unit 1 ~ learning guide name: - bc learning...

BCLN PHYSICS 11 - Rev. Sept/2013

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Unit 1 ~ Learning Guide Name: ______________________________

Instructions: Using a pencil, complete the following notes as you work through the related lessons. Show ALL work as is explained in the lessons. You are required to have this package completed BEFORE you write your unit test. Do your best and ask questions if you don’t understand anything!

Scientific Notation:

1. Why was scientific notation invented?

2. Do an Internet or book search and find something in your universe that is represented by a REALLY small number. a) What is it that is being described?

b) Show the value in scientific notation: ____________________

c) Show the value in regular notation: ____________________

3. Do an Internet or book search and find something in your universe that is represented by a REALLY large number. a) What is it that is being described?

b) Show the value in scientific notation: ____________________

c) Show the value in regular notation: ____________________

4. Convert the following to scientific notation in standard form. a) 34674 ________________

b) .000235 ________________

c) -2300000 ________________

d) -.0000150 ________________

e) 0.00750 ________________


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5. Round the following to the number of figures shown and convert to scientific notation in standard form.

a) 634000 round to 2 sig figs ________________

b) 0.00345 round to 2 sig figs ________________

c) 298.76 round to 1 sig figs _________________

6. Indicate the number of significant figures in the number given (ans.

a) 120000 _______ b) 32100.0 _______ c) .00123 _______ d) 0.20040 _______ e) 730.01 _______ f) 0.0300 _______ g) 7.590 x 103 _______ h) 9 x 10-4 _______

7. Ensure you can use your calculator to easily acquire the given results (use EE or EXP button if

available.

a. (5.98 x 1024 kg ) (7.35 x 1022 kg) = _______________

b. (5.98 x 1024 kg ) / (7.35 x 1022 kg) = _______________

Significant Figures:

1. What is the main purpose for learning about significant figures in science and/or technology

courses?

2. Students sometimes get confused between the terms "scientific notation" and "significant figures." Figure out a way that will ensure you don't get confused between the two. Describe your method below. (HINT: define notation, define significant).


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3. Suppose that three people were told to determine the length of a piece of wood and were given a tape measure whose smallest markings were at 0.1 centimeter intervals.

They report the following values:

Person Value measured for length

1 11.6 cm

2 11.6283476 cm

3 11.63 cm

Who is documenting this measurement correctly? The correct question is "who

recognizes the questionable digit and documented accordingly?" Justify your answer.

4. What is your best score on the Sig Fig “Bomb Game” (include level and score).


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5. Evaluate the following and use the correct number of significant figures in your answer (Show all work)

a. 2.35 cm x 4.6 cm

__________

b) 4/3 (3.14159)(4.7 in)3

__________

c)

m

mm

4.3

2.325.1

__________

d) hr

km

5.24

00000012.03356000000

__________

e) 2301cm + 834.12cm + 9.0cm

__________

6. Summarize the difference between the rules for significant figures when adding/subtracting and when multiplying/dividing?


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Equation Solving:

1. Solve for x in the following equations (show all work):

a. 2 = 5 + x ans. -3

__________

b. 19 = 2x + 7 ans. 6

__________

c. 3 – 5x = 14 ans. -2.2

__________

d. 2

5x

ans. 10

__________

2. Rearrange the equation, solving for the variable shown (clearly show all steps).

a. Solve for Q1where 2

21

r

QkQF

b. Solve for "t" where d = ½at2


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c. Solve for vo where tvv

dfo

2

d. Solve for "a" where vf2 = vi

2 + 2ad

e. Solve for df where vd d

t t

f i

f i

f. Solve for m where E mghp

g. Solve for m where E mvk 1

2

2


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h. Solve for ti where vd d

t t

f i

f i

i. Solve for vo where 2

2

1attvd o

j. Solve for vi where vf2 = vi

2 + 2ad

k. Solve for vf where tvv

dfo

2

l. Solve for v where E mvk 1

2

2


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Trigonometry:

1. Solve the following triangles using SOHCAHTOA and Pythagoras. Show all work.

a) In the figure below, the 4.0 meter ladder is making a 60. degree angle with the ground. How high does the ladder reach? How far is the base of the ladder from the wall?

h = ____________

b = ____________

b) In the figure below, the 4.0 meter is reaches only 1.5 meters up the wall. How far is the base of the ladder from the wall? What is the angle the ladder makes with the ground?

b = ____________

= ____________


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c) Solve for x, y, and A.

x = ____________

y = ____________

A = ____________

d) Solve for R and ɵ.

