unit 3 - kerala · 2014-08-22 · 167 b£-¨-vo t‡-yp yœl 1 axœ ˛ 3, u˚z v rœkr yiqels...
TRANSCRIPT
165
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
ø¨u± Cq‹XLm CVeLÙRpXYÙ! YÙ≤≠⁄k’˘TnŸm U˚Z LÙQd LÙQj RÆhPÙ AZœ. U˚Z´pÆ˚[VÙP Æ⁄lT™pXÙ œZk˚RLs EiPÙ?AYoL[’ Et\ Æ˚[VÙh”j ˙RÙZ]Ù°V U˚Z˙VÍu\Ùm AX°u UVdL⁄j’.
U˚Zd LÙh£Lfim ø¨u TVuLfim Tt±VL⁄j’⁄YÙœm YiQm CqYXœm ˘NVpTÙ”Lfim©u]lTh”s[].
AXœ 3
U˚Z
ClTÙPjßu YÙ´XÙL A±ÿLUÙœm...
˘NÙtLs : C•, U˚Z, RY˚[, ™u]p,Nu]p, DWm, ˘N•
E´˘W›j’Ls : C, D˘Un˘V›j’ : u, s, o, fE´o ˘Un G›j’Ls : ], [, W, NJ≠j ’˚Qd œ±¬”Ls : ˘#
6, 7, 8, 9 GiL˚[d L˚XYÙQ≤u L]‹UÙLj RÙPoT”jßd L˚RVÙLlTÙPlTœß´p RWlTh”s[’. Jq˘YÙu\ÙL Cq˘YiL˚[ A±ÿLlT”jR˙Yi”m. 1 ÿRp 5 Y˚W´¤s[ GiL˚[ J⁄ œ›Æu Gi¶d˚LVÙL A±ÿLlT”jß˙]Ùm. A˙R˙TÙp 6 Gi¶d˚LŸs[ J⁄œ›Æu ˘TV˙W 6 Gu\ ÿ˚\´p Ce˙L A±ÿLm ˘NnV ˙YiPÙm.5 + 1 = 6 Gu\ ÿ˚\´p Ceœ A±ÿLm ˘NnV ˙YiPÙm. C˚Rl©u]o TÙodLXÙm.
AXœ ˛ 3, U
˚Z
B£
-¨-V
o T‡
-Yp
Yœ
l◊ 1
166
v LXk’˚WVÙP≠p Te˙LtTRu
ÍXm R]’ A‡TYj˚R ˘Y∞
´P CV¤m.
v œ›YÙLl TÙ”m ˙TÙ’ TÙP≠u
C≤˚U ·”°\’.
v J˙W TÙP˚X Tp˙Yfl ˘Uh”d
L∞p TÙP CV¤m.
v Lt\ G›j’L˙[Ù” C˚Qk’
Y⁄m ◊ßV G›j’L˚[ EfN¨l
©u A•lT˚P´p C]m LÙQ
XÙm.
v Lt\ G›j’L˚[ RœkR ÿ˚\
´p C˚Qj’l ◊ßV NÙtL˚[
E⁄YÙdL CV¤m.
v TPeL∞u A•lT˚P´p L˚R
´u ÿ•Æ˚] F°j’f ˘NÙpX
XÙm.
v ˘UÙØ Æ˚[VÙh”L∞p D”T”
Y’ CuTm R⁄m NVXÙœm.
v LXk’˚WVÙPp YÙ´XÙL R]’A‡TYj˚Rd ·fl°\ÙoLs.
v œ›YÙL‹m, R≤VÙL‹m TÙP˚XTÙ”°\ÙoLs.
v Tp˙Yfl UhP˚Uj’l TÙ”°\ÙoLs..
v Lt\ G›j’dL˙[Ù” C˚Qk’ Y⁄m◊ßV G›j’L˚[ C]m LÙi°\ÙoLs..
v Lt\ G›j’dL˚[l TVuT”jß ◊ßV˘NÙtL˚[ E⁄YÙdœ°\ÙoLs.
v L˚R ·fl°\ÙoLs.
v Æ”L˚R Æ˚[VÙh”L∞p D”T”°\Ùu. Æ˚PL˚[d Li”©•j’d·fl°\ÙoLs.
LXk’˚WVÙPp
TÙ”Rp
˘UhP˚UjRp
˘NÙtL˚[ YhP™”Rp (C•, ™u]p,˘N•, RY˚[, DWm)
◊ßV NÙtLs (Dh•, C˚X,)
L˚R
Æ”L˚R
TÙPY˚XfNhPm AXœ 3 U˚Z (R™r)
L⁄j’Ls ˘UÙØ Y∞¬h” Y•YeLs ÿRu˚Ud Lt\p A˚P‹Ls
G›j’Ls / UÙØd·flLs
167
B£
-¨-V
o T‡
-Yp
Yœ
l◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U
˚Z
v RœkR YiQeLs æh”m ˙TÙ’
TPeLs AZLÙLj RÙuflm.
v Lt\ G›j’dLs Y⁄m ◊ßV
˘NÙtLs APe°V YÙd°VeL˚[
YÙ£dL CV¤m.
„r®˚X´Vp
TPm Y˚WRp
YÙ£l◊
L⁄j’Ls ˘NVpß\uLs ÿRu˚Ud Lt\p A˚P‹Ls
v U˚Z ˘TnYRtœ ÿu BLÙVj
ßp TX UÙt\eLs HtT”°u\].
v U˚Z TnŸm TÙ’ —tflf„Z≠p
Tp˙Yfl UÙt\eLs HtT”°u\].
v U˚Zd LÙXjßtœm Y´p LÙXj
ßtœm TX YflTÙ”Ls Es[].
v —tfll◊\j˚R Etfl˙SÙd° U˚Zd
LÙXjßp HtT”m UÙt\eL˚[d
·\ CV¤m.
v U˚Zd LÙXjßp øo ®˚XLs
®Wm© YØ°u\].
LXk’˚WVÙPp
LXk’˚WVÙPp, EtfldLY≤jRp
TPeL˚[ EtfldLY≤jRp,LXk’˚WVÙPp.
LXk’˚WVÙPp, EtfldLY≤jRp
LXk’˚WVÙPp, EtfldLY≤jRp
v U˚Z ˘TnYRtœ ÿu BLÙVjßpHtT”m UÙt\eLs ˘RÙPoTÙ]LXk’˚WVÙP≠p Te˙Lt°\ÙoLs.
v U˚Z ˘TnŸm˙TÙ’ —tflf„Z≠pHtT”m UÙt\eL˚[d ·fl°\ÙoLs..(C•, ™u]p, LÙtfl)
v LXk’˚WVÙP≠p Te˙LtflL⁄j’dL˚[ Y∞´”°\ÙoLs.
v TPeLs, —tfll◊\j˚R Etfl˙SÙd°U˚ZLÙXjßp HtT”m UÙt\eL˚[d·fl°\ÙoLs. (˘N• ÿ˚[jRp,˘N•L∞u T—˚U, Ui)
v LXk’˚WVÙPp YÙ´XÙL U˚ZLÙXeL∞p øo ®˚XL∞p HtT”mUÙt\eL˚[d ·fl°\ÙoLs.
v TPm Y˚Wk’ YiQm æh”°\ÙoLs.
v Lt\ G›j’dL˚[l TVuT”jßE⁄YÙd°V YÙ£l◊ Tœß˚V NW[UÙLYÙ£d°\ÙoLs.
AXœ ˛ 3, U
˚Z
B£
-¨-V
o T‡
-Yp
Yœ
l◊ 1
168
L¶Rm
L⁄j’Ls ˘NVpß\uLs ÿRk˚Ud Lt\p A˚P‹Ls
v œ›Æp GjR˚] Ei” Gu
\±V Gi¶lTÙodL ˙Yi
”m.
v Bfl, H›, Gh”, JuT’ Gu
T˚R 6, 7, 8, 9 Gu\ Gi‘⁄
TVuT”jß G› RXÙm.
v GiL˚[ ˘T¨V’, £±V’
Gufl Y¨˚NlT”jR ÿ•Ÿm.
Æ˚[VÙh”, LXk’˚WVÙPpYÙ´XÙL‹m S˚Pÿ˚\f „Z≠pTe˙Ltfl œ±l©hP Gi¶d˚LŸs[ ˘TÙ⁄hL˚[ Gi¶ G”d°u\]o.
L˚R, Æ˚[VÙh” YÙ´XÙLS˚Pÿ˚\l ©WfN˚]L˚[lTt±d LXk’˚WVÙ•Ÿm 6 ÿRp 9Y˚W´XÙ] GiL˚[ G›R‹mYÙ£dL‹m ˘Nn°u\]o.
S˚Pÿ˚\f „Z≠p Te˘L”j’ 1ÿRp 9 Y˚W´XÙ] GiL˚[Jl©h”l TÙod°u\]o.
v œ›Æ≠⁄k’ œ±l©hP Gi¶d
˚L´¤s[ TÙ⁄hL˚[ Gi¶
G”d°u\]o. (1 ÿRp 9 Y˚W)
v 6 ÿRp 9 Y˚W´XÙ] Gi‘⁄d
L˚[ G›R‹m YÙ£dL‹m ˘Nn
°u\]o.
v 1 ÿRp 9 Y˚W´XÙ] GiL˚[
Jl©h”l TÙod°u\]o.
169
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
L˚RdL[m
ERÆd LWeLsYœl◊ 1
U˚Z
AXÏ þ 3
®Lr‹
1
TÙPlT
ϧ
L˚R˙
VÙh
Pm
L˚R˙
VÙh
Pm
TÙPlT
ϧ
®Lr‹
2
J⁄ œ[jßp B˚UŸm RY˚[Ÿm Y£j’ YkR]. A˚Y
CWi”m ˘S⁄e°V SiToLs. œ[j’ ø¨p ’s∞dœßj’
Æ˚[VÙ•l TÙ›˚Rd LØjR]. B]Ùp œ[jßp SÙfidœSÙs
øo œ˚\k’ ˘LÙi˙P YkR’. œ˚\YÙ] RiΩ¨p
Æ˚[VÙ”Y’ £WUUÙL C⁄kR’. œ[m Yt±Æ”˙UÙ G] A˚Y
TVkR]. Gl˙TÙ’ U˚Z Y⁄˘Uufl A˚Y BY˙XÙ”
LÙjß⁄kR]. Al˙TÙ’ J⁄SÙs...
YÙ≤p ULm ßWiP’. YÙ˚PdLÙtflm ≈£V’. ™u]p ™u≤
U˚\kR’. C•´u NlRm LÙ˚Rl ©[kR’. C⁄h” Geœm
TPokR’. U˚ZY⁄YRtLÙ] A˚PVÙ[eLs ˘RuThP].
