v hcp bapjw - freebiblecommentary.org · tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn\v hcp bapjw {]mcw` {] ... c....

$: v Hcp BapJw - freebiblecommentary.org · tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn\v Hcp BapJw {]mcw` {] ... C. kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb Dd-∏n-°-ep-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn-emWv$
1

tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn\v Hcp BapJw

{]mcw` {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

A. aØm-bnbpw eqs°mkpw Bcw- n-°p-∂Xv tbip-hns‚ P\-\-tØm-sSbpw a¿s°mkv Bcw- n-°p-∂Xv

Ahs‚ kv\m\-tØm-sS-bp-am-Wv. F∂m¬ tbml-∂m≥ krjvSn-∏n\p aptº Bcw- n-°p-∂p.

B. H∂mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ H∂mw hmIyw apX¬ tbml-∂m≥ tbip-hns‚ ]q¿Æ ssZh-XzsØ Ah-Xcn-

∏n-°p-Ibpw kphn-ti-j-Øn-ep-S-\ofw Cu Du∂¬ XpScpIbpw sNøp-∂p. kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ßƒ

Ah-cpsS Ah-X-cW-Øns‚ Ah-km\w hsc Cu kXysØ (a-in-sslI cl-kyw) ad-®p-sh-bv°p∂p.

C. kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb Dd-∏n-°-ep-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn-emWv tbml-∂m≥

Xs‚ kphn-tijw cq]-I-ev]\ sNøp-∂-Xv F∂p hy‡-am-Wv. BZna k -bpsS (H∂mw \q‰m-≠ns‚

Ah-km-\w) Bh-iy-IXbpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ tbip-hns‚ Pohn-X-sØbpw ]Tn-∏n-°-en-s\bpw hymJym-

\n-°p-hm\pw AXns\ ]n¥p-W-bv°p∂ IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-ßƒ \evIp-hm-\p-amWv Xm≥ {ian-°p-∂-Xv.

D. tbml-∂m≥ tbip ain-lm-sb°p-dn-®p≈ Xs‚ Ah-X-cWw cq]-I-ev]\ sNøp-∂-Xv:

1. Ggv A¤p-X-ßƒ/AS-bm-f-ßƒ Ah-bpsS hmJym\w

2. Ccp-]Øntbgv A`n-apJ kw`m-j-W-ßƒ/As√-¶n¬ hy‡n-I-fp-am-bp≈ kwhmZ-ßƒ

3. {]tXyI Bcm-[-\-I-fp-sSbpw D’-h-Øn-s‚bpw Zn\-ßƒ

a. i∫Øv

b. s]kl (H.-t\m. A[ymb-ßƒ 5˛6)

c. Iq-Sm-c-ßƒ (H.-t\m. A[ymb-ßƒ 7˛10)

d. {]Xn-jvtTm-’hw (H.-t\m. 10:22˛39)

4. ""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

a. ssZhn-I-\m-a-tØmSv _‘-s∏´h (b-tlm-h)

1) Rm≥ Xt∂ (4:26; 8:24,28; 13:19; 18:5- 6)

2) A{_lmw P\n-®-Xn-\p-aptº Rm≥ D≠v (8:54˛59)

b. BJym\ \ma-t[-b-tØm-sSm∏w

1) Rm≥ Pohs‚ A∏w BIp∂p (6:35,41,48,51)

2) Rm≥ temI-Øns‚ shfn-®w B-Ip∂p (8:12)

3) Rm≥ BSp-I-fpsS hmXn¬ BIp∂p (10:7,9)

4) Rm≥ \√ CS-b-≥ B-Ip-∂p (10:11,14)

5) Rm≥ Xt∂ ]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw Poh\pw BIp∂p (11:25)

6) Rm≥ Xt∂ hgnbpw kXyhpw Poh\pw BIp∂p (14:6)

7) Rm≥ km£m¬ ap¥n-cn-h-≈n- B-Ip∂p (15:1,5)

E. tbml-∂m\pw a‰p kphn-ti-j-ßfpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-k-ßƒ

1. tbml-∂ms‚ {]mY-anI e£yw ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-am-bn-cp∂psh∂Xv hmkvX-h-am-sW-¶n-epw, Xs‚

Ncn-{X-Øn-s‚bpw `qanimkv{X-Øn-s‚bpw D]-tbmKw G‰hpw IrXyhpw hni-Z-hp-am-Wv. kam-¥c

kphn-ti-j-ßfpw tbml-∂m\pw XΩn-ep≈ ssh]-cn-Xy-Øn\v IrXy-amb ImcWw \n›-ban-√.

a. sblqZybnse BZy-Ime ip{iqj (ssZhm-ebØnse BZy-Ime ip≤o-I-c-Ww)

b. tbip-hns‚ Ah-km\ BgvNbpsS Imem-\p-{Ia hnh-c-Whpw Xob-Xn-bpw

c. Hcp e£yt_m[-tØmsS-bp≈ ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb ]p\¿cq]-I-ev]\

2. tbml-∂m\pw kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ßfpw XΩn-ep≈ hy‡-amb hyXym-k-ßƒ N¿® sNøp-∂

Xn-\mbn Hcp \nan-j-sa-Sp-°p-∂Xv D]-Im-c-{]-Z-am-bn-cn-°pw. hyXy-kvX-Isf kw_-‘n-®v tPm¿Pv

F¬U¨ emUns‚ F Xntbm-fPn Hm v Z \yqsS-Ã-sa‚ v F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬\n∂pw Rm≥ D≤

cn°s´:

a. ""\mem-asØ kphn-tijw kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hfsc hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-

Xn-\m¬ CXv IrXy-ambn tbip-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Isf tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂pthm AtXm {InkvXob

hnizmkw BNm-csØ hf-sc-b-[nIw ]cn-jvI-cn-®Xp \nanØw Ncn{Xw ssZh-imkv{X hymJym-

\Øm¬ hngp-ß-s∏- p-t]mtbm F∂p≈ tNmZyw hniz-kvX-ambn Xs∂ t\cn-tS-≠-Xm-Wv'' (t]Pv

215).

b. ""G‰hpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb {]Xn-hn[n tbip-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Isf tbml-∂ms‚ `mjm ssien-

bn¬ {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. CXp icn-bmb {]Xn-hn[n Bbn-cn-°p-I-bpw, \mema

sØ kphn-tijw tbml-∂ms‚ ssien-bn¬ \n¿Ωn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ Xocp-

am\-Øn¬ \mw FØp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ XpS¿∂p hcp∂ {][m-\-s∏´ tNmZyw CXmWv: \mem-asØ

2

kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ ssZh-imkv{Xw GX-f-hp-h-sc-bmWv tbip-hnt‚-sX-∂-Xn-ep-]cn tbml-∂m-

t‚Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv? \ap°v e`y-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv tbip-hns‚ IrXy-amb ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-IfpsS IrXy-

amb Nn{X-I-cWw F∂-Xn-ep-]cn tbml-∂ms‚ hymJym-\-amWv F∂p Nn¥n-°-Ø-°-hn[w

tbip-hns‚ D]-tZ-i-ßsf tbml-∂m≥ F{X-am{Xw kzmwio-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p?'' (t]Pv 215).

c. Uªyp. Un. tUhokpw Un. Uyq-t_bpw FUn-‰¿am-cmbn {]kn-≤o-I-cn® Z _mIv{Ku≠v Hm v

Z \yqsS-Ã-sa‚ v B‚ v C‰vkv FkvI-t‰m-fPn F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ Uªyp. F^v. B¬ss{_-

‰ns‚ ""]e-kvXo-\nse kao-]-Ime Is≠-Ø-ep-Ifpw tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-jhpw'' F∂

teJ-\-Øn¬\n∂pw emUv C≤-cn-°p-∂-Xn-{]-Im-c-amWv:

""tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-jhpw kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ßfpw XΩn¬ D]-tZ-i-Øn¬

(]-Tn-∏n-°-en¬) auen-I-amb Hcp hyXym-khpw C√; sshcp-≤y-ßƒ ÿnXnsNøp-∂Xv

{InkvXp-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ens‚ Nne LS-I-ß-tfm-sSm∏w ]mc-º-cyØn¬ {i≤-tI-{μo-

Icn°p-∂-Xn-em-Wv, {]tXy-In®v Ft \y-cpsS ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-tfmSv hfsc ASpØ kmay-

ap≈ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-fn-em-Wv.

tbip-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ hf-s®m-Sn-°-s∏-´p-sht∂m sX‰mbn Nn{Xo-Icn-°-s∏-

´p-sht∂m As√-¶n¬ Hcp {][m-\-s∏´ ]pXnb LSIw Ah-tbmSv tN¿°-s∏- p-sht∂m

ImWn-°p-∂ bmsXm-∂p-an-√. kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp∂ hkvXp-X-I-fpsS Xnc-

s™-Sp-∏ns\ BZna k -bpsS Bh-iy-I-X-Iƒ kzm[o-\n-®p-sh-∂v \mw kΩ-Xn-°p-tºmƒ

Xt∂, ssZh-imkv{X]c-amb {]m[m-\y-Øns‚ Is≠-Ø-en-t\m, \n¿Ωm-W-Ønt\m

BZna k -bpsS Bh-iy-I-X-Iƒ Imc-W-amsb∂v Nn¥n°p-hm≥ bmsXmcp Imc-W-hp-

an-√.

]pXnb\nbaØns‚ hna¿i\ ]WvUn-X-∑m-cp-sSbpw ssZh-im-kv{X-⁄-∑m-cp-sSbpw

hnNn-{X-amb A\p-am-\-ß-fn-sem-∂v, tbml-∂m\pw kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ßfpw XΩn-

ep≈ hy‡-amb GXp sshcp-≤yhpw BZn-a-Ime {InkvXob ssZh-im-kv{X-⁄-∑m-

cpsS A`n-{]mb hyXymkw \nanØw D≠m-b-XmsW-∂Xm-Wv. ImcWw tbip-hns‚

a\ v hfsc ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hmtcm henb Nn¥-I-s\bpw hy‡n-Xz-sØbpw

tIgvhn°mcpw kvt\ln-Xcpw hyXykvX coXn-bn-em-bn-cn°pw hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿

Xßƒ ImWp-Ibpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNbvXXn¬\n∂pw G‰hpw A\p-tbm-Pyhpw D]-

Im-c-{]-Z-hp-am-bh Xnc-s™-Sp°pw'' (t]Pv 170- 171).

d. tPm¿÷v C. emUv ho≠pw ]d-bp-∂p,

""Ah XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw tbml-∂m≥ ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-am-sW∂pw a‰p-≈h

As√-∂p-ap-≈-X-√, ]ns∂tbm Ah-sb√mw hyXykvX \neI-fn¬ ssZh-imkv{X]c-am-

sW-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. hymJym-\n-°-s∏´ Ncn{Xw shdpw Imem-\p-{I-a-amb kw -h-ß-sf-°mƒ

A[nIw hmkvX-hn-I-ambn Hcp kml-N-cy-Øns‚ hkvXp-X-Isf {]Xn-\n-[oI-cn-t®°mw.

tbml-∂m≥ ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Hcp hymJym-\-am-sW-¶n¬ AXv Ncn-{X-Øn¬ kw -

hn-®-Xmbn tbml-∂m\p t_m≤y-ap≈ kw`-h-ß-fpsS Hcp hyJym-\-am-Wv. kam-¥c

kphn-ti-j-ß-fpsS e£yw tbip-hns‚ hm°p-I-fpsS IrXy-amb tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øtem

Xs‚ PohnX kw`-h-ß-fpsS Hcp Ncn-{Xtam A√ F∂p hy‡-amWv. Ah tbip-

hns‚ OmbmNn-{X-ßfpw Xs‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-fpsS kw{K-l-ß-fp-am-Wv. aØm-bnbpw

eqs°mkpw a¿s°m-knse hkvXp-X-Isf kzX-{¥-ambn ]p\¿{I-ao-I-cn-°p-Ibpw hfsc

kzmX-{¥y-tØmsS tbip-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Isf tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. tbml-

∂m≥ aØm-bn-sb-°mfpw eqs°mkn-s\-°m-fpw IqSp-X¬ kzmX{¥yw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-

s≠-¶n¬ AXv tbip-hns‚ ]c-ahpw A[nIw bYm¿∞-hp-amb Ombm-Nn{Xw e`y-am-

°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Xs‚ B{Klw \nan-Ø-am-bn-cp∂p'' (t]Pv 221- 222).

Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥A. Cu kphn-tij cN-bn-Xm-hn-s\-°p-dn®p kphn-tijw au\w ]men-°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw tbml-∂ms‚

{KŸI¿ØrXzsØ∏‰n kqN\ \¬Ip-∂p-≠v.

1. ZrIvkm-£n-bmb Hcp Fgp-Øp-Imc≥ (H. t\m. 19:35)

2. ""kvt\ln-°p∂ injy≥'' F∂ {]tbmKw (t]m-fn-t{I‰kpw sFtd-\n-bkpw CXv As∏mkvX-e-

\mb tbml-∂m\msW∂v hy‡-am°p-∂p)

3. sk_-Zn-bpsS ]p{X-\mb tbml-∂m-s\ Hcn-SØpw t]cn-\m¬ kqNn-∏n-®n- n-√

B. Ncn{X ]›m-Øew kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ \n∂p Xs∂ hy‡-am-Wv, AXp-sIm≠v {KŸ-I¿ØrXzw

hymJym-\-Øn¬ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb Hcp LS-I-a-√. ssZh-\n-thinX-\mb Hcp Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ ÿnco-

I-cWw \n¿Æm-b-I-am-Wv!

3

tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ {KŸI¿Ør-Xzhpw Imehpw ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b-Xsb-b√

]ns∂tbm hymJym-\-sØ-bmWv _m[n-°p-∂-Xv. hymJym-Xm-°ƒ At\z-jn-°p-∂Xv Hcp Ncn{X ]›m-

Ø-ehpw {KŸ-sa-gp-Xp-hm≥ Imc-W-amb Hcp kμ¿ -hp-am-Wv. tbml-∂ms‚ Zzμz- m-hsØ Hcp-h≥,

1. c≠v sblqZ ImeL- -ßƒ

2. Jp{am\nse \oXn-bpsS Kpcp

3. skmcm-jv{Sn-b≥ aXw

4. Kvt\mÃnIv Nn¥

5. tbip-hns‚ AXp-ey-amb ho£Ww

F∂n-h-bp--ambn Xmc-Xayw sNtø-≠-Xpt≠m?

C. BZna ]mc-ºcy ho£-W{]Imcw, sk_-Zn-]p-{X-\mb As∏mkvX-e-\mb tbml-∂m≥ am\p-jnIamb

ZrIvkm£n t{kmX- mWv. CXv ÿnco-I-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠v, ImcWw H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse _mly

t{kmX- p-Iƒ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ \n¿Ωm-W-Øn¬ Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂-h-scbpw _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xmbn

ImWmw:

1. Iq´p-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw Fs^tkmknse hm¿≤-Iy-Øn-te°p \oßns°m-≠n-cp∂ As∏m-kvXes\

Fgp-Xp-hm≥ t{]m’m-ln-∏n®p (bq-ko_n-bkv Ae-Ivkm-{≠n-bm-bnse s¢a‚ns\ D≤cn°p-∂p).

2. Hcp kl As∏m-kvX-e-\mb As{¥-bmkv (tdm-an¬ \n∂p-ap≈ apdm-t‰m-dn-b≥ iI-ew, F.-Un. 180-

˛200)

D. kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ ssien-sbbpw {]Xn-]m-Zy-sØbpw ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-SpØn Nne B[p-\nI ]WvUn-

X-∑m¿ as‰mcp Fgp-Øp-Im-cs\ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. c≠mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ BZna Ime-L- -sØ-bmWv

(F. Un. 115 \p apºv) A[nIw t]cpw A\p-am-\n-°p-∂Xv.

1. tbml-∂ms‚ ]Tn-∏n-°¬ Hm¿Øn-cp∂ Xs‚ injy-∑m-cm¬ Fgp-X-s∏´p (tbm-l-∂ms‚ kzm[o-\

hebw) (sP. -sh-bvkv, _n. sse‰v p v, kn.-F®v. tUmUv, Hm. Ipƒam≥, B¿.- F. Iƒs]-∏¿, kn.-

sI. _msc-‰v)

2. As∏m-kvX-e-\mb tbml-∂ms‚ ssZh-imkv-{X-Ømepw ]Z-{]-tbm-K-Ømepw kzm[o\n-°-s∏´ Gjy-

bnse BZna t\Xm-°-∑m-cpsS t{iWn-bnse Hcp-h\mb ""aq∏-\mb tbml-∂m≥'' Fgp-Xn. ]m∏n-

bm-kns‚ (F. Un. 70- 146) A⁄m-X-amb Hcp enJn-X-Øn¬ \n∂pw bpko-_n-bkv (F. Un. 280-

˛339) D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈ Hcp D≤-c-Wn-bn¬\n-∂p-amWv Cu t]cp e`n-®-Xv.

E. kphn-ti-j-Ønse hkvXp-X-I-fpsS {]mY-anI Dd-hnSw tbml-∂m≥ Xs∂-bm-sW-∂-Xn-\p≈ sXfn-hv

1. B¥-cnI sXfnhpIƒ

a. Fgp-Øp-Imc≥ sblqZy ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-sfbpw BN-c-ß-sfbpw Adn-bp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS ]gb

\nba temI-ho-£-WsØ ]¶p-h-bv°p-Ibpw sNbvXncp∂p

b. teJ-I≥ F.-Un. 70 \p apºp≈ ]me-kvXo-s\bpw sbcqi-te-an-s\bpw bYm¿∞ Ah-ÿ-

bn¬ Adn™ncp∂p

c. Fgp-Øp-Imc≥ ZrIvkm-£n-bm-sW∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂p

1) 1:14

2) 19:35

3) 21:24

d. Fgp-Øp-Imc≥ As∏m-kvX-enI KW-Ønse Hcw-K-am-bn-cp-∂p, ImcWw X\n°p Xmsg ImWp∂

Imcy-ßƒ ]cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp∂p:

1) ÿe-Øn-s‚bpw kabØn-s‚bpw hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ (cm{Xn-bnse \ymbhnkvXmcw)

2) FÆ-Øns‚ hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ (2:6 se Iev-]m-{X-ßfpw 21:11 se a’y-ßfpw)

3) hy‡n-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ

4) kw -h-ß-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-ßfpw Ah-tbm-Sp≈ {]Xn-I-c-Whpw Fgp-Øp-Imc\v Adn-bm-ambn-

cp-∂p

5) Fgp-Øp-Imc≥ ""kvt\ln-°p∂ injy≥'' F∂ \maw kzbw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p

a) 13:23,25

b) 19:26˛27, 34˛35

c) 20:2˛5, 8

d) 21:7, 20- 24

6) ]s{Xm-kn-t\m-sSm∏w Dƒh-e-b-Ønse Hcw-Kam-bn-cp∂p Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw -F∂p hy‡w

a) 13:24

b) 20:2

c) 21:7

7) sk_-Zn-bpsS ]p{X-\mb tbml-∂m≥ As∏m-kvX-enI Dƒh-e-b-Ønse Hcw-K-am-bn-cp-∂n´pw

4

Ahs‚ t]cv kphn-ti-j-Øn-sem-cn-SØpw ImWp∂n√ F∂Xv hfsc Akm-[m-c-W-ambn

tXm∂p-∂p

2. _mly- sXfn-hp-Iƒ

a. Cu kphn-tijsØ°p-dn-®p≈ Adnhv:

1) t]mfn-°m¿∏n-s\m∏w klIcn®ncp∂ sFtd-\n-bkn\v (F.-Un. 120- 202) Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.

sFtd-\n-b-kn\v As∏mkvX-e-\mb tbml-∂ms\°pdn®v Adn-hp≠mbncp∂p (H. t\m. bq-

kn-_n-b-kns‚ lntÃm-dn-°¬ F¢o-kn-bm-Ãn-°-kv, 5:20:6˛7). ""Xs‚ amdn-te°v Nm™p

InS-∂n-cp-∂-Xmb I¿Øm-hns‚ injy\pw Gjy-bnse Fs -skm-kn¬ sh®v kphn-tijw

]I¿∂p sImSp-Ø-h-\p-amb tbml-∂m≥'' (lm-sb¿ 3:1:1, bqkn_nb-kn¬ D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p

lntÃm-dn-°¬ F¢o-kn-bm-Ãn-°-kv, 5:8:4)

2) Ae-Ivkm-{≠n-bm-bnse s¢a‚ v (F. Un. 153- 217). ""Xs‚ kplr-Øp-°-fm¬ D’m-ln-°-

s∏- -h\pw Bflm-hn-\m¬ t{]cn-∏n-°-s∏- -h-\p-am-b tbml-∂m≥ Hcp Bflob kphn-

tijw cNn®p'' (bq-ko_n-bkv, lntÃm-dn-°¬ F¢o-kn-bm-Ãn-°-kv, 6:14:17)

3) PÃn≥ am¿´n-b¿ (F.- Un. 110- 165). Xs‚ Ub-temKv hnØv ss{St^m, 81:4

4) sX¿Øp-ey-≥ (F.- Un. 145- 220)

b. BZn-a-Im-e- ZrIvkm-£n-Iƒ tbml-∂ms‚ {KŸ-I¿ØrXzsØ AwKo-I-cn-®n-cp∂p

1) kvap¿∂-bnse _nj-∏m-bn-cp∂ (F.- Un. 155) t]mfn-Im¿∏v (F.- Un. 70- 156) km£y-s∏-Sp-

Øn-b-Xmbn sFtd-\n-b-kv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønbn-cn-°p∂p

2) {^pKy-bnse lnsb-cm-t]m-eo-knse _nj-∏pw As∏m-kvX-e-\mb tbml-∂ms‚ injy-s\∂v

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂h\p-amb ]m∏n-bm-kv (F.- Un. 70- 146). bqko_n-b-kpw tdman¬

\n∂p-≈ am¿t°m-ss\-‰ns\Xn-cmb Bap-J-Ønepw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønbn-cn-°p∂p

F. ]mc-ºcy {KŸ-I¿Ør-XzsØ kwi-bn-°p-hm-\p-]-tbm-Kn® Imc-W-ßƒ

1. Kvt\mÃnIv {]ta-b-ß-tfm-Sp≈ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ _‘w.

2. Ccp-]-sØm∂mw A[ym-b-Øns‚ A\p-_‘ kz`mhw

3. kaho£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fp-am-bp≈ Imem-\p-{I-a-amb s]mcp-Ø-an-√m-bva-Iƒ

4. tbml-∂m≥ Xs∂-°p-dn-®p- Xt∂ ""kvt\ln-°p∂ injy≥'' F∂v ]cm-a¿in-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

5. tbml-∂ms‚ tbip kaho£W- kp-hn-ti-j-ß-fp-tS-Xn-t\-°mƒ hyXy-kvX-amb ]Z-{]-tbmK-ßfpw

ssienIfpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p

G. CXv As∏m-kvX-emb tbml-∂m-\m-sW∂v \mw kΩXn-®m¬ B a\p-jy-s\-°p-dn®v \mw F¥-\p-am-

\n°pw?

1. At±lw AXv Fs^skmkn¬ \n∂p-sa-gpXn (sF-td-\n-bkv ]d-bp∂p, ""Cu kphn-tijw \¬I-

s∏- Xv Fs -skmkn¬ \n∂m-Wv'')

2. hm¿≤-Iy-ØnemWv At±lw CsX-gp-Xn-bXv ({Sm-Ps‚ `c-W-Im-ew-hsc (F.-Un. 98- 117) At±lw

Pohn-®n-cp∂p F∂mWv sFtd-\n-bkv ]d-bp-∂Xv

Fgp-Xnb ImewA. As∏m-kvX-e-\mb tbml-∂m-\m-sW∂v \mw A\p-am-\n-®m¬:

1. F.-Un. 70 \p apºv AXm-bXv tdma≥ P\-d-epw ]n∂oSv N{I-h¿Øn-bp-amb XosØmkn-\m¬ sbcp-

itew \in-∏n-°-s∏Spwapºv

a. tbml-∂m≥ 5:2 ¬, ""sbcq-i-te-an¬ B´p-hm-Xnev°¬ t_sYkvZm F∂p F{_mbt]cp≈

Hcp Ipfw D≠p; AXn\p A©p aWvU]w D≠p ...''

b. As∏m-kvX-enI KWsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn ""injy-∑m¿'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ Bh¿Øn-

®p≈ D]-tbm-Kw

c. ]n¬°m-eØv cwK-{]-thiw sNbvX-sX∂p IcpX-s∏´ Kvt\mÃn°v LS-I-ßƒ Ct∏mƒ Nmhp-

I-S¬ Npcp-fp-I-fn¬ I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. CXp kqNn∏n°p-∂Xv Ah H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse

ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb kwhm-Z-ß-fpsS `mKam-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv

d. F.- Un. 70 se ssZhm-e-b-Øn-s‚bpw sbcp-itew \K-c-Øn-s‚bpw \io-I-c-W-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈

kqN-\-bpsS A`m-hw

e. kp{]-kn≤ Ata-cn-°≥ ]pcm-hkvXp imkv{X-⁄-\mb Uªn-bp. F^v. B¬ss{_‰v Cu

kphn-ti-jw 70˛I-fpsS Ah-km-\-Øn-tem, 80˛I-fpsS Bcw- -Øntem FgpXn F∂p {]kvXmhn-

°p-∂p

2. H∂mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ Ah-km\ Imew

a. tbml-∂ms‚ hnI-knX ssZh-imkv{Xw

5

b. sbcqi-te-ans‚ ]X\w kqNn-∏n-®n- n√ Imc-Ww, AXp kw -hn-®Xv GXm≠v Ccp-]Xp h¿j-

ßƒ°p apºm-Wv

c. tbml-∂ms‚ Kvt\mÃnIv C\-Øn-ep≈ ssien-I-fp-sSbpw Du∂-ep-I-fp-sSbpw D]-tbm-Kw

d. k -bpsS BZna ]mc-º-cy-ßƒ

1) sFtd-\n-bkv

2) bqko_n-bkv

B. ""aq∏-\mb tbml-∂m≥'' F∂p \mw A\p-am-\n-®m¬, AXv c≠mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ Bcw- -Øntem a[y- m-

K-Øntem B-bn-cn-°pw. Cu kn≤m¥w cwK-{]-thiw sNbvXXv Utbm-\n-jy-kv km-ln-Xy-]-c-amb

Imc-W-ßƒ \nan-Øw As∏m-kvX-e-\mb tbml-∂ms‚ {KŸ-I¿Ør-Xz-sØ Xnc-kvIcn®tXm-sS-bm-

Wv. ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Ic-W-ß-fm¬ As∏m-kvX-e-\mb tbml-∂ms‚ shfn-∏mSp ]pkvX-IØns‚

{KŸ-I¿ØrXzw \ntj-[n® bqkn-_n-b-kn\p tXm∂n-bXv Xm≥ as‰mcp ""tbml-∂ms\'' ]m∏n-b-

kns‚ D≤-c-Wn-bn¬ icn-bmb ka-bØv, icn-bmb ÿeØv, I≠-Øn-sb∂mWv (lntÃm-dn-°¬

F¢o-kn-bm-Ãn-°-kv, 3:39:5, 6). AhnsS c≠v ""tbml-∂m-∑msc'' Ipdn®p ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p, (1) As∏m-

kvX-e≥, (2) aq∏≥ ({]-kv_n-‰¿).

kzoI¿Øm-°ƒA. CXv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Fgp-X-s∏-´Xv Gjym-ssa-\-dnse tdma≥ {]hn-iy-bn-ep≈ k`-Iƒ°v {]tXy-

In®v Fs -skm-kv k -bv°mWv.

B. \kdmb-\mb tbip-hns‚ Pohn-X-sØbpw BfXz-sØbpw Ipdn-®p≈ Cu hnh-c-W-Øns‚ D∂-X-

amb kc-f-Xbpw Bghpw \nanØw CXv {Ko°p `mj kwkm-cn-®n-cp-∂-h-cmb PmXn-Ifn¬\n-∂p≈

hnizm-kn-IfpsSbpw Kvt\mÃnIv hn`m-K-ßfpsSbpw {]nb-¶-c-amb kphn-ti-j-ambn Xo¿∂p.

Dt±iy-ßƒA. Cu kphn-tij {KŸw Xs∂ AXns‚ kphn-ti-jm-\p-kmcamb e£y-ßƒ Dd∏n°p-∂p-≠v, 20:30- 31

1. sblqZ-cmb hmb-\-°m¿°p-th≠n

2. PmXo-b-cmb hmb-\-°m¿°p-th≠n

3. BZy-Im-e Kvt\mÃnIv hmb-\-°m¿°p-th-≠n

B. CXn\v hnizm-k- k-a¿∞-I-amb (A-t∏m-f-sP-‰n-Iv) Hcp Du∂¬ D-≈-Xmbn ImWmw

1. tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]Is‚ Xo{h-hm-Zn-I-fmb A\p-bm-bn-Iƒs°-Xnsc

2. BZy-Im-e-Øp-≠m-bn-cp∂ hymP Kvt\mÃnIv (⁄m-\-hm-Z) Kpcp-°-∑m-tcmSv ({]-tXy-In®v Bap-Jw);

Cu sX‰mb Kvt\mÃnIv ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Ifpw ]pXnb\nba {KŸ-ß-fpsS cq]o-I-c-W-Øn\v ]›m-

Øew Hcp-°n-bn- p-≠v

a. Fs^-ky¿

b sImsem-ky¿

c. CS-b-te-J-\-ßƒ (1 Xnsam-sY-sbm-kv, XosØm-kv, 2 Xnsam-sY-sbm-kv)

d. 1 tbml-∂m≥ (1 tbml-∂m≥ Hcp]s£ tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Hcp Ah-X-cW

Ipdn-∏mbn {]h¿Øn-®n-cn-°-Ww)

C. c£-sb-∏‰n hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bp≈ ""h¿Ø-am-\--Ime'' {]tbmKØns‚ XpS¿®-bmb D]-tbmKw

\nanØw 20:31 se {]kvXm-h-\-I-fpsS e£yw ÿntcm-’m-l-Øn-s‚bpw kphn-ti-jo-I-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw

D]-tZ-iw ÿm]n-°p-I-bm-sW∂p Nn¥n-°m≥ \ymbap-≠v. Cu A¿∞-Øn¬ tbml-∂m≥ bmt°m-

_n-s\-t∏mse Xs∂ Gjym-ssa-\-dnse Nne hn`m-K-°m-¿ ]usemkns‚ ssZh-im-kv{X-Øn\p \evIp∂

A[n-I-am-bp-ff Du∂-ens\ k¥p-e\w sNøpI-bm-bn-cn°mw (H. t\m. 2 ]s{Xm. 3:15- 16). BZna k`m-

]m-c-ºcyw ]usem-kn-s\-b√ tbml-∂ms\bmWv Fs -skm-kp-ambn _‘-s∏Sp-Øp-∂Xv F∂ Imcyw

A¤p-Xm-h-l-am-Wv (H. t\m. F- v.- F- v. {_qkv, ]o‰¿, Ão^≥, sPbnwkv B≥Uv tPm¨: ÃUokv

C≥ t\m - -s]m-sfbv≥ {InÃym-\n-‰n, t]Pv 120- 121).

D. D]-kw-lmcw (A-[ymbw 21) BZna k -bnse {]tXyI tNmZy-ßƒ°v DØcw ]d-bp-∂-Xmbn ImW-

s∏-Sp-∂p.

1. kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ß-fnse hnh-c-W-ßƒ°v tbml-∂m≥ A\p-_‘w \¬Ip-I-bm-Wv. F∂n-cp-

∂mepw Xm≥ {i≤ tI{μo-Icn°p-∂Xv sblq-Zy-bnse ip-{ip-jbv°v, {]tXy-In®v sbcp-i-teanse

ip{iq-j-bv°mWv

2. A\p-_-‘-Øn¬, AYhm 21- mw A[ym-b-Øn¬ aq∂p tNmZy-ßƒ°v DØcw \evIn-bn-cn-°p∂p:

a. ]s{Xmkns‚ bYm-ÿm-]\w

6

b. tbml-∂ms‚ Zo¿Lm-bp v

c. tbip-hns‚ Xma-kn-®p≈ aSßnhchv

E. aq∂mw A[ym-b-Øn-epw (kv\m-\w) Bdmw A[ym-b-Øn-epw (Xncp-h-Ømgw AYhm I¿Ør-tai) IqZm-

i-I-sf-°p-dn®v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v Ah-k-c-ap≠mbn-cp-∂n´pw a\-∏q¿Δw Ah-K-Wn-°p-Ibpw tcJ-

s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImt≠m As√-¶n¬ N¿®bv°v CSw-sIm-Sp-°m-Xn-cp-∂p-sImt≠m Ah-

bpsS {]m[m-\ysØ tbml-∂m≥ Ipd®p ImWn®p F∂p Nne¿ Nn¥n-°p∂p

tbml-∂ms‚ cq]-tc-J-bpsS khn-tij-X-Iƒ

A. Hcp XXz-im-kv{X-]-c-amb/ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Bap-Jhpw (1:1˛18) Hcp {]mtbm-Kn-I-amb D]-kw-lm-

chpw (A-[ymbw 21)

B. tbip-hns‚ ]cky ip{iq-j-bnse Ggv A¤p-X-I-c-amb AS-bm-f-ßfpw (A-[ym-b-ßƒ 2˛12) Ah-

bpsS hymJym-\-hpw

1. Im\m-hnse IeymWhncp-∂n¬ -sh≈w ho™m°n am‰p-∂Xv (2:1˛11)

2. I^¿∂-lq-anse cmP- r-Xys‚ aIs\ kuJy-am-°p-∂Xv (4:46- 54)

3. sbcq-i-te-anse t_sYkvZ Ipf-°-c-bn¬ InS∂ apS-¥s\ kuJy-am-°p∂Xv (5:1˛18)

4. Keo-e-bn¬ Aøm-bn-csØ t]mjn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (6:1˛15)

5. Keoem IS-en≥aosX \S-∂Xv (6:16- 21)

6. sbcqi-te-an¬ P∑\m Ipcp-S-\m-bn-cp∂ a\p-jys\ kuJy-am-°n-bXv (9:1)

7. t_Ym-\y-bn¬ emk-dns\ Dbn¿∏n-®Xv (11:1˛57)

C. hy‡n-I-fp-am-bp≈ A`n-ap-J-ßfpw kw`m-j-W-ßfpw

1. tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ (1:19- 34; 3:22- 36)

2. injy-∑m¿

a. As{¥-bmkpw ]s{Xmkpw (1:35- 42)

b. ^nen-s∏mkpw \Y-\-tbepw (1:43- 51)

3. \nt°m-tZ-samkv (3:1˛21)

4. iacymkv{Xo (4:1˛45)

5. sbcq-i-te-anse sblq-Z-∑m¿ (5:10- 47)

6. Keo-e-bnse P\-°q´w (6:22- 66)

7. ]s{Xmkpw injy-∑mcpw (6:67- 71)

8. tbip-hns‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ (7:1˛13)

9. sbcq-i-te-anse sblq-Z-∑m¿ (7:14- 8:59; 10:1˛42)

10. amfn-I-ap-dn-bnse injy-∑m¿ (13:1˛17:26)

11. sblq-Z-∑m-cm-ep≈ _‘\hpw hnkvXmchpw (18:1˛27)

12. tdma≥ hnkvXmcw (18: 28- 19:16)

13. ]p\-cp-∞m\-Øn-\p tij-ap≈ kw`m-j-W-ßƒ, 20:11- 29

a. adn-b-bp-ambn

b. ]Øv As∏m-kvXe-∑m-cp-ambn

c. tXma-kp-am-bn

14. ]s{Xmkp-am-bp≈ D]-kw-lmc kw`m-jWw, 21:1˛25

15. (7:53- 8:11 se hy`n-Nm-cn-Wn-bmb kv{XobpsS IY bYm¿∞-Øn¬ tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚

`mK-a-√m-bn-cp∂p)

D. {]tXyI Bcm-[\/D’h Zn\-ßƒ

1. i∫-Øp-Iƒ (5:9; 7:22; 9:14; 19:31)

2. s]kl (2:13; 6:4; 11:55; 18:28)

3. IqSmc s]cp-∂mƒ (A-[ym-b-ßƒ 8˛9)

4. l\p°m ({]-Xn-jvtTm-’-hw, Zo-]-ß-fpsS D’hw, H.-t\m. 10:22)

E. ""Rm≥ B-Ip∂p'' {]kvXm-h-\-I-fpsS D]-tbmKw

1. ""Rm≥ Xt∂'' (4:26; 6:20; 8:24,28,54˛59; 13:19; 18:5˛6, 8)

2. ""Rm≥ Pohs‚ A∏w B-Ip∂p'' (6:35,41,48,51)

3. ""Rm≥ temI-Øns‚ shfn-®w BIp∂p'' (8:12; 9:5)

4. ""BSp-I-fpsS hmXn¬ Rm≥ BIp∂p'' (10:7,9)

5. ""Rm≥ \√ CS-b≥ BIp∂p'' (10:11,14)

6. ""Rm≥ Xt∂ ]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw Poh-\pw BIp∂p'' (11:25)

7

7. ""Rm≥ Xt∂ hgnbpw kXyhpw Poh-\pw BIp∂p'' (14:6)

8. ""Rm≥ km£m¬ ap¥n-cn-h-≈n -BIp∂p'' (15:1,5)

{]mY-anI hmb\ (t]Pv v ImWp-I)

CXv Hcp ]T-\- am¿K-Z¿iI hymJym\ {KŸ-am-Wv, CXn-\¿∞w \nß-fpsS thZ-]p-kvXI hymJym-\-

Øn\v \nßƒ Xs∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn-I-fmWv F∂m-Wv. \mw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw \ap°p e`n®n-cn-°p∂ shfn-®-Øn¬

\S-°-Ww. hymJym-\-Ønse ap≥K-W\m {Iaw \nß-fpw, thZ-]p-kvX-Ihpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hp-am-Wv. CXv Hcp

hymJym-Xm-hn\pw hn´p-sIm-Sp-°-cp-Xv. thZ-]p-kvXIw apgp-h-\mbn H‰-bn-cp∏n¬ hmbn-°pI. apgp-h≥ {KŸ-

Øn-s‚bpw tI{μ-Nn-¥m-hn-jbw \nß-fpsS kz¥w hm°p-I-fn¬ hni-Zo-Icn°p-I.

1. apgp {KŸ-Øns‚bpw hn-jbw

2. km-lnXy cq]w

c≠mw hmb\ (t]Pv v ImWp-I)



\S-°-Ww. hymJym-\-Ønse ap≥K-W\m {Iaw \nß-fpw, thZ-]p-kvX-Ihpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hp-am-Wv. CXv Hcp

hymJym-Xm-hn\pw hn´p-sIm-Sp-°-cp-Xv. thZ-]p-kvXIw apgp-h-\mbn c≠mw Xh-Wbpw H‰-bn-cp∏n¬ hmbn-°p-

I. {][m\ hnj-b-ßƒ°v cq]-tcJ Xøm-dm-°p-Ibpw hnjbw H‰ hmN-I-Øn¬ hnhcn°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.

1. H∂m-asØ kmln-Xy-kaql-Øns‚ hnjbw

2. c≠m-asØ kmlnXykaql-Øns‚ hnjbw

3. aq∂m-asØ kmlnXykaql-Øns‚ hnjbw

4. \mem-asØ kmlnXykaql-Øns‚ hnjbw

5. BZn-bm-bh

8

hN\w PU-ambn \nXy-h-N\w BapJw Pohs‚ hN\w BapJw

1:1˛5 1:1- 5 1:1˛5 1:1˛5 1:1˛18

tbml-∂ms‚km£yw:kXy

shfn®w

1:6˛13 1:6˛13 1:6˛9 1:6˛9

1:10- 13 1:10- 13

hN\w PU-ambn

1:14- 18 1:14- 18 1:14- 18 1:14

1:15

1:16- 18

-tbm-l∂m≥ acp-`q-an-bnse tbml-∂ms‚ -tbm-l∂m≥ tbml-∂ms‚

kv\m]-Is‚ i_vZw km£yw kv\m]-Is‚ km£yw

1:19-˛28 1:19-˛28 1:19-˛23 1:19 1:19-˛28

1:20

1:21 a1:21 b1:21 c1:22 a1:22 b1:23

1:24-˛28 1:24-˛25

1:26-˛27

1:28

ssZh-Øns‚ ssZh-Øns‚ ssZh-Øns‚

Ip™mSv Ip™mSv Ip™mSv

1:29-˛34 1:29-˛34 1:29-˛34 1:29-˛31 1:29-˛34

1:32˛-34

BZy-in-jy-∑m¿ BZy-in-jy-∑m¿ tbip-hns‚ BZy tbip-hns‚ BZy

injy-∑m-cpsS BZy-in-jy-∑m¿ injy∑m¿

km£yw

1:35-- ˛42 1:35-˛42 1:35-˛42 1:35-˛36 1:35-˛39

1:37-˛38a1:38b1:39

1:40-˛42a1:42b

^nens∏m-kn-s‚bpw ^nen-s∏mkpw tbip- ^n-en-t∏m-\Y-\-tb-en-s‚bpw \Y-\-tbepw kn-s\bpwhnfn \Y-\-tb-en-t\bpw

hnfn-°p∂p

1:43-˛51 1:43-˛51 1:43-˛51 1:43-˛45 1:43-˛51

1:46a1:46 b1:47

1:48a1:48b1:49

1:50-˛51

tbml-∂m≥ 1B[p-\nI ]cn- m-j-I-fpsS JWvUnI hn -P\w*

bp.-_n.-Fkv 4 F≥.-sI.-sP.-hn. F≥.B¿.-F-kv.hn. ‰n. C. hn. F≥. sP. _n

9

aq∂mw hmb\ (t]Pv v ImWp-I)

JWvUn-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ bYm¿∞ Fgp-Øp-Imcs‚ Dt±iyw ]n¥p-S-cpI



\S-°-Ww. hymJym-\-Ønse ap≥K-W\m {Iaw \nß-fpw thZ-]p-kvX-Ihpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hp-am-Wv. CXv Hcp

hymJym-Xm-hn\pw hn´p-sIm-Sp-°-cp-Xv.

H‰-bn-cp-∏n¬ A[ymbw hmbn-°pI. hnj-b-ßƒ a\- n-em°p-I. \nß-fpsS hnjb hn -P-\-ßƒ A©v

B[p-\nI ]cn-`m-j-I-fp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I. JWvUnI hn`-P\w ssZh-\n-izm-koba-√, ]ns∂tbm

bYm¿∞ teJ-Is‚ Dt±iyw {Kln°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Xmt°m-em-Wv, AXmWv hymJym-\-Øns‚ ImX¬. Hmtcm

JWvUn-Ibv°pw Htc-sbmcp hnjbw am{X-am-Wp-≈-Xv.

