Unit 1, Book 4

新视野大学英语

朱卫华 制作

OBJECTIVES

1. Develop proper ways to resist temptations.

2. Tell stories in time sequence.

3. Develop positive attitude towards marriage and family.

4. Learn to read between lines.

5. Use new words and expressions.

新视野大学英语 Book 4----Unit 1

Unit 1 Section A

The Temptation of a Respectable Woman

Text UnderstandingText Understanding

Notes to the TextNotes to the Text

Words and ExpressionsWords and Expressions

Warming-upWarming-up

ProverbsFar from eye, far from heart.

Hasty love, soon cold.

A good husband makes a good wife.

眼不见，心不烦。

一见钟情难为久。

夫善则妻贤。

每每

堂堂

一一

记记

Warming-upWarming-up

What would you do in the following cases?

Warming-upWarming-up

You’re overweight and not allowed to eat too much. When you see the delicious food …

You can hardly pass the exam. Now, the supervisor is out for a moment …

The computer game is so fascinating, but you haven’t finished your homework …

How to Resist Temptations

It’s inevitable for one to be faced with various temptations in his lifetime. Have you ever managed

to resist any temptation or got trapped in it?

Now share your experience with your partner.

Tips

Choose your friends carefully.Think about how an honorable person would act.Think about what would happen if you were caught.Avoid going to the places where people usually do

wrong.

How to Resist Temptations

Think over whether what you are about to do may hurt others.

Walk away from the situations where you are tempted.

Remember what your parents or teachers taught you.

TEXT UNDERSTANDING

Retell the Story

Questions & Answers

I Retell the Story in Time OrderI Retell the Story in Time Order

This passage is arranged in time sequence. Now This passage is arranged in time sequence. Now find the time markers and retell the story with the find the time markers and retell the story with the help of them. Your story should cover the startinhelp of them. Your story should cover the starting point of the story, Mrs. Baroda’s first impressiog point of the story, Mrs. Baroda’s first impression of Gouvernail, what happenedn of Gouvernail, what happenedat that night and what happened after that.at that night and what happened after that.

Tips

Para(s).Para(s). Time MarkersTime Markers

11 (general situation of the story)(general situation of the story)

2~92~9 after a few days, then, one day, in the morning, after a few days, then, one day, in the morning, until until

11~1911~19 that night, the next morning, then, whenthat night, the next morning, then, when

2020 the next morning, not … untilthe next morning, not … until

2121 during the summer that followedduring the summer that followed

22~2422~24 before the year endedbefore the year ended

II. Q & A

1. What made Mrs. Baroda feel a bit angry?

Her husband expected his friend, Gouvernail, to stay about one or two weeks in their home.

2. What kind of person was Gouvernail inthe eyes of Mrs. Baroda?

He was a boring and withdrawn person with a strange personality.

3. What did Mrs. Baroda decide to do after her first attempts to understand Gouvernail failed?

She decided to leave for her aunt’s house andwouldn’t come back till Gouvernail left theirhome.

4. What can be learned about Gouvernail from his talk to Mrs. Baroda?

A once ambitious person, Gouvernail now became one with the mere desire to enjoy a genuine life now and then.

5. Which part of Gouvernail drew Mrs. Baroda to him?

His tones of voice and personal charm.

6. Why was Mrs. Baroda strongly against her husband’s suggestion of inviting Gouvernail to visit them in the following summer?

She was afraid that she could not resist being attracted by Gouvernail.

7. How did Mr. Baroda understand his wife’s attitude towards Gouvernail?

He mistook his wife’s feeling towards Gouvernail for pure dislike.

8. What did Mrs. Baroda mean by saying that she had overcome everything?

She had overcome both her misunderstanding of and her subtle feelings towards Gouvernail.

Text Learning

--Paraphrase & Translation

1. Then she imposed her company upon him, 1. Then she imposed her company upon him, accompanying him in his idle walks to the accompanying him in his idle walks to the mill to press her attempt to penetrate the mill to press her attempt to penetrate the silence in which he had unconsciously silence in which he had unconsciously

covered himself.covered himself. (L5)(L5)

What do I experience again?The deep felt wish.

What is the wish?To be part of a …To sit by the fire…

StructureParaphraseThen she tried to accompany him in his idle walks to the mill, in order to penetrate the silence in which he had unconsciously covered himself.