œ[jßp ¡uLs ’s∞fNÙ•]. UÙuLs ’s∞ K•]. UWm N•Ls
B•]. U˚Z ˘TnVj ˘RÙPe°V’. B˚UŸm RY˚[Ÿm
U˚Z´p S˚]kRT•˙V TÙ• U°rkR].
A˚PU˚Z ÆPÙUp ˘Tn’ ˘LÙi•⁄kR’. „¨Vu
˙ULeLfidœ C˚P˙V U˚\k’ LÙiP’. F˚[´”m LÙt±p
UWeLs R˚Xƨj’ B•]. œ∞WÙp B˚UŸm RY˚[Ÿm
S”e°]. T\˚YLs C˚W RP CVXÙUp UWjß˙X˙V A˚Pk’
°PkR]. T—˚UVÙ] ˘N•Lfim ◊tLfim Y[Wj˘RÙPe°] J⁄
YØVÙL ...
œ[m ®˚\Vj ˘RÙPe°V’. œ[jßp RÙU˚Wd ˘LÙ• TPok’
Y[okR’. RÙU˚W C˚XLs RiΩ¨p ™RkR]. RÙU˚Wd
˘LÙ•L∞p ˘UÙh”Ls ˘UpXj R˚X Ád°]. £X ˘UÙh”Ls
UXok’ RÙU˚Wl ÈdLs £¨jR]. U˚Z J⁄ YØVÙL KnkR’.
RY˚[ U°rkR’. RY˚[Ÿm B˚UŸm RÙU˚WlÈ˚Yl T±j’
Æ˚[VÙ•]. Si”m AYoLfiPu ˙Nok’ ˘LÙiP’.
Æ˚[VÙh” RÙPokR’.
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
170
L˚R˙
VÙh
Pm
TÙPl
Tϧ
®Lr‹
3
""œ[jßp Æ˚[VÙ•V’ TÙ’m YÙ⁄eLs L˚Wdœf NpXXÙm''
B˚U A˚ZjR’. RY˚[Ÿm Si”m NmUßjR]..... œ[dL˚W´p
Y¨˚NVÙL UWeLs ®u±⁄kR]. £X UWeL∞p ÈdLs
Èj’dœ¤e°]. Sp≠ UWjßp HWÙ[m Sp≠dLÙnLs LÙnj’d
˘RÙe°]. £X ∏˙Z Æ›k’ £R±d°PkR]. ""˘Sp≠dLÙn
˘TÙfld° Æ˚[VÙPXÙm'' B˚U A˚ZjR’. A˚Y Íuflm
˘Sp≠dLÙnL˚[l ˘TÙfldLj ˘RÙPe°]. ""I˙VÙ Ae˙L
TÙ⁄eLs J⁄ £flYu T”j’d°Pd°\Ùu''. RY˚[ AX±V’.
Íuflm £flYu A⁄˙L ˘Nu\]; J⁄ UWjßtœl ©u]Ùp
J∞k’ LÙiP].
SiToLs Y⁄YRtœ ÿu˙T œ[dL˚Wdœ YkR L˚XYÙQu
UWjR•´p T”j’ E\e° ÆhPÙu. E\dLjßp TXÆRUÙ]
L]‹Ls LiPÙu. AY]’ SiToLs Y⁄YRÙL‹m
AYoLfiPu ˙Nok’ TÙ• Æ˚[VÙ”YRÙL‹m AYu L]‹
Li” ˘LÙi•⁄kRÙu. ˘Sp≠dLÙn UWjßu A•´p Æ›k’
°PkR ˘Sp≠dLÙnL˚[l ˘TÙfld°j R]’ SiToLfidœd
˘LÙ”lT’ TÙX‹m L]‹ YkR’. ߺ˘Wufl AY]’ R˚X´p
J⁄ Sp≠dLÙn Æ›kR’. ""I˙VÙ! AmUÙ!'' Gufl AX±VYÙfl
L˚XYÙQu G›kRÙu. Sp≠dLÙnL˚[l TÙfld°d LÙi”
≈h•tœf Nu\Ùu
L˚R˙
VÙh
Pm
TÙPlT
ϧ
L˚XYÙQu AX±V˚RdLiP B˚UŸm RY˚[Ÿm ˚L
˘LÙh•f £¨jR]. AYu Ae°⁄k’ ˘NuflÆhPRÙp A˚Y
¡i”m Æ˚[VÙPj ˘RÙPe°]. Al˙TÙ’ LÙtfl TXUÙL
≈£V’. RÙ¿d! Gu\ NjRm Lh” A˚Y ß⁄m©]. J⁄ TÙdœ
UWjßp C⁄k’ Uh˚P Æ›k’ °PkR’. BaÙ...! AZLÙ] TÙdœ
Uh˚P! YÙ⁄eLs TÙodLXÙm'' RY˚[ A˚ZjR’.
""TÙdœ Uh˚P´p H± EhLÙk’ Yi• C›j’ Æ˚[VÙPXÙm''.
B˚U ˘NÙu]’. ""˙YiPÙm, C’ TPœ ˙TÙp Es[’. TPœ
˘Nn’ Æ˚[VÙPXÙm'' B˚U NÙu]’. A˚Y œ[jßp TPœ
Æ˚[VÙh” Æ˚[VÙ•] œ[m ®Wm© YØkR’. SiToLs
BTj˚R EQWÆp˚X. LÙdœ A˚Rd LY≤jR’. CkRl TdLm
YWÙæeL!'' A’ AX±V’. B]Ùp ø˙WÙhPm TP˚L A•j’f
˘Nu\’. TPœ LÆrkR’.
®Lr‹
4
171
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
÷˚Z‹f NVpTÙ”Ls
œ[m L˚W Æ˚[VÙh”
YœlT˚\´p J⁄ YhPm Y˚WŸeLs œZk˚RLs
YhPjßtœ Y∞˙V ®tLh”m. "œ[m' Gufl ·flm˙TÙ’
YhPjßtœ Es˙[Ÿm "L˚W' Gufl ˘NÙp¤m˙TÙ’
YhPjßtœ ˘Y∞˙VŸm NÙPh”m. RY\Ù] ÿ˚\´p
NÙ•VYoLs Æ˚[VÙh•p C⁄k’ ˘Y∞˙Vt\lT”Yo.
Cflß´p J⁄Y˚W Uh”m Æ˚[VÙh•p Yt± Tt\RÙL
A±ÆdLXÙm ApXYÙ.
L˚R NÙpYÙVÙ?
˙SÙdLm :
] TÙPdL⁄jßtœd œZk˚RL∞u
LY]j˚Rj ß⁄l◊Rp
] FL YÙ£l◊
] Y¨Y•Ym G›’m ÿ˚\ A±Rp
u ""œ[jßp YÙ›m £X E´¨]eL˚[ EeLfidœ
A±ÿLm ˘Nn’ ˚Yd°˙\u'' Gufl ˘NÙp≠ ™u
]h˚P ˘NVpTÙh•u ÍXUÙLj RY˚[, B˚U
B°VYt˚\ A±ÿLm ˘NnRp
u œZk˚RLs B˚U, RY˚[ B°VYt±u
˘TVoL˚[d ·flm˙TÙ’ AYoL[’ ÿu≤˚X´p
T—mTX˚L´p G›’Rp
u " "B˚U Utflm RY˚[ ˘RÙPoTÙ] L˚RL˚[d
˙Lh•⁄d°»oL[Ù?'' Gufl Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”Rp.
u J⁄ £X⁄dœd L˚R ˘NÙpX YÙnlT∞jRp.
L˚R˙VÙhPm
˙SÙdLm :
] œZk˚RL∞u LY]j˚R J⁄ÿLlT”j’Rp
] TÙPlTœß˚Vl T•dœm BoYj˚Rj Ái”Rp
®Lr‹ ˛ 1
YÙ≤p ˙ULm ·”’
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
172
""B˚U Utflm RY˚[ ˘RÙPoTÙ] J⁄ L˚R˚Vd ·\h
”UÙ?'' Gufl ˙Lh”d L˚R˚Vd ·fleLs. Al˙TÙ’ J⁄
SÙs Gu] SPkR’ ˘R¨ŸUÙ?'' Gufl ˙Lh”d LXk’
˚WVÙ”eLs.
TPYÙ£l◊
˙SÙdLm :
] TÙPlTœß´p Es[ TPj˚R
Etfl˙SÙdœRp.
] TPjßp Es[ E´¨]eLs ®Lrf£Ls,
˘NVpLs ˙TÙu\Yt˚\ A˚PVÙ[m
LÙQ YÙnlT∞jRp.
u TPjßp Es[ E´¨]eLs G˚Y?
u B˚U S˚]VÙUp C⁄dL Gu] ˘Nn°\’?
u UÙuLs Gu] ˘Nn°u\]?
u ˘LÙdœ Ge˙L ®t°\’?
u RiΩ¨p YÙ›m E´¨]eLs G˚Y?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs.
TÙP˚X CWÙLj˙RÙ” TÙ”Rp
˙SÙdLm :
] C˚N˙VÙ” TÙ”Y˚Rd ˙Lh” CW£jRp.
] L⁄jR±k’ ˘Nn˚Ll TÙPXÙLl TÙ”Rp.
øeL˙[ J⁄ ˘UhP˚Uj’ K¨⁄ÿ˚\l TÙ• Jjß˚L
˘Nn’ ˘LÙsfieLs.
u ˘Uh•u A•lT˚P´p øeLs TÙPd œZk˚RLs
˙Nok’ TÙPh”m.
u œ›YÙLl TÙ•V ©u R≤VÙLl TÙ”YRtœ YÙnl
T∞dLXÙm.
u ˘Nn˚Ll TÙPXÙLl TÙ”YRtœm, TÙP¤dœ HtT
A˚N‹Ls SPj’YRtœm ERYXÙm.
EeLfidœ ©•jR Y¨ G’?
˙SÙdLm :
] R]dœ ©•jR Y¨˚Vd ·flRp.
BLÙ
BLÙ....!
I˙V
I˙V
.....!.
""SÙu
Cl-T-P
jß
p R
Y˚
[ E
s-[
’ G
ufl
˘NÙ
p-¤
-˙Y
u. RY
˚[
C⁄
k-
RÙp
øe
-Ls
"B
LÙ
BLÙ!' G
ufl
˘NÙp
X ˙
Yi
-”m
. C
p-X
Ù-Æh
-PÙp
"I˙V
I˙V
!' G
ufl
˘NÙ
pX
˙Y
i-”
m '' G
ufl
œZ
k-˚
R-L-∞
-Pm
·fl
e-
Ls
. ©
\œ
TP
j-ß
p C
⁄l-T-˚
R-Ÿ
m C
p-X
Ù-R-˚
R-Ÿ
m U
Ù± U
Ù±
˙Y
L-
UÙL
f ˘
NÙp
-¤e
-Ls
.