R = ____________

= ____________

e) Solve for R and ɵ.

BC = ____________

Total Height = ____________


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Units of Measure:

1. Unit conversions (show all work – lay out in brackets, same as lesson examples)

a. 2.67 hours into seconds b. 80. km/hr to m/s

c. 34 km into meters

d. 1.0 day into seconds

e. 12 hours into seconds

f. 100. km/hr into m/s

g. 40 km/hr into m/s

h. 12 m/s into km/hr

i. 200 g into kg

j. 10 kg into grams


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2. We can only add and subtract numbers in Physics if they have the same units. For example I can

add 5.0m to 12m to get 17m but I cannot add 5.0m to 10m/s. You cannot add a velocity (10m/s)

to a distance (5m) and get anything meaningful. Use dimensional analysis to ensure that the

kinematic equations shown below adhere to this rule. (Note: it does not matter at this stage if

you understand the physics behind the equations). The units for each variable are given. The

first one is done for you.

Variable Units

d m

vi m/s

vf m/s

a m/s2

t s

a. vf = vi + at

vf = vi + at

Step 1: replace each variable with units only [m/s] = [m/s] + [m/s2][s]

Step 2: cancel and simplify where possible [m/s] = [m/s] + [m/s2][s]

Step 3: compare resulting terms (same?) [m/s] = [m/s] + [m/s]

Conclusion: Since each term has the units of m/s, the equation is likely valid.

b. v = dt

conclusion: valid / invalid (circle one)

c. d = vt


d. d = vit + ½at2 (remember that the ½ doesn’t have a unit so isn’t considered)



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Graphing Data:

1. Describe how you can recognise a positive vs. a negative vs a zero slope on a graph. Sketch

and explain.

2. What does a y-intercept on a graph represent?

3. Describe each letter in the equation y=mx+b.

4. What type of graph does y=mx+b represent? How do you recognize a graph that can be

represented by it?

5. How do you determine the units of a y-intercept from a graph? Provide an example.

6. How do you determine the units of slope from a graph? Provide an example.


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7. Find the slope and y-intercept of the following lines, then answer with the resulting equation of

the line in y=mx + b format. Show work for slope calculation.

a)

_________________

b)

_________________

c)

_________________


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8. Suppose that the water level of a river is 34 meters and that it is receding at a rate of 0.50

meters per day. Write an equation for the water level, L, after d days. In how many days will

the water level be 26 meters? (include units for everything)

9. A plumber charges $25 for a service call plus $50 per hour of service. Write an equation in

slope-intercept form for the cost, C, after h hours of service. (include units for everything)

10. A runner gets a 30.0 meter head-start then runs 5.0 km/hr. Write an equation (in base SI units)

which will represent the runners distance from the start line at any second. (include units)

11. A car begins at a speed of 20. m/s then increases its speed by 2.0 m/s each second. Write an

equation that represents the speed of the car as a function of time. (include units)


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Answers:

Scientific Notation:

4) 3.4674x104, 2.35x10-4, -2.3x106, -1.50x10-5, 7.50x10-3 5) 6.3x105, 3.5x10-3, 3x102 6) 2,6,3,5,5,3,4,1

7) 4.40 x 1047, 81.4

Significant Figures:

1) communication (expand) 3) Person3 5) 11cm2, 430in3, -1.2m, 160km/hr, 3144cm

Equation Solving:

1) -3, 6, -2.2, 10 (all work shown)

2) a) 2

2

1kQ

FrQ b)

a

dt

2 c)

t

tvdv

f

o

2 d)

d

vva

if

2

22

e) divtvtd iff

f) gh

Em

p g)

2

2

v

Em k h)

v

ddivtT

ff

i

i)

t

atd

v

2

02

1

j) √

k) t

tvdv o

f

2 l)

m

Ev k2

Trigonometry:

1) a) h=3.5 m, b=2.0 m b) b=3.7 m, =22 c) x=8.0, y=11, A=45° d) R=8.0, Ɵ=23° e) 26.7m, 28.2m

Units of Measure:

1)a)9600s B) 22 m/s C) 34000 m d) 86000 s e) 4.3x f) 27.7 m/s g) 11 m/s h) 43 km/h i) 0.2 kg

j) 10000 g

Graphing Data:

7) a) y=x+2(m=1, b=2) b) y=3x+1(m=3, b=1) c) y=-x+1, or y=-3/4x+1 8) L=-0.5d+34 , 16 days

9) C=50h+25 10) d=1.4t+30 11) v=2.0t+20

unit 1 ~ learning guide name: - bc learning...

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