Unit ArtUnit Art

Unit 1 A

rt

By: XieYongqing ( 下载整理 )

Warming up --Warming up --Brainstorming Brainstorming

If you were an artist, what kind of pictures If you were an artist, what kind of pictures would you paint?would you paint?

pictures

realistic

abstract

modern

religious

traditional

colourful

kinds of paintingkinds of painting oil paintingoil painting water colorwater color landscapelandscape cartooncartoon

charcoal drawingcharcoal drawing brush drawingbrush drawing wash drawingwash drawing figure drawingfigure drawing graphic artgraphic art imitatingimitating

life drawinglife drawing sketchsketch

Note on technical termsNote on technical terms

abstract--realistic abstract--realistic

Abstract art contains no recognizable real-life oAbstract art contains no recognizable real-life objects but is more concerned with such painterlbjects but is more concerned with such painterly qualities as colour, texture, shape and line. Sy qualities as colour, texture, shape and line. Some painters are semi-abstract, such as much ome painters are semi-abstract, such as much of Picasso’s art. of Picasso’s art.

““Realistic” has been used to encompass all recRealistic” has been used to encompass all recognize figurative art, that is art in which objects ognize figurative art, that is art in which objects are recognizable as real objects. This category are recognizable as real objects. This category covers many styles from covers many styles from

Abstract painting by Haessle

Abstract artAbstract art

is defined as art that has no reference to is defined as art that has no reference to any figurative reality. In its wider definitioany figurative reality. In its wider definition the term describes art that depicts real fn the term describes art that depicts real forms in a simplified or rather reduced waorms in a simplified or rather reduced way - keeping only an allusion of the original y - keeping only an allusion of the original natural subject. The abstract paintings of natural subject. The abstract paintings of Joan Miro are a good example of this widJoan Miro are a good example of this wider definition. The term er definition. The term non-figurativenon-figurative is u is used as a synonym.sed as a synonym.

The RenaissanceThe Renaissance This was a period in European history of great intellectual This was a period in European history of great intellectual

and cultural change and marks the end of the middle ages and cultural change and marks the end of the middle ages and the beginning of modern times. This period was and the beginning of modern times. This period was determined by a renewal of interest in the art and culture of determined by a renewal of interest in the art and culture of Ancient Greece and Rome (the classical period) and an Ancient Greece and Rome (the classical period) and an educational system that valued the humanities ,athletics, educational system that valued the humanities ,athletics, science arts and craft, and athletics and sport. The science arts and craft, and athletics and sport. The Renaissance valued “free thought’ and the extension of Renaissance valued “free thought’ and the extension of knowledge in all fields. Great artists, writers, scientists and knowledge in all fields. Great artists, writers, scientists and explorers proliferated in Europe during this time. A explorers proliferated in Europe during this time. A questioning of traditional values eventually led to a questioning of traditional values eventually led to a questioning of religious doctrines which culminated in the questioning of religious doctrines which culminated in the Reformation, when protestant religions developed to Reformation, when protestant religions developed to challenge Roman catholic doctrine.challenge Roman catholic doctrine.

RenaissanceRenaissance The term adopted from the French equivalent of the Italian word The term adopted from the French equivalent of the Italian word

rinascita, meaning literally "rebirth," describes the radical and rinascita, meaning literally "rebirth," describes the radical and comprehensive changes that took place in European culture during comprehensive changes that took place in European culture during the 15th and 16th centuries, bringing about the demise of the the 15th and 16th centuries, bringing about the demise of the Middle Ages and embodying for the first time the values of the Middle Ages and embodying for the first time the values of the modern world. modern world.

The consciousness of cultural rebirth was itself a characteristic of The consciousness of cultural rebirth was itself a characteristic of the Renaissance. Italian scholars and critics of this period the Renaissance. Italian scholars and critics of this period proclaimed that their age had progressed beyond the barbarism of proclaimed that their age had progressed beyond the barbarism of the past and had found its inspiration, and its closest parallel, in the the past and had found its inspiration, and its closest parallel, in the civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome. civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome.

The term Renaissance, describing the period of European history The term Renaissance, describing the period of European history from the early 14th to the late 16th century, is derived from the from the early 14th to the late 16th century, is derived from the French word for rebirth, and originally referred to the revival of the French word for rebirth, and originally referred to the revival of the values and artistic styles of classical antiquity during that period, values and artistic styles of classical antiquity during that period, especially in Italy. especially in Italy.

During the interval of relative peace from the mid-During the interval of relative peace from the mid-15th century until the French invasions of 1494, 15th century until the French invasions of 1494, Italy experienced a great flowering of culture, Italy experienced a great flowering of culture, especially in Florence and Tuscany under the especially in Florence and Tuscany under the MEDICI. The brilliant period of artistic MEDICI. The brilliant period of artistic achievement continued into the 16th century--the achievement continued into the 16th century--the age of age of Leonardo da VinciLeonardo da Vinci, , RaphaelRaphael, , TitianTitian, and , and MichelangeloMichelangelo--but as Italy began to fall under --but as Italy began to fall under foreign domination, the focus gradually shifted to foreign domination, the focus gradually shifted to other parts of Europe. other parts of Europe.

Influence of Influence of the Renaissancethe Renaissance

The Renaissance lived on in established canons of taste The Renaissance lived on in established canons of taste and literature and in a distinctive Renaissance style in art, and literature and in a distinctive Renaissance style in art, music, and architecture, the last often revived. It also music, and architecture, the last often revived. It also provided the model of many-sided achievement of the provided the model of many-sided achievement of the creative genius, the "universal man," exemplified by creative genius, the "universal man," exemplified by Leonardo da Vinci or Leon Battista ALBERTI. Finally, the Leonardo da Vinci or Leon Battista ALBERTI. Finally, the Renaissance spawned the great creative vernacular Renaissance spawned the great creative vernacular literature of the late 16th century: the earthy fantasies of literature of the late 16th century: the earthy fantasies of RABELAIS(French humanist and writer ), the worldly RABELAIS(French humanist and writer ), the worldly essays of MONTAIGNE, the probing analysis of the essays of MONTAIGNE, the probing analysis of the human condition in the plays of William SHAKESPEARE. human condition in the plays of William SHAKESPEARE.

ImpressionismImpressionism French French ImpressionnismeImpressionnisme, a major movement, first in painting and later , a major movement, first in painting and later

in music, that developed chiefly in France during the late 19th and in music, that developed chiefly in France during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Impressionist painting comprises the work early 20th centuries. Impressionist painting comprises the work produced between about 1867 and 1886 by a group of artists who produced between about 1867 and 1886 by a group of artists who shared a set of related approaches and techniques. The most shared a set of related approaches and techniques. The most conspicuous characteristic of Impressionism was an attempt to conspicuous characteristic of Impressionism was an attempt to accurately and objectively record visual reality in terms of transient accurately and objectively record visual reality in terms of transient effects of light and colour. The principal Impressionist painters were effects of light and colour. The principal Impressionist painters were Claude MonetClaude Monet, , Pierre Auguste RenoirPierre Auguste Renoir, , Camille PissarroCamille Pissarro, , Alfred SisleyAlfred Sisley, , Berthe MorisotBerthe Morisot, , Armand GuillauminArmand Guillaumin, and , and Frédéric BazilleFrédéric Bazille, who worked , who worked together, influenced each other, and exhibited together independently. together, influenced each other, and exhibited together independently. Edgar DegasEdgar Degas and and Paul CézannePaul Cézanne also painted in an Impressionist style also painted in an Impressionist style for a time in the early 1870s. The established painter for a time in the early 1870s. The established painter Édouard ManetÉdouard Manet, , whose work in the 1860s greatly influenced Monet and others of the whose work in the 1860s greatly influenced Monet and others of the group, himself adopted the Impressionist approach about 1873. group, himself adopted the Impressionist approach about 1873.

Impressionism is a light, spontaneous manner of painting which began in FraImpressionism is a light, spontaneous manner of painting which began in France as a reaction against the restrictions and conventions of the dominant nce as a reaction against the restrictions and conventions of the dominant Academic artAcademic art. Its naturalistic and down-to-earth treatment of its subject matte. Its naturalistic and down-to-earth treatment of its subject matter, most commonly landscapes, has its roots in the French r, most commonly landscapes, has its roots in the French RealismRealism of of Camille Camille CorotCorot and others. and others.

The movement's name was derived from Monet's early work, The movement's name was derived from Monet's early work, Impression: SuImpression: Sunrisenrise, which was singled out for criticism by Louis Leroy upon its exhibition., which was singled out for criticism by Louis Leroy upon its exhibition.

The hallmark of the style is the attempt to capture the subjective impression The hallmark of the style is the attempt to capture the subjective impression of light in a scene.of light in a scene.

The core of the earliest Impressionist group was made up of The core of the earliest Impressionist group was made up of Claude MonetClaude Monet, , Alfred Alfred SisleySisley and and Pierre-Pierre-AugusteAuguste Renoir Renoir. Others associated with this period w. Others associated with this period were ere Camille Camille PissarroPissarro, , Frederic Frederic BazilleBazille, , Edgar DegasEdgar Degas, Gustave Caillebotte, Ed, Gustave Caillebotte, Edouard Manet, and the American Mary Cassatt.ouard Manet, and the American Mary Cassatt.

the impressionist style of the impressionist style of painting painting

is characterized chiefly by concentration on the general is characterized chiefly by concentration on the general impression produced by a scene or object and the use of impression produced by a scene or object and the use of unmixed primary colors and small strokes to simulate actual unmixed primary colors and small strokes to simulate actual reflected light. reflected light. Impressionist artist Impressionist artist

The impressionist aim to capture the atmosphere of an instThe impressionist aim to capture the atmosphere of an instantaneous moment in time. The artist creates the effect of liantaneous moment in time. The artist creates the effect of light on the surface of the subject using complimentary colought on the surface of the subject using complimentary colour. Realizing that you cant reproduce natures effects in two dr. Realizing that you cant reproduce natures effects in two dimension they result to using colour side by side (rather thaimension they result to using colour side by side (rather than mixed colour) to enhance the effect of a fleeting moment tn mixed colour) to enhance the effect of a fleeting moment thus leaving the viewer to perceive colour in their mind hus leaving the viewer to perceive colour in their mind

ImpressionismImpressionism Impressionist art originated in France in tImpressionist art originated in France in t

he 1860s and dominated European in Frhe 1860s and dominated European in France and American art up to the end of tance and American art up to the end of the 19th century. Impressionist artists wahe 19th century. Impressionist artists wanted to capture the way light plays on objnted to capture the way light plays on objects in nature. Main impressionist artists ects in nature. Main impressionist artists were Monet, Renoir, Sisley, Cezanne anwere Monet, Renoir, Sisley, Cezanne and Degas. From the 1880s onwards, artistd Degas. From the 1880s onwards, artists began to move away from the pure imps began to move away from the pure impressionist theories and their style were dressionist theories and their style were described as post-impression.escribed as post-impression.