173
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
""ClTÙP≠p E]dœl ©•jR Y¨ G’?'' Gufl ˙Lh”d
œZk˚RLs ·flm Y¨L˚[l T—mTX˚L´p G›’eLs.
""Hu ©•jR’?'' Gufl ˙Lh” E˚WVÙ”eLs.
˘TÙ⁄jRUÙ] YÙ£l◊ EjßL˚[l TVuT”jß Aq
Y¨L˚[d œZk˚RLs YÙ£dL YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
AqY¨ TÙPË≠¤s[ TÙP≠p Geœs[’ Gufl LÙhP
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs (Geœ ˘RÙPe° Geœ ÿ•°\’ Gufl
—h•dLÙhPf NÙp¤eLs)
YhP™”˙YÙm YÙ£l˙TÙm
˙SÙdLm :
] œ±l©hP L⁄j˙RÙ” ˘RÙPo◊˚PV
˘NÙtL˚[ YhP™”Rp.
] YÙ£jRp.
u U˚Z˙VÙ” ˘RÙPo◊˚PV Gu˘]u] ˘NÙtLs
TÙP≠p Es[]? Gufl ˙Lh” œZk˚RLs ·flm
˘NÙtL˚[l T—mTX˚L´p G›’eLs.
u ˘TÙ⁄jRUÙ] YÙ£l◊ EjßL˚[l TVuT”jß
AYt˚\ YÙ£dL YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
u Af˘NÙtLs TÙP≠p Geœs[] Gufl
Li”©•j’ YhP™Pj Ái”eLs.
TPm TÙoj’ E˚WVÙ”eLs
˙SÙdLm :
] TPYÙ£l◊.
] LXk’˚WVÙPp.
] U˚Zdœ ÿu‡m ©u‡m HtT”m UÙt\eL˚[
A±Rp.
U˚Z Y⁄YRtœ ÿu‡m U˚Z TnŸm TÙ’m Sm˚Uf
—t± Gu˘]u] UÙt\eLs HtT”°u\]? Gufl ˙Lh”
LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs. ˘RÙPok’ TÙPËp TdLm 42˛Cp
Es[ TPj˚Rl TÙodLj Ái”eLs. œZk˚RLs
TPeL˚[ EtfldLY≤j’ U˚Z Y⁄YRtœ ÿu‡m U˚Z
˘TnŸm ˙TÙ’m HtT”m UÙt\eL˚[d ·\
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
TÙPl Tœß´¤s[ Æ]ÙdL˚[d ˙LfieLs. ∏rdLiP
YÙfl Th•V≠”eLs.
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G∞
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TPm TÙoj’ G›’eLs
˙SÙdLm :
] YÙd°Vj˚R ÿ›˚UlT”j’Rp
1. EeLs F¨p Gl˘TÙ›’ U˚Z˘TnR’? Gufl
˙Lh”d œZk˚RLs TßX∞jR ©u, Al˙TÙ’
u EeLs ˘R⁄Æp ˘TnRRÙ?
u EeLs Fod˙LÙ•´p C⁄dœm U˚X´p ˘TnRRÙ?
u EeLs ≈h•p ˘TnRRÙ?
u EeLs Fod œ[jßp ˘TnRRÙ?
u Adœ[jßp ®tœm UWjßp ˘TnRRÙ?
u AmUWjßp C⁄dœm C˚X´p ˘TnRRÙ?
u Aeœs[ ˘N•´p ˘TnRRÙ?
u ˘N•´p C⁄dœm C˚X´p ˘TnRRÙ?
u ˘N•´p C⁄dœm ÈÆp ˘TnRRÙ?
u ˘N•´p C⁄dœm LÙ´p ˘TnRRÙ?
Gufl RÙPok’ Lh”,
u GeLs ˘R⁄Æp U˚Z ˘TnR’
u GeLs Fod œ[jßp U˚Z ˘TnR’
u œ[jßp ®tœm UWjßp U˚Z ˘TnR’
u
u
Gufl ÿ› YÙd°Vjßp TßX∞dLj Ái”eLs.
2. œZk˚RLs ·±V YÙd°VeL˚[j L⁄mTX˚L´p
G›ß YÙ£dL YÙnlT∞ŸeLs. (˘N• ˘RÙPoTÙL
Y⁄m YÙd°VeL˚[d LhPÙVm G›’eLs)
3. TÙPlTœß´¤s[ TPm TÙoj’ G›’eLs.˘NVpTÙh˚Pd œZk˚RLs RÙUÙLf ˘NnV
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
4. ∏rdLÙ‘m ˘NÙpXh˚PL˚[l TVuT”jß
YÙd°VeLs E⁄YÙdL YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
U˚X´p C˚X´p ˘N•´p
U˚Z ˘TnR’.
U˚Zdœ ÿu
øX YÙ]m
T\˚YLs T\d°u\]
YÙ≤p „¨Vu Es[’
ThPm Ɣm TVu
U˚Z TnŸm TÙ’
C• C•d°\’
™u]p ™u‡°\’
LÙtfl ≈—°\’
C˚X Eßo°\’
T\˚Y ·h•p Es[’
U˚Z ˘Tn°\’
C•fNjRm ˙LhP’iPÙ?
C•fNjRm Lh”l TVkR’
EiPÙ?
C• C•dœm ˙TÙ’ AmUÙ
Gu] ˘NÙpYÙoLs?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”
AYWYo L⁄j˚Rd ·\
YÙnlT∞dL Yi”m.
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˙YflTÙ” A±k’ G›’˙YÙm
˙SÙdLm :
] Lt\ J≠j ’˚Qdœ±¬”L˚[ ˙Yfl E´o
˘Un˘V›j’dL∞p ˙Noj’ ◊ßV E´o˘Un
G›j’Ls E⁄YÙdœRp
] ◊ßV ˘NÙtL˚[ E⁄YÙdœRp
""SÙu Y˚WY’ Gu]?'' Gufl ˙Lh”d ˘LÙi˙P J⁄
˘N•´u TPm Y˚WŸeLs. AR]⁄°p œZk˚RLs ·flm
˘N•˚V G›’eLs. A˚R YÙ£dLj Ái”eLs.
˘RÙPok’ ˘N•´p Es[ •˛I AØj’ p G›’eLs.
˘Np Gufl YÙ£d°\ÙoL[Ù?
"˘Np' EPu Ko G›j˚Rf ˙NojRÙp J⁄ ˘Ti
œZk˚R´u ˘TVo °˚Pdœm Gufl ˘NÙp≠ ˘NpÆGu˘\›’eLs.
u SÙm LÙ≠p A¶Y’ G’?
u RiΩo G”dLl TVuT”Y’ G’?
u Cf˘NÙp≠p ˘RÙPeœm ÈdL˚[d ·\ ÿ•ŸUÙ?
˙TÙu\ Æ]ÙdL˚[d ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs.
L⁄mTX˚L´p G›ßŸs[,
˘N• ˘Np
˘NpÆ ˘N⁄l◊
˘Nm◊ ˘NqYkß
˘NkRÙU˚W
Cf˘NÙtL˚[ YÙ£l◊ EjßL˚[l TVuT”jß YÙ£j’d
LÙh”eLs.
CflßVÙLl TÙPl◊jRLjߤs[ ˘NVpTÙh˚Pd
œZk˚RLs RÙUÙLf ˘NnVf ˘NÙp¤eLs. ÿR≠p
˘NÙtL˚[d ·\ YÙnlT∞ŸeLs. ©u]o G›Rh”m.
œZk˚RLs G›ßV˚R YÙ£dL YÙnlT∞j’ NÙoh•p
G›’eLs. CqYÙfl Ù, ˘# Gu\ ’˚Q G›j’dLs
˙Noj’ G›R H’YÙ] ˘NÙp °˚Pdœm ˘TÙ›˘RpXÙm
CfNÙoh•p Noj’ G›’eLs. œZk˚RLs Gl˘TÙ›’m
TÙolTRtœ HtT Yœl©p ˘RÙeL Æ”eLs.
A±
ÿLU
Ùœm
J≠
j’
˚Q
dœ
±´
”
#
C’
Y˚
W Lt\
G›
j’
Ls
E⁄
Yٜ
m ◊
ßV
E´
o˘Un
˘V
›j’
Ls
T, U
, L, R
,Y
, X, N
˘T,
U,
L,
˘R,
Y,
X,
N
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ÿRp G›j˚R Aeœm Ceœm UÙt±]ÙpG›j’Ls CPm UÙ±]Ùp
˙SÙdLm ;
] ◊ßV ˘NÙtLs E⁄YÙdœRp
∏rdLÙ‘m G›jRh˚PL˚[j RVÙ¨dL ˙Yi”m.
R≤VÙL œ›YÙLf ˘NnYRtœ Ht\ Gi¶d˚L´p
G›jRh˚P C⁄dœUÙfl TÙoj’d ˘LÙsfieLs.
""SÙu ˘RÙPeLXÙm Gufl ·±V ©u]˙W Ah˚PL˚[jß⁄lT ˙Yi”m. Aߤs[ G›j’L˚[l TVuT”jßCVu\[‹ NÙp E⁄YÙdL Yi”m. øeLs E⁄YÙdœm˘NÙp˚X G›ßd ˘LÙs[ ˙Yi”m. VÙo / GkRd œ›ÿR≠p AßLUÙ] ˘NÙp˚X E⁄YÙdœ°\˙RÙ AY⁄dœ/ AkRd œ›Æt˙L ˘Yt±'' Gufl œ±l◊Ls ˘LÙ”j’œZk˚RLs ˘NÙp¤⁄YÙdLj Ái”eLs.
˙TÙh• ÿ•kR©u œZk˚RLs E⁄YÙd°V ˘NÙp˚XAYoLs ·\d L⁄mTX˚L´p G›’eLs. YÙ£dLYÙnlT∞ŸeLs. CflßVÙLl TÙPl◊jRLjߤs[ ˘NVpTÙh˚Pd œZk˚RLs RÙUÙLf ˘NnVh”m.
ÿRp G›j˚R UÙt±]Ùp˙SÙdLm :
] C]m LiP G›j’L˚[l TVuT”jßl ◊ßV
˘NÙtLs E⁄YÙdœRp
u TÙPlTœß´¤s[ Cf˘NVpTÙh˚Pd œZk˚RLs
RÙUÙLf ˘NnVj Ái”eLs.
u AYt˚\ Ußl©”eLs.
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Lh• LÙh• ˘Lh•
Uh˚P UÙh˚P˘Uh˚P
Th• TÙh• ˘Th•
Y• YÙ• ˘Y•
˛˛˛˛˛˛ ˛˛˛˛˛˛ ˛˛˛˛˛
˛˛˛˛˛˛ ˛˛˛˛˛˛ ˛˛˛˛˛
Uh• UÙh• ˘Uh•
∏rdLÙ‘m G›jRh˚Pj ˘RÙœl◊Ls RVÙ¨ŸeLs.
