Unit 9 Grammar

Inversion

倒装

1. She is Lucy.

2. Is she Lucy?

is

Is

She is Lucy.---Subject + v. 陈述语序

Is she Lucy?--- v. + Subject 倒装语序

Which are inversions below?

1. Our government will send him to Sichuan soon.2. Had forty factories been built by 1980?3. What is the main idea of the paragraph?4. The recorder I bought yesterday wasn’t made last month.5. What can I do for you?

2. Had forty factories been built by 1980?

5. What can I do for you?

1. We will not be able to improve the situation until we know more.2. China’s then Premier Zhu Rongji was among the speakers, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world.3. A better understanding of the environment is necessary, and the willingness to act is necessary, too.

4. We can save the earth only by changing the way we live.

5. If I had known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one.

6. Without international cooperation, developing countries can’t prosper, sustainable development will not be possible either.

1. Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation.

2. Among the speakers was China’s then Premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world.

3. A better understanding of the environment is necessary, as is the willingness to act.

4. Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.

5. Had I know that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one.

6. Without international cooperation, developing countries cannot prosper, nor will sustainable development be possible.

The sentences above are

inversion

Inversion

1. There goes the bell.2. Here comes the bus.3. Out rushed the children.4. Away went the boy.

1. There goes the bell.2. Here comes the bus.3. Out rushed the children.4. Away went the boy.

Summary

在以 here, there 或 out, in, up, down, away等副词或介词开头的句子里，动词要全部置于主语前，这称为“全部倒装”。注意：若此时主语是人称代词，则动词不倒装。 e.g. Here he comes.

Here/There/Out/In… + v. + Subject

Structure:

Exercise: Change the sentences into inversion:

a. The bus comes here.

Here _________________.

b. The plane flew away.

Away _________________.

c. They went away.

Away __________ .

comes the bus

flew the plane

they went

1.Only in this way can we work out the physics problem.

2. Never had he had many experiences like that.

3. Not only is he a singer, but (also) he is a dancer.

1.Only in this way can we work out the physics problem.

2.Never had he had many experiences like that.

3. Not only is he a singer, but (also) he is a dancer.

像这种只将谓语中的一部分，如助动词，情态动词或系动词 be，放在主语前面，其余部分仍在主语后面的倒装称为“部分倒装”。

Summary:

部分倒装分以下几种情况：

1. Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.

2. Only then did I realise that many of the things that I did were bad for the environment.

1. Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.

2. Only then did I realise that many of the things that I did were bad for the environment.

only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从 句 , 且置于句首时，用部分倒装。

Summary:

Structure: Only+ 副词、介词短语或状语从句 + 助动词 / 情态动词 /be + Subject

Exercise:

1. Only on Sundays ______ watch TV.A. he can B. can he C. he dose D. does he

B

2. We can save the earth only by learning to live in harmony with nature.Only___________________________________________________________.

by learning to live in harmony with nature can we save the earth

1. Never have I realised that water is so precious.2. Hardly do I think it possible to finish the job before dark.3. Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation.4. Not only is the Earth Summit a place to talk about problems, but (also) it is a place to find.

1. Never have I realised that water is so precious.2. Hardly do I think it possible to finish the job before dark.3. Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation.4. Not only is the Earth Summit a place to talk about problems, but (also) it is a place to find.

含有否定意义的副词或连词，如： hardly, never, not, not only, little, not until 等放在句首时，用部分倒装。

Summary:

注意：在 not only…but also 句型中，只有 not only 分句进行倒装。

4. Not only is the Earth Summit a place to talk about problems, but (also) it is a place to find.

Structure: Hardly/never/not/not only/little/not until…

+ 助动词 / 情态动词 /be + Subject

Exercise:

1. Never in my life _______ so happy!A. I feel B. I felt C. did I feel D. I did feel

C

2. Not only ____________________, but also he writes novels. ( 他不仅教中文，而且还写小说。 )

does he teach Chinese

1. He likes volleyball very much. So do I.2. We went to see the film last Sunday. So did they.3. I have never been abroad. Neither has he.4. I didn’t read the notice on the blackboard, nor did he.

1. He likes volleyball very much. So do I.2. We went to see the film last Sunday. So did they.3. I have never been abroad. Neither has he.4. I didn’t read the notice on the blackboard, nor did he.

把副词 so 放在句首，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人或物。如例句1和2。

Structure: So + be/have/ 助动词 / 情态动词 + Subject

Summary:

把 neither, nor 放在句首，表示前面的否定内容也运用于另一人或物。如例句3和4。Structure: Neither/Nor + be/have/ 助动词 / 情态动词 + Subject

Exercise:

1. I used to like skiing. So _____ he.A. is B. was C. does D. did2. I seldom go to the cinema now. ______

he.A. So does B. Neither does C. So is D. Nor is

D

B

1. If you were a fish, the cat would eat you.

Were you a fish, the cat would eat you.

2. If you had my troubles, you would despair.

Had you my troubles, you would despair.

1. If you were a fish, the cat would eat you.

Were you a fish, the cat would eat you.

2. If you had my troubles, you would despair.

Had you my troubles, you would despair.

虚拟语气中如果 if 在 were, should 和had 这些词前被省略时，用部分倒装。

Summary:

1.If we had known that you were in hospital, we would have come to see you.

__________________________________, we would have come to see you.

Exercise:

Had we known that you were in hospital

2. ____________________ engaged in my present work, I would be quite willing to do what you ask me to.

A. Were I not B. Was I not

C. Would I not be D. Had I not been

A

Homework:

Finish the exercise of grammar on Fengtai Exercise book.

Goodbye

Thank you