<ukdlre" rdcH Kh fomd¾;fïka;=j'

by< oeóu yd nÿ m%;sm;a;s ,sys,a lsÍu& yd m%udKd;aul

,sys,alsÍï ^Quantitative Easing - QE& ^uynexl= úiska

iïm%odhsl uQ,H m%;sm;a;s ,sys,a lsÍï j,ska neyerj jd‚c

nexl= yd mqoa.,sl wdh;kj,ska uQ,H j;alï ñ,§ .ekSu

u`.ska mokï uqo,a by< oeóu yd M,odhs;d wkqmd;h my<

oeóug lghq;= lsÍu&" l%u l%ufhka yels,Sug ke;fyd;a iSud

lsÍug lghq;= lsÍu u.ska" tu ÈhqKq wd¾Ólj, wdfhdack

m%;s,dN ms<sn| wfmalaId by< hEfuka" ke.S tk wd¾Ólj,

wdfhdack wdl¾IKh ySk úh' th ke.S tk wd¾Ólj, uQ,H

fjf<|fmd< wia:djr ;;a;ajhka ks¾udKh lsÍug fya;=

úh' úfYaIfhkau wefußld tlai;a ckmoh l%udkql=,j

m%udKd;aul ,sys,a lsÍï ixfldapkh lsÍug ke;fyd;a

fjf<|fmdf<ka j;alï ñ,§ .ekSï udislj wvqlsÍug

lghq;= lsÍu;a iu`. ke.S tk wd¾Ólj, m%d.aOk ndysr

.,dhEï by< hEfuka f.jqï fYaI .eg¨ j,g uqyqK mEug

isÿúh' fuh WoaOuk mSvkhla yd cx.u .sKqfï ysÕhla

mej;s wd¾Ólj,g oeäj n,mEfõh' fuu ;;a;ajh ld,hla

;siafia meje;sho th ke.S tk wd¾Ólj,g t;rï n,mEula

fkdjqfha ÈhqKq wd¾Ólj, wdfhdack m%;s,dN my< uÜgul

mej;Su fya;=fjks' tfy;a" mej;s ,sys,a wkq.%dyl id¾j

wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;s ixfldapkh lsÍug lghq;= lsÍu iu`. tu

rgj, wdfhdack m%;s,dN ms<sno wfmalaId by< hEfuka ke.S

tk wd¾Ól lrd wdfhdack .,dhEu iS.%fhka wvqùu yd tu

rgj, wdfhdack ÈhqKq wd¾Ól lrd .,dhEu fuhg fya;=úh'

ke.S tk fjf<|fmd< wd¾Ólhkays wdfhdack ÈhqKq wd¾Ól

lrd we§hdu;a iu`. tu rgj,g ndysr ke;fyd;a úfoaY

wruqo,a ,nd .ekSfï wjYH;d mekk.sk w;r fuh tu

rgj, uqo,a wjm%udKh ùug fya;=fõ' fuu ;;a;ajhg

uqyqK§u i|yd id¾j wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;s oeä lsÍug ke;fyd;a

m%;sm;a;s fmd,s wkqmd; by< oeóug lghq;= lrk w;r"

tu.ska fjf<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd; by< hEfuka m%d.aOk

msßjeh by< hEu ksid wdfhdackh wvd, ùu ;=<ska wd¾Ól

j¾Okh my< hkq we;'