Post-ImpressionismPost-Impressionism The Impressionist style was probably the single most successful and The Impressionist style was probably the single most successful and

identifiable "movement" ever, and is still widely practiced today. But identifiable "movement" ever, and is still widely practiced today. But as an intellectual school it faded towards the end of the 19th century, as an intellectual school it faded towards the end of the 19th century, branching out into a variety of successive movements which are genbranching out into a variety of successive movements which are generally grouped under the term erally grouped under the term Post-ImpressionismPost-Impressionism..

Post-Impressionism is an umbrella term that encompasses a variety Post-Impressionism is an umbrella term that encompasses a variety of artists who were influenced by of artists who were influenced by ImpressionismImpressionism but took their art in o but took their art in other directions.ther directions.

There is no single well-defined style of Post-Impressionism, but in geThere is no single well-defined style of Post-Impressionism, but in general it is less idyllic and more emotionally charged than Impressionineral it is less idyllic and more emotionally charged than Impressionist work.st work.

The classic Post-Impressionists are The classic Post-Impressionists are Paul GauguinPaul Gauguin, , Paul CezannePaul Cezanne, , Vincent van GoghVincent van Gogh, , Henri RousseauHenri Rousseau and and Henri de Toulouse-LautrecHenri de Toulouse-Lautrec. The . The PointillistsPointillists and and Les Les NabisNabis are also generally included among the Post-I are also generally included among the Post-Impressionists.mpressionists.

Giotto di BondoneGiotto di Bondone(1267 - 1337). (1267 - 1337).

Florentine painter and architect. Outstanding as a Florentine painter and architect. Outstanding as a painter, sculptor, and architect, Giotto was recognipainter, sculptor, and architect, Giotto was recognized as the first genius of art in the Italian Renaissazed as the first genius of art in the Italian Renaissance. Giotto lived and worked at a time when peoplnce. Giotto lived and worked at a time when people's minds and talents were first being freed from the's minds and talents were first being freed from the shackles of medieval restraint. He dealt largely in e shackles of medieval restraint. He dealt largely in the traditional religious subjects, but he gave these the traditional religious subjects, but he gave these subjects an earthly, full-blooded life and force. subjects an earthly, full-blooded life and force.

The Mourning of Christ

Michelangelo - Portrait Michelangelo - Portrait

Michelangelo ------Italian Italian RenaissanceRenaissance sculptor, painter, architect, sculptor, painter, architect, and poet who exerted an unparalleled influence on the and poet who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art. development of Western art.

I cannot live under I cannot live under pressures from pressures from patrons, let alone patrons, let alone paint. -- paint. -- Michelangelo, Michelangelo, quoted in Vasari's quoted in Vasari's Lives of the ArtistsLives of the Artists

Delphes Sylphide ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City

Gigantic marble, started in 1501 anGigantic marble, started in 1501 and completed in 1504.d completed in 1504.

Michelangelo began work on the coMichelangelo began work on the colossal figure of David in 1501, and lossal figure of David in 1501, and by 1504 the sculpture (standing at by 1504 the sculpture (standing at 4.34m/14 ft 3 in tall) was in place o4.34m/14 ft 3 in tall) was in place outside the Palazzo Vecchio. The chutside the Palazzo Vecchio. The choice of David was supposed to refloice of David was supposed to reflect the power and determination of ect the power and determination of Republican Florence and was undeRepublican Florence and was under constant attack from supporters of r constant attack from supporters of the usurped Medicis. In the 19th cethe usurped Medicis. In the 19th century the statue was moved to the ntury the statue was moved to the Accademia. Accademia.

The Holy Family The Holy Family with the infant St. with the infant St. John the Baptist John the Baptist (the Doni Tondo)(the Doni Tondo) c. 1503-05 (130 c. 1503-05 (130 Kb); Tempera on Kb); Tempera on panel, Diameter 1panel, Diameter 120 cm (47 in); Uffi20 cm (47 in); Uffizi, Florence zi, Florence

The Creation of Man (Fragment of the Sistine Chapel ceiling) 1511-12

Creation of the Sun and Moon

Tommaso di ser Giovanni di Mone Tommaso di ser Giovanni di Mone Cassai (San Giovanni Valdarno 14Cassai (San Giovanni Valdarno 1401- Rome 1428). He was one of th01- Rome 1428). He was one of the most important painters of the 15e most important painters of the 15th century and the founder of Renath century and the founder of Renaissance painting. He took up the inissance painting. He took up the inheritance of Giotto, developing it aheritance of Giotto, developing it according to the new techniques anccording to the new techniques and methods of perspective, thus givid methods of perspective, thus giving the human figure a completely ng the human figure a completely new, freer and more concrete positnew, freer and more concrete position in the world.ion in the world.

the series of frescoes in the Brancacci Chapel in Santa Mthe series of frescoes in the Brancacci Chapel in Santa Maria del Carmine. They are considered to be the first real aria del Carmine. They are considered to be the first real paintings of the Renaissance. Masaccio was to condense paintings of the Renaissance. Masaccio was to condense the ideas behind the new naturalistic revolution in his storthe ideas behind the new naturalistic revolution in his stories of St. Peter and the Original Sin: the space was divideies of St. Peter and the Original Sin: the space was divided up according to the rules of scientific perspective, light d up according to the rules of scientific perspective, light came from a precise direction and the shadows gave depcame from a precise direction and the shadows gave depth and great intensity to the figures; this was a holy story th and great intensity to the figures; this was a holy story which found itself in the reality of the moment and was tolwhich found itself in the reality of the moment and was told with great simplicity.d with great simplicity.This cycle of frescoes found immediate fame and is extreThis cycle of frescoes found immediate fame and is extremely important in the history of painting mely important in the history of painting

Frescoes in St. Maria del Carmine - Brancacci Chapel

EdouardEdouard ManetManet On the bridge between On the bridge between RealismRealism and and ImpressionismImpressionism is is

EdouardEdouard ManetManet. Born in Paris in 1832, he preferred a mo. Born in Paris in 1832, he preferred a more classical approach to painting. However, his subject mre classical approach to painting. However, his subject matter in paintings such as Le Dejeuner Sur L'herbe and Olatter in paintings such as Le Dejeuner Sur L'herbe and Olympia gave him the reputation as a nonconformist. Maneympia gave him the reputation as a nonconformist. Manet places the Olympia we see in t places the Olympia we see in classicalclassical paintings in a co paintings in a contemporary setting rather than an allegorical one and she ntemporary setting rather than an allegorical one and she looks directly at the viewer. The refusal of the salon to shlooks directly at the viewer. The refusal of the salon to show these paintings earned him the dubious title, "Father ow these paintings earned him the dubious title, "Father of Impressionism". of Impressionism".

The Monet Family in Their Garden at Argenteuil, 1874Édouard Manet (French, 1832–1883)Oil on canvas; 24 x 39 1/4 in. (61 x 99.7 cm)Bequest of Joan Whitney Payson, 1975 (1976.201.14)

In the summer of 1874, Manet stayed at his family's house in In the summer of 1874, Manet stayed at his family's house in Gennevilliers, just across the Seine from Monet in Argenteuil. Gennevilliers, just across the Seine from Monet in Argenteuil. The Monet family was living in a house that Manet had helped The Monet family was living in a house that Manet had helped them find the year before. The two painters saw each other ofthem find the year before. The two painters saw each other often that summer and Manet attempted twice to paint Monet aten that summer and Manet attempted twice to paint Monet and his wife Camille as Monet worked aboard his floating studind his wife Camille as Monet worked aboard his floating studio. While Manet painted the Monet family, Renoir painted besio. While Manet painted the Monet family, Renoir painted beside him and Monet worked nearby. Monet painted Manet at hide him and Monet worked nearby. Monet painted Manet at his easel (present location unknown), while Renoir, like Manet, s easel (present location unknown), while Renoir, like Manet, painted Madame Monet, Jean Monet, and the rooster (Nationpainted Madame Monet, Jean Monet, and the rooster (National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.). Monet later recalled that al Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.). Monet later recalled that as Renoir painted, Manet glanced at his canvas from time to tias Renoir painted, Manet glanced at his canvas from time to time, and at one point the older artist walked over to Monet anme, and at one point the older artist walked over to Monet and whispered: "He has no talent, that boy! Since you're his fried whispered: "He has no talent, that boy! Since you're his friend, tell him to give up painting!" nd, tell him to give up painting!"

Claude Monet ---Claude Monet ---Impressionism Impressionism

Sunrise

French Impressionist painter, who brought the study of the transient effects of natural light to its most refined expression.

1883 Monet settled at Giverny where he 1883 Monet settled at Giverny where he created a magnificent garden. This gardecreated a magnificent garden. This garden was the inspiration for most of his later n was the inspiration for most of his later work and inspired the series Water Lilies work and inspired the series Water Lilies and the Japanese Bridge (begun in 189and the Japanese Bridge (begun in 1899). As age and deteriorating eyesight des9). As age and deteriorating eyesight descended upon the artist his works lost almcended upon the artist his works lost almost all sense of form and are now referreost all sense of form and are now referred to as 'Abstract Impressionism'. someond to as 'Abstract Impressionism'. someone once said that Monet was "only an eye, e once said that Monet was "only an eye, but my God, what an eye." Monet died obut my God, what an eye." Monet died on December 5, was known to have said tn December 5, was known to have said that he "feared the dark more than deathat he "feared the dark more than death."h."

The only merit I have is to have painted directly

from nature with the aim of conveying my impression in front of

the most fugitive effects.

Claude Monet

Claude MonetClaude Monet is best known for his paintings of his garden is best known for his paintings of his garden at at GivernyGiverny. In the 1890's he began to build a water garden . In the 1890's he began to build a water garden around his house. There he painted his famous water lily paround his house. There he painted his famous water lily paintings. By 1909 he had conceptualized an idea for a vast aintings. By 1909 he had conceptualized an idea for a vast project of water lily canvases that would envelop an entire project of water lily canvases that would envelop an entire room. From 1916 almost until his death he worked on thesroom. From 1916 almost until his death he worked on these canvases. He spoke of this endeavor, "In the night I am e canvases. He spoke of this endeavor, "In the night I am constantly haunted by what I am trying to realize. I rise broconstantly haunted by what I am trying to realize. I rise broken with fatigue every morning." In these canvases perspeken with fatigue every morning." In these canvases perspective is reduced to the water lilies floating on the surface of ctive is reduced to the water lilies floating on the surface of the water. the water.

Wheatstacks (End of Summer)1890-91,Oil on canvas, 60 x 100 

Monet paints thick with strange combination of colour in later life probably because his eyesight was failing. He naturally was having difficultly coming to terms with blindness, every artist nightmare. he had an accurate memory for colour and would get his stepdaughter to help with the colour before applying it to the canvas.

Monet has crystallized a sound knowledge of the theories of colour perception, intentionally using warm nest to cool and yellow next to blue to vitalized his painting

"I prefer enjoying  my bad sight, renouncing to paint if necessary, but at least see a bit what I like."

