Unit 2 Saving the Earth

Topic 2 All these problems are very serious.

Section D

Grammar

Indefinite Pronoun and Adverb

_______of us likes pollution.

Don’t spit ___________ in public.

_________ should care for wild animals and plant more trees.

We should do ___________ we can to protect the environment.

None

anywhere

Everyone

everything

Indefinite pronoun and adverb 不定代词和副词

一、构成。不定代词、副词是由 some, any, no, every 与 thing, one,body, where 等构成。E.g. something, someone, nowhere, anybody 等。二、用法。1 ．通常情况下 , 由 some, every 加后缀构成的不定代词、副词常用于肯定句；由 any 加后缀构成的不定代词、副词常用于疑问句、否定句中。E.g. You will find your bag somewhere. Can you hear anything? 2. 注意：当说话人希望得到肯定答复 , 或是表示建议、请求等意图时 ,something, somebody, someone 也可以用于疑问句中。当要表达“任何人；任何事物”时 ,anything, anybody, anyone 也可以用于肯定句中。E.g. Would you like something to drink? Anybody can do it except Tom.

1. —Which would you like to drink, tea or coffee? —________, thanks. I’m not thirsty. A. Either B. Neither C. Little D. Few 2. The students are doing some cleaning. Some are sweeping the floor, ________ are cleaning the desks and chairs. A. other B. the other C. another D. others 3. My parents are ________ doctors. A. both B. all C. either D. neither 4. There is ________ with my computer. Can you help me? A. wrong anything B. anything wrong C. wrong something D. something wrong5. The wind was blowing strongly. ________ people walked in the street. A. Little B. A little C. Few D. A few 6. Hurry up. There is ________ time left. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few

Functions

• ______ a result（结果） , a lot of rich land has changed _________ （变为） desert.

• Trees can stop the wind from ______ the earth _____(吹走） .

• We shouldn’t leave rubbish ___________(到处 ).

• All these problems are very serious,_____(所以 ) we must do something now.

into

blowing

away

here and there

so

As

water pollution

Imagine you are water.Please tell us your functions, problems

and wishes.

I’m water. I used to be …

Factories usually pour …

I wish human beings …

1a Read the passage and put the following paragraphs in the correct order.

( ) The sea seems to have the best answer. There is plenty of water in the sea. But we need to take the salt away from the sea water. This is very expensive. If scientists can find cheaper ways to do it, we can solve the problem of the shortage of water.

( ) How can we avoid a serious water shortage? First, we should save water and not waste it. Second, we should protect our water resources and not pollute them. Third, we should discover ways to reuse water. Scientists have made some progress in this field. Today, some large cities are reusing their water. But people’s need for water is increasing day by day. We still don’t have enough water. What else can we do?

( ) Although the world is hungry, it is even thirstier. While nearly ¾ of the earth is covered with water, we are still short of drinking water. This is because about 97% of the water on the earth is sea water. So we can’t use it for watering plants or drinking directly. Humans can only drink and use fresh water from places including rivers, lakes and underground.

名词

avoid 代词

动名词

v. 防止，避免

v. 发现，找到

e.g. He avoided answering my questions.

不定式不可以做宾语。

1. How can we avoid a serious water shortage? 我们如何避免水资源短缺呢？

2….we should discover ways to reuse water. 我们需要找到再利用水的方法。

thirsty adj. 缺水的 ; （口）渴的

nearly adv. 几乎，将近nearly 与 almost 区别 ：

almost 多表示时间、程度、距离、进度， 且 almost 可以修饰 more than, too, nothing, nobody, nowhere, no one, none, never 等词， nearly 则不行。 nearly 只与 not 连用。

e.g. I have almost never seen him.

I nearly didn’t hear what the teacher said in class.

3.Although the world is hungry, it is even thirstier

虽然世界是饥饿的，但是他更渴。

4.While nearly ¾ of the earth is covered with water , we are still short of drinking water. 尽管地球差不多四分之三都被水覆盖，我们仍然缺少饮用水。

1b Read 1a again and answer the questions. 1.Why is our world thirsty when ¾ of the earth is covered with water ?

2. What can we do now to avoid the water shortage?

Because about 97% of the water on the earth is sea water, we can’t use it for watering plants or drinking directly.

First, we should save water and not waste it. Second, we should protect our water resources and not pollute them. Third, we should discover ways to reuse water.

3.What will be the best way to solve the problem in the future in the passage?

4.Do you know any other ways to solve the problem? What is

it?

To find cheaper ways of taking the salt away from the sea water.

2 Discuss in groups different ways of protecting and saving water. Write down the key information.

Example:

1. Pass laws( n. 法律 ) against water pollution.

2. Collect and reuse waste water.

… …

3. Write a proposal about saving water

to all the students in your school.

My dear friends,

Water is very important to human beings. Let’s do something to protect and save it.

First, ________ .

Second,_________.

Third, _________.

Let’s try our best to save water and our planet.

_____________

My dear friends,

Water is very important to human beings. Let’s do something to protect and save it.

First, we should protect our water resources and not pollute them. The government should also pass laws against the water pollution. Second, we should save water in our daily life, turn off the taps in time, take a shower instead of a bath, and always remember to collect and reuse water. Third, let’s try to spread the message about protecting and saving water. Make more people around us know the problem of water shortage and how to help solve it.

Let’s try our best to save water and our planet.

Student Union

You can write it like this.

Making Posters About Natural Resources

1. Divide the class into several groups: Water Group, Tree Group, Soil Group …

2. Each group should discuss their own uses, the problems that they face and their wishes. Then give a report in class. Example:

Uses: I am soil. Plants can’t grow without me. People use me to make many things …

Problems: Sometimes people use too many chemicals in the fields. What’s worse, they put waste into the land … So I’m hurt. Please help me.

Wishes: I hope human beings can protect and take care of me. And then I

could do more useful things for them… 3. Make some posters with the result.

1. If we want to use the sea water, we must ______ ___( 拿走） the salt from the sea water.

2. How can we _________( 避免 ) a serious water shortage?

3. We should __________( 找到 ) ways to reuse water.

4. People’s need for water is increasing ____________( 一天天 ).

5. Although the world is hungry, it is even ______( 更渴的 )

6. While ___________( 几乎，差不多 )¾ of the earth is covered with water, we are still short of drinking water.

take away

avoid

discover

day by day

thirstier

nearly

We learn: 1. some words: avoid, discover, thirsty, nearly, law 2. some phrases: day by day, be short of 3. some sentences: (1)But people’s need for water is increasing day by day. (2)While nearly ¾ of the earth is covered with water, we are still short of drinking water.We can: 1.Talk about ways of saving water. 2.Summarize and use the indefinite pronoun and adverb correctly. 3. Write a proposal.

Summary

Assignment• Read 1a.

• Review the useful expressions and key sentences which we learn in this topic.

• Preview Section A in Topic 3.