19 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

ÈhqKq wd¾ÓlhkayS wd¾Ól j¾Okh yd WoaOukh wfmalaIs; uÜgug <`.d fkdùu

ÈhKq wd¾Ól wd¾Ól mßydksfhka ke.Sisàu ke;fyd;a

h:d;;ajhg m;aùu hym;a jqjo iuia;hla f,i .;a úg

Yla;su;a f.da,Sh wd¾Ól j¾Okhla olakg fkd,efnhs'

tneúka Yla;su;a ia:djr wd¾Ól j¾Okhla we;slr.ekSu

i|yd ;jÿrg;a Èß.kajk iq¿ m%;sm;a;s l%shd;aul lsÍu

wjYHfõ' f.da,Sh wd¾Ól j¾Okh 2013 § mej;s ishhg 3'2

g idfmalaIj 2014 § ishhg 3'4 lska o 2015 § ishhg 4'0 lska

o ia:djr j¾Ok uÜgula olajd <`.djkq we;ehs mqfrdal:kh

lr we;' 2014-2015 ÈhqKq wd¾Ólj, j¾Okh ishhg 2'1 lska

j¾Okh jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf¾' fuh 2013 j¾Ihg

idfmalaIj ishhg 0'8 by< hEuls' fuu j¾Okhg odhl jQ

m%Odk idOl jkqfha ,sys,a rdcH uQ,H m%;sm;a;shla l%shd;aul

lsÍu" ,sys,a uQ,H m%;sm;a;s rduqjla l%shd;aul lsÍu fkdfyd;a

uQ,H fjf<|fmd< fmd,S wkqmd; b;d my< uÜgul mj;ajd

.ekSu yd uQ,H fjf<|fmdf<a øjYS,;dj by< uÜgul

mj;ajd.ekSu jeks Èß.kajkiq¿ m%;sm;a;s fõ' fuu ;;a;ajh

;=< 2014 jif¾§ wefußld tlai;a ckmofha j¾Okh

ishg 1'7 l uÜgfï mj;skq we;ehs wfmalaId flf¾' hqfrda

l,dmfha wd¾Ól j¾Okh iuia;hla jYfhka Ok w.hla

ke;fyd;a ìkaÿjg jvd jeä w.hla jkq we;ehs wfmalaId

flf¾' tfy;a wêl Kh nrla iys; ke;fyd;a wêl rdcH

Kh nrla iys; yd uQ,H fjf<|fmd< w¾nqo iys; rgj,

wd¾Ól j¾Okh ;jÿr;a my< hkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf¾'

ke.S tk fjf<|fmd< yd ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk

wd¾Ólj, j¾Okh 2013 jif¾§ ishhg 4'7 isg 2014 jif¾§

ishhg 4'6 la olajd my< hkq we;ehs yd 2015 jif¾§ ishhg

5'2 la olajd by< hkq we;ehs mqfrdal:khlr we;' fuu

wd¾Ól j¾Okh wfmalaId lrkqfha" ÈhqKq wd¾Ólj, úfoaY

b,a¨ u by< hEu ;=<sks' tfy;a" tu wd¾Ólj, mj;sk

wNHka;r uQ,H jd;djrKh ;=< foaYSh b,a¨ u my< hkq

we;' úfYaIfhka u 2014 Ökfha wd¾Ól j¾Okh ishhg 7'4

uÜgfï mj;skq we;ehs mqfrdal:kh lr we;s w;r" ta i|yd

trfÜ wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;s Kh yeisrùu ke;fyd;a f;dard.;a

wxYhkag Kh fhduqlsÍu yd ta i|yd wjYH jk jHqyd;aul

m%;sixialrK l%shd;aul l< hq;= fõ'

fufia b;d oreKq f.da,Sh uq,H wd¾Ól wjmd;hg wk;=rej

wd¾Ól h:d;;a;ajhg m;afjñka mej;Su hym;a ixj¾Okhla

jqjo" Yla;su;aj h:d;;a;ajhg m;aù ke;' tneúka fuu

ÈhqKq rgj,a tu wd¾Ól Yla;su;aj iïmq¾Kfhkau

h:d;;a;ajhg m;aùug m%:u l%shd;aul lsÍug fhÿkq ,sys,a

Èß.kajk iq¿ uQ,H m%;sm;a;sj,ska bj;aùu fhda.H fkdjkq

we;' fuys§ fuu rgj, rdcH uQ,H ia:dhslrK jd;djrKh

;=< b;d by< ksuejqï mr;rhla yd b;d wvq WoaOukhla

mej;Su ksid ,sys,a uQ,H m%;sm;a;sj,ska bj;a fkdúh hq;=h'