Claude Monet

Garden at Sainte-Adresse

Haystacks at Chailly at Sunrise1865, oil on canvas, 30 x 60 cm 

San Diego Museum of Art

Poplars from Marsh Claude Monet

"The passing cloud, the cooling breeze, the sudden storm that threatens to burst and finally does, the wind that stirs

and suddenly blows with full force, the light that fades and is reborn are all things, elusive to the eyes of the uninitiated,

that transfigure the color and shape of the bodies of water."   Claude Monet

 

Poplars at Giverny

"My sensitivity, far from diminishing, has been

sharpened by age, which holds no fears for me so long as unbroken communication with the outside world continues to fuel my curiosity, so

long as my hand remains a ready and

faithful interpreter of my perception."

Claude Monet

Rouen Cathedral: The Rouen Cathedral: The Portal (in Sun)Portal (in Sun), 1894, 1894Claude Monet (French, Claude Monet (French, 1840–1926)1840–1926)Oil on canvas; 39 1/4 x 25 Oil on canvas; 39 1/4 x 25 7/8 in. (99.7 x 65.7 cm)7/8 in. (99.7 x 65.7 cm)Theodore M. Davis Theodore M. Davis Collection, Bequest of Collection, Bequest of Theodore M. Davis, 1915 Theodore M. Davis, 1915 (30.95.250)(30.95.250)

The Houses of Parliament at Sunset

1919

Water Lilies

Pierre Auguste Renoir French Impressionist painter. He French Impressionist painter. He

is recognized as one of the greatis recognized as one of the greatest and most independent painterest and most independent painters of his period, and is noted for ths of his period, and is noted for the brilliance of his colour and the ie brilliance of his colour and the intimate charm of his work, which ntimate charm of his work, which takes in a wide variety of subjecttakes in a wide variety of subjects. Unlike other Impressionists, he s. Unlike other Impressionists, he was as much interested in paintinwas as much interested in painting the human figure or portraits as g the human figure or portraits as he was in landscapes; unlike thehe was in landscapes; unlike them, too, he did not subordinate com, too, he did not subordinate composition and form to a fascinatimposition and form to a fascination with rendering the effect of ligon with rendering the effect of light.ht.

RenoirRenoir was especially concerned with the was especially concerned with the play of light and shadow as they danced play of light and shadow as they danced across the surface of an object. The across the surface of an object. The fondness for impressionism exists today fondness for impressionism exists today because these images capture forever the because these images capture forever the changing moments of time that we can all changing moments of time that we can all relate to in our contemporary world. relate to in our contemporary world.

Raphael ---Raphael ---Italian painter whose works, including rItalian painter whose works, including religious subjects, portraits, and frescoes, exemplify the ideals of eligious subjects, portraits, and frescoes, exemplify the ideals of the High Renaissance.the High Renaissance.

Raphael is best known for his Madonnas and for his large figure compositions in the Vatican in Rome. His work is admired for its clarity of form and ease of composition and for its visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur.

While we may term other works paintings, those of Raphael are living things; the flesh palpitates, the breath comes and goes, every organ lives, life pulsates everywhere.

Head of the Virgin in Three-Quarter View Facing Right, 1508–12

Leonardo da Vinci (Italian, 1452–1519)ItalianCharcoal, black and red chalks; traces of framing line in pen and brown ink at upper right; 8 x 6 1/8 in. (20.3 x 15.6 cm)

This hauntingly beautiful drawing closely relates to an oil painting on panel This hauntingly beautiful drawing closely relates to an oil painting on panel of the of the Virgin and Child with Saint AnneVirgin and Child with Saint Anne from around 1508–12, and may have from around 1508–12, and may have been a preparatory study for it. The head seen here appears to be exactly thbeen a preparatory study for it. The head seen here appears to be exactly the size of the Virgin's head in the Louvre painting. The delicately finished drae size of the Virgin's head in the Louvre painting. The delicately finished drawing focuses on the atmospheric dissolution of her relieflike forms, and viviwing focuses on the atmospheric dissolution of her relieflike forms, and vividly illustrates the depth of Leonardo's explorations of optical phenomena ladly illustrates the depth of Leonardo's explorations of optical phenomena late in his career. The artist would increasingly rely on complex pictorial techte in his career. The artist would increasingly rely on complex pictorial techniques of drawing to articulate his scientific research on the perspective of niques of drawing to articulate his scientific research on the perspective of color, the disappearance of form, and the gradations of light and shadow. Hcolor, the disappearance of form, and the gradations of light and shadow. Here, Leonardo reworked the charcoal and black chalk drawing with red chalere, Leonardo reworked the charcoal and black chalk drawing with red chalk, especially evident in the face (but also extending less noticeably to the lok, especially evident in the face (but also extending less noticeably to the locks of hair in the underdrawing). He softly smudged all the strokes of drawicks of hair in the underdrawing). He softly smudged all the strokes of drawing to achieve a seamlessly blended tone "in the manner of smoke" (ng to achieve a seamlessly blended tone "in the manner of smoke" (fumofumo), ), as he called it in his notes. It conforms with the observable phenomenon of as he called it in his notes. It conforms with the observable phenomenon of disappearing edges in the secondary planes of a perspectival space, a subjdisappearing edges in the secondary planes of a perspectival space, a subject that he amply discussed in his scientific writings. Further preparatory stect that he amply discussed in his scientific writings. Further preparatory studies for the udies for the Virgin and Child with Saint AnneVirgin and Child with Saint Anne composition are at the Royal composition are at the Royal Library (Windsor Castle), and these transform scientific principles into a picLibrary (Windsor Castle), and these transform scientific principles into a pictorial language of magical force and nuance.torial language of magical force and nuance.

FauvismFauvism

The word Fauvism comes from the French word The word Fauvism comes from the French word ffauveauve, which means "wild animals". And indeeed - , which means "wild animals". And indeeed - this new modern art style was a bit wild - with strothis new modern art style was a bit wild - with strong and vivid colors. Paul Gauguin and the Dutch ng and vivid colors. Paul Gauguin and the Dutch painter Vincent painter Vincent van Goghvan Gogh had carried Impressioni had carried Impressionism to its limits by using expressive colors. Fauvissm to its limits by using expressive colors. Fauvism went one step further in using simplified designm went one step further in using simplified designs in combination with an "orgy of pure colors" as is in combination with an "orgy of pure colors" as it was characterized by their critics. t was characterized by their critics.

Gogh, Vincent Willem van Gogh, Vincent Willem van (1853-1890), Dutch (1853-1890), Dutch

postimpressionist painter, postimpressionist painter, whose work on canvas whose work on canvas

represents the archetype of represents the archetype of expressionism, the idea of expressionism, the idea of emotional spontaneity in emotional spontaneity in

painting. painting.

Self Portrait

Early in life he displayed a moody, restless temperament that Early in life he displayed a moody, restless temperament that was to thwart his every pursuit. By the age of 27 he had been was to thwart his every pursuit. By the age of 27 he had been in turn a salesman in an art gallery, a French tutor, a theologiin turn a salesman in an art gallery, a French tutor, a theological student, and an evangelist among the miners at Wasmes cal student, and an evangelist among the miners at Wasmes in Belgium. His experiences as a preacher are reflected in his in Belgium. His experiences as a preacher are reflected in his first paintings on canvas of peasants and potato diggers; of tfirst paintings on canvas of peasants and potato diggers; of these early works, the best known is the rough, earthy Potato hese early works, the best known is the rough, earthy Potato Eaters (1885, Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh, Amsterdam). Eaters (1885, Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh, Amsterdam). Dark and somber, sometimes crude, these early works evideDark and somber, sometimes crude, these early works evidence van Gogh's intense desire to express on canvas the misence van Gogh's intense desire to express on canvas the misery and poverty of humanity as he saw it among the miners in ry and poverty of humanity as he saw it among the miners in Belgium.Belgium.

Wheatfield with Crows (Auvers-sur-Oise, July 1890)Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890)Oil on canvas; 50.5 x 103 cm

Nursery on the SchenkwegNursery on the Schenkweg, April 1882, April 1882Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890)Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890)Reed pen and iron gall ink; brush and wash; touches of gouache and scraping on laid paper; 11 5Reed pen and iron gall ink; brush and wash; touches of gouache and scraping on laid paper; 11 5/8 x 23 1/16 in. (29.6 x 58.5 cm)/8 x 23 1/16 in. (29.6 x 58.5 cm)Bequest of Walter C. Baker, 1971 (1972.118.281)Bequest of Walter C. Baker, 1971 (1972.118.281)

  Van Gogh's first commission came from his uncle Cornelis Marinus, an art dealer, for drawings   Van Gogh's first commission came from his uncle Cornelis Marinus, an art dealer, for drawings of views of the Hague, where he was then living. This large view of a nursery close to Van Gogh's of views of the Hague, where he was then living. This large view of a nursery close to Van Gogh's studio was among those he sent.studio was among those he sent.

Museum, AmsterdamThe Potato Eaters (Nuenen, April – May 1885)Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890)Oil on canvas; 82 x 114 cmImage courtesy of Van Gogh Museum Foundation, Amsterdam / Vincent van Gogh

Van Gogh's admiration for the BarVan Gogh's admiration for the Barbizon artists, in particular Jean-Frabizon artists, in particular Jean-François Millet, influenced his decisionçois Millet, influenced his decision to paint rural life. In the winter of n to paint rural life. In the winter of 1884–85, while living with his pare1884–85, while living with his parents in Nuenen, he painted more thnts in Nuenen, he painted more than forty studies of peasant heads, an forty studies of peasant heads, which culminated in his first multifiwhich culminated in his first multifigured, large-scale composition gured, large-scale composition ThThe Potato Eaterse Potato Eaters) (Rijksmuseum Vi) (Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh, Amsterdam); in tncent van Gogh, Amsterdam); in this gritty portrayal of a peasant fahis gritty portrayal of a peasant family at mealtime, Van Gogh wrote mily at mealtime, Van Gogh wrote that he sought to express that they that he sought to express that they "used the same hands with which t"used the same hands with which they now take food from the plate they now take food from the plate to dig the earth." Its dark palette ano dig the earth." Its dark palette and coarse application of paint typify d coarse application of paint typify works from the artist's Nuenen perworks from the artist's Nuenen period iod

The Potato Peeler (recto: Self-PortrThe Potato Peeler (recto: Self-Portrait with a Straw Hat)ait with a Straw Hat), 1885, 1885Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–189Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890)0)Oil on canvas; 16 x 12 1/2 in. (40.6 x Oil on canvas; 16 x 12 1/2 in. (40.6 x 31.8 cm)31.8 cm)Bequest of Miss Adelaide Milton de GBequest of Miss Adelaide Milton de Groot (1876–1967), 1967 (67.187.70b)root (1876–1967), 1967 (67.187.70b)

This painting of February–March 1885,This painting of February–March 1885, with its restricted palette of dark tone with its restricted palette of dark tones, coarse fracture, and blocky drawing,s, coarse fracture, and blocky drawing, is typical of the kind of works Van Go is typical of the kind of works Van Gogh painted in Nuenen, the year before gh painted in Nuenen, the year before he left Holland for France. Van Goghe left Holland for France. Van Gogh's peasant studies of 1885 culminateh's peasant studies of 1885 culminated in his first important painting, d in his first important painting, The PThe Potato Eatersotato Eaters (Rijksmuseum Vincent va (Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh, Amsterdam). n Gogh, Amsterdam).

