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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Unit 6L.3: Classification

• Classifying animals • Classifying Plants

Skills you will be using:

• Classifying • Observing

By the end of this unit you should know:

How to place animals into the major Vertebrate and Invertebrate Taxonomic group

How to use a tree key to classify animals into taxonomic groups.

How to differentiate between internal and external fertilization in vertebrates.

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Classifying animals Because there are so many varied (different) living things,

Scientists need to keep dividing them into smaller groups so

that it can be easy to identify them. They look for differences

and similarities and put the living things into groups. We can

tell the difference between living things by observation. New

living things are discovered every day. Discuss the pictures

below and talk about what they do and don’t have in common!

Classification is sorting things into groups according to their common Characteristics.

6.4.1

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Activity: In the ‘kingdom’ of your class room use the following information to write your classification

PPhhyylluumm BBooyy

GGiirrll

CCllaassss

RRiigghhtt hhaannddeedd

LLeefftt hhaannddeedd

OOrrddeerr

CCaann rroollll ttoonngguuee

CCaannnnoott rroollll ttoonngguuee

FFaammiillyy

CCaann wwiinnkk eeiitthheerr eeyyee

CCaann wwiinnkk oonnllyy oonnee eeyyee

GGeennuuss

CCaann rraaiissee oonnllyy oonnee eeyyeebbrrooww

CCaann rraaiissee bbootthh eeyyeebbrroowwss

SSppeecciieess

CCaann wwiiggggllee eeaarrss

CCaannnnoott wwiiggggllee eeaarrss

What is your classification? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Here is an example of how animals are classified:

• Living things are classified into small Taxonomic groups.

• The taxonomic groups are:

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and

Species.

The first letters of all words combined make up the

word:_____________

All living things are classified into 5 kingdoms:

• 2 major kingdoms: Plants and Animals

• 3 kingdoms of Simple organisms: Monera, Protista and

Fungi.

Fungi Protista Monera

Plant Animal

Living Things

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

The five kingdoms

Examples Important characteristics Kingdom

Monkey, birds, frogs, fish, and spiders

Many-celled, feed on other living things

Animals

Trees, flowers, ferns,

and mosses Many- celled, make their own food Plants

Mushrooms, yeast, and

mold

Most many- celled, absorb food from other living things

Fungi

Amoeba, Most one- celled with nuclei, some make their own food, others do not

Protists

bacteria One- celled, no cell nuclei, some

make their own food, some feed on living things.

Monerans

Key Ideas: • Classification is sorting things into groups according to their common characteristics.

• There are 7 main taxonomic groups in which living organisms are classified: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species.

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Key words: • Classification • Taxonomic groups • Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.

Do you know that: Scientists have been putting living things into groups for hundreds of years? Around 350 BC, Aristotle, the Greek Philosopher, decided there were two main groups of living things: animals and plants. According to Aristotle, plants were green and animals moved.

Do you know who Abu Hanifa al Dinawari (d.895AD) ابوحنيفه احمد بن ?was داوود دينوریHe lived in Andalusia (Spain) and wrote a book classifying plants a long time ago! Called: Kitab al-Nabat

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Key Questions: Fill in the gaps in the following questions: • Living organisms are divided into five kingdoms: ……………..

,………….. , ………….., ………………., ………………. . • Sorting things into groups according to their common

characteristics is called.................. • Use the internet or a book to name a member of each

one of the five kingdoms: o Animal: ________ o Plant: ________ o Monera: ________ o Fungi: ________

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Vertebrates All animals (kingdom) in the world can be put into one of two groups:

• Animals with a backbone are called Vertebrates. (phylum)

• Animals without a backbone are called Invertebrates.

(phylum) • The phylum Vertebrate is divided into 5 classes of

animals that share common characteristics:

Examples Important characteristics Class

Frogs and salamander

Have moist skin, begin life in water Amphibians

Eagles, owls Have wings and feathers, lay eggs Birds

Hamoor Have scales, spend their entire lives in water Fish

Cats, dogs Have hair, make milk for their young Mammals

Lizards, snakes Have dry, scaly skin, lay eggs Reptiles

6.4.1

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

• Vertebrates

Fish

Amphibians

Reptiles

Mammals

Birds

Vertebrate Animals

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Key ideas: • Animals that have a backbone are classified in a

phylum called Vertebrates • Vertebrate animals are classified into 5 classes,

Mammals, reptile, birds, fish and amphibians.