后来她执意陪他到磨房去散步，试图打破他这种并非有意造成的沉默。

Translation

2. Now, all there was left with him was a desire to 2. Now, all there was left with him was a desire to be permitted to exist, with now and then a little be permitted to exist, with now and then a little breath of genuine life, such as he was breathing breath of genuine life, such as he was breathing now. now. (L47)(L47)

Normal order:This wish is so intense that …

so…that… 太……以致于……

StructureParaphrase

Now it was a desire to be permitted to exist that only left with him. Now and then he could breathe a little breath of genuine life, such as he wasbreathing now.

现在，他只剩下求生的欲望，偶尔才体验到一丝真正的生活气息，就像此时此刻。

Translation

3. However, before the year ended, she proposed, 3. However, before the year ended, she proposed, wholly from herself, to have Gouvernail visitwholly from herself, to have Gouvernail visit them again.them again. (L65)(L65)

ParaphraseParaphrase

However, before the year ended, wholly from herself, she proposed to invite Gouvernailagain.然而，快到年底时，她却主动提出邀请韦内尔再次来访。

Translation

Subjunctive Mood• Para. 5

– 与现在事实相反

• Para. 17– 与过去事实相反

GRAMMAR

虚拟语气的用法你掌握了吗？

虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood

虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示假设、意愿、建议、请求等不可能成为事实的情况。

1.1 虚拟语气用于 if 引导的非真实条件句。有时，可以用于省略 if 的非真实条件句。

从句 主句与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来事实相反

did, were, v-ed

had + v-ed/been

were to/should +v.

would(should,could,might)+ v.would(should,could,might)+have

+v-ed

would(should,could,might)+v.

1.2 虚拟语气用于宾语从句

句型“… wish that…” eg. I wish I were a bird.

句型“主语 + 引起虚拟的动词 + 含虚拟语气的宾语从句”

（常用这类动词有： demand,insist,desire,urge,intend, deserve,suggest,command,request,order,propose 等

等。 ) eg. The teacher insisted that all the students (should) be on time.

1.3 虚拟语气用于主语从句

句型 :It is/was + 引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分词 + 含虚拟语气的主语从句

eg. It is necessary/desired that every student (should) pass the exam.

可以引导这类虚拟语气的主语从句的形容词和过去分词• 形容词 :important, necessary, natural, possible, vital, esse

ntial, appropriate,better,interesting,odd,absurd, desirable,advisable, preferable.• 动词过去分词 :desired, advised, decided, required, reque

sted, proposed, ordered, demanded, insisted, arranged, sugges

ted, moved.

1.4 虚拟语气用于状语从句

由 as if/though 引导的表语从句和方式状语从句 eg. He looks as if he were ill. 由某些连词如 :lest,whether, for fear that 等引导的让

步状语从句 eg. He took his raincoat lest it should rain. 由某些连词如 :in case, unless, supposing,on condition t

hat 等引导的条件状语从句 eg. I will get some beer in case John should come here.

返回词汇

Word Formation

Word Game

Word Using

I. Word I. Word UsingUsing

1.…was a little annoyed to learn…

形容词 annoyed 可以用其他的副词来修饰，如： somewhat /very /a bit/ pretty / much /rather /

quite 等等， 表示不同的程度。

2.company (L6) n. ① being together with others 交往，陪伴，客

人 ② group of people united for business

（一）群 / 伙 / 队 ；公司 同根词同根词companion n. 伙伴，同伴accompany v. stay with sb. as a companion

e.g. e.g. a ~ of students/ travellersa ~ of students/ travellers I have ~ tonight.I have ~ tonight. 我今晚有客人我今晚有客人 .. in ~ with sb. (in ~ with sb. ( 和…）在一起和…）在一起 part ~( with) part ~( with) 和…分离和…分离 ,, 不再和…交往不再和…交往They obviously enjoy each other’s ~.They obviously enjoy each other’s ~.

3. make a fuss:

1) make a fuss about

e.g. – There is nothing to make a fuss about.

2) make a fuss of / over

e.g. – They make a great fuss of the new baby.( 非常宠爱 )

– Make a real fuss of sb. 对某人格外宠爱– Make a big fuss of sb. 对某人非常热情

4. the last thing (L21) (1) sth. that is desired in the least

e.g.e.g.I am determined to make it—the last thing I want is to be a laughing stock among local farmers if I fail.

Use itUse it

Who is the last person you want Who is the last person you want

to meet?to meet?

4.the last thing (L21) (2)sth. that is taken as the last one

• e.g. – The last thing he did before he fell fast asleep

was to slip Sandy’s diary inside his pillow.