EnlargeEnlargeShoesShoes, 1888, 1888Vincent van Gogh (DutcVincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890)h, 1853–1890)Oil on canvas; 18 x 21 Oil on canvas; 18 x 21 3/4 in. (45.7 x 55.2 cm)3/4 in. (45.7 x 55.2 cm)Purchase, The AnnenbPurchase, The Annenberg Foundation Gift, 19erg Foundation Gift, 1992 (1992.374)92 (1992.374)

   

Van Gogh painted several still lives of shoes or boots during his Paris period. ThiVan Gogh painted several still lives of shoes or boots during his Paris period. This picture, painted later in Arles, evinces a unique return to the earlier motif. Unlike s picture, painted later in Arles, evinces a unique return to the earlier motif. Unlike the first works, Van Gogh has here placed the shoes within a specific spatial contethe first works, Van Gogh has here placed the shoes within a specific spatial context, namely, the red-tile floor of the Yellow House. Not only may we identify the settixt, namely, the red-tile floor of the Yellow House. Not only may we identify the setting, but perhaps the owner of the boots as well. It has been suggested that "this sting, but perhaps the owner of the boots as well. It has been suggested that "this still life of a peasant's old boots" may have been those of the peasant Patience Escall life of a peasant's old boots" may have been those of the peasant Patience Escalier, whose portrait Van Gogh executed around the same time, in late summer 188lier, whose portrait Van Gogh executed around the same time, in late summer 1888.8.

The Flowering OrchardThe Flowering Orchard, 1888, 1888Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890)890)Oil on canvas; 28 1/2 x 21 in. (72.Oil on canvas; 28 1/2 x 21 in. (72.4 x 53.3 cm)4 x 53.3 cm)The Mr. and Mrs. Henry Ittleson JThe Mr. and Mrs. Henry Ittleson Jr. Purchase Fund, 1956 (56.13)r. Purchase Fund, 1956 (56.13)

This painting belongs to a series oThis painting belongs to a series of fourteen blossoming orchards thf fourteen blossoming orchards that Van Gogh painted in spring 188at Van Gogh painted in spring 1888, shortly after his arrival in Arles, 8, shortly after his arrival in Arles, the Provençal town in the south of the Provençal town in the south of France where he worked from FeFrance where he worked from February 1888 until May 1889. The bruary 1888 until May 1889. The present example, which includes present example, which includes a scythe and rake, is one of only ta scythe and rake, is one of only two orchards that allude to human wo orchards that allude to human presence or labor. The motif and presence or labor. The motif and Van Gogh's stylized treatment are Van Gogh's stylized treatment are related to Japanese prints. related to Japanese prints.

The composition and calligraphic The composition and calligraphic handling of handling of The Flowering OrcharThe Flowering Orchardd ( (56.1356.13) suggest the ) suggest the influence of Japanese printsinfluence of Japanese prints, whic, which Van Gogh collected h Van Gogh collected

First Steps, after First Steps, after MilletMillet, 1890, 1890Vincent van Gogh Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890)(Dutch, 1853–1890)Oil on canvas; 28 1/2 x Oil on canvas; 28 1/2 x 35 7/8 in. (72.4 x 91.1 35 7/8 in. (72.4 x 91.1 cm)cm)Gift of George N. and Gift of George N. and Helen M. Richard, Helen M. Richard, 1964 (64.165.2)1964 (64.165.2)

In fall and winter 1889–90, while a voluntary patient at the asylum in Saint-Rémy, Van Gogh painted twenty-one copies after Millet, an artist he greatly admired. He considered his copies "improvisations" or "translations" akin to a musician's interpretation of a composer's work. He let the black-and-white images—whether prints, reproductions, or, as here, a photograph that his brother Theo had sent—"pose as subject," then he would "improvise color on it." For this work of January 1890, Van Gogh squared up a photograph of Millet's First Steps, which he then transferred to the canvas.

Portrait of Picasso, 1912, by Juan Gris

Hand Painted Original Oil on Hand Painted Original Oil on Canvas Canvas

Figure out Chinese meanings.Figure out Chinese meanings.

Double Joy & Happiness

Good FortuneGood Fortune

Longevity

Bamboo, Pine, Plum Under Bamboo, Pine, Plum Under MoonlightMoonlight

Introduction of Introduction of Three Friends in WinterThree Friends in Winterandand other Chinese paintingsother Chinese paintings

Chinese Bamboo Chinese Bamboo Paintings Paintings Always green in color, bamboo is a symbol of old Always green in color, bamboo is a symbol of old

age and modesty. age and modesty. Chinese paintingsChinese paintings with bamboo with bamboo and plums together represent man and wife. As Band plums together represent man and wife. As Bamboo does not die in the winter but remains upriamboo does not die in the winter but remains upright and evergreen even in the harshest of weather,ght and evergreen even in the harshest of weather, bamboo symbolizes long friendship and a bringer bamboo symbolizes long friendship and a bringer of great happiness. of great happiness. Bamboo, pine trees, and pluBamboo, pine trees, and plums commonly seen together in Chinese paintims commonly seen together in Chinese paintings are known as the "Three Friends in Wintengs are known as the "Three Friends in Winter".r". In Chinese paintings of plants, the four noble pl In Chinese paintings of plants, the four noble plants are the bamboo, orchid, chrysanthemum, and ants are the bamboo, orchid, chrysanthemum, and plum blossom. A bamboo twig or branch is one of plum blossom. A bamboo twig or branch is one of the emblems of the goddess of mercy, Guanyin.the emblems of the goddess of mercy, Guanyin.Bamboo is one of the first subjects a Chinese artisBamboo is one of the first subjects a Chinese artist will learn to paint yet it is said painting bamboo tat will learn to paint yet it is said painting bamboo takes a lifetime to master.kes a lifetime to master.

Chinese Plum Blossom Chinese Plum Blossom PaintingsPaintings

One of the most famous flowers in China, the plum flower has One of the most famous flowers in China, the plum flower has a bright color and gives off a fragrant aroma. It is pretty and haa bright color and gives off a fragrant aroma. It is pretty and has a delicate fragrant smell. The flower has been loved by the ps a delicate fragrant smell. The flower has been loved by the people since ancient times. Noble and unsullied, the plum floweeople since ancient times. Noble and unsullied, the plum flower braves snow and frost to bloom in the cold winter, bringing vir braves snow and frost to bloom in the cold winter, bringing vigor and vitality to the world and encouraging the people. Men gor and vitality to the world and encouraging the people. Men of letters in China often compared plum flower to human persoof letters in China often compared plum flower to human personality. The flower consists of five petals, symbolizing five auspinality. The flower consists of five petals, symbolizing five auspiciousnesses. Plum flower, pine, bamboo, and chrysanthemum ciousnesses. Plum flower, pine, bamboo, and chrysanthemum form the “four plants of virtue.” When the plum flower, pine, anform the “four plants of virtue.” When the plum flower, pine, and bamboo are together, they are known as the three durable frid bamboo are together, they are known as the three durable friends of winter. In Chinese, the characters plum and eyebrow hends of winter. In Chinese, the characters plum and eyebrow have the same pronunciation. When a magpie bird perches in a ave the same pronunciation. When a magpie bird perches in a plum tree, the tree and the bird form a design meaning happinplum tree, the tree and the bird form a design meaning happiness and appears on the eyebrows. ess and appears on the eyebrows.

Chinese Peony Paintings Chinese Peony Paintings

Chinese peony paintings are hung in the home for good luck and in the Chinese peony paintings are hung in the home for good luck and in the office place for a good, prosperous business. The tree peony bears the office place for a good, prosperous business. The tree peony bears the title of “The King of Flowers” although it is sometimes referred to as “The title of “The King of Flowers” although it is sometimes referred to as “The Queen of Flowers”. Known as the flower of riches and honor, the peony Queen of Flowers”. Known as the flower of riches and honor, the peony is a emblem of wealth and distinction. It is also regarded as an omen of is a emblem of wealth and distinction. It is also regarded as an omen of good fortune.good fortune.An emblem of love and affection and a symbol of feminine beauty, the An emblem of love and affection and a symbol of feminine beauty, the Chinese tree peony represents the season of Spring (Lotus of Summer, Chinese tree peony represents the season of Spring (Lotus of Summer, Chrysanthemum of Autumn, Wild Plum of Winter). The Chinese tree Chrysanthemum of Autumn, Wild Plum of Winter). The Chinese tree peony is a flower of the Yang principle, that of brightness and peony is a flower of the Yang principle, that of brightness and masculinity.masculinity.

Deep red peonies are known as “ink”, the white peony as “jade” and the Deep red peonies are known as “ink”, the white peony as “jade” and the cream peony as “bright”. Most highly prized are the red “ink” peonies cream peony as “bright”. Most highly prized are the red “ink” peonies with a yellow mark on the petal edge. Red Chinese peonies are typical with a yellow mark on the petal edge. Red Chinese peonies are typical found on found on Chinese paintingsChinese paintings although other colors may accompany them. although other colors may accompany them.

Chinese Lotus PaintingsChinese Lotus Paintings

Very popular within the Chinese culture, the Very popular within the Chinese culture, the lotus is one of the most often painted flowers. lotus is one of the most often painted flowers. Mainly thanks to the Buddhist influence, the Mainly thanks to the Buddhist influence, the lotus (or sea-rose) is of unique importance in lotus (or sea-rose) is of unique importance in Chinese folklore and symbolism. It is the symbol Chinese folklore and symbolism. It is the symbol of purity. The lotus comes out of the dark mire of purity. The lotus comes out of the dark mire but is not itself soiled. It is inwardly empty yet but is not itself soiled. It is inwardly empty yet outwardly upright. It has no branches but yet outwardly upright. It has no branches but yet smells sweet. The words for lotus in Chinese smells sweet. The words for lotus in Chinese have the same meanings as "to bind, connect have the same meanings as "to bind, connect (in marriage), one after the other, uninterrupted, (in marriage), one after the other, uninterrupted, to love, and modesty". It is one of the Eight to love, and modesty". It is one of the Eight Auspicious Symbols of Buddhism. Auspicious Symbols of Buddhism. Chinese paintingsChinese paintings with lotus are typically very with lotus are typically very elegantly painted and many include birds or fish.elegantly painted and many include birds or fish.

Chinese Horse PaintingsChinese Horse Paintings Renowned in legend and story, the horse is a popular thRenowned in legend and story, the horse is a popular th

eme found on traditional eme found on traditional Chinese paintingsChinese paintings. The horse is . The horse is the seventh creature in the Chinese zodiac and regarded the seventh creature in the Chinese zodiac and regarded as a noble animal. In Chinese mythology the Chinese hoas a noble animal. In Chinese mythology the Chinese horse is used to symbolize the male principle (Yang) and thrse is used to symbolize the male principle (Yang) and the cow to symbolize the female principle (Yin). e cow to symbolize the female principle (Yin).