f,dalfha uQr®; o< foaYSh ksIamd†;fha jr®Okh ^m%;sY;hla f,i&

i;H weia;fïka;=2014 wfm%a,a weia;fïka;=

fjki

2012 2013 2014 2015 2014 2015

f,dalh 3'5 3'2 3'4 4'0 -0'3 -0'0

ÈhqKq wd¾Ól 1'4 1'3 1'8 2'4 -0'4 0'1

cmdkh 1'4 1'5 1'6 1'1 0'3 0'1

wefußld tlai;a ckmoh 2'8 1'9 1'7 3'0 -1'1 0'1

hqfrda l,dmh -0'7 -0'4 1'1 1'5 0'0 0'1

c¾uksh 0'9 0'5 1'9 1'7 0'2 0'1

m%xYh 0'3 0'3 0'7 1'4 -0'3 -0'1

b;d,sh -2'4 -1'9 0'3 1'1 -0'3 0'0

ke.S tk fjf<|fmd< yd ixj¾Ok fjñka

mj;sk wd¾Ól

5'1 4'7 4'6 5'2 -0'2 -0'1

ke.S tk yd ixj¾Ok fjñka

mj;sk wdishdj

6'7 6'6 6'4 6'7 -0'2 -0'1

Ökh 7'7 7'7 7'4 7'1 -0'2 -0'2

bkaÈhdj 4'7 5'0 5'4 6'4 0'0 0'0

taishka 5 ^ASEAN-5& 6'2 5'2 4'6 5'6 -0'4 0'2

uq,dY%h - IMF - World Economic Outlook" Update July 24" 2014

20 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

fuys§ úfYaIfhkau hqfrda l,dmh ;=< ,sys,a Èß.kajk iq¿

uQ,H m%;sm;a;shla mj;ajd .ekSu w;HjYH h' thg fya;=j

tu l,dmfha by< ksuejqï mr;rhla yd b;d wvq WoaOuk

;;a;ajhla ke;fyd;a wjOuk wjodkula mej;Su h' fufia

b;d my< WoaOuk ;;a;ajhla yd by< ksuejqï mr;rhla

mej;Su wd¾Ólhla h:d;;ajhg m;aùug ke;fyd;a

uq,H w¾nqofhka Yla;su;aj h<ss f.dvke.Sug fhda.Hjk

jd;djrKhla we;s fkdjkq we;'

2014 jif¾ m<uq ld¾;=fõ f.da,Sh wd¾Ól j¾Okh wfmalaIs;

uÜgug jvd ukao.dó iajNdjhla olakg ,enqKq neúka" 2014

wfm%a,a udifha mej;s f.da,Sh wd¾Ól j¾Ok mqfrdal:k 2014

cQ,s udifha§ kej;;a ixfYdaOkh lr ishhg 0'3 lska my;

ouk ,os' fuhg m%Odk jYfhka wefußldfõ yd ke.S tk

wd¾Ól lsysmhl 2014 jif¾ m<uq ld¾;=j ;=< olakg ,enqKq

wd¾Ól j¾Okfha ukao.dó iajNdjh yd

WoaOuk wfmalaId my< uggul mej;Su

fya;=úh' flfia jqjo" 2015 jir ;=<

ÈhqKq wd¾Ólj, j¾Okh Yla;su;a ùu;a

iu`. f.da,Sh wd¾Ól j¾Okh ishhg 4'0

olajd by< hkq we;ehs wfmalaId flf¾'

kej; N+ foaYmd,ksl .egqï mekke.Sfï wjodku

f,dalfha mekkef.ñka mj;sk N+

foaYmd,ksl .egqï ;=<ska f.da,Sh wd¾Ól

kej; my; jeàfï wjodkula mj;S'

