UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI

FAKULTETA ZA ELEKTROTEHNIKO

Aleš Kobe

VIRTUALNI INSTRUMENT ZA ZAJEMANJE

PSIHOFIZIOLOŠKIH PARAMETROV

Ljubljana, 2012

2

POVZETEK

V današnjem času se vedno več inženirjev srečuje s programskim okoljem LabVIEW, saj je

postalo zaradi njegove podpore zelo razširjeno in priljubljeno. Diplomsko delo obravnava

zasnovo merilnega instrumenta, v katerem združimo več naprav preko različnih tipov vodil in

jih povežemo v celovit sistem za merjenje psihofizioloških parametrov. Bistvo naloge je

spoznati programski grafični jezik G ter načine povezovanja naprav preko vodil USB, RS232

ter Ethernet (UDP).

Preko dela se najprej spoznamo z psihofiziološkimi parametri, ki jih merimo na kompleksnem

sistemu – človeku. Merimo frekvenco srčnega utripa, krvni tlak, EKG signal, telesno

temperaturo, respiracijo ter galvanski odziv kože. Zajemamo s pomočjo komercialnega

merilnega sistema BIOPAC MP150, ki se uporablja v znanstveno-raziskovalne namene in

omogoča merjenje psihofizioloških parametrov na človeku. Sistemu dodamo 24-urni merilnik

krvnega tlaka SunTech Medical Oscar 2, ki se uporablja v medicinske namene, in spletno

kamero Logitech USB, ki v našem sklopu predstavlja strojni vid, saj z njeno pomočjo

verificiramo pridobljene podatke na računalniku. Sledi predstavitev komunikacijskih vodil in

protokolov. Prav tako se posvetimo predstavitvi grafičnega jezika G ter API-ju oz. vmesniku

uporabniškega programa, ki nam je olajšal programiranje virtualnega instrumenta. Delo

predstavi tudi težave, na katere sem naletel med delom za diplomo in jih uspešno

premagoval.

Na koncu diplomskega dela se posvetimo eksperimentu in analizi meritev, ki na praktičnem

primeru na različnih osebah prikaže merjenje ter zajemanje podatkov z različnih

komunikacijskih vodil. Naši rezultati potrdijo dejstvo, da je človek kompleksen sistem, na

katerega (tudi podzavestno) lahko vplivajo različni zunanji dejavniki, v našem primeru

predvajanje različnih video-vsebin, oziroma neprijetno mehansko stiskanje manšete na

podlahti. Diplomsko delo združuje področje inženirskega meroslovja s področji medicine,

psihologije in informacijske tehnologije, pri čemer tematiko obravnava iz stališča merilne

tehnike in odpira možnost interdisciplinarnega sodelovanja.

Diplomsko delo se ne spušča v medicinsko in psihološko problematiko merjenja parametrov

in je osnovano na problematiki merilnih metod, merilnih instrumentov in merilnih principov.

KLJUČNE BESEDE:

merilni instrument, srčni utrip, krvni tlak, telesna temperatura, galvanski odziv kože,

respiracija, virtualni instrument, LabVIEW, grafični jezik G, kompleksni sistem, BIOPAC

MP150

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, more and more engineers are faced with LabVIEW software because of its ease

of use good support and increasing popularity. This thesis presents the implementation of a

measuring instrument in which we combine multiple devices through various types of

interface buses and connect them into a comprehensive system for measuring

psychophysiological parameters. The main goal of thesis is to learn graphical programming

language G, and ways to connect devices via the USB interface bus, RS232, and Ethernet

(UDP).

Through thesis we first deal with physiological and psychological parameters which are

measured on a complex system – human. We measure heart rate, blood pressure, ECG

signal, body temperature, respiration, and galvanic skin response. Measurement data was

acquired by means of a commercial BIOPAC MP150 measuring system, which is used for

research and scientific purposes and integrates physiological and psychological

measurement on human. Additionally we added an ambulatory blood pressure monitor

Suntech Medical Oscar 2 and a Logitech USB camera, which represented machine vision.

Using the camera we could verify acquired data from Oscar 2. In the following chapter is

presented a presentation of communication buses and protocols. In this chapter we explain

the basics of graphic language G and application program interface (API), which helped us to

program virtual instrument more easily. The thesis also presents the problems encountered

while working on the subject.