5. 比较 sensible 和 sensitive Sensible : reasonable, practical and able to

judge things well ( 合理的，理智的 )

Sensitive: 1.(of people) easily upset,esp.by things that are said or done; (of things)causing people to be upset （敏感的） e.g. sb. be ~ / ~ issues

2.understanding what others need, and being helpful and kind to them.( 理解关注 ) e.g. be ~ to sth.

6. propose (L65) v. ① suggest a plan, an idea, etc.

TranslationTranslation我吃完以后，他建议马上动身。

KeyKey

After I had finished eating, he proposed After I had finished eating, he proposed

to set off immediately.to set off immediately.

6. propose (L65) v. ② ask sb. to marry one

KeyKey

He proposed to her twice, but were bothHe proposed to her twice, but were both

rejected.rejected.

TranslationTranslation他向她求婚两次，都被拒绝了。

同根词同根词proposal n. 提议，求婚proposition n. 提议，建议

engage Mary to Tom Mary is engaged to Tom.

marry Alice to JohnAlice is married to John.( 把某人嫁给某人，该词常用被

动 ) divorce a pair/ one’s spouse ( 使夫妇离婚 / 和配偶离

婚 )

be divorced from 1) 使离婚 2 ）使脱离 be divorced from the masses 使脱离群众

7. 比较 :engaged / married / divorced

temptation

plantation

penetration

presence

observation

proposition

opposition

tempt plant penetrate present observe propose oppose

II. Word FormationII. Word Formation

Give verb forms of the following words:

obligation

responsibility

classification

ignorance

transmission

interpretation

regulation

investment

oblige respond classify ignore transmit interpret regulate invest

关于 self 的几个合成词• Self-abasement 自卑，自我菲薄• Self-assured 自信的，自恃的• Self-complacent 自满的，沾沾自喜的• Self-conceit 自负，自大，自命不凡• Self-confident 自信的，满怀信心• Self-esteem 自尊；自负• Self-reliance/reliant 自力更生（的）

Ⅲ. Word Game

Pair workPair work

One describes in English the One describes in English the Chinese showed on the screen, Chinese showed on the screen, the other tries the other tries to guess its English word to guess its English word without looking at it. If it is without looking at it. If it is right, both can get right, both can get a mark.a mark.

告别告别(Hint: goodbye)farewell

诱惑，诱惑物诱惑，诱惑物 temptation

穿透，进穿透，进入入penetrate

机敏，风趣机敏，风趣

wit

正直的，诚实的正直的，诚实的upright

提议，建议提议，建议

propose

应得，值得应得，值得

deserve

温柔的温柔的

tender

袖子

sleeve

微风

breeze

Unit 1 Section BUnit 1 Section B

The Obligations and

Responsibilities to

Marriage

ObjectivesObjectives

Reading Between the Lines

Questions &Answers

Language Points

Reading Skills

Text B Writing Writing

Meditations Derived from an Occurrence

Reading Between Lines

How to Read Between Lines?

1. Use context clues, common sense and your knowledge of the world;

2. Connect ideas and draw conclusions

from the passage;

3. Form and test your understanding between the lines.

PracticePractice

1. His words became a meaningless succession of verbs, nouns, adverbs, and adjectives … (Passage A, Unit1)

Q: Q: Why did his words become meaningless?Why did his words become meaningless?

A: A: Probably Mrs. Baroda was distracted and thought of something else.

2. The stronger the desire grew to bring herself

near him, the further, in fact, did she move away from him. (Passage A, Unit1)

Q: Q: Why did she move away from him when in Why did she move away from him when in fact she was attracted to him?fact she was attracted to him?

A: A: She was a respectable woman and she resisted the temptation with efforts.

Questions Questions

& Answers& Answers

Text UnderstandingText Understanding

1.1.“my statement” in line 4 is … ?“my statement” in line 4 is … ?

2. What was the basic social change?What was the basic social change?

A family consists of a husband, a wife and children.

Marriage and having kids were now irrelevant.

3. Does the author agree with the idea of basic social change ?

4.The author thinks both marriage and The author thinks both marriage and family have nothing to do with happiness.family have nothing to do with happiness.True or False?True or False?

No, he doesn’t.

False. He is arguing that marriage and family do not involve happiness alonebut more than happiness.

5.“involve” in line 12 can be replaced by 5.“involve” in line 12 can be replaced by “include”. Do you think so? “include”. Do you think so?

6.The new Love family _______.6.The new Love family _______.