˘RÙœl◊ 1
G›jRh˚PLs E⁄YÙœm ˘NÙtLs
A•, B•,
C•, ©•,
L•, R•, U•
Cu]p,
™u]p,
©u]p,
Nu]p
C˚X, L˚X,
R˚X, Y˚X,
UÙ˚X, LÙ˚X
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u ˙R˚YVÙ] ˘RÙPo ˘NVpTÙ”Ls ßhP™h”
SPjR Cm Ußl¿” ’˚Q◊¨ŸUpXYÙ?
L˚P£ G›j˚R UÙt±]Ùp,˘TÙ⁄jRUÙ] CPjßp G›’eLs
˙SÙdLm :
] C]m LiP G›j’L˚[l TVuT”jß
◊ßV ˘NÙtLs E⁄YÙdœRp.
Cf˘NVpTÙ”L˚[ ≈h”lTÙPUÙLf ˘Nn’YWd œZk˚R
L˚[j Ái”eLs. AYt˚\ Ußl©h”j ˙R˚YVÙ]
˘RÙPo ˘NVpTÙ”Ls ˘LÙ”dL ˙Yi”m.
Æ”L˚Rdœ Æ˚P G›’eLs
˙SÙdLm :
] ˘UÙØ Æ˚[VÙh”L∞p D”T”Rp
] G∞V Æ”L˚RLfidœ Æ˚P ˘NÙp¤Rp/
G›’Rp
u ""SÙu ˙Lhœm Æ”L˚Rdœ Æ˚P ˘NÙpX ÿ•
ŸUÙ?'' Gufl NYÙp Æh” EeLs Yœl◊d œZk˚R
—XTUÙLd ·flYRt˙Lt\ G∞V Æ”L˚RL˚[d
˙LfieLs.
u ""C≤RÙu Ei˚UVÙ] ˙TÙh•. SÙu YÙ£dœm
Æ”L˚RLfidœ VÙo..... VÙo..... N¨VÙ] Tß˚X G›’
°»oLs TÙodLXÙm'' Gufl ˘NÙp≠l TÙPTœß´
¤s[ Æ”L˚RL˚[ YÙ£ŸeLs. œZk˚RLs
G›ßV Æ˚PL˚[ Ußl©”eLs.
1. B˚UŸm RY˚[Ÿm Geœ Y£jR]?
2. B˚UŸm RY˚[Ÿm Hu TVkR]?
3. A˚Y G˚R GßoTÙojR]?
4. U˚Z GqYÙfl YkR’?
Ußl¿”
œZk˚RLs G›ßŸs[˚R
œZk˚RL˙[ —VUßl¿”
˘NnV YÙnlT∞ŸeLs
A˚Rj RÙPok’ J⁄Y⁄d
˘LÙ⁄Yo UÙt± NL Ußl¿”
SPjRj Ái”eLs.
NÙoh 1
B˚UŸm RY˚[Ÿmœ[jßp Y£jR].
œ[m Yt±Æ”˙UÙ G]lTVkR].
A˚Y U˚Z˚V GßoTÙojR].
˙ULm ßWiP’, LÙtfl ≈£V’, C• C•jR’, ™u]p™u≤V’, U˚Z ˘TnR’.
CqYX°pÍufl ®Lr‹Ls Es[].
Æ]ÙdL∞u A•lT˚P´pE⁄YÙœm NÙoh”L˙[
E⁄YÙœm L˚Rl◊jRLUÙœm.(Evolving Text)
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
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LXk’˚WVÙPp
˙SÙdLm :
] Rm ˘NÙkR A‡TYj˚Rd ·flRp.
u U˚ZdLÙXjßp EeLs ≈h•tœs GqYÙfl C⁄dœm?
u ≈h•tœ Y∞˙V GlT• C⁄dœm?
u EeLs ˘R⁄ GlT• C⁄dœm?
˙TÙu\ Æ]ÙdL˚[d ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs
L˚R˙VÙhPm
˙SÙdLm
] œZk˚RL∞u LY]j˚R J⁄e°˚QdL.
""U˚Z ˘TnR ˙TÙ’ B˚UŸm RY˚[Ÿm TÙh”lTÙ•
U°rkR] ApXYÙ! ©u Gu] SPkR’ ˘R¨ŸUÙ?'' Gufl
˙Lh” ®Lr‹ CWi•u L˚R˙VÙhPj˚Rf ˘NÙp¤eLs.
CqYÙfl ˘RÙPoU˚Z ˘TnR ˙TÙ’,
u B˚UŸm RY˚[Ÿm Gu] ˘Nnß⁄dœm?
u œ[jßtœ HRÙY’ UÙt\m Ykß⁄dœUÙ?
u ˘RÙPo U˚Z´u —tfll◊\jßp Gu˘]u]
UÙt\eLs HtTh•⁄dœm?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs. UÙQYo
Ls ·flm L⁄j’L˚[l T—mTX˚L/ NÙoh•p G›ß YhPÙWl
◊jRLm E⁄YÙdL ˙Yi”m.
u ˘TÙ⁄jRUÙ] YÙ£l◊ EjßL˚[l TVuT”jß
AYt˚\ YÙ£dL YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
YhPÙWl ◊jRL YÙ£l◊
˙SÙdLm :
] ˘NÙtL˚[Ÿm G›j’L˚[Ÿm A˚PVÙ
[m LÙQp.
u E⁄YÙd°V YhPÙWl ◊jRLj˚Rl Tp˙Yfl Ejß
L˚[l TVuT”jß YÙ£dL YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
®Lr‹ ˛ 2
œ[m ®˚\kR’
Yœl©p U˚Z
Æ˚[VÙh”L∞p D”T”Rp
u Yœl©p U˚Z ˘TnV
˚YdLXÙUÙ? Gufl Lh”
YX’ BsLÙh• ÆWXÙp
CP’ Es[e˚L´p
RhPf ˘NÙp¤eLs
u SÙu ˚L˚V EVoj’m
˙TÙ’ ˙YLUÙLj RhP
˙Yi”m. L˚Vj RÙrj
’m˙TÙ’ ˙YLj˚Rd
œ˚\dL Yi”m Gufl
˘NÙp≠j Rh”Y˚R
CVdœeLs.
u Es[e˚L´p Rh”m
˙YLj˚Rd ·h•Ÿm
œ˚\j’m U˚Zj’∞
Ls Æ›m ˙YLj˚Rd
·hP˙YÙ œ˚\dL˙YÙ
CV¤m.
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AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
u ˘NÙtL˚[Ÿm YÙd°VeL˚[Ÿm C]m LÙQ
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
TP YÙ£l◊
˙SÙdLm :
] TPj˚R Etfl˙SÙd°d L⁄j˚R ˘Y∞´
Pp.
TdLm 47Cp Es[ TPj˚Rd œZk˚RLs TÙodLj Ái”
Rp
u YÙ≤p LÙ‘m LÙh£ Gu]?
u B˚U Ge˙L ®t°\’?
u B˚U´u ˚L´p C⁄lT’ Gu]?
u B˚U RÙU˚Wl È˚Y GRtLÙLl T±jß⁄dœm?
u œ[jßp GjR˚]j RÙU˚Wl ÈdLs Es[]?
u RY˚[ Ge˙L C⁄d°\’?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs.
TÙPlTœß´u L⁄j’ Utflm A˚PVÙ[m LÙQ Yi•V
˘NÙtLs TÙu\Yt±tœ ERYd·•V Y˚L´p Æ]ÙdLs
A˚Uj’l TP YÙ£l˚Tj ÁiP ˙Yi”m.
YhP™PXÙm
˙SÙdLm :
] ÿu TÙPeL∞p Lt\’m YhPÙWl ◊jRLj
ßu YÙ´XÙL A±kR’UÙ] ˘NÙtL˚[
A±Rp.
u "U˚Z' Gu\ ˘NÙp GjR˚] ÿ˚\ Yk’s[’.
YhP™h” Gi¶l TÙoj’d ·\ ÿ•ŸUÙ?
u TÙPlTœß´p Y⁄m E´¨]eL∞u ˘TVoL˚[
YhP™P ÿ•ŸUÙ?
˙TÙu\ LsÆL˚[d Lh”l TÙPlTœß´p Es[ NÙt
L˚[ C]m Li” YhP™P YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
TÙP YÙ£l◊
˙SÙdLm :
] B£¨Vo YÙ£dœm ˙TÙ’ ˘NÙtL˚[
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
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A˚PVÙ[m LÙ‘Rp
u UÙQYoLs ÿu TÙPeL∞p A±kR ˘NÙtLfim
G›j’Lfim TÙPlTœß´p LÙQlTPXÙm.
Af˘NÙtLs Utflm G›j’L∞u J≠˚V /
Y¨Y•Yj˚R YÙ£dL‹m A˚PVÙ[m LÙQ‹m
ER‹m Y˚L´p B£¨Vo YÙ£dL ˙Yi”m.
u N¨VÙ] EfN¨l˙TÙ” œWp Ht\RÙr˙YÙ” YÙ£dL
˙Yi”m.
u K¨⁄ ÿ˚\ B£¨Vo YÙ£j’dLÙh•V©u £X
UÙQYoL˚[ YÙ£dLf ˘NÙpXÙm.
LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs
˙SÙdLm :
] L⁄j’ / A‡TYj˚R ˘Y∞´”m ß\˚]
Y[ojRp.
L˚RdL[m, YhPÙWl TÙPm, TPYÙ£l◊, B£¨V¨u UÙߨ
YÙ£l◊ ˙TÙu\Yt±u YÙ´XÙL KW[Ætœl TÙPd
L⁄j˚Rl ◊¨kß⁄lTo.
u ˘RÙPok’ U˚Z Tn’ LÙi•⁄kRÙp Gu] ®L›m?
u U˚Z˙V ˘TnVÙÆhPÙp Gu] ®L›m?
u RiΩo CpXÙUp SmUÙp E´oYÙZ ÿ•ŸUÙ?
Æ˚[VÙh”Ls TXÆRm
˙SÙdLm :
] LÙ°Rd LlTp ˘NnRp.
u B˚UŸm, RY˚[Ÿm Gu˘]u] Æ˚[VÙh”Ls
Æ˚[VÙ• C⁄dœm?
u U˚ZLÙXjßp Gu˘]u] Æ˚[VÙh”Ls
Æ˚[VÙ”°»oLs?