1. H∂m-asØ JWvUnI

2. c≠m-asØ JWvUnI

3. aq∂m-asØ JWvUnI

4. BZnbmbh

hm. 1˛18 s‚ ]›m-Øe Dƒ°m-gvN-IƒA. IhnX/Io¿Ø\w/hnizmk {]am-W-Øns‚ ssZh-imkv{X cq]-tcJ

1. \nXyw, ssZhnIw, {kjvSm-hv, hos≠-Sp-∏p-Imc-\mb {InkvXp, hm. 1˛5 (tbip hN-\-am-bn)

2. {InkvXp-hns\∏‰n-bp≈ {]mh-N-\nI km£yw, hm. 6˛9, 15 (tbip shfn-®-am-bn)

3. PU-sa-SpØ {InkvXp ssZhsØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p, hm. 10- 18 (tbip ]p{X-\m-bn)

B. hm. 1- 18 s‚ ssZh-im-kv{X- L-S-\bpw Bh¿Øn-°p∂ hn-j-b-ßfpw

1. tbip ]nXm-hmb ssZh-tØm-sSm∏w ]q¿Δm-kvXnIyw D≈h-\m-bn-cp∂p (1a)2. tbip ]nXm-hmb ssZh-hp-ambn ASpØ Iq´m-bva-bn-em-bn-cp∂p (1a, 2, 18c)3. tbip ]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øns‚ AtX kmcmwiw ]¶n-Sp∂p (1c, 18b)4. ]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øns‚ hos≠-Sp∏n-s‚bpw ZsØ-Sp-°-ens‚bpw D]m[n (12- 13)

5. PU-[m-cWw, ssZhXzw Hcp a\p-jy-\mbn (9, 14)

6. shfn-∏m-Sv, ssZhXzsØ ]q¿Æ-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw {Kln-∏n°pIbpw sNbvXp (18d)

C. temtKm-kns‚ (h-N-\w) F{_m-b, {Ko°v ]›m-Ø-ew

1. F{_mb ]›m-Øew

a. D®cn-°-s∏´ hN-\-Øns‚ i‡n (sb-i-. 55:11; k¶o. 33:6; 107:20; 147:15,18) krjvSn-∏nepw (D-ev].

1:3,6,9,11,14,20,24,26,29) tKm{X-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS A\p-{K-l-Ønepw (D-ev]. 27:1 apX¬; 49:1) F∂

\ne-bn¬

b. kZrihm-Iy-ßƒ 8:12- 33 ""⁄m\''sØ ssZh-Øns‚ BZy krjvSn-bmbpw kIe krjvSnbpsS

bpw am[y-a-ambpw {]kvXm-hn®v AXn\v BfXzw Iev]n-°p∂p (H.- t\m. k-¶o. 33:6; AImt\m-

\n-I- {KŸ-amb item-tams‚ ⁄m\w 9:9)

c. X¿Kpw (Acmay ]cn- m-j-I-fpw hymJym\hpw) temtKmkv F∂-Xn\p ]Icw ""ssZh-h-N\w''F∂

]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. a\p-jycq]m-tcm-]W {]tbm-K-ß-tfm-Sp≈ Ah-cpsS Xmev]-cy-an-√mbva

\nan-Ø-am-Wn-Xv

* ssZh-\n-izm-kob-a-s√-¶nepw JWvUn-I-hn- -P-\-ßƒ Fgp-Øp-Imcs‚ Dt±iyw a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\pw A\p-h¿Øn-

°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ Xmt°m-emWv. Hmtcm B[p-\nI ]cn- m-j-bpw JWvUn-I Xncn®v hnjb kw{Klw \S-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Hmtcm JWvUn-Ibv°pw Hcp tI{μ hnj-bw, kXyw AYhm Nn¥-bp-≠v. Hmtcm ]cn- m-jbpw B hnjbsØ X\-Xmb

coXn-bn¬ FSpØp ImWn-°p-∂p. \nßƒ B hN\w hmbn-°p-tºmƒ GXp ]cn- m-j-bmWv \nß-fpsS hnj-b-{Km-ly-

Øn\pw hmIy-hn- -P-\-Øn\pw bp‡-am-b-sX∂v \nß-tfmSp Xs∂ tNmZn-°p-I.

Hmtcm A≤ym-b-Ønepw BZy-ambn \mw thZ-]p-kvXIw hmbn-°p-Ibpw hnj-b-ßƒ (J-WvUn-I-Iƒ) Xncn-®-dn-bp-hm≥

{ian-°p-Ibpw thWw. AXn\ptijw \ΩpsS Adn-hns\ \ho\ hnh¿Ø-\-ß-fp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøpI. bYm¿∞

teJ-Is‚ bp‡nbpw {]I-S-\hpw a\- n-em-°n-s°m≠v Xs‚ Dt±-iysØ a\- n-em-°p-tºmƒ am{X-amWv \ap°v thZ-]p-

kvXIw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. aqe-Ir-Xn-bpsS Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ am{X-amWv ssZh-\n-izm-kob Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥. hmb-

\-°m¿°v ktμiw am‰p-hmt\m \ho-Icn-°p-hmt\m Ah-Im-i-an-√. ssZh-\n-izm-kob-amb kXyw Xß-fpsS Ime-L- Ønepw

Pohn-X-Ønepw {]mh¿Øn-I-am-t°-≠Xv thZ-]p-kvXIw hmbn-°p∂hcpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-am-Wv.

F√m kmt¶-XnI ]Z-{]-tbm-K-ßfpw Npcp-°-cq-]-ß-fpw, H∂pw c≠pw aq∂pw A\p-_-‘-ß-fn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambn hni-Zo-I-cn-®n- p-≠v.

10

2. {Ko°v ]›m-Øew

a. slcm-¢n-‰kv ˛ temIw Aÿn-cm-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Bf-Xz-c-lnX ssZhXzhpw am‰-an-√m-Ø-

temtKmkpw AXns\ Hcp-an-®p- \n¿ØpIbpw cq]m-¥c {]{In-bbv°v hgn-Im- p-Ibpw sNbvXp

b. tπt‰m ˛ Bf-Xz-c-ln-Xhpw am‰-an-√m-Ø-Xp-amb temtKmkv {Kl-ßsf Ne\ Zni-bn-¬ \n¿Øp

Ibpw Ime-ßsf \n›bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp

c. tÃmbn°pIƒ ˛ temtKmkv BWv ""temI--Im-c-Ww'' AYhm \nb-{¥n-Xmhv, F∂m¬ AXv A¿

≤˛B-f-Ø-am-bn-cp∂p

d. ^ntem ˛ At±lw temtKmkv F∂ Bi-bsØ ""a\p-jym-flm-hns\ ssZh-ap-ºmsI \n¿Øp∂

alm-]p-tcm-ln-X≥'' AYhm ""ssZh-Øn\pw a\p-jy\pw XΩn-ep-≈ ]mew'' As√¶n¬ ""temI-

Øns‚ I∏n-Øm≥ kI-esØbpw \nb-{¥n-°m-\p-]-tbmKn°p∂ Np°m≥'' (tIm-kvtam-{Imt‰m¿)

F∂n-ßs\ a\p-jycq]mtcm-]Ww sNbvXp.

D. F. Un. c≠mw \q‰m-≠nse hnI-knX Kvt\mÃn-°p-IfpsS ssZh-im-kv{X/XXz-im-kv{X- kwhn-[m-\-

ß-fpsS LS-I-ßƒ

1. hkvXphpw Bflmhpw XΩn¬ PohXØz]c-amb (\n-Xy-amb) ]c-kv]chncp≤amb Zzμz- m-h-ap-≠v

2. hkvXp Xn∑bpw hg-ßm-Ø-Xp-am-Wv. Bflmhv \√-Xm-Wv

3. D∂-X\pw \√-h-\p-amb Hcp ssZh-Øns‚bpw hkvXp-hns\ cq]s∏SpØp-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ Hcp Xmgv∂

ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw a[y-Øn¬ ZqX-∑m-cpsS Xe-ß-fpsS Hcp t{iWnsb (F-bn-tbm¨) Kvt\mÃnIv

hnizmkw AWn\nc-Øp-∂p. Cu Xmgv∂ ssZhw ]gb\nb-a-Ønse btlm-h-bm-sW∂v (am¿kn-b-

s\-t∏m-se) Nne¿ {]Jym-]n-°p-I-t]mepw sNbvXn- p-≠v.

4. c£ h∂Xv

a. ssZh-tØmSv XmZm-fly-s∏-Sp∂Xn-\p≈ Ah-cpsS ]mX-bn¬ XS- -ambn \nev°p∂ Cu ZqX-∑m-

cpsS aWvU-e-ßsf adn-I-S-°p-hm≥ Hcp hy‡nsb A\p-h-Zn-°p∂ cl-ky-⁄m-\tam {]thi-

\-a-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ clkyhm°p-I-fpsS D®m-c-Wtam apJm-¥cw

b. cl-ky-⁄m\w e`n-°p-∂-Xp-hsc t_m[-hm-∑m-c-√m-ØXpw F∂m¬ F√m a\p-jy-cn-ep-ap-≈Xp-

amb Hcp ssZhnI kv penwKw

c. Cu cl-ky-⁄m\w a\p-jy¿°v \¬Ip∂ shfn-∏m-Sns‚ Hcp {]tXyI BfXz {]Xn-\n[n

({In-kvXphns‚ Bflm-hv)

5. Cu Nn¥m-[mc tbip-hns‚ ssZh-XzsØ AwKo-I-cn®p F¶nepw Ahs‚ bYm¿∞hpw \nXy-hp-

amb PU-[m-cW-sØ-bpw hos≠-Sp-∏n≥ ]-≤-Xn-bpsS tI{μ- ÿm\-sØbpw \ntj-[n-®p

E. Ncn{X ]›m-Øew

1. temtKmkv F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ D]-tbm-K-Øn-eqsS {Ko°v, F{_mb a\- p-I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-

\p≈ {ia-amWv 1˛18 hmIy-ßƒ

2. Kvt\mÃn-knkw F∂ Zpcp-]-tZ-i-amWv tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ \∂mbn cq]-I-ev]\

sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ Cu Bap-J-Øns‚ ]›m-Øew. 1 tbml-∂m≥ Hcp]t£ Cu kphn-ti-j-sØ

]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Ipdn-∏m-bn-cn°mw. ""Kvt\mÃn-knkw'' F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ssZh-imkv{X Nn¥

c≠mw \q‰m-≠p-h-sc-bp≈ Fgp-Øp-I-fn-¬ am{Xta ImWs∏- n-cp∂p≈p. F∂m¬ Bcw` L -Øn-

ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Kvt\mÃnknkØns‚ Nn¥m-iIeßƒ Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-I-fnepw ^ntem-bpsS

cN-\-I-fnepw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.

3. kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ßƒ ({]-tXy-In®v a¿s°mkv) tbip-hns‚ ssZh-Xz-sØ (a-in-lm kw_‘

cl-kyw) Im¬hdn Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc aqSnsh-bv°p∂p. F∂m¬ hf-sc-°m-e-Øn-\p-tijw cNn-°-

s∏´ tbml-∂m≥ hfsc Kuc-h-amb hn-j-b-ß-fmb tbip-hns‚ ]q¿Æ ssZh-Xzw, ]q¿Æ a\p-

jyXzw F∂n-hsb (a-\p-jy-]p-{X≥, H.-t\m. sbsl. 2:1; Zm\o. 7:13) H∂mw A[ym-b-Øn¬ Xs∂

hnI-kn-∏n--°p-∂p

F. {]tXyI Nn¥m-hn-jbw ImWpI: tbml-∂m≥ 1˛s\ 1 tbml-∂m≥ 1:1˛ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p.

]Z, ssien- ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 1:1˛51BZn-bn¬ hN\w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p, hN\w ssZh-tØm-Sp-IqsS Bbn-cp-∂p. hN\w ssZhw Bbn-

cp-∂p. 2Ah≥ BZn-bn¬ ssZh-tØmSpIqsS Bbn-cp-∂p. 3kI-ehpw Ah≥ apJm-¥cw Df-hm-bn.

Df-hm-bXp H∂pw Ahs\ IqSmsX Df-hm-b-X-√. 4Ah-\n¬ Poh≥ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p; Poh≥ a\p-jy-

cpsS shfn-®-am-bn-cp-∂p. 5shfn®w Ccp-fn¬ {]Im-in-°p-∂p; Ccptfm AXns\ ]nSn-®-S-°n-bn-√.

11

1:1 ""BZn-bn¬'' CXv Dev]Øn 1:1 s\ {]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p-Ibpw PU-[m-cW-Øns‚ kqN-\-bmbn 1 tbml-

∂m≥ 1:1˛¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. 1 tbml-∂m≥ Cu kphn-ti-j-sØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

Ipdn-∏m-bn-cn°mw. c≠pw Kvt\mÃn-knksØ ssIImcyw sNøp-∂p. hm. 1˛5 krjvSn-°p-ap-tº-bp≈ tbip-

{In-kvXp-hns‚ ssZhnI BkvXn-IyØns‚ ÿnco-I-c-W-amWv (H. t\m. 1:15; 8:56- 59; 16:28; 17:5; 2 sImcn-. 8˛9;

^nen-. -2:6- 7; sImsem. 1:17; F{_m. 1:3; 10:5- 8).

]pXnb \nbaw hnh-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv C{]-Im-c-amWv

1. hogvNbm¬ If¶s∏-SmØ Hcp ]pXnb krjvSn (A-Xm-bXv Dev]Øn 3:15 a\p-jy-h¿§-Øn-\mbn

\nh¿Øn-°-s∏-´p)

2. Hcp ]pXnb Iog-S-°¬ (hm-KvZØ `qan)

3. Hcp ]pXnb ]pd-∏mSv (\n-h¿Øn-bm°-s∏´ {]h-N-\w)

4. Hcp ]pXnb tamsi (\n-b-a- Zm-b-I≥)

5. Hcp ]pXnb tbmiph (H. t\m. F-{_m. 4:8)

6. Hcp ]pXnb Pe A¤pXw (H. t\m. F-{_m. 3˛4)

7. ]pXnb a∂ (H. t\m. tbm-l-∂m≥ 6)

C\n-bp-a-[nIw F{_mb teJ-\-Øn¬ ImWmw.

{]tXyI ]T-\hn-jbw: B¿s° (archarcharcharcharch)""B[n-]Xyw'' F∂Xv ""XpS°w'' As√-¶n¬ H∂ns‚ ""D¤-hw'' F∂¿∞w hcp∂ B¿s° F∂

{Ko°v ]ZamWv

1. krjvSn-bpsS {Ia-Øns‚ Bcw`w (H.- t\m. tbm-l. 1:1; 1 tbml. 1:1; F{_m. 1:10)

2. kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Bcw`w (H. t\m. a¿s°m. 1:1; ^nen-. 4:15; 2 sX . 2:13; F{_m. 2:3)

3. H∂m-asØ ZrIvkm£nIƒ (H. t\m. eqs°mkv 1:2)

4. AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS Bcw`w (A-¤p-X-ßƒ, H. t\m. tbml. 2:11)

5. Bcw` XXz-ßƒ (H. t\m. F-{_m. 5:12)

6. kphn-tij kXy-ßsf ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp≈ Bcw- - Dd∏v (H. t\m. F-{_m. 3:14)

7. Bcw`w (H. t\m. sImsem-. 1:18; shfn-. 3:14)

CXv Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-cpsS ""`c-W-sØtbm'' ""A[n-Im-c-sØtbm'' kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- p

1. am\p-jnI `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ

a. eqs°mkv 12:11

b. eqs°mkv 20:20

c. tdma¿ 13:3; XosØmkv 3:1

2. ZqX hrμ-ßƒ

a. tdma¿ 8:38

b. 1 sImcn-. 15:24

c. Fs -. 1:21; 3:10; 6:12

d. sImsem. 1:16; 2:10,15

e. bqZm hm. 6

Cu Zpcp-]-tZ-i-°m¿ `uXnIhpw kz¿§o-b-hp-amb F√m A[n-Im-c-ß-sfbpw \nμn-°p-∂p. Ah¿

{]amW hncp-≤-cmb Zp¿am¿§n-I-fm-Wv. Ah¿ Xßƒ°pw Xß-fpsS B{K-l-ßƒ°pw ssZhw, ZqX-∑m¿,-

`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ, k`m t\Xm-°ƒ F∂n-hsc°mƒ {]Ya ÿm\w \¬Ip∂p.

� ""D≠m--bn-cp∂p'' (aq-∂p- {]mhiyw) CXp `qX-Im-eØnep≈ XpS¿am\ AkvXn-XzØn¬ tI{μoI-cn-°p∂

A]q¿Æ `qX-Im-e-amWv (H. t\m. hm-. 1, 2, 4, 10). temtKm-kns‚ ]q¿Δm-kvXnIysØ ImWn-°p-∂-Xn\p

th≠n-bmWv Cu Imew D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv (H. t\m. 8:57˛58; 17:5,24; 2 sImcn-. 8:9; sImsem. 1:17; F{_m.-

10:5-7). CXv 3,6,14 hmIy-ß-fnse kmam\y `qX-Ime-Øn\v hncp-≤-am-Wv.

� ""hN\w'' {Ko°v ]Zamb temtKmkv shdpw Hcp hm°n-s\-b-√, Hcp ktμ-i-sØ-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ {Ko°p-Im¿ ""temI-Im-c-WsØ'' kqNn-∏n-°p-hm\pw, F{_m-b¿ ""⁄m\''sØ kqNn-

∏n-°p-hm\pw Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®p. ssZh-h-N\w Hcp hy‡nbpw ktμ-i-hp-am-sW∂v {]Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-

th-≠n-bmWv tbml-∂m≥ Cu ]Zw sXc-s™-Sp-Ø-Xv. ]›m-Øe Dƒ°m-gvN-Iƒ kn ImWp-I.

� ""ssZh-tØm-Sp-IqsS'' ""IqsS'' F∂-Xns\ ""apJm-apJw'' F∂v ]cm-h¿Ø\w sNøm\m-hpw. CXv ASpØ

Iq´m-bvasb {]Z¿in-∏n-°p-∂p. CXv Hcp ssZhnI A¥-k-Øbpw aq∂v Bf-Xz-ß-fpsS \nXy-amb shfn-s∏-Sp-

Ø-en-te°v hnc¬Nq≠p∂XpamWv ({]-tXyI ]T\hnjbw: 14:26 se {XnXzw ImWpI). tbip ]nXm-hn¬

12

\n∂pw thdn- n-cn-°p-∂-h\pw F∂m¬ Ah-\p-ambn H∂m-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-\p-amWv F∂ sshcp-≤ym-flI Nn¥

]pXnb\nbaw {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p.

� ""hN\w ssZh-am-bn-cp∂p'' hm. 1a set∏mse Cu {Inb A]q¿Æ `qX-Im-e-am-Wv. sXtbmkv F∂ \ma-

Øn-s\m∏w ChnsS hnth-N-I-t`-ZIw C√ (I¿Øm-hns\ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv, F^v. F^v. {_qkv,

B≥tkgvkv Sp IzÃy≥kv, t]Pv 66). ]ns∂tbm Du∂¬ sImSp-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn {Ko°nse sXtbm-kv F∂

]Zw Xs∂ tN¿°p-∂p. Cu hmIyhpw 18˛mw hmIyhpw ]q¿Δm-kvXn-Iy-ap≈ temtKm-kns‚ ]q¿Æ ssZh-

XzsØ kw_-‘n-°p∂ i‡-amb {]kvXm-h-\-I-fm-Wv (H. t\m. 5:18; 8:58; 10:30; 14:9; 17:11; 20:28; tdma. 9:5;

F{_m. 1:8; 2 ]s{Xm. 1:1). tbip ]q¿Æ a\p-jy-\pw, ]q¿Æ ssZh-hp-am-Wv (H. t\m. 1 tbml. 4:1˛3).- Ah≥

]nXm-hmb ssZha√, F∂m¬ AtX ssZhnI kmcmw-iamWv.

]pXnb \nbaw \kdm-b-\mb tbip-hns‚ ]q¿Æ ssZh-XzsØ {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ Xt∂ ]nXm-

hns‚ hyXncn‡ BfXzsØ \ne-\n¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. tbml-∂m≥ 1:1; 5:18; 10:30, 34- 38; 14:9˛10; 20:28

hmIy-ß-fn¬ GI ssZhnI kmcmw-i-Øn\v Du∂¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. AtX-k-abw tbml-∂m≥ 1:2,

14,18; 5:19˛23; 8:28; 10:25,29; 14:11,12,13,16 hmIy-ß-fn¬ Ah-cpsS hyXn-cn-‡Xbv°v Du∂¬ sImSp-°pIbpw

sNbvXncn°p-∂p.

1:2 CXv hm. 1 \v kam-¥-c-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw _n. kn. 6˛5 ImeØv P\n® tbip Ft∏mgpw ]nXm-hn-t\mSpIqsS

Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Bb-Xn-\m¬ ssZh-am-sW-∂pap≈ sR´n-∏n-°p∂ kXysØ GI-ssZh hnizm-k-Øns‚

shfn-®-Øn¬ Du∂n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

1:3 ""kI-ehpw Ah≥ apJm-¥cw Df-hmbn'' Zriyhpw AZr-iy-hp-amb kI-e-Øn-s‚bpw krjvSn-∏n¬ ]nXm-

hns‚ {]Xn-\n[n temtKm-km-bn-cp-∂p (H. t\m. hm. 10; 1 sImcn-. 8:6; sImsem. 1:16; F{_m. 1:2). k¶o. 33:6

epw kZr-iy. 8:12-˛23 epw ⁄m\w hln-°p∂ ]¶n-t\mSp kaamWv CXv. (F-{_m-b-`m-j-bn¬ ⁄m\w

kv{Xoenw-K cq]-am-Wv).

� ""Df-hm-b-sXm∂pw Ahs\ IqSmsX Df-hm-b-X√'' D∂-X-\pw \√-h-\p-amb ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw ]q¿Δm-

kvXnIy hkvXp-hn\p cq]w \¬Inb Hcp Xmgv∂ Bflnb Pohn-bp-sSbpw a[y-Øn-ep≈ ZqX-∑mcmb Fb-

tbmWpIsf∏-‰n-bp≈ Kvt\mÃnIv Zpcp-]tZisØ JWvUn-°p-I-bmWnhn-sS (]-›m-Øe Dƒ°mgvN kn

ImWp-I)

1:4 ""Ah\n¬ Poh≥ D≠m-bn-cp∂p'' ""Poh≥'' hN-\-am-Ip∂ ]p{X-\n¬ \n∂p hcp∂p F∂-Xn\v Cu ]Z-

{]-tbmKw Du∂¬ sImSp-°p-∂p. ]p\-cp-∞m\ Poh≥, \nXyPoh≥, ssZh-Øns‚ Poh≥ F∂n-h-sb ]cm-

a¿in-°p-∂-Xn\mbn tbml-∂m≥ tkmbn (zoh) F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p (H. t\m. 1:4; 3:15,36; 4:14,36;

5:24,26,20,39,40; 6:27,33,35,40,47,48,51,53,54,63,65 BZnbm-bh). ""Pohs\'' kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ as‰mcp {Ko°p

]Zw _tbmkv (bioj) BWv. AXn-\¿∞w `uan-Ihpw Poh-im-kv{X-]-c-hp-amb Poh≥ F∂mWv (H. t\m. 1

tbml-. 2:16).

� ""Poh≥ a\p-jy-cpsS shfn-®am-bn-cp∂p'' ssZhnI kXy-Øn-\pw ⁄m\-Øn\pw tbml-∂m-≥ D-]-tbm-

Kn-°p∂ Hcp km[m-cW ZrjvSm-¥-am-Wv shfn®w (H. t\m. tbm-l. 3:19; 8:12; 9:5; 12:46). Poh≥ F√m a\p-

jy¿°pw th≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂p F∂Xp {i≤n-°pI (k-¶o. 36:5˛9, km[y-amb kqN\). Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-I-fn-

se km[m-c-W- Nn¥bm-bn-cp∂p shfn-®hpw Ccp-fpw. an°-t∏mgpw tbml-∂m≥ Xs‚ Nn¥-Isf Zzμz (hn-cp-

≤-am-b) ]Z-{]-tbm-K-ß-fnepw C\-ß-fnepw {]Z¿in-∏n-°p-∂p.

1:5 ""shfn®w ... {]Im-in-°p∂p'' CXv h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-am-Wv, AXn-\¿∞w XpS-cp∂ {]hrØn-sb∂m-Wv.

tbip Ft∏mgpw \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p, F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ Ah≥ hy‡ambn temI-Øn\p shfns∏- n-cn-°p∂p (H.-

t\m. 8:12; 9:5; 12:46). ]gb\nb-a-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ imco-cn-I-tam, am\p-jn-Itam Bb shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-

Isf btlm-h-bpsS ZqX-\p-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p (H. t\m. D-ev]. 16:7- 13; 22:11˛15; 31:11,13; 48:15 -16; ]pd.

3:2,4; 13:21; 14:19; \ymbm. 2:1; 6:22˛23; 13:3˛22; skJ. 3:1˛2). PU[mcWØn\p apºp-≈ temtKm-kv BWnsX∂v

Nne¿ ka¿∞n°p-∂p.

13

�

NASB ""Ccp- n\v AXns\ {Kln-∏m≥ Ign-™n√''

NRSV ""Ccp- n\v AXns\ AXn-Po-hn-°m≥ Ign-™n√''

TEV ""Ccp- v AXns\ Hcn-°epw sISpØnbn-√''

NJB ""Ccp- n\v AXns\ Iog-S-°m≥ Ign-™n√''

Cu ]ZØns‚ (Im-‰mew_mt\m-˛katalambanw) aqew ""{]Xn{Kln-°pI'' F∂m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v

CXn-\¿∞w H∂p-In¬ (1) Iog-S-°p-hm-\mbn {]Xn{Kln-°pI (H.-t\m. a-Øm. 16:18) As√-¶n¬, (2) {Kln°p-

hm-t\m a\- n-em-°p-hmt\m th≠n {]Xn{Kln-°pI F∂m-Imw. c≠pw \n¿t±-in-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmImw

tbml-∂m≥ Cu A\n-›n-Xm¿∞w D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Zzμz {]tbm-K-ßƒ tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-

Øns‚ {]tXy-I-X-bmWv (D-Zm. ""ho≠pw P\n-°pI'' AYhm ""apI-fn¬\n∂p P\n°pI'' 3:3; ""Im‰v'' AYhm

""Bflmhv'' 3:8).

Cu {Inb (Im-‰mew_mt\m˛katalambanw) tbml-∂ms‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ c≠p XhW am{Xta

hcp-∂p≈p (8:3,4 teXv aqe-Ir-Xn-bn-en√). 1:5 ¬ Ccp-ń\v a\- n-em-°m≥/AXn-Po-hn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√,

12:35 ¬ shfn-®sØ (tbip/kphn-ti-jw) Xnc-kvI-cn-°p∂ Ccp v ]cm-Pbs∏Spw. Xnc-kvI-cW-Øns‚ êw

Nn¥m-°p-g-∏-am-Wv, kzoI-c-W-Øns‚ êw Bcm-[-\-bm-Wv.

am≥s{Ûv ‰n. _mcq-°ns‚ A_yq-knwKv kv{In]vN¿ t]Pv 35, a\pjymh-ÿsb Nn{Xo-Icn°p-∂p.

1. \jvS-s∏- Ahÿ, eqs°mkv 15

2. A‘-Im-cw, tbml-∂m≥ 1:5

3. i{Xp-Xzw, tdma¿ 5:10

4. th¿]m-Sv, sFs -ky¿ 2:15˛17

5. A -‡n, tdma¿ 1:18

6. ssZh- Poh-\n¬ \n∂p≈ AI¬®, Fs -ky¿ 4:17- 18

7. am\h]m]-Øns‚ G‰hpw \√ kw{Klw tdma¿ 1:18- 3:23

{]tXyI ]T-\hn-jbw: btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ ssZhw a\p-jy-cq-]-Øn¬ Xs∂-Øs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p F∂p hy‡-

amWv ({XnXz-Øn¬ GXp hy‡n-bmWv Cu ZuXyw \n¿h-ln-°p-∂sX∂-Xm-Wv {XnXzhmZn-I-fpsS

tNmZyw. ]nXm-hmb ssZhhpw (b-tlm-h) Ahs‚ Bflmhpw ÿnc-ambn Ai-co-cn-I-fm-I-bm¬ Cu

a\pjycq-]-Øn-ep≈ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ PUmh-Xm-c-Øn\p apºp≈ ain-l-bm-sW∂v \n¿t±-in-°mhp-

∂-Xm-Wv.

ZqX-\n¬ \n∂pw ssZh{]Xy-£-Xsb th¿Xncn-®-dn-bp-hm-\p≈ {ia-Øn¬ Hcp-h≥ t\cn-Sp∂ _p≤n-

ap- p-Isf {]Z¿in-∏n-°p-hm≥ Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ ]ńI klm-bIam-Wv.

1. btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ ssZh-Zq-Xs\∂ \ne-bn¬

a. Dev]. 24:7,40

b. ]pd. 23:20- 23; 32:34

c. kwJym. 22:22

d. \ymbm-. 5:23

e. 2 iaq. 24:16

f. 2 Zn\. 21:15- 30

g. skJ. 1:12- -13

2. btlm-hbpsS Zq-X≥ Hcp ssZh{]Xy-£-X-bmbn

a. Dev]. 16:7- 13; 18:1- 19:1; 22:11˛15; 31:11,13; 48:15- 16

b. ]pd. 3:2,4; 14:19 (13:21)

c. \ymbm. 2:15; 6:22˛24; 13:3˛23

d. tlmti. 12:3- 4

e. skJ. 3:1˛5

14

tbml-∂m≥ 1:6˛86ssZh-w Ab®n´p Hcp a\p-jy≥ h∂p; Ah∂p tbml-∂m≥ F∂p t]¿. 7Xm≥ km£y-Øn-

∂mbn F√m-hcpw hniz-kn-t°-≠-Xn∂p shfn-®-sØ-°p-dn®p km£yw ]d-hm≥ Xt∂ h∂p. 8Ah≥

shfn-®-am-bn-cp-∂n√; F∂m¬ shfn-®-Øn∂p km£yw ]dtb≠p-∂h-\-t{X.

1:6˛8 Cu hmIy-ßfpw 15- mw hmIyhpw (C-Sbv°ptN¿Ø ]q¿Δ Zriyw) tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ tbml-∂m≥

kv\m]-Is‚ km£y-sØ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Ah≥ Ah-km\sØ ]g-b-\n-b-a {]hm-N-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu

hmIy-ßƒ Imhy-cq-]-Øn-em-°pI {]bm-k-I-c-am-Wv. BapJw Ihn-X-bmtWm KZy-amtWm F∂-Xns\s®m√n

]WvUn-X-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ hf-sc-b-[nIw X¿°-ap-≠v.

tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I-≥ (Xs‚ ktμ-i-Øns‚bpw ImgvN-∏m-Sn-s‚bpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬) Ah-km\sØ

]gb\nba {]hm-N-I≥ Bbn-cp∂p. aemJn 3:1˛epw 4:5˛epw {]h-Nn-°-s∏´ apt∂mSn Xm\m-bn-cp-∂p (H.-t\m.

tbml. 1:20- 25). tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I-s\ Np‰n-∏‰n BZy-Im-eØp cq]-s∏´ sX‰n-≤m-cW \nanØw As∏m-

kvX-e-\mb tbml-∂m≥ Xs∂ Fgp-Xn-t®¿ØXmWv hm. 6- 8 (H.- t\m. eq-s°m. 3:15; {]hr. 18:25; 19:3). a‰p

kphn-ti-j- cN-bn-Xm-°ƒ°p hf-sc-°m-e-Øn-\p-tijw Fgp-Xnb tbml-∂m≥ Cu {]iv\-Øns‚ hf¿®

I≠h\m-Wv.

tbml-∂ms\ ]q¿Øn-I-cn-°-s∏´ Ime-Ønepw (Ime-k-ºq¿Æ-X-bn¬ shfn-s∏´) kºq¿Æ-{In-b-bnepw

(\o≠p\nev°p∂ ^e-tØm-Sp-IqSn Hcp Ncn{X kw`hw) hnh-cn-°p-tºmƒ {InkvXphns\ A]q¿Æ-amb

Ime-Ønepw (]q¿Δm-kvXnIyw) {Inb-bnepw hnh-cn-®ncn-°p∂p F∂Xp {i≤n-°p-∂Xp ck-I-c-amWv (H.-t\m.

hm. 6). tbip Ft∏mgpw \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂p.

1:7 ""Xm≥ apJm-¥cw F√m-hcpw hniz-kn-t°-≠-Xn\v'' AXv e£y-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp \n_-‘-\-bm-Wv.

a‰p kphn-ti-j-ß-sf-t∏mse (Hcp AXp-ey -{In-kvXob kmlnXycq]w) tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijhpw kphn-

tij eLp-te-J-bmWv. temI-Øns‚ shfn-®-amb {InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh¿°pap≈ A¤p-X-I-c-

amb c£-bpsS hmKvZm-\-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. hm. 12; tbml-. 3:16; 4:42; 20:31; 1 Xnsam-. 2:4; XosØm. 2:11; 2

]s{Xm. 3:9; 1 tbml. 2:1; 4:14).

1:7,12 ""hniz-kn-°p∂'' Cu {Inb tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ 78 {]mh-iyhpw tbml-∂ms‚ teJ-\-

ß-fn¬ 24 {]mh-iyhpw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw Hcn-°epw {Inb-b-√msX \ma-cq]w

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂n√ F∂p-≈Xv ckm-h-l-am-Wv. hnizm-k-sa-∂Xv {]mY-an-I-ambn _u≤n-Itam sshIm-cn-Itam

Bb {]Xn-I-c-W-a-√, ]ns∂tbm, ASn-ÿm-\-]-cambn a\x-]q¿Δ-amb Hcp {]Xn-I-c-W-am-Wv. Cu {Ko°v

]ZsØ aq∂v Cw•ojv ]Z-ß-fmbn X¿÷a sNbvXncn-°p-∂p: hniz-kn-°pI, B{ibn°p-I, hnizm-ka¿∏n-

°p-I. CXv ""Ahs\ ssIs°m-≈pI'' (H.-t\m. hm. 11, 12) F∂-Xn\p kam-¥-c-am-Wv. c£-sb-∂Xv ssZh-

Øns‚ Ir]-bmepw {InkvXp-hns‚ ]q¿ØoI-cn-°-s∏´ {]hrØnbmepw kuP-\y-am-Wv, F¶nepw AXv

ssIs°m-t≈-Ww. Ah-Im-ißtfmSpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ß-tfmSpw IqSnb Hcp DS-ºSn _‘-amWv c£.

{]tXyI ]T\hn-jbw: hnizmkw, hniz-kn-°pI,AYhm B{ibw(]nÃnk v (pistij, \m-aw) ]nsÃbpthm (pisteuo, {In-b) ]ntÃmkv (pistoj, \m-a-hn-ti-j-

Ww)

A. CXv thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse hfsc {][m-\-s∏´ Hcp ]Z-am-Wv (H.-t\m. F-{_m. 11:16). CXv tbip-

hns‚ BZy-Ime {]kw-K hnj-b-am-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 1:15). DS-º-Sn-bpsS Ipd-™Xv

c≠v ]pXnb hyh-ÿ-I-fp-≠v: am\-km-¥chpw hnizm-khpw (H.-t\m. 1:15; {]hr. 3:16,19; 20:21).

B. ]tZm-Xv]Øn

1. ""hnizmkw'' F∂ ]Z-Øn\v ]gb\nb-a-Øn¬ Iqdv, hniz-kvX-X, AYhm hnizmkyX Fs∂m-

s°-bm-W¿∞w. AXv \ΩpsSb√ ssZh-Øns‚ kz`mh-Øns‚ hni-Zo-I-cam-Wv.

2. ""Dd∏mbn-cn-°pI AYhm ÿnc-am-bn-cn-°pI'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ Hcp F{_mb]Z-Øn¬\n∂mWn-

Xp-≠m-bXv (F-ap≥, Fap-\mlv). c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw a\ ns‚ kΩXw (kXy-ßƒ),

[m¿ΩnI PohnXw (Hcp PohnXssien), AtXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ {]mY-anIambn Hcp _‘hpw

(Hcp hy‡nsb ssIs°m-≈p-∂-Xv) B hy-‡n-I-tfm-Sp-≈ a\∏q¿Δ-amb ka¿∏-W-hp-am-Wv

(Hcp Xocp-am-\w).

C. ]gb\nba D]-tbmKw

A{_-lm-ans‚ hnizmkw Hcp `mhn-Ime ain-lm-bn-em-bn-cp-∂n-√, ]ns∂tbm X\n°v Hcp k¥-

15

Xnbpw ]n≥Km-an-Ifpw D≠m-Ip-sa∂p≈ ssZh-Øns‚ hmKvZ-ØØnembn-cp-∂p-sh∂p≈Xv Du∂n-

∏-d-tb-≠-XmWv (H. t\m. D-ev]Øn 12:2; 15:2˛5; 17:4˛8; 18:14). ssZh-Øn¬ B{i-bn®psIm≠v

A{_lmw Cu hmKvZ-Ø-tØmSv {]Xn-I-cn-®p. \nh¿Øn°p-hm≥ ]Xn-aq∂v h¿j-ß-sf-SpØ

Cu hmKvZ-Ø-sØ-°p-dn®v X\n°v At∏mgpw kwi-b-ßfpw {]iv\-ßfpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n-

cp-∂mepw Xs‚ A]q¿Æ-amb hnizmkw ssZh-Øm¬ AwKo-Icn-°s∏´p. ISp-Ip-a-Wn-tbm-fta

D≈p-sh-¶nepw Xt∂mSpw Xs‚ hmKvZ-Ø-ß-tfmSpw hnizm-kØm¬ {]Xn-I-cn-°p∂ Zp¿_-e-

cmb a\p-jy-tcm-sSmØv {]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ ssZhw k∂-≤-\m-Wv. (H. t\m. a-Øm. 17:20).

D. ]pXnb\nba D]-tbmKw

""hniz-kn®p'' F∂ ]Z-ap-≠m-bXv ""hniz-kn-°pI'' ""hnizm-kw'' AYhm ""B{ibw'' F∂n-ßs\

X¿÷a sNømhp∂ {Ko°v ]Z-Øn¬ \n∂mWv (]n-sÃ-bpthm). DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v tbml-∂ms‚

kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ \maw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-√, {Inb IqsS-°qsS D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p≠v.

tbml-∂m≥ 2:23-˛25¬ ain-lm-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ \kdm-b-\mb tbip-hnt\mSp-≈ P\-Øns‚

ka¿∏WØns‚ Bflm¿∞-X-sb-∏‰n A\n-›n-XXzw ImWp-∂p-≠v. ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂

]Z-Øns‚ D]-cn-π-h-amb CXc D]-tbmKw tbml-. 8:31˛59; {]hr. 8:13, 18- 24 F∂o `mK-ß-fn-em-

Wv. icn-bmb thZ-]p-kvXI hnizmkw {]mcw` {]Xn-I-c-W-Øn-epw A∏pdam-Wv. AXns\ XpS¿∂v

injyXzw F∂ {]{In-b- D≠m-IWw (H. t\m. aØm. 13:20˛22, 31˛32).

E. "KXn-'tbm-sSm∏w CXns‚ D]-tbmKw

1. Fbnkv A¿∞w ""AXn-te°v.'' Cu AXp-ey-amb LS\, hnizm-kn-I-ƒ tbip-hn¬ hnizm-

kw/B{ibw A¿∏n-°p∂-Xns\ Du∂n∏d-bp-∂p.

a. Ahs‚ \ma-Øn¬ (tbm-l-. 1:12; 2:23; 3:18; 1 tbml-. 5:13)

b. Ah-\n¬ (tbm-l. 2:11; 3:15,18; 4:39; 6:40; 7:5,31,39,48; 8:30; 9:36; 10:42; 11:45,48; 17:37,42; aØm.

18:6; {]hr. 10:43; ^nen-. 1:29; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:8)

c. F∂n¬ (tbm-l. 6:35; 7:38; 11:25,26; 12:44,46; 14:1,12; 16:9; 17:20)

d. ]p{X-\n¬ (tbm-l. 3:36; 9:35; 1 tbml. 5:10)

e. tbip-hn¬ (tbm-l-. 12:11; {]hr. 19:4; Kem-. 2:16)

f. shfn-®-Øn¬ (tbm-l. 12:36)

g. ssZh-Øn¬ (tbm-l. 14:1)

2. F≥ A¿∞w ""¬'' tbml. 3:15; a¿s°m. 1:5; {]hr. 5:14 set∏mse

3. F]n A¿∞w ""C¬'' aØm. 27:42; {]hr. 9:42; 11:17; 16:31; 22:19; tdma. 4:5,24; 9:33; 10:11; 1

Xnsam. 1:16; 1 ]s{Xm. 2:6 F∂o hmIy-ß-fn-te-Xp-t]mse ˛ "D≈n¬' AYhm "apI-fn¬'

F∂¿∞w.

4. Kem-. 3:6; {]hr. 18:8; 27:25; 1 tbml. 3:23; 5:10 XpS-ßnb hmIy-ß-fn-te-Xp-t]mse KXnsb

IqSm-sX-bp≈ I¿Ω ]Z-Øns‚ hn -‡n.

5. tlm´n, A¿∞w ""AXp hniz-kn-°pI.'' F¥p hniz-kn-°Ww F∂p kqNn-∏n-°p∂p

a. tbip ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-≤-\mWv (tbm-l-∂m≥ 6:69)

b. tbip Rm\m-Ip-∂-h≥ (tbm-l-∂m≥ 8:24)

c. tbip ]nXm-hnepw ]nXmhv tbip-hnepw BIp∂p (tbm-l-∂m≥ 10:38)

d. tbip-hmWv ainlm (tbm-l-∂m≥ 11:27; 20:31)

e. tbip ssZh-Øns‚ ]p{X\mWv (tbm-l-∂m≥ 11:27; 20:31)

f. tbip ]nXm-hn-\m¬ Ab-°-s∏- -h-\m-bn-cp∂p (tbm-l-∂m≥ 11:42; 17:8,21)

g. tbip ]nXm-hp-ambn H∂m-bn-cn-°p-∂p (tbm-l-∂m≥ 14:10˛11)

h. tbip ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂pw h∂p (tbm-l-∂m≥ 16:27,30)

i. ""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' F∂ ]nXm-hns‚ DS-º-Sn-bpsS \ma-tØmSv tbip Xs∂-Øs∂ XmZm-

fly-s∏-SpØp∂p (tbm-l-∂m≥ 8:24; 13:19)

j. \mw Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS Pohn°pw (tdm-a¿ 6:8)

k. tbip acn-°p-Ibpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°p-Ibpw sNbvXp (1 sX -sem-\oIy¿ 4:14)

1:8 tbip-hns\ tIƒ°p-Itbm kzoIcn-°tbm sNømØ tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-Is‚ injy-∑m-cpsS at[y

hf¿∂p h∂ {]iv\sØ a‰p kphn-tijI∑m¿°v hf-sc-°m-eßƒ°p tijw FgpXm\m-cw- n® As∏mkvX-

e-\mb tbml-∂m≥ Xncn-®-dn-™n-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-X-bp≠v (H. t\m. {]hr. 18:25˛19:7).