Project: Choose an animal from Qatar’s environment, and put it in its correct classification:

• In order to do that you will need to 1. observe the animal 2. Collect information about the animal 3. Place the animal into it’s correct taxonomic group

Key words: • Backbone • Vertebrates • Mammals,reptile, birds, fish, amphibinans

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Key questions:

• Fill in the gaps to complete the following sentences: • Animals that have fur and give birth to their young are called ……………… • Animals that live in water, reproduce by laying eggs are called …………… • Animals that have dry scaly skin live in wet land and reproduce by laying eggs are called ……………. . • Animals that start their life in water and live their adult life on land, reproduce by laying eggs and have smooth , moist skin are called …………….. . Q2: Look at the animal on the right and answer the questions bellow: 1. What is the class for this

Animal? ______________________

2. What type of body cover does this animal

have?______________

3.Give one characteristic that makes this animal special?

______________________________________________

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Invertebrates

The Phylum Invertebrates are classified into 6 classes. Animals are sorted into these classes because they share common characteristics.

Class Body Habitat Movement Example

Coelenterate Sac-like, soft body Water

Tentacles and stinging

cells

Jelly fish

Segmented worms

Soft round body divided

into segments

Water and land

Hair called chaetae

Earth worm

Molluscs Soft body covered by

shell

Water and land

Large muscular

foot

Snails

Echinoderms

Star shaped Hard skin

covered with spines

Water - Star fish

Flat worms

Flat body Water

and land

-

Planarian

Arthropods Hard exoskeleton

Water and land

Jointed legs

Insects

Invertebrates: Animals without a backbone

6.4.1

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Insects

Invertebrate Animals

Coelenterates

Flat worms

Molluscs

Echinoderms

Segmented worms

Arthropods

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

How could you find out the name of a plant or animal?

• You start at the beginning and answer “yes” or “no” to each

question. It soon takes you to the plant or animal you want.

• Use the following branching key to identify the animals

below.

• Branching key to identify the animals below.

Start here

No Has it got 6 Yes legs? Has it got 8 legs has it got hard wing cases yes no Yes No Beetle Housefly Spider Has it got more than 20 legs Yes no Millipede Wood Louse

Scientists use keys to identify living things. A branching key

has a number of questions that you follow.

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Activity 1:

Use the Following tree key to classify the following Vertebrate

animals into their correct groups:

Does it have fins?

Yes no

Fish does it have feathers?

No Yes

Does it have it is a bird fur or hair?

No yes

Does it have it is a mammal dry scaly skin?

Yes no

Its is a Reptile It is an Amphibian

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Activity 2: Use the Following branching Key to classify the invertebrate animals in the pictures labeled (A-F ) : Start here:

Does it live On land?

Yes No

Does it have does it have A flat body? stinging cells? yes No

No yes

Flat Worms Does it have Echinoderms Coelenterate jointed legs?

yes No

Arthropods is the body

Covered by shell?

yes no

Molluscs Does it have A segmented body?

Yes

Segmented worms

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Key words: • Tree key • Branches • Invertebrates • Flat worms, Segmented worms, Molluscs,

Echinoderms, Round worms, Coelenterate and Arthropods

Key ideas: • Scientists use tree keys to classify unknown animals • You should start with one organism at a time. • Answer all the questions for that organism • Move to another organism after you finish the first

one. • Animals without a backbone are classified in

Invertebrate phylum.

• Invertebrate animals are classified into 7 classes. Each group of animals share common characteristics

Project: What is your favourite animal? Construct a tree key to classify your favourite animal.

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Key Questions: Q1: Choose the correct name for the animal described: (jelly fish, segmented worm, star fish)

• An animal that has a round body divided into segments ……………………

• An animal that has a sac like body, stinging cells and tentacles ……………………

• An animal that has a star shaped body covered by spines. ……………………

Q2: Look at the following animal and give one special characteristic about it.