˙TÙu\ LsÆL˚[d Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs. ""LlTp
Æh” Æ˚[VÙ”˙YÙm'' Gufl NÙp≠´⁄kRÙp,
""EeL∞p VÙo VÙ⁄dœd LlTp ˘NnVj ˘R¨Ÿm? SÙm
J⁄ LlTp Nn˙YÙUÙ?'' Gufl·±, GpXÙd œZk˚RLfid
œm LÙ°Rm LÙ”j’ øeLs NnY’ TÙp LlTp NnV
A±‹fljß GpXÙd œZk˚RLfim LlTp ˘NnV YÙnl
T∞ŸeLs.
181
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
G›’eLs
˙SÙdLm ;
] œ±l©hP ˘NÙtL˚[ A˚PVÙ[m Li”
G”j’ G›’Rp.
TÙPlTœß´p CPm ˘Ttfls[ U˚Z, œ[m, RY˚[B°V ˘NÙtL˚[d œZk˚RLs RÙUÙLd Li”©•j’
G›R YÙnlT∞ŸeLs. N¨VÙ] NÙtL˚[d Li”©•dLl
TÙPlTœß˚V ¡i”m ¡i”m YÙ£j’d LÙh”eLs.
◊s∞L˚[ C˚Ql˙TÙm;®\m LÙ”l˙TÙm
˙SÙdLm :
] ÷i R˚NlT´t£, YiQm æh”m T´t£,
TPm Y˚WŸm T´t£
◊s∞L˚[ C˚QdLh”m. Æ⁄lTUÙ] YiQm æhP
ER‹eLs. TPeLs AZœ˘T\ YiQm æh”m ˙TÙ’
LY≤dL ˙Yi•V˚Y Tt±d ·fleLs.
E˚WVÙ”eLs
˙SÙdLm :
] TPYÙ£l◊
] —tfll◊\j˚R Etfl ˙SÙdœm ß\u
] L⁄j˚R ˘Y∞´”m ß\u
U˚Z ˘Tn’ KnkR©u LÙ‘m LÙh£˙V Ceœ TPUÙLd
˘LÙ”dLlTh”s[’. TPm ˘RÙPoTÙ] L⁄j’Ls
˘Y∞Y⁄m Y˚L´p ∏rdLÙ‘m Æ]ÙdL˚[d
˙LfieLs.
u ÿßVYo Gu] ˘Nn’ ˘LÙi•⁄d°\Ùo?
u œ˚P˚V Hu UPd° ˚Yj’s[Ùo?
u NÙ˚X GqYÙfl Es[’?
u LÙLm Gu] ˘Nn°\’?
u BLÙVm GlT•d LÙh£V∞d°\’?
u T\˚YLs Gu] ˘Nn’ ˘LÙi•⁄d°u\]?
u A˚Y Ge˙L ˘Np°u\]?
u ÈeLÙÆp œZk˚RLs Gu] ˘Nn’ ˘LÙi•⁄d
°\ÙoLs?
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
182
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs.
Jq˘YÙ⁄ œZk˚Rdœm R]’ L⁄j˚Rd ·\‹m ©\o
·flY˚Rd ˙LhL‹m YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
G›’eLs
˙SÙdLm ;
] YÙd°Vm A˚Udœm ß\u
""Cf˘NVpTÙh˚P VÙo ÿR≠p ˘Nn°\ÙoLs Gufl
TÙol˙TÙUÙ?'' Gufl NYÙpÆh” Cf˘NVpTÙh˚Pl
˙TÙh•VÙL SPj’eLs.
NL Ußl©” ˘NnV YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
Cflß´p B£¨Vo Ußl©h”j RWj˚R ®oQVm ˘NnŸe
Ls.
˘NÙp¤eLs
˙SÙdLm :
] TPj˚Rl TÙoj’ YÙd°Vm E⁄YÙdœRp
TPj˚Rl TÙoj’ YÙd°VeLs E⁄YÙd°d ·\ / G›R
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
1. ÆPÙ’ ˘TnR U˚Z´p œ[m Gu] B]’?
2. œ[jßp UXokR È G’?
3. RY˚[Ÿm B˚UŸm Gu] ˘NnR’?
4. AYoLfiPu ˙Nok’ ˘LÙiP SiTu VÙo?
BVjRf NVpTÙ”
∏rY⁄m TÙP˚X BVjRf ˘NVpTÙPÙL S˚Pÿ˚\l
T”j’eLs.
""SÙu Ju˘\ufl ˘NÙp¤m˙TÙ’ J⁄ÿ˚\j RÙY‘m.
CWi˘Pufl ˘NÙp¤m˙TÙ’ CWi”ÿ˚\j RÙY‘m''
Gufl ·±,
""Íu˘\ufl ˘NÙu]Ù˙XÙ?''
UÙu K•V’
˘LÙdœ / T\˚Y T\kR’
RY˚[ RÙÆV’
NÙoh 2
œ[m ®˚\kR’.
RÙU˚W UXokR’.
B˚UŸm RY˚[ŸmÆ˚[VÙ•].
Si”m AYoLfiPu˙Nok’ LÙiP’.
183
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
®Lr‹ ˛ 3
L˚XYÙQ≤u L]‹ ˛ (L¶Rm)
""SÙu˘Lufl ˘NÙu]Ù˙XÙ?''
Gufl ˙Lh” œZk˚RLs ◊¨k’˘LÙiP ©u, ∏rY⁄m
TÙP˚X C˚N˙VÙ” TÙ”eLs.
ÿR≠p œZk˚RLs TÙP ˙Yi”m. øeLs ·flm
Gi¶d˚L˙LtT RÙÆ]Ùp ˙TÙ’m. ©u]o TÙ•d
˘LÙi˙P RÙYh”m.
6 Cu A±ÿLm.
6 Gi¶d˚LŸs[ œ›dLfidœ Bfl Gufl ˘TVo
„h”Y˙R Cf˘NVpTÙ”.
Æ⁄kß]oLfidœ EQ‹ T±UÙ\˙Yi”m. GjR˚]
Æ⁄kß]o GuT’ ÿu·h•j ˘R¨VÙ’. AYoLfidœj
˙R˚YVÙ] ˘TÙ⁄hL˚[d œZk˚RLs ˙NL¨dL
˙Yi”m. (TÙn, TÙjßWeLs, Rm[o...)
Gu˘]u] ˙NL¨dL ˙Yi”m?
C’˙TÙufl L¶Rl
TÙPpL˚[j ßWh• Yœl©p
TVuT”j’eLs
Ju˘\ufl ˘NÙp¤m ˙TÙ’
J⁄ÿ˚\ RÙY‘m! Jufl
CWi˘Pufl ˘NÙp¤m ˙TÙ’
CWi” ÿ˚\ RÙY‘m! Jufl... CWi”
Íu˘\ufl ˘NÙp¤m ˙TÙ’
Íufl ÿ˚\ RÙY‘m! Jufl... CWi”... Íufl
SÙu˘Lufl ˘NÙp¤m ˙TÙ’
SÙuœ ÿ˚\ RÙY‘m! Jufl... CWi”... Íufl... SÙuœ
Ik˘Rufl ˘NÙp¤m ˙TÙ’
Ik’ ÿ˚\ RÙY‘m! Jufl... CWi”... Íufl... SÙuœ... Ik’
B˘\ufl ˘NÙp¤m ˙TÙ’
Bfl ÿ˚\ RÙY‘m! Jufl... CWi”... Íufl... SÙuœ... Ik’... Bfl
H˘Zufl ˘NÙp¤m ˙TÙ’
H› ÿ˚\ RÙY‘m! Jufl... CWi”... Íufl... SÙuœ... Ik’... Bfl... H›
Gh˘Pufl NÙp¤m TÙ’
Gh” ÿ˚\ RÙY‘m! Jufl... CWi”... Íufl... SÙuœ... Ik’... Bfl... H›... Gh”
JuT˘Rufl ˘NÙp¤m ˙TÙ’
JuT’ ÿ˚\ RÙY‘m! Jufl... CWi”... Íufl... SÙuœ... Ik’... Bfl... H›.... JuT’
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
184
u C⁄lTRtœ ˙Yi•V £±V TÙn (LÙ°Rm)
u ˙R˚YVÙ] Rh”Ls (UßV EQÆtLÙL
œZk˚RLs ˘LÙi” Yk’s[ Rh”Ls)
u Rm[oLs (LÙ°R Rm[o), u LWi•Ls (Lm◊)
u TZeLs (TPm), u ©vLh”Ls (LÙ°Rm)
J⁄ œ› œZk˚RLs (6 ˙To) Æ⁄kß]WÙL Y⁄°u\]o.
SiToLs AY˚W YW˙Yt°u\]o.
C⁄d˚L J›eœ ˘NnŸm œ› Gi¶d˚Ld ˙LtT TÙn
˘LÙi” Y⁄Rp. Jq˘YÙ⁄Y⁄m AU⁄Rp.
AqYÙ\ÙL TÙjßWm, Rm[o, TZm, ©vLh ˙TÙu\˚Y
Æ⁄kß]⁄dœ Jq˘YÙu\ÙL G”j’ ˚YjRp.
Æ⁄kß]oLfidœ Ht\ Gi¶d˚LŸs[ ˘TÙ⁄hL˚[
G”d°u\ÙoLs GuT˚R Eflß ˘NnV ˙Yi”m. EQ‹
EiP©u Jq˘YÙ⁄ ˘TÙ⁄hL˚[Ÿm œ›dL[ÙdL
˙Yi”m. Jq˘YÙ⁄ œ›Ætœm Gu] ˘TVo ·\XÙm
GuT˚R BWÙV˙Yi”m.
6 Gu\ Gi¶d˚LŸs[ œ›Ætœ 6 Gufl ·\XÙm.
6 Gi¶d˚LŸs[ Tp˙Yfl ˘TÙ⁄hL˚[ œZk˚RLs
G”j’ YW YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
7 A±ÿLm
˙SÙdLm :
] H› Gi¶d˚LŸs[ ˘TÙ⁄hLfidœ 7
Gufl ˘TVo „h”Rp.
u ˙U˚P´≠⁄dœm H› T⁄dœ H› Èe˘LÙj’Ls
SpL Yi”m. S°Ø TÙjßWj˚R (©[Ùv•d Ll)
Èe˘LÙjRÙLl TÙÆdLXÙm.
u £Yl◊, UgNs, øXm B°V Íufl œ›dL[Ùd
œeLs.
u A˙R ®\ÿs[ YiQj RÙsL˚[ Adœ›d
Lfidœ ˘LÙ”eLs. ReLfidœd °˚PjR
YiQd LÙ°ReL˚[l TVuT”jßl ÈdLs
E⁄YÙdLh”m.
u ˙U˚P´p H› œZk˚RLs C⁄dLh”m. AYo
Lfidœ ÿu]Ùp H› Èe˘LÙj’L˚[ ˚YdL
˙Yi”m. ·”RXÙL˙YÙ œ˚\YÙL˙YÙ ˚Yd
LÙUp TÙoj’d LÙs[ Yi”m. U˚P´p Bfl
TÙ• U°Z
U˚Z˙V U˚Z˙V YÙ U˚Z˙V!
