unit six the making of a surgeon designed by shi yuan book Ⅱ the third two periods writing and...
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Unit Six Unit Six The Making of A SurgeonThe Making of A Surgeon
Designed by Shi Yuan
BookⅡ
The Third Two Periods
Writing and Exercise
1. 及时
2. 自信心
3. 即将结束
4. 不止一次…
5. 做决定
6. 在某一特定的情况下
7. 不妥当的决定
8. 寻找内心的平静
in time
self-confidence
draw to a close
on more than one occasion
make a decision
in a particular situation
a poor decision
find the peace of mind
Useful Expressions
9. 深思熟虑的决定
10. 手术室
11. 经常遇到的问题
12. 开业
13. 提前14. 容忍
15. 说不定何时
16. 承担全部责任
a considered decision
the operating room
a constant problem
be in practice
in advance
live with
at one time or another
take sole responsibility for
Useful Expressions
17. 判断上的失误
18. 考验人的时刻
19. 为某人做手术
20. 生活中的一部分
a mistake in judgment
trying moments
operate on someone
be part of one’s life
Useful Expressions
Summary Writing
Dr. Nolen believes that ( 自信是外科医生成功的关键 ) . When you can say to yourself ( 我完全有能力治疗所有的外科病人 ) “ ,” then ， and not until then, you are indeed a surgeon. In the first few months of the year, he dreaded ( 听到急诊电话的铃声 ) . He often wondered that he had made a poor decision. Now he is confident both in making decisions and in the operating room for he is sure that ( 以他的知识和经验，他可以应付遇到的所有的病例 )
Moreover, he is not afraid of making mistakes. He has learned to ( 承担判
断上失误的全部责任 ) ,because mistakes are part of a surgeon’s life. He has got conceit to( 帮他度过难熬的时刻 )
self-confidence is the key to the making of a surgeon______________________________________________self-confidence is the key to the making of a surgeon______________________________________________
There is no surgical patient I can’t treat competently___________________________________________
the ringing of the emergency calls___________________________
he had the knowledge and experience to handle any surgical situation he’d encounter___________________________________________________________________________.
take sole responsibility for a mistake in judgment_____________________________________________
encourage him in trying moments___________________________.
Exercises Fill the blanks with the words or expressions given below.Change the form where necessary.
1. In order to _____his creditors, he went into hiding.
avoid2. The doctors decided to ________Tom’s stomach to
remove the tumor. open up
operate on critical live with emergency constant particular in advance sweat
open up avoid relax conclude case
3. The restless young patient _____ after being told there was really nothing seriously wrong with him.
relaxed4. It is advisable to place important telephone numbers
next to the phone in case of an ________. emergency5. From what I’d heard I _____Miss Noble must be very
popular with her pupils. concluded6. I don’t enjoy hot weather in summer, but we have to
____ it, don’t we? live with
operate on critical live with emergency constant particular in advance sweat
open up avoid relax conclude case
7. After an X-Ray was taken, I was told by the doctor that I had a _____ of pneumonia.
case8. Help arrived at the ________ moment when the flood
was about to drown the houses. critical9. Shall I just order beer, or is there some _____ drink you
prefer? particular10. I could not tell whether he ____from heat or from fear. was sweating
operate on critical live with emergency constant particular in advance sweat
open up avoid relax conclude case
11. The doctor _____ the injured man, removed his damaged lung.
operated on12. The unpopular mayor was under _____ attack in the
newspaper. constant13. We should make our reservations as far _____ as possible to
get the flight we want.
in advance14. In theory, this sounds like a good idea; however, I doubt that
it will work ____. in practice
operate on critical live with emergency constant particular in advance sweat
open up avoid relax conclude case
Blank filling:
1. William is certainly confident his future success.
2. Mary put on her sister’s shoes error.
3. Everyone’s application for the job must be sent in one week advance.
4. We need a chairman whom everyone has confidence.
of
in
in
in
Multiple choices
• ( )1. Surrounding the business and shopping centre we usually find the and industrial belts.
• A. resident B. residential C. dwell D. inhabit• ( ) 2. I am allowed no more than 400 words in which to his
experience in the forest.• A. conclude B. deduce C. generalize D. summarize• ( ) 3. An ambulance must have priority as it usually has to deal with
some kind of .• A. crisis B. urgency C. emergency D. emergence• ( ) 4. The society needs to adjust to fewer married couples, more
unattached individuals and the growing variety of family relationships that Americans through life.
