UnitUnit 　　 Ten Ten Profits of PraiseProfits of Praise

Designed by Shi Yuan

BookⅡ

The First Two Periods

Listening and Speaking

Listening and Speaking

• Praise song for the day• Group discussion• Background information • Listening Practice• Oral Practice• Assignments

• 黑人女诗人伊丽莎白 ·亚历山大在奥巴马就职典礼上献诗：《赞歌献给这一天》

•  • Praise song for the day

• Each day we go about our business, walking past each other, catching each others’ eyes or not, about to speak or speaking. All about us is noise. All about us is noise and bramble, thorn and din, each one of our ancestors on our tongues. Someone is stitching up a hem, darning a hole in a uniform, patching a tire, repairing the things in need of repair.

• 每天我们忙自己的事，走过彼此身边，让对方看见或无视自己，想说或正在说话。我们的一切只是噪音。我们的一切只是噪音和钩刺，荆棘和喧嚣，我们谈论每一位祖先。有人在缝褶边，有人在补制服上的洞，有人在补轮胎，修补需要修补的东西。

• Someone is trying to make music somewhere with a pair of wooden spoons on an oil drum with cello, boom box, harmonica, voice.

• A woman and her son wait for the bus.• A farmer considers the changing sky; A teacher says, “Take out you

r pencils. Begin.”• We encounter each other in words, words spiny or smooth, whisper

ed or declaimed; words to consider, reconsider.

• 有人试着用一双木匙打击油鼓，伴着大提琴、轰鸣的音箱、口琴和人声，在某处演奏音乐。

• 一个女人和儿子在等公汽。• 一个农夫思忖着变幻的天空；一个教师说：“拿出铅笔。开始。”• 我们彼此在词语中相遇，多刺或光滑的词语，喃喃低语或慷慨陈词；推敲、再推敲的词语。

• We cross dirt roads and highways that mark the will of someone and then others who said, “I need to see what’s on the other side; I know there’s something better down the road.”

• We need to find a place where we are safe; We walk into that which we cannot yet see.

• Say it plain, that many have died for this day. Sing the names of the dead who brought us here, who laid the train tracks, raised the bridges, picked the cotton and the lettuce, built brick by brick the glittering edifices they would then keep clean and work inside of.

• 我们穿过尘土的路和高速公路，它们是某人意志的记号，而别的人说：“我要看看另一边有什么，我知道路的前面有更好的。”我们需要找一个安全的地方，我们走进未能看见的地方。

• 明白说吧，许多人为了这一天死去。歌唱死者的名字吧，他们把我们带到此地，他们铺设铁轨，架起桥梁，摘棉花和莴苣，一砖一瓦地建造闪耀的大厦，他们希望保持干净，在里面工作。 

• Praise song for struggle; praise song for the day. Praise song for every hand-lettered sign; The figuring it out at kitchen tables.

• Some live by “Love thy neighbor as thy self.”• Others by first do no harm, or take no more than you need.• What if the mightiest word is love, love beyond marital, filial, national. Love t

hat casts a widening pool of light. Love with no need to preempt grievance.• In today’s sharp sparkle, this winter air, anything can be made, any sentenc

e begun.• On the brink, on the brim, on the cusp — praise song for walking forward in t

hat light.

• 赞美斗争，赞美这一天。赞美每一块手写的牌子，在厨房餐桌上想出来的。• 有人活着，“爱人如己”。• 有人相信首先不要损人，或仅取所需。• 如果最崇高的词是爱，那么爱超越了婚姻、亲子、民族。爱投射出扩大的光圈。爱无怨尤。

• 在今天的耀眼闪光中，在这个冬天的空气中，一切皆可造就，一切从此开始。• 在悬崖的边缘，在酒杯的边缘，在极点——赞美那光明中的前行。

Group Discussion

1. Please divide yourselves into groups of 4 or 5 students for each.

2. Have a discussion focusing on one of the following questions for 5 minutes.

3. Choose one out of each group to present your group discussion. When the student gives his or her presentation, please come to the front of the classroom.

4. Others listen carefully and grade the performance of the speakers.

5. The speakers grade their own performance.

6. The teacher grades the performance of each speaker.

Direction:

Try to collect some sayings about praise.

Maxims on praise

• Our praises are our wages. --Shakespeare

• I can live for two months on a good compliment.

---Mark Twain

Discussion

• Do you like to hear praise? Why or why not?• What profits can praise bring?• What can be regarded as praise?• Which do you benefit more from, praise or

criticism? Give your reasons.