™u]p ™u≤P YÙ U˚Z˙V!
U˚Z˙V U˚Z˙V YÙ U˚Z˙V!
C•Ÿm C•jßP YÙ U˚Z˙V!
U˚Z˙V U˚Z˙V YÙ U˚Z˙V!
UWÿm S˚]kßP YÙ U˚Z˙V!
U˚Z˙V U˚Z˙V YÙ U˚Z˙V!
Ui˚Q S˚]jßP YÙ U˚Z˙V!
U˚Z˙V U˚Z˙V YÙ U˚Z˙V!
œ[j˚R ®˚\jßP YÙ U˚Z˙V!
U˚Z˙V U˚Z˙V YÙ U˚Z˙V!
UdLs YÙrkßP YÙ U˚Z˙V!
185
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
Èe˘LÙj’L[Ù Es[]? Gufl Lh” B˚\ ÆP
AßLUÙL Es[ Cdœ›˚Y 7 (H›) Gufl ·± 7I
A±ÿLlT”jR ˙Yi”m. 4, 5, 6, 7 Gufl ÿu]o
RVÙ¨jR ˘RÙœl©≠⁄k’ 7 u ˘RÙœl◊ ⁄YÙdL
YÙnlT∞dL Yi”m.
u Tp˙Yfl TÙ⁄hLs TVuT”jß (5, 6, 7) B°VYt
±u RÙœl◊Ls E⁄YÙdL YÙnlT∞dL Yi”m.
AR]•lT˚P´p,
u ·”Rp ˘TÙ⁄hLfis[ ˘RÙœl◊Ls G˚Y?
u œ˚\YÙ] ˘TÙ⁄hLfis[ ˘RÙœl◊Ls G˚Y?
Gufl ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙP ˙Yi”m.
8 A±ÿLm
TPjߤs[’ TÙp 8 LhPeLfis[ LhPj˚Rj R˚W´p
Y˚WŸeLs.
Jq˘YÙufl ≈Rm GpXÙd LhPeL∞¤m ™hPÙnLs
˚YdL ˙Yi”m. ARtœj ˙R˚YVÙ] ™hPÙnL˚[d
œZk˚RLs ˙NL¨dLh”m. (LpRÙu ™hPÙn)
u N¨VÙL 8 ˙NL¨d°\ÙoL[Ù?
u Jq˘YÙu±¤m Jq˘YÙufl ≈Rm ˚Yd°\Ùo
L[Ù?
ClTÙP˚Xf ˘Nn˚LlTÙPXÙLl TÙ• S•dL
u JuT’ œZk˚RLs
Y¨˚NVÙL AUok’
C⁄dLh”m.
u AYW’ LL˚[ UÙh
”Ls ˙TÙX R˚Xdœ
˙UXÙLd œÆj’ ˚Yd
Lh”m.
u J⁄ œZk˚R œPj ßp
RiΩo ˘LÙi” Yk’
ÿRp œZk˚R´u
R˚X´p FtflY’ TÙX
S•dLh”m.
u AUok’s[ œZk˚R
R]’ ˚LL˚[ UXo
L˚[l˙TÙX UXWf Nn
Vh”m.
u CqYÙfl ˘RÙPok’
JuT’ œZk˚Rdœm
Ft\h”m.
u B£¨V⁄m Ut\ œZk
˚RLfim YhPjßp
®ufl TÙP˚X CWÙLj
˙RÙ” TÙPh”m.
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
186
Æ˚[VÙh” ÍXm L¶Rm
T´pY’ BoYj˚Rj
Ái”Y˙RÙ” Lt\˚X G∞RÙdœm
ApXYÙ!
u AßLUÙLf ˙NL¨j’s[ÙoL[Ù?
u œ˚\YÙLd ˘LÙi”YkR˚R D”LhP ¡i”m
˙NL¨d°\ÙoL[Ù?
˘RÙPok’,
1 ÿRp 8 Y˚WŸs[ ˘RÙœl◊L∞¤s[ ˘TÙ⁄hL˚[l
©¨j˘R”j’ 8 u ˘RÙœl◊Ls E⁄YÙdL YÙnlT∞dL
˙Yi”m.
9 A±ÿLm
˙SÙdLm :
] JuT’ ˘TÙ⁄hL[Pe°V ˘RÙœl©tœ 9
(JuT’) Gufl ˘TVo „h”Rp.
YiQl ˘Tu£p ˘Th• GpXÙd œZk˚RL∞Pm
C⁄dœUpXYÙ.
JuT’ LhPeLs Y˚WYRt˙LtT J⁄ RÙ˚[ JuT’
LhPeLs °˚Pdœm YiQm UPd°d LÙ”dL Yi”m.
ReLfidœ °˚PjR RÙ∞¤s[ JuT’ LhPeL∞p JuT’
YiQl˘Tu£pL˚[ œZk˚RLs ˚YdLh”m.
Jq˘YÙ⁄ œZk˚RŸm ˚YjR ˘Tu£pL˚[f ˙NL¨jR
J⁄ CWlTo SÙPÙÆp —t± AYWYo RÙ∞p ˚YŸeLs.
Cj ˘RÙœl©tœ Gu] ˘TVo ˚YdLXÙm? Gufl ˙Lh”,
Cj˘RÙœl◊ 9 Gufl A±ÿLm ˘NnŸeLs.
u C’Y˚W E⁄YÙd°V 2 ÿRp 8 Y˚W ˘RÙœl◊
L∞u ˘TVoL˚[ ®˚]‹T”jßd ·\ YÙnl
T∞ŸeLs.
u 9 ◊jRLeLs APe°V RÙœl◊L[ÙdL YÙnlT∞
ŸeLs.
u 8 TÙ⁄hLs APe°V RÙœl˚T JuTRÙdœY’
GlT•?
u GkRj ˘RÙœlT∞jRÙ¤m ARu A”jR Gi¶d
˚LŸs[ ˘RÙœlTÙL UÙtflY˘RlT•?
LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs. ∏rdLÙ‘m ˘NVpTÙ”L˚[Ÿm
˘NnVXÙm.
u A”jR”j’s[ C⁄ GiLfid°˚P˙VŸs[
GjR˚] ˘RÙPo◊L˚[ ·\ÿ•Ÿm?
u EeLs ≈h•¤s[YoLs EQ‹ EiQ GjR˚]
Rh”Ls ˙Yi”m?
Jufl CWi” Íufl
SÙuœ Ik’
Bfl H› Gh”JuT’
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187
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
u EeLs ≈h•¤s[ Jq˘YÙ⁄Y⁄dœm œ˚P
EiPÙ? GjR˚] œ˚PLs Es[]?
u Gßp AßL[‹ NdLWeLs Es[]? LÙ¨XÙ? Bh
˙PÙÆXÙ?
u EeLs ≈h•p ˙LÙØ Y[od°»oL[Ù? GjR˚]
˙LÙØLs? AYt±tœ GjR˚] œg—Ls Es[]?
u vPÙm©h TVuT”jß œ±l©hP Gi¶d ·\
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
U¶˙VÙ˚N
J⁄ œZk˚R˚V U¶V•dLf ˘NÙp¤eLs.
GjR˚] ÿ˚\ A•d°\Ùs Gufl Ut\ œZk˚RLs
Gi¶f ˘NÙpX YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
Æ˚[VÙPXÙm
Bfid˘LÙ⁄ Gi ≈Rm 9 œZk˚RLfidœm GiQh˚P
˘LÙ”eLs ( 1˛ 9) Gi Y¨˚NlT• Y¨˚NVÙL ®tLh”m.
CR]•lT˚P´p,
u VÙ⁄dœ 9 °˚PjR’?
u VÙ⁄dœ 7 °˚PjR’.
u 8˛tœ ÿu]Ùp ®tT’ VÙo?
u 3˛tœm 4˛tœm C˚P´p ®tT’ VÙo?
˙TÙu\ Æ]ÙdL˚[d ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs.
L˚R˙VÙhPm
®Lr‹ Íu±tLÙ] L˚R˙VÙhPj˚Rd ·fleLs.
" "K! C’ Guflm œ[dL˚Wdœ Æ˚[VÙP Y⁄m
L˚XYÙQu B´t˙\! AVok’ E\e°ÆhPÙu ˙TÙp
˘R¨°\’!'' RY˚[ ˘NÙu]’.
u L˚XYÙQu E\eLd LÙWQm Gu]YÙL
C⁄dœm?
u øeLs E\eœm ˙TÙ’ L]‹ LiP’iPÙ?
u GlT•lThP L]‹?
Jq˘YÙ⁄Y⁄dœm AYWYo LiP L]‹L˚[f ˘NÙpX
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
£\lTÙLf ˘NÙu] UÙQY˚]l TÙWhP U\dL ˙YiPÙm.
" "L˚XYÙQu Ei˚U´p Gu] L]‹ LiPÙu
˘R¨ŸUÙ?'' Gufl ˙Lh”l TÙPlTœßdœs ÷˚ZŸeLs.
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
188
L˚XYÙQ≤u L]‹
TPm TÙoj’ Gi‘Rp
˙SÙdLm :
] 6, 7, 8, 9 B°V GiQp GiL˚[
Gi¶d ·flRp.
u ÿRp TPjßp L˚XYÙQ≤u L]Æp YkR
SiToLs GjR˚] ˙To?
u CWiPÙY’ TPjßp L˚XYÙQ≤u L]Æp YkR
SiToLs GjR˚] ˙To?
u Íu\ÙY’ TPjßp L˚XYÙQ≤u L]Æp YkR
SiToLs GjR˚] ˙To?
u SÙuLÙY’ TPjßp L˚XYÙQ≤u L]Æp YkR
SiToLs GjR˚] ˙To?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”l TPeL˚[ Gi¶l TÙodL
YÙnl◊ ˘LÙ”eLs.
˙U¤m TPeL∞p Es[ ThPeLs, C˚XLs
BiœZk˚RLs, TiœZk˚RLs, LhPm TÙhP Nh˚P
˙TÙhPYoLs G]l TXYt˚\Ÿm Gi¶d ·\
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
˘NÙp¤eL! ˘NÙp¤eL!! GjR˚] ˙Yi”m?
˙SÙdLm :
] œ±l©hP Gi¶d˚L˚V Gi¶
G”jRp.
Yœl©p CWi” YhPm Y˚WŸeLs. EsYhPm
£±VRÙL‹m Y∞YhPm T¨VRÙL‹m C⁄dLh”m. Es
YhPjßp ®˚\V œu±ÿj’ / UgNÙ• Æ˚R / ◊∞V
Æ˚RL˚[ Ch” YŸeLs. Y∞YhPjßp œZk˚RLs
YhPUÙL ®tLh”m,
""˘NÙp¤eL! ˘NÙp¤eL!! GjR˚] ˙Yi”m?'' Gufl
˙LfieLs.