The most recognized Chinese horse paintings are by the The most recognized Chinese horse paintings are by the famous Chinese artist Xu Beihong (1895-1953). Many Cfamous Chinese artist Xu Beihong (1895-1953). Many Chinese horse paintings found today were inspired by this hinese horse paintings found today were inspired by this famous artist’s Chinese paintings.famous artist’s Chinese paintings.

Chinese Fish PaintingsChinese Fish Paintings Chinese paintings depicting fish are very popular for the Chinese paintings depicting fish are very popular for the

home and business. The Chinese word for fish sounds much home and business. The Chinese word for fish sounds much like the Chinese word for "abundance and affluence" so the like the Chinese word for "abundance and affluence" so the fish symbolizes prosperity and wealth. A fish symbolizes prosperity and wealth. A Chinese paintingChinese painting with nine fish symbolizes long term prosperity and wealth.with nine fish symbolizes long term prosperity and wealth.

A Chinese fish painting that depict fish and lotus has the A Chinese fish painting that depict fish and lotus has the meaning "Year after year may you live in affluence". The fish meaning "Year after year may you live in affluence". The fish most seen in Chinese paintings for business is the carp. The most seen in Chinese paintings for business is the carp. The carp symbolize a wish for benefit or advantage in business. carp symbolize a wish for benefit or advantage in business. A Chinese painting showing a child with a fish means “May A Chinese painting showing a child with a fish means “May you have an abundance of high ranking sons.you have an abundance of high ranking sons.

Chinese Landscape PaintingsChinese Landscape Paintings The two Chinese written characters for the word landscape translate to The two Chinese written characters for the word landscape translate to

“mountain” and “water”. Chinese landscape painting dates back to the H“mountain” and “water”. Chinese landscape painting dates back to the Han dynasty but greatly flourished during the T’ang dynasty. Until the T’anan dynasty but greatly flourished during the T’ang dynasty. Until the T’ang dynasty, landscapes were mainly used as backdrops to the popular figg dynasty, landscapes were mainly used as backdrops to the popular figure painting. During the T’ang dynasty, Chinese landscape painting transure painting. During the T’ang dynasty, Chinese landscape painting transformed into its own form of art due to changes in Chinese philosophy, anformed into its own form of art due to changes in Chinese philosophy, and also due to the importance of landscape in Chinese literature. Both prod also due to the importance of landscape in Chinese literature. Both provided fertile ground for the later development of Chinese landscape paintvided fertile ground for the later development of Chinese landscape painting.ing.

A traditional A traditional Chinese paintingChinese painting commonly depicts mountains, water, mist commonly depicts mountains, water, mist or clouds, woods and trees, and sometimes dwellings or pavilions, figureor clouds, woods and trees, and sometimes dwellings or pavilions, figures, and animals. The mountains in a Chinese landscape painting represes, and animals. The mountains in a Chinese landscape painting represent longevity, and water representing the sea of happiness. Mist or clouds nt longevity, and water representing the sea of happiness. Mist or clouds symbolize good fortune and happiness, especially when they have more symbolize good fortune and happiness, especially when they have more than one color. Clouds with five colors are emblems of five-fold happinesthan one color. Clouds with five colors are emblems of five-fold happiness. Clouds arise from a union of the two main principles of Yin and Yang.s. Clouds arise from a union of the two main principles of Yin and Yang.

Pre-reading-Pre-reading-a short history of Western a short history of Western paintingpainting

Do you ever visit art galleries?Do you ever visit art galleries? What are the names of some famous What are the names of some famous

Western or Chinese artists?Western or Chinese artists? Do you know in which century they lived?Do you know in which century they lived?

Fast reading-skimmingFast reading-skimming Skim the first paragraph to find the sentence that tells the reader Skim the first paragraph to find the sentence that tells the reader

what the text is going to be about.what the text is going to be about. The last sentence in the paragraph. The last sentence in the paragraph.

What is the topic sentence and how is the information organized?What is the topic sentence and how is the information organized? It is about western painting and the information is organized in the It is about western painting and the information is organized in the

time periods, from the earliest and present time. time periods, from the earliest and present time.

What’s the writer’s purpose?What’s the writer’s purpose? Make the reader understand how culture affects artistic styles. Make the reader understand how culture affects artistic styles.

(introduces some of the major movements in western art and (introduces some of the major movements in western art and demonstrates how art has changed stylistically over the centuries)demonstrates how art has changed stylistically over the centuries)

What have you learnt What have you learnt from the text?from the text? I learnt that impressionist paintings were I learnt that impressionist paintings were

so different from earlier art that many so different from earlier art that many people were angry about them.people were angry about them.

I learnt that in the middle ages painters I learnt that in the middle ages painters were more interested in teaching people were more interested in teaching people about God than in making realistic about God than in making realistic pictures……..pictures……..

Second reading-Second reading-comprehendingcomprehending What have you learnt from the passage?What have you learnt from the passage?

1. 1. I learnt thatI learnt that artistic style changes as a society’s culture artistic style changes as a society’s culture and values change.and values change.

2. 2. I learnt thatI learnt that in the middle ages most paintings had in the middle ages most paintings had religious subjects.religious subjects.

3. 3. I learnt thatI learnt that before 1428 Western painters didn’t know before 1428 Western painters didn’t know how to draw in perspective.how to draw in perspective.

4. 4. I learnt thatI learnt that at first people hated impressionist painters. at first people hated impressionist painters. 5…….5…….

Ex2.FTFTTFTTEx2.FTFTTFTT

Ex3.western art has changed more often Ex3.western art has changed more often than Chinese art because the way of life than Chinese art because the way of life and beliefs and values of people in the and beliefs and values of people in the West has changed more often than in West has changed more often than in China. China.

Differences between the Differences between the development of Western art development of Western art and Chinese artand Chinese art The style of Western art has changed many The style of Western art has changed many

times since the 4th Century AD. Chinese art, on times since the 4th Century AD. Chinese art, on the other hand, has changed less often, and most the other hand, has changed less often, and most traditional styles still remain. Art is influenced by traditional styles still remain. Art is influenced by the way of life and beliefs of the people. Unlike the way of life and beliefs of the people. Unlike Europe, China has been united by language, Europe, China has been united by language, writing, religion (especially Taoism and writing, religion (especially Taoism and Buddhism) dynastic rule and the philosophy of Buddhism) dynastic rule and the philosophy of Confucianism for a very long time. Also , the past Confucianism for a very long time. Also , the past is more valued in China than it is in the West. is more valued in China than it is in the West.

Discussion of the text Discussion of the text structurestructure

What is the text structured?What is the text structured? It is a historical report, which is structured in a way that is typical of many reports. The It is a historical report, which is structured in a way that is typical of many reports. The

first paragraph introduces the topic and the theme of the text and then state what the first paragraph introduces the topic and the theme of the text and then state what the rest of the text will be about. The rest of the report presents the information in rest of the text will be about. The rest of the report presents the information in chronological order and relates this to the them of the change in artistic style reflecting chronological order and relates this to the them of the change in artistic style reflecting cultural change. cultural change.

Why do you think the writer put the headings in the text?Why do you think the writer put the headings in the text? To make the text easier to understand, the author has used headings within the text to To make the text easier to understand, the author has used headings within the text to

mark the change to a different time period. In addition, each section begins with a topic mark the change to a different time period. In addition, each section begins with a topic sentence which acts as an introduction to the theme and the content of that section.sentence which acts as an introduction to the theme and the content of that section.

Underline the topic sentence in each paragraph.Underline the topic sentence in each paragraph. The last sentence of the report functions as a conclusion by asking the reader to reflect The last sentence of the report functions as a conclusion by asking the reader to reflect

on the major theme of the text and to predict what might happen in the future.on the major theme of the text and to predict what might happen in the future.

Underline some of the time expressions in the text. Underline some of the time expressions in the text. A feature of historical reports is the abundance of time expressions.A feature of historical reports is the abundance of time expressions.

Find out the time Find out the time expressionsexpressions

The style of Western art has changed many times, while Chinese art has changed The style of Western art has changed many times, while Chinese art has changed leless oftenss often..

…….china, unlike Europe, has followed a similar way of life for .china, unlike Europe, has followed a similar way of life for a very long timea very long time.. ……this text will describe only a few of the main styles, starting from the 4th century Athis text will describe only a few of the main styles, starting from the 4th century A

D.D. During the Middle AgesDuring the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes., the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. Things had begun to change Things had begun to change by the 13th centuryby the 13th century…… In the RennaissanceIn the Rennaissance, new ideas and values took the place of those that were held , new ideas and values took the place of those that were held in in

the Middle Agesthe Middle Ages.. One of the most important discoveries One of the most important discoveries during this periodduring this period was how to draw things in p was how to draw things in p

erspective.erspective. The first person to use perspective in his paintings was Masaccio The first person to use perspective in his paintings was Masaccio in 1428in 1428..

When people first saw his paintingsWhen people first saw his paintings they were convinced they were convinced they were looking….they were looking….

During the RenaissanceDuring the Renaissance oil paints were also developed, oil paints were also developed,…..…..

In the late 19th centuryIn the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal…., Europe changed a great deal…. At firstAt first, most people hated this new style of painting., most people hated this new style of painting. At the time they were createdAt the time they were created, the impressionists’ , the impressionists’

paintings were controversial….paintings were controversial…. NowadaysNowadays, there are scores of modern art styles…., there are scores of modern art styles….

It is interesting to predict what styles of painting there It is interesting to predict what styles of painting there will be will be in the futurein the future..

T or FT or F

A painting reflects the artist’s vision, but it is also a product of A painting reflects the artist’s vision, but it is also a product of its time.its time.

Landscape artists pay close attention to the perspective in tryLandscape artists pay close attention to the perspective in trying to capture a particular outdoor scene.ing to capture a particular outdoor scene.

Abstract painters are interested in mood over subject matters.Abstract painters are interested in mood over subject matters. By using light and shade, the artists gave their images depth.By using light and shade, the artists gave their images depth. Giotto dealt largely in traditional religious subjects in a more rGiotto dealt largely in traditional religious subjects in a more r

ealistic style.ealistic style. Masaccio was the first person to use prospective in his paintiMasaccio was the first person to use prospective in his painti

ngs.ngs. The impressionists attempted to accurately and objectively reThe impressionists attempted to accurately and objectively re

cord visual reality in terms of transient effects of light and colcord visual reality in terms of transient effects of light and colour.our.

Ex.2Ex.2

In the 5th centuryIn the 5th century Until the 15th centuryUntil the 15th century RenaissanceRenaissance In the Middle AgesIn the Middle Ages 14281428 From the 15th to 16th centuryFrom the 15th to 16th century In the late 19th centuryIn the late 19th century NowadaysNowadays In the futureIn the future

Ex3/Ex4Ex3/Ex4

RealReal ImpressImpress SymbolSymbol ShadowShadow ReligiousReligious AttemptAttempt ValueValue AimAim PredictPredict BelieveBelieve EuropeEurope RidiculeRidicule

AimSymbolPossessionsEuropeAbstractFocus on

Using language-readingUsing language-reading

Scanning-Scanning- What is the title of the text?What is the title of the text?