• A. encounter B. counter C. endure D. enroll• ( ) 5. She had always been in of meeting with an accident.• A. horror B. alarm C. terror D. dread
B
D
D
C
A
• ( ) 6. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am to carrying out the plan.
• A. obliged B. committed C. engaged D. resolved• ( ) 7. Every member of society has to make a to struggle for the
freedom of the country.• A. resolve B. guarantee C. pledge D. warranty• ( ) 8. The engine has more than 300 , made of a number of
different materials.• A. compositions B. ingredients C. compounds D. components• ( ) 9. William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, defended the
right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.• A. peculiarly B. indifferently C. vigorously D. inevitably• ( ) 10. While nuclear weapons present grave dangers, the
predominant crisis of overpopulation is with us today.• A. inevitable B. constant C. overwhelming D. potential• ( ) 11. He’s watching TV? He’s to be cleaning his room• A. known B. supposed C. regarded D. considered
B
C
C
D
D
B
Translation
• 1. 只要你不断努力，你迟早会解决这个难题的。 • If / As long as you keep on trying, you will be able to resolve this diffi
cult problem sooner or later. • 2. 我们预料我们的计划会受到抵制。 • We anticipate encountering / that we will encounter resistance to our
plan / our plan will meet with resistance.
• 3. 吉姆的朋友说，他们那个城市的噪音污染十分严重，但是他们只好忍着。
• Jim’s friends said that the noise pollution in their city was terrible, but they had to live with it.
• 4. 汤姆起初认为，凭他的知识、技术和经验，一定能够找到一份称心如意的工作。
• At first Tom thought that with his knowledge, skill and experience he was bound to find a satisfactory job.
• 5. 冷静耐心的处理这个微妙问题是明智的。 • It would be wise (advisable) to handle this delicate proble
m with calmness and patience.
• 6. 迪克认为如果他拆不开那台机器，那么很可能厂里别的工人也拆不开。
• Dick thought that if he was not able to take the machine apart, chances were that no other worker in the plant could, either.
• 7. 你是否认为公共汽车司机应对乘客的安全负完全的责任？
• Do you think bus drivers should take full responsibility for the passenger’s safety.
• 8. 你不必再去多想判断上的那些失误了。重要的
是尽量避免再犯。 • You need not dwell on your mistakes in judgmen
t any more. What’s important is to try your best to avoid repeating them.
Translation: turn the following sentences into Chinese.
• 1.Anyone who’s a doctor is right out of luck, I thought. Anyone who’s studying medicine should have his head examined.
• 我倒认为，凡是当医生的全都倒了霉。凡是学医的都该去查一下脑子是否正常。
• 2.As one of my friends says---even doctors have a few friends--- its all experience.
• 正如我的一个朋友所说— 即使是医生也还有几个朋友—当医生就是能长阅历。
• 3.As I speed down Lea Bridge in the dark at this horrible morning hour, the swish of the mud against the windows, the heater first blowing hot then cold, my back aching from the car-seat made for a misshapen camel, the fog swirling about the empty petrol stations, I do not feel like a ministering angel.
• 在这讨厌的凌晨时刻，我摸黑急速驶过利埃大桥，泥浆在车窗上沙沙溅响，发热器先是吹热风，然后又吹冷风；那张对畸形骆驼才适合的车座，梗得我的脊背又酸又痛；路边空荡荡的加油站四周雾气缭绕— 这时候，我并不觉得自己像个救护天使。
• 4. Occasionally people are ill, occasionally you can help, occasionally you get given a cup of tea and rock-hard cake at two o’clock in the morning-then you worry if you have done everything.
• 偶尔人们真的病了，偶尔你确实能帮上忙，偶尔凌晨两点光景，有人会拿给你一杯水和一块硬邦邦的糕饼— 这么一来，你就会担心自己是否样样事情都做周全了。
Writing Practice — Parallelism
• Parallelism is used for the following effects: to gain emphasis; to create a pleasant rhythm in a prose passage; and to cut down on the number of words needed to express an idea.
• Parallel structure means using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. This can happen at the word, phrase, or clause level. The usual way to join parallel structures is with the use of coordinating conjunctions such as “and” or “or”.