""øeL ˘NÙp¤eL GjR˚] ˙Yi”m?'' Gufl ˘NÙp≠d
˘LÙi˙P œZk˚RLs Kh”m.
" "Bfl Gufl ˘NÙp¤eLs!' ' œZk˚RLs K”Y˚R
®fljßÆh”f £±V YhPjߤs[ Bfl ÿj’L˚[
Gi¶ G”dLh”m; EeL∞Pm LÙhPh”m.
Ee-Ls Yœl-©p AY-£-VmC⁄dL ˙Yi-•-V˚Y
u L¶-Rf ˘NVp-TÙ-”-Ls˘NnV TÙ’-UÙ] A[‹LtLs / Æ˚R-Ls,
u TPj ˘RÙœl-◊-Ls (TÙPdL⁄j-˙RÙ” ˘RÙPo -◊ -T-”jß SÙm Tjß-¨-d˚L-L-∞-≠-⁄k-’m ˘NnßjRÙsL∞≠⁄k-’m ˘Yh•˘V”j’ ˚Yj-R-˚Y)
u Gi-Qh-˚P-Ls, G›j-Rh-˚P-Ls (˙X™-˙]h˘Nn’ ˚Yl-T’ Sp-X’)
u œZk-˚R-Ls G›-ßV/Y˚WkR T˚Pl◊L˚[˘Y∞-´P Yœl◊ A±-Æl-◊l TX˚L
u NÙoh-”-Ls, TPe-Ls˙TÙu\Yt- \j RÙe-L-ÆP YN-ß-VÙL L´fl
u TPe-Ls ®˚\k-R-’mG›j-’l Tœ-ß-Ls œ˚\-YÙ-]-’-UÙ] ◊j-R-Le-Ls.
u £fl-Yo Tj-ß-¨-˚L-Ls(—h• ÆL-Pu, ˙LÙœp,˘Nn-ßj-RÙs-L -fi-PuY⁄m £flYo CRr-Ls
u vPÙml Ch,
u T˚N, Yi-Ql-˘Tu£pLs, Lj-R-¨d-˙LÙp
˙TÙu\ ˘TÙ⁄h-L-˚[ LpÆVÙi-•u BWm-Tj-ß-˙X˙VYœl-©p C⁄d--œm-T• TÙoj-’d ˘LÙs-Y’ Sp-X-’. ARt-LÙLl ◊j-R-Lj-˚R-Ÿm B£-¨-VoT‡-Y-˚XŸm ÿu-]˙WYÙ£j’l ˘TÙ⁄s-L-∞u Th-•V-˚Xj RVÙo ˘Nn’ ˘LÙs-fie-Ls.
189
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
u A˚]Y⁄m LÙh•V ©u, ¡i”m Æ˚[VÙh”
˘RÙPWh”m.
u H›, Gh”, JuT’ Gufl GiL˚[ UÙt± UÙt±d
·fleLs.
u GiQ CVXÙR œZk˚RLfidœ ER‹eLs.
TÙ• U°r˙YÙm
˙SÙdLm :
] Jufl ÿRp JuT’ Y˚W GiL∞u
Y¨Y•Ym A±Rp.
u øeLs Gu˘]u] Æ˚[VÙh”Ls Æ˚[VÙ”
≈oLs?
u VÙ⁄Pu Æ˚[VÙ”≈oLs?
u Æ˚[VÙ”m ˙TÙ’ TÙh”l TÙ”Y’ EiPÙ?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs.
J⁄ £X⁄dœ Æ˚[VÙh”L˚[l Tt±f ˘NÙpX
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
˘Sp≠dLÙn LÙ”dLXÙm
˙SÙdLm :
] 6 ÿRp JuT’ Y˚W Gi˚QŸm AYt
±u G›j’ Y•Yj˚RŸm ˘TÙ⁄j’Rp.
u ÿRp TPjßp GjR˚] ˙To Es[]o?
u GjR˚] ˘Sp≠dLÙnLs Es[]? Gi¶l
TÙ⁄eLs.
Gufl ˘NÙp≠l TPeL˚[Ÿm ˘Sp≠dLÙnL˚[Ÿm
Gi‘YRtœj Ái”eLs.
AqYÙfl Jq˘YÙ⁄ TPj˚Rl Tt±Ÿm, Æ]ÙdLs ˙Lh”
Jq˘YÙ⁄ TPjߤm Es[ œZk˚RL˚[Ÿm
˘Sp≠dLÙnL˚[Ÿm Gi¶l TÙodLj Ái”eLs.
˘NÙp¤eL! ˘NÙp¤eL!! GjR˚] ˙Yi”m?
˙SÙdLm :
] Jufl ÿRp JuT’ Y˚W G›j’⁄dL˚[
C]m LÙ‘Rp.
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
190
u NÙoh ˙TlT˚W ˘Yh• Jufl ÿRp JuT’
GiL˚[ G›jRÙp G›ßd ˘LÙsfieLs.
u Gi Ah˚PLs œZk˚RL∞u Gi¶d˚Ldœ
Ht\YÙfl C⁄dLh”m. Jq˘YÙ⁄Y⁄dœm Jufl
≈Rm °˚PdL ˙Yi”m.
u ˘T¨V YœlTÙL C⁄kRÙp, CWi” Íufl
œ›dL[ÙLl ©¨j’ Æ˚[VÙPf ˘NnVXÙm.
u ÿu Yœl◊L∞p NnR ""˘NÙp¤eL! NÙp¤eL!!''
˘NVpTÙh˚P SPj’eLs.
u œ±l©hP Gi˚Qf NÙp¤m TÙ’ œZk˚RLs
G›jRÙp G›ßV Ah˚P˚V ÿR≠p Li”
©•dLh”m. ©u ARtœj RœkR Gi˚Q Gi¶
G”dLh”m.
L]‹ L˚XkR’
u L˚XYÙQ≤u L]‹ L˚XVd LÙWQm Gu]?
u øeLs Gl˙TÙRÙY’ L]‹ Li” TVkR’ EiPÙ?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs.
u L˚XYÙQ˚]f —t±¤m GjR˚] ˘Sp≠dLÙn
Æ›k’ °Pd°u\]?
u AY]’ R˚X¡’s[ ˘Sp≠dLÙ˚VŸm ˙Noj’
˘UÙjRm GjR˚]?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”l TPj˚R Etfl ˙SÙdLj Ái
”eLs.
Y¨Y•Ym G›RXÙm
˙SÙdLm :
] Gi‘⁄ G›’Rp
u 6, 7, 8, 9 B°V GiL˚[d ˘LÙ”dLlTh”s[
LhPeL∞p G›’m ˘NVpTÙh˚P YœlT˚\´p
SPj’eLs.
u GiL˚[ G›’m ÿ˚\˚V (Geœ RÙPe° Geœ
ÿ•dL ˙Yi”m) GpXÙd œZk˚RLfim LÙ‘m
YiQm T—mTX˚L´p ˘T¨VRÙL G›’eLs.
u øeLs G›ßV Gi‘⁄ ˙Up G›R œZk˚R
Lfidœ YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
u ©u]o AYWYo ◊jRLjßp œZk˚RLs RÙUÙL
Gi‘⁄dL˚[ G›Rh”m.
Ußl¿h”d œ±l◊Ls
A. L⁄j’ Eh˘LÙi”
˘NÙtL˚[ YÙ£d°\Ùu.
B. £X ˘NÙtL˚[ YÙ£dL
CVXÆp˚X. ˙U¤m
˘R∞‹ ˙R˚YlT”°\’.
C. YÙ£dL CVXÆp˚X.
£X G›j’L˚[ Uh”m
A˚PVÙ[m LÙi°\Ùu.
CmUßl¿h”dœ±l◊L∞u
A•lT˚P´p Ußl©h”,
˙U¤m G›j’L˚[ AYu
C]m LÙiTRtœj R˚Y
VÙ] EP]• ERÆL˚[f
˘NnŸeLs.
œ±l©hP NÙtLs, G›j
’Ls RÙPok’ YWd·•V
ÆRjßX £X YÙd°V Ah
˚PLs, NÙp Ah˚PL˚[
E⁄YÙd°, ©uRe°V UÙQ
YoLfidLÙLl TVuT”j
’eLs.
RœkR ˙SWjßp EP]•
ERÆLs ˘NnŸm˙TÙ’
Uh”˙U ©uRe°V UÙQ
YoL [ ÿu‡dœd LÙi”
YW CV¤m ApXYÙ!
191
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
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Gi‘˙YÙm G›’˙YÙm
˙SÙdLm :
] TPeL˚[ Gi¶ GiL˚[d
Li”©•j’ G›’˙YÙm.
u Cf˘NVpTÙh˚P J⁄ ˙TÙh•VÙL SPj’eLs.
u ""VÙo ÿR≠p GpXÙl Th•L∞¤m G›’°»oLs?''
Gufl NYÙpÆh” œZk˚RLs Cf˘NVpTÙh˚Pf
˘NnVj Ái”eLs.
u œZk˚RLs RUdœs NLUßl¿” SPjR
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
J∞kß⁄lT’ VÙo?
˙SÙdLm :
] Æ”lThP GiL˚[d Li”©•j’
G›’Rp
u GjR˚] ÈdLs Es[]?
u ÈdL∞p G›ß´⁄dœm GiLs G˚Y?
u GjR˚] ÈdLs U˚\k’s[]?
u AYt±p Es[ GiLs G˚Y?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh” Æ”ThP GiL˚[d
Li”©•j’ G›R YÙnlT∞ŸeLs.
J∞kß⁄lT’ VÙo?
˙SÙdLm :
] TPm Y˚WŸm T´t£
] R˚NlT´t£
] GiL˚[ Y¨˚NVÙL C˚QjRp
u Jufl ÿRu JuT’ Y˚WŸs[ GiL˚[
Y¨˚NVÙL C˚QdLh”m.
u E⁄YÙœm ¡u Y•Yjßtœ YiQm æh•
U°Zh”m.
Gi¶ G›’˙YÙm
˙SÙdLm :
] TPj˚R Etfl˙SÙdœRp, GiL˚[
Gi¶ G›’Rp.
U˚Z Y⁄’
U˚Z Y⁄’
U˚Z Y⁄’
˘Sp¤d œj’eL
ÿdLÙlT• A¨£ ˙TÙh”
ÿfldœ —”eL
˙R•Y⁄m UÙl©s˚[dœ
G”j’ ˚YŸeL
—mUÙ Y⁄m UÙl©s˚[dœ
„” ˚YŸeL
TÙ• U°Z
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
192
Cf˘NVpTÙh˚P ≈h”f NVpTÙPÙLd œZk˚RLs NnV
YÙnlT∞ŸeLs. AYoLs G›ß YkR˚R Ußl©h”j RW
®oQVm ˘NnŸeLs.