What does the map show?What does the map show?

What do you think the numbers on the map are for?What do you think the numbers on the map are for?

How many galleries are featured in this text?How many galleries are featured in this text?

What do you think the purpose of this text is?What do you think the purpose of this text is? To give people information about various art galleries in New York and to To give people information about various art galleries in New York and to

show them where they are.show them where they are.

Who do you think the text was written for?Who do you think the text was written for? Tourists, art gallery visitors.Tourists, art gallery visitors.

Where might you see such a text?Where might you see such a text? Possibly in a guide book.Possibly in a guide book.

Scanning-Match the numbers on Scanning-Match the numbers on the map with the names of the the map with the names of the museumsmuseums

Numbers on mapNumbers on map MuseumMuseum

Guggenheim Museum

Metropolitan Museum of Art

Whitney Museum of American Art

The Frick Collection

Museum of Modern Art

1

2

3

4

5

Name Address Which centuries?

What countries?

Whitney Museum Whitney Museum of American Artof American Art

945 Madison 945 Madison Avenue Avenue

(near 75th St.)(near 75th St.)

ContemporaryContemporary

(mainly art by (mainly art by living artists)living artists)

America

Museum of Modern Art

53rd St (between 53rd St (between 5th and 6th 5th and 6th Avenues)Avenues)

Late-nineteen Late-nineteen century to 21st century to 21st centurycentury

Western Western countriescountries

Metropolitan Metropolitan Museum of ArtMuseum of Art

5th Avenue and 5th Avenue and 82nd street82nd street

From ancient to modern times

All over the All over the worldworld

Guggenheim Museum

5th Avenue and 5th Avenue and 88th street88th street

Modern (from Modern (from late 19th late 19th century century onwards)onwards)

Western countries

The Frick Collection

5th and Madison 5th and Madison AvenueAvenue

Before the Before the twentieth twentieth centurycentury

Western countries

Pre-listeningPre-listening Study the map and name the galleries that are grouped close Study the map and name the galleries that are grouped close

together.together.

Tell us something about each gallery-what kind of art each Tell us something about each gallery-what kind of art each contains and from what countries and period.contains and from what countries and period.

Do you think they will agree at the beginning of the tape which Do you think they will agree at the beginning of the tape which galleries they will visit?galleries they will visit?

What kind of differences of opinion might they have?What kind of differences of opinion might they have?

Whether to visit a museum with only modern or only traditional Whether to visit a museum with only modern or only traditional art, how many galleries to visit altogetherart, how many galleries to visit altogether

listeninglistening

Ex 1. Metropolitan Museum of ArtEx 1. Metropolitan Museum of Art the Frick Collectionthe Frick Collection Museum of Modern ArtMuseum of Modern Art Whitney Museum of American ArtWhitney Museum of American Art Guggenheim museumGuggenheim museum

Ex.2 listen and answer Ex.2 listen and answer questionsquestions 1.John.1.John. 2.Susan.2.Susan. 3.He wants to see the exhibition of Chinese art.3.He wants to see the exhibition of Chinese art. 4.Small galleries.4.Small galleries. 5. It is big, crowded and too expensive.5. It is big, crowded and too expensive. 6.Modern art.6.Modern art. 7.The Frick collection and Metropolitan Museum 7.The Frick collection and Metropolitan Museum

on Friday and the Whitney and the on Friday and the Whitney and the Guggenheim on Saturday.Guggenheim on Saturday.

What's happening in What's happening in Manhattan Art and Manhattan Art and CultureCulture

Don't miss out on New York City's best art Don't miss out on New York City's best art and culture. See what's new at Manhattan's and culture. See what's new at Manhattan's galleries, museums, theaters and galleries, museums, theaters and performance spaces. Uptown, downtown, performance spaces. Uptown, downtown, and underground. and underground.

The Frick The Frick CollectionCollection

is located in the former mansion of Mr. Frick, whose private is located in the former mansion of Mr. Frick, whose private art collection was made into a museum after his death in the art collection was made into a museum after his death in the early twentieth century; the museum is designed to feel more early twentieth century; the museum is designed to feel more like a private home than a public place. The mansion is a like a private home than a public place. The mansion is a true work of art; the low stone building and courtyard take up true work of art; the low stone building and courtyard take up almost an entire city block and statues stand prominently by almost an entire city block and statues stand prominently by the entranceway. Some of the rooms of the house have the entranceway. Some of the rooms of the house have painted walls like the frescoes of a Renaissance church or painted walls like the frescoes of a Renaissance church or castle, and the furniture that adorns all the rooms of the castle, and the furniture that adorns all the rooms of the house is almost entirely from the sixteenth century. All the house is almost entirely from the sixteenth century. All the other rooms have rich wood walls and floors, marble other rooms have rich wood walls and floors, marble fireplaces and decorative columns, giving visitors the sense fireplaces and decorative columns, giving visitors the sense of being in an old, musty castle or cathedral. It seems of being in an old, musty castle or cathedral. It seems impossible that people actually lived here, but they did. impossible that people actually lived here, but they did.

The Guggenheim MuseumThe Guggenheim Museum of painting and modern sculpture in New York, completed in of painting and modern sculpture in New York, completed in

1959, can be found at number 1071 Fifth Avenue. From an 1959, can be found at number 1071 Fifth Avenue. From an urbanistic point of view it contradicts the usual chess board urbanistic point of view it contradicts the usual chess board type of building, typical of New York, the outside of which prtype of building, typical of New York, the outside of which presents strong links to the past with flower boxes at street leesents strong links to the past with flower boxes at street level and the possibility of seating, the large curved overhang vel and the possibility of seating, the large curved overhang of the first floor underlining an invitation to the loggia undernof the first floor underlining an invitation to the loggia underneath, the bridge being a link between the two bodies of the eath, the bridge being a link between the two bodies of the Museum acting as a kind of middle road between the outsidMuseum acting as a kind of middle road between the outside and the inside. The inside space is a continual upwards me and the inside. The inside space is a continual upwards movement using a six-floor spiral with galleries which spread ovement using a six-floor spiral with galleries which spread out from the first ramp indicated by a large water fountain in out from the first ramp indicated by a large water fountain in the central room on the ground floor. the central room on the ground floor.

For the Guggenheim, this occurred in 1937, when For the Guggenheim, this occurred in 1937, when Solomon R. Guggenheim established a foundation Solomon R. Guggenheim established a foundation empowered to operate a museum that would empowered to operate a museum that would publicly exhibit and preserve his holdings of non-publicly exhibit and preserve his holdings of non-objective art. Today, the Guggenheim is a museum objective art. Today, the Guggenheim is a museum in multiple locations with access to shared in multiple locations with access to shared collections, common constituencies, and joint collections, common constituencies, and joint programming. Nevertheless, it is the permanent programming. Nevertheless, it is the permanent collection that constitutes the very core of the collection that constitutes the very core of the institution, no matter how far-reaching its activities institution, no matter how far-reaching its activities may be. may be.

  

Metropolitan Museum of Art1000 Fifth AvenueFifth Ave at 82nd StreetNew York, NY 10028-0198

The story of the Guggenheim Museum is essentially the story of six very different private The story of the Guggenheim Museum is essentially the story of six very different private collections—collections—

Solomon R. Guggenheim's collection of non-objective painting premised on a belief in thSolomon R. Guggenheim's collection of non-objective painting premised on a belief in the spiritual dimensions of pure abstraction; e spiritual dimensions of pure abstraction;

his niece Peggy Guggenheim's collection of Surrealist and abstract painting and sculpturhis niece Peggy Guggenheim's collection of Surrealist and abstract painting and sculpture; e;

Justin K. Thannhauser's array of Impressionist, Post-Impressionist, and early Modern maJustin K. Thannhauser's array of Impressionist, Post-Impressionist, and early Modern masterpieces; sterpieces;

Karl Nierendorf's holdings in German Expressionism; Karl Nierendorf's holdings in German Expressionism; Katherine S. Dreier's paintings and sculptures of the historic avant-garde; Katherine S. Dreier's paintings and sculptures of the historic avant-garde;

and Dr. Giuseppe Panza di Biumo's vast holdings of European and American Minimalist, and Dr. Giuseppe Panza di Biumo's vast holdings of European and American Minimalist, Post-Minimalist, Environmental, and Conceptual art.Post-Minimalist, Environmental, and Conceptual art.

1929 | The Museum of Modern Art opens in the Heckscher Building (corner of Fifth Avenue and 57 Street). Six rooms rent

ed for galleries and offices.1932 | Museum moves to townhouse at 11 West 53 Street (p

art of present site).

The world's first curatorial department devoted to architecture and The world's first curatorial department devoted to architecture and design was established in 1932 at The Museum of Modern Art. design was established in 1932 at The Museum of Modern Art. From its inception, the collection has been built on the recognition From its inception, the collection has been built on the recognition that architecture and design are allied and interdependent arts, so that architecture and design are allied and interdependent arts, so that synthesis has been a founding premise of the collection. that synthesis has been a founding premise of the collection.

The collection provides an extensive overview of modernism. The collection provides an extensive overview of modernism. Starting with the reform ideology established by the Arts and Crafts Starting with the reform ideology established by the Arts and Crafts movement, the collection covers major movements of the twentieth movement, the collection covers major movements of the twentieth century and contemporary issues. The architecture collection century and contemporary issues. The architecture collection documents buildings through models, drawings, and photographs. documents buildings through models, drawings, and photographs.

The design collection comprises more than 3,000 objects, ranging The design collection comprises more than 3,000 objects, ranging from appliances, furniture, and tableware to tools, textiles, sports from appliances, furniture, and tableware to tools, textiles, sports cars—even a helicopter. The graphic design collection includes cars—even a helicopter. The graphic design collection includes over 4,000 examples of typography, posters, and other over 4,000 examples of typography, posters, and other combinations of text and image.combinations of text and image.

Portrait of Joseph Roulin. ArlPortrait of Joseph Roulin. Arleses

Vincent van Gogh. Vincent van Gogh. early 1889.early 1889. Oil on canvas, 25 3/8 Oil on canvas, 25 3/8

x 21 3/4" (64.4 x 55.2 x 21 3/4" (64.4 x 55.2 cm). cm).

Starry night

Van Gogh's night sky is a field of roiling energy. Below the exploding stars, thVan Gogh's night sky is a field of roiling energy. Below the exploding stars, the village is a place of quiet order. Connecting earth and sky is the flamelike cye village is a place of quiet order. Connecting earth and sky is the flamelike cypress, a tree traditionally associated with graveyards and mourning. But death press, a tree traditionally associated with graveyards and mourning. But death was not ominous for van Gogh. "Looking at the stars always makes me dreawas not ominous for van Gogh. "Looking at the stars always makes me dream," he said, "Why, I ask myself, shouldn't the shining dots of the sky be as acm," he said, "Why, I ask myself, shouldn't the shining dots of the sky be as accessible as the black dots on the map of France? Just as we take the train to cessible as the black dots on the map of France? Just as we take the train to get to Tarascon or Rouen, we take death to reach a star."get to Tarascon or Rouen, we take death to reach a star."

