umts link budget basic parameter

7/28/2019 UMTS Link Budget Basic Parameter

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UMTS Link Budget Basic Parameter

To characterise a given area the distribution of environment types (Clutter) mustbe determined. The telecommunications industry has adopted the followinggeneral definitions High Dense Urban (Indoor and Outdoor). Low Dense Urban (Indoor and Outdoor). Suburban (Indoor and Outdoor). Rural (Indoor and Outdoor).Clutter types can generally be split up into groups based on the number ofsubscribers per Km2 and building height and density. High dense urban clutter types have the most subs/ Km2and a high density ofbuilding(s) in a small area. Buildings are typically tall. Rural clutter types have the lowest subs/ Km2. Buildings are generally sparselydistributed.Once the area to be simulated has been assigned clutter types, the environmentscan be defined.

Link Budget Parameters1. Uplink Dense Urban Link Budget
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2. BLER (Block Error Rate)
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3. Eb/No PerformanceThe Eb/No value is a measure of the signal quality required by the UE or Node Bin order to recover the required signal from the received signal. Eb/No is highly

dependant upon many different parameters such as Bearer Rate, UE speed,Fading profile, Block Error Rate, etc.

4. Body Loss

5. Fade MarginPath Loss fading due to propagation distance,Long Term fading (slow) : caused by shadowing, depend on area coverageprobability and standard deviationShort Term fading (fast) : caused by multipath propagationCoverage for all cases is for 90% cell coverage reliability, indoor and outdoor, at64 kbit/s Uplink and 128kbit/s Downlink. This is implemented within the linkbudget using a lognormal fading standard deviation of 8dB, which produces afade margin of 5.4dB for 90% cell coverage reliability. Error: Reference source
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not found shows how the fade margin varies against cell coverage and fadingstandard deviation.

For example with 8dB standard deviation, a cell coverage reliability of 95%

requires a fade margin of 8.6dB to be added to the link budget. In dense Urbanenvironments, higher standard deviation such as 10dB may be used. This requires11.7dB fade margin for 95% cell coverage reliability, thus reducing the cell rangesignificantly.6. Environment parameters: interference marginUplink interference margin is Noise Rise in Node B,

same uplink load same interference marginsame downlink load, different downlink interference marginhigh throughput high interference marginDownlink Interference margin calctulation :
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7. Processing GainProcessing gain related to bearer data rate

Nt = thermal noise (-108 dBm/3.84 MHz)Nf = noise figure of nodeB (1.6 dB for NodeB, 7 dB for UE)Eb/E0 = bit energy divided by noise spectral density

8. Maximum Transmit Power per User connectionIn the Uplink direction, the standard maximum transmit power for a typicalhandset is +21dBm (equivalent to -9dBW or 125mW). An additional margin maybe used to account for power control error due to fast fading at the edge of thecell. This is typically 2dB, which means that a value of +19dBm is actually used in
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the link budget for handset transmit power.In the downlink, different maximum power levels per UE connection are useddepending upon the service bearer rate. For example, 1W (+33dBm) may be usedfor a voice user at he edge of the cell but 4W may be available for a 384k dataconnection. The maximum downlink power per user is set in the database at a

level relative to the common pilot channel power and is based upon customerspecifications. Within the link budget, a Fast Fade margin may again be usedwith the maximum power per link.

9. Maximum Allowable PathlossMaximum allowable pathloss = UE Transmit Power + Antenna Gain + SHO gain -(Slow Fading Margin + Fast Fading Margin + Interference Margin + Body loss +Cable loss + penetration loss)
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umts link budget basic parameter

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