L˚R˙VÙhPm
®Lr‹ SÙu°tLÙ] L˚R˙VÙhPj˚Rd ·fleLs.
u TÙdœ Uh˚P˚V ˚Yj’ A˚Y Gu] ˘Nnß
⁄dœm?
u TPœ RiΩ¨p ™Rkß⁄dœUÙ?
u VÙo TP˚L Kh•´⁄lTÙo?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙ”eLs.
œZk˚RLs ·flm L⁄j’L˚[l T—mTX˚L / NÙoh•p
G›ßf ˘NÙtL˚[Ÿm G›j’L˚[Ÿm A˚PVÙ[m LÙQ
ER‹eLs.
YÙ£l◊ EjßL˚[l TVuT”jß YÙ£dLf ˘NnŸeLs.
RiΩ⁄m RY˚[Ÿm
˙SÙdLm :
] TPdL˚RL˚[ Etfl˙SÙd°d L˚R˚Vd
·flY’.
Jq˘YÙ⁄ TPj˚RŸm ˚UVlT”jß Æ]ÙdLs ˙LhL
˙Yi”m.
u TPjßp VÙ˘WpXÙm Es[]o?
u AYoLs Gu] ˘Nn’ ˘LÙi•⁄d°\ÙoLs?
u TP°p ’”l◊l ˙TÙ”Y’ VÙo?
u B˚U Ge˙L AUokß⁄d°\’?
u ˘LÙdœ Gu] ˘Nn°\’?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh” LXk’˚WVÙPXÙm.
©u C˚R J⁄ L˚R Y•Æp ·flYRtœ YÙnlT∞dL
˙Yi”m.
L˚R R˚PlT”m˙TÙ’ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”m £X Æ[dLe
Ls ˘LÙ”j’m L˚R˚Vj ˘RÙPW YÙnlT∞dLXÙm.
®Lr‹ ˛ 4
RiΩ⁄m RY˚[Ÿm
YÙ£
dL ÿ
•-Ÿ
UÙ?
YZ
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LÙZ
˘LÙZ
YÙ˚
Zl-T-Z
mH
›-U
˚X
≈h
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T›
jR T
Zm
H›
TZ
m G
]dœ
H›
TZ
m E
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YZ
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LÙZ
˘LÙZ
YÙ˚
Zl-T-Z
m
193
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
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E˚WVÙ”eLs..... G›’eLs
˙SÙdLm :
] L˚R˚V ÿ›˚UVÙdL, LXk’˚WVÙP
BoYj˚Rj ÁiPp.
u TPœ Gu] B´⁄dœm?
u TP°p C⁄kRYoLs Rl©jß⁄lTÙoL[Ù?
u TPœ LÆk’ ˙TÙLd LÙWQm Gu]?
u œ[jßtœj ß⁄mT Gu] ßhPm
æh•´⁄lTÙoLs?
˙TÙu\ ˙LsÆLs ˙Lh”d LXk’˚WVÙPp.
A˚]j’d œZk˚RLfim LXk’˚WVÙP≠p Te˘L”jR
©u, ClTPd L˚R˚Vd œZk˚RLfidœ BoYm
EiPÙœm Y˚L´p, œWp Ht\ C\dLj˙RÙ” ·fleLs.
J⁄ œ[jßp B˚UŸm RY˚[Ÿm Si”m Y£j’
Yk’fNÙm! J⁄ SÙs A˚Y œ[dL˚W´p Æ˚[
VÙ•d ˘LÙi•⁄kR ˙TÙ’ Lt\•f—RÙm! TÙdœ
UWj’X C⁄k’ J⁄ Uh˚P ∏Z Æ›k’fNÙm! BaÙ!
AZLÙ] Uh˚PVÙ C⁄dœ˙R! œ[j’X TPœ Nn’
Æ˚[VÙPXÙUÙ! Gufl B˚U ˙LhPRÙm.
Gu\ ÿ˚\´p ÿ›d L˚R˚VŸm ƨ‹T”jßd ·fl≈o
Ls ApXYÙ!
SÙ˙] YÙ£l˙Tu
˙SÙdLm :
] ÿuTÙPeL∞p Lt\ G›j’Ls APe°V
YÙd°VeL˚[f —VUÙL YÙ£jRp.
ÿuTÙPeL∞p Lt\ G›j’Ls, ClTÙPjßp A±ÿLm
˘NnR G›j’Ls B°VYt˚\l TVuT”jß YÙd°VeLs
E⁄YÙdLlTh”s[].
UÙQYoLs —VUÙL YÙ£jRÙp, AYu ˙UtLiP
G›j’L˚[ A˚PVÙ[m Li”s[Ùu G] Eflßl
T”jRXÙm.
G]˙Y B£¨˚V UÙQYoL˚[ Ußl©P ClTœß˚Vl
TVuT”jRXÙm.
CPm UÙ±l TÙf—!
'G]dœ Cufl Gu]˙UÙN¨´p˚X. SÙu G›’Y˘RpXÙm CPUÙ±l ˙TÙ°\’"" Gufl S•j’ œZk˚RLfidœ Suœ ˘R¨kR J⁄˘NÙp≠u G›j’dL˚[ CPUÙt± G›’eLs.
" "C’ Gu]˘Yufl ·\ÿ•ŸUÙ?'' Gufl ˙LfieLs.œZk˚RLs Li” ©•j’ÆhPÙp,
""C’ —XTUÙ]’. AR]ÙpLi”©•j’ÆhºoLs. C≤SÙu G›’Y˚Rd Li”©•dL ÿ•ŸUÙ?' ' GuflNYÙp Æh”,
""VÙo VÙo N¨VÙLd Li”©•d°\ÙoLs Gufl G]dœj˘R¨V‘m. G]˙Y Gp˙XÙ⁄m SÙu L⁄m TX˚L´pG›’m ˘NÙtL˚[ N¨VÙd°AYWYo Hh•p G›’eLs''Gufl ˘NÙp≠ L⁄mTX˚L´p G›’eLs. œZk˚RLsCPm UÙ±Ÿs[ G›j’dL˚[ N¨VÙL A”d°N¨VÙ] ˘NÙtL˚[ G›Rh”m.
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
194
L˚R SWm
˙SÙdLm ;
] L˚R ˙LhL‹m ˘NÙpX‹m ß\u ˘TflRp.
œWp Ht\ C\dLj˙RÙ”m, ÿLTÙY UÙt\j˙RÙ”m EQo‹
ÈoYUÙL‹m TÙPlTœß´p ˘LÙ”dLlTh”s[ L˚R˚V
YÙ£j’d LÙhP Yi”m.
Cflß´p L˚R˚V ÿ›˚UVÙLd ·\ œZk˚RLfidœ
YÙnlT∞dL Yi”m.
L˚R ·flm ß\˚] Y[odL C’ ER‹m.
SÙu Lt\ ˘NÙtLs
˙SÙdLm :
] UÙQYu RÙu C]m LiP / Lt\
˘NÙtL˚[ G›’Rp.
A
AmUÙ
A•
Am™
B
B˚U
B”
B•
C
C˚X
C•
C˚N
D
DWm
Dh•
DVm
NÙoh 3
TÙdœUh˚P˚V TPLÙLTVuT”jß].
BTj’ Gufl ˘LÙdœ˘NÙu]’.
TPœ LÆrkR’.
1. TPLÙL G˚Rl TVuT”jß B˚UŸmSiToLfim Æ˚[VÙ•]?
2. BTj’ Gufl ˘NÙu]’ VÙo?
3. TPœ Gu] B]’?
195
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
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A
B
C
D
E
m, l, d, j
h, p, q
i, s, o, f
#Ù
#ı
#ˆ
˚#
˘#
U,T, L, R, P, X, Y
UÙ, TÙ, LÙ, RÙ, PÙ, XÙ, YÙ
¡, ¿, ∏, æ, º, ƒ, ≈
˚U, ˚T, ˚L, ˚R, ˚P, ˚X, ˚Y
˘U, ˘T, ˘L, ˘R, ˘P, ˘X ˘Y
], [, W, N
]Ù, [Ù, WÙ, NÙ
≤, ∞, ¨, £
…, «, √, ∫
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˘], ˘[, ˘W, ˘N
C’Y˚Wd
Lt\ E´o
G›j’Ls
C’Y˚WdLt\˘UnG›j’Ls
C’Y˚Wd Lt\J≠j ’˚Qd
œ±¬”Ls
C’Y˚Wd Lt\ E´o ˘UnG›j’Ls
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
B£-¨-Vo T‡-YpYœl◊ 1
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T´t-£jRÙs
1. TPYÙ£l◊
H˙R-‡m U˚Zd LÙh-£-Ls APe-°V J⁄ TPj˚Rd LÙh”eLs.œZk- R-Ls TPj˚R Et-fld LY-≤j’ LÙh-£-L˚[ £fl YÙd-°-Ve-L-[Ù-Ld ·\h-”m.
2. E˚W-VÙ-Pp.
U˚Zdœ ÿu, U˚Z Tn-Ÿm TÙ’ U˚Zd-œl-©u Re-L-[’U˚Z A‡-T-Yj- Rd ·\h-”m.
3. YÙ£j-Rp
TZm TZm UÙm-T-Zm
TZm TZm TXÙl-T-Zm
˘Yh• ˘Yh• RÙ RÙ
AmUÙ AmUÙ RÙ RÙ.
4. G›-’-Rp.
" D ' Gu\ G›j-ßp RÙPe-œm Íufl NÙt-L˚[ G›-’eLs.
5. UÙߨ ˙TÙufl G›-’e-Ls.
Y• YÙ• Y•
Uh• - - - - - , - - - - - - ˛
Th˚P - - - - - , - - - - - - ˛
Lh• - - - - - , - - - - - - ˛
6. " ˚X ' Gu\ G›j-ßp ÿ•-Ÿm Íufl ˘NÙt-L˚[ G›’eLs.
197
B£-¨-Vo T‡-Yp Yœl◊ 1
AXœ ˛ 3, U˚Z
7. Æ”-ThP Gi-L˚[ G›-’.
1 3 ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ 9
8. N -VÙ-]-Yt-±tœ PPPPP A˚P-VÙ-[ÿm RY-\Ù-]-Yt-±tœ OOOOO A˚P-VÙ-[-ÿm C”-L.
9. ˘T¨V Gi˚Q Yh-P-™-”e-Ls.
9 5 7
1 3 410. TPm Y˚Wk’ Yi-Qm æh-”e-Ls.
3
6
9