16

{]tXyI ]T\-hn-jbw: tbip-hn\p km£yw ]-d-bp-∂-h¿\ma-hpw ( -am¿´q-dn-b, marturia) AXns‚ {Inbm-cq-]hpw (am¿´q-dntbm, marturew) ""km£n-bm-

hpI'' tbml-∂m-\nse Xmt°m¬ ]Z-ß-fm-Wv. tbip-hn\v \nc-h[n km£n-I-fp-≠v.

1. tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ (H. -t\m. tbm-l-∂m≥ 11:7, 8, 15; 3:26, 28; 5:33)

2. tbip Xm≥ Xt∂ (H. -t\m. tbm-l-∂m≥ 3:11; 5:31; 8:13˛14)

3. iacym kv{Xo (H. -t\m. tbm-l-∂m≥ 4:39)

4. ]nXm-hmb ssZhw (H. -t\m. tbm-l-∂m≥ 5:32, 34, 37; 8:18; 1 tbml-∂m≥ 5:9)

5. Xncp-shgpØv (H. -t\m. tbm-l-∂m≥ 5:39)

6. emk-dns‚ Db¿∏n-s‚ km£n-I-fmb ]pcp-jmcw (H. -t\m. tbm-l-∂m≥ 12:17)

7. Bflmhv (H. -t\m. tbm-l-∂m≥ 15:26- 27; 1 tbml-∂m≥ 5:10, 11)

8. injy-∑m¿ (H. -t\m. tbm-l-∂m≥ 15:27; 19:35; 1 tbml-∂m≥ 1:2; 4:14)

9. Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Xt∂ (H. -t\m. tbm-l-∂m≥ 21:24)

tbml-∂m≥ 1:9˛139GXp a\p-jy-s\bpw {]Im-in-∏n-°p∂ kXy-sh-fn®w temI-Øn-te°p h∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

10Ah≥ temI-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂p, temIw Ah≥ apJm-¥cw Df-hm-bn, temItam Ahs\ Adn-

™n-√. 11Ah≥ kz¥ambXn-te°p h∂p, kz¥-am-b-htcm Ah-s\ ssI-s°m-≠n-√, 12F∂m¬

Ahs\ ssIs°m≠p Ahs‚ \ma-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂ G-h¿°pw ssZh-a-°ƒ BIp-hm≥ Ah≥

AhImiw sImSp-Øp. 13Ah¿ c‡-Øn¬\n∂-√, PU-Øns‚ CjvS-Øm-e√, ]pcp-js‚ CjvS-

Øm-ep-a√, ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂t{X P\n-®-Xp.

1:9 ""kXy-sh-fn®w'' AkXy-Øn\p hncp≤w F∂ \ne-bn-√, bYm¿∞amb AYhm hmkvX-h-amb F∂

A¿∞-ØnemWv ChnsS ""kXyw.'' CXv H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse F√m sX‰mb {InkvXpimkv{X-ßtfmSp-ap≈

_‘Ønem-bncn-°mw. tbml-∂ms‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ km[m-c-W-ambn ImWp∂ Hcp \ma-hn-ti-j-WamWnXv

(H. t\m. 3:35; 4:23, 37; 6:32; 7:28; 15:1; 17:3; 19:35, 1 tbml-. 2:8; 5:20 IqSmsX shfn-∏m-Sn-¬ 10 {]mhiyhpw). 6:55

se kXyw 14:17 se temIw F∂o {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-j-b-ßƒ ImWp-I. tbip temI-Øns‚ shfn-®-am-

Ip∂p (H.- t\m. 3:19; 8:12; 9:5; 12:46; 1 tbml. 1:5, 7; 2:8, 9, 10). hnizm-kn-Iƒ Ahs‚ shfn®w {]Xnên∏n-t°-

≠-hcmWv (H.- t\m. ^n-en-. 2:15). (1) a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw (2) ZqX-∑m-cp-sSbpw adp-X-en∏v \nanØw krjvSn-bpsS

{Ia-Øn-¬ t\cn´ bYm¿∞ A‘-Im-chpambn CXv ISI hncp-≤-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

� ""temI-Øn-te°v h∂psIm≠n-cp∂p'' tbip- Bfl-a-WvU-e-amb kz¿§w hn v kab-Øns‚bpw ÿe-

Øn-s‚bpw ùXnI aWvU-e-Øn-te°v {]thin®-Xns\ ]cm-a¿in-°p-hm≥ tbml-∂m≥ ]e-t∏mgpw Cu

]Z-{]-tbmKw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p (H.- t\m. 6:14; 9:39; 11:27; 12:46; 16:28). Cu hmIyw tbip-hns‚ PU-[m-cW-sØ-

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂v A\p-am-\n°mw. CXv tbml-∂ms‚ kmln-Xy-Ønse km[m-cW Zzμzß-fn-sem-∂mWv

(A-Xm-bXv apI-fn¬ x Xmsg).

NASB ""Hmtcm a\p-jy-s\bpw {]Im-in-∏n-°p∂''

NKJV ""Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw shfn®w \¬Ip∂''

NRSV ""F√m-h-scbpw {]Im-in-∏n-°p∂''

TEV ""F√m Bfp-I-fp-sS-taepw {]Im-in-°p∂''

NJB ""F√m-h¿°pw shfn®w \¬Ip-∂''

Cu {]tbmKw c≠phn[-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°phm≥ Ign-bpw. H∂m-a-Xmbn, Hcp {Ko°v ]›m-Ø-esØ

k¶-ev]n-®p-sIm-≠v, F√m a\p-jy-cn-ep-ap≈ shfn-∏m-Sns‚ Hcp B¥-cnI shfn-®-sØ, Hcp ssZhnI Inc-W-

sØ-∏‰n ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. Cu hn[-Øn-emWv Izbvt°gvkv Cu hmIysØ hyJym-\n-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬

C{]-Im-samcp Bibw tbml-∂m-\n¬ Hcn-°epw {]Xy£s∏Sp∂n-√. tbml-∂ms\ kw_-‘n®v ""shfn®w''

a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ ]m]sØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p- (H. t\m. 3:19- 21).

c≠m-aXv, CXv {]Ir-Xnbnep≈ shfn-∏m-Sns\tbm (AXm-bXv {]IrXnbn¬ ssZhw Xs∂-Øs∂

shfns∏SpØn-bXns\ [H. t\m. k-¶o. 19:1˛5; tdma. 1:19- 20], As√¶n¬ B¥-cnI [m¿ΩnI t_m[sØtbm

[H. t\m. tdm-a. 2:14- 15]) A√ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, ]ns∂tbm GI-kXy shfn-®-amb {InkvXp-hn-eq-sS- ssZhw

hmKvZm\w sNøp∂ {]Im-i-\-sØbpw c£-sb-bp-am-Wv.

1:10 ""temIw'' aq∂v hyXykvX\ne-I-fn¬ tbml-∂m≥ tImkvtamkv (kosmoj) F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p.

1. ùXnI {]]©w (1:10, 11; 11:9; 16:21; 17:5, 24; 21:25)

17

2. kIe a\p-jy-h¿§hpw (1:10, 29; 3:16, 17; 4:42; 6:33; 12:19, 42; 18:29)

3. ssZhØn¬ \n∂pw thdn´v kwL-Sn-∏n-°-s∏´p {]h¿Øn-°p∂ hoWp-t]m-b a\pjykaqlw (7:7;

15:18˛19; 1 tbml. 2:15; 3:1, 13)

Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ #2 BWv AwKo-Icn°m-hp-∂-XmWv. 14:7 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWp-I.

� ""temItam Ahs\ Adn-™n√'' hoWp-t]mb PmXob kaq-l-ßtfm sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ sblq-Z-k-

aq-ltam tbip-hns\ hmKvZØ ain-lm-sb∂v Xncn-®-dn-™n-√. hkvXp-X-Isf kw_-‘n® _u≤n-I-amb

Adn-sh∂Xn-ep-]cn Bflm¿∞-amb _‘-sØ-bmWv ""Adn-bpI'' F∂ F{_mb ]Z-{]-tbmKw kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂Xv (H. t\m. D-ev]. 4:1; bnsc. 1:5).

{]tXyI ]T\hn-jbw: Adn-bpI(Bh¿Ø-\-]pkvXIw amXr-I-bm-°n-s°m≠v)

""Adn-bpI'' F∂Xn\p≈ F{_mb ]Zw (_n.-Un._n 393) Jzm¬ \v A\-h[n A¿∞-ß-fp-≠v.

1. \∑-Xn-∑-Isf Adn-bpI ˛ Dev]. 3:22; Bh. 1:39; sbi. 7:14- 15; tbm\m 4:11

2. Adn-hn-eqsS Adn-bp-I ˛ Bh. 9:2, 3, 6; 18:2

3. A\p- -h-Øn-eqsS Adn-bp-I ˛ Bh. 3:19; 4:35; 8:2, 3, 5; 11:2; 20:20; 31:13; tbmip. 23:14

4. ]cn-K-Wn-°p-I ˛ Bh. 4:39; 11:2; 29:16

5. hy‡n-]-c-ambn Adn-bp-I

a. Hcp hy‡n ˛ Dev]. 29:5; ]pd. 1:8; Bh. 22:2; 33:9

b. Hcp tZh≥ ˛ Bh. 11:28; 13:2, 6, 13; 28:64; 29:26; 32:17

c. btlmh ˛ Bh. 4:35, 39; 7:9; 29:6; sbi. 1:3; 56:10- 11

d. ssewKn-I-ambn ˛ Dev]. 4:1, 17, 25; 24:16; 38:26

6. Hcp sXmgn¬ sshZKv[yw As√-¶n¬ ⁄m\w ˛ sbi. 29:11, 12; Btam. 5:16

7. ⁄m\n-Ifm-bn-cn-°pI ˛ Bh. 29:4; kZr. 1:2; 4:1; sbi. 29:24

8. ssZhnI ⁄m\w

a. tamsi-bpsS ˛ Bh. 34:10

b. bn{km-tb-ens‚ ˛ Bh. 31:21, 27, 29

1:11 ""Ah≥ kz¥-Øn-te°p h∂p; kz¥-am-b-htcm Ahs\ ssIs°m-≠n√'' ""kz¥w'' F∂Xv 11- mw

hmIy-Øn¬ c≠p XhW D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. H∂m-atØXv \]pw-kI _lp-h-N-\-amWv. AXv (1) apgp-

h≥ krjvSn-sbtbm As√-¶n¬ (2) `qan-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn sblq-Z-btbm sbcq-i-te-an-s\tbm kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂p. c≠m-atØXv ]p√nwK _lp-hN\hpw sblqZmP\sØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xpam-Ip-∂p.

1:12 ""F∂m¬ Ahs\ ssIsIm≠p ... Gh¿°pw'' CXv c£-bnep≈ a\pjy h¿§-Øns‚ ]¶ns\ ImWn-

°p∂p (H. t\m. hm. 16). {InkvXp-hn-eqsSbp≈ Ir]-bpsS hmKvZm\-tØmSv a\p-jy≥ {]Xn-I-cn-t°≠-XmWv

(H. t\m. 3:16; tdma. 3:24; 4:4˛5; 6:23; 10:9- 13; Fs -. 2:8˛9). ssZhw Xo¿®-bmbpw ]c-am-[n-Im-cn-bmWv F∂n-cp-

∂mepw Xs‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ hoWp-t]mb a\pjyh¿§-hp-ambn Ah≥ \n_-‘-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp DS-

º-Sn-bpsS _‘-Øn\v ap≥I-sø-Sp-Øp. hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy-h¿§w am\-km-¥-c-s∏SpIbpw hniz-kn-°pIbpw

A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-Ibpw thWw.

""ssIs°m-≈pI'' F∂ Cu Bibw ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn ""G‰p]d-®n-en''\v kam-¥-c-am-Wv. tbip

{InkvXp-hmsW∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]c-ky-amb {]Jym-]-\-am-Wv CXv (H. t\m. a-Øm. 10:32; eqs°m. 12:8;

tbml. 9:22; 12:42; 1 Xnsam-. 6:12; 1 tbml-. 2:23; 4:15). AwKo-I-cn®v kzoI-cn-t°≠ Hcp Zm\-amWv c£.

tbip-hns\ ""ssIs°m-≈p-∂-h¿'' (1:12) Ahs\ Ab® ]nXm-hns\ ssIs°m-≈p∂p (H. t\m. 5:43;

13:20). c£ F∂Xv {XntbI ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘-amWv!

� ""Ahs‚ \ma-Øn¬'' ]gb\nb-a-Øn¬ Hcp hy‡n-bpsS \maw hfsc {][m-\-s∏- -Xm-bn-cp-∂p. CXv

Ah-cpsS kz`mh-sØ-∏-‰n-tbm kz`m-h-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-sØ-∏-‰ntbm D≈ Hcp {]Xo£m-\n¿ -ctam/{]h¿Ø

\£atam Bb Hcp {]h-N\-am-bn-cp-∂p. \ma-Øn¬ hnizm-kn-°pI F∂Xv B hy‡nsb hniz-kn-°pI

F∂Xpw kzoI-cn-°pI F∂-Xp-am-Wv (H. t\m. 2:23; 3:18; 20:31; 1 tbml. 5:13). 15:16 se I¿Øm-hns‚ \mw

F∂ {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWpI.

� ""hniz-kn-°p-∂- Gh¿°pw'' CXv Hcp h¿Ø-am\ I¿Øcn {Inbm_‘-am-Wv, A¿∞w ""hniz-kn-®p-

sImt≠bn-cn-°p-∂-h¿'' F∂m-Wv. Cu ]Z-Øns‚ hyp-ev]-Øn-bpsS ]›m-Øew B\p-Im-enI A¿∞w

ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ klm-bIamWv. F{_mb `mj-bn¬ CXp ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv ÿncambn \ne-sIm-≈p∂

Hcp hy‡n-sb-bm-Wv. B{i-bn-°m-hp∂h\pw Iqdp≈-h\pw hniz-kvX\p-amb Hcp hy‡nsb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-

18

Xn-\m-Wv CXp]-tbm-Kn-°p∂-Xv. CXn\v Xpey-amb {Ko°v ]Zw Cw•o-jn-te°v X¿÷a sNø-s∏- ncn-°p-∂Xv

""hnizm-kw,'' ""hniz-kn-°pI,'' ""B{ibn°p-I'' F∂n-ß-s\-bm-Wv. thZ-]p-kvX-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ hnizm-

kw AYhm B{ibw {]mY-an-I-ambn \mw sNøp∂ H∂-√, ]ns∂tbm \mw hnizm-k-a¿∏n-°p∂ Hcp-h\m-Wv.

AXp \ΩpsS hnizm-ko-b-X-b√ \mw {i≤-tI-{μo-I-cn-°p∂ ssZh-Øns‚ hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-Xbm-Wv. hoWp-

t]mb a\p-jyh¿§w ssZh-Øns‚ hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-X-bn¬ hnizmkw A¿∏n-°p-Ibpw Ahs‚ hniz-kvX-

Xbn¬ hnizkn°p-Ibpw Ah\p {]nb-\mbh\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. {i≤m-tI{μw a\p-jys‚ -hn-

izm-k-Øns‚ kar-≤nbpw Xo{h-Xbpw A√ ]ns∂tbm B hnizm-k-Øns‚ {i≤mtI{μam-Wv. 1:7 epw 2:23

epw D≈ {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWp-I.

� ""ssZh-a-°-fm-Ip-hm≥'' ]pXnb\nb-a -Fgp-Øp-Im¿ {InkvXym\nXzsØ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn IpSpw_-

kw-_-‘nbmb ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p: (1) ]nXmhv; (2) ]p{X≥; (3) a°ƒ; (4) ho≠pw P\n-°pI;

(5) ZsØ-Sp°pI F∂nh. {InkvXym-\nXzw IpSpw-_-Øns‚ Dev]-∂-a-√ (kz¿§-Øn-te-°p≈ {]th-i\ Sn°‰v,

A·n kpc£m t]mfnkn), ]ns∂tbm Hcp IpSpw-_-Øn\p kam-\-amWv. {InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-kn-Iƒ

A¥y-ImesØ ]pXnb ""ssZh-P\w'' Bbn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p∂p. ""AXp-ey-\mb'' (H.-t\m. hm. 14; 3:16) ]p{X≥

(H. t\m. Fs -. 5:1; 1 tbml. 2:29; 3:3) sNbvX-Xp-t]mse a-°sf∂ \ne-bn¬ \mapw ]nXm-hns‚ kz`m-

hsØ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°Ww. ]m]n-Isf sR´n-∏n-°p∂ Fs¥mcp t]cm-WnXv (H. t\m. 11:52; tdma. 8:14, 16, 21;

9:8; ^nen-. 2:15; 1 tbml-. 3:1, 2, 10; 5:2; tlmti. 1:10 s‚ tdma. 9:26 epw 2 sImcn. 6:18 epap≈ D≤-c-Wn).

a°ƒ F∂-Xn-\p≈ c≠v {Ko°p ]Z-ß-fn-¬ H∂v Ft∏mgpw tbip-hn-\mbpw (lq-bn-tbm-kv˛ ,uios),

at‰Xv hnizm-kn-Iƒ°mbpw (s‰-Ivt\m¨, s‰Iv\m˛teknon, tekna) D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv Xmev]cyP-\-

Iam-Wv. {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ ssZh-a-°-fmWv F∂m¬ Ah¿ ssZh-]p-{X-\mb tbip-hns\t∏m-se-bp≈ ssZh-

]p-{Xc√. Ahs‚ _‘w AXn-ey-amWv F¶nepw kmay-ap-≈Xm-Wv.

""k`'' F∂ ]Zw (F-¢o-kn-b˛ekklhsia) a¿s°m-kn-epw eqs°m-knepw tbml-∂m-\nepw ImW-s∏-Sp-

∂n-√. Ne-\m-flIi‡n-bp≈ ]pXnbXpw hy‡n-]-chpw Hcp-an-®p-≈-Xp-amb Bflm-hns‚ Iq´m-bva-°p-th≠n

Ah¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv IpSpw_kw_-‘n-bmb ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fm-Wv.

� ""Ah≥ A[n-Imcw sImSpØp'' Cu {Ko°p ]ZØn\v (FIvkq-kn-b, exousia) (1) \nba]c-amb

A[nImcw AYhm (2) Ah-Imiw As√¶n¬ ]Zhn F∂o A¿∞ßƒ BImw (H. t\m. 5:27; 17:2; 19:10,11).

tbip-hns‚ ]p{X-Xz-Øn-eq-sSbpw ssZhnI ZuXyØn-eq-sSbpw hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy-h¿§-Øn\v Ct∏mƒ

ssZhsØ Adn-bp-hm\pw Ahs\ ssZh-hpw ]nXm-hp-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm\pw Ign-bpw.

1:13

NASB, NKJV,NRSV ""Ah¿ c‡-Øm-e-√, PU-Øns‚ CjvS-Øm-e√, ]pcp-js‚ CjvS-Øm-epa√ P\n-®Xv''

TEV ""Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ a°-fm-bXv ss\k¿KnI-amb D]m-[n-I-fme√, AXm-b-Xv, am\p-

jnI ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂p P\n®v Ahs‚ a°-fmbnØo¿∂-X√''

NJB ""Ah¿ a\pjy\n¬ \nt∂m PU-Øns‚ kzm`m-hnI t{]c-Wbm-tem, ]pcp-js‚ CjvS

Ømtem A√''

Nne BZna k`m]nXm-°ƒ (sFtd-\n-b-kv, Hdn-K¨, sX¿Øp-ey≥, Bwt{_m-kv, sPtdmw, AK-Ãn≥

XpS-ßn-b-h¿) Cu `mjmssienbn¬ tbip-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bp-≈ Hcp kqN\ ImWp∂p. F∂m¬ {Ko°p ]mT-ß-

fpsS hn]p-e-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ CXp _lp-h-N-\-cq-]-am-sW∂v Dd-∏mbn {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p (]pXnb\nb-a-

Øn¬ ChnsS am{Xta Cu ]Z-Øns‚ _lp-h-N\cq]w ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p-≈p; UBS4 CXn\v A td‰v \¬Ip∂p.

CXn-\¿∞w Cu hN\w tbip-hn-ep≈ hnizm-kn-Isf kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sh-∂-m-Wv (H. t\m. 3:15; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:3,

23), AXp-sIm-≠v, CXv h¿§-]-c-amb t{ijvT-X-sbtbm a\pjys‚ ssewKnI ]n≥Km-an-sbtbm (B£.

""c‡-Øm¬'') A√ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv, ]ns∂tbm Xs‚ ]p{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-sc ssZhw Xnc-s™-

SpØv ASp-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv (H. -t\m. 6:44, 65). ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-c-Øns‚bpw am\p-jnI {]Xn-I-

c-W-Øns‚ Bh-iy-I-bp-sSbpw k¥p-e-\-amWv hm. 12, 13 shfn-s∏-SpØp-∂Xv.

Du∂¬ sImSp-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn {Ko°n¬ hmN-I-Øns‚ Ah-km\`mK-ØmWv {Inb (kmam\y I¿ΩWn

kqN-Iw) tN¿Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv. ho≠pw-P-\-\-Øn¬ (A-Xm-bXv Ah-km\ hmN-I-Øns‚ `mK-amb ""ssZh-

Øn¬\n-∂t{X'' F∂Xv. H. t\m. 6:44,65) ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-cØns‚bpw ap≥I-sø-Sp-°ens‚bpw

]¶ns\ CXv FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-°p∂p.

19

tbml-∂m≥ 1:14˛1414hN\w PU-ambnØo¿∂p Ir]-bpw kXyhpw \nd-™-h-\mbn \ΩpsS CS-bn¬ ]m¿Øp.

Rßƒ Ahs‚ tXP v ]nXm-hn¬\n∂p GI-Pm-X-\mbhs‚ tXP- mbn I≠p. 15tbml-∂m≥

Ahs\°pdn-®p km£o-I-cn-®p: Fs‚ ]n∂mse hcp-∂-h≥ F\n°p apºmbn Xo¿∂p; Ah≥

F\n°p apsº D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂p Rm≥ ]d-™-h≥ Ch≥ Xt∂ F∂p hnfn®p]d-™p. 16Ahs‚

\nd-hn¬\n∂p \ap°p F√m-h¿°pw Ir]-ta¬ Ir] e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. 17\ymb-{]-amWw tamsiapJm-

¥cw e`n®p; Ir]bpw kXyhpw tbip{InkvXp apJm-¥cw h∂p. 18ssZhsØ Bcpw Hcp\mfpw

I≠n- n-√, F∂m¬ ]nXm-hns‚ aSnbn¬ Ccn-°p∂ GI-Pm-X-\mb ]p{X≥ Ahs\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bn-cn-°p-∂p.

1:14 ""hN\w PU-ambn Xo¿∂p'' {InkvXym-\n-XzsØ {Ko°v PmXob Nn¥-bp-ambn ebn-∏n-°p-hm≥ {ian-®p-

sIm-≠n-cp∂ Kvt\mÃn-°p-I-fpsS Zpcp-]-tZ-isØ tbml-∂m≥ B{Ian°p-I-bm-Wv. CΩm-\p-th¬ F∂ hmKvZ-

Øns‚ \nhr-Øn-bmb (H.-t\m. sbi. 7:14) tbip ]q¿Æ a\p-jy\pw ]q¿Æ ssZh-hp-am-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 1

tbml. 4:1˛3). hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy-cpsS CS-bn¬ Hcp a\p-jy-s\-t∏mse ssZhw hkn®p-(B£.

""IqSmcaSn®p''). ""PUw'' F∂ ]Zw ]usem-kns‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn-te-Xp-t]mse ]m]-kz- m-hsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-

hm≥ tbml-∂m≥ Hcn-°epw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- n-√.

{]tXyI ]T\hn-jbw: PUw (km¿Ivkv- ˛ sarx)

CXv am\p-jnI ⁄m\-sØtbm temI\ne-hm-c-sØtbm kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 1:20; 2:6, 8;

3:18). ]usemkns‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ ""PUw'' (km¿Ivkv- ˛ sarx) F∂ ]Zw \nc-h[n A¿∞-Øn¬ D]-

tbm-Kn-°p∂p

1. a\pjy icocw (H.- t\m. tdma. 2:28; 1 sImcn. 5:5; 7:28)

2. a\pjy ]n≥Kman (A-Xm-bXv A∏≥˛a-I≥, H.- t\m. tdma. 1:3; 4:1; 1 sImcn. 10:18)

3. a\pjyh¿§w apgp-h-\mbn (H.- t\m. 1 sImcn. 1:26, 29)

4. Dev]Øn 3 se a\pjyh¿§-Øns‚ hogvN \nan-Ø-ap≈ am\p-jnI _e-lo-\X (H.- t\m. tdma .

6:19; 7:18)

� ""\ΩpsS CS-bn¬ ]m¿Øp'' A£-co-I-ambn CXv ""]m¿∏n-Sw C´p'' F∂m-Wv. CXn\v acp- q-an-bnse

{]bm-WØn-s‚bpw kam-KaIqSm-c-Øn-s‚bpw Ime-L- -Øn¬\n∂p-ap≈ Hcp sblqZ ]›m-Ø-e-ap≠v (H.-

t\m. sh-fn. 7:15; 21:3). Cu acp- q-an-bpsS A\p- -hsØ ]n¬°m-eØv sblq-Z-∑m¿ btlm-hbpsSbpw bn{km-

tb-ens‚bpw ""a[p-hn-[p Im-e-L´w'' F∂p hnfn-®p. Cu Ime-L- -Ønset∏mse ssZhw bn{km-tb-en-t\mSv

C{Xbpw ASp-Øn-cp-∂ as‰mcp kabw D≠m-bn- n√. Cu Ime-L- -Øn¬ bn{km-tb-en\p hgn-Im- nb {]tXyI

ssZhnI taLsØ kqNn-∏n-®n-cp∂ sblqZ ]Zw ""sjssJ\'' F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\¿∞w ""IqsS

hkn°pI'' F∂mWv.

� ""Rßƒ Ahs‚ tXP v ... I≠p'' ]gb \nb-a-Ønse Imt_mZv (tX-P- v) Ct∏mƒ aq¿Øn-a-Xv mhw

]q≠p, AYhm PU-sa-SpØp. CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (1) tbip-hns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ kw -hn® adp-cq-]-s∏-S-

tem, kz¿§m-tcm-l-Wtam t]mep-ff H∂mWv (A-Xm-bXv As∏m-kvX-enI km£yw, H. t\m. 2 ]s{Xm. 1:16-

˛17) As√¶n¬ (2) AZr-iy-\mb btlmh Ct∏mƒ Zr-iy\pw apgp-h-\mbn Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-h-\p-ambn Xo¿∂n-cn-

°p-∂p. 1 tbml. 1:1˛4 te-Xp-t]mse Xt∂bp≈ Du∂emWn-Wv. CXpw Bflmhpw `uXnIhpw XΩn-ep≈

sshcp-≤y-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ Kvt\mÃnIv Zpcp-]-tZi ]Tn-∏n°ens\-Xnsc tbip-hns‚ a\p-jy-Xz-sØ Du∂n-∏-

d-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.

]gb\nb-a-Øn¬ ""tXP v'' F∂-Xn-\v k¿Δ-km-[m-c-W-ambn D]-tbm-Kn°p∂ F{_m-b-]Zw (Imt_mZv

BDB 458) bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Hcp hym]mckw_-‘-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]Z-am-bn-cp∂p (CXv Xpemkn-s\-

bmWp kqNn-∏n-®ncp-∂Xv). A£-co-I-ambn ""I\-ap≈'' F∂¿∞w. I\-ap-≈Xv hnebp-≈Xpw aqey-h-Øp-am-

bn-cn-°pw. an°-t∏mgpw ssZh-Øns‚ al-XzsØ {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Cu ]Z-tØm-sSm∏w {]Im-isØbpw

tN¿Øp ]d-™n-cp∂p (A-Xm-b-Xv, BZy-ambn ko\mbn ]¿Δ-X-Øn¬sh®v A¥y-Im-ekw_-‘n-bmb -sh-

fn-®-ambn "sjssJ\' F∂ taLsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥, H. t\m. ]pd. 13:21˛22; 24:17; sbi. 4:5; 60:1˛2).

Ah≥ am{X-amWv tbmKy-\pw _lp-am-\y-\pw. hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy-h¿§-Øn\v Z¿in-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØhÆw

Ah≥ tXP-t -dn-bh-\mWv (H. t\m. ]pd. 33:17- 23; sbi. 6:5). {InkvXp apJm-¥cw am{Xta ssZhsØ icn-

bmbn Adnbphm≥ Ign-Ibp≈p (H. t\m. bnsc. 1:14; aØm. 17:2; F{_m. 1:3; bmt°m. 2:1).

""tXP v'' F∂ ]Zw GXm≠v Ahy-‡-am-Wv.

1. CXv ""ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn°v'' kam-¥c-amImw

2. CXv ssZh-Øns‚ ""]cn-ip-≤n-'' sbbpw ""]q¿Æ-X''-tbbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂XmImw

20

3. CXv a\p-jy≥ krjvSn-°-s∏´Xpw ]n∂oSv ]m]-Øn-eqsS aen-\-am-°-s∏- Xpamb ssZh-Øns‚ kzcq-

]sØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂-XmImw (H. t\m. D-ev]. 1:26- 27; 5:1; 9:6)

Xs‚ P\-tØm-Sp-Iq-sS-bp-≈ btlm-h-bpsS km∂n-≤ysØ (ta-Lw) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v CXv BZy-

ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®p- (H. t\m. ]pd. 16:7, 10; tehy. 9:23; kwJy. 14:10).

{]tXyI ]T\-hn-jbw: tXP v (tUm-Ivkm˛doxadoxadoxadoxadoxa)-""tXP v'' F∂ thZ-]p-kvX-I Bibw \n¿Δ-Nn-°pI Ffp-∏-a-√. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS alXzw/tXP v

F∂Xv kphn-ti-jhpw ssZh-Ønep≈ al-Xzhpw a\- n-em-°pI F∂-XmWv (H. t\m. 1:29˛31; bnsc.

9:23-˛24).

]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ ""tXP v'' (Imt_mZv BDB 217) F∂-Xn-\p≈ k¿Δ-km-[-c-W-amb F{_mb]Zw

Hcp Xpemknt\mSp _‘-s∏-Sp∂ hmWnPykw_-‘-amb ]Z-ambncp∂p (""I\-ap≈Xv''). I\-ap-≈Xv

hnebp-≈Xpw aqey-h-Øp-am-bn-cn-°pw. an°-t∏mgpw ssZh-Øns‚ al-XzsØ {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Cu

]Z-tØm-sSm∏w {]Im-isØbpw tN¿Øp ]d-™n-cp∂p (H. t\m. ]pd. 13:21˛22; 24:17; sbi. 4:5; 60:1˛2).

Ah≥ am{X-amWv tbmKy-\pw _lp-am-\y-\pw. hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy-h¿§-Øn\v Z¿in-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØ

hÆw Ah≥ tXP-t -dn-bh-\mWv (H. t\m. ]pd. 33:17-˛23; sbi. 6:5). {InkvXp apJm-¥cw am{Xta

btlm-hsb icn-bmbn Adnbphm≥ Ign-Ibp≈p (H. t\m. bnsc. 1:14; aØm. 17:2; F{_m. 1:3; bmt°m.

2:1).

""tXP v'' F∂ ]Zw GXm≠v Ahy-‡-am-Wv.

1. CXv ""ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn°v'' kam-¥c-amImw

2. CXv ssZh-Øns‚ ""]cn-ip-≤n-'' sbbpw ""]q¿Æ-X''sbbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂XmIw

3. CXv a\p-jy≥ krjvSn-°-s∏´Xpw ]n∂oSv ]m]-Øn-eqsS aen-\-am-°-s∏- Xpamb ssZh-Øns‚ kzcq-

]sØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂-XmImw (H. t\m. D-ev]. 1:26- 27; 5:1; 9:6). Xs‚ P\-tØm-Sp-Iq-sS-bp-≈ btlm-h-

bpsS km∂n-≤ysØ (ta-Lw) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v CXv BZy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®p- (H. t\m. ]pd. 16:7,

10; tehy. 9:23; kwJy. 14:10).

NASB, NKJV ""]nXm-hn¬ \n∂pw GIPmX-\m-b-hs‚ tXP- mbn''

NRSV ""Hcp ]nXm-hns‚ GIaI-s‚ tXP- mbn''

TEV ""]nXm-hns‚ Htc-sbmcp aI-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ Ah≥ {]m]n® tXP v''

NJB ""]nXm-hns‚ Htc-sbmcp aI-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ Ah\p e`n® tXP v''

""GI'' (tam-tWm-sKs\-kv˛monogenhj) F∂ Cu ]Z-Øn-\¿∞w ""AXp-ey-am-b,'' ""Hcp C\-Øn-ep≈

H∂v'' F∂-mWv (H. t\m. 3:16,18; 1 tbml 4:9; F v. F v. {_qkns‚ B≥tkzgvkv Sp IzÃy≥kv, t]Pv 24-

˛25 ImWpI). eØo≥ hƒtK‰v CXns\ ""GI-Pm-X≥'' (only begotten) F∂p ]cn-`mjs∏Sp-Øp-Ibpw

\n¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ ]gb Cw•ojv ]cn- m-j-Iƒ AXns\ AtX-]Sn ]I¿ØpIbpw sNbvXp (H. t\m. eqs°m.

7:12; 8:42; 9:38; F{_m. 11:17). GI-XzØn\pw AXp-ey-X-bv°p-am-Wv ChnsS Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂-Xv, ssewKnI

Xe-ap-d-bv°-√.

� ""]nXmhv'' ]gb\nbaw ssZh-sØ ]nXmhv F∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ IpSpw-_-]-c-amb D‰_‘-Øns‚

kmZriyØn¬ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

1. bn{km-tb¬ P\Xsb btlm-h-bpsS ""aI≥'' F∂v ]e-t∏mgpw Nn{Xo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p (H. t\m. tlmti.

11:1; aem. 3:17)

2. Bh¿Ø-\-Øns‚ BZy- m-KØv t]mepw ssZhsØ ]nXm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ ]d-™ncn°p∂p (1:31)

3. Bh¿Ø\w 32˛¬ bn{km-tbens\ ""Ahs‚ a°ƒ'' F∂pw ssZhsØ ""\nß-fpsS ]nXmhv'' F∂pw

hnfn-®ncn°p-∂p

4. Cu kmZriyw k¶o. 103:13 ¬ {]kvXm-hn°p-Ibpw k¶o. 68:5 ¬ (A-\m-Y-¿°p ]nXm-hv) hn]p-e-am-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p

5. CXv {]hm-NI {KŸ-ß-fn¬ km[m-c-W-ambn ImWmw (H. t\m. sbi. 1:2; 63:8; bn{km-tb¬ aI-

\mbpw ssZhw ]nXm-hmbpw, 63:16; 64:8; bnsc. 3:4, 19; 31:9).

tbip Cu ZrjvSm¥w FSp-Øv Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ hmIy-ß-fn¬ Bg-amb IpSpw_ Iq´m-bva-bn-te°v CXns‚

Bgw h¿≤n-∏n-®p: tbml-. 1:14, 18; 2:16; 3:35; 4:21, 23; 5:17,18,19,20,21,22,23,26,36,37,43,45; 6:27,32,37, 44,45,46,57;

8:16,19,27,28,38,42,49,54; 10:15,17,18,25,29,30,32,36,37,38; 11:41; 12:26,27,28,49,50; 13:1; 14:2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,16,20,21, 23,24,26,28,31;

15:1,8,9,10,15,16,23,24,26; 16:3,10,15,17,23,25,26,27,28,32; 17:1,5,11,21,24,25; 18:11; 20:17,21)!

� ""Ir]bpw kXyhpw \nd-™-h-\mbn'' Cu kwbp‡ {]tbmKw, ]pd. 34:6; s\sl. 9:17; k¶o. 103:8

F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-SpIbpw, hn]p-e-am-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂ ]gb\nba ]Zß-fmb

21

tlskZv (DS-º-Sn- kvt\lhpw Iqdpw), FsaØv (hn-izm-ky-X) F∂n-hsb ]n¥p-S¿∂mWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≈-

Xv. Ch c≠pw kZr. 16:6 ¬ Hcp-an®p hcp-∂p. CXv ]gb\nba DS-º-Sn-I-fpsS _‘-Øn¬ tbip-hns‚ kz`m-

hsØ hni-Zn-I-cn-°p∂p (H. -t\m. hm. 1:17). 6:55 epw 17:3 epw kXysØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ {]tXyI ]T-

\hnjbw ImWp-I.

{]tXyI ]T\-hn-jbw: B¿{Zkvt\lw (tlskZv)Cu ]Z-Øn\v hnim-e-amb A¿∞ aWvUew D≠v. _n.-Un._n CXns\ C{]-Imcw hniZo-Icn°p∂p

(338 ˛339)

A. a\p-jy-tcmSp≈ _‘-Øn¬

1. kl-a-\p-jytcm-Sp-ff Zb (DZm. 1 iaq. 20:14; 2 Zn\. 24:22)

2. Zcn-{Z-tcmSpw AK-Xn-I-tfmSpap≈ Zb (D-Zm. aoJm 6:8)

3. hm’eyw (H. t\m. bnsc. 2:2; tlmti. 6:4)

4. `mh-{]-I-S\w (H. t\m. sbi. 40:6)

B. ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

1. DS-º-Sn- Iqdpw kvt\lhpw

a. ""i{Xp-°-fn¬ \n∂pw {]iv\-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ tamN-\-Øn¬'' (DZm. bnsc. 31:3; F{km

27:28; 9:9)

b. ""ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ Pohs‚ kwc-£-W-Øn¬'' (D-Zm. Ctøm. 10:12; k¶o. 86:13)

c. ""Bflob Poh≥ Pzen-∏n-°p-∂Xn¬'' (D-Zm. k¶o. 119:41,76,88,124,149,150)

d. ""]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hos≠-Sp∏n¬'' (H. t\m. k¶o. 25:7; 51:3)

e. ""DS-º-Sn-Iƒ ]men-°p-∂-Xn¬'' (DZm. 2 Zn\. 6:14; s\sl. 1:5; 9:32)

2. Hcp ssZhnI KpW-hn-ti-jsØ hnh-cn-°p∂p (D-Zm. ]pd. 34:6; aoJm 7:20)

3. ssZh-Øns‚ Zb

a. ""kar≤n'' (D-Zm. s\l. 9:17; k¶o 103:8)

b. ""hnim-e-amb hym]vXn-'' (D-Zm. ]pd 20:6, Bh. 5:10; 7:9)

c. ""\nXy-ambXv'' (DZm. 1 Zn\:16:34,41; 2 Zn\. 5:13; 7:3,6; 20:21; F{km 3:11)

4. Zbm-{]-hr¿Øn-Iƒ (D-Zm. 2 Zn\. 6:42; k¶o. 89:2; k¶o. 89:2; sbi. 55:3; 63:7; hnem. 3:22)

{]tXyI ]T\hnjbw:]gb\nbaØn¬ hnizkn°pI, B{ibn°pI, hnizmkw, hnizkvXX (Ama)

I. {]mcw` {]kvXmh\

]pXnb \nabØnse hfsc \n¿Æm-bIamb Cu ssZhimkv{X Bibw ]gb\nbaØn¬ hy‡

ambn \n¿hNn°s∏´n´n√ F¶nepw sXcs™Sp°s∏´ Nne {]tXyI thZ`mKßfnepw hy‡n

Ifnepw {]Z¿in-∏n-°-s∏- n- p-≠v.

]gb\nba CSIec¬

1. hy‡nbpw kaqlhpw

2. hy‡n]camb I≠p-ap- epw DSºSnbpsS A\pkcWhpw

hnizmkw F∂Xv hy‡n-]-c-amb I≠p-ap- epw ssZ\wZn\ PohnXssienbpamWv. Hcp i_vZtImi

ap]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ ]T-\sØ°mƒ (AXmbXv ]Z]T\sØ°mƒ) Hcp hy‡nbn¬ AXv hnhcn

°p∂XmWv Gsd-sb-fp∏w.

1. A{_lmapw Ahs‚ k¥Xnbpw

2. ZmhoZpw bn{kmtbepw

F∂nhbneqsS Cu hy‡n-]-c-amb hnjbw hfsc \∂mbn hniZoIcn°m\m-hpw.

Cu hy‡nIƒ ssZhsØ I≠pap´pIbpw AhcpsS PohnXw ÿncambn hyXymks∏SpIbpw

sNbvXp (]q¿ÆXbp≈ PohnXa√, ]ns∂tbm hnizm-k-Øn¬ XpS-cp∂ Ahÿ). ]cntim[\

AhcpsS hnizmkØns‚ _ehpw _elo\Xbpw shfns∏SpØn, F¶nepw hnizmka¿∏n°p∂

D‰_‘w Ime-ßsf AXn-Po-hn®p \o≠p \n∂p. AXv ]cntim[n°s∏SpIbpw ip≤oIcn°

s∏SpIbpw sNbvXp, F¶nepw AXv AhcpsS `‡nbneqsSbpw PohnXssienbneqsSbpw sXfnbn°

s∏´psIm≠v XpS¿∂p h∂p.

22

II. D]tbmKn®ncn-°p∂ aqe ]Zw

A. Ama (BDB 52)

1. {Inb

a. Jzm¬ aqe]Zw ˛ ]n≥XmßpI, t]mjn∏n°pI (AXm. 2 cmPm. 10:1, 5; Ftÿ¿ 2:7,

ssZhimkv{X]ca√mØ D]tbmKw)

b. \n^m¬ aqe]Zw ˛ Xo¿®s∏SpØpI AYhm Dd∏n°pI, ÿm]n°pI, \n›bn°pI,

hnizkvXcmbn-cn-°pI AYhm hnizmktbmKyXbp≈Xmbncn°pI

(1) a\pjycpsS, sbi. 8:2; 53:1; bnsc. 40:14

(2) hkvXp°fpsS, sbi. 22:23

(3) ssZhØns‚, Bh. 7:9,12; sbi. 49:7; bnsc. 42:5

c. ln^n¬ aqe]Zw ˛ Dd®p\n¬°pI, hnizkn°pI, B{i-bn-°pI

(1) A{_lmw ssZhsØ hnizkn®p, Dev]. 15:6

(2) an{kboanep≈ bn{kmtbey¿ hnizkn®p, ]pd. 4:31; 14:31 (Bh¿Ø\Øn¬

\ncmIcn®ncn-°p-∂p, 1:32)

(3) btlmh tamsibneqsS kwkmcn®psh∂p bn{kmtbey¿ hnizkn®p, ]pd. 19:9; k¶o.

106:12, 24

(4) Blmkv ssZhØn¬ B{ibn®n√, sbi. 7:9

(5) AXv/Ah\n¬ hnizkn°p∂ Gh\pw, sbi. 28:16

(6) ssZhsØ°pdn®p≈ kXyw hnizkn°pI, sbi. 43:10˛12

2. \maw (]p√nwKw) ˛ hnizkvXX (AXm. Bh. 32:20; sbi. 25:1; 26:2)

3. {InbmhntijWw ˛ kXyambpw, hmkvXhambpw, Rm≥ AwKoIcn°p∂p, AXv Aßs\

Bbncn°s´ (H. t\m. Bh. 27:15˛26; 1 cmPm. 1:36; 1 Zn\. 16:36; sbi. 65:16; bnsc. 11:5; 28:6).