--------------------- ---------------------

Q3: Here is a graph of the body temperature of a lizard and a mouse as the room temperature increases. a. Which line represents the lizard, line A or B? ___________________ Give a reason for your answer. ______________________________ b. A mouse has to eat more than 4 times the amount that a lizard does. Use the information in the graph to suggest a reason why.

___________________________

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Q4: Define a branching tree key?

------------------------------------------

Q5: Put (T) if the statement is true and (F) if the

statement is false :-

a- flat worms have flat bodies ( ).

b- molluscs have jounted legs ( ).

3- design your own tree key using the following terms:

arthropods, snail, segmented worms, mammals, reptiles.

Q6: Leeches have segmented bodies. They live in fresh water and feed on blood, they can squeeze through very small gaps in clothing to reach the skin and bite their host: Use the information to answer the following:

1. What piece of information shows that leeches are invertebrates?

__________________________________________ 2. What invertebrate group do you think leeches

belong to?________________________________

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Classifying Plants Scientists have described and named millions of plants. They think that millions more will be discovered as we explore planet Earth further.There are many ways in which botanists can classify plants. Botanists classified plants in the following groups according to their common characteristics:

Plants

Algae

Conifer

Ferns

Liverworts

Flowering plants

Monocotyledon Dicotyledon

Mosses

These flowering plants typically have one seed leaf.

These flowering plants typically have two seed leaves.

6.4.2

Comparison of a

monocotyledon and dicotyledon sprouting.

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Use the following branching tree key to place the plants in the following pictures (1 to 12) in their correct taxonomic group, your plant:

Does it have a flower?

No Yes Does it live in water? Does it have 2 cotyledons?

yes No

Does it the produce seeds No yes

Monocotyledon inside cones? Dicotyledon

Algae Yes No

Does it have leaves called

It is a conifer Fronds? Yes No

It is a fern Is it green?

Yes No Does it have a thin It is a fungi

Leathery body?

No Yes

It is a liverwort it is a moss

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Here are some plants that we can find in the Qatari Environment, and their uses:

Plant Used part Uses

Plant Arfaj

Flowers

And leaves

We can add the flowers to the tea to give new taste, also as food for camels; they use the leaves to help in treating

pneumonia.

Plant Alramt

Stem

They use the stem to make a nice smell, and also when dry the stem is used in burning as it lasts

long.

Lavender Plant

Flowers

The flowers give a nice smell, and are used for cooking.

Plant Urticaria

Fruit Root

and Seed

Used to help in treating headaches

and relief from indegestion, also helps in removing

acne.

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

To complete a classification key. Using the information sheet to help you, complete the following classification key.

Does it have a thorny stem?

Are the fruits edible to humans?

Are the leaves sharp and pointed?

Can they ‘sting’ you?

Are the leaves tall and

Yes

Yes Yes

No

No No

Are the flowers scented?

Yes Yes Yes No No No

Holly Blackberry Rose Pyracanthus Nettle

Lungwort Bamboo

Find a picture of the plants mentioned below in order to classify them correctly! Print or draw them in the box

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Key ideas: • Botanists classify plants into two major groups,

flowering plants and non flowering plants • The flowering plants are divided into 2 groups,

monocotyledon and Dicotyledon • The non flowering plants are divided into 5 groups:

mosses, liverworts, algae, ferns and conifers.

Key words:

• Classification • Monocotyledon • Dicotyledon • Liverworts • Mosses • Algae • Ferns

Project: Gather some information about the classes of the plants you have studied and try to construct a simple branching tree key.

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Life science

Grade6, Unit 6L.3. Classification

Key Questions: Q1: Complete the following gabs:

- Plants are divided into two main groups: ………………. And …………………. .

- Flowering plants are divided into two parts: ……………………….. and …………………….. .

- Non flowering plants are divided into five groups: …......…………….., ……….......…....….….., ………..........…………, ……...........……………, ……….......……....….. .

Q2: Collect leaves from different trees. Find three different features for each leaf, and make a tree key to classify the leaves.

Q3: Look at the following picture of plant that we can find in Qatar, and ask your parents about its name and its use.

Name: --------------- Use: -----------------