The end of thesis details the experiment and analysis of measurements during experiment

involving healthy volunteers. Two experiments are presented determination of changes of

psychophysiological parameters during displaying specific video content and during uncomfortable

mechanical inflation of the cuff on the forearm while measuring blood pressure non-

invasively.

The thesis combines the field of engineering and metrology with the fields of medicine,

psychology and information technology, from the measuring science point of view. Thus it

opens up the possibility of interdisciplinary cooperation.

The thesis does not deal in detail with the medical and psychological science fields, but is

rather focused on measurement related problems, measuring methods and measuring

instrumentation alone.

KEYWORDS:

measuring instrument, heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, galvanic skin

response, respiration, body heat flux, anxiety, virtual instrument, LabVIEW, G programming

language, complex system, BIOPAC MP150

I

Kazalo

1. UVOD ........................................................................................................................ 8

2. FIZIOLOŠKI IN PSIHOLOŠKI PARAMETRI .................................................................... 10

2.1. Srčni utrip in merjenje srčnega utripa ....................................................................... 10

2.2. Elektrokardiogram (EKG) in merjenje aktivnosti srca ................................................ 11

2.3. Telesna temperatura in merjenje telesne temperature ........................................... 13

2.3.1. Merilniki telesne temperature ........................................................................... 14

2.4. Krvni tlak in merjenje krvnega tlaka .......................................................................... 16

2.4.1. Merilniki krvnega tlaka ....................................................................................... 17

2.5. Galvanski odziv kože in merjenje prevodnosti kože .................................................. 20

2.6. Spremenljivost srčne frekvence in merjenje HRV-ja ................................................. 21

2.7. Dihanje in merjenje respiracije .................................................................................. 23

3. UPORABLJENA OPREMA .......................................................................................... 26

3.1. BIOPAC MP150 .......................................................................................................... 26

3.1.1. Modul UIM100C ..................................................................................................... 29

3.1.2. Ostali moduli .......................................................................................................... 30

3.1.2.1. GSR100C ............................................................................................................. 31

3.1.2.2. ECG100C ............................................................................................................. 32

3.1.2.3. RSP100C .............................................................................................................. 33

3.1.2.4. SKT100C .............................................................................................................. 34

3.1.2.5. DA100C in NIBP100D .......................................................................................... 34

3.2. Merilnik krvnega tlaka SunTech Medical Oscar 2 APBM ........................................... 36

3.3. Logitech USB kamera ................................................................................................. 37

II

4. KOMUNIKACIJSKA VODILA IN PROTOKOLI ............................................................... 39

4.1. RS232 ......................................................................................................................... 39

4.2. USB – Univerzalno serijsko vodilo ............................................................................. 40

4.3. Ethernet (UDP protokol) ............................................................................................ 41

5. RAZVOJNO OKOLJE LABVIEW ................................................................................... 43

5.1. Posebnosti okolja LabVIEW ....................................................................................... 44

5.2. Sestavljanje programa ............................................................................................... 45

5.3. Sloj VISA ..................................................................................................................... 46

6. VIRTUALNI INSTRUMENT ZA ZAJEMANJE PSIHOFIZIOLOŠKIH PARAMETROV ............. 48

6.1. Čelna plošča ............................................................................................................... 49

6.1.1. Zavihek »Prednja plošča« ...................................................................................... 49

6.1.2. Zavihek »Oscar 2« .................................................................................................. 51

6.1.3. Zavihek »Kamera« .................................................................................................. 52

6.1.4. Zavihek »Nastavitve« ............................................................................................. 53

6.2. Bločni diagrami .......................................................................................................... 53

6.2.1. Bločni diagrami – BIOPAC MP150 .......................................................................... 54

6.2.2. Bločni diagram – Zajem slike s kamero .................................................................. 63

6.2.3. Bločni diagram – Oscar 2........................................................................................ 66

7. ZAJEM SIGNALOV (EKSPERIMENT) ........................................................................... 69

7.1. Opis eksperimenta ..................................................................................................... 69

7.2. Rezultati ..................................................................................................................... 73

8. ZAKLJUČEK .............................................................................................................. 80

LITERATURA .................................................................................................................... 81

Ostali viri ............................................................................................................................... 82

UPORABLJENE KRATICE ................................................................................................... 84

PRILOGE ......................................................................................................................... 86

III

A. Priporočljive vrednosti hitrosti zajemanja podatkov iz posameznih modulov sistema

BIOPAC MP150 ..................................................................................................................... 86

IZJAVA ............................................................................................................................ 88