CXv ]gb \nbaØnsebpw ]pXnb\nbaØnsebpw {]m¿∞\bnse ""Bta≥'' BWv.

B. xma (BDB 54) kv{XoenwK \maw, Dd∏v, hnizkvXX, kXyw

1. a\pjycpsS, sbi. 10:20; 42:3; 48:1

2. ssZhØns‚, ]pd. 34:6; k¶o. 117:2; sbi. 38:18,19; 61:8

3. kXyØns‚, Bh. 32:4; 1 cmPm. 22:16; k¶o. 33:4; 98:3; 100:5; 119:30; bnsc. 9:4; skJ. 8:16

C. hnwma (BDB 53). Dd∏v, ÿncX, hniz-kvXX

1. ssIIfpsS, ]pd. 17:12

2. ImeßfpsS, sbi. 33:6

3. a\pjycpsS, bnsc. 5:3; 7:28; 9:2

4. ssZhØns‚, k¶o. 40:11; 88:12; 89:2,3,6,9; 119:138

III. Cu ]gb\nba BibsØ ]usemkv D]tbmKn® hn[w

A. ZakvtImkns‚ ]SnhmXn¬°se Xs‚ tbiphpambp≈ IqSn°mgvNbn¬ ]gb\nbasØ∏

‰nbpw btlm-hsb∏‰nbpw X\n°p e`n® ]pXnb Adnhns\ ]usemkv ASnÿm\s∏SpØp∂p

(H. t\m. {]hr. 9:22; 26).

B. xma aqe]Zap]tbmKn°p∂ c≠v ].-\n. Xmt°m¬ hN\ßfnemWv Xm≥ Xs‚ ]pXnb Adnhn\v

]gb\nba ]n¥pW Is≠ØnbXv.

1. Dev]. 15:6 ˛ A\pkcWbp≈ Hcp hnizmkPohnXØn\v A{_m-lm-ans\ t{]cn-∏n®Xpw

(Dev]. 12˛22) ssZhw ap≥I-sø-SpØp \S-Øn-bs#-Xp-amb (Dev]. 12) A{_lmans‚

hy‡n]camb IqSn°mgvN. tdma¿ 4 epw KemXy¿ 3 epw ]usemkv CXns\-°p-dn®p

kqNn∏n°p∂p.

2. sbi. 28:16 ˛ AXn¬ hnizkn°p∂h¿ (AXmbXv, ssZhØns‚ ]cntim[n°s∏´Xpw

Dd∏mbn ÿm]n°s∏´ncn°p∂Xpamb aqe°√v) Hcp\mfpw

a. tdma. 9:33, ""e÷n®pt]mIbn√'' AYhm ""\ncmis∏SpIbn√''

b. tdma. 10:11, ta¬]d™XpXs∂

23

3. l_. 2:4 ˛ hnizkvX\mb ssZhsØ Adnbp∂h¿ hnizkvXamb PohnXw \bnt°Ww (H.

t\m. bnsc. 7:28). tdma. 1:17 epw Kem. 3:11 epw ]usemkv Cu thZ`mKw D]tbmKn°p∂p

(F{_m. 10:38 IqSn ImWpI).

VI. ]gb\nba BibsØ ]s{Xmkv D]tbmKn® hn[w

A. ]s{Xmkv kwtbm-Pn∏n°p∂p

1. sbi. 8:14 ˛ 1 ]s{Xm. 2:8 (XS-ß¬]md)

2. sbi. 28:16 ˛ 1 ]s{Xm. 2:6 (aqe°√v)

3. k¶o. 111:22 ˛ 1 ]s{Xm. 2:7 (X≈n°f™ I√v)

B. bn{kmtbens\∏‰n hnhcn°p∂Xn\p-]-tbm-Kn® ""Xncs™Sp°s∏´ PmXnbpw cmPIob ]ptcm

lnX h¿§hpw hnip≤hwihpw kz¥P\hpw'' F∂ AXpeyamb `mj Xmsg∏dbp∂ hN\

ßfn¬ \n∂pw FSp-Øn- p-≈-XmWv

1. Bh. 10:15; sbi. 43:21

2. sbi. 61:6; 66:21

3. ]pd. 19:6; Bh. 7:6

{InkvXphnep≈ k`bpsS hnizmksØ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ct∏mƒ CXv D]tbmKn°p∂p

V. Cu BibsØ tbml-∂m≥ D]tbmKn® hn[w

A. AXns‚ ]pXnb\nba D]tbmKw

""hnizkn°pI'' F∂ ]Zw (]nsÃtbm˛pisteuw) F∂ {Ko°p]ZØn¬ \n∂pap≈XmWv, CXv

""hnizkn°pI'' ""hnizmkw'' ""B{ibw'' F∂nßs\bpw ]cn`mjs∏SØmw. DZmlcWØn\v,

CXns‚ \macq]w tbml∂ms‚ kphntijØn¬ ImWp∂n√. F∂m¬ {Inb an°t∏mgpw

D]tbmKn°s∏´ncn°p∂p. tbml. 2:23˛25 ¬ ]pcpjmcØn\v ainlmsb∂ \nebn¬ \kdmb\m

b tbiphnt\mSp≈ ka¿∏WØns‚ hnizm-kob-X-bn¬ Dd∏n√mbvabp≠v. ""hnizkn°pI''

F∂ ]ZØns‚ D]cnπhamb D]tbmKØn\p≈ a‰v DZmlcWßƒ tbml. 9:31˛39 epw {]hr.

8:13, 18˛24 epw ImWmw. bYm¿∞ thZ]pkvXI hnizmksa∂Xv {]mYanI {]XnIcWØnepap

]cnbmb H∂mWv. AXns\-Øp-S¿∂v Dd∏mbpw Hcp injyXzØns‚ {]{Inb D≠m-tIWw (H.

t\m. aØm. 13:20˛22, 31- 32).

B. KXnItfmsSm∏w CXns‚ D]tbmKw

1. Fbnkv (eij) A¿∞w ""AXnte°v'' Cu AXpeyamb LS\ hnizmknIƒ tbiphn¬

AhcpsS hnizmkw/B{ibw A¿∏n°p∂Xns\ Du∂n∏dbp∂p

a. Ahs‚ \maØn¬ (tbml. 1:12; 2:23; 3:18; 1 tbml. 5:13)

b. Ah\n¬ (tbml. 2:11; 3:15,18; 4:39; 6:40; 7:5,31,39,48; 8:30; 9:36; 10:42; 11:45,48; 17:37,42; aØm.

18:6; {]hr. 10:43; ^nen. 1:29; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:8)

c. F∂n¬ (tbml. 6:35; 7:38; 11:25,26; 12:44,46; 14:1,12; 16:9; 17:20)

d. ]p{X\n¬ (tbml. 3:36; 9:35; 1 tbml. 5:10)

e. tbiphn¬ (tbml. 12:11; As∏m. 19:4; Kem. 2:16)

f. shfn®Øn¬ (tbml. 12:36)

g. ssZhØn¬ (tbml. 14:1)

2. F≥- ˛ en A¿∞w, tbml. 3:15; a¿s°m. 1:15; {]hr. 5:14 F∂o hmIyßfnteXpt]mse

""C¬''

3. F]n ˛ epi A¿∞w, aØm. 27:42; {]hr. 9:42; 11:17; 16:31; 22:19; tdma. 4:5,24; 9:33; 10:11; 1 Xnsam.

1:16; 1 ]s{Xm. 2:6 F∂o hmIyßfnteXpt]mse ""C¬'' As√-¶n¬ ""ta¬''

4. Kem. 3:6; {]hr. 18:8; 27:25; 1 tbml. 3:23; 5:10 F∂nhn-S-ßfnteXpt]mse KXnIqSmsXbp≈,

{]Xn-{Km-lnI hn`‡n.

5. tlm´n ˛ o.ti A¿∞w, ""AXp hnizkn°pI,'' F¥p hnizkn°Wsa∂ kqN\ \¬Ip∂p

a. tbip ssZhØns‚ ]cnip≤\mWv (tbml. 6:69)

b. tbip Rm\mIp∂h≥ BWv (tbml. 8:24).

c. tbip ]nXmhnepw ]nXmhv tbiphnepw (tbml. 10:38)

24

d. tbip {InkvXphmWv (tbml. 11:27; 20:31)

e. tbip ssZh]p{X\mWv (tbml. 11:27; 20:31).

f. tbip ]nXmhn\m¬ Abbv°s∏´h\mWv (tbml. 11:42; 17:8,21).

g. tbiphpw ]nXmhpw H∂mWv (tbml. 14:10˛11).

h. tbip ]nXmhn¬ \n∂p h∂p (tbml. 16:27,30)

i. ]nXmhns‚ DSºSnbpsS \maamb ""Rm\mIp∂h≥'' F∂-Xn-t\mSv tbip Xs∂Øm≥

XmZmflys∏SpØp∂p (tbml. 8:24; 13:9)

j. \mw Aht\mSpIqsS Pohn°pw (tdma. 6:8)

k. tbip acn®n v Dbn¿sØgpt∂‰p (1 sX . 4:14)

IV. D]kwlmcw

Hcp ssZhnI hN\tØmtSm/ hmKvZtØmtSm D≈ am\pjnI {]XnIcWamWv thZ]pkvXI hnizm

kw. ssZhw Ft∏mgpw ap≥ssIsbSp°p∂p (AXm. tbml. 6:44, 65), F∂m¬ Cu ssZhnI Bib

hn\nabØns‚ `mKw am\pjnI {]XnIcWØns‚ A\nhmcyXbmWv.

A. B{ibw

B. DSºSnbpsS A\pkcWw

thZ]pkvXI hnizmkw

1. Hcp hy‡n]camb _‘amWv ({]mYanI hnizmkw)

2. ssZhnI kXyßfpsS Hcp Dd∏m°¬ (ssZhnI shfn∏mSnep≈ hnizmkw)

3. AXnt\mSp≈ Hcp A\ptbmPyamb A\pkcW {]XnIcWw (ssZ\wZn\ hnizmkw)

thZ]pkvXI hnizmkw kz¿§Ønte°p≈ Hcp {]th-i\ Sn°t‰m C≥jp-d≥kv t]mfn-kn

tbm A√. AsXmcp hy‡n]camb _‘amWv. CXmWv krjvSnbpsSbpw a\pjyh¿§w ssZhØns‚

kzcq]Ønepw kmZriyØnepw krjvSn°s∏ńcn°p∂Xns‚bpw Dt±iyw (H.- t\m. Dev]. 1:26˛27).

""ASpØ kvt\l_‘w'' BWv hnjbw. ssZhw B{Kln°p∂Xv Hcp {]tXyI ssZhimkv{X

Øn\p≈ hnizm-ka√, ]ns∂tbm Iq´mbvabmWv! hnip-≤-\mb ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ Iq´m-bvabv°v a°ƒ

IpSpw_ ""kz`mhw'' ImWn-t°-≠Xv A\n-hm-cy-amWv (AXm. hnip≤n, H. t\m. tehy. 19:2; aØm.

5:48; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:15˛16). hogvN (H. t\m. Dev]. 3) A\pIqeambn {]XnIcn°p∂Xn\p≈ \ΩpsS

Ignhns\ _m[n®p. AXpsIm≠v ssZhw, \ap°v Hcp ""]pXnb lrZbhpw ]pXnb Bflmhpw''

\¬Ins°m≠v (H. t\m. sbsl. 36:27˛38) \ap°pth≠n {]h¿Øn®p. Ch hnizmkØneqsSbpw

A\pXm]Øn eqsSbpw Aht\mSv Iq´mbva BNcn°phm\pw Ahs\ A\pkcn°phm\pw \sΩ

{]m]vXcm°p∂p!

Ch aq∂pw \n¿Æm-b-IamWv. Ch aq∂pw ]men°s∏tS≠XmWv. e£yw ssZhsØ AdnbpI

F∂Xpw ({Ko°v, F{_mb A¿∞ßfn¬) \ΩpsS PohnXØn¬ Ahs‚ kz`mhsØ {]Xnên

∏n°pIsb∂XpamWv. hnizmkØns‚ e£yw Fs∂-¶nepw kz¿§w {]m]n-°pI F∂X√,

]ns∂tbm Hmtcm Znhkhpw {InkvXpXpeyambn Pohn-°pI F∂XmWv.

a\pjys‚ hnizkvXX ssZhhpambp≈ _‘Øns‚ ASnÿm\a√ (]gb\nbaw) adn®v

êamWv (]pXnb\nbaw): Ahs‚ hnizkvXXbnep≈ a\pjys‚ hnizmkw; Ahs‚ hnizm-k-

tbm-Ky-X-bn-ep≈ a\p-jys‚ B{i-bw. ssZhw XpS-ßn-sh-®-Xpw {InkvXphn¬ shfn-s∏´Xp-amb

Ir]tbmSpw IcpWtbmSpw a\pjy¿ {]mcwàmbpw XpS¿®bmbpw {]XnIcn°Wsa∂p≈XmWv

]pXnb\nba c£m ho£WØns‚ ImX¬. Ah≥ kvt\ln®p, Ah≥ Ab®p, Ah≥ e`yam°n

bncn°p∂p; \mw hnizmkØnepw hnizkvXXbnepw {]XnIcnt°Ww (H. t\m. Fs^. 2:8,9,10)!

Xs∂ AhnizkvX temIØn\v shfns∏SpØns°mSp∏m\pw Ahsc X∂nep≈ hy‡n]c

amb hnizmkØnte°p sIm≠phcphm\pamWv hnizkvX\mb ssZhw hnizkvXcmb Hcp P\sØ

°pdn®v B{Kln°p∂Xv.

1:15 ""Ah≥ F\n°p apsº D≠mbncp∂p'' tbiphns‚ ]q¿Δm-kvXn-IysØ∏‰nbp≈ tbml∂m≥

kv\m]Is‚ i‡amb Dd∏ns‚ D]tZiamWnXv (H. t\m. 1:1; 8:56˛59; 16:28; 17:5; 2 sImcn. 8:9; ^nen. 2:6˛7;

sImsem. 1:17; F{_m. 1:3; 10:5˛8). ]q¿Δm-kvXn-Iy D]-tZ-ihpw ap≥Iqń ]dbp∂ {]hN\hpw Dd∏m°p∂Xv,

Ncn{XØn\p apI-fnepw A∏pdhpambhs\¶nepw Ncn{XØn\p≈n¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂h\mb Hcp ssZhw

Ds≠∂mWv. CXv thZ]pkvXI/{InkvXob temI ho£-W-Øns‚ Ahn- mPyLSIamWv.

25

� Cu hN\`mKw Ipg∏w ]nSn®XmsW∂p am{Xa√, Cu thZ`mKsØ hy‡am°p∂Xn\pw kcfam

°p∂Xn\pambn \nch[n ]I¿s∏gpØp {iaßƒ \SØpIbpw sNbvXn´p≠v. {_qkv Fw. sa‰vkvKdns‚

F sSIvkvNz¬ Ia‚dn Hm¨ Z {Ko°v \yqsS-Ãvsa‚v t]Pv 197˛198 ImWp-I.

{Ko°v {InbIfpsS Imeßƒ hyh-ÿm-hn-t[bam°m≥ IgnIbn√ F∂Xn\v Hcp \√ DZmlcWw

IqSn BWnXv. CXv h¿Øam\ImeØn¬ tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≈ Hcp `qXIme {]hrØnbmWv. A\p_‘w

H∂v ImWpI.

1:16˛18 tbml∂ms‚ kphntijØns‚ khntijXIfnsem∂v, Fßs\ teJI≥ Xs‚ kz¥w A`n{]m

bßtfmsS Ncn{Xkw`hw, kw`mjWw, AYhm ]Tn∏n-°¬ F∂nhbnte°v t`Zn®pIS°p∂psh∂XmWv.

an°t∏mgpw tbiphns‚bpw a‰p hy‡nIfpsSbpw tbml∂ms‚bpw hm°pIƒ th¿Xncns®Sp°pI Akm

[yamWv. ]finX∑mcne[nIhpw hnizkn°p∂Xv hm. 16˛19 teJI\mb tbml∂ms‚ A`n{]mbam

sW∂mWv (H. t\m. 3:14 -21).

1:16 ""\ndhv'' CXv {Ko°v ]Zamb πotdma (plhroma) BWv. D∂X\mb ssZhØns‚bpw Xmgv∂ Bflob

PohnIfpsSbpw a[yØnep≈ ZqX-∑mcmb Abn-tbm-Wp-I-sf hnhcn°p∂Xn\mbn Kvt\mÃn°v Zpcp]tZ

jvSm°ƒ Cu ]Zw D]tbmKn®p. tbiphmWv ssZhØn\pw a\pjy¿°pw at[ybp≈ GI a[y-ÿ≥

(AXmbXv, kXyambXpw GI \ndhpw) (H. t\m. sImsem. 1:19; 2:9; Fs^. 1:23; 4:13). bmYm¿∞ysØ∏‰nbp

≈ BZyIme Kvt\mÃnIv Imgv∏mSns\ ho≠pw As∏mkvXe\mb tbml∂m≥ B{Ian°p∂Xmbn

ImWp∂p.

�

NASB, NRSV ""Ir]ta¬ Ir]''

NKJV ""Ir]bv°pth≠n Ir]''

TEV ""\ap°v H∂n\p ]pdsI as‰m∂mbn A\p{Klw \¬Ip∂p''

NJB ""H∂n\p ]Icw as‰mcp Zm\w''

hymJym\]camb tNmZyw Ir] F∂Xns\ Fßs\ a\ nem°Wsa∂p≈XmWv. AXv

1. c£bv°mbn {InkvXphnep≈ ssZhØns‚ IcpWbmtWm?

2. {InkvXob PohnXØn\mbp≈ ssZhØns‚ IcpWbmtWm?

3. {InkvXphneqsSbp≈ ]pXnb DSºSnbnse ssZhØns‚ IcpWbmtWm?

Xmt°m¬ Nn¥ ""Ir]'' BWv; tbiphns‚ PU[mcWØn¬ ssZhØns‚ Ir] A¤pXIcambn \¬I

s∏´ncn°p∂p. hoWpt]mb a\pjyh¿§tØmSp≈ ssZhØns‚ ""DΔv'' BWv tbip (H. t\m. 2 sImcn.

1:20).

1:17 ""\ymb{]amWw'' tamsibpsS \ymb{]amWw tamia√mbncp∂p, F∂m¬ AXv ]q¿Æamb Hcp c£

e`yam°p∂Xn\mbn Hcp°p∂Xpw A]q¿Æhpambncp∂p (H. t\m. 5:39˛47; Kem. 3:23-˛29; tdma¿ 4).

F{_mbteJ\hpw tamsibpsSbpw tbiphns‚bpw {]hrØn/shfn∏mSv/DSºSnIƒ F∂nhsb XmcXayw

sNøpIbpw sshcp≤yw Nq≠n-°mWn°pIbpw sNøp∂p.

{]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: tamsibpsS \ymb{]amWw

kw_-‘n®v ]usemkns‚ ImgvN∏mSv

CXv \√Xpw ssZhØn¬ \n∂p≈XpamWv (H. t\m. tdma. 7:12,16)

A. CXv \oXnbnte°pw ssZhnI AwKoImcØnte-°p-ap≈ hgn-b√ (CXv Hcp im]w t]mepw BbnØo

cmw, H. t\m. Kem. 3).

B. CXv ssZhØns‚ kzbw shfns∏SpØemIbm¬ CXv Ct∏mgpw hnizmknIsf°p-dn-®p≈ ssZh

Øns‚ lnXamWv (hnizmknIƒ°v ]m]-t_m[w hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw t{]m’mln∏n°p∂Xn\pambn

an°t∏mgpw ]usemkv ].\n. D≤cn°mdp≠v).

C. ]gb\nbaØm¬ hnizmknIƒ°v Adnhv e`n°p∂p (H. t\m. tdma. 4:23˛24; 15:4; 1 sImcn. 10:6˛11)

F¶nepw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øm¬ c£ {]m]n°p∂n√ (H. t\m. {]hrØnIƒ 15; tdma¿ 4; KemXy¿ 3;

F{_mb¿)

D. ]pXnb DSºSbn¬ CXv {]h¿Øn°p∂p:

1. ]m]abXzsØ ImWn°p∂Xn\v (H. t\m. Kem. 3:15˛29)

2. hos≠-Sp°s∏´ a\pjy\p kaqlØn¬ hgn-Im- p-hm≥

3. [m¿ΩnI Xocpam\ßsf∏‰n hnizm-knsb Adnbn°phm≥

26

im]Øn¬ \n∂pw ac-WØn¬ \n∂pw A\p{KlØnte°pw ÿncXbnte°pw IS-°p-∂Xp kw_-

‘n®v Cu ssZhimkv{X]camb {]ImiNn{XamWv tamsibpsS \ymb{]amWsØ∏‰nbp≈ ]usem

kns‚ ho£Ww a\ nem°p∂Xn\p≈ {iaØn¬ {]iv\Øn\p ImcWamIp∂Xv. {InkvXphnep≈

Hcp a\pjy≥ F∂ {KŸØn¬ sPbnwkv Ãphm¿´v ]usemkns‚ ]c-kv]c hncp≤amb Nn¥bpw

FgpØpw Nq≠n-°mWn°p∂p:

""Hcp Nn¥mkc-Wnbpw D]-tZ-ihpw sIń∏Sp°m≥ Xs∂Øm≥ Hcp°p∂ Hcp hy‡nsb∏‰n \nßƒ

km[mcWamb {]Xo£n°p∂Xv Xm≥ D]tbmKn°p∂ ]Z{]tbmKßfpsS A¿∞ßƒ Ignbp∂nS

tØmfw ÿncs∏SpØpI F∂XmWv. Xs‚ {][m\ BibßfpsS hmNIssienbpsS IrXyXbn¬

Xm≥ e£yw hbv°Wsa∂v \nßƒ {]Xo£n°pw. Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Hcp {]tXyI A¿∞Øn¬ Hcn-

°¬ D]tbmKn® Hcp hm°v B {KŸØnepS\ofw B A¿∞w Xs∂ hln°Wsa∂v \nßƒ Bhiy

s∏Spw. F∂m¬ ]usemkn¬ \n∂pw CXv {]Xo£n°p∂h¿ \ncmis∏Spw. Xs‚ hmNIssien an°

hmdpw Ab™Xpw ZrVXbn√mØXpamWv ... ""Iev]\ hnip≤amWv'' Xm≥ FgpXp∂p, ""D≈wsIm≠p

Rm≥ ssZhØns‚ \ymb{]amWØn¬ ckn°p∂p'' (H. t\m. tdma. 7:12, 22). F∂m¬ CXv hy‡ambpw

""{InkvXp \sΩ \ymb{]amWØns‚ im]Øn¬ \n∂pw hnse°p hmßn'' F∂v as‰mcnSØv

Xs∂s°m≠p ]dbn∏n°p∂ t\mtamkv s‚ as‰mcp hiamWv (H. t\m. Kem. 3:13)'' (t]Pv 26).

� ""Ir]'' CXv kqNn∏n°p∂Xv hoWpt]mb a\pjyh¿§tØmSp≈ A¿ln°mØXpw tbmKyXbn√m-Ø-

Xp-amb ssZhØns‚ kvt\lsØbmWv (H. t\m. Fs^. 2:8). ]usemkns‚ FgpØpIfn¬ hfsc

{][m\s∏´ Cu ]Zw (Jmdnkv˛carij) tbml∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ Cu JfinIbn¬ am{Xta

D]tbmKn®n´p≈p (H. t\m. 1:14,16,17). ssZh-\n-izm-kzo-bXbpsS Iogn¬ ]pXnb\nba FgpØpIm¿°v AhcpsS

kz¥w hm°pIfpw kmZriyßfpw ZrjvSm¥ßfpw D]tbmKn°phm≥ kzmX{¥yap≠mbncp∂p. bnsc.

31:31˛34; sbsl. 36:22˛38 `mKßfnse ""]pXnb DSºSn'' tbip km£mXvIcn®p.

� ""kXyw'' CXv D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂Xv (1) hnizkvXX AYhm (2) hymP-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb kXyw (H. t\m.

1:14; 8:32; 14:6) F∂o A¿∞-Øn-em-Wv. Ir]bpw kXyhpw tbip apJm¥cw h∂p F∂Xp {i≤n°pI (H.

t\m. hm. 14). 17:3 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWpI.

� ""tbip'' BapJØnse adnbbpsS aIs‚ am\pjnI\maØns‚ BZy D]tbmKamWnXv. ]q¿Δm-kvXn-

Iy-ap≈ ]p{X≥ Ct∏mƒ PU-sa-SpØ ]p{X≥ BbnØo¿∂n-cn°p∂p!

1:18 ""ssZhsØ Bcpw Hcp\mfpw I≠nń√'' Nne¿ ]dbp∂Xv CXv ]pd. 33:20˛23 \v hn]coXambncn°p∂p

sh∂mWv. F∂ncp∂mepw ]pd∏mSv thZ- m-KØnse F{_mb]Zw kqNn∏n°p∂Xv ssZhØns‚ ùXnI

ZriysØb√ ]ns∂tbm {]`m-h-ebsØbmWv. Cu hmIyØns‚ Du∂¬ tbip ssZhsØ ]q¿Æ ambn

shfns∏SpØp∂psh∂XmWv (H. t\m. 14:8 apX¬). ]m]nbmb Hcp a\p-jy\pw ssZhsØ I≠nń√ (H.

t\m. 6:46; 1 Xnsam. 6:16; 1 tbml. 4:12,20).

\kdmb\mb tbiphnep≈ ssZhØns‚ AXpeyamb shfns∏SpØens\bmWv Cu hmIyw Du∂n∏d

bp∂Xv. Ah≥ ssZh-Øns‚ GIhpw ]q¿Æhpamb kzbw- -sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Ø-emWv. tbiphns\ AdnbpIsb

∂Xv ssZhsØ AdnbemWv. ]nXmhns‚ ]caamb shfns∏SpØemWv tbip. Ahs\ IqSmsX ssZhsØ

]q¿Æ-ambn Adn-bm-\m-hn√ (H. t\m. sImsem. 1:15˛19; F{_m. 1:2˛3). tbip ]nXmhns\ ""ImWpI''bpw

hnizmknIƒ Ah\neqsS (Ahs‚ PohnXw, hN\ßƒ, {]hrØnIƒ F∂n-h-bn-eqsS) ]nXmhns\ ""ImWp

Ibpw'' sNøp∂p. AZriy\mb ssZhØns‚ apgph\mbpw ]q¿Æambpap≈ shfns∏SpØemWv Ah≥

(H. t\m. sImsem. 1:15; F{_m. 1:3).

�

NASB ""GIPmX\mb ssZhw''

NKJV ""GIPmX\mb ]p{X≥''

NRSV ""CXv ssZhØns‚ Htcsbmcp ]p{X≥''

TEV ""GI ]p{X≥''

NJB ""CXv GI ]p{X≥''

1:14 se tamtWmsK\okv (monogenhj) F∂-Xns‚ Ipdn∏v ImWpI. tbip ]q¿Æ ssZhhpw ]q¿Æ

a\p-jy-\p-am-Wv. 1:1 se ]q¿Æ Ipdn∏v ImWpI.

ChnsS {Ko°v ssIsøgpØp {]XnIfn¬ sshcp[yap≠v. BZna {Ko°v IsøgpØp{]XnIfmb P66, P75,B, C F∂n-h-bn¬ sXtbmkv (qeoj ˛ ssZhw) F∂p tN¿Øn-cn-°p-tºmƒ A, C3 F∂n-h-I-fn¬ ssZhw

F∂-Xn\p ]Icw ""]p{X≥'' F∂mWp tN¿Øncn°p∂Xv. UBS4 ""ssZhw'' F∂-Xn\p \¬Ip∂ td‰v

"_n' BWv (an°hmdpw Dd∏mbXv). tbml. 3:16,18; 1 tbml. 4:9 F∂o hmIyßfnse ""GIPmX\mb

27

]p{X≥'' F∂-Xns‚ Hm¿Ωbn¬ ]I¿s∏-gp-Øp-Im¿ ""]p{X≥'' F∂ ]Zw tN¿Øncn°m\mWv km[yX.

(H. t\m. {_qkv Fw. sa‰vkvKdns‚ F sSIvkvNz¬ Ia‚dn Hm¨ Z {Ko°v \yqsS-Ãvsa‚ v t]Pv 198). CXv

tbip-hns‚ kºq¿Æhpw apgp-h-\m-bp-ap≈ ssZh-Xz-Øns‚ Dd∏n°emWv! Cu hmIyØn¬ tbiphn\v

aq∂v t]cpIƒ D≠mbncn°phm\p≈ km[yX ImWp∂p≠v: (1) GIPmX≥, 2) ssZhw, 3) ]nXmhns‚

aSn-bnencp∂h≥.

bmYm-ÿn-XnI ]I¿s∏-gp-Øp-Im¿ Cu mKØv am‰w hcp-Ønbn-cn-°m-\p≈ km[yX kw_-‘n®v Xmev]-

cy-P-\-I-amb Hcp N¿®- _m¿´v Un. Fl¿am≥kns‚ Z Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv Id-]vj≥ Hm^v Z kv{In]v®¿

t]Pv 78˛82 ¬ ImWmw.

� ""]nXmhns‚ aSn-bn¬ Ccn°p∂'' hm. 1, 2 se ""ssZhtØmSpIqsS'' F∂ ssientbmSv A¿∞Øn¬

kam\Xbp-≈-Xm-WnXv. CXv G‰hpw ASpØ Iq´mbvasb∏‰n kwkmcn°p∂p. CXv (1) Ahs‚ ]q¿hm-

kvXnIy Iq´mbvasbtbm (2) Ahs‚ ]p\x-ÿm-]n°s∏´ Iq´mbvasbtbm (A-Xm-bXv kz¿§mtcmlWw)

kqNn∏n°p∂p.

NASB ""Ah≥ Ahs\ hniZoIcn®ncn°p∂p''

NKJV ""Ah≥ Ahs\ {]Jym-]n®ncn-°p∂p''

NRSV, NJB ""Ahs\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bncn°p∂h≥''

TEV ""Ah≥ Ahs\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bncn°p∂p''

1:18 ¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂, apgp-h-\m-bp-≈Xpw ]q¿ØoI-cn-°-s∏- -Xp-amb shfn∏mSv F∂¿∞w hcp∂

{Ko°p ]Z-Øn¬ \n∂mWv ""FIvkn-Po-knkv'' (B-£. ""]pd-tØ°p \bn-°pI;'' `mjyw/hymJym\w ˛ae-

bmfw) F∂ ]Zw \ap°v e`n®ncn°p∂Xv. tbiphns‚ {][m\ ZuXyßfnsem∂v ]nXmhns\ shfns∏Sp

ØpI F∂Xmbncp∂p (H. t\m tbml. 14:7˛10; F{_m. 1:2˛3). tbiphns\ ImWp∂Xpw Adnbp∂Xpw

]nXmhns\ ImWp∂Xpw Adnbp∂Xpambncp∂p (]m]nIsf kvt\ln°p∂Xv, _elo\sc klmbn°p∂Xv,

{`jvSsc kzoIcn°p∂Xv, kv{XoIsfbpw Ip´nIsfbpw ssIs°m≈p∂Xv).

{Ko°n¬ Cu ]Zw D]tbmKn®ncp∂Xv Hcp ktμisØtbm, kz]v\sØtbm, hN-\sØtbm hymJym

\n°p∂hsc∏‰n ]dbp∂Xn\mbncp∂p. sblqZ∑m¿°pw PmXnIƒ°pw {]tXyI A¿∞ap≈ Hcp hm°v

ChnsS tbml∂m≥ ho≠pw D]tbmKn°p∂p (hm. 1 se temtKmkv t]mse). BapJ {]kvXm-h\sIm≠v

sblqZs\bpw bh\s\bpw XΩn¬ _‘s∏SpØphm\mWv tbml∂m≥ {ian°p∂Xv. Cu hm°n\¿∞w:

1. sblqZ∑msc kw_-‘n®v \ymb{]amWw hniZoIcn°p∂h≥/hymJym\n°p∂h≥

2. bh\∑msc kw_-‘n®v ssZhßsf hniZoIcn°p∂h≥/hymJym\n°p∂h≥

tbiphn¬, tbiphn¬ am{Xw a\pjy≥ ]nXmhns\ ]q¿Æambn ImWpIbpw a\ nem°pIbpw sNøp∂p.

N¿®bv°p≈ tNmZyßƒ




hymJym-Xm-hns\ `c-taev]n°-cp-Xv.

N¿®bv°p≈ tNmZyßƒ e`yam°nbncn°p∂Xv {KŸØnse Cu mKØp≈ {][m\s∏´ hnjbßsf

∏‰n Nn¥n°p∂Xn\v \nßsf klmbn°m\mWv. Ch sIm≠pt±in°p∂Xv IrXy-X-bp-≈-h-cm-bncn°phm\√

]ns∂tbm Nn¥sb DtØPn∏n°pI F∂-Xm-Wv.

1. temtKmkv F∂ ]ZsØbpw AXns‚ aX]chpw atXXchpw thZ]pkvXI]chpamb D]tbmKßsf

bpw \n¿ΔNn°pI.

2. tbiphns‚ ]q¿Δm-kvXnIy∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw hfsc {][m\s∏´Xmbncn°p∂sX¥psIm≠v?

3. c£bn¬ a\pjyh¿§Øns‚ ]s¶¥mWv? Fßs\bmWv Hcph≥ tbiphns\ kzoIcn°p∂Xv?

4. hN\w PUambnØotc≠Xv A\nhmcyambncp∂sX¥psIm≠v?

5. Cu thZ`mKØns‚ cq]tcJ Xøm-dm-°p-∂Xv _p≤n-ap-t -dnbXmbncn°p∂sX¥psIm≠v?

6. tbiphns\∏‰n hnhcn°phm≥ D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂ hnhn[ ssZhimkv{X kXyßfpsS ]´nI Xømdm

°pI (Ipd™Xv 8 FÆw)

7. F¥psIm≠mWv hm. 18 hfsc {][m\s∏´Xmbncn°p∂Xv?

28

hm. 19˛51 s‚ ]›mØe Dƒ°mgvNIƒA. kv\m]I tbml∂ms\ kw_‘n®p≈ Cu thZ`mKw BZnak`bnse c≠v sX‰n≤mcWIsf ssIIm

cyw sNøp∂p.

1. tbml∂m≥ kv\m]Is\ Np‰n∏‰n Db¿∂p h∂Xpw hm. 6˛9,20,21, 23; 3:22˛36 ¬ N¿®-

sNøs∏SpIbpw sNbvXXv.

2. {InkvXphns‚ BfXzsØ kw_-‘n-®p≈Xpw hm. 32˛34 ¬ ssIImcyw sNøs∏´ncn°p∂Xpw.

Kvt\mÃnknkØns‚ CtX Zpcp-]-tZisØ 1 tbml. 1 ¬ B-{I-an-®n- p≠v. 1 tbml∂m≥ Hcp

]s£ tbml∂ms‚ kphntijsØ ]cn-N-bs∏SpØn-s°m-≠p≈ Ipdn-∏m-bncn°mw.

B. tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I\mep≈ tbiphns‚ kv\m\w kw_‘n®v tbml∂ms‚ kphntijw \ni

_vZX ]men°p∂p. tbiphns‚ PohnXsØ∏‰nbp≈ tbml∂ms‚ hnhcWØn¬ k`bpsS IqZm-

iIfmb kv\m\w, I¿Ørtai F∂nh {it≤bamw hn[w Hgn-hm-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p. Cu Hgnhm°en\v

km[yXbp≈ Ipd-™Xp c≠v ImcWßƒ D≠v:

1. BZna k`bn¬ hnip≤IqZm-i-bpsS Db¿®, {InkvXym\nXzØns‚ Cu LSIØn\v Du∂¬

\¬Im Xncn°m≥ tbml∂ms\ t{]cn∏n®p. Xs‚ kphntijw {i≤ tI{μo-Icn°p∂Xv

BNmcØne√ _‘ØnemWv. kv\m\w, I¿Ørtai F∂o c≠v IqZm-i-Isf∏‰n Xm≥ N¿®

sNøpItbm Ah sb tcJs∏SpØpItbm sNøp∂n√. hfsc {]Xo£n® H∂ns‚ Akm∂n[yw

hfscb[nIw {i≤n-°pw.

2. a‰p kphntij cN-bn-Xm-°ƒ°v hf-sc-°m-e-Øn\p tijambn FgpXp∂ tbml∂m≥, Ah¿°v

Hcp A\p_‘ambmWv {InkvXphns‚ PohnXsØ∏‰nbp≈ Xs‚ hnhcWw D]tbmKn°p∂Xv.

kaho£W kphntijßsf√mw Cu IqZm-i-Isf Dƒs∏Sp-Øn-bn-cn°p∂Xn\m¬ tbml∂m≥

CXns\ Np‰n∏‰nbp≈ kw`hßsf°pdn®p≈ A[nI hnhcßƒ am{Xta \¬Ip∂p≈q. HcpZml

cWw, amfnIapdnbn¬ \S∂ kw`hßfpw kw`m-j-W-ßfpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw bYm¿∞

AØmgsØ°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂-tXbn√ (A[ymbßƒ 13˛17).

c. Cu hnhcWØn¬ Du∂¬ sImSp°p∂Xv tbiphns‚ BfXzsØ∏‰nbp≈ tbml∂m≥

kv\m]Is‚ km£yØn\mWv. tbml∂m≥ Xmsg°mWp∂ {InkvXpimkv{X]camb {]kvXmh\

Iƒ \SØp∂p.

1. tbip ssZhØns‚ Ip™mSmWv (hm. 29). tbip-hn-\p≈ Cu t]cv ChnsSbpw shfn∏mSp]pkvX-

I-Øn-epw am{Xta D]tbmKn®n´p≈p

2. tbip ]q¿Δm-kvXn-Iy-ap-≈-h\mbncp∂p (hm. 30)

3. tbip ]cnip≤mflmhns\ hmßn \¬Ip∂h\mWv (hm. 33)

4. tbip ssZh]p{X\mWv (hm. 34)

D. tbiphns‚ BfXzsØbpw {]hrØnsbbpw ]‰nbp≈ kXyßƒ hnI-kn-X-ambXv Xmsg∏dbp∂hcp

sS hy‡n]camb km£yØneqsSbmWv:

1. tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I≥

2. As{¥bmkpw intam\pw

3. ^nens∏mkpw \Y\tbepw

kphntijØnepS\ofw ImWp∂ Hcp km[mcW kmlnXyk{ºZmbambnØo¿∂p. tbiphns\

∏‰nbp≈tXm, tbiphnt\mSpIqsSbp≈tXm Bb Ccp]Øntbgv kw`mjWßtfm km£yßtfm

ImWmw.-

]Z, ssien- ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 1:19˛2319\o B¿ F∂p tbml∂mt\mSp tNmZnt°≠Xn∂p sblqZ∑m¿ sbcqitean¬\n∂p

]ptcmlnX∑mscbpw tehyscbpw Ahs‚ ASp°¬ Ab®t∏mƒ Ahs‚ km£yw Fs¥∂m¬:20""Rm≥ {InkvXp A√'' F∂p G‰p ]d™p 21]ns∂ F¥v? \o Genbmthm? F∂p Ah-t\mSp

tNmZn-®-Xn∂p: A√ F∂p ]d-™p. \o B {]hmNIt\m? F∂-Xn∂p: A√ F∂p Ah≥ DØcw

]d™p. 22Ah¿ Aht\mSp: \o BcmIp∂p? Rßsf Ab®htcmSp DØcw ]dtb≠Xn∂p \o

\ns∂°pdn®p Xt∂ F¥p]dbp∂p? F∂p tNmZn-®p. 23AXn∂p Ah≥: ""sbiøm{]hmNI≥

]d™Xpt]mse I¿Ømhns‚ hgn t\sc B°phn≥ F∂p acp- q-an-bn¬ hnfn®p]dbp∂hs‚

i_vZw Rm≥ BIp∂p F∂p ]d-™p.

29

1:19 ""sblqZ∑m¿'' tbml∂m\n¬ CXv kqNn∏n°p∂Xv (1) tbiphnt\mSv i{XpXbp≈ sblqZybnse

P\ßsftbm (2) sblqZ aXt\Xm°sftbm am{XamWv (H. t\m. 2:18; 5:10; 7:13; 9:22; 12:42; 18:12; 19:38; 20:19).

Hcp sblqZ≥ a‰p sblqZ∑msc∏‰n C{]Imcw Bt£]Icambn kwkmcn°pambncp∂n√ F∂mWv Nne

]finX∑m¿ ]dbp∂Xv. F∂ncp∂mepw F.Un. 90 se Pmav\nb Iu¨knen\ptijw {InkvXym\nXzØns\

Xncmbp≈ sblqZ∑mcpsS FXn¿∏v cq£ambnØo¿∂p.

sblqZmtKm{XØn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcph≥ F∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv ""sblqZ≥'' F∂ hm°v ASn-ÿm-\-]-

c-ambn D≠mbXv. _n. kn. 922 ¬ ]{¥≠v tKm{Xßƒ ]ncn-™Xn\ptijw sX°p `mKØp≈ aq∂p

tKm{Xßƒ°v sblqZm F∂ t]cp e`n®p. bn{kmtb¬, sblqZm F∂o c≠p cmPy-ßfpw {]hmkØnte

°p t]msb¶nepw hf-sc- Ip-d-®p-t]¿, IqSp-Xepw sblqZbn¬\n-∂p-≈-h¿, _n. kn. 538 se tImsc-ins‚

hnfw-_-c-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v aS-ßn-h∂p. XpS¿∂v ]mekvXn\nepw saUn-‰-td-\n-b≥ {]tZ-i-ß-fnepw NnXdn∏m¿

Øncp∂ bmt°m_ns‚ k¥XnIsf sblq-Z≥ F∂p hnfn-°m-\m-cw- n-®p.

tbml∂m\n¬ Cu ]Zw an°hmdpw \ntj[mflIamWv, F¶nepw AXns‚ km[mcW D]tbmKw 2:6

epw 4:22 epw ImWmw.

� ""]ptcmlnX∑mcpw tehycpw'' tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I≥ ]utcmlnXy IpSpw-_mw-Kambncp∂p F∂p

hy‡-amWv (H. t\m. eqs°m. 1:5 apX¬). CXv tbml∂ms‚ kphntijØnse ""tehy¿'' F∂ GI

]Z{]tbmKamWv. Ah¿ ssZhmebØnse ]S-bm-fn-Iƒ Bbncn°m≥ CSbp≠v. Ch¿ sbcpiteanse

aXm[nImcnIfm¬ Abbv°s∏´ ""kXymt\zjnIfpsS'' HutZymKnIkwLambncp∂p (H. t\m. hm. 24).