The artist wrote of his experience to his brother Theo: "This morning I saw the The artist wrote of his experience to his brother Theo: "This morning I saw the country from my window a long time before sunrise, with nothing but the morncountry from my window a long time before sunrise, with nothing but the morning star, which looked very big." This morning star, or Venus, may be the larging star, which looked very big." This morning star, or Venus, may be the large white star just left of center in e white star just left of center in The Starry NightThe Starry Night. The hamlet, on the other ha. The hamlet, on the other hand, is invented, and the church spire evokes van Gogh's native land, the Nethnd, is invented, and the church spire evokes van Gogh's native land, the Netherlands. The painting, like its daytime companion, erlands. The painting, like its daytime companion, The Olive TreesThe Olive Trees, is rooted i, is rooted in imagination and memory. Leaving behind the Impressionist doctrine of truth n imagination and memory. Leaving behind the Impressionist doctrine of truth to nature in favor of restless feeling and intense color, as in this highly chargeto nature in favor of restless feeling and intense color, as in this highly charged picture, van Gogh made his work a touchstone for all subsequent Expressiod picture, van Gogh made his work a touchstone for all subsequent Expressionist painting.nist painting.

  

The Olive Trees The Olive Trees Vincent van Gogh.

Whitney Museum of American Whitney Museum of American ArtArt

is the leading advocate of 20th-century and is the leading advocate of 20th-century and contemporary American art. Founded in contemporary American art. Founded in 1930, the Whitney Museum emerged out of 1930, the Whitney Museum emerged out of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney's active role in Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney's active role in supporting the American artists of her day supporting the American artists of her day and, over the course of 69 years, the and, over the course of 69 years, the Museum's holdings have grown to include Museum's holdings have grown to include approximately 12,000 works of art approximately 12,000 works of art representing more than 1,900 artists. representing more than 1,900 artists.

The Permanent Collection is the preeminent The Permanent Collection is the preeminent collection of 20th-century American art and collection of 20th-century American art and includes the entire artistic estate of Edward includes the entire artistic estate of Edward Hopper, as well as significant works by Hopper, as well as significant works by Marsh, Calder, Gorky, Hartley, O'Keeffe, Marsh, Calder, Gorky, Hartley, O'Keeffe, Rauschenberg, Murphy and Johns among Rauschenberg, Murphy and Johns among other artists. other artists.

The Whitney Museum of American Art is The Whitney Museum of American Art is located at 945 Madison Avenue at 75th located at 945 Madison Avenue at 75th Street, New York, New York 10021.Street, New York, New York 10021.

Hopper's paintings of empty streets, storefronts, and solitary Hopper's paintings of empty streets, storefronts, and solitary figures in urban settings evoke a sense of such profound figures in urban settings evoke a sense of such profound loneliness and alienation that they seem to transcend their loneliness and alienation that they seem to transcend their particular time and place. Iconic in their stillness and particular time and place. Iconic in their stillness and psychological force—achieved as much through psychological force—achieved as much through composition and palette as through outright theme or composition and palette as through outright theme or subject—paintings such as subject—paintings such as Early Sunday MorningEarly Sunday Morning (1930), (1930), Seven A.M.Seven A.M. (1948), and (1948), and A Woman in the SunA Woman in the Sun (1961) have (1961) have made Hopper one of America's most beloved artists. These made Hopper one of America's most beloved artists. These cornerstones of the Whitney Museum's Hopper collection, cornerstones of the Whitney Museum's Hopper collection, as well as the numerous early paintings, loosely painted as well as the numerous early paintings, loosely painted watercolors, and revealing charcoal and pencil studies, watercolors, and revealing charcoal and pencil studies, have made the Whitney a crucial center for the study and have made the Whitney a crucial center for the study and exhibition of this important American artist's life and work. exhibition of this important American artist's life and work.

Discussion-Discussion-how to set out a business how to set out a business

letterletter It is usual to state the reason for writing It is usual to state the reason for writing

in the first paragraph.in the first paragraph. Take suggestions about a suitable Take suggestions about a suitable

opening and write the one they like best opening and write the one they like best on the board.on the board.

Sample writingSample writing

Dear Committee members,Dear Committee members, I wish to make a suggestion about the kind of art that should go into our new I wish to make a suggestion about the kind of art that should go into our new

gallery. As I have carefully researched the subject and have had many gallery. As I have carefully researched the subject and have had many discussions with residents in our district, I believe my suggestion will be popular discussions with residents in our district, I believe my suggestion will be popular with most people.with most people.

I have discovered that we have many fine artists in our district. We have many I have discovered that we have many fine artists in our district. We have many painters, both modern and traditional, some sculptors and a few excellent potters. painters, both modern and traditional, some sculptors and a few excellent potters. We also have a group of people who meet regularly to practice traditional folk art. We also have a group of people who meet regularly to practice traditional folk art. At present, none of these groups have a place to display their work. The gallery At present, none of these groups have a place to display their work. The gallery would provide such a place and would help people in the district to learn more would provide such a place and would help people in the district to learn more about our artists.about our artists.

I believe a gallery of local art and craft would encourage the artists and would also I believe a gallery of local art and craft would encourage the artists and would also make others proud of our local talent. I do hope you will consider my suggestion.make others proud of our local talent. I do hope you will consider my suggestion.

Your faithfully,Your faithfully, Tina FrancisTina Francis

Language pointsLanguage points

1. 1. The style of Western art has changed many timeThe style of Western art has changed many times,s, while while Chinese art has changed less often. Chinese art has changed less often.

whilewhile 用来表示对比或相反的情况。用来表示对比或相反的情况。 我爱喝清咖啡而他喜欢加奶油的。我爱喝清咖啡而他喜欢加奶油的。 I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream. 英语世界通用，但土耳其语离开本国就很少有人说了。英语世界通用，但土耳其语离开本国就很少有人说了。 English is used all over the world, while Turkish is spoEnglish is used all over the world, while Turkish is spo

ken by a few people outside Turkey itself.ken by a few people outside Turkey itself.

whilewhile

WhileWhile in prison, he wrote his first novel. in prison, he wrote his first novel.

He listens to the radio He listens to the radio whilewhile driving to work. driving to work.

WhileWhile I admit that there are problems, I I admit that there are problems, I didn’t agree that they can’t be solved.didn’t agree that they can’t be solved.

在…期间，当…时候

与…同时虽然

Art is influenced by the way of Art is influenced by the way of life and life and beliefsbeliefs of the people. of the people.

belief belief 信条，信仰—信条，信仰— beliefs (pl.) beliefs (pl.) He acted in accordance with his strongly He acted in accordance with his strongly

held held beliefsbeliefs.. 他按照自己坚定的信念行事。他按照自己坚定的信念行事。

-f/-fe----ves

knife half

thief

wifelife

leaf selfshelf

loaf wolf

直接加－ s

belief

gulf

safe

grief

reef

dwarf

proofroof

chief

cliff

take place-- take place-- take the place oftake the place of

In the Rennaissance, new ideas and valuIn the Rennaissance, new ideas and valueses those that were helthose that were held in the middle ages.d in the middle ages.

When did the accident When did the accident exactly?exactly? I’llI’ll my father for a while=my father for a while= I’ll I’ll for a while. for a while. The wedding The wedding yesterday. yesterday.

took the place oftook the place of

take placetake place

took the place oftook the place of

take my father’s placetake my father’s place

took placetook place

focus onfocus on

People became People became more on more on humans and less on religion.humans and less on religion.

I’llI’ll the main group of people the main group of people over there.over there.

All the eyes All the eyes him.him.

focusedfocused

focus onfocus on

were focused onwere focused on

a great deal=a good deala great deal=a good deal

In the late 19th century, Europe changed In the late 19th century, Europe changed a a great dealgreat deal..

He ate He ate a great deala great deal for supper yesterday. for supper yesterday. He ran He ran a great deala great deal faster than I. faster than I. A great deal ofA great deal of money was spent on the money was spent on the

project.project. adj. 后接不可数名词

adv.

adv.

adv.

shadow--shadeshadow--shade

As the sun set, the As the sun set, the became became longer.longer.

Under the floodlight, each player in the Under the floodlight, each player in the football match has four football match has four ..

Let’s find some Let’s find some and take a rest. and take a rest.

shadowshadow

shadowsshadows

shadeshade

『 U 』—任何遮住阳光的地方

影子

scores ofscores of

I have heard that I have heard that (( 很多很多 )times.)times. Nowadays, there are Nowadays, there are （（好几十种）好几十种）

modern art styles.modern art styles. (( 很多很多 ) people attended the special ) people attended the special

performance.performance. （有（有 4040 人）人） those people wanted those people wanted

to fly there.to fly there. （有（有 2020 人）人） people were present people were present

at the party.at the party.

scores ofscores of

scores ofscores of

Scores ofScores of

Two score ofTwo score of

A score ofA score of

attemptattempt

The painter does not The painter does not paint paint objects as we see them with our eyes.objects as we see them with our eyes.

The second question was different I didn’t The second question was different I didn’t it.it. I I speak but was told to be speak but was told to be

quiet.quiet.

attempt toattempt to

attemptattempt

attempted toattempted to

Listening-p41Listening-p41 Which subject do you think would be the most expensive?Which subject do you think would be the most expensive? If you could have one of these objects as present, which would If you could have one of these objects as present, which would

you choose? Why?you choose? Why? If you had to buy a present for someone who was an art If you had to buy a present for someone who was an art

teacher, which present do you think she would like best?teacher, which present do you think she would like best?

How many boys and how many girls did you hear speaking?How many boys and how many girls did you hear speaking? Did all three students arrive at the same time?Did all three students arrive at the same time? Did they find it easy to decide on a present?Did they find it easy to decide on a present? At the end of the tape, do we know which present they choose?At the end of the tape, do we know which present they choose?

1 1.vase 1 1.vase 2.paints and brushes2.paints and brushes 3.book3.book 4.wall hanging4.wall hanging 2. Steve Lee=4 times 2. Steve Lee=4 times Wang Pei=7 timesWang Pei=7 times Xiao Wei=7 timesXiao Wei=7 times 3.1.Xiao Wei.3.1.Xiao Wei. 2.it was too expensive.2.it was too expensive. 3.Mrs Hang would probably have known what to get mr. hang.3.Mrs Hang would probably have known what to get mr. hang. 4.At first he liked the book but later he thought the wall hanging would be 4.At first he liked the book but later he thought the wall hanging would be

first.first. 5.I think they will probably seem to get the wall hanging because the other5.I think they will probably seem to get the wall hanging because the other

s seem to respect Wang Wei’s opinion. Also, they know Mr Hang likes that ts seem to respect Wang Wei’s opinion. Also, they know Mr Hang likes that type of wall hanging.ype of wall hanging.