About praise

           世界上，不只是演员需要掌声，如果没有赞扬和鼓励，任何人都会丧失自信，我们大家都有一 种双重需要，即被别人称赞和去称赞别人。

           没有人不会被真心诚意的赞赏所触动，因为只有真诚才能使赞语具有效力，真诚地赞扬人，才能帮助我们消除在日常接触中所产生的种种摩 擦与不快。如同艺术家在把美带给别人时感到 愉快一样，任何掌握了赞扬艺术的人都会发现， 赞扬不仅给听者，也给自己带来极大的愉快。 它给平凡的生活带来了温暖的快乐，把世界的 喧闹声变成了音乐。

          人人都有值得称道的地方， 我们只须把它说出来就是了。

The power of praise

• 赞扬是阳光 ,• 没有它生活的花儿便不能开放 ;• 赞扬是黏合剂 ,• 能聚合众多的朋友在您身边 ;• 赞扬是一缕清新的空气 ,• 扫除沉闷 ,催人向上 ;• 给予赞扬只需付出片刻的思索和努力 ,• 然而产生的效果却难以估量 .

How to praise others

• 1. You look great today.（你今天看上去很棒。）【每天都可以用！】

2. You did a good job. （你干得非常好。）【国际最通用的表扬！】

3. We're so proud of you.（我们十分为你骄傲。）【最高级的表扬！】

4. I'm very pleased with your work.（我对你的工作非常满意。）【真诚的赞扬！】 

5. This is really a nice place.（这真是个好地方！）【效果很好的表扬！】 

6. You're looking sharp!（你看上去真精神 /真棒 /真漂亮。）【与众不同的表扬！】

7. You always know the right thing to say. 8. You're very eloquent.（你总是说话得体。）【高层次的表扬！】 

9. Nice going! = You did a good job.（干得好！）【极其地道的表扬！】 

10. The food is delicious.（好吃！）【最普通、但非常重要的表扬！】 

• 11. Everything tastes great.（每样东西都很美味！） 

12. Your son/daughter is so cute.（你的孩子很可爱。）

13. What an adorable baby! （多么可爱的孩子。）【只管大胆用！】

14. I admire your work. 15. I respect your work.（我对你的工作表示敬意。）【世界通用！】 

16. You've got a great personality.（你的个性很好。）【一个非常安全的表扬！】 

17. You have a good sense of humor.（你真幽默。）【美国人极其喜欢的表扬！】 

18. Your Chinese is really surprising.（你的中文令人惊讶。）

19. Your English is incredible.（我真不敢相信你的英语。）【用了六星级形容词！】 

20. You have a very successful business.（你的事业很成功。） 

• 21. You're very professional.（你非常专业。）【专业化的表扬！】

22. Your company is very impressive.（你的公司给我留下深刻印象。）

23. You're so smart.（你非常聪明。） 

24. I envy you very much.（我非常羡慕你。） 

25. Your wife is very charming.（你的妻子很有魅力！）

26. You two make a lovely couple.（你们真是天生的一对！） 

27. You're really talented.（你很有天赋。） 

28. You look nice in that color.（你穿那种颜色很好看。） 

29. You have a good taste.（你很有品位。） 

30. You look like a million dollars. = You look outstanding.　　 (你看起来身体好极了 )

Background information

William Shakespeare Mark Twain

Do you know this famous person?

Can you say something about

him?

William Shakespeare

• William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was an English playwright and poet, recognized in much of the world as the greatest of all dramatists.

• Style: • His plays communicate a profound knowledge of the

sources of human behavior, revealed through portrayals of a wide variety of characters.

• His use of poetry within his plays to express the deepest levels of human motivation in various situations is considered one of the greatest accomplishments in literary history.

• His famous plays:

• Romeo and Juliet• Much Ado About Nothing• A Midsummer Night’s Dream• The Merchant of Venice• Hamlet• Macbeth

Can you list some famous works of him?

Mark Twain

• Mark Twain (1835-1910) is the pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, a great American writer and humorist.

• Style: • His best work is characterized by broad, often irr

everent humor or biting social satire. Twain’s writing is also known for realism of place and language, memorable characters, and hatred of hypocrisy（伪善） and oppression（压迫） .

• His famous work:

• The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885)

• The book is the story of the title character, known as Huck, a boy who flees his father by rafting down the Mississippi River with a runaway slave, Jim

Dictation

Listen to the following paragraph and then fill in the missing words.

Praise is like to the human spirit; we can’t and without it. And yet, while most of us are only too ready to to others the cold wind of , we are somehow to give our fellows the warm sunshine of

sunlight_______ flower_____ grow____apply_____

criticism_______ reluctant________praise_____.