A. establishes a permanent relationship A. establishes a permanent relationship

among members among members

B. tends to neglect its obligations to B. tends to neglect its obligations to children children

Yes, I do.

Key: B

7. What does the author think of as 7. What does the author think of as the guarantee for the raising of the guarantee for the raising of children? children?

He thinks of marriage but not of love as the guarantee for the raising of children.

8.The classification takes everything 8.The classification takes everything into consideration except _________.into consideration except _________.

A.A. the possible makeup of a family.the possible makeup of a family.B.B. the benefit of children.the benefit of children.

Key: B

False. The author thinks family exists not only by love, but more by long-term obligations and responsibilities that come alongwith marriage.

9. The author agrees with the idea that a 9. The author agrees with the idea that a

family exists only by virtue of bonds of family exists only by virtue of bonds of affection. True or false?affection. True or false?

10.With the fading of burning passion 10.With the fading of burning passion between husband and wife, both sidesbetween husband and wife, both sidesshould ________.should ________.

A.A. turn to their children for help.turn to their children for help.B.B. think more about their children.think more about their children.

Key: B

1) It destroys the stability, security, and continuity that children need.2)It damages the natural link between father and children and replaces it with one of regulated, arranged visits.3) It removes …4) It places …

11.Divorce brings many negative 11.Divorce brings many negative effects to children. List at least two.effects to children. List at least two.

12.12. The writer’s attitude towards the new The writer’s attitude towards the new Love Family is critical or approval? Love Family is critical or approval?

Key: Critical.

LANGUAGE POINTS

1. 近年来，她一再受到抑郁症的侵扰。1.近年来，她一再受到抑郁症的侵扰。1. In recent years, she has been subjected to

attacks of depressions.

1. In recent years, she has been subjected to

attacks of depressions.

1.subject… to: (usu. passive) make sb. expusu. passive) make sb. experience sth. unpleasant (erience sth. unpleasant ( 常用被动形式常用被动形式 ) ) 使遭遇使遭遇 (( 不愉快之事不愉快之事 ))

例句例句

2. 他们长时间受着不公正的待遇。2. 他们长时间受着不公正的待遇。2. They have been subjected to unjust

treatment for a long time.

2. They have been subjected to unjust

treatment for a long time.

2. 他总是听到一点点批评就生气。2. 他总是听到一点点批评就生气。2. He always takes offence at the slightest

criticism.

2. He always takes offence at the slightest

criticism.

1. 如果你早走的话，你父母会见怪的。1.如果你早走的话，你父母会见怪的。1. Your parents will take offence if you leave

early.

1. Your parents will take offence if you leave

early.

2.take offense: feel upset or insulted feel upset or insulted 生气生气，见怪，见怪

例句例句

3.比较

consist of be made up of constitute

2. 这树干中间是空的。2. 这树干中间是空的。2. The tree trunk was hollow inside.2. The tree trunk was hollow inside.

1. 他们的好意会变成现实还是成为空话？1.他们的好意会变成现实还是成为空话？1. Will their good intentions become realities

or hollow promises?

1. Will their good intentions become realities

or hollow promises?

4.hollow: a. 1. (of situations, feelings or wo1. (of situations, feelings or words) lacking value; not true or sincere rds) lacking value; not true or sincere 无价值的无价值的 , , 空洞的空洞的 , , 虚伪的 虚伪的 2. having a2. having an empty space inside n empty space inside 中空的中空的 , , 空心的空心的例句例句

比较比较hollow, empty, blank, vacant

这四个词都可以表示“空的”。 hollow 意为里面有一个空洞，如： A hollow tree is one in which the inside has rotted away, leaving the trunk empty. empty 指中间空无一人或一物，如： The house was empty when the fire broke out. blank 指表面上空无一物或者一片空白，如： a blank page in a book. vacant 侧重于表示里面没有人，未被人占用的，也可以指心灵空虚的，其反义词为 occupied, 如： A vacant house is unoccupied, with no one living in it, though it may have furniture.

hollow, empty, blank, vacant这四个词都可以表示“空的”。 hollow 意为里面有一个空洞，如： A hollow tree is one in which the inside has rotted away, leaving the trunk empty. empty 指中间空无一人或一物，如： The house was empty when the fire broke out. blank 指表面上空无一物或者一片空白，如： a blank page in a book. vacant 侧重于表示里面没有人，未被人占用的，也可以指心灵空虚的，其反义词为 occupied, 如： A vacant house is unoccupied, with no one living in it, though it may have furniture.