]ptcmlnX∑mcpw tehy∑mcpw s]mXpsh kZqIycpw imkv{Xn-am¿ ]co-i-∑m-cp-am-bn-cp∂p (H. t\m. hm. 24).

tbml∂m≥ kv\m]Is\ tNmZyw sNøp∂Xn¬ Cu c≠v I£nIfpw Dƒs∏ńcp∂p. tbiphns\bpw Ahs‚

A\pbmbnIsfbpw FXn¿°p∂Xn\mbn cmjv{Sobhpw aX]chpamb FXncmfnIƒ kwLw -tN¿∂p.

� ""\o B¿'' 8:25 ¬ tbiphnt\mSpw CtX tNmZyw tNmZn°p∂p. tbml∂ms‚bpw tbiphns‚bpw

]Tn∏n°ens‚bpw {]hrØnIfpsSbpw coXn HutZymKnI t\Xm°sf Akzÿcm°n. ImcWw Ah¿

Ccphcnepw ]gb\nbaØnse Nne A¥yIme imkv{Xkw_-‘n-bmb Bibßfpw ssienIfpw Dƒs°m-

≠n-cp-∂-Xmbn Ah¿ Xncn®dn™p. AXn\m¬, Cu tNmZyw sblqZ∑mcpsS A¥yIme ]pXpbpK hy‡n

sb°p-dn-®p≈ {]Xo£bpambn _‘s∏ńcn°p∂p.

1:20 ""Ah≥ adp°msX G‰p ]d™p'' Cu {]kvXmh\ Xm≥ hmKvZØ ainlm ({InkvXp) A√ F∂Xns\

°pdn-®p≈ aq∂p-hn[ adp-Øp-]-d-b-em-Wv. 9:22 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ""G‰p-]-d-®n¬'' ImWp-I.

� ""{InkvXp'' ""{InkvXp'' F∂Xv ""A`njn‡≥'' F∂¿∞ap≈ ""aknbmlv'' F∂ F{_mb]ZØns‚

{Ko°v ]cn`mjbmWv. ]gb\nbaØn¬ A`ntjIw sNø¬ F∂ Bibw, Hcp {]tXyI ZuXyØn\mbp≈

ssZh-Øns‚ hnfnsbbpw k÷-am°-en-s\bpw Du∂n∏dbp∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp coXn-bm-Wv. cmPm°∑mcpw

]ptcmlnX ∑mcpw {]hmNI∑mcpw A`ntjIw sNøs∏ńcp∂p. CXv \oXnbpsS ]pXnb bpKw

\S∏nemt°≠h\mb {]tXyI hy‡n-bpambn CXns\ XmZmflyw sNbvXncp-∂p. tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I\mWv

hmKvZØ ainlm F∂v ]ecpw Nn¥n®p (H. t\m. eqs°m. 3:15), ImcWw GItZiw \m\qdv

h¿jßƒ°ptijw BZy-ambn btlmhbpsS Bfl-\n-th-inX h‡mhmbn h∂-h-\mbn-cp∂p Ah≥.

Cu L -Øn¬ ""ainlm''sb kw_‘n®v Zm\o. 9:26 ¬ \n∂pap≈ Fs‚ A`n{]mbßƒ Dƒs∏SpØphm≥

Rm≥ XmXv]cys∏Sp∂p.

Zm\ntb¬ 9:26

NASB ""ainl''

NKJV ""ainl''

NRSV ""A`njn‡≥''

TEV ""ssZhØns‚ sXcs™Sp°s∏´ \mbI≥''

NJB ""Hcp A`njn‡≥''

Cu hmIyw hymJym\n°p∂Xn\p≈ {]bmkØn\p ImcWw ainlm AYhm A`njn‡t\mSp _‘-

s∏ v \ne-\n∂n-cp∂ hyXykvX A¿∞ßfmWv (BDB 603):1. sblqZcmPm°∑m¿°v D]tbmKn®p (DZm. 1 iaq. 2:10; 12:3)

2. sblqZ ]ptcmlnX∑m¿°v D]tbmKn®p (DZm. tehy. 4:3, 5)

3. tImscin\v D]tbmKn®p (DZm. sbi. 45:1)

4. #1-, #2 F∂nh k¶o. 110 epw skJ. 4 epw Hcp-an®p h∂ncn°p∂p

5. \oXnbpsS ]pXnbbpKw ÿm]n°phm\p≈ ssZhØns‚ {]tXyI ZmhoZy cmPmhns\ kqNn∏n°phm≥

a. sblqZm hwiw (Hm. t\m. Dev]. 49:10)

b. bn»mbn Krlw (Hm. t\m. 2 iaq. 7)

c. km¿Δ-eu-InI `cWw (Hm. t\m. k¶o. 2; sbi. 9:6; 11:1˛5; aoJm 5:1˛4 apX¬)

30

Xmsgs°mSpØncn°p∂ ImcWßfm¬ ""A`njn‡≥'' \kdb\mb tbiphmsW∂p Rm≥ hy‡n]c

ambn hnizkn°p∂p.

1. B[ym-bw 2˛¬, \memw km{amPyImeØv ÿm]n-X-am-Ip∂ \nXycmPysØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØp∂p

2. 7:13 ¬ \nXy-cm-PXzw \evI-s∏-Sp∂ ""Hcp a\pjy]p{Xs\'' Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂p

3. hoWp-t]mb temI Ncn{XØns‚ A¥yØnte°p hnc¬Nq≠p∂ 9:24 se hos≠-Sp-∏n≥ kqN\

4. ]pXnb\nbaØn¬ tbip Zm\otbens‚ ]pkvXIw D]tbmKn°p∂Xv (Hm. t\m. aØm. 24:15; a¿s°m.

13:14).

1:21 ""]ns∂ F¥v? \o Genbmthm?'' Genbmhv acn®n√, ]ns∂tbm Hcp Npgen°m‰n¬ kz¿§Ønte°v

FSp°s∏´XpsIm≠v (H. t\m. 2 cmPm. 2:1) Xm≥ ainlmbv°p apºmbn hcpsa∂v {]Xo£n°s∏´ncp∂p

(aem. 3:1; 4:5). tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I\v Geobmhnt\mSv ImgvNbv°pw {]hr-Øn-bnepw hfsc kmay-ap-≠m-

bn-cp∂p (H. t\m. skJ. 13:4).

� ""A√ F∂p ]d-™p'' Geobmhns‚ A¥yIme ip{iq-jbn¬ X\n°p ]¶ps≠∂v tbml∂m≥

kv\m]I≥ Icp-Xn-bn√, F∂m¬ Ah≥ aemJn {]hN\Øns‚ \nhrØn F∂-hn[w {]h¿Øn-°p∂Xmbn

tbip I≠p (Hm. t\m. aØm. 11:14; 17:12).

� ""\o B {]hmNIt\m?'' X\n°ptijw Xs∂t∏mse Hcph≥ (Ahs\ ""{]hmNI≥'' F∂p tamsi

hnfn®p) hcpsa∂v tamsi {]hNn®p (Hm. t\m. Bh. 18:15,18; tbml. 1:25; 6:14; 7:40; {]hr. 3:22˛23; 7:37).

]pXnb\nbaØn¬ c≠v hyXykvX hn[ßfn¬ Cu ]Zw D]tbmKn®ncp∂p: (1) ainlmbn¬ \n∂pw

hyXykvX\mb Hcp A¥yIme hy‡n (Hm. t\m. 7:40˛41), AYhm (2) ainlm F∂v A\p-am-\n-°m-hp∂

Hcp hy‡n-Xzw (Hm. t\m. As∏m. {]hr. 3:22).

1:23 ""acp`qanbn¬ hnfn®p]dbp∂hs‚ i_vZw Rm≥ BIp∂p'' CXv sbi. 40:3 s‚ sk]v‰z-Pn‚ v

X¿÷abn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp D≤cWnbmWv. aemJn 3:1 se kam-¥c thZ- m-KsØ°p-dn-®p≈ kqN-\bpw

CXn-ep-≠v.

� ""I¿Ømhns‚ hgn t\sc B°phn≥'' ZmkKoXw (H. t\m. 42:1˛9; 49:1˛7; 50:4˛11; 52:13-˛53:12)

ImWs∏Sp∂Xmb sbiømhnse kmlnXy kaqlØn¬ \n∂pap≈ (A[ym. 40˛54) Hcp D≤cWnbmWnXv

(sbi. 40:3). Ah Bcw`Øn¬ bn{kmtbens\∏‰n ]cam¿in°p∂-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw 52:13˛53:12 ¬

ssien hy‡nKXam°s∏´p. cmPIob kμ¿i\Øn\p th≠n ]mX Hcp-°p-∂-Xn-\mWv hgn t\sc B°pI

F∂ Bibw D]tbmKn°s∏´Xv. ""t\sc B°pI'' F∂ ]ZØn\v ""\oXn'' F∂ ]ZØns‚ hypXv]Øn

bpambn _‘ap≠v. 1 tbml. 2:29 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWpI.

tbml∂m≥ kv\m]Is\ XßfpsS Bflob t\Xmhmbn AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v H∂mw \q‰m≠n¬

At\I Zpcp-]-tZi {]ÿm-\-ßƒ cq]w-sIm-≠Xns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ tbml∂m≥ kv\m]Is‚ hne Ipd

bv°pI F∂ As∏mkvXe\mb tbml∂ms‚ sZhimkv{X]camb e£yw Cu thZ- mKw \nd-th-‰nbncn

°Ww.

tbml-∂m≥ 1:24˛2824Ab°s∏´h¿ ]co-i-∑m-cpsS Iq´-Ønep≈-h¿ Bbncp∂p. 25F∂m¬ \o {InkvXph√,

Geobmh√, B {]hmNI\pw A√ F∂p hcnIn¬ \o kv\m\w Ign∏n°p∂Xp F¥p F∂p

Ah¿ tNmZn®p. 26AXn∂p tbml∂m≥: Rm≥ sh≈Øn¬ kv\m\w Ign∏n°p∂p; F∂m¬ \nßƒ

AdnbmØ HcpØ≥ \nßfpsS CSbn¬ \nev°p∂p≠p; 27Fs‚ ]n∂mse hcp∂h≥ Xt∂; Ahs‚

sNcn∏ns‚ hmdv Agn∏m≥ Rm≥ tbmKy≥ A√ F∂p DØcw ]d™p; 28CXp tbm¿±m-∂-°sc

tbml∂m≥ kv\m\w Ign∏n®psIm≠ncp∂ t_Ym\ybn¬ kw`hn®p.

1:24 ""Abbv°s∏´h¿ ]co-i-∑m-cpsS Iq -Øn¬ D≈-h¿ Bbncp∂p'' CXv Zp¿{K-l-amb Hcp thZ`mK

amWv. CXn\¿∞w (1) ]coi∑m¿ tbml∂ms\ tNmZyw sNbvX-hsc Abs®t∂m (Hm. t\m. hm. 19.), As√-

¶n¬ (2) tNmZyI¿Øm°ƒ ]coi∑mcmWv Ft∂m BWv. an° ]ptcmlnX∑mcpw kZqIycmWv F∂

hkvXp-X-bpsS shfn®Øn¬ c≠m-a-tØXv Akm[mcWamb ImcyamWv (Hm. t\m. hm. 9). CsXmcp-]t£

19˛mw hmIyØn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-cmb as‰mcp hn`mKØns\ kqNn∏n°p∂XmImw.

{]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: ]coi∑m¿I. Cu ]ZØns‚ Dev]Øn Xmsgs°mSpØncn°p∂hbn¬ H∂mImw:

A. ""th¿s]-´hcmbn-cn-°p-I.'' a°m_nb≥ ImeL´ØnemWv Cu hn`mKw cq]w sIm≠-Xv.

(CXmWv G‰hpw ]cs° AwKo-I-cn°s∏´ ho£Ww).

31

B. ""hn`Pn°pI.'' CtX F{_mb aqe]ZØns‚ as‰mcp A¿∞amWnXv. CXn\¿∞w hymJymXmhv

F∂msW∂v Nne¿ ]dbp∂p (Hm. t\m. 2 Xnsam. 2:15).

C. ""t]¿jy≥.'' AtX Acmay aqe]ZØns‚ as‰mc¿∞amWnXv. ]coi∑mcpsS Nne D]tZißƒ

°v t]¿jy≥ kucmjv{Snb ZzμhmZhpambn hfsc kmayap≠v.

II. Ch¿ cq]w-sIm-≠Xv a°m_nb≥ ImeL´Øn¬ lmknUnw (`‡nbp≈h¿) F∂ ]Z-Øn¬ \n∂p

amWv. A¥ntbm°kv IV F∏n^m\knt\mSp≈ {Ko°v {]XnkwkvImcØns\-Xn-cmb FXn¿∏n¬

\n∂pw Ft \ysct∏mep≈ A\h[n hn`mKßƒ cq]wsIm≠p. sPmko^kns‚ B‚n-Izn-‰okv

Hm v Pyqkn¬ (8.5.1˛3) BZyambn ]cma¿in®ncn°p∂Xv ]co-i-∑m-sc-bm-Wv.

III. AhcpsS {][m\ D]tZißƒ

A. hcm\n-cn-°p∂ ainlmbnep≈ hnizmkw. 1 lmt\m°vt]msebp≈ AIm-t\m-\nI sblqZy

shfn-∏mSv kmlnXyØns‚ kzm[o\amWv Cu hnizm-k-Øn-\m-[m-cw.

B. ssZ\wZn\ PohnXØn¬ kPo-h-ambn {]h¿Øn°p∂ ssZhw. CXv kZqIyNn¥-bn¬\n∂pw

t\sc hn]coXambncp∂p. ]coi∑mcpsS an° D]tZißfpw kZqIycpsS D]tZißfpsS ssZh-

im-kv{X-]-c-amb FXn¿ Nn¥-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p.

C. `qan-bnse PohnXØns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ ac-Wm-\-¥c imco-cnI PohnXw. AXn¬ {]Xn-

^ehpw in£bpw Dƒs°m≠ncn°p∂p (H. t\m. Zm\o. 12:2).

D. ]gb\nbaØns‚bpw hmsamgn ]mc-º-cy-Øn-s‚-bpw (X¬aq-Zv) B[nImcnI-X. d∫namcm¬

(bmYmÿnXnI\mb jΩmbnbpw DXv]-Xn-jvWp-hmb lnt√epw) hymJym\n°s∏´pw {]mh¿Øn

Iam°s∏´pw sIm≠ncp∂ ssZhØns‚ ]gb\nba \ymb-{]-amWw A\pkcn°p∂Xn¬ Ah¿

t_m[hm∑mcmbncp∂p. c∫n-am-cpsS hymJym\w ASn-ÿm-\-s∏´n-cp-∂Xv, bmYm-ÿn-Xn-Ihpw DXv]-

Xn-jvWp-]-c-hp-amb c≠p XXz-kw-ln-X-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ kwhm-Z-Ønembn-cp-∂p. Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-

I-fpsS A¿∞w kw_-‘n-®p≈ hmbvsamgn N¿®-Iƒ c≠p cq]-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-SpØn: _m_n-

tem-Wn-b≥ X¬aqZpw A]q¿Æ-amb ]me-kvXo-\n-b≥ X¬aq-Zpw. ko\mbv ]¿h-X-Øn¬sh®v

tamsi°v Cu hmbvsamgn hymJym-\-ßƒ e`n®p F∂-h¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Cu kwhm-Z-ß-f-

DsS Ncn-{X-]-c-amb XpS°w F{km-bnepw ""alm-kn-\-tKm-Knse'' (]n-ev°m-eØv k≥sl-{Zo≥

F∂p hnfn-°-s∏- p) AwK-ß-fnepw Bcw- n-®p.

E. hfsc hnImkw {]m]n® ZqXimkv{Xw. CXv \√hcpw ZpjvS-∑mcpamb BflobPohnIsf Ipdn-

®p-≈-Xm-Wv. CXv t]¿jy≥ ZzμzhmZØn¬ \n∂pw thZ]pkvXtIXc sblqZ kmlnXyØn¬

\n∂pamWv hnImkw {]m]n-®Xv.

1:25 ""\o kv\m\w Ign∏n°p∂Xv F¥v'' BZna sblqZm aXØn¬, sblqZaXØnte°p ]cnh¿Ø\w

sNøphm≥ B{Kln°p∂ PmXnIsf kv\m\s∏Sp-ØpI km[mcWambncp∂p. F∂m¬ sblq-Z-∑m¿ kv\m\-

ta-ev°pI F∂Xv XnI®pw Akm-[m-c-W-am-bn-cp∂p (Ip{am\nse sblqZ hn`mKw kzbw kv\m\w

A\ph¿Øn°pIbpw ssZhm-eb Bcm[\°m¿ ssZhmebØn¬ {]th-in-°pw-apºv tZlw Igp-Ip-Ibpw

sNbvXncp∂p). sbi. 52:15; sbsl. 36:25; skJ. 13:1 ¬ \n∂pap≈ ainsslI kqN-\-I-fmImw Cu hmIy-

Øns‚ ASn-ÿ-B-\w.

� ""{InkvXph√, Geobmh√, {]hmNI\pa√'' NmhpIS¬ NpcpfpIfpsS shfn®Øn¬ Cu aq∂p hy‡n-

Iƒ, aq∂v ain-sslI hy‡nXzßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p≈ Ft \y ho£WsØ {]Xn\n[oIcn°p∂psh

∂Xv ckIcamWv. {InkvXphns‚ c≠mw hchn\p apºv Geobmhv imcocnIambn hcpsa∂v Nne BZna

k`mt\Xm°ƒ hnizkn®ncp∂psh∂Xpw ckIcamWv (Hm. t\m. {IntkmÃw, sPtdmw, {KnKdn, AKÃn≥).

� ""F∂phcnIn¬'' teJIs‚ ho£WØn¬ icn-bm-btXm As√-¶n¬ cN-\bv°p klm-b-I-c-amb coXn-

bntem tN¿Ø-Xm-Wn-Xv.

1:26 ""Rm≥ sh≈Øn¬ kv\m\w Ign∏n°p∂p'' ""C¬'' (in) F∂ KXn°v ""sIm≠v'' (with) F∂pw

A¿∞w hcmw. GXp sXscs™SpØmepw Bflm-hns\ kw_-‘n-®v 33˛mw hmIyØnep≈ {]kvXm-h-

\bv°v tbmPn-®-Xm-bn-cn-t°Ww F∂p am{Xw.

� ""F∂m¬ ... HcpØ≥ \nßfpsS CSbn¬ \nev°p∂p≠p'' ""\n¬°p∂p'' F∂ {InbbpsS ImetØmSv

_‘s∏´ \nch[n ]mT-t -Z-ßfp≠v. UBS4 ]q¿Æ`qXImeØn\v B td‰v \¬Ip∂p (an°hmdpw Dd∏mbXv).

]q¿Æ`qXImew tbml∂ms‚ Hcp {]tXyIXbmsW∂pw AXn-\m¬ CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ""\nß-

fpsS CS-bn¬ Nph-Sp-d-∏n® Hcp-h≥ D≠v'' F∂mWv Cu ssien-bpsS A¿∞-sa∂pw _qkv Fw. sa‰vkvK¿

]dbp∂p (t]Pv 119).

32

1:27 ""Ahs‚ sNcn∏ns‚ hmdv Agn∏m≥ Rm≥ tbmKy≥ A√'' bPam\≥ hoń¬ {]thin°pwapºv

At±lØns‚ sNcn∏ns‚ hm¿ Agn°p∂ Hcp ASnabpsS tPmensbbmWv CXp kqNn∏n°p∂Xv (Hcp

ASnabv°p sNøphm≥ Ign™ncp∂ G‰hpw Xmgv∂Xpw lo\hpamb tPmenbmbn-cp∂p CXv). d∫n aXw

]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂Xv d∫nbpsS injy≥ Ahs‚ sNcn∏p hm¿ Agn°p∂sXmgnsI Hcp ASna sNøp∂ F√m

tPmenbpw sNøphm≥ k∂≤\mbncn°Ww F∂mbncp∂p. sNcn∏v Agn°p∂Xns\∏‰nbpw Ah kq£n-

°p∂ ÿetØ°v sIm≠pt]mIp∂Xns\∏‰nbpw ChnsS kqN\bp≠v. CXv Xo{hamb FfnabpsS Hcp

ZrjvSm¥amWv.

1:28 ""t_Ym\y'' InwKv Pbnwkv th¿j\n¬ ChnsS ""s_Y_md'' (Isø-gp-Øp-{]-Xn-I-fmb a2, C2) F∂mWp

sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXns‚ ImcWw Cu ÿm\sØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ HmdnKs‚ sX‰mb \nK-a-\sØ

(ÿe\maØns‚ Be-¶m-cnI hymJym\w) sI.Pn.hn. ]cn`mj°m¿ B{ibn®p-t]m-b-XmWv. icnbmbn

hmbnt°≠Xv t_Ym\y F∂mWv (t_mUvsa≥ ]m∏ndkv, P66) ˛ sbcpitean\p sX°pIng°p≈ ÿe-

a√ (Hm. t\m. 11:18), ]ns∂tbm sbcotlmhn\v A°sc, tbm¿±≥ \Zn°v A°scbp≈ (Ings° Xocw)

ÿew.

tbml-∂m≥ 1:29˛3429]ns‰∂mƒ tbip Xs‚ ASp°¬ hcp∂Xp Ah≥ I≠n´p; CXm, temIØns‚ ]m]w

Npa°p∂ ssZhØns‚ Ip™mSp: 30Fs‚ ]n∂mse Hcp ]pcpj≥ hcp∂p; Ah≥ F\n°p apsº

D≠mbncp∂Xp sIm≠p F\n°p apº\mbn Xo¿∂p F∂p Rm≥ ]d™h≥ Ch≥ Xt∂. 31Rmt\m

Ahs\ Adn™n√; F¶nepw Ah≥ bn{kmtben∂p shfns∏tS≠Xn∂p Rm≥ sh≈Øn¬

kv\m\w Ign∏n∏m≥ h∂ncn°p∂p F∂p ]d™p. 32tbml∂m≥ ]ns∂bpw km£yw ]d™Xp:

Bflmhp Hcp {]mhpt]mse kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p Cdßnhcp∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p; AXp Ahs‚ta¬

hkn®p. 33Rmt\m Ahs\ Adn™n√; F¶nepw sh≈Øn¬ kv\m\w Ign∏n∏m≥ Fs∂ Ab®

h≥ Ft∂mSp: BcpsSta¬ Bflmhp Cdßp∂Xpw hkn°p∂Xpw \o ImWptam Ah≥ ]cnip≤m

flmhn¬ kv\m\w Ign∏n°p∂h≥ BIp∂p F∂p ]d™p. 34Aßs\ Rm≥ ImWpIbpw; Ch≥

ssZh]p{X≥ Xt∂ F∂p km£yw ]dIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p.

1:29 ""CXm ssZhØns‚ Ip™mSv'' s]klm s]cp-∂mƒ hnZqca√mbncp∂p (H. t\m. 2:13). AXpsIm≠v

CXv an{kboan¬ \n∂pap≈ hnSpXens\ (AXmbXv c£, H. t\m. ]pd. 12) kqNn∏n°p∂ s]kl

Ip™mSns\∏‰nbp≈ ]cma¿iambncn°m\mWp km[y-X. s]klIp™mSv sIm√s∏´ AtX s]kl

Zn\Øn¬ (AXmbXv Hcp°Øns‚ Zn\w) Xs∂ tbml∂m≥ tbiphns‚ acWsØ ÿm]n°p∂p. F∂ncp

∂mepw CXp kw_-‘n®v a‰v hymJym\ßƒ D≠mbn´p≠v:

1. CXv sbi. 53:7 se IjvSw A\p`hn°p∂ Zmks\ kqNn∏n°p∂Xn\mbncn°mw

2. CXv Dev]. 22:8 se Imń¬ Ipcp-ßn°nS∂ arKsØ kqNn∏n°p∂Xmbncn°mw

3. CXv ""\nc-¥cw'' F∂p hnfn-°p∂ ssZhmebØnse Znhtk\bp≈ bmKsØ kqNn∏n°p∂

Xmbncn°mw (H. t\m. ]pd. 29:38˛46).

IrXyambn F¥n-t\mSp _‘-s∏- n-cp-∂mepw Ip™mSv Abbv°s∏´Xv Hcp bmK]camb e£yØn\p

th≠nbmbncp∂p (H. t\m. a¿s°m. 10:45).

tbiphns‚ _enacWsØ kqNn∏n°p∂Xn\mbp≈ Cu i‡amb ZrjvSm¥w ]usemkv Hcn°epw

D]tbmKn®nń√. F∂pam{Xa√, tbml∂m\pw hncfambn am{XamWv D]tbmKn®n´p≈Xv (H. t\m. 1:29,36;

{]hr. 8:32; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:19 IqsS ImWpI). {Ko°v ]Zw Hcp ""sNdnb Bń≥Ipń''sb kqNn∏n°p∂Xn\p

≈XmWv (bmKarKØns‚ km[mcW {]mbw Hcp hb mWv). tbml∂m≥ 21:15 epw shfn∏mSv ]pkvX-I-

Øn¬ 28 ÿe-ß-fnepw hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp ]Z-amWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.

tbml-∂m-s‚ kmZy-iy-Øn\v as‰mcp km[y-X-Iq-sS-bp≠v: CS-°m-e kmln-Xy-Ønepw shfn-∏mSv kmln-

Xy-Ønepw ""Ip™mSv'' hnP-bm-fn-bmb t]mcm-fn-bm-Wv. bmKhnjbw D≈-t∏mƒ Xs∂, Ip™mSv A¥y-

Ime \ymbm-[n-]XnbmWv F∂ Nn¥ ap∂n´p \n¬°p∂p (H. t\m. shfn. 5:5˛6,12- 13).

� ""temIØns‚ ]m]w Npa°p∂'' ""Npa°pI'' F∂]ZØn\v ""Gs‰-SpØv Zqtc°p Npa-∂p-sIm≠p

t]mIpI'' F∂ A¿∞amWp-≈Xv. Cu {Inb tehy. 16 se Ak-t en\p≈ B´psIm‰≥ (_-en-bm-Sv)

F∂ Bi-b-tØmSv hfsc kam\Xbp≈XmWv. temIØns‚ ]m]w ]cm-a¿in®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Ip™mSns‚

ZuXyØns‚ km¿Δ{XnI kz`m-hsØ ]cma¿in°p∂p (H. t\m. hm. 9, 3:16; 4:42; 1 Xnsam. 2:4; 4:10; XosØm.

2:11; 2 ]s{Xm. 3:9; 1 tbml. 2:1; 4:14). ]m]w _lphN\a√, GIhN\amsW∂Xp {i≤n°pI. tbip

temIØns‚ ""]m]'' {]iv\sØ ssIImcyw sNbvXncn°p∂p.

1:30 ""Ah≥ F\n°p aptº D≠mbncp∂Xp sIm≠v'' CXv 15˛mw hmIyØnse Du∂ens‚ Bh¿Ø\amWv.

CXv ainlmbpsS ]q¿Δm-kvXnIyØns‚bpw ssZhXzØns‚bpw as‰mcp Du∂n∏dbemWv (H. t\m. tbml.

33

1:1,15; 8:58; 16:28; 17:5,24; 2 sImcn. 8:9; ^nen. 2:6˛7; sImsem. 1:17; F{_m. 1:3).

1:31 ""F¶nepw Ah≥ bn{kmtben∂p shfns∏tS≠Xn∂p'' CXv tbml∂ms‚ Hcp km[mcW

ssienbmWv (H. t\m. 2:11; 3:21; 7:4; 9:3; 17:6; 21:14; 1 tbml. 1:2; 2:19,28; 3:2,5,8; 4:9). F∂m¬ CXv kam¥c

kphntijßfn¬ hfsc hncfamWv; a¿s°m. 4:22 ¬ am{Xta ImWp-∂p≈p. CXv F{_mbssienbmb

""AdnbpI'' F∂Xv D]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ Hcp ]Z-hn-\ym-k-amWv. CXv Hcp-h-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ tIhew Adn-hn-s\-

°mƒ D]cn hy‡n-]-c-amb Iq´m-bva-sb∏‰n kwkmcn°p∂ ""Adn-bpI'' F∂ F{_mb ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-

®p≈ Ifn-bmWv. tbml∂ms‚ kv\m\Øn\p c≠p e£yamWp≈Xv: (1) P\sØ Hcp°pI, (2) ainlmsb

shfns∏SpØpI.

""shfns∏SpØpI'' F∂ {Inb (^s\dq˛faneroo) tbml∂ms‚ FgpØpIfn¬ ""ad \o°pI''

(At∏mImep]vt‰m˛apokaluptw) F∂Xn\v ]Icw D]-tbm-Kn°p∂Xmbn ImWmw. tbip ssZhØns‚

hy‡nXzhpw ktμihpw hy‡ambn shfn®Ønte°v sIm≠phcp∂p.

1:32˛33 Bflmhv hcp∂Xpw tbiphns‚ta¬ Bhkn°p∂Xpw tbml∂m≥ I≠psh∂ hkvXp-X-bpsS

aq∂phn[ Du∂emWnXv.

1:32 ""Bflmhp Hcp {]mhpt]mse kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p Cdßnhcp∂Xv'' CXv ainlmsb Xncn®dnbp∂

Xn\p≈ sbiømhns‚ (A≤ymbw 40˛66) am¿§ambncp∂p (H. t\m. sbi. 42:1; 59:21; 61:1). Cu kabØn\v

apºv tbiphn\v Bflmhv C√mbncp∂psh∂v CXv A¿∞-am-°p∂n√. ssZhØns‚ {]tXyIamb sXc

s™Sp∏ns‚bpw k÷-am°ens‚bpw Hcp {]XoIambncp∂p CXv. CXv {]mYanIambpw tbiphn\pth≠n

Bbncp∂n√, ]ns∂tbm tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I\p th≠nbmbncp∂p.

sblqZ∑m¿°v c≠v bpKßsf kw-_-‘n-°p∂ Hcp temI-ho-£-W-am-Wp≠mbncp∂Xv (1 tbml. 2:17

se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWpI): Ct∏mgsØ Xn∑bpsS bpKhpw hcphm\p≈ Hcp \oXnbpsS bpKhpw.

]pXnb bpKsØ BflbpKw F∂v hnfn®ncp∂p. Cu Z¿i\w tbml∂m≥ kv\m]It\mSv (1) CXv

ainlmbmsW∂pw (2) ]pXnbbpKw ]nd-∂ncn°p∂psh∂pw ]d™n´p≠mbncn°Ww.

� ""{]mhv'' CXv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv

1. bn{kmtbens\ kqNn∏n°p∂Xn\v d∫nam¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Hcp {]XoIw (AXm. tlmti. 7:1)

2. Dev]. 1:2 se Bflm-hns\ krjvSn°p aosX ""ASbncn°p∂'' Hcp s]¨]£nbmbn X¿Kq-an¬

Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv

3. ^ntembn¬ ⁄m\Øns‚ {]XoIambn

4. Bflmhv Cdßnhcp∂ hn[sØ∏‰nbp≈ Hcp ZrjvSm¥ambn (B Bflmhv Hcp ]£n A√)

� ""hkn°p∂Xpw'' 1 tbml. 2:10 se tbml∂ms‚ FgpØpIfnse ""hkn°pI'' F∂ {]tXyI

]T\hnjbw ImWpI.

1:33 ""Rmt\m Ahs\ Adn™n√'' CXv kqNn∏n°p∂Xv tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I≥ tbiphns\ Adn™

tXbn√, F∂√, ]ns∂tbm Ah≥ ainlmsb∂v Xncn®dn™n√ F∂mWv. _‘p°sf∂ \nebn¬ Dd∏m

bpw Ah¿ IpSpw_, aX IqSnhchpIfn¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-Sn-bn´p≠mbncn°Ww.

� ""sh≈Øn¬ kv\m\w Ign∏n∏m≥ Fs∂ Ab®h≥ Ft∂mSp ... ]d™p'' a‰v ]gb\nba {]hmNI

∑mtcmSv kwkmcn® {]Imcw ssZhw tbml∂mt\mSv kwkmcn®p. Xs‚ kv\m\Øn¶¬ kw`hnt°≠nbncp∂

{]tXyI {]hrØnIfm¬ tbml∂m≥ ainlmsb Xncn®dntb≠nbncp∂p.

tbml∂ms‚ kv\m\w Hcp aX]camb A[nImcsØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p. sbcpitean¬ \n∂pap≈

HutZymKnI kwLw (H. t\m. hm. 19- 28) Cu A[nImcØns‚ DdhnSw Adnbphm≥ B{Kln®p. tbml-

∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ B A[n-Imcw tbip-hn¬ Iev]n-®p. tbiphns‚ Bflkv\m\w tbml∂ms‚ Pekv\m\

sØ°mƒ D∂Xambncp∂p. PeØnep≈ tbiphns‚ Xs∂ kv\m\w Bfl-kv\m-\-Øn-s‚, ]pXp-bpK

]nd-hn-bpsS AS-bm-f-am-bn-Øo-cm\p-≈Xm-bn-cp-∂p!

� ""Ah≥ ]cnip≤mflmhn¬ kv\m\w Ign∏n°p∂h≥ BIp∂p'' 1 sImcn. 12:13 s‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ Cu Bibw Hcp hy‡nsb ssZh-Ip-Spw-_-Ønte°p ssIs°m-≈p∂Xnt\mSp _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-

Xmbn ImWmw. Bflmhv ]m]-t_m[w hcp-Øp-∂p, {InkvXp-hn-t\mSp ASp-∏n-°p-∂p, {InkvXp-hn-te°v kv\m\w

Ign-∏n-°p-∂p, ]pXnb hnizm-knbn¬ {InkvXp-hns\ Dcp-hm-°p∂p (H. t\m. tbml. 16:8˛13). 1 tbml. 2:20

se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: ]cnip≤≥ ImWpI.

1:34 ""Rm≥ Xt∂ ImWpIbpw ... km£yw ]dIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p'' `qXIme {]hrØn ]q¿Øn-bm-

Ibpw F∂m¬ XpS-cp-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂ hymI-cW \nb-a-{]-Im-c-ap≈ {Inb-bm-Wn-Xv. CXv 1 tbml. 1:1˛4

\p kam\amWv.

� ""Ch≥ ssZh]p{X≥ Xt∂'' km[mcW ""Zmk≥'' F∂v X¿÷a sNøs∏Sp∂Xpw Fs_Zv (BDB712) F∂ F{_mb]ZsØ sk]v‰z-Pn‚n¬ {]Xn^en∏n°p∂Xpamb {Ko°p]Zw ]mbnkv (paij) ""]p{X≥''

34

F∂-Xns‚ ]›mØeambncn°m≥ Ign-bptam F∂v Hcph≥ A¤pXs∏Sm\nSbp≠v. Aßs\bmsW¶n¬,

Zm\o. 7:13 \p ]Icw sbi. 53 (1:29 se ""ssZhØns‚ Ip™mSv'' t]mse) Bbn-cn°mw CXns‚ ]gb\nba

kqN-\. tbip ]p{X\pw Zmk\pamWv! Ah≥ hnizknIsf ""Hcp Zmk≥'' Bbn´√ ]ns∂tbm ""Hcp ss]X¬''

Bbn´mWv cq]m¥cs∏SpØp∂Xv!

1:49 ¬ CtX \maw \Y\tb¬ D]tbmKn°p∂p. aØm. 4:3 ¬ kmØm\pw CXv D]tbmKn°p∂p. Isø-

gpØp {]Xn-I-fmb P5 epw a* epw ckIcamb Hcp hyXymkw ImWp-∂p≠v: ""ssZhØns‚ ]p{X≥'' F∂Xn

\p ]Icw ""ssZhØm¬ sXcs™Sp°s∏´h≥'' F∂mW-hnsS ImWp-∂-Xv. (UBS4 ssZhØns‚ ]p{X≥

F∂-Xn\p \¬Ip∂Xv Hcp B td‰mWv. tbml∂m\n¬ ""ssZh]p{X≥'' F∂ {]tbmKw km[mcWamWv.

F∂m¬ Hcph≥ ]mT\ncq]WØns‚ _u≤nI {]amWßƒ D]tbmKn®m¬ G‰hpw hnIrXhpw

Akm[mcWhpamb ]tZm]tbmKsØ an°hmdpw aqe-Ir-Xn-bp-tS-Xmbn Is≠-Øn-tb-°mw. am{X-a-√, Isøgp

Øp {]XnbpsS FÆw ]cnanXamsW¶n¬ as‰mcp ]cn`mjsb kzoI-cn-°p-hm\pw km[yXbp≠v. tKm¿U≥

ô, FIvt]mknt‰gvkv ss__nƒ Ia‚dnbpsS BapJ hmeyØnse ""Z sSIvkvNz¬ {Inń-knkw Hm v Z

\yp sSÃ-sa‚ v'' F∂ Xs‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ ]cn- mjm hyXymk-Øns‚ km[y-Xsb∏‰n N¿® sNøp∂p≠v

(t]Pv 419˛433):

""tbml∂m≥ 1:34 ¬ ""Ch≥ ssZh]p{X≥'' (K.JV, RSV) F∂mtWm AtXm ""Ch≥ ssZh-

Øns‚ Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -h≥'' (NEB, JB) F∂mtWm tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I≥ ]d™Xv? F‰hpw

]g-°-ap≈ Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ t]mepw sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. apJy AeIvkm{≠nb≥

Isø-gp-Øp-{]-XnIfnepw (P66, P75, B, C, L copbo) AtXt]mseXs∂ \nch[n iI-e-ß-fnepw (aur, c,flg) ]nev°me kndn-bIv ]Xn-∏p-I-fnepw ""]p{X≥'' F∂p ImWptºmƒ, AeIvkm{≠nb≥ P5, a,copsa, AXpt]mse Xs∂ CXc `mjm {]Xn-I-fmb a,b,e,ff2 F∂n-h-bnepw ]pcmX\ kndnbIv ]Xn-∏p-

I-fnepw ""Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -h≥'' F∂mWp ImWp-∂Xv.

""F∂m¬ A¥na Xocpam\w ssIs°m-t≈-≠Xv B¥cnI sXfn-hpIfnt∑emWv. ]I¿s∏gpØn¬

hyXymkw hcm-\p≈ km[yX \nanØw Hcp Imcyw hy‡amWv: hyXymkw a\-∏q¿Δ-am-bp-≈-Xm-Wv,

bmZr-—nIa√ (H. t\m. _m¿ v Un. F{lams‚ Zn Hm¿ØtUmIvkv Id]vj≥ Hm v kv{In]vN¿, t]Pv

69˛70). ZsØSp°¬ kw_-‘n® {InkvXpimkv{XsØ ]n¥mßp∂Xn\mbn c≠mw \q‰m≠nse Hcp

]I¿s∏gpØp Imc≥ ]mTsØ hyXymks∏SpØnbXmtWm AtXm ZsØSp°¬ k{ºZmbsØ

]n¥mßp∂Xn¬ ""Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-h≥'' F∂ t]cns‚ km[yX Hcp bmYmÿnXnI

FgpØpImc≥ {Kln°pIbpw AX\pk-cn®v ]mTsØ hyXymks∏SpØpIbpw sNbvX-XmtWm?

km[y-X-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬, c≠m-a-tØ-XmWv IqSp-X¬ bp‡n- -{Zw, ImcWw ZsØ-Sp-°¬ ho£-

WsØ ]n¥p-W-bv°p-∂-Xn-\mbn as‰ßpw ""]p{X≥'' F∂Xp am‰n-bn- n-√.

""F∂mepw A¥naXocpam\Øn\p apºv hymJym\hpw IW-°n-seSpt°Ww. tbml∂m≥

kv\m]I≥ ]d™Xv {InkvXob ssZhimkv{XØns‚ {]kvXmh\ A√, ]ns∂tbm ainlm kw_

‘amsW∂v GXm≠v Dd-∏m-bn-cn-t°, CXv k¶o. 2:7 teXpt]msebp≈ ainlmXzsØbmtWm AtXm

sbi. 42:1 teXpt]msebp≈ ainlmXzsØbmtWm {]Xnên∏n°p∂Xv F∂ tNmZyw Db-cp-∂p.

tbml. 1:29 se IjvSs∏Sp∂ Zmks‚ As√-¶n¬ s]kl Ip™mSns‚ shfn®Øn¬ ""sXcs™Sp

°s∏´h≥'' F∂Xv kphntijØns‚ ]›mØeØn\v IqSp-X¬ bp‡ambncn°psa∂ hmZØn\p

{]k-‡n-bp≠v'' (t]Pv 431˛432).

tbml-∂m≥ 1:35˛4235]ns‰∂mƒ tbml∂m≥ ]ns∂bpw Xs‚ injy∑mcn¬ c≠pt]cpambn AhnsS \nev°p

tºmƒ 36IS∂pt]mIp∂ tbiphns\ t\m°o´p: CXm, ssZhØns‚ Ip™mSv F∂p ]d™p.37Ah≥ ]d™Xp B c≠p injy∑m¿ tI´p tbiphns\ A\pKan®p. 38tbip Xncn™p Ah¿

]n∂mse hcp∂Xp I≠p AhtcmSp: \nßƒ F¥p At\zjn°p∂p F∂p tNmZn®p; Ah¿: d∫o

F∂p sh®m¬ Kptcm, \o FhnsS ]m¿°p∂p F∂p tNmZn®p. 39Ah≥ AhtcmSp: h∂p Im◊n≥

F∂p ]d™p. Aßs\ Ah≥ hkn°p∂ CSw Ah¿ I≠p A∂p Aht\mSpIqsS ]m¿Øp;

At∏mƒ GItZiw ]ØmwaWn t\cw Bbncp∂p. 40tbml∂m≥ ]d™Xp tI´p Ahs\ A\pK

an® c≠pt]cn¬ HcpØ≥ intam≥ ]s{Xmkns‚ ktlmZc\mb As{¥bmkv Bbncp∂p. 41Ah≥

Xs‚ ktlmZc\mb intams\ BZyw I≠p Aht\mSp: Rßƒ ainlsb F∂psh®m¬

{InkvXpsh Is≠Ønbncn°p∂p F∂p ]d™p. 42Ahs\ tbiphns‚ ASp°¬ sIm≠ph∂p;

tbip Ahs\ t\m°n: \o tbml∂ms‚ ]p{X\mb intam≥ BIp∂p; \n\°p tI^m F∂p

t]cmIpw F∂p ]d™p; AXp ]s{Xmkv F∂mIp∂p.