Listening practice

Listening Practice---Blank-filling

Are we too quick to blame and slow to praise? It seems we are.

PROFITS OF PRAISE

It was the end of my first day as waitress in a busy New York restaurant. My cap had gone awry, my apron was stained, my feet ached. The loaded trays I carried felt heavier and heavier. Weary and discouraged, I didn’t seem able to do anything right. As I made out a complicated check for a family with several children who had changed their ice-cream order a dozen times, I was ready to .

Then the father smiled at me as he handed me my tip. “Well done,” he said. “You’ve looked after us really well.”

• Suddenly my tiredness . I smiled back, and later, when the manager asked me how I’d liked my first day, I said, “Fine!” Those few words of praise had changed everything.

• Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it. And yet, while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.

exhausting

quit

vanished

reluctant

Why — when one word can bring such pleasure? A friend of mine who travels widely always tries to learn a little of the language of any place she visits. She’s not much of a linguist, but she does know how to say one word — “beautiful” — in several languages. She can use it to a mother holding her baby, or to a lonely salesman fishing out pictures of his family. The ability has earned her friends all over the world.

It’s strange how chary we are about praising. Perhaps it’s because few of us know how to accept compliments gracefully. Instead, we are embarrassed and the words we are really so glad to hear. Because of this reaction, direct compliments are surprisingly difficult to give. That is why some of the most valued pats on the back are those which come to us indirectly, in a letter or passed on by a friend. When one thinks of the speed with which spiteful remarks are conveyed, it seems a pity that there isn’t more effort to relay pleasing and comments.

It’s especially rewarding to give praise in areas in which effort generally goes unnoticed or unmentioned. An artist gets complimented for a glorious picture, a cook for a perfect meal. But do you ever tell your laundry manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right? Do you ever praise your paper boy for getting the paper to you on time 365 days a year?

shrug offdefensive

flattering

Praise is particularly appreciated by those doing : gas-station attendants, waitresses — even housewives. Do you ever go into a house and say, “What a tidy room?” Hardly anybody does. That’s why housework is considered such a dreary grind. Comment is often made about activities which are relatively easy and satisfying, like , but not about jobs which are hard and dirty, like scrubbing floors. Shakespeare said, “Our praises are our wages.” Since so often praise is the only wage a housewife receives, surely she of all people should get her measure.

Mothers know that for children an ounce of praise is worth a pound of scolding. Still, we’re not always as as we might be about applying the rule. One day I was criticizing my children for squabbling. “Can you never play peacefully?” I shouted. Susanna looked at me quizzically.

“Of course we can,” she said. “But you don’t notice us when we do." Teachers agree about the value of praise. One teacher writes that instead of drowning students’ compositions in critical red ink, the teacher will get far more constructive results by finding one or two things which have been done better than last time, and commenting favorably on them. “I believe that a student knows when he has handed in something above his usual standard,” writes the teacher, “and that he waits hungrily for a brief comment in the margin to show him that the teacher is aware of it, too.”

routine jobs

arranging flowers

instinctivelyperceptive

• Behavioral scientists have done countless experiments to prove that any human being tends to repeat an act which has been immediately followed by a pleasant result. In one such experiment, a number of schoolchildren were divided into three groups and given arithmetic tests daily for five days. One group was consistently for its previous performance; another group was ; the third was .

• Not surprisingly, those who were praised improved dramatically. Those who were criticized improved also, but not so much. And the scores of the children who were ignored hardly improved at all. Interestingly the brightest children were helped just as much by criticism as by praise, but the less able children reacted badly to criticism, needed praise the most. Yet the latter are the very youngsters who, in most schools, fail to get the pat on the back.

To give praise costs the giver nothing but a moment’s thought and a moment’s effort — perhaps a quick phone call to pass on a compliment, or five minutes spent writing an appreciative letter. It is such a small investment — and yet consider the results it may produce. “I can live for two months on a good compliment,” said Mark Twain.

So, let’s be to the small excellences around us — and comment on them. We will not only bring joy into other people’s lives, but also, very often, added happiness into our own.

praisedcriticized ignored

alert

Debate

• Shall we praise or criticize?

• Directions: Divide the class into two parts. Each part chooses one side and prepare before class. Representatives give arguments first and then begin free debate. Teacher guides and concludes at last.

Assignments

• Read the new words again and again after class, next time you are supposed to read them aloud in class.

• Read the text and do Ex. 1-2.• Preview Reading skill and do related ex.• Do translation work.