úfYaIfhkau ueofmrÈ. yd reishdkq

l,dmfha mek kef.ñka mj;sk

foaYmd,ksl wia:djr;ajh yd .egqï

fuu wd¾Ól h:d;;a;ajhg m;aùug

m%n, wNsfhda.hla jkq we;' BY%dh,h yd

m,ia;Skh w;r .id ;srfha mj;sk .egqï" brdlfha yd

,sìhdfõ mj;sk wNHka;r .egqï fia u reishdkq l,dmfha

hqlaf¾kh yd reishdj w;r mj;sk fkdikaiqka;djka o

fï w;r m%Odk ;ekla .kS' tneúka fuu N+ foaYmd,ksl

.egqï ;=<ska úfoaY mßirfha we;s jk fjkialï ke.S tk

fjf<|fmd< wd¾Ólj,g b;du;a whym;a f,i n,mdkq

we;'

Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólh

fuu f.da,Sh wd¾Ól Wmk;Ska ;=< Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólh

2014 m<uq ld¾;=fõ ishhg 7'6 lska j¾Okh jQ w;r 2013

j¾Ifha ishhg 7'3 lska j¾Okh úh' fuh 2012 jif¾

jd¾;d jQ ishhg 6'3 g idfmalaIj by< wd¾Ól j¾Okhla

úh' wd¾Ólfha ish¨ u wxY j¾Okhg Okd;aulj odhl

jQ w;r fuys§ 2012 jirg idfmalaIj lemSfmfkk

j¾Okhla fmkakqï lrk ,oafoa fiajd wxYh hs' fuhg

hym;a ld,.=‚l ;;a;ajh" úfoaY wd¾Ól h:d;;a;ajhg

m;aùu u`.ska b,a¨ u by< hEu fya;= úh'

2013 jif¾ fjf<|fmd< ñ, wkqj o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;h

remsh,a ì,shk 8"674 la jQ w;r th tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾

ì,shk 67 la úh' tfiau" tal mqoa., o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;h

tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾ 3"280 la olajd" 2012 j¾Ihg

idfmalaIj tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾ 358 lska by< hk ,os'

uqo,a m%;sm;a;sh yd WoaOukh

2012 jif¾ olakg ,enqKq uQ,H m%idrKh ke;fyd;a

by< Kh j¾Okh;a iu`. uqo,a iemhqfï fõ.j;a j¾Okhg

ms<shï f,i l%shd;aul lrkakg fhÿkq m%;sm;a;s fmd,S

wkqmd; by< oeóu" Kh iSud mekùu jeks ia:dhslrK

id¾j wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;suh l%shdud¾. ;=<ska 2013 jif¾

m<uq l¾;=fõ ia:dhslrK wruqKq idlaId;a lr .ekSug

yelsúh' fuys m%;sM,hla f,i WoaOukh fukau WoaOuk

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/lshd wfmalaIlhska Y%u fjf<|fmd<g w¨ ;ska tl;= ùu

fya;=fldgf.k 2013 jif¾ fiajd úhqla;s wkqmd;h ishhg

4'4 olajd by< hk ,os' fuys§" Y%u n,ld iyNd.S;aj

wkqmd;h 2012 jif¾ ishhg 52'6 සට 2013 jif¾ ishhg 53'8

la olajd jeä jQ w;r Y%u n,ldh ishhg 4'1 lska j¾Okh

úh' ඒ අනව 2012 jif¾ mqoa.,hka ñ,shk 8'454 la jQ Y%u

n,ldh 2013 වසf¾ ñ,shk 8'802 la úh'