1:35 ""Xs‚ injy∑mcn¬ c≠pt]cpambn'' a¿s°m. 1:16˛20 Cu c≠v injy∑mcpsS hnfnbpsS hyXykvXamb

hnhcWamWv. tbiphpw Keoe°mcmb Xs‚ injy∑mcpw XΩn¬ apºv F-{X-tØmfw _‘w D≠mbn´p

s≠∂Xv hy‡a√. tbiphns‚ ImeØv Hcp apgph≥ kab injy\mIp∂ {]{Inbbn¬ in£WØns‚

35

hnhn[ L´ßƒ Dƒs°m≠ncn°p∂p. Cu \S]Sn {Iaßƒ d∫n-am-cpsS Fgp-ØpIfn¬ ]d™n´p≠v,

F¶nepw kphntij tcJIfn¬ hy‡ambn A\ph¿Øn®nń√. ChnsS ]d™ncn°p∂ c≠p injy∑m¿

As{¥bmkpw (H. t\m. hm. 40), As∏mkvXe\mb tbml∂m\pamWv (kphntijØn¬ Xs‚ t]cv Hcn-

°epw ]cma¿in®nń√).

injy≥ F∂ ]ZØn\v (1) ]TnXmhv AYhm (2) A\pbmbn F∂o A¿∞-ß-fp≠v. hmKvZØw sNøs∏´

ainlm F∂ \nebn¬ tbip{InkvXphn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°p≈ BZna \maambncp∂p CXv. ]pXnb

\nbaw Bhiys∏Sp∂Xv tIhew Xocpam\ßf√ ]ns∂tbm injy∑mscbmWv (Hm. t\m. aØm. 13; 28:18˛20).

{InkvXym\nXzsa∂Xv Hcp {]mYanI Xocpam\hpw (am\-km-¥-chpw hnizm-khpw) AXns\ XpS¿∂p≈

A\pkcWhpw ÿncX-bp-am-Wv. {InkvXym\nXzw F∂Xv tIhew Hcp A·nkpc£m t]mfn-kntbm kz¿§

Ønte°p≈ Hcp {]thi\ Sn°t‰m A√, ]ns∂tbm tbiphpambp≈ Hcp ssZ\wZn\ Zmk/kvt\lnX

_‘amWv.

1:37 ""Ah≥ ]d™Xp B c≠p injy∑m¿ tI´p'' tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I≥ X\n°∏pdtØ°v tbip

hnte°v hnc¬ Nq≠n (H. t\m. 3:30).

1:38 ""d∫o F∂p sh®m¬ Kptcm'' tamsibpsS \ymb{]amWØns‚bpw hmsamgn ]mcºcyØns‚bpw

(X¬aqZv) kqN\Ifpw {]tbmKßfpw hymJym\n°phm≥ Ignhp≈hsc Xncn®dnbp∂Xn\p≈ H∂mw

\q‰m≠nse sblqZaXØnse Hcp km[mcW ÿm\t∏cmbncp∂p CXv. B£cnIambn CXv ""Fs‚

bPam\≥'' F∂mWv. ""Kpcp'' F∂Xn\p Xpeyambn As∏mkvXe\mb tbml∂m≥ CXv D]tbmKn®ncn°p

∂p (H. t\m. 11:8,28; 13:13˛14; 20:10). Xs‚ ]Z-ßƒ tbml∂m≥ hniZoIcn°p∂psh∂ hkvXpX (H. t\m.

hm. 38:41,42) {]Z¿in∏n°p∂Xv Xm≥ PmXnIƒ°pth≠n FgpXp∂p F∂mWv.

� ""\o FhnsS ]m¿°p∂p'' Kpcphpw injy\pambn Hcp AXpey _‘w ÿm]n°p∂Xn\p≈ ]cºcmKX

amb \S]Sn{IaßfpsS A\ph¿Øn°emWv ChnsS ImWp-∂-sX∂p IcpXmw. hgnat[y Ipsd tNmZyßƒ

tNmZn°p∂Xnep]cn tbiphnt\msSm∏w A[nIw kabw sNehgn°m≥ Cu c≠p-t]¿ B{Kln°p∂psh∂m

Wv Cu tNmZyw kqNn∏n°p∂Xv (H. t\m. hm. 39).

sat\m (menw˛hkn°pI) F∂ ]Zw 38, 39 hmIyßfn¬ aq∂p XhW ImWs∏Sp∂p. CXp ]cma¿in

°p∂Xv ùXnI ÿesØtbm BflnI ÿ\sØtbm BImw. Cu aq∂v D]tbmKßfpw c≠v

A¿∞ßsfbpw Hcpan®p sIm≠phcp∂ as‰mcp ]Z{]tbmKcoXnsb kqNn∏n°p∂Xmbn ImWs∏Sp∂p.

CXv tbml∂m\n¬ km[mcWamWv (AXmbXv 1:1,5; 3:3; 4:10˛11; 12:32). a\-∏q¿Δ-amb Cu Zp¿{K-lX

tbml∂ms‚ FgpØpIfpsS {]tXyIXbmWv!

1:39 ""At∏mƒ GItZiw ]Ømw aWn t\cw Bbncp∂p'' tbml∂m≥ D]tbmKn°p∂Xv (1) 12 am \v

Bcw`n°p∂Xv As√-¶n¬ (2) {]`m-X-Øn¬ Bcw- n-°p∂ tdma≥ kabw BtWm, AtXm 6 pm \v Bcw`n

°p∂ sblqZ kabamtWm F∂v hy‡a√. tbml. 19:14 s\ a¿s°m. 15:25 ambn XmcXays∏SpØnbm¬

AXv tdma≥ kabsØ kqNn∏n°p∂Xmbn ImWmw. F∂m¬ tbml. 11:9 t\m°n-bm¬ AXv sblqZ ka-

bsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xmbn tXm∂pw. tbml∂m≥ c≠pw D]tbmKn®ncn°m≥ km[yXbp≠v. ChnsS CXv

tdma≥ kabw #2, AYhm GItZiw 4 pm Bbncn°m≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v.

1:40 ""tbml∂m≥ ]d™Xp tI´p Ahs\ A\pKan® c≠pt]cn¬ HcpØ≥'' FgpØpImc≥

(As∏mkvXe\mb tbml∂m≥) kphntijØnsemcnSØpw Xs‚ t]¿ ]dbp∂n√ (AXm. 21:2)

tbml∂m≥ kv\m]Is‚ Cu {]Jym]\w tI v c≠v injy∑mcn¬ HcpØ≥ Xo¿®bmbpw sk_ZnbpsS

]p{X\mb tbml∂m≥ Bbncn°m≥ km[yXbp≠v (AXm., aØm. 4:21; a¿s°m. 1:19).

1:41

NASB ""Ah≥ Xs‚ ktlmZcs\ BZyw Is≠Øn''

NKJV, NRSV ""Ah≥ BZyw Xs‚ ktlmZcs\ Is≠Øn''

TEV ""DSs\ Ah≥ Is≠Øn''

NJB ""As{¥bmkv sNbvX BZysØ Imcyw''

]cn`mjIsf _m[n°p∂ Hcp IsøgpØp hyXym-k-ap≠v. Xnc-s™-Sp-°m-hp-∂h:

1. As{¥bmkv sNbvX BZysØ Imcyw

2. Ah≥ Is≠Ønb H∂masØ hy‡n

3. BZyw t]mbn ]d™Xv As{¥bmkmbncp∂p

� ""ainlsb F∂psh®m¬ {InkvXpsh'' 1:20 s‚ Ipdn∏v ImWpI.

1:42 ""tbip Ahs\ t\m°n'' ""{i≤m-]q¿Δ-ap≈ t\m´''sØbmWnXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

� ""tbml∂ms‚ ]p{X\mb intam≥'' ]s{Xmkns‚ ]nXmhns\ kw_‘n®v ]pXnb \nbaØn¬ Aev]w

Bib°pg∏w D≠v (aØm. 16:17 ¬ ]s{Xmkns\ ""tbm\mbpsS ]p{X≥'' (Iwnaj˛sFtbm\mkv-) F∂p

36

hnfn®ncn°p∂p. F∂m¬ ChnsS Ahs\ ""tbml∂ms‚ ]p{X≥'' F∂p hnfn®ncn°p∂p (- .Iwannhj˛sFtbm

A\okv). tbml∂m≥ F∂ t]¿ Isø-gpØp{]Xn-I-fmb P66, P75, a, L epw ImWmw. B bn¬ AtX t]cp

ImWp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw F∂m¬ Hcp ""n''' am{Xtabp≈p (- .Iwanhj). tbm\m F∂ t]cv A, B3, K F∂nhbnepw

an° ]nev°me {Ko°v IsøgpØp {]XnIfnepap≠v. Cu tNmZyØn\v hy‡amb adp]Sn Cs√∂v tXm∂p∂p.

Acmay `mjbn¬\n∂pw en]y¥cWw \SØnb t]cpIƒ°v hyXykvX D®m-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv km[m-

c-W-am-bn-cp-∂p.

ssa°nƒ amKn¬, Zn \yqsSÃsa‚ v {Sm≥kvsse≥ F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ t]Pv 303˛¬ ]dbp∂p, ""tbm\m''bpw

""tbml∂m\pw'' intam\pw insatbm\pw t]mse Htc F{_mb\maØns‚ hyXykvX D®m-c-W-ß-fm-Imw.''

� ""\n\°p tI^m F∂p t]cmIpw F∂p ]d™p; AXp ]s{Xmkv F∂mIp∂p'' tI^m F∂Xv

]md (kepa˛tI]m) F∂Xn\p≈ Bcmay ]ZamWv. {Ko°n¬ AXv tI^mkv (kefaj) BWv. Cu t]cv

ÿncX, i‡n, CuSv F∂nhsb H¿Ωn-∏n°p-∂p.

PmXnbcmb hmb\°m¿°v tbiphns‚ PohnXhpw D]tZißfpw hniZoIcn®psImSp°phm≥ klm-

b-I-c-ambn FgpØpImc≥ D]-tbm-Kn°p∂ \nch[n {]kvXm-h-\Ifn¬ H∂mWnXv. thZ]pkvXI hymJym\

Øn\mbn ]nev°m-eØv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n- p≈ c≠v kmt¶XnI ]Zßƒ Cu A[ymbØn¬ ImWs∏Sp∂p

sh∂p≈Xv ckIcamWv.

1. FIvkn-Po-knkv, ]pd-tØ°p \bn-°p-I, 1:18˛¬ D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂p

2. sl¿sa-\yq- nIvkv (hymJym\imkv{Xw), hniZoIcn°pI, hymJym-\n-°p-I, ]cn`mjs∏SpØpI,

1:42˛¬ D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂p.

tbml-∂m≥ 1:43˛5143]ns‰∂mƒ tbip Keose°p ]pds∏Sphm≥ `mhn®t∏mƒ ^nens∏mkns\ I≠p; Fs∂

A\pKan° F∂p Aht\mSp ]d™p. 44^nens∏mtkm, As{¥bmkns‚bpw ]s{Xmkns‚bpw

]´Wamb t_ØvkbnZbn¬\n∂p≈h≥ Bbncp∂p. 45^nens∏mkv \Y\tbens\ I≠p

Aht\mSp: \ymb{]amWØn¬ tamsibpw {]hmNI∑mcpw FgpXnbncn°p∂hs\ Is≠Øn

bncn°p∂p; Ah≥ tbmtk^ns‚ ]p{X\mb tbip F∂ \ksdØpImc≥ Xt∂ F∂p ]d™p.46\Y\tb¬ Aht\mSp: \ksdØn¬\n∂p h√ \∑bpw hcptam F∂p ]d™p. ^nens∏mkv

Aht\mSp h∂p Im¨I F∂p ]d™p. 47\Y\tb¬ Xs‚ ASp°¬ hcp∂Xp tbip I≠p;

CXm, km£m¬ bn{kmtbey≥; Ch\n¬ I]Sw C√ F∂p Ahs\°pdn®p ]d™p. 48\Y\tb¬

Aht\mSp: Fs∂ FhnsSsh®p Adnbpw F∂p tNmZn®Xn∂p: ^nens∏mkv \ns∂ hnfn°pwaptº,

\o AØnbpsS Iogn¬ Ccn°ptºmƒ Rm≥ \ns∂ I≠p F∂p tbip DØcw ]d™p. 49\Y\tb¬

Aht\mSp: d∫o, \o ssZh]p{X≥, \o bn{kmtbens‚ cmPmhp F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 50tbip

Aht\mSp: Rm≥ \ns∂ AØnbpsS Iogn¬ I≠p F∂p \nt∂mSp ]dIsIm≠p \o hnizkn°p

∂pthm? \o CXns\°mƒ henbXp ImWpw F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 51Bta≥ Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß

tfmSp ]dbp∂p: kz¿§w Xpd∂ncn°p∂Xpw a\pjy]p{Xs‚ ASp°¬ ssZhZqX∑m¿ IbdpIbpw

CdßpIbpw sNøp∂Xpw \nßƒ ImWpw F∂pw Aht\mSp ]d™p.''

1:43 ""]ns‰∂mƒ'' tbml∂m≥ kphntijØnepS\ofw Imem\p{Ia kqNIßƒ Dƒs°m≈n®ncn°p∂p

(H. t\m. 1:29,35,43; 2:1 BZn.). s]mXp ]›mØew (1) hm. 19 ¬ Bcw`n°p∂p, AXv H∂mw Znhkambncn°mw;

(2) 29,35,43 hmIyßfn¬ ""]ns‰∂mƒ'' F∂p ImWmw; (3) 2:1 ¬ ""aq∂mw \mƒ'' F∂p ImWmw.

� ""]pds∏Sphm≥ `mhn®t∏mƒ'' kam¥c kphntijßfn¬ tcJs∏SpØnbn´n√mØ, tbiphns‚

sblqZybnep≈ Hcp BZyIme ip{iqjsb∏‰n tbml-∂m≥ tcJs∏SpØp∂p. tbiphns‚ sblqZy

bnep≈, {]tXyIn®v sbcpiteanep≈, ip{iqjbnemWv tbml∂ms‚ kphntijw {i≤tI{μoIcn°p∂Xv.

F∂ncp∂mepw ChnsS Xm≥ Keoebnte°v t]mIphm\m{Kln°p∂p, AsXmcp]t£ Im\mhnse

IeymWØn\mbncn°mw (tbml. 2).

� ""Fs∂ A\pKan°'' CXv Hcp B⁄bmWv. Hcp ÿncinjy\mIphm\p≈ sblqZ Kpcp°∑mcpsS

Hcp hnfnbmWnXv. Cu injyXz _‘Øn\p≈ am¿§\n¿tZiI tcJIƒ sblqZ∑m¿ {IaoIcn®ncp∂p.

1:44 ""^nens∏mtkm, ... t_ØvkbnZbn¬\n∂p≈h≥ Bbncp∂p'' Cu ]´WØns‚ t]cn\¿∞w

""ao≥]n-Sp-Ø-Øns‚ `h\w'' F∂mWv. CXv As{¥bmkns‚bpw ]s{Xmkns‚bpw ]´Whpambncp∂p.

1:45 ""\Y\tb¬'' ""ssZhw \¬Inbncn°p∂p'' F∂¿∞ap≈ Hcp F{_mb \maamWnXv. kam¥c

kphntij ßfn¬ Cu t]cn\m¬ Xm≥ ]cma¿in°s∏Sp∂n√. B[p\nI ]finX∑m¿ IcpXp∂Xv Ch-

\mWv ""_¿Øtemambn'' F∂v hnfn°s∏Sp∂hs\∂mWv. F∂m¬ CXv Hcp Dulw am{X-am-Wv.

37

{]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: As∏mkvXe∑mcpsS t]cpIfpsS ]ńIaØmbn 10:2˛4 a¿s°mkv 3:16- 19 eqs°mkv 6:14- 16 {]hrØn 1:12˛18

intam≥ (]-s{Xmkv) intam≥ (]-s{Xmkv) intam≥ (]-s{Xmkv) intam≥

As{¥-bmkv bmt°m_v As{¥-bmkv tbml-∂m≥

H∂mw {Kq∏v (]-s{Xm-kns‚ ktlm-Z-c≥) (sk-_-Zn-bpsS aI≥) (]-s{Xm-kns‚ ktlm-Z-c≥)

bmt°m_v tbml-∂m≥ bmt°m_v bmt°m_v

(sk-_-Zn-bpsS aI≥) (bm-t°m-_ns‚ ktlm-Z-c≥)

tbml-∂m≥ As{¥-bmkv tbml-∂m≥ As{¥-bmkv

(bm-t°m-_ns‚ ktlm-Z-c≥)

^nen-s∏mkv ^nen-s∏mkv ^nen-s∏mkv ^nen-s∏mkv

c≠mw {Kq∏v _¿Ø-sem-ambn _¿Ø-sem-ambn _¿Ø-sem-ambn tXmamkv

tXmamkv aØmbn aØmbn _¿Ø-sem-ambn

aØmbn (Np-¶-°m-c≥) tXmamkv tXmamkv aØmbn

bmt°m_v bmt°m_v bmt°m_v bmt°m_v

(A-ev^m-bn-bpsS aI≥) (A-ev^m-bn-bpsS aI≥) (A-ev^m-bn-bpsS aI≥) (A-ev^m-bn-bpsS aI≥)

aq∂mw {Kq∏v X±mbn X±mbn intam≥ (F-cn-hp-Im-c≥) intam≥ (F-cn-hp-Im-c≥)

intam≥ (I\m\y≥) intam≥ (I\m\y≥) bqZm (bm-t°m-_ns‚ aI≥) bqZm (bm-t°m-_ns‚ aI≥)

bqZm (Cu-kvI-tcym-Øm) bqZm (Cu-kvI-tcym-Øm) bqZm (Cu-kvI-tcym-Øm)

� ""\ymb{]amWhpw {]hmNI∑mcpw'' F{_mb Imt\m\ns‚ aq∂p `mKßfn¬ c≠ns\∏‰nbp≈

]cma¿iw: \ymb{]amWw, {]hmNI∑m¿, FgpØpIƒ (F.Un. 90 se Pmav\nbbn¬ CXv At∏mgpw N¿®

bnem-bn-cp∂p). ]gb\nbasØ apgph\mbn ]cma¿in°p∂Xn\p≈ {]tbm-Kw.

� ""tbmtk^ns‚ ]p{X\mb tbip F∂ \ksdØpImc≥'' sblqZ D]tbmKØns‚ shfn®Øn¬

CXv a\ nem°Ww. Xm≥ A∂v Pohn®Xv \ktdØnemW,v `h\Ønse ]nXmhns‚ t]cv tbmtk^v

F∂mbncp∂p. CXv tbiphns‚ s_Øvtelanse P\\sØtbm (H. t\m. aoJm 5:2) I\yImP\\sØtbm

(H. t\m. sbi. 7:14) \ntj[n°p∂n√. Xmsgs°mSpØncn°p∂ {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWpI.

{]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: \kdmb\mb tbiptbiphns\°pdn®v kwkmcn°p∂Xn\v ]pXnb\nbaw D]tbmKn°p∂ A\h[n hyXykvXßfmb

{Ko°v ]Z{]tbmKßƒ D≠v.

A. ]pXnb\nba ]Zßƒ

1. \ktdØv ˛ Keoebnse ]´Ww (H. t\m. eqs°m. 1:26; 2:4,39,51; 4:16; {]hr. 10:38). ]´WsØ°p-

dn®v kaImenI tcJIfn¬ ]cm-a¿in°s∏ńń√). F∂m¬ ]nev°me enJnXßfn¬ ImW

s∏Sp∂p.

\ktdØn¬\n-∂p-≈-h≥ F∂Xv tbiphn\v Hcp `qjWambncp∂n√ (H. t\m. tbml.

1:46). Cu ÿeØns‚ t]cv Dƒs∏ńcp∂ tbiphns‚ Ipcnin\p apIfnse FgpØv sblqZy

\nμbpsS Hcp ASbmfambncp∂p.

2. \kmdnt\mkv (Nasarhnoj) ˛ Hcp `qanimkv{X]camb ÿm\sØbpwIqsS kqNn∏n°p∂

Xn\mbn tXm∂p∂p (H. t\m. eqs°m. 4:34; 24:19).

3. \mtkmdmbntbmkv (Naswraioj) ˛ Hcp \KcsØ∏‰nbp≈ ]cma¿iamImw, F∂m¬ ""sImºv''

(s\‰vsk¿, H. t\m. sbi. 4:2; 11:1; 53:2; bnsc. 23:5; 33:15; skJ. 3:8; 6:12; ]pXnb \nbaØn¬

shfn. 22:16) F∂ ainlmkw_‘amb F{_mb ]Zap]-tbm-Kn®p≈ Hcp {]tbmKw BImw.

eqs°mkv CXv tbiphns\°pdn®v eqs°m. 18:37; {]hr. 2:22; 3:6; 4:10; 6:14; 22:8; 24:5; 26:9 F∂o

hmIyßfn¬ D]tbmKn°p∂p.

4. #3 \mko¿ (nazir), ""Hcp t\¿®bm¬ th¿Xn-cn°s∏´h≥'' F∂Xnt\mSp≈ _‘Øn¬

B. ]pXnb \nbaØn\v ]pdtabp≈ Ncn{X]camb D]tbmKßƒ

1. CXv Hcp sblqZm ({InkvXym\nXzØn\v apºp≈) Zpcp-]-tZihn`mKsØ kqNn∏n°p∂p (Acmay

`mjbnse \mtkmdmø).

2. {InkvXp hnizmknIsf hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ sblqZ∑mcpsS CSbn¬ D]tbmKn°s∏ńcp∂p (H.t\m.

{]hr. 24:5,14: 28:22, t\m{kn).

38

3. CXv kndnb≥ (Acmay) kÌfnse hnizmknIsf kqNn∏n°p∂Xn\p≈ ÿncw ssienbmbn

Xo¿∂p. {Ko°v kÌfn¬ hnizmknIsf kqNn∏n°p∂Xn\mbn ""{InkvXym\n'' F∂ ]Zw D]tbm

Kn°s∏´p.

4. sbcpiteans‚ ]X\Øn\p tijw ]coi∑m¿ Pmav\nbmbn¬ tN¿∂v k`bpw sblqZ kn\-

tKmKpw XΩn¬ Hcp Hu]NmcnIamb th¿Xncnhn\v XpS°w Ipdn®p. {InkvXym\nIƒs°Xnsc

bp≈ im]hN-\-ßfpsS amXrI s_dmt°mØv 28b˛29a ¬ D≈ ""]Xns\ v Bio¿hmZßfn¬''

Is≠-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. CXn¬ hnizmknIsf ""\mk-do-\p-Iƒ'' F∂p hnfn®ncn°p∂p.

""\mk-do-\p-Ifpw Zpcp-]-tZ-i-°mcpw Hcp \nanjØn\p≈n¬ A{]Xy£amIs´; Ah¿

Pohs‚ ]pkvXIØn¬ \n∂pw ambn°s∏SpIbpw hnizkvX∑mtcmSpIqsS FgpXs∏

SmXncn°pIbpw sNøs´.''

5. CXv PÃn≥ am¿ńbdn\m¬ D]tbmKn°s∏´p. Unb¬ 126:1. Xm≥ tbiphns\°p-dn®v

sbiømhns‚ s\‰vsk¿ D]tbmKn®p.

C. teJIs‚ A`n{]mbw

Cu ]ZØns‚ \nch[n A£chn\ymkßƒ (kvs]-√nw-Kv) Fs∂ A¤pXs∏SpØp∂p.

F{_mb`mjbn¬ ""tbmiph''bv°v \nch[n A£chn\ymkßfp≈Xn\m¬ CXv ]gb\nba

Øn¬ Akm-[m-c-W-a√ F∂v F\n°dnbmw. Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ ImcW-ß-fm¬ CXns‚ IrXy-

amb A¿∞w kw_-‘n®v F\n°v Dd∏p ]d-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂n√:

1. ainlmkw_‘ ]Zamb sImºv (s\‰vsk¿) F∂Xpw {hX-ÿ\v D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ \mko¿

F∂ ]Zhpw XΩn-ep≈ ASp∏w

2. Keoesb kw_-‘n-®p≈ \ntj[mflI hywKym¿∞w

3. Keoebnse \ktdØv ]´WsØ∏‰nbp≈ kaImenI km£ys∏SpØens‚ Ipdhv AYhm

A`mhw

4. Hcp A¥yIme ssZhimkv{X A¿∞Øn¬ CXv Hcp Zpcm-flmhns‚ hmbn¬ \n∂pw hcp∂p

F∂Xv (AXmbXv, ""\o Rßsf \in∏n°phm≥ h∂ncn°p∂pthm?'').

Cu ]Z ]T\ßfpsS Hcp ]q¿Æ{KŸkqNn°v ImWpI: tImfn≥ {_u¨ (FUn.), \yq

C‚¿\mjW¬ Un£v\dn Hm^v \yqsSÃsa‚ v XntbmfPn, hmeyw 2, t]Pv 346 As√¶n¬

sdbva≠v C. {_u¨, s_¿Øv, t]Pv 209˛213, 223˛225.

1:46 ""\Y\tb¬ Aht\mSp: \ksdØn¬\n∂p h√ \∑bpw hcptam F∂p ]d™p'' ^nens∏mkn\pw

\Y\tben\pw ]gb\nba {]hN\ßƒ hy‡ambn Adnbmambncp∂p; ainlm PmXnIfpsS Keoebnep≈

\ktdØn¬ \n∂√, ]ns∂tbm sbcqitean\p kao]Øp≈ s_Øvteslan¬ (H. t\m. aoJm 5:2)

\n∂mWp hcp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ sbi. 9:1˛7 CtX Imcyw Xs∂ kqNn∏n°p∂p!

1:47

NASB, NKJV,NRSV ""Ch\n¬ h©-\bn√''

TEV ""Ch\n¬ I]-S-ambsXm∂pan√''

NJB ""Ch\n¬ NXnhv H∂pw C√''

CXn-\¿∞w KqVe£yßƒ H∂pan√mØ Hcp t\scbp≈ a\pjy≥ (H. t\m. k¶o. 32:2), sXcs™

Sp°s∏´ P\amb bn{km-tbens‚ Hcp icnbmb {]Xn\n[n F∂mWv.

1:48 ""^nens∏mkv \ns∂ hnfn°pwaptº, \o AØnbpsS Iogn¬ Ccn°ptºmƒ Rm≥ \ns∂ I≠p

F∂p tbip DØcw ]d™p'' Xm≥ ainlm BsW∂p-≈-Xn\v \Y\tben\v Hcp ASbmfw sImSp°p∂

Xn\v tbip Xs‚ Aam\pjnI ⁄m\w D]tbmKn®p (AXm. 2:24˛25; 4:17˛19,29; 6:61,64,71; 13:1,11,27,28; 16:19,30;

18:4).

tbiphns‚ ssZhXzhpw a\pjyXzhpw {]h¿Øn®ncp∂Xv Fßs\ F∂v a\ nem°pI {]bmkIc

amWv. tbip ""Aam\pjnI'' i‡nIfmtWm AtXm am\pjnI IgnhpIfmtWm D]tbmKn®ncp∂sX∂v

Nne hN\ßfn¬ hy‡a√. ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv ""Aam\pjnI'' Ignhv BWv.

1:49 ""\Y\tb¬ Aht\mSp: d∫o, \o ssZh]p{X≥, \o bn{kmtbens‚ cmPmhp F∂p DØcw

]d™p'' c≠p t]cp-Iƒ {i≤n-°pI! c≠n\pw tZiob ain-sslI kqN-\-I-fp≠v (A-Xm. k¶o. 2). Cu

BZy injy-∑m¿ tbip-hns\ H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse sblqZ Nn¥-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn-®mWv a\- n-em-°n-b-Xv. Dbn¿sØ-

gp-t∂ev]p Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc IjvS-a-\p- -hn-°p∂ Zmk≥ (H. t\m. sbi. 53) F∂ \ne-bn¬ Ahs‚ Bf-Xz-

sØbpw {]hr-Øn-sbbpw Ah¿ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂n-√.

39

1:51

NASB ""kXyw kXy-ambn Rm≥ \nt∂mSp ]d-bp∂p''

NKJV ""G‰hpw Dd-∏mbn Rm≥ \nt∂mSp ]d-bp∂p''

NRSV ""hfsc kXy-ambn Rm≥ \nt∂mSp ]d-bp∂p''

TEV ""Rm≥ \nt∂mSp kXyw ]d-bp∂p''

NJB ""kIe kXy-Ønepw''

B£-cn-I-ambn CXv ""Bta≥! Bta≥!'' F∂m-Wv. tbip Cu ]Z-Øn\p \evIp∂ Cc´ {]tbmKw

tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ am{X-amWp ImWp-∂-Xv. Ahn-sS-bnXv 25 {]mhiyw ImWmw. ""Bta≥''

F∂ ]Zw hnizmkw F∂-Xn-\p≈ F{_m-b-]-Z-Øns‚ (F-sa-Øv) Hcp hI-t -Z-am-Wv. AXn-\¿∞w ""Dd-∏m-

bn-cn-°pI'' F∂mWv (1:14 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I). ÿnc-Xbv°pw hnizm-ko-b-Xbv°pw D≈

Be-¶m-cnI {]tbmKw F∂ \ne-bn-emWv CXp ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. AXv ""hnizmkw''

Ft∂m ""hniz-kvXX'' Ft∂m X¿÷a sNø-s∏- p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw Nne ka-b-ß-fn¬ Dd-∏n-\p-th≠n AXp-

]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- p. Hcp hmN-I-Øn¬ BZyw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Cu coXn-bn¬, tbip-hns‚ kp{]-[m-\hpw hniz-

k-\o-b-hp-amb {]kvXm-h-\-I-fn-tet°m As√-¶n¬ btlm-h-bn¬\n-∂p≈ shfn-∏m-Sn-tet°m {i≤-bm-I¿jn-

°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ AXp-ey-amb Hcp am¿§-ambn AXp ]cn-W-an®p (H. t\m. 1:51; 2:3,5,11; 5:19,24,25; 6:26,32,47,53;

8:34,51,58; 10:1,7; 12:24; 13:16,20,21,38; 14:12; 16:20,23; 21:18).

_lp-h-N-\-Øn-te-°p≈ (k¿Δ-\m-ahpw {Inb-bpw) am‰w {i≤n-°pI. AhnsS \nev°p∂ F√m-h-tcm-Sp-

am-bn-cn°mw CXp ]d-™-Xv.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: Bta≥I. ]gb \nbaw

A. ""Bta≥'' F∂ ]Zw

1. ""kXyw'' (F-sa-Øv, BDB 49)2. ""kXyap≈ Ahÿ'' (Fap≥, Fap-\mlv, BDB 53)3. ""hnizmkw'' AYhm ""hniz-kvXX''

4. ""B{ibw'' (Ua≥, BDB 52)F∂n-h-bv°p≈ F{_mb ]Z-Øn¬\n∂pw h∂-Xm-Wv.

B. AXns‚ hyp¬]Øn Hcp hy‡n-bpsS ÿnc-X-tbm-sS-bp≈ imco-cnI \n¬∏ns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂p. ÿnc-X-bn-√m-Ø, hgp-Xn-t∏m-Ip∂ (H. t\m. Bh. 28:64- 67; 38:16; k¶o. 40:2; 73:18; bnsc.

23:12) As√-¶n¬ CS-dp∂ (H. t\m. k¶o . 73:2) Hcp-h≥ F∂-Xm-Wv AXns‚ hn]-co-Xw. Cu

B£-cnI D]-tbm-K-Øn¬\n∂pw hniz-kvX\mb, Iqdp≈, hniz-kn-°m≥ sIm≈m-hp∂ (H.

t\m. Dev]. 15:16; l_. 2:4) F∂ Be-¶m-cnI hnti-jWw cq]w-sIm-≠p.

C. {]tXyI D]-tbm-K-ßƒ

1. Hcp XqWv, 2 cmPm. 18:16 (1 Xnsam. 3:15)

2. Dd-∏v, ]pd. 17:12

3. t\sc-bp-≈, ]pd. 17:12

4. ÿnc-X, sbi. 33:6; 34:5˛7

5. kXy-am-b, 1 cmPm. 10:6; 17:24; 22:16; kZr. 12:22

6. Dd-∏p-≈, 2 Zn\. 20:20; sbi. 7:9

7. hniz-kn-°m-hp∂ (tXm-dm), k¶o. 119:43,142,151,168

D. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ a‰p c≠p F{_mb ]Z-ßƒ kPoh hnizm-k-Øn\v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p≠v

1. _mØmJv (BDB 105), B{ibw

2. bvcm (BDB 431), `bw, _lp-am-\w, Bcm-[\ (H. t\m. Dev]. 22:12)

E. B{ibw AYhm hniz-k-\o-bX F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬\n∂pw, as‰m-cp-hs‚ kXytam hniz-k-\o-

btam Bb Hcp {]kvXm-h-\sb ÿnco-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp Bcm-[-\m-]-c-amb Hcp D]-tbmKw

cq]w-sIm≠p (H. t\m. Bh. 27:25˛26; s\sl. 8:6; k¶o. 41:13; 70:19; 89:52; 106:48).

F. Cu ]Zw a\- n-em-°p-∂Xn-\p≈ ssZh-im-kvX-c-]-c-amb Xmt°m¬, Cu ]Zw a\pjys‚

hnizkvXXsbb√, btlm-h-bpsS hniz-kvX-X-sb-bmWp Ipdn-°p-∂Xv F∂-XmWv (H. t\m.

]pd. 34:6; Bh. 32:4; k¶o. 108:4; 115:1; 117:2; 138:2). hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚ GI

{]Xym-i, btlm-h-bp-sSbpw Ahs‚ hmKvZ-Ø-ß-fp-sSbpw Icp-Wm-]q¿Δ-ap-≈, hniz-kvX-amb,

DS-ºSn hniz-kvX-X-bm-Wv. btlm-hsb Adn-bp-∂-h¿ Ah-s\-t∏mse BIWw (H. t\m. l_.

2:4). ssZhw a\p-jy-\n¬ Xs‚ kzcq-]sØ ]p\xÿm]n°p∂Xns‚ Ncn-{Xhpw tcJ-bp-amWv

ss__nƒ (H. t\m. Dev]. 1:26˛27). c£, ssZh-hp-ambn Bflm¿∞ _‘w ]pe¿Øp-∂-Xn-

40

\p≈ a\p-jys‚ Ign-hns\ bYm-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. AXn-\m-bn- mWv \mw krjvSn-°-s∏- n-cn-

°p-∂-Xv.

II. ]pXnb \nbaw

A. Hcp {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS hnizm-kyX kw_-‘n-®p≈ D]-kw-lmc {]m¿∞\m{Ia Dd∏n°¬ F∂

\ne-bn¬ ""Bta≥'' F∂ ]ZØns‚ D]-tbmKw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ km[m-c-W-amWv (H. t\m.

1 sImcn. 14:16; 2 sImcn. 1:20; shfn. 1:7; 5:14; 7:12).

B. {]m¿∞\bpsS D]kw-lmcw F∂ \ne-bn¬ Cu ]ZØns‚ D]-tbmKw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

km[m-c-W-amWv (H. t\m. tdma. 1:25; 9:5; 11:36; 16:27; Kem. 1:5; 6:18; Fs^. 3:21; ^nen. 4:20; 2

sX . 3:18; 1 Xnsam. 1:17; 6:16; 2 Xnsam. 4:18).

C. kp{]-[m\ {]kvXm-h-\-Isf Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®Xv (tbml-∂m-\n¬

an°t∏mgpw Cc- n-∏n¬) tbip am{X-amWv (H. t\m. eqs°m. 4:24; 12:37; 18:17,29; 21:32; 23:43)

D. shfn. 3:14 ¬ CXv tbip-hn-\p≈ Hcp t]cmbn D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏´p (H-cp-]t£ sbi. 65:16 ¬

btlm-h-bv°p≈ Hcp \maw)

E. hniz-kvXX AYhm hnizmkw, hniz-k-\o-bX AYhm B{ibw F∂ Bi-bw, {Ko°p ]Z-

ßfmb ]ntÃmkv AYhm ]nÃnkv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Chsb ""B{i-bw,'' ""hnizm-

kw,'' ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂p ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Ømw.

� ""\nß-tfmSp ... \nßƒ'' CXp c≠pw _lp-h-N-\-am-Wv. AhnsS \n∂n-cp∂ kI-e-tcm-Spw, as‰m-c¿∞-

Øn¬ kIe a\p-jy-tcm-Sp-amWv tbip kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

� ""kz¿§w Xpd∂ncn°p∂Xpw'' Cu {]kvXm-h-\bv°v Hcp ]g-b-\n-ba ssZh-{]-Xy-£-X-bpsS [z\n D≠v.

1. sbsl-kvtI¬, sbsl. 1:1

2. tbip, aØm. 3:16; a¿s°m. 1:10; eqs°m. 3:21

3. kvsX^m-s\m-kv, {]hr. 7:56

4. sIm¿t∂-seym-kv, {]hr. 10:11

5. c≠mw hc-hv, shfn. 19:11

Chn-SsØ {]tXyI hymI-cW {]tbmKw Ah Xpd-∂p-Xs∂ Ccn-°p∂p F∂p kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. kz¿§w

F∂ ]Zw _lp-h-N-\-am-Wv. AXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, (1) Dev]Øn 1 set∏mse `qan°p apI-fn-ep≈ A¥-

co£w (hn-Xm-\w), As√-¶n¬ (2) ssZh-Øns‚ km∂n-≤yw F∂m-Wv.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: kz¿§w]gb \nbaØn¬ ""kz¿§w'' F∂ ]Zw _lp-h-N-\-am-Wv (A-Xm. jam-bnw, BDB 1029). F{_m-b-]-

Z-Øn-\¿∞w ""Dbcw'' F∂m-Wv. ssZhw Db-c-Øn¬ hkn°p-∂p. Cu k¶ev]w ssZh-Øns‚ hnip-≤n-

sbbpw AXo-{μn-b-Xz-sØbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

Dev]. 1:1 ¬ _lp-h-N-\-amb ""BIm-i-ßfpw `qanbpw,'' ssZhw krjvSn® (1) Cu {Kl-Øn\p apI-

fn-ep≈ A¥-co£w As√-¶n¬, (2) kIe bmYm¿∞y-ß-sfbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp am¿§w

(A-Xm. `uXn-Ihpw Bfln-I-hpw) Bbn- mWv ho£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Cu ASn-ÿm\ Adn-hn¬\n∂pw a‰p

thZ- m-K-ßƒ kz¿§-Øns‚ hnhn[ Xe-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xmbn IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw D≤-cn-°-s∏-

Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p: ""kz¿§m-[n-kz¿§w'' (H. t\m. k¶o. 68:33), AYhm kz¿§hpw kz¿§m-[n-kz¿§ßfpw

(H. t\m. Bh. 10:14; 1 cmPm. 8:27; s\sl. 9:6; k¶o. 148:4). d∫n-am¿ Icp-Xp-∂Xv:

1. c≠p kz¿§-ßƒ (A-Xm. d∫n sblqZm, lKo-Kmlv 12b)2. aq∂p kz¿§-ßƒ (te-hn-bpsS \nbaw 2˛3; sbi-øm-hns‚ kz¿§m-tcm-lWw 6˛7; k¶o. 114:1 s‚

an{Zmjv sSln√nw)

3. A©p kz¿§-ßƒ (3 _mcq-°v)

4. Ggp kz¿§-ßƒ (d∫n sska¨ s_≥ emJo-jv; 2 lmt\m°v 8; sbi-. kz¿§m-tcm-lWw 9:7)

5. ]Øp kz¿§-ßƒ (2 lmt\m°v 20:3b; 22:1)Ds≠-∂m-Wv.

Ch-sb√mw Xs∂ `uXnI krjvSn-bn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ ssZh-Øns‚ th¿Xn-cn-hn-s\bpw/AYhm Ahs‚

AXo-{μo-b-Xz-sØbpw ImWn-°m≥ Dt±-in-®p-≈-Xm-Wv. sblqZ d∫n-am-cpsS ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ kz¿§-Øns‚

FÆw Fgm-Wv. Fh-cn-am≥kv X¬aq-Zn¬ (t]. 30) Hm. tImsl≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv, CXv hm\-im-kv{X aWvUe-

ßfpambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂mWv. F∂m¬ Rm≥ Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xv, Ggv kºq¿Æ kwJysb kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv (AXm. Dev-]. 1 se Ggn-t\m-sSm-∏-ap≈ krjvSn-∏n≥ Zn\-ßƒ ssZh-Øns‚ kzÿ-

Xsb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p).

41

2 sImcn. 12:2 ¬ As∏m-e-kvX-e-\mb ]usem-kv, ""aq∂mw'' kz¿§sØ ({Ko°v Hudm-t\m-kv) ]cm-

a¿in-°p-∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ hy‡n-]-c-hpw, al-Xz-]q¿Æ-hp-amb km∂n-[ysØ kqNn∏n-°m-\m-Wv.

]usemkv ssZh-hp-ambn hy‡n-]-c-amb IqSn-°mgvN \SØn!

� ""ssZhZqX∑m¿ IbdpIbpw CdßpIbpw'' t_tY-en¬sh-®v bmt°m_n\p-≠mb A\p- -h-sØ-°p-

dn-®p≈ kqN-\-bm-WnXv (D-ev]. 28:10 apX¬). bmt°m-_ns‚ F√m Bh-iy-ßƒ°mbpw Icp-Xm-sa∂v

hmKvZØw sNbvX-Xp-t]m-se, Ahs‚ F√m Bh-iy-ßƒ°mbpw ssZhw Icp-Xp-Ibm-bn-cp∂psh∂v tbip

{]Jym-]n-°p-I-bm-Wn-hn-sS.

� ""a\p-jy-]p-{X≥'' tbip- kzbw sXc-s™-SpØ t]cm-Wn-Xv. CXp Hcp a\p-jys\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ F{_mb

{]tbmK-amWv (H. t\m. k¶o. 8:4; sbsl. 2:1). F∂m¬ Zm\o. 7:13 se D]-tbmKw \nanØw CXn\v ssZhn-

Imwiw ssIh-∂p. CXp d∫n-am¿ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂n√ F∂-Xn-\m¬ CXn\v tZio-btam ssk\n-Itam Bb

kqN-\-Iƒ C√m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ kz`m-h-Øns‚ c≠p Xe-ß-sfbpw ˛ am\p-jn-Ihpw ssZhn-I-hpw, 1 tbml.

4:1˛3 ˛ CXp kwtbm-Pn-∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv tbip Cu \maw D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv. tbip Xs∂-°p-dn®v 13

{]mhiyw Cu \maw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv tbml-∂m≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v.





hymJym-Xm-hns\bpw `c-taev]n-°-cp-Xv.


∏‰n Nn¥n°p∂Xn\v \nßsf klmbn∏m\mWv. Ch sIm≠pt±in°p∂Xv IrXy-X-bp-≈-h-cm-bncn°phm\√


1. sbcq-i-te-an¬\n∂p h∂ kwLw tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]I-t\mSv ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse aq∂p hy‡n-I-

fn¬ Hcp-h-\mtWm F∂p tNmZn-°p-∂Xv F¥p-sIm-≠mWv?

2. hm. 19- 30 ¬ tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ tbip-hn-s\-∏‰n \S-Øp∂ {InkvXp-im-kv{X-]-c-amb {]kvXm-h-

\-Iƒ th¿Xn-cn-°p-I.

3 injy-∑m-cpsS hnfnsb kw_-‘n®v kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ßfpw tbml-∂m\pw XΩn¬ hf-sc-b-[nIw

hyXym-k-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv F¥p-sIm≠v?

4. Cu a\p-jy¿ tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn®p a\- n-em-°n-b-sX¥v? Ah¿ Ahs\ hnfn-°p∂ t]cp-Iƒ {i≤n-

°pI (hm. 38).