Listening-p44Listening-p44orderorder name of the name of the

historical periodhistorical periodfeaturesfeatures

3.3. Tang DynastyTang Dynasty The traditional style that is practised even today was wThe traditional style that is practised even today was well developed. Pictures of human figures, animals and ell developed. Pictures of human figures, animals and everyday life were popular during the Tang Dynasty.everyday life were popular during the Tang Dynasty.

5.5. 20th century20th century Painters have become influenced by Western art, both Painters have become influenced by Western art, both abstract and realistic art painted.abstract and realistic art painted.

2.2. First century ADFirst century AD Religious theme , organized system of drawing Religious theme , organized system of drawing focused on the use of brush strokesfocused on the use of brush strokes

6.6. 20th century20th century Painters have become influenced by Western art, both Painters have become influenced by Western art, both abstract and realistic art painted.abstract and realistic art painted.

1.1. 5000-3000BC5000-3000BC painted potterypainted pottery

4.4. Yuan DynastyYuan Dynasty Pictures of human figures and still life became Pictures of human figures and still life became popular. Scenery did not look realistic with a particular popular. Scenery did not look realistic with a particular part of the scenery enlarged/ focused on.part of the scenery enlarged/ focused on.

Using words and Using words and expressionsexpressionsverbsverbs nounnoun adjectiveadjective

abstractabstract abstractionabstraction abstractabstract

attemptattempt attemptattempt attemptedattempted

collectcollect collectioncollection collective/collective/collectable/collectedcollectable/collected

exhibitexhibit exhibit/exhibitionexhibit/exhibition exhibitedexhibited

influenceinfluence influenceinfluence influentialinfluential

photographphotograph photograph/photograph/photographerphotographer

photographicphotographic

predictpredict predictionprediction Predicted/predictablePredicted/predictable

// professionprofession professionalprofessional

symbolisesymbolise symbolsymbol symbolicsymbolic

2/1.Nouns. These are no exceptions in th2/1.Nouns. These are no exceptions in this chart(-tion is a common ending)is chart(-tion is a common ending)

2.the verb column. Verbs are often, but 2.the verb column. Verbs are often, but not always shorter than any other parts of not always shorter than any other parts of speech.speech.

3.-ed. Other common endings for adjec3.-ed. Other common endings for adjectives are –al, -ic, -able, -ful and –y.tives are –al, -ic, -able, -ful and –y.

Ex.3Ex.3 collective collective predictablepredictable attemptattempt exhibitexhibit symbolizesymbolize abstractionabstraction photographerphotographer influenceinfluence professionprofession

Using language-ex.4Using language-ex.4 1.She knows 1.She knows a great deala great deal more about more about contemporarycontemporary modern art than I do. modern art than I do.

2.2.ImpressionistImpressionist painters painters broke away frombroke away from traditional ideas about art. traditional ideas about art.

3.Today we will 3.Today we will focus onfocus on the art works of the Renaissance. the art works of the Renaissance.

4.If I had a 4.If I had a permanentpermanent address, you would be able to send me those address, you would be able to send me those paintings.paintings.

5. I have 5. I have scores ofscores of CDs at home. Would you like to come and listen to some CDs at home. Would you like to come and listen to some of them?of them?

6. I have not only seen Picasso 6. I have not only seen Picasso in the fleshin the flesh, but also know a lot about his life , but also know a lot about his life experiences and all his art works.experiences and all his art works.

Reading taskReading task Who wrote the letter?Who wrote the letter? Who was the letter written to?Who was the letter written to? When was it written?When was it written? What three purposes of the letter?What three purposes of the letter? What three things do students want to do?What three things do students want to do? What is the purpose of the second last paragraph?What is the purpose of the second last paragraph? To argue the case/ give reasons to support the To argue the case/ give reasons to support the

students’ request.students’ request. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?What is the purpose of the last paragraph? To summarize their requests and to finish the letter To summarize their requests and to finish the letter

in a polite way.in a polite way.

Letter from Jo ryan, Class presidentAsking for the permission and a donation of $500Reason: To make the back of the school more attractive.Their plan: 1 make a nature garden that has trees, grass, paths and a pond. 2. Paint the back wall of the school.3. Paint the rubbish bins.Work will be done by: Parents and students.

Discovering useful structureDiscovering useful structure——subjective moodsubjective mood

The situation being referred is not real, it iThe situation being referred is not real, it is hypothetical.s hypothetical.

Hypothetical situations arte exoressed usHypothetical situations arte exoressed using the subjective mood.ing the subjective mood.

If someone gave you a valuable painting If someone gave you a valuable painting as a present, what would you do with it?as a present, what would you do with it?

I’d hang it on the wall of my bedroom/I’d hang it on the wall of my bedroom/ I’d sell it and buy something useful for my I’d sell it and buy something useful for my

family.family. I’d give it to our town’s art gallery so lots I’d give it to our town’s art gallery so lots

of people could enjoy it.of people could enjoy it.

further practice further practice

If you were the mayor of Guangzhou If you were the mayor of Guangzhou City, what changes would you make first?City, what changes would you make first?

If you were the headmaster of our school, If you were the headmaster of our school, what changes would you make first?what changes would you make first?

If you could travel anywhere in the world, If you could travel anywhere in the world, where would you go and what would you where would you go and what would you do?do?

Ex.2 Ex.2 1. were, would drink1. were, would drink 2. were, would be2. were, would be 3. were, would be3. were, would be 4. could, would draw4. could, would draw 5. were, would help5. were, would help 6. were, would visit6. were, would visit 7. knew, would send7. knew, would send 8. were, would be8. were, would be 10. came, would go10. came, would go

Using structuresUsing structures I wish I were the principal of this school, I wish I were the principal of this school,

then I’d give us all a holiday today.then I’d give us all a holiday today. I wish I could do magic, then I’d wave my I wish I could do magic, then I’d wave my

wand and turn you all into cute little wand and turn you all into cute little pussy cats.pussy cats.

I wish I could read your thoughts, then I’d I wish I could read your thoughts, then I’d know what you are thinking right now.know what you are thinking right now.

Ex.1Ex.1

I wish I were taller enough to play basketball.I wish I were taller enough to play basketball. I wish you could come.I wish you could come. I wish he could/ was able to visit us next I wish he could/ was able to visit us next

week.week. I wish I could draw well.I wish I could draw well. I wish I could go to Paris with you.I wish I could go to Paris with you.

Ex.3Ex.3

If I ran into a dinosaur in the forestIf I ran into a dinosaur in the forest, I would run , I would run away as fast as I could.away as fast as I could.

If I met Pavarotti in the fleshIf I met Pavarotti in the flesh, I would tell him , I would tell him how much I enjoyed his painting.how much I enjoyed his painting.

If I know more about Beijing operaIf I know more about Beijing opera, I would , I would probably enjoy it more.probably enjoy it more.

If I were good at paper cuttingIf I were good at paper cutting, I would make , I would make greeting cards for all my friends.greeting cards for all my friends.

If I lived in Beijing, I would go to the opera all If I lived in Beijing, I would go to the opera all the time.the time.

Grammar-wishGrammar-wish 后的宾语从句后的宾语从句含义含义 动词形式动词形式 例句例句

针对现状表针对现状表达愿望（与达愿望（与事实相反）事实相反）

过去时形过去时形式式

I wish I wish I had a little lab of my ownI had a little lab of my own

对过去发生对过去发生的事情表示的事情表示遗憾或后悔遗憾或后悔

过去完成过去完成式形式式形式

I wish I wish you had let me known earlier.you had let me known earlier.

针对将来表针对将来表达愿望（虽达愿望（虽然可能性极然可能性极小，但有实小，但有实现的可能）现的可能）

would/cowould/could/mighuld/might+t+ 动词原动词原形形

I wish I wish you wouldn’t smoke any moreyou wouldn’t smoke any more..

I wish I wish he could come tomorrow.he could come tomorrow.

She sincerely wished that She sincerely wished that she might do she might do something to comfort him.something to comfort him.

wish-hopewish-hope

I wish TessaI wish Tessa were were here now. here now. I hope you I hope you weren’t weren’t late.late. I hope you I hope you areare ready. ready. I hope he I hope he comescomes tomorrow. tomorrow. We hope youWe hope you’ll ’ll be very happy.be very happy.

wish 后的宾语从句常用 were 代替 was

hope 后面不用虚拟语气，而用相应的时态表达过去、现在或将来的有关愿望

2.2. 表示现在、将来的情况的虚拟条件句表示现在、将来的情况的虚拟条件句

含含义义

动词形式动词形式 例句例句IfIf 从句 从句 主句主句

would/shouldwould/should/could/might+/could/might+

动词原形动词原形

If we had enough If we had enough money, we would buy a money, we would buy a computer.computer.

与与事事实实相相反反

现在现在 过去时形式过去时形式 If it rained tomorrow, wIf it rained tomorrow, we’d stay at home.e’d stay at home.

If I were /was to ask, woIf I were /was to ask, would you help me?uld you help me?

It it should be necessarIt it should be necessary, I could come at six.y, I could come at six.

将来将来 过去时形式过去时形式

were/was to were/was to ++ 动词原形动词原形shouldshould

++ 动词原形动词原形

说明：说明： If I were rich, I would buy you anything you want.If I were rich, I would buy you anything you want. （虚拟条件从句种常用（虚拟条件从句种常用 werewere 代替代替 waswas ））

Were she in charge (=if she were in charge), she would Were she in charge (=if she were in charge), she would do things differentlydo things differently..

(( 含有含有 werewere 的虚拟条件句中的的虚拟条件句中的 ifif 可能被省略，这时从句可能被省略，这时从句要采用倒转语序要采用倒转语序 ))

It’s raining. We’ll get wet if we go out.It’s raining. We’ll get wet if we go out. (( 不是所有的条件句都用虚拟语气，有可能发生的假设不是所有的条件句都用虚拟语气，有可能发生的假设

不用虚拟语气，而用相应的时态表达与过去、现在或将不用虚拟语气，而用相应的时态表达与过去、现在或将来有关的假设来有关的假设 ))

I wish II wish I (can) clever enough to work out the(can) clever enough to work out the (abstract /easy) geometry problem.(abstract /easy) geometry problem. If IIf I (be) you, I(be) you, I (will)(will) buy abstract painting.buy abstract painting. If youIf you (focus more on) your study, I believe you(focus more on) your study, I believe you (can make) great progress.(can make) great progress. If we If we (have) a great deal of time, we(have) a great deal of time, we (will finish) the project (will finish) the project

as you wish.as you wish. If IIf I (have) enough money, I(have) enough money, I (buy) that beautiful sculpture.(buy) that beautiful sculpture. I wish youI wish you (can) go to the art gallery with us. If there(can) go to the art gallery with us. If there (be) enoug(be) enoug

h tickets, I’d let you know.h tickets, I’d let you know. I I go to my favourite art gallery, if Igo to my favourite art gallery, if I (pass) the terrible maths ex(pass) the terrible maths ex

ams this Friday.ams this Friday. HeHe (will) paint objects in a different style if he (will) paint objects in a different style if he (know) modern art. (know) modern art.

could be

abstractwere

focused more oncould make

don’t have wouldn’t finish

had would buy

could were

wouldpassed

would knew

could buy