Practical writing
• Directions: You are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic. The Importance of Confidence． You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below．
• 1．凡事都要有信心。• 2．没有信心的原因。• 3．怎样树立信心。
范文
• The Importance of Confidence• • It is widely recognized that confidence plays an important part in people's life
and activities. For example, if you show enough confidence in a job interview, you are likely to do well and get the job applied for. Or, if you take an important examination with confidence, you will probably pass it and thus seize a good opportunity. When you play a role in a play, the confidence shown in your performance can help you get applause from the audience.
• However, not everyone has enough confidence in himself. There are many reasons for lack of confidence, but in general, they come down to two major ones. First, some people tend to improperly belittle themselves. Without a correct estimate of themselves, they often hesitate to press forward in the face of difficulties. Second, some people overestimate difficulties. For them, difficulties are always like high mountains which they can never get over.
• When faced with difficult problems or hard tasks, we should have faith in ourselves. The world is full of hardships, and we cannot change this reality. The only thing we can do is improve ourselves. It is possible to build up confidence in ourselves if we take the right attitude to our abilities. Always remember that confidence is the promise for overcoming any difficulties in the world.
Oral Practice
• ①A situation based on the 3rd paragraph.• Suppose you were doctor Nolen’s wife. One d
ay, you woke up at 2:00 in the morning; and you found your husband was still awake. Then you and your husband had a dialogue about one of his important decisions made during the daytime.
• Make a dialogue, use the following expressions in the dialogue: emergency, encounter, have trouble doing sth, relax
• ②A situation based on the 4th paragraph
• Suppose you were a journalist and you were interviewing doctor Nolen about how he had overcome his sleeping problem.
• Make a dialogue, use the following expressions: live with, dwell on, be bound to.
Norman Bethune - 1890-1939 “The Spirit of Absolute Selflessness”
• Known widely as an innovative thoracic surgeon, a vigorous advocate of democratic medical services, and an international humanitarian, Norman Bethune is revered in China as a hero in the successful struggle for the establishment of its first united republic in 5,000 years. Mao Zedong, who received Bethune after his arrival in China early in 1939, wrote with great appreciation of Bethune’s spirit of absolute selflessness as proven dramatically in his tragic death on the battlefront in northwestern China from blood poisoning on November 12, 1939. His spirit and Mao’s tribute to his life and work became primary sources of inspiration in the new China.
• Bethune’s unique contributions in China were the culmination of his family’s long tradition of dedication to altruistic human service and his personal experiences as a medical doctor in the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, and among the sick and destitute in both Canada and the United States. A descendant of French nonconformist Christians who emigrated from France to Scotland in the sixteenth century and to North America in the eighteenth century, he was born on March 3, 1890, into a deeply religious family in Gravenhurst, Ontario, the “Gateway to the Muskoka Lakes” a hundred miles north of Toronto. Curious, independent, and sometimes stubborn in his youth, he prepared for his medical career through study at the University of Toronto.
Additional reading
• As a university student he began to demonstrate the compassion and commitment to helping less fortunate people that later became dominant features of his unorthodox but highly creative medical work. He consciously delayed his university studies on two separate occasions. In 1911-12 he worked as a lumberjack and as a teacher at Frontier College, a unique Canadian adult education agency dedicated to meeting the educational needs of men labouring in lumber and mining camps and other remote locations. When Canada entered the First World War in August 1914, he enlisted immediately as a stretcher bearer.
• Badly wounded by shrapnel at Ypres, he spent six months in hospitals, first in France and then in England, before being invalided home. On completing his university studies and qualifying for his medical degree, he re-enlisted and served as a surgeon in the British navy. During the last six months of the First World War, he was a medical officer with Canadian airmen in France.
• After the war he completed his internship at the Hospital for Sick Children and the Fever Hospital in London, England, financing himself in a variety of enterprising ways including the buying and selling of art. Overcoming many distractions, he completed his internship and, in 1923, wrote and passed the difficult examination to qualify as a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons. A few months later, despite the resistance of her parents, he married Frances Campbell Penny, eleven years his junior. Theirs was a tempestuous and ultimately tragic marriage. Bethune and his wife travelled through much of western Europe in 1924. He observed the work of leading surgeons in Paris, Vienna, and Berlin. By the end of that year they were settled, with little money, in a rented apartment in a busy but, unknown to them, somewhat disreputable section of Detroit, Michigan.
Assignments
• Oral practice• Additional reading.• Writing a composition entitled “The Importance of
Confidence”• Preview new words and the text in Unit 7.