5.guarantee: v. promise with certainty promise with certainty 保保证证 ,, 担保 担保 n. n. 1. a thing that makes sth. c1. a thing that makes sth. certain to happen or be the case ertain to happen or be the case 保证 保证 2. a 2. a formal declaration that sth. will be done, eformal declaration that sth. will be done, esp. a written agreement by the maker of asp. a written agreement by the maker of an article to repair or replace it within a cen article to repair or replace it within a certain period of time rtain period of time 保证保证 ;; （尤指）商品（尤指）商品使用保证书使用保证书

2. 无法保证明天将会有个好天气。2. 无法保证明天将会有个好天气。2. There is no guarantee that it will be nice

weather tomorrow.

2. There is no guarantee that it will be nice

weather tomorrow.

3. 制造商必须免费修理这块手表 — 它尚在保修期内。

3. 制造商必须免费修理这块手表 — 它尚在保修期内。

3. The manufacturer will have to repair that watch free of charge — it’s still under guarantee.

3. The manufacturer will have to repair that watch free of charge — it’s still under guarantee.

1. 我们不能保证我们的航班永远不会延误

。

1.我们不能保证我们的航班永远不会延误

。

1. We cannot guarantee that our flights will

never be delayed.

1. We cannot guarantee that our flights will

never be delayed.

例句例句

pursue happiness 追求幸福pursuing a goal 追求目标pursue peace 求和pursue pleasure 追求享乐pursue one’s studies 从事研究pursue a friendly policy 奉行友好政策

pursue happiness 追求幸福pursuing a goal 追求目标pursue peace 求和pursue pleasure 追求享乐pursue one’s studies 从事研究pursue a friendly policy 奉行友好政策

6.pursue: v. 1. try to achieve 追求 , 从事 2. follow or search for (sb./sth.) in order to catch or kill them 追赶 , 追击

搭配搭配

3. 我们对他们一贯奉行友好政策。3. 我们对他们一贯奉行友好政策。3. We have consistently pursued a friendly p

olicy towards them.

3. We have consistently pursued a friendly p

olicy towards them.

2. 她离开剧院时被新闻记者紧追不舍。2. 她离开剧院时被新闻记者紧追不舍。2. She left the theatre, hotly pursued by the

press.

2. She left the theatre, hotly pursued by the

press.

1. 他决心去海外求学。1.他决心去海外求学。1. He had set his heart on pursuing his

studies abroad.

1. He had set his heart on pursuing his

studies abroad.

例句例句

Meditations Derived from an OccurrenceMeditations Derived from an Occurrence

1. 简述某一故事 /事故 /经历1. 简述某一故事 /事故 /经历2. 分析其意义 /原因 /影响2. 分析其意义 /原因 /影响3. 提出合理的建议3. 提出合理的建议

（夹叙夹议类）写作模式参考范文

WritingWriting

（划线部分可替换）

写作模式（夹叙夹议类）

1) The story/accident/occurrence took place one day when… 2) As…, … so… that... 3) But… in time to… 4) The enlightenment/insight gleaned from the occurrence— … —holds much significance for our reality ( 意义分析 ). 5) With an ever-surging wave of change, as we all know, our life is now being exposed to more… than ever. 6 ）Although…, for example, you still…7) Much evidence shows that many of us,

WritingWriting

（划线部分可替换）

(附加 ) 4) The lesson learned from the acc

ident is so distressing, but the most pressing fo

r us now is to get to its root. ( 原因分析 ) 5) Th

e primary cause for it, in my opinion, is… 6)

Another cause rests with…7) And above all,

… 8) So the best way to prevent such a traged

y is…

WritingWriting

（划线部分可替换）

dazzled with…, tend to…, only to…8) So the be

st way out of such a dilemma is…

9) To achieve that/make it, however, there is

much that must be done about… 10) The first t

hing of the first is…( 建议 I) 11) Then all ther

e is left with us is… ( 建议 II) 12) As long as…,

nothing will distract us away from…(结论句 )

WritingWriting

Meditations Derived from Mrs. Baroda’s Story

1) 简述巴罗达太太的故事。

2 ）分析其现实意义。

3 ）我们怎样应对诱惑？

A Song — Love StoryA Song — Love Story

What is true love? You What is true love? You may find the answer in may find the answer in

the coming song.the coming song.

Love Song

Writing--Meditations Derived from Mrs. Baroda’s Story

Review—Finish the Ex.