úfoaY wxYh

f.da,Sh wd¾Ólය l%ufhka h:d;;a;ajhg m;aùu iy foaYSh

wd¾Ól lghq;=j, j¾Okh fya;=fjka 2013 jif¾ úfoaY

wxYfha hym;a j¾Okhla olakg ,enq‚' wmkhk wdodhu"

ixpdrl bmhSï" úfoaY fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a fm%aIK ,eîï

yd uQ,H .sKqï fj; ,eîï we;=¿ úfoaY uQ,H ,eîï m%jdy

È.ska È.gu by< hEfuka 2014 jif¾ uq,a udi yh ;=< o Y%SS

,xld úfoaY wxYh ;jÿrg;a Yla;su;a úh' 2013 jif¾ fojk

w¾Ofha f.da,Sh fjf<| lghq;= h:d ;;a;ajhg m;afjñka

meje;Su yd m%Odk wmkhkj, b,a¨ u by< hEu wmkhk

wodhu flfrys ys;lr f,i n,mEfõh' Lksc f;,a wdkhk

wvqùu" wdkhk úhou wvqùug m%Odk jYfhka fya;=úh'

úfoaY wxYfha j¾;k .sKqfï fYaIh 2012 jir wjidkfha

o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;fhys m%;sY;hla f,i ishhg 6'7 isg

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la olajd wvqúh' fuu j¾Okh;a"

uQ,H .sKqu fj; ,enqKq iDcq

úfoaY wdfhdack iy rch" nexl=

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jif¾ tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾

ñ,shk 151 la jQ f.jqï fYaI

w;sßla;h 2013 jif¾ tlai;a

ckmo fvd,¾ ñ,shk 985 la

olajd by< hk ,os' fuu f.jqï

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wjidkfha § tlai;a ckmo

fvd,¾ ñ,shk 1"953'6 la olajd

by< hk ,o w;r thg m%Odk

jYfhka cx.u .sKqfï ,eîï by<

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jkúg mej;s o< ks, ixÑ; udi 5 lg m%udKj;a fjñka

tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾ ì,shk 7'5 j¾Okh jQ w;r th 2014

cqks udih wjidkfha § udi 6'1 lg m%udKj;a fjñka tlai;a

ckmo fvd,¾ ì,shk 9'2 la olajd ;jÿrg;a j¾Okh úh'

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idfmalaIj ishhg 2'75 lska wjm%udKh úh' fuhg idfmalaIj

2014 jif¾ wf.daia;= ui olajd Y%S ,xld remsh, wefußld

wfmalaId ys;lr uÜgul mej;Su fya;=fjka 2013 jir ;=<

uqo,a m%;sm;a;s ;jÿrg;a ,sys,a lsÍug lghq;= lrk ,os' 2012

foieïn¾ ui uy nexl= m%;sm;a;s fmd,S wkqmd; ishhg

0'25 lska wvqlrkakg lghq;= lrk ,o w;r 2013 jir ;=<

ishhg 1'00 lska wvqlrk ,È' fuu ,sys,a uqo,a m%;sm;a;s

l%shd;aul lsÍfï m%;sM,hla f,i 2013 jif¾ wd¾Ól lghq;=

j, hym;a j¾Okhla fukau ia:djr;ajhla olakg ,enq‚'

tfiau" fuu ;;a;ajh 2014 uq,a ld¾;=fõ o by< wd¾Ól

j¾Okhla <`.dlr .ekSug bjy,a úh'

fkdlvjd jir myla ;siafia WoaOukh ;ks wxlhla uÜgfï

mj;sk w;r th 2014 jif¾ uq,a udi my ;=< ;jÿrg;a

my< hk ,os' 2013 jir uq, ishhg 10 lg wdikakj mej;s

WoaOukh rg ;=< iemhqu jeäÈhqKq ùu;a" b,a¨ï wxYfha

;;ald,Sk yd úplaIKYS,S m%;sm;a;s fya;=fjka 2013 jir

wjidkh jk úg l%ufhka ueÈ ;ks wxlhla olajd wvq jQ

w;r 2014 jif¾ uq,a ui yh ;=< ;jÿrg;a my< hk ,os'