5. tbip Xs∂-Øs∂ F¥mWp hnfn-°p-∂Xv? F¥p-sIm≠v?

42

Im\m-hnse sh≈sØ Im\m-hnse Im\m-hnse Im\m-hnse

IeymWw ho™m-°n-bXv IeymWw IeymWw IeymWw

2:1˛11 2:1- 12 2:1˛11 2:1˛3 2:1˛10

2:4

2:5

2:6˛10

2:11

2:12 2:12 2:12

ssZhm-ebw tbip ssZhm-ebw ssZhm-ebw ssZhm-ebw

ip≤o-I-cn-°p-∂Xv ip≤o-I-cn-°p-∂p ip≤o-I-cn-°p-∂Xv ip≤o-I-cn-°p-∂Xv

2:13-˛22 2:13-˛22 2:13-˛22 2:13-˛17 2:13-˛22

2:18

2:19

2:20

2:21-˛22

tbip kIe lrZ-b-ßsf a\p-jy-{]-IrXn tbip

a\pjyscbpw hnth-Nn-°p-∂-h≥ sb°p-dn-®p≈ sbcq-i-te-an¬

Adn-bp∂p tbip-hns‚ ⁄m\w

2:23-˛25 2:23-˛25 2:23-˛25 2:23-˛25 2:23-˛25

tbml-∂m≥ 2B[p-\nI ]cn- m-j-I-fpsS JWvUnI hn -P\w








H‰-bn-cp∏n¬ A[ymbw hmbn-°pI. hnj-b-ßƒ a\- n-em°p-I. \nß-fpsS hnjb hn -P-\-ßƒ A©v







4. BZnbmbh

43

2:1˛11 s‚ ]›m-Øe Dƒ°m-gvN-IƒA. tbip Xs‚ ImesØ a‰p aX-t\-Xm-°-sf-°mƒ hyXy-kvX-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ km[m-cW P\-ß-

tfm-sSm∏w Xn∂p-Ibpw IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ acp- q-an-bn¬\n-∂p≈ Hcp

kzImcy hy‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tbip-hm-Is´ km[m-c-W°m-tcm-sSm∏w CS-]-g-Inb Hcp kmaq-ly-hy-‡n-

bm-bn-cp-∂p.

B. Ahs‚ H∂m-asØ AS-bmfw hfsc Km¿ln-Ihpw IpSpw-_-]-c-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. km[m-cW P\-tØm-

Sp≈ {i≤bpw Icp-Xepw tbip-hns\ hnti-jX-bp≈h\m-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂, kzb-\o-Xn-°m-cmb aX-

-‡¿°p t\sc-bp≈ Xs‚ tIm]w Ahs‚ kz`m-h-Øns‚ as‰mcp hisØ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂p.

BNm-c-ß-tfmtSm A\p-jvTm-\-ß-tfmtSm A√, ]ns∂tbm P\-ß-tfm-Sp≈ ap≥K-W\ tbip-hns‚

kzmX-{¥ysØbpw AtXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ kmwkvIm-cn-I-amb {]Xo-£-I-tfm-Sp≈ _lp-am-\-sØbpw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

C. tbip-hns‚ kz`m-hhpw i‡nbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ tbml-∂m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Ggv AS-bm-f-

ß-fn¬ H∂m-a-tØ-Xm-WnXv (A-[ym. 2˛11).

1. sh≈sØ ho™m-°p-∂Xv (2:1˛11)

2. _mes\ kuJy-am-°p-∂Xv (4:46- 54)

3. apS-¥s\ kuJy-am-°p-∂Xv (5:1˛18)

4. ]pcp-jm-csØ t]mjn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (6:1˛15)

5. sh≈-Øn-t∑¬ \S-°p-∂Xv (6:16˛21)

6. Ipcp-S\p ImgvN sImSp-°p-∂Xv (9:1˛41)

7. emk-dns\ Dbn¿∏n-°p-∂Xv (11:1˛57)

]Z, ssien- ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 2:1˛111aq∂mw \mƒ Keoebnse Im\mhn¬ Hcp IeymWw D≠mbn; tbiphns‚ AΩ AhnsS

D≠mbncp∂p. 2tbiphns\bpw injy∑mscbpw IeymWØn∂p £Wn®ncp∂p. 3ho™p t]mcmsX

hcnIbm¬ tbiphns‚ AΩ Aht\mSp: Ah¿°p ho™p C√ F∂p ]d™p. 4tbip AhtfmSp:

kv{Xotb, F\n°pw \n\°pw XΩn¬ F¥p? Fs‚ \mgnI CXphsc h∂n´n√ F∂p ]d™p.5Ahs‚ AΩ ip{iqj°mtcmSp: Ah≥ \nßtfmSv Fs¥¶nepw Iev]n®m¬ AXp sNbvhn≥

F∂p ]d™p. 6AhnsS sblqZ∑mcpsS ip≤oIcW\nbaw A\pkcn®p ct≠m aqt∂m ]d hoXw

sIm≈p∂ Bdp Iev]m{Xw D≠mbncp∂p. 7tbip AhtcmSp Cu Iev]m{Xßfn¬ sh≈w \nd∏n≥

F∂p ]d™p; Ah¿ ht°mfhpw \nd®p. 8Ct∏mƒ tImcn hncp∂phmgn°p sIm≠pt]mbn

sImSp∏n≥ F∂p ]d™p; Ah¿ sIm≠pt]mbn sImSpØp. 9AXp FhnsS\n∂p F∂p sh≈w

tImcnb ip{iqj°mc√msX hncp∂phmgn Adn™n√. ho™mbnØo¿∂ sh≈w hncp∂phmgn

cpNnt\m°nbmsd aWhmfs\ hnfn®p: 10F√mhcpw BZyw \√ ho™pw elcn ]nSn®tijw

Cf∏ambXpw sImSp°pamdp≠p; \o \√ ho™p CXphscbpw kq£n®psh®pht√m F∂p Aht\m

Sp ]d™p. 11tbip CXns\ ASbmfßfpsS Bcw`ambn Keoebnse Im\mhn¬sh®p sNbvXp

Xs‚ alXzw shfns∏SpØn; Ahs‚ injy∑m¿ Ah\n¬ hnizkn®p.

2:1 ""Hcp IeymWw D≠mbn'' {KmaoW hnhm-l-ßƒ henb kmaq-lnI kw -h-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah an°-

t∏mgpw apgp-h≥ kap-ZmbsØbpw Dƒs°m-≈n-°p-sa∂p am{X-a-√, A\-h[n Znh-k-ßƒ \ofp-Ibpw sNøp-

am-bn-cp-∂p.

� ""Im\m'' Cu ]Zw tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ am{Xta ImWp-∂p-≈p (2:1,11; 4:46; 21:2). Cu ÿe-

sØ-°p-dn®v Nne Imcy-ßƒ \ap-°-dnbmw.

1. \Y-\-tb-ens‚ kz¥ ]´Ww

2. tbip-hns‚ BZysØ A¤pXw \S∂ ÿew

3. I^¿∂-lq-an\p kao]w

Im\m F∂v Duln-°-s∏-Sp∂ \mep ÿm\-ßƒ (AB, vol. 1, p. 827)1. Abn≥ Jm\m, \k-td-Øn\v Hcp ssa¬ hS°v

2. Im vdv I∂m, \k-td-Øn\v aq∂p ssa¬ hS°p Ing°v

44

3. In¿_Øv Jm\m, \k-td-Øn\v GI-tZiw F´c ssa¬ hS°p Ing°v Ip∂n-t∑ep≈ ]pcm-

X\minjvSw

4. sPmko- kv ]cm-a¿®n- p≈ Atkm-Jn-knse ka-X-e-Øn-ep≈ Im\m (Life, 86, 206).ka-X-e-Øn-ep≈ ÿm\w Im\m F∂ t]cn\p tbmPn-°p-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂p. Im\m F∂ F{_mb

hm°n-\¿∞w ""HmS'' F∂m-Wv.

� ""tbiphns‚ AΩ AhnsS D≠mbncp∂p'' hnhm-l-Øn-\p≈ {Iao-I-c-W-ß-fn¬ klm-bn-°p-I-bm-

bn-cp∂p adnb F∂p hy‡w. CXv (1) ip{iq-j-°m-tcmSv Ahƒ Iev]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw (2) ho™p Xo¿∂-

Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Ah-fpsS Icp-X-en¬\n∂pw hy‡-am-Wv. Ch¿ an°-hmdpw _‘p°tfm IpSpw_ kplr-

Øp-°tfm Bbn-cn-°mw.

� ""Ah¿°p ho™p C√'' AXn-Yn-Iƒ°p ho™p e`y-am-°pI F∂Xv Hcp \n¿_-‘nX sblqZ

kwkvIm-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu ho™p el-cn-bp-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v (1) hncp-∂p-hm-gn-bpsS hm°p-Ifn¬ \n∂pw,

hm. 9˛10; (2) tbip-hns‚ ImesØ sblqZ BNm-c-Øn¬\n∂pw; (3) ip≤o-I-cW {]{In-b-bp-sS A`m-h-

Øn¬\n∂pw AYhm cmk-]-Zm¿∞ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂pw a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-XmWv

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: aZy-tØmSpw aZy-]m-\-tØm-Sp-

ap≈ thZ-]p-kvXI at\m- mhwI. thZ-]p-kvXI ]Z-ßƒ

A. ]gb \nbaw

1. bmbn≥ ˛ ho™n-\p≈ s]mXp-hmb ]Zw (BDB 406). AXp 141 {]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-

°p∂p. hypev]Øn Ahy-‡-am-Wv. ImcWw CsXmcp F{_mb aqe-]-Z-Øn¬\n-∂p-≈-X-√.

km[m-c-W-bmbn ]pfn® ap¥ncn®mdv F∂m-Wn-Xn-\¿∞w. Nne amXrIm thZ- m-K-ßƒ: Dev].

9:21; ]pd. 29:40; kwJy. 15:5, 10.

2. ‰ntdmjv ˛ CXp ""]pXp-ho-™v'' BWv (BDB 440). kao] ]q¿Δ tZisØ Imem-hÿbpsS

{]tXy-IX \nanØw Nmdp ]ngn-s™-SpØv Bdp aWn-°q-dn-\p-≈n¬ ]pfn-°m-\m-cw-`n-®n-cp-

∂p. Cu ]Zw ]pfn-°¬ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ ho™ns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Nne amXrIm

thZ- m-K-ßƒ: Bh. 12:17; 18:4; sbi. 62:8˛9; tlmti. 4:11 ImWp-I.

3. Bknkv ˛ CXp hy‡-ambpw aZy-am-Wv (BDB 779, DZm. ""aZyw'' tbmth. 1:5; ""el-cn-bp≈

ho™v'' sbi. 49:26).

4. skIm¿ ˛ CXp ISp-∏-ap≈ ]m\o-b-amWv (BDB 1016). F{_mb aqe-]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-

°p-∂Xv ""aZy-]n-°pI,'' ""aZy-]≥'' F∂ A¿∞-Øn-em-Wv. elcn Iq´p-∂-Xn-\mbn Nne hkvXp-

°ƒ tN¿Øn-cp-∂p. CXp bmbo≥ ˛\p kam-¥-c-amWv (H. t\m. kZr. 20:1; 31:6; sbi. 28:7).

B. ]pXnb \nbaw

1. Hbn-t\mkv ˛ bmbo≥ ˛s‚ {Ko°p kam-\-]Zw

2. \ntbmkv Hbn-t\mkv (]pXp ho™v) ˛ ‰ntdmjv ˛s‚ {Ko°p kam-\-]Zw

3. •qtJmkv hnt\mkv (a-[p-c-ho-™v, Bkn-kv) ˛ ]pfn®p XpS-ßnb ho™v (H. t\m. {]hr.

2:13).

II. thZ-]p-kvXI D]-tbmKw

A. ]gb \nbaw

1. ho™v ssZh-Øns‚ Hcp Zm\-amWv (D-ev]. 27:28; k¶o. 104:14- 15; k`m. 9:7; tlmti. 2:8˛9;

tbmth. 2:19, 24; Btam. 9:13; skJ. 10:7).

2. ho™v bmK- hkvXp°fpsS Hcp `mK-amWv (]p-d. 29:40; tehy. 23:13; kwJy. 15:7,10; 28:14;

Bh. 14:26; \ymbm. 9:13).

3. ho™v Hcp Huj-[-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂p (2 iaq. 16:2; kZr. 31:6˛7)

4. ho™v Hcp {]iv\-am-bn-Øocmw (t\ml ˛ Dev]. 9:21; temØv ˛ Dev]. 19:33,35; inwtim≥ ˛

\ymbm. 16:19; \m_m¬ ˛ 1 iaq. 25:36; Duco-bmhv ˛ 2 iaq. 11:13; Aavt\m≥ ˛ 2 iaq. 13:28;

Gem ˛ 1 cmPm. 16:9; s_≥l-ZZv ˛ 1 cmPm. 20:12; `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ ˛ Btam. 6:6; kv{XoIƒ

˛ Btam. 4)

5. ho™v Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNø-s∏Smw (k-Zr. 20:1; 23:29˛35; 31:4˛5; sbi. 5:11,22; 19:14; 28:7˛8;

tlmti. 4:11).

6. Nne hn`m-K-ßƒ°v ho™v hne-°-s∏- n-cp∂p (ip-{iqj sNøp∂ ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿, tehy.

45

10:9; sbsl. 44:21; \mko¿ {hX-ÿ¿, kwJy. 6; `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ, kZr. 31:4˛5; sbi.

56:11˛12; tlmti. 7:5).

7. A¥y-Im-e-imkv{X ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ho™v D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (B-tam. 9:13; tbmth.

3:18; skJ. 9:17)

B. thZ-]p-kvX-tI-Xcw

1. anX-amb Af-hn¬ ho™v D]-Im-c-{]-Z-amWv (kp- m-jn-X-ßƒ 31:27- 30)

2. d∫n-am¿ ]d-bp-∂p, ""ho™v F√m Huj-[-ß-sf-°mfpw ta¬Ø-c-amWv; FhnsS ho™ns‚

A`mh-apt≠m AhnsS Huj[w Bh-iy-amWv'' (BB 58b).C. ]pXnb \nbaw

1. tbip henb Hcp Afhp sh≈sØ ho™m°n (tbm-l. 2:1- 11)

2. tbip ho™p IpSn®p (a-Øm. 11:18- 19; eqs°m. 7:33- 34; 22:17apX¬)

3. ""]pXp-ho™p'' IpSn®p aØ-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn s]s¥-t°mkvXp \mfn¬ ]s{Xm-kn-s\-

Xnsc Ip‰w NpaØn ({]-hr. 2:13)

4. ho™v Huj-[-ambn D]-tbm-Kn°mw (a¿s°m. 15:23; eqs°m. 10:34; 1 Xnsam. 5:23)

5. A[y-£-∑m¿ aZy-{]n-b-cm-I-cp-Xv. apgp-h-\mbn Hgn-™n-cn-°-W-sa-∂√ CXn-\¿∞w (1 Xnsam.

3:3, 8; XosØm. 1:7; 2:3; 1 ]s{Xm. 4:3)

6. A¥y-Im-e-imkv{X ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ho™v D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (aØm. 22:1apX¬;

shfn. 19:9)

7. aZym-k‡n A]-e-]n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (a-Øm. 24:49; eqs°m. 12:45; 21:34; 1 sImcn. 5:11˛13;

6:10; Kem. 5:21; 1 ]s{Xm. 4:3; tdma. 13:13- 14).

III. ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Dƒ°mgvN

A. `mjm-t`Z kwL¿jw

1. ho™v ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-amWv

2. aZy-]m\w Kuc-h-amb {]iv\-amWv

3. Nne kwkvIm-c-ß-fn-ep≈ hnizm-kn-Iƒ kphn-ti-j-Øn-\p-th≠n Ah-cpsS kzmX-{¥ysØ

]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-ØWw (a-Øm. 15:1˛20; a¿s°m. 7:1˛23; 1 sImcn. 8˛10; tdma. 14)

B. A\p-h-Z-\ob ]cn[n ewLn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ {]h-WX

1. F√m \∑-I-fp-sSbpw Dd-hnSw ssZh-am-Wv.

2. hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy-h¿§w ssZh-Øm¬ \n›-bn°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ ]cn-[n-Iƒ ewLn-®p-sIm≠v

ssZh-Øns‚ F√m \√ Zm\-ß-sfbpw Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNbvXp.

C. Zpcp-]-tbmKw hkvXp-°-fn-e-√, \Ωn-em-Wv. ùXnI krjvSn-bn¬ Xn∑-bmbn H∂p-an√ (H. t\m.

a¿s°m. 7:18- 23; tdma. 14:14, 20; 1 sImcn. 10:25˛26; 1 Xnsam. 4:4; XosØm. 1:15).

IV. H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse sblqZ kwkvIm-chpw ho™ns‚ ]pfn°epw

A. ]pfn-°¬ hfsc thKw Bcw- n-°p-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, ap¥ncn ]ngn™v GI-tZiw Bdp aWn-°q¿

Ign-bp-tºmƒ ]pfn-°m-\m-cw-`n-°pw.

B. sblqZ ]mc-º-cy-{]-Imcw, D]-cn-X-e-Øn¬ ]pfn-∏ns‚ AS-bm-f-ambn t\cnb ]X {]Xy-£-s∏-

Sp-tºmƒ AXp Zimwiw \¬Im≥ ]mI-am-bn (am Ask-tcmØv 1:7). CXmWp ""]pXp-ho™v''

AYhm ""a[pc-ap≈ ho™v.''

C. {]mY-an-I-am-bp≈ D{K-amb ]pfn-°¬ Hcm-gvN-bv°p-≈n¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-Ipw.

D. c≠mw L´ ]pfn-°en\v GI-tZiw 40 Znh-k-sa-Sp-°pw. Cu L´-Øn¬ CXns\ ""]mI-amb

ho™v'' Bbn Icp-Xp-Ibpw bmK-]oT-Øn¬ A¿∏n-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂p

(F-Yp-tømØv 6:1).

E. ań\p apI-fn¬ sXfn-bp∂ ho™v \√-Xmbn Icp-X-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. F¶nepw D]-tbm-Kn-°pw-apºv

\∂mbn Acn-s®-Sp-°-W-am-bn-cp-∂p.

F. Hcp h¿jsØ ]pfn-°-en\p tij-ap≈ ho™v km[m-c-W-bmbn G‰hpw ]g-°-ap-≈-Xmbn Icp-

Xn-bn-cp-∂p. ho™v kpc-£n-X-ambn kq£n-®p-sh-°m-hp∂ G‰hpw \o≠ Imew aq∂p h¿j-am-

bn-cp∂p. CXns\ ""]gb ho™v'' F∂p hnfn-®n-cp-∂p. CXp sh≈w tN¿Øp t\¿∏n®p thWw

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥.

G. AWp-hn-ap‡ kml-N-cy-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn®pw cmk-h-kvXp-°ƒ tN¿Øpw ]pfn-°p-∂Xp XS-

bm≥ Bcw-`n-®n´v GI-tZiw 100 h¿j-ßtf Bbn-´p-≈p. ]pcm-X\ temI-Øn\v kzm`m-hnI

{]{In-b-bmb ]pfn-°-ens\ XS-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

V. D]-kw-lmc {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

A. \nß-fpsS A\p- -h-ßfpw ssZh-im-kv{Xhpw thZ-]p-kvXI hymJym-\-co-Xn-Ifpw tbip-hn-s‚bpw

46

BZna sblqZ/{InkvXob kwkvIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw hne-bn-Sn-°p-∂n-s√∂v Dd-∏m-°p-I. Ah¿ ho™v

]q¿Æ-ambn Hgn-hm°nbn-cp-∂n√ F∂p hy‡-am-Wv.

B. Rm≥ aZy-Øns‚ kmaq-lnI D]-tbm-KsØ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I-b-√. F∂n-cp-∂mepw A\-h[n

t]¿ Cu hnj-bØn-ep≈ thZ-]p-kvXI \ne-]m-Sns\ AXn-i-tbm‡n Ie¿Øn ]d-bp-Ibpw

Hcp kmwkvIm-cn-Itam/k`m-hn-`m-K-]-ctam Bb \ne-]m-Sns‚ ASn-ÿm\Øn¬ D∂X \oXn

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

C. Fs∂ kw_-‘n®v hy‡n-]-c-amb kzmX{¥yw FSp-°m-sXbpw a‰p-≈-hsc hna¿in-°m-sXbpw

Iq´p-hn-izm-k-I-tfmSp kvt\lhpw _lp-am-\hpw ]pe¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw Rß-fpsS kwkvIm-c-Øn¬

kphn-tijw hym]n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pap≈ Dƒ°m-gvNbpw am¿§-\n¿t±-ihpw tdma. 14; 1 sImcn. 8˛10

F∂nh F\n°p \¬Ip-∂p. hnizm-k-Øn\pw Pohn-XØn-\p-ap≈ Htc-sbmcp Dd-hnSw thZ-]p-

kvXIw am{X-am-sW-¶n¬ \mw Xo¿®-bmbpw Cu hnjbw ]p\¿hn-Nn-¥\w sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

D. ssZh-Øns‚ lnXw ]q¿Æ-amb h¿÷n-°-em-sW∂v \mw Du∂n-∏-d-bp-tºmƒ, tbip-hn-s\-°p-

dn®pw ÿnc-ambn ho™p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ B[p-\nI kwkvIm-c-Øn-ep-≈-h-sc-∏-‰nbpw (D-Zm. bqtdm-

∏v, bn{km-tb¬, A¿P‚o\m F∂nhn-S-ß-fn-ep-≈-h¿) \mw F¥p-]-dbpw?

2:4 ""kv{Xotb'' ae-bm-f-Øn¬ CXns‚ [z\n ]cp-j-am-sW-¶nepw F{_m-b-ssien _lp-am\w \nd-™-

XmWv (H. t\m. 4:21; 8:10; 19:26; 20:15).

�

NASB ""AXn\p \ap-s°¥v?''

NKJV ""\ns‚ Xmev]-cy-Øn¬ F\n-s°¥v?''

NRSV ""AXn\v F\n°pw \n\°pw F¥v?''

TEV ""F¥p-sN-tø-W-sa∂p \o Ft∂mSp ]d-tb≠m''

NJB ""F∂n¬\n∂pw \o F¥m-Wm-{K-ln-°p-∂Xv?''

B£-cn-I-ambn, ""F\n°pw \n\°pw F¥v?'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ Hcp F{_mb ssien-bm-WnXv (H. t\m.

11:12; 2 iaq. 16:10; 19:22; 1 cmPm. 17:18; 2 cmPm. 3:13; 2 Zn\. 35:21; aØm. 8:29; a¿s°m. 1:24; 5:7; eqs°m. 4:34;

8:28; tbml. 2:4). CXp Xs‚ IpSpw-_-tØm-Sp≈ tbip-hns‚ ]pXnb _‘-Øns‚ XpS-°-am-bn-cn-°p-hm≥

km[y-X-bp≠v (H. t\m. aØm. 12:46apX¬; eqs°m. 11:27- 28).

� ""Fs‚ \mgnI CXp-hsc h∂n- n√'' Xs‚ \nbp‡ Dt±-iy-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ tbip-hns‚ kzbm-h-t_m-

[sØbmWnXp ImWn-°p-∂Xv (H. t\m. a¿s°m. 10:45). ""\mgnI'' F∂ ]Zw tbml-∂m≥ hnhn[ \ne-I-

fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p

1. ka-b-Øn\v (H. t\m. 1:39; 4:6,52,53; 11:9; 16:21; 19:14; 19:27)

2. A¥y-Im-e-Øn\v (H. -t\m. 4:21,23; 5:25,28)

3. Xs‚ A¥y-Zn-\-ßƒ°v (A-d-Ãv, hnkvXm-cw, ac-Ww, H. t\m. 2:4; 7:30; 8:20; 12:23,27; 13:1; 16:32; 17:1)

2:5 ""Ah≥ \nß-tfmSv Fs¥-¶nepw Iev]n-®m¬ AXp sNbvhn≥'' Ahƒ°p-th-≠n-bmWp Xm≥ {]h¿Øn-

°p-∂-sX∂ Nn¥ Ah-fn¬\n∂pw AI‰n \n¿Øp-∂-Xn-\m-bn- mWv tbip B hm°p ]d-™-sX∂v adnb

a\- n-em-°n-bn√

2:6

NASB ""sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS ip≤o-I-cW k{º-Zm-b-Øn-\p-th≠n''

NKJV ""ip≤o-I-cW coXn-b-\p-k-cn®v''

NRSV ""sblqZy ip≤o-I-cW BNm-c-Øn-\p-th≠n''

TEV ""sblq-Z-∑m¿°v BNm-c-{]-Im-c-ap≈ ip≤o-I-cW \nb-a-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp∂p''

NJB ""sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS CS-bn-ep≈ BNm-c-]-c-amb AwK-ip≤nh-cp-Ø-en-\p-th≠n''

sh≈w \nd-®n-cp∂ Cu ]m{X-ßƒ Imep-Iƒ, ssIIƒ, ]m-{X-ßƒ apX-em-b-h-bpsS BNm-c-]-c-amb

Igp-I-en-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p. tbml-∂m≥ Cu hni-Zo-I-cWw \¬Ip-∂Xv ]›m-Øew a\- n-em-°p-∂-

Xn\p PmXn-Isf klm-bn-°m-\m-Wv.

2:6˛7 ""Bdp Iev]m-{X-ßƒ'' tbml-∂m-\n¬ Ft∏mgpw ImWp-∂-Xp-t]mse CXp c≠p-t±-iy-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-

Snb Hcp AS-bm-f-am-bn-cp∂p.

1. hnhm-ln-X-cm-Ip∂ Zº-Xn-Isf klm-bn-°p-hm≥

2. CXp ]c-a-ambpw tbip sblq-Z-a-X-Øns‚ ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ hnc¬ Nq≠p∂ Hcp AS-

bm-f-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu Ah-km\ {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS ]n∂nse Imc-W-ßƒ

a. am\p-jnI {]b-Xv\-Øns‚ {]Xo-I-amWv ""6''

47

b. Ah ht°mfw \nd-bv°p-hm-\p≈ tbip-hns‚ A`y¿∞-\bv°v A[nIw ho™p e`y-am-°pI

F∂ e£y-Øn-ep-]cn {]Xo-Im-fl-I-amb A¿∞-ap-≈-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂p.

c. Hcp {]mtZ-inI hnhml hncp-∂n\v Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ hf-sc-b-[nIw ho™v

d. ]pXnb bpK-Ønse kar-≤n-bpsS Hcp {]Xo-I-am-bn-cp∂p ho™v (H. t\m. bnsc. 31:12; tlmti.

2:22; 14:7; tbmth. 3:18; Btam. 9:12˛14).

� ""ct≠m, aqt∂m ]d hoXw sIm≈p∂'' Cu Afhv F{_mb ]Z-amb _Øv BWv. tbip-hns‚

ImeØv aq∂p hyXy-kvX-amb _Øp-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Cu Afhv F{X-sb∂p hy‡-a√.

F¶nepw A¤p-X-Øn¬ henb Afhp ho™v Dƒs°m-≠n-cp-∂p.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ]pcm-X\ kao] ]q¿Δ-tZ-i-ß-

fnse Xq°-ßfpw Af-hp-Ifpw]pcm-X\ Im¿jnI kº-Zvhy-h-ÿ-bn¬ hmWn-Py-Øn\v D]-tb-mKn-®n-cp∂ Xq°-ßfpw Af-hp-Ifpw

\n¿Æm-b-I-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]c-kv]-c-ap≈ CS-]m-Sp-I-ƒ \oXn-]q¿Δ-am-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ thZ-]p-kvXIw sblq-Z-

∑msc D’m-ln-∏n-°p∂p (H. t\m. tehy. 19:35- 36; Bh. 25:13˛16; kZr. 11:1; 16:11; 20:10). bYm¿∞ {]iv\w

kXy-k-‘X am{X-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p, ]ns∂tbm ]me-kvXo-\n¬ D]-tbmKn-®n-cp∂ GIo-I-cWkz`m-h-an-√mØ

Af-hp-, Xq° kwhn-[m-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. c≠p-X-c-Øn-ep≈ Xq°-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp∂p: Hmtcm Af-hn\pw Hcp

""`mcw Ipd-™Xpw'' Hcp ""`mcw IqSn-bXpw'' (Im-Wp-I, Z C‚¿s{]t´gvkv UnIvjvWdn Hm v Z ss__nƒ,

hmeyw 4, tP. 831). an{k-bo-anse Zimwi kwhn-[m\hpw (10 s‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-Xv) saskm-s]m-

Øm-ay-bnse jUmwi kwhn-[m-\hpw (6 s‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-Xv) kwtbm-Pn-∏n®v D]-tbm-Kn-®p-h-∂p.

""hen∏''ß-fnepw ""Afhp-''-I-fnepw At\-Ihpw a\p-jy-i-co-c-ß-fp-sSbpw arK-ßƒ hln-°p∂ `mc-

Øn-s‚bpw Irjn-°m-cpsS ]m{X-ß-fpsSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-h-bm-bn-cp∂p; Chbv°v s]mXp-\n-e-hm-

c-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ ]ń-I-Iƒ tIhew A\p-am-\-ßfpw am‰-Øn\p hnt[-b-hp-am-Wv. Xq°-

ßfpw Af-hp-Ifpw ImWn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ffp-∏-hgn Bt]-£nI ]ń-I-bm-Wv.

I. G‰-hp-a-[nIw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Afhv

A. Jc Af-hp-Iƒ

1. tlmsa¿ (BDB 330, ""Hcp Igp-X-®p-aSv'' Bbn-cn°mw, BDB 331), DZm. tehy. 27:16; tlmti.

3:2

2. setXJv (A-Yhm setØJv, BDB 547, tlmti. 3:2 ¬ kqN\bv°p km[y-X)

3. G^ (BDB 35), DZm. ]pd. 16:36; tehy. 19:36; sbsl. 45:10˛11,13,24

4. skb (BDB 684), DZm. Dev]. 18:6; 1 iaq. 25:18; 1 cmPm. 18:32; 2 cmPm. 7:1,16,18

5. Hma¿ (BDB 771 II ""Hcp I‰'' Bbn-cn°mw, [hoWp-t]mb [m\y-Øns‚ Hcp \nc] BDB 771I), DZm. ]pd. 16:16,22,36; tehy. 23:10˛15

6. bn m-tcm¨ (BDB 798, G -bpsS ""]Øn-sem∂v'') , DZm. ]pd. 29:40; tehy. 14:21; kwJy.

15:4; 28:5,13

7. Jzmhv (AYhm I_v, BDB 866), H. t\m. 2 cmPm. 6:25

B. {ZmhI Af-hp-Iƒ

1. tIm¿ (BDB 499), DZm. sbsl. 45:14 (Jc Afhpw Bbn-cn-°mw, H.- t\m. 2 Zn\. 2:10; 27:5)

2. _Øv (BDB 144 II), DZm. 1 cmPm. 7:26,38; 2 Zn\. 2:10; 4:5; sbi. 5:10; sbsl. 45:10˛11,14

3. lo≥ (BDB 228), DZm. ]pd. 29:40; tehy. 19:36; sbsl. 45:24

4. temKv (BDB 528), DZm. tehy. 14:10,12,15,21,24

C. ]ńI (tdm-f≠v Un thmIvkv, F≥sjy‚ v bn{km-tb¬, hmeyw 1, t]. 201 & F≥ssk-t¢m-]o-

Unb PpssU-°, hmeyw 16, t]. 379 F∂n-h-bn¬\n∂pw FSp-Øn- p-≈-Xv)

tlma¿ (J-cw)=tIm¿ ({Zm-hIw AYhm Jcw) 1

G^ (J-cw)=_Øv ({Zm-hIw) 10 1

skb (J-cw) 30 3 1

lo≥ ({Zm-h-Iw) 60 6 2 1

Hma¿/C m-tcm¨ (J-cw) 100 10 ˛ ˛ 1

Jzmhv/I_v (J-cw) 180 18 6 3 ˛ 1

temKv ({Zm-h-Iw) 720 72 24 12 ˛ 4 1

48

II. G‰-hp-a-[nIw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Xq°-ßƒ

A. k¿Δ-km-[m-c-W-amb aq∂p Xq°-ßƒ Xme-¥v, tis°¬, tKcm F∂n-h-bm-Wv.

1. ]gb \nbaØnse G‰hpw henb Xq°w Xme¥v BWv. ]pd. 38:25˛26 ¬ \n∂pw Hcp

Xme¥v 3,000 tis°¬ (AXmbXv "kpam¿ Xq°w' BDB 503) BsW∂p a\ nem°mw.

2. tis°¬ (BDB 1053, ""Xq°w'') F∂ ]Zw ]mTØn¬ Cs√¶nepw an°t∏mgpw A\pam

\n°s∏SpIbmWp sNøp∂Xv. ]gb \nbaØnse ]e hneIfnep≈ tis°ens\°pdn®v

{]Xn]mZn®n´p≠v.

a. ""I®hS°m¿°p \S∏p≈'' (Dev]. 23:16)

b. ""hnip≤ aμncØnse'' tis°¬ (]pd. 30:13).

c. ""cmPXq°w'' (2 iaq. 14:26); Fe^ss‚≥ ]m∏ndknse ""cmP-Iob Xq°w''

3. tKcmbpsS Xq°w (BDS 176 II) tis°en\v 20 F∂ {]Imcambncp∂p (H. t\m. ]pd. 30:13;

tehy. 27:25; kwJy. 3:47; 18:16; sbsl. 45:12). saskms]mØmay apX¬ CuPn]v‰p hsc

Cu A\p]mXØn\v hyXymkap≠mbncp∂p. I\m\n¬ (DKmdn‰v) \S∏nencp∂ hnebmWv

bn{kmtb¬ IW°m°nbncp∂Xv.

4. an\m (BDB 584) 50 AYhm 60 tis°¬ Bbncp∂p. ]n¬°me ]gb \nba {KŸßfnemWv

Cu ]Zw ImWp∂Xv (AXm. sbsl. 45:12; F{km 2:69; s\sl. 7:70˛71). sbslkvtI¬

Adp]Xn\v H∂v F∂ A\p]mXamWp D]tbmKn®Xv; I\m\ycmIs´ 50:1 F∂ A\p]mX

hpw.

5. s_°m (BDB 132, ""Ac tis°¬'', H. t\m. Dev]. 24:22) c≠p {]mhiyw am{Xta ]gb

\nbaØn¬ D]tbmKn®n´p≈p (H. t\m. Dev]. 24:22; ]pd. 38:26). Ac tis°emWp hne.

hm°n\¿∞w ""hn`Pn°pI'' F∂mWv.

B. Nm¿ v

1. ]©{KŸØns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬

Xme¥v 1

an\m 60 1

tis°¬ 3,000 50 1

s_°m 6,000 100 2 1

tKcm 60,000 1,000 20 10

2. sbsl-kvtIens‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬

Xme¥v 1

an\m 60 1

tis°¬ 3,600 60 1

s_°m 7,200 120 2 1

tKcm 72,000 1,200 20 10 1

2:8

NASB ""{][m\ \SØn∏pImc≥''

NKJV ""hncp∂phmgn''

NRSV ""{][m\ ]cnNmcI≥''

TEV ""hncp∂ns‚ NpaXe°mc\mb a\pjy≥''

NJV ""hncp∂ns‚ A≤y£≥''

Cu hy‡n (1) hncp∂ns‚ ta¬t\m´w hln°p∂ Hcp _lpam\y AXnYntbm (2) AXnYnIsf

ip{iqjn°p∂Xns‚ NpaXebp≈ Hcp ASnatbm Bbncn°mw.

2:10 km[mcW G‰hpw \√ ho™mWv BZyw \¬Ip∂Xv. hncp∂pIm¿°v elcn ]nSn®tijw elcn

Ipd™ ho™p \¬Ipw. F∂menhnsS anI®Xv HSphn¬ \¬In! CXv sblqZaXØnse ]gb \nbahpw

(]gb ho™v) tbiphneqsSbp≈ ]pXnb \nbahpw (]pXnb ho™v) XΩnep≈ XmcXayamImw (H. t\m.

F{_mb teJ\w). tbiphns‚ ssZhmeb ip≤oIcWw (H. t\m. 2:13˛15) ssZhimkv{X]camb Dt±iytØm

sS tbml∂m≥ ImeKW\ am‰n ChnsS tN¿ØXmsW∂p hy‡w) Cu kXyØns‚ {]XoIhevIcW

amImw.

2:11 ""ASbmfßfpsS Bcw`ambn'' tbml∂ms‚ kphntijw 7 ASbmfßsfbpw AhbpsS hymJym\

ßsfbpw Np‰n∏‰nbmWv cNn®n´p≈Xv. CXmWv BZytØXmWv. 1:1 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: B¿t°

ImWpI.

49

� ""Xs‚ alXzw shfns∏SpØn; Ahs‚ injy∑m¿ Ah\n¬ hnizkn®p'' tbiphns‚ alXzØns‚

(1:14 se Ipdn∏v ImWpI) shfns∏SpØ¬ (1:31 ¬ {Inbm]ZsØ°pdn®p≈ Ipdn∏p ImWpI) Bbncp∂p

A¤pXßfpsS e£yw. Cu A¤pXw a‰t\I A¤pXßsft∏mse, Xs‚ injy∑msc Dt±in®p≈h

bmbncp∂p. CXv AhcpsS hnizmkØns‚ BcwàmsW∂√ CXn-\¿∞w, adn®v Ahs‚ BfXzsØbpw

{]hrØnsbbpw Ipdn®v AhcpsS Adnhv h¿≤n®psIm≠ncp∂p F∂m-Wv. ASbmfßƒ ainlmbpsS

bYm¿∞ BfXzsØbpw {]hrØnsbbpw shfns∏SpØp∂p. F¥mWp kw`hn®sX∂v AXnYnIƒ

a\ nem°ntbm F∂Xv A⁄mXamWv.

tbml-∂m≥ 2:1212A\¥cw Ah\pw Ahs‚ AΩbpw ktlmZ∑mcpw injy∑mcpw I^¿∂lqante°p t]mbn;

AhnsS Gsd-\mƒ ]m¿Øn√.

2:12 ""I^¿∂lqw'' \ksdØnse AhnizmkØn\ptijw (H. t\m. eqs°m. 4:16˛30) CXv tbiphns‚

Keoebnse Bÿm\ambnØo¿∂p (H. t\m. aØm. 4:13; a¿s°m. 1:21; 2:1; eqs°m. 4:23,31; tbml. 2:12;

4:46˛47).

� Im\mbnse Cu A¤pXØns‚ shfn®Øn¬, Xs‚ IpSpw_tØmSp≈ tbiphns‚ ip{iqjbpsS

Hcp AXpeyamb ImgvNbmWnXv.

2:13˛25 s‚ ]›mØe Dƒ°mgvNIƒA. tbip F{X {]mhiyw ssZhmebsØ ip≤oIcn®p F∂Xns\s®m√n ]pXnb \nba ]finX∑mcpsS

CSbn¬ hfsc N¿®Iƒ \S∂n´p≠v. tbml∂m≥ tbiphns‚ ip{iqjbpsS Bcw`Øn¬

ip≤oIcWw \S∂Xmbn tcJs∏SpØptºmƒ, kaho£W kphntijßƒ (aØm. 21:12; a¿s°m.

11:15; eqs°m. 19:45) tbiphns‚ PohnXØns‚ Ahkm\ BgvNbn¬ \S∂Xmbn´mWp tcJs∏Sp

Øp∂Xv. c≠p hnhcWßfpw XΩnep≈ hyXymkØns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬, H∂√ c≠p ssZhm

ebip≤oIcWßƒ \S∂n´p≠v F∂v A\pam\n°mw.

F∂ncp∂mepw tbml∂m≥ tbiphns‚ {]hrØnIsf ssZhimkv{X]camb Dt±iyßtfmsS

tcJs∏SpØnbncn°m≥ km[yXbp≠v (AXmbXv tbml∂m≥ A. 1 apX¬ Xs∂ tbiphns‚

]q¿Æ ssZhsØ Dd∏n°p∂p). Hmtcm kphntijI\p ssZh\nizmkobXbpsS Iogn¬, tbiphns‚

{]h¿Ø\ßfpw D]tZißfpw Xncs™Sp°phm\pw kwtbmPn∏n°phm\pw {Ias∏SpØphm\pw

kw{Kln°phm\pw kzmX{¥yap≠mbncp∂p. F∂m¬ tbiphns‚ A[cßfn¬ hm°pIƒ \evIp

hmt\m kw`hßsf D≠m°nsbSp°phmt\m Ah¿°v kzmX{¥yw D≠mbncp∂p F∂p Rm≥

hnizkn°p∂n√. kphntijßƒ B[p\nI PohNcn{Xßf√, adn®v Xncs™Sp°s∏´ hmb\

°m¿°p th≠nbp≈ kphntij eLpteJIfmsW∂ Imcyw Hm¿Ωnt°≠XmWv. kphntij

ßƒ Imem\p{Iaa√, tbiphns‚ kIe hm°pIfpw Ah tcJs∏SpØp∂pan√ (kw{Klw am{Xam

Wh). AXpsIm≠v Ah IrXya√ F∂¿∞an√. ]uckvXy kmlnXyw ]m›mXy kmlnXyØn¬

\n∂pw hyXykvX kmwkvImcnI e£yßfne[njvTnXamWv. tKm¿U≥ ô, U•kv Ãph¿´v

F∂nh¿ FgpXnb -lu Sp doUv Z ss__nƒ t^m¿ Hmƒ C‰vkv h¿Øv, t]. 127˛148 ImWpI).

B. ssZhmeb ip≤oIcWw BZyw hcp∂Xv sblqZ PmXntbmSp≈ tbiphns‚ CSs]S¬ kw_‘n®

tbml∂ms‚ BIam\ ssZhimkv{X Dt±iyØn\v CWßp∂XmWv. CXv A[ymbw 3˛se

\nt°mtZsamkpambp≈ kw`mjWØn¬ ImWm≥ Ignbpw (bmYmkvXnI sblqZaXw). F¶nepw

A[ymbw 4˛¬ tbip, iacym°mcØn kv{Xobn¬ XpSßn hnime kaqltØmSv CSs]Sm\mcw`n

°p∂p (sblqZ hn`mKØnse Hcp Zpcp]tZi kaqltØmSpt]mepw).