ta wkqj" 2013 jir wjidkfha jd¾Isl ,laIHuh moku u;

ishhg 4'7 la o jd¾Isl idudkH moku u; ishhg 6'9 la o

úh' tfiau" 2014 cq,s udifha § WoaOukh ,laIHuh moku

u; ishhg 3'6 la o idudkH moku u; ishhg 4'7 la olajd

;j ÿrg;a my< hk ,os' fufia WoaOukh fkdlvjd ;ks

b,lalul mej;Su;a" l%udkql=,j wvq ùu;a" wkd.; WoaOuk

wfmalaId wvqùug fya;=úh' fuu.ska" wd¾Ólfha m%d.aOk yd

fiajd msßjeh úp,khka ms<sn| mej;s wjodku wjuùu yd

ia:djr wd¾Ól j;djrKh wdfhdacl úYajdih by< kexùug

fya;= jQ w;r ta ;=<ska j¾Ok wfmalaId <`.dlr .ekSug

bjy,a jkq we;'

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tlai;a ckmo fvd,rhg idfmalaIj ishhg 0'45 lska iq¿

jYfhka wêm%udKh fjñka ;j ÿrg;a ia:djr úh' fuhg

úfYaIfhkau nexl= fj; úfoaY ,eîï by< hEu fya;=úh'

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wruqKq lrf.k l%shd;aul lrk ,§' jvd;a Yla;su;aj rdcH

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lghq;= lrk,o w;r" tu m%h;akj, m%;sM,hla

f,i m%Odk rdcH uQ,H o¾Ylවල hï j¾Okhla

olakg ,enq‚' 2012 jif¾ o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;fha

m%;sY;hla f,i ishhg 6'5 la jQ whjeh ys`.h 2013

jif¾ ishhg 5'9 දකවා ie,lshhq;= f,i wvq úh' th

weia;fïka;=.; ishhg 5'8 g jvd iq¿ jeäùula

fmkakqï lf<ah' fuu rdcH uQ,H Yla;su;aùug

m%Odk jYfhka rch úhoï l<ukdlrKh

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ishhg 13'1 la olajd my; jegq‚' th 2012 j¾Ifha

remsh,a ì,shk 1"051 la jQ w;r 2013 j¾Ifha§

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,laúh hq;= m%Odk lreKla fõ' wh jeh ys`.h

mshùfï§ foaYSh uq,dY% u; jeä /|shdjla olakg

,enqKq w;r nexl= wxYfhka ,nd.;a uq¿ Kh

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foaYSh ksIamdÈ;fhys m%;sY;hla f,i ishhg 79'2

la jQ rdcH Kh wkqmd;h 2013 j¾Ifha ishhg 78'3

olajd my; jegq‚' tfiajqjo" fkdmshjQ iuia: rdcH

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lska by< hk ,os' fuu m%jK;d i,ld ne,Sfï§

rdcH uQ,H l<ukdlrKh È.=ld,sk ie,eiaula

wkqj lghq;= lsÍu jeo.;a jk w;r m%d:ñl .sKqfï

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mshùfuka wk;=rej wodhï w;sßla;hla mj;ajd

.ekSu rdcH uQ,H ia:djr;ajhg b;d jeo.;afõ'

wd¾Ól úúOdx.slrKh i|yd 5¬1 flakaø

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úp,;djkag fya;=úh yel' tneúka" wLKavj ie,lshhq;=

ld, mßÉfÊohla by< wd¾Ól j¾Ok fõ.hla wju

úp,;djlska mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd wd¾Ól ixflakaøkh

wju lsÍu i|yd Wmdhud¾.sl wd¾Ól úúOdx.SlrKh b;d

jeo.;a fõ' fï i|yd Wmdhud¾.sl jYfhka Y%S ,xldfõ

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úúOdx.SlrKh i|yd wjOdkh fhduqlr we;s w;r th 5¬1

flakaø f,i y÷kdf.k we;'

Y%S ,xldfõ f;a iy we`.¨ï l¾udka;h jeks m%n, idïm%odhsl

wxY by< ;r`.ldß;ajhlska mj;ajd .ksñka iuqøSh" .=jka"

jd‚c" oekqu" n,Yla;s iy ixpdrl hk fuu iEu wxYhlu

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óg iu.dój m%dfoaYSh jYfhka o m%Odk k.r ixj¾Okh yd

tu k.r uyd ud¾." wêfõ.S ud¾. u.ska iïnkaO lsÍug

lghq;= lsÍu' tfiau ksoyia wdfhdack l,dm" ksoyia jrdh

yd .=jka f;dgqm, we;slsÍu" cd;Hka;r iïuka;%K Yd,d

bÈlsßu yd mj;sk ia:dk kùlrKh jeks lghq;= u.ska

wdfhdaclhka wdl¾IKh lr .ekSug lghq;= lrñka isá'

oekqï flakaøh

oekqï flakaøh Wmdhud¾.sl jYfhka ixj¾Okh lsÍfï

wruqKq jQfha rg ;=< isák úúO jD;a;Skaj, kshe,S W.;a

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24 2014 cQ,s - wf.da

n,Yla;s flakaøh

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ixpdrl flakaøh

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,os'

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we;'

wkd.; wNsfhda.

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w.hka iys; ksIamdok y÷kajd§u i|yd kj fidhd.ekSï

i|yd m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok lghq;= lsÍu b;d jeo.;a fõ'

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yd há;, myiqlï ixj¾Okh lsÍuo w;HjYH lreKq fõ'

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b;d jeo.;a fõ' tfiau" wdfhdack by< oeóu;a fï i|yd

w;HjYH idOlhla jk neúka rdcH uQ,H l<ukdlrKfha§

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f.da,Sh wd¾Ól yd fjf<|fmd< úp,khka ;=<ska foaYSh

wd¾Ólhg isÿjk n,mEï wju lsÍu i|yd wmkhk ksIamdok

yd fjf<|fmd< úúOdx.SlrKh w;HjYH fõ'

wd¾Ól ixj¾Okfha§ w;HjYHu idOl jk uQ,H yd m%d.aOk

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l< hq;=fõ' úfYaIfhka u uQ,H yd m%d.aOk fjf<|fmd<

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w;HjYH ld¾hla fõ'

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uQ,H yd msial,a m%;sm;a;sj,ska l%ñlj bj;aùu;a iu`. ke.S

tk fjf<|fmd< wd¾Ól yd ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk

wd¾Ólj, id¾j wd¾Ól l<ukdlrKh b;d wNsfhda.d;aul

fõ' foaYSh uQ,H fjf<|fmd< wúksYaÑ;;d by< hEfuka

úfoaYSh wdfhdaclhka Tjqkaf.a wdfhdack h:d;;a;ajhg

m;ajk wd¾Ólh lrd ú;eka lsÍfuka fuu ;;a;ajh ;jÿr;a

;Sj% úh yel'

uQ,dY%

1' Y%S ,xld uy nexl= jd¾Isl jd¾;d 2012" 2013'

2' Y%S ,xld uy nexl= mqj;am;a ksfõok 2014'

3' Christine Lagarde" Managing Director" IMF" April 2" 2014" —The Road to Sustainable Global Growth - The Policy Agenda˜ speech at the School of Advanced International Studies" Washington" DC'

4' WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK - April 2014 and Update July 24" 2014" World Economic and Financial Surveys" International Monetary Fund" Publication Services" P'O' Box 92780" Washington" DC 20090" U'S'A'

rdc.sßh" Y%S chj¾Okmqr udjf;a" wxl 58 ork ia:dkfha msysá Y%S ,xld uy nexl= uqøKd,fha uqøKh lrk ,ÿj"

Y%S ,xld uy nexl=fõ ikaksfõok fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska ksl=;a lrk ,§'