]Z, ssien ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 2:13˛2213sblqZ∑mcpsS s]kl kao]w BIsIm≠p tbip sbcqiteante°p t]mbn. 14ssZhm

ebØn¬ Imf, BSp, {]mhp, F∂nhsb hnev°p∂hscbpw AhnsS Ccn°p∂ s]m≥hmWn`°m

scbpw I≠n´p IbdpsIm≠p Hcp NΩń D≠m°n BSpamSpItfmSpw IqsS F√mhscbpw ssZhme

bØn¬\n∂p ]pdØm°n. 15s]m≥hmWn`°mcpsS \mWyw XqIn°f™p; taiIsf adn®n´p;16{]mhpIsf hnev°p∂htcmSp: CXv ChnsS\n∂p sIm≠pt]mIphn≥: Fs‚ ]nXmhns‚ Beb

sØ hmWnìme B°cpXv F∂p ]d™p. 17At∏mƒ Ahs‚ injy∑m¿: \ns‚

50

BebsØ°pdn®p≈ Fcnhp Fs∂ Xn∂pIfbp∂p F∂p FgpXnbncn°p∂Xp Hm¿Øp. 18F∂m¬

sblqZ∑m¿ Aht\mSp: \n\°v Cßs\ sNømw F∂Xn\v \o F¥v ASbmfw ImWn®pXcpw

F∂p tNmZn®p. 19tbip AhtcmSp: Cu aμncw s]mfn∏n≥; Rm≥ aq∂p ZnhkØn∂Iw AXns\

]Wnbpw F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 20sblqZ∑m¿ Aht\mSp: Cu aμncw \mev]Ømdp kwh’cw

sIm≠p ]WnXncn°p∂p; \o aq∂p ZnhkØn∂Iw AXns\ ]Wnbptam F∂p tNmZn®p. 21Aht\m

Xs‚ icocw F∂ aμncsØ°pdn®t{X ]d™Xp. 22Ah≥ CXp ]d™p F∂p Ah≥ acn®hcn¬

\n∂p Dbn¿sØgpt∂‰ tijw injy∑m¿ Hm¿Øp XncpshgpØpw tbip ]d™ hN\hpw

hnizkn®p.

2:13 ""s]kl'' Cu hm¿jnI s]cp∂mfns\∏‰n ]pd. 12 epw Bh. 16:1˛6 epw hnhcn®n´p≠v. tbiphns‚

ip{iqjbpsS XobXn \n›bn°m≥ \ap°p≈ GIam¿§w Cu s]cp∂mfmWv. tbip Hcp h¿jw am{Xta

ip{iqj sNbvXp≈q F∂ [mcWbmWv kaho£W kphntijßƒ \¬Ip∂Xv (AXm. Hcp s]kl

am{Xta ]cma¿in°s∏´n´p≈q). F∂m¬ tbml∂m≥ aq∂p s]klIsf°pdn®p ]cma¿in®n´p≠v: (1)

2:13,23; (2) 6:4; (3) 11:55; 12:1; 13:1; 18:28,39; 19:14. 5:1 ¬ \memasXm∂ns‚ km[yXbpw ImWp∂p≠v. tbiphns‚

]cky ip{iqj F{X\mƒ \o≠p F∂p \ap°dn™pIqSm, F¶nepw AXp Ipd™Xv aq∂ph¿jw

D≠mbncp∂psh∂v tbml∂ms‚ kphntijw \n¿tZin°p∂p; Hcp]s£ AXv \mtem At©m h¿jw

\ot≠°mw.

tbml∂m≥ sblqZ s]cp∂mfpIƒ°p Np‰pambn´mWv Xs‚ kphntijw cq]s∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xv

(s]klm, IqSmcs∏cp∂mƒ, {]XnjvtTm’hw, ImWpI Richard N. Longenecker, Biblical Exegesis inthe Apostolic Period, 2nd ed., pp. 135-139).

{]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: s]klI. {]mcw` {]kvXmh\Iƒ

A. an{kboaycpsS \ymbhn[n°pw bn{kmtbens‚ hnSpXen\pw th≠nbp≈ Cu ssZhnI {]hrØn

btlmhbpsS kvt\lØns‚bpw bn{kmtb¬ cmjv{S ÿm]\Øns‚bpw sXmSpIpdnbmWv

(AXm. {]tXyIm¬ {]hmNI∑m¿°pth≠n).

B. Dev]. 15:12˛21 ¬ btlmh A{_mlmant\mSp sNbvX hmKvZØØns‚ hy‡amb \nhrØnbm

bncp∂p ]pd∏mSv. ]pd∏mSns\ Hm¿Ωn∏n°p∂XmWv s]kl.

C. CXv tamsi apJm¥cw btlmh an{kboan¬ Ab® ]Øp _m[Ifn¬ Ahkm\sØbpw

G‰hpw hgnsX‰n®Xpw (`qanimkv{X]cambn, AXm. an{kboapw tKmsi\pw) G‰hpw \miw

hnX®Xpw (a\pjycpsSbpw arKßfpsSbpw ISn™qepIƒ sIm√s∏´Xv) Bb _m[bm

bncp∂p.

II. ]Zw (BDB 820, KB 947)A. \ma]ZØns‚ A¿∞w hy‡a√.

1. ""_m[tbmSp _‘n∏n°ptºmƒ'' ""ASn°pI'' F∂¿∞w (AXm. ]pd. 11:1); btlmhbpsS

ZqX≥ a\pjycpsSbpw I∂pImenIfpsSbpw ISn™qens\ ASn®p.

B. {Inbm]ZØns‚ A¿∞w

1. ""apS¥pI'', ""sRm≠pI'' (H. t\m. 2 iaq. 4:4), ""ASbmfs∏SpØnb hoSpIsf NmSn°S°pI''

F∂b¿∞Øn¬ (AXm. ]pd. 12:13,23,27, BDB 619, {]NmcØnep≈ Hcp i_vtZmev]Øn).

2. ""\rØw sNøpI'' (H. t\m. 1 cmPm. 18:21).

3. At°mUnb≥ ˛ ""{]oXns∏SpØpI''

4. CuPn]vjy≥ ˛ ""ASn°pI'' (A 1 ImWpI).

5. sbi. 3:15 se kam¥c {Inb, ""kwc£n®p \n¬°pI'' (H. t\m. ]pd. 12:13).

6. F{_mb ]kmlv, {Ko°v ]mkvtJm ""IjvSs∏SpI'' F∂o ]Zßƒ am‰n am‰n D]tbmKn°p∂

BZna ss{IkvXh coXn.

C. Ncn{X]camb BNmc km[yX

1. ]pXph¿jmcw`Ønse CSbbmKw

2. hk¥Ime ta®¬ ]pdtØ°v IqSmcw am‰p∂Xn\p apt∂mSnbmbn tZmjßƒ AI‰p∂

Xn\mbn CSbtKm{Xßƒ \SØp∂ bmKhpw kaql kZybpw

3. k©mc tKm{Xßƒ tZmjw AI‰p∂Xn\mbn \SØp∂ bmKw

D. ]ZØns‚ A¿∞w am{Xa√ AXns‚ Dev]Ønbpw Is≠ØpI ZpjvIcambncn°p∂Xn\p≈

ImcWßƒ, s]klmbpsS hyXykvX \nebnep≈ khntijXIƒ a‰p ]pcmX\ BNmcß

fn¬ I≠ph∂ncp∂p F∂XmWv.

51

1. hk¥Ime XobXn

2. \maØns‚ hyp¬]Øn A⁄mXw

3. cm{XnbmaßtfmSp _‘s∏´ncn°p∂Xv

4. c‡Øns‚ D]tbmKw

5. ZqX∑m¿/]nimNp°ƒ F∂nhbpsS _nw_ Iev]\

6. {]tXyI `£Ww

7. Im¿jnI LSIßƒ (]pfn∏n√mØ A∏w)

8. ]ptcmlnX∑mcn√, bmK]oTan√, {]mtZinIw

III. kw`hw

A. s]kl kw`hw ]pd. 11˛12¬ tcJs∏SpØnbncn°p∂p.

B. hm¿jnI hncp∂v ]pd. 12 ¬ hnhcn°pIbpw ]pfn∏n√mØ A∏Øns‚ s]cp∂mfnt\mS\p

_‘n®p≈ AjvSZn\ s]cp∂mfnt\mSp _‘n∏n°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p.

1. CXv Hcp {]mtZinI kw`hambncp∂p. H.t\m. ]pd. 12:21˛23; Bh. 16:5 (H. t\m. kwJy. 9)

a. ]ptcmlnX\n√

b. {]tXyI bmK]oTan√

c. c‡Øns‚ khntij D]tbmKw

2. tI{μ Bcm[\m ÿesØ Hcp kw`hambn CXp amdn

3. Hcp {]mtZinI bmKØns‚bpw (AXm. kwlmc ZqX≥ IS∂pt]mbXns‚ kvacWbv°m

bp≈ Ip™mSns‚ c‡w) tI{μ Bcm[\m ÿeØp h®p≈ sImbvØp s]cp∂mfns‚bpw

Cu kwtbmP\w B_o_v AYhm \okm≥ 14 Dw 15˛21 Dw XΩnep≈ ASp∏w aqew Dfhm

bXmWv

C. a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw arK-ß-fp-sSbpw ISn-™q-ep-I-fpsS {]Xo-Im-flI DS-a-ÿm-h-Im-ihpw Ah-bpsS

hos≠-Sp∏pw ]pd. 13 ¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

IV. AXns‚ BNmcWw kw_‘n® Ncn{X hnhcWßƒ

A. H∂mw s]kl an{k-bo-an¬ BN-cn-®p, ]pd. 12

B. tlmtc_v/ko\mbn ]¿Δ-X-Øn¬, kwJy. 9

C. I\m-\nse H∂m-asØ s]kl (Kn¬Km-¬), tbmip-h 5:10˛12

D. item-tams‚ ssZhm-eb {]Xn-jvT-tbm-S-\p-_-‘n®v, 1 cmPm. 9:25; 1 Zn\. 8:12 (km-[y-X-bm-Wv,

{]tXyIw ]cm-a¿in-®n- n-√)

E. lnkvIobm-hns‚ `c-W-Im-eØv, 2 Zn\. 30

F. tbmio-bm-hns‚ \ho-I-c-W-Im-eØv, 2 cmPm. 23:21˛23; 2 Zn\. 35:1˛18

G. Cu hm¿jnI s]cp-∂mƒ BN-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ bn{km-tb-ens‚ Ah-K-W-\sb ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ 2

cmPm. 23:22; 2 Zn\. 35:18 ImWp-I

V. {]m[m\yw

A. I¿i-\-ambn BN-cn-t°≠ aq∂p s]cp-∂m-fp-I-fn¬ H∂m-WnXv (H.- t\m. ]pd. 23:14˛17; 34:22- 24;

Bh. 16:16):

1. s]kl/]pfn-∏n-√mØ A∏w

2. hmtcm-’cw

3. IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂mƒ

B. AXv tI{μ Xncp-\n-hm-k-Øn¬ sh®v BN-cn-°p∂ \mfp-I-sf-°p-dn®v (a‰p c≠p s]cp-∂m-fp-

Iƒs°m-∏w) Bh¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ tamsi kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

C. tbip hm¿jnI s]klm `£-W-th-fsb (A-s√-¶n¬ Xte-∂mƒ) A∏hpw ho™pw F∂

{]Xo-I-Øn-eqsS ]pXnb \nb-asØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®p. F∂m¬ Ip™m-Sns\

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-√

1. kaql `£Ww

2. hos≠-Sp-∏n≥ bmKw

3. ]n¬°me Xe-ap-d-I-fnepw XpScp∂ {]m[m\yw

� ""tbip sbcp-i-te-an-te°p t]mbn'' sblq-Z-∑m¿ sbcp-i-te-ans\ `qan-imkv{X]ctam `q{]-tZ-i-]-ctam

F∂-Xn-ep-]cn ssZh-imkv{X]cw F∂ Cu \ne-bn-emWv (F≥. F. Fkv. _n. (A-]vtU-‰-Uv) ˛ I-b-dn-t∏m-

bn) ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

2:14 ""ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬'' alm-\mb sltcm-Zm-hns‚ (_n.- kn. 37˛4 hsc ]ekvXo≥ `cn® FtZmay hwiP≥)

Bebw Ggp hyXykvX {]mIm-c-ß-fmbn hn -Pn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. G‰hpw ]pd-Øp≈Xv PmXn-I-fp-sS -{]-Im-

52

c-am-bn-cp-∂p. AhnsS bmK-ßƒ°pw {]tXyI t\¿®-Iƒ°pw a‰pw Bh-iy-amb arK-ßsf hn¬°p∂ hym]m-

cÿm]-\-ßfmWp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

� ""Imf, BSv, {]mhv'' Zqsc \n∂pw hcp-∂-h¿°v bmK-Øn\p tbmPn® arK-ßsf hmtß-≠-Xp-≠m-bncp∂p.

F∂ncp∂mepw alm-]p-tcm-lnX IpSpw-_-am-bn-cp-∂p Cu IS-Isf \nb-{¥n-®n-cp-∂Xpw arK-ßƒ°v AanX

hne CuSm-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xpw. Bfp-Iƒ kz¥-ar-K-ßsf sIm≠p-h-∂m¬ Xs∂ Ahbv°v Du\-ap-s≠∂pw bmK-

Øn\p tbmKy-a-s√∂pw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Cu hym]m-cn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Ah¿

arK-ßsf hmßm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn.

� ""s]m≥hm-Wn- -°m¿'' Cu Bfp-I-fpsS Bh-iy-I-X-sb-°p-dn®v c≠p hni-Zo-I-c-W-ß-fp-≠v. (1) Be-b-

Øn¬ kzoI-cn-°p∂ GI \mWbw tis°¬ BWv. sblqZ tis°¬ \mW-b-cq-]-Øn¬ \ne-hn-en-√m-Xn-

cp-∂m¬, tbip-hns‚ Ime-Øv tkm-cn¬\n-∂p≈ tis°¬ am{Xta kzoI-cn-®n-cp-∂p-≈q. 2) N{I-h¿Øn-

bpsS cq]w sImØnb \mWbw A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏- n-cp-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ tdma≥ \mWbw am‰n Be-b-Ønse

tis°¬ \¬Ip-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Ch-cpsS sXmgn¬. \mWb ssIam-‰-Øn\v ^okpw Npa-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.

2:15 ""Ib-dp-sIm≠v Hcp NΩ´n D≠m°n F√m-h-scbpw ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬ \n∂p ]pd-Øm-°n'' Cu hnh-

cWØn¬ tbip-hns‚ tIm]w hy‡-ambn ImWp-hm≥ Ignbpw. btlm-hsb Adn-bp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ÿew

Ct∏mƒ Bcm-[-\bv°pw shfn-∏m-Sn\pw D≈ ÿe-a-√m-Xm-bn-cn-°p∂p! tIm]w AXn¬ Xs∂ ]m]-a√!

Fs^. 4:26 se ]usem-kns‚ {]kvXm-h\ Cu {]hr-Øn-tbmSp _‘-s∏- -Xm-Wv. Nne kwK-XnIƒ \ap°p

tIm]w P\n-∏n-t°-Ww.

2:16 ""CXp ChnsS\n∂p sIm≠pt]m-Ip-hn≥"" ""Chsb ChnsS \n∂pw ]pd-Øp-I-f-bp-hn≥'' F∂¿∞-

ap≈ Iev]-\.

� ""Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ Be-bsØ hmWn- -ime B°-cpXv'' \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp {]hrØn \n¿Øp-

∂-Xn-\p≈ Iev]-\-bm-Wn-Xv. a‰p kphn-ti-j-ßƒ (A-Xm. aØm. 21:13; a¿s°m. 11:17; eqs°m. 19:46) ChnsS

sbi. 56:7; bnsc. 7:11; F∂o `mK-ßƒ D≤-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw tbml-∂m-\n¬ Cu ]gb \nba {]h-N-\ß

sf ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂n√. CXv skJ. 14:21 apX-ep≈ ain-sslI {]h-N-\-Øns‚ kqN-\-bm-Im-\mWp km[yX.

� ""F∂p Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv'' ""AXv Fgp-X-s∏-´-Xmbn \nev°p∂p'' F∂¿∞w. ]gb \nbaØns‚

ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b-Xsb Dd-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp khn-tij coXn-bm-WnXv (H.- t\m. 6:31, 45; 10:34; 12:14; 20:30).

CXv sk]v‰zPn‚nse k¶o. 69:9 ¬ \n∂p≈ D≤-cWn-bm-Wv. Cu k¶o¿Ø-\w, k¶o. 22 t]mse tbip-

hns‚ {Iqio-I-c-W-Øn\p tbmPn-®-Xm-Wv. ssZh-Øn\pw kXym-cm-[-\bv°pw th≠n-bp≈ tbip-hns‚ Fcnhv

Ahs‚ ac-W-Øn-te°p \bn-®p, AXp ssZh-Øns‚ lnX-hp-am-bn-cp∂p (H.- t\m. sbi. 53:4,10; eqs°m.

22:22; {]hrØn 2:23; 3:18; 4:28).

2:17 ""Ahs‚ injy-∑m¿... Hm¿Øp'' tbip-hns‚ ip{iq-j-bpsS shfn-®hpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ klm-

bhpw D≠m-bn- p-t]mepw Cu Bfp-Iƒ tbip-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-Ifnse Bflob kXyw ]n¬°m-eØp am{Xta

{Kln®p≈q F∂v Cu {]kvXm-h\ [z\n-∏n-°p∂p (H.- t\m. hm. 22; 12:16; 14:26).

2:18

NASB ""Cu Imcy-ßƒ sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈ A[n-Im-c-Øn\v F¥v AS-bmfw Rßƒ°p Im-Wn-®p

Xcm≥ \n\°p Ignbpw''

NKJV ""\o Cu Imcy-ßƒ sNøp-∂p-h-t√m, F¥-S-bmfw \o Rßsf ImWn°pw''

NRSV ""CXp sNøm-sa-∂p-≈-Xn\v \o F¥-S-bmfw ImWn®p Xcpw''

TEV ""CXp sNøm-≥ \n\°v A[n-Im-c-ap-s≠∂p ImWn-°m≥ \n\°v F¥-¤pXw sNøm≥

Ignbpw''

NJB ""\o CXp-t]mse {]hr-Øn-t°-≠-Xm-sW-∂-Xn\v F¥-S-bmfw \n\°p Rßsf ImWn-°m≥

Ignbpw''

tbip-hns\ kw_-‘n®v sblq-Z-∑m¿°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ apJy -tNm-Zy-an-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Ahs‚ i‡n ]nim-

Nn¬ \n∂m-sW∂v ]co-i-∑m¿ hmZn®p (H.- t\m. 8:48˛49, 52; 10:20). ainlm Nne {]tXyI Imcy-ßƒ {]tXyI

coXn-bn¬ sNøpsa-∂-h¿ {]Xo-£n-®p. Cu {]tXyI {]hr-Øn-Iƒ Ah≥ sNøm-Xn-cp-∂-t∏m-ƒ Ah¿ Ah-

s\-°p-dn®v A¤p-X-s∏-Sm-\m-cw- n®p (H.- t\m. -a¿t°m. 11:28; eqs°m. 20:2). tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ t]mepw

Aßs\ sNbvXp.

2:19 ""Cu aμncw s]mfn-∏n≥; Rm≥ aq∂p- Zn-h-k-Øn-∂Iw AXns\ ]Wnbpw'' hm. 14 epw 15 epw ssZhm-

e-b-Øn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ {Ko°p-]Zw (i.eron˛lo-tdm¨) ssZhm-eb ]cn-k-c-sØbpw hm. 19,20,21 ¬ D]-

tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]Zw (naoj˛\m-thm-kv) A¥¿a-μn-c-sØ-bp-amWv Ipdn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu {]kvXm-h\ kw_-‘n®v

hfsc N¿®-Iƒ \S-∂n- p-≠v. aØm. 26:60 apX¬; a¿s°m. 14:57˛59; {]hr. 6:14 A\p-k-cn®v AXv tbip-hns‚

{Iqio-I-c-W-sØbpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏n-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂p hy‡-am-Wv. F¶n-epw, Cu kμ¿ -

53

Øn¬ CXv F.- Un. 70 ¬ XosØm-kn-\m¬ ssZhm-ebw \in-∏n-°-s∏- -Xp-ambpw _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (H.

t\m. aØm. 24:1˛2). Cu c≠p {]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw ]pcm-X\ sblq-Z-a-X-Øn¬ \n∂pw thdn v X∂n¬ tI{μo-I-

cn-°-s∏´ Hcp ]pXnb Bflob Bcm-[\ tbip ÿm]n-°p-I-bm-sW∂ kXy-tØmSv _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p

(H.- t\m. 4:21˛24). tbml-∂m≥ ho≠pw Hcp ]Zw Zzbm¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p!

2:20 ""Cu aμn-cw- \mev]-Ømdp kwh-’cw sIm≠p ]Wn-Xn-cn-°p∂p'' alm-\mb sltcm-Zm-hv Xm≥

FtZm-ay-\m-I-bm¬ sblq-Z-∑m¿ Xs∂ shdp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ c≠mw ssZhm-e-bsØ (sk-cq-∫m-t_¬ \n¿Ωn-

®-Xv, H.- t\m. l§mbn) hn]p-e-s∏-SpØn ]pXp-°n-∏-Wn-bpIbp≠m-bn. _n.- kn. 19 tem 20 tem AXns‚ ]Wn

Bcw- n-®-Xmbn sPmko- kv ]d-bp-∂p. CXp icn-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cu kw`hw \S-°p-∂Xv F.- Un. 27˛28 Ime-

ØmWv. F.- Un. 64 hsc Be-b-Øns‚ ]Wn XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xmbn \ap-°-dn-bmw. Bebw sblq-

Zs‚ henb {]Xym-i-bmbn amdn-bn-cp∂p (H.- t\m.- bn-sc. 7). AXns‚ ÿeØv ]pXnb aμn-c-amb tbip

IS∂p-h-cpw. 1:14 ¬ Ah≥ IqSm-c-ambpw Ct∏mƒ Be-b-ambpw Nn{Xo-I-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p! \k-td-Øn¬

\n∂p≈ Hcp Bim-cnsb kw_-‘n®v F{X kvtXm -P-\-I-amb Hcp kmZriyw! ssZhhpw a\p-jy\pw Ct∏mƒ

tbip-hn¬ Hcp-an-®p-IqSn Iq´mbva BN-cn-°p∂p.

2:21 ""Aht\m Xs‚ icocw F∂ aμn-c-sØ-°p-dn-®t{X ]d-™Xv'' tbip Cu hm°p-Iƒ kwkm-cn®

ka-bØv injy-∑m¿ C°mcyw {Kln-®n√ (H.- t\m. hm. 17). Zim-_vZ-ßƒ°p tij-amWp tbml-∂m≥ Fgp-

Xp-∂-sX∂ Imcyw Hm¿°p-I.

Xms\-¥n-\mWp h∂-sX∂v tbip-hn-\-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn\v Ipd-™Xv aq∂p Dt±-iy-ß-fp-≠m-bn-

cp∂p:

1. ssZhsØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥

2. bYm¿∞ a\p-jy-XzØns‚ amXr-I-bm-Ip-hm≥

3. At\-I¿°p-th≠n Xs‚ Pohs\ adp-hn-e-bmbn sImSp-∏m≥

Cu Ah-km-\sØ Dt±-iy-sØ-bmWv Cu hmIyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv (H.- t\m. a¿s°m. 10:45; tbml.

12:23,27; 13:1˛3; 17:1).

2:22 ""Ah≥ CXp ]d™p F∂v ... injy-∑m¿ Hm¿Øp'' tbiphns‚ hm°p-Ifpw {]hr-Øn-Ifpw ]e-

t∏mgpw Ah≥ kwt_m-[\ sNøp∂ hy‡n-I-sf-°m-fp-]cn injy-∑m-cpsS {]tbm-P-\-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. Ah¿ B ka-bØv AXv a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂n-√.

� ""Xncp-sh-gp-Øpw .... hniz-kn®p'' GXp Xncp-sh-gp-Øm-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂n-s√-¶nepw k¶o. 16:10 Bbn-

cn°mw tbip kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Dbn¿∏ns‚ hN\w (H.- t\m. {]hr. 2:25˛32; 13:33˛35). CtX hN\w Xs∂ (A-

s√-¶n¬ ssZh-imkv{X Bibw˛Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev∏v) tbml. 20:9 epw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p-≠v.

tbml-∂m≥ 2:23-˛2523s]kls∏cp∂mfn¬ sbcqitean¬ Ccn°ptºmƒ Ah≥ sNbvX ASbmfßƒ I≠n´p ]ecpw

Ahs‚ \maØn¬ hnizkn®p. 24tbipthm F√mhscbpw AdnIsIm≠p Xs∂Øm≥ AhcpsS

]°¬ hnizknt®ev]n®n√. 25a\pjy\nep≈Xp F¥p F∂p kzXsh Adn™ncn°bm¬ X\n°p

a\pjys\°pdn®p bmsXmcpØs‚bpw km£yw Bhiyambncp∂n√.

2:23 ""]ecpw Ahs‚ \ma-Øn¬ hniz-kn®p'' ""hniz-kn®p'' F∂ ]Zw (pistew - ]n-sÃ-tbm) hnizkn-

°pI,'' ""hnizmkw,'' AYhm ""B{ibw'' F∂pw X¿÷a sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. \ma-cq]w tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-

ti-j-Øn¬ ImWp-∂n√. ]s£ {Inbm]Zw IqsS-°qsS D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬, \k-dm-b-

\mb tbip ainlm F∂ \ne-bn¬ P\-Øn\v Ah-t\m-Sp≈ ka¿∏-W-Øns‚ Bflm¿∞X kwi-b-I-c-

amWv. ""hnizmkw'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ D]-cn-π-h-amb D]-tbm-K-Øns‚ a‰pZm-l-c-W-ßƒ tbml. 8:31˛59; {]hr.

8:13,18˛24 F∂n-h-bm-Wv. bYm¿∞ thZ-]p-kvXI hnizmkw Hcp {]mY-anI {]Xn-I-c-W-Øn\pw A∏p-d-Øp-≈-

Xm-Wv. AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v injy-Xz-Øns‚ {]{Inb D≠m-tIWw (H. -t\m. aØmbn 13:20˛22, 31˛22).

Cu D]-cn-πh hnizm-kn-Isf tbip-hn-¶-te-°m--I¿jn-®Xv Ahs‚ A¤p-X-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p hy‡-

amWv (H. -t\m. 2:11; 7:31). tbip-hns‚ Bf-Xzhpw {]hr-Ønbpw ÿnco-I-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS e£yw.

F¶nepw tbip-hn-ep≈ \ne-\n¬°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn\v hocy-{]-hr-Øn-I-fn-ep≈ hnizmkw Hcn-°epw ]cym-

]vX-am-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂ Imcyw {i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hnizm-k-Øns‚ tI{μw tbip-hm-bn-cn-t°Ww (H. -t\m.

20, 30˛31). A¤p-X-ßƒ kzb-tah ssZh-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-a√ (H.- t\m. aØm. 24:24; shfn-. 13:13; 16:14; 19:20).

tbip-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ P\sØ Ah-\n-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn-te°p \bn-°p-hm-\p-t±-in-®p-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂n√

(H.- t\m. 2:23; 6:14; 7:31; 10:42); ]e-t∏mgpw Bfp-Iƒ AS-bmfw I≠n´pw hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Iq´m-°n-bn√ (H.-

t\m. 6:27; 11:47; 12:37).

54

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: tbml-∂m-\n¬ hnizkn-°pI''

F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ D]-tbmKw (\maw A]q¿Δw)

tbml-∂m≥ {]mY-an-I-ambn ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂-Xn-t\mSv Hcp KXn tN¿°p-∂p.

1. Fbnkv (eij) A¿∞w ""AXnte°v'' Cu AXpeyamb LS\ hnizmknIƒ tbiphn¬

AhcpsS hnizmkw/B{ibw A¿∏n°p∂Xns\ Du∂n∏dbp∂p

a. Ahs‚ \maØn¬ (tbml. 1:12; 2:23; 3:18; 1 tbml. 5:13)

b. Ah\n¬ (tbml. 2:11; 3:15,18; 4:39; 6:40; 7:5,31,39,48; 8:30; 9:36; 10:42; 11:45,48; 12:37,42)

c. F∂n¬ (tbml. 6:35; 7:38; 11:25,26; 12:44,46; 14:1,12; 16:9; 17:20)

d. Ab-bv°-s∏- -h\n¬ (tbml. 6:28- 29)

e. ]p{X\n¬ (tbml. 3:36; 9:35; 1 tbml. 5:10)

f. tbiphn¬ (tbml. 12:11)

g. shfn®Øn¬ (tbml. 12:36)

h. ssZhØn¬ (tbml. 12:44; 14:1)

2. F≥- ˛ en A¿∞w ""C¬'', tbml. 3:15 teXpt]mse (a¿s°m. 1:15)

3. KXnIqSmsXbp≈ {]Xn-{Km-lnI hn`‡n (tbml. 4:50; 1 tbml. 3:23; 5:10)

5. tlm´n ˛ o.ti A¿∞w, ""AXp hnizkn°pI'' F¥p hnizkn°Wsa∂kqN\ \¬Ip∂p.

Nne DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ

a. tbip ssZhØns‚ ]cnip≤\mWv (tbml. 6:69)

b. tbip Rm\mIp∂h≥ BWv (tbml. 8:24).

c. tbip ]nXmhnepw ]nXmhv tbiphnepw (tbml. 10:38)

d. tbip {InkvXphmWv (tbml. 11:27; 20:31)

e. tbip ssZh]p{X\mWv (tbml. 11:27; 20:31).

f. tbip ]nXmhn\m¬ Abbv°s∏´h\mWv (tbml. 11:42; 17:8,21).

g. tbiphpw ]nXmhpw H∂mWv (tbml. 14:10˛11).

h. tbip ]nXmhn¬ \n∂p h∂p (tbml. 16:27,30)

i. ]nXmhns‚ DSºSnbpsS \maamb ""Rm\mIp∂h≥'' F∂-Xn-t\mSv tbip Xs∂Øm≥

XmZmflys∏SpØp∂p (tbml. 8:24; 13:19)

thZ-]p-kvXI hnizmkw Hcp hy‡n-bnepw Hcp ktμ-i-Ønepw D≈ hnizm-k-amWv! AXv A\p-k-

c-Ww, kvt\lw, ÿncX F∂n-h-bm¬ sXfn-bn-t°-Ww.

2:24˛25 {Ko°n¬- CXv H‰ hmN-I-amWv. ""Gev]n-°pI'' F∂ kp{]-[m\ ]Zw (B-£. ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂-

Xns‚ \ntj-[m-flI A]q¿Æ I¿Øcn kqN-Iw), Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬ tbip-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-I-sfbpw at\m-

`m-h-sØbpw kqNn-∏n-°m-\p-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. CXv tIhew {]mY-anI AwKo-Imcw A√¶n¬ sshIm-cnI

{]Xn-I-cWw F∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ hfsc hep-Xm-Wv. a\p-jy lrZ-b-Øns‚ Nm©-ey-sØbpw ZpjvS-X-sbbpw

Ipdn®v tbip-hn-\p≈ Adn-hns\ Cu hmIyw Dd-∏n-°p∂p (ssZ-hnI ⁄m\sØ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂p, H.-

t\m. Dev]. 6:11˛12,13; k¶o. 14:1˛3). Cu Jfin-Isb A. 3 ¬ \nt°m-tZsamkn-eqsS Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

""anÃ¿ hnizmkn''°p t]mepw kz¥ {ia-Ømepw ⁄m\-Ømepw \ne-\n¬∏n-\mepw As√-¶n¬ hwi]mc-

º-cy-Ømepw ssZh-Øns‚ AwKo-Imcw t\Sm-\m-hn-√. tbip-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øm¬/B{i-b-Øm¬ am{X-

amWv \oXn e`n-°p-∂Xv (H. -t\m. tdma. 1:16˛17; 4).

55

N¿®-bv°p≈ tNmZy-ßƒ








1. tbip F¥n-\mWp sh≈w ho™m-°n-bXv? AsX-¥ns‚ {]Xo-I-amWv?

2. tbip-hns‚ ImesØ hnhm-l-coXn hnh-cn-°p-I.

3. sltcm-Zm-hns‚ Be-b-Øns‚ πm≥ hc-bv°m≥ \nßƒ°p Ign-bptam? hn¬°p-∂-h-cp-sSbpw hmßp-

∂-h-cp-sSbpw ÿm\w Fhn-sS-bm-sW∂p ImWn-°m≥ \nßƒ°p Ign-bptam?

4. ssZhm-e-b-Ønse Cu BZy ip≤o-I-c-W-sØ-°p-dn®v F¥p-sIm-≠mWv ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-

ßƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cp-∂Xv?

5. sltcm-Zm-hns‚ ssZhm-e-b-Øns‚ \miw tbip {]h-Nn-®n-cpt∂m?

6. ""B{ibw,'' ""hniz-kn-°p-I,'' ""hnizmkw'' F∂n-ßs\ ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp∂ {Ko°p-]-ZsØ

\n¿h-Nn-°p-Ibpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-I.

56

tbiphpw ]pXp-P-\\w tbiphpw HutZym˛ tbiphpw \nt°m-tZ-samkp

\nt°m-tZ-samkpw KnI sblq-Z-a-Xhpw \nt°m-tZ-samkpw ambp≈

kw`m-jWw

3:1˛15 3:1˛21 3:1˛10 3:1˛2 3:1˛8

3:3

3:4

3:5˛8

3:9 3:9˛21

3:10-˛13

3:11- 15

3:14-˛17

3:16-˛21 3:16

3:17˛21

3:18˛21

tbiphpw tbml˛ tbml-∂m≥ tbml-∂ms‚ tbiphpw tbml-∂m≥

∂m≥ kv\m]-I\pw kv\m]-I≥ tbip˛ IqSp-X¬ km£yw tbml-∂m\pw BZy-ambn

hns\- D-b¿Øp∂p km£yw

hln-°p∂p

3:22-˛30 3:22-˛36 3:22-˛24 3:22-˛24 3:22-˛24

3:25-˛30 3:25˛26 3:25-˛36

3:27-˛30

kz¿§-Øn¬ kz¿§-Øn-¬-\n∂p

\n∂p h∂-h≥ h∂-h≥

3:31-˛36 3:31-˛36 3:31-˛36
















4. BZnbmbh

57

]Z, ssien- ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 3:1˛31]coi∑mcpsS Iq´Øn¬, sblqZ∑mcpsS Hcp {]amWnbmbn \nt°mtZsamkv F∂p

t]cps≈mcp a\pjy≥ D≠mbncp∂p. 2Ah≥ cm{Xnbn¬ Ahs‚ ASp°¬ h∂p Aht\mSp:

d∫o, \o ssZhØns‚ ASp°¬\n∂p D]tZ„mhmbn h∂ncn°p∂p F∂p Rßƒ Adnbp∂p;

ssZhw Xt∂mSp IqsS Cs√¶n¬ \o sNøp∂ Cu ASbmfßsf sNbvhm≥ B¿°pw IgnIbn√

F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 3tbip Aht\mSp: Bta≥, Bta≥ Rm≥ \nt∂mSp ]dbp∂p; ]pXpXmbn

P\n®n√ F¶n¬ ssZhcmPyw Im◊m≥ B¿°pw IgnbpIbn√ F∂p ]d™p.

3:1 ""]co-i-∑m¿'' Cu cmjv{Sob/aX kaq-l-Øns‚ Bcw`w a°m_y Ime-L- -Øn-emWv. Ah-cpsS t]cns‚

A¿∞w ""th¿s]- -h¿'' F∂m-Wv. hmbvsam-gn- ]mc-º-cyØneqsS (X¬aq-Zv) \n¿h-Nn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw hni-Zo-I-

cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX ssZhnI \ymb-{]-amWw ]men-°p-hm≥ Bflm¿∞-bp-≈-hcpw ka¿∏n-X-cp-am-bn-

cp∂p Ah¿. C∂p≈-hsc-t∏mse Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ bYm¿∞ DS-º-Sn-bpsS Bfp-I-fm-bn-cp∂p (\n-t°m-tZ-sam-

kv, Acn-a-∞y-bnse tbmtk- v). F∂m¬ Nne¿ kzb-\o-Xn-°mcpw \nb-a-hm-Zn-Ifpw a‰p-≈-hsc hn[n-°p-∂-

hcpw DS-º-Sn-bpsS Bfp-I-sf-∂p \Sn-°p∂hcpw Bbn-cp∂p (H. -t\m. sbi. 6:9˛10; 29:13). lrZ-b-am-Wv

Xmt°m¬! ""]pXnb \nbaw'' (bn-sc. 31:31˛34) B¥-cnI t{]c-W-bn¬ {i≤ -tI-{μo-I-cn-°p∂p (A-Xm. ]pXnb

lrZbw, ]pXnb a\- v, lrZ-b-Øn¬ Fgp-Xnb {]am-Ww). am\p-jnI {]hr-Øn-Iƒ F√m-bvt∏m-gp-sa-∂-

t]mse A]cym]vX-sa∂p shfn-s∏´p. B-h. 10:16; 30:6 se lrZb ]cn-t—-Z-\, A\p-k-c-W-Øn\pw \μn-bp≈

Pohn-X-Øn\pw Imc-W-am-Ip∂ hy‡n-]-c-amb B{ibw/hnizm-k-Øn-\p≈ kmZr-iy-amWv!

aX -bm-Ym-ÿn-Xn-IXzw/AYhm DXv]-Xn-jvWpXzw G‰hpw tami-am-bn-Øo-cmw. ssZh-imkv{Xw kvt\l-

Øn¬ \n∂pw hnizm-k-Øn¬ \n∂pw Dcp-Øn-cn-tb-Ww. 1:24 ¬ ]co-i-∑m-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw

ImWp-I.

� ""\nt°m-tZ-samkv'' ]e-kvXo-\n-ep≈ Hcp sblq-Z\v Hcp {Ko°p- \maw am{Xw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv

AXn-i-bn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv (A-Xp-t]mse ^nens∏mkpw As{¥-sbmkpw H.- t\m. 1:40,43). Cu t]cn-\¿∞w

""P\sØ Iog-S-°p-∂h≥'' F∂mWv (H.- t\m. 7:50; 19:39).

�

NASB, NKJV ""sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS Hcp {]amWn''

NRSV, NJB ""sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS Hcp t\Xmhv''

TEV ""Hcp sblqZ t\Xmhv''

Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬, sbcp-i-te-anse sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS Fgp-]-Xw-K -]-c-tam-∂X Iu¨kn-emb k≥sl{Zo≥

kwL-Ønse Hcw-K-sØ-bm-WnXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv (a‰p kμ¿ -ß-fn¬ CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv {]mtZ-inI

kn\-tKm-Kns‚ A≤y-£--s\-bm-Wv). k≥sl{Zo≥ kwL-Øns‚ A[n-Im-csØ tdma-°m¿ ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw sblq-Z-∑msc kw_-‘n®v AXn-\n-t∏mgpw D∂-X-amb {]Xo-Im-fl-I-amb {]m[m-\y-ap-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xmsg-bp≈ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

tbml-∂m≥ \nt°m-sZ-tam-kns\ H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse bmYm-ÿn-XnI sblq-Z-a-X-Øns‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bm-bn-cn-°mw. Bflo-b-ambn hf¿® {]m]n®p F∂pw Icp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-tcmSv Ah¿ ho≠pw

Bcw- n-°-W-sa∂pw ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. {]am-W-ßsf A\p-k-cn-°p-∂tXm (ssZ-hnI {]am-W-ßƒ t]mepw H.t\m.

sImsem. 2:16˛23), PmXob ]›m-Ø-etam (H. -t\m. 8:31˛59) A√, tbip-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-amWv kz¿§-cm-Py-

Ønse Hcp-hs‚ ]ucXzw \n›-bn-°p-∂-Xv. Bflm¿∞hpw Xo{h-hp-amb am\p-jnI aXm-fl-I-X-b-√, {InkvXp-

hn-ep≈ ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-amWv ssZhnI AwKo-Imc-Øns‚ hmXn¬. tbip ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ D]-tZ-

jvSm-hm-sW∂ \nt°m-tZ-samkns‚ G‰p-]-d-®n¬ kXy-am-sW-¶nepw ]cym-]vX-a√. tbip ain-lm--bm-sW∂p≈

hy‡n-]-c-amb B{ibw, Ah-\n¬ am{X-ap≈ B{i-bw, BXy-¥n-I--amb B{i-bw BWv hoWp-t]mb a\p-

jy-h¿§-Øns‚ GI {]Xo£ (H.- t\m. 1:12).

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: k≥sl{Zo≥ kwLw1. hnh-c-t{km-X- p-Iƒ

A. ]pXnb \nbaw

B. vtfhn-bkv sPmko -kns‚ B‚n-Izn-‰okv Hm v Z Pyqkv

C. X¬aq-Znse anjv\m- mKw (`mKw ""k≥sl-{Zo≥''). \n¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ ]pXnb \nbahpw sPmko-

^kpw d∫n-am-cpsS Fgp-Øp-I-tfmSp tbmPn-°p-∂n-√. Cu Fgp-Øp-Iƒ sbcqi-te-an¬ c≠p

k≥sl-{Zo-\p-Iƒ {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂-Xmbn ]d-bp-∂p. H∂v ]utcm-lnXyw (A-XmbXv kZq-

58

Iy]£w) ˛ alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\m¬ \nb-{¥n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw knhn¬, {Inan-\¬ hnj-b-ßƒ

ssIImcyw sNøp-∂Xpw; as‰m∂v ]co-i-∑m-cmepw imkv{Xn-am-cmepw \nb-{¥n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw aX-

]-chpw ]mc-º-cy-hp-amb hnj-b-ßƒ ssIImcyw sNøp-∂Xpw. F.- Un. 200 \ptijw Fgp-X-s∏-

´n- p≈ d∫n-am-cpsS Fgp-ØpIƒ, F. Un. 70 ¬ tdma≥ P\-d¬ XosØm-kn-\m¬ sbcp-itew

XI¿°-s∏- -Xn-\p-ti-j-ap≈ kmwkvIm-cnI kml-N-cysØ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂-h-bmWv. sblq-

Z-∑m¿ Pmav\nb ]´-W-Øn¬ Xß-fpsS aX-]-c-amb PohnXw ]p\x-ÿm-]n-°p-Ibpw ]n¬°m-

eØv (A-Xm. F.- Un. 118) AXv Keo-e-bn-te°p am‰p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

II. ]Z-{]-tbmKw

Cu \ymbm-[n] kwLsØ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\p≈ {]bmkw AX-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ hnhn[ t]cp-I-fm-Wv.

sbcqi-te-anse sblqZ kaq-l-ß-fn¬ \ymbm-[n] kwL-ßsf hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ At\I hm°pIƒ

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p.

A. sKdq-knb (gerousia) ˛ sk\‰v AYhm ""Iu¨kn¬.'' CXv G‰hpw ]g-°-ap-≈Xpw t]¿jy≥

Ime-L-´-Øns‚ A¥y-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xp-amb t]cm-Wv (H. -t\m. sPmko-^-kn-s‚,

B‚n-Izn‰okv 12.3.3 & 2 a°m_y¿ 11:27). Cu ]Zw {]hr. 5:21 ¬ ""k≥sl-{Zo≥''t\m-sSm∏w

eqs°mkv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v. {Ko°p kwkm-cn-°p∂ hmb-\-°m¿°v ]Zw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-

\m-bn- m-bn-cn°mw CXn-hnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv (H. -t\m. 1 a°m. 12:35).

B. kps\-{Un-tbm¨ (sunedrion) ˛ ""k≥sl-{Zn≥.'' CXv kn≥ (A-Xn-t\m-sSm-∏w) sl{Um (Ccn-

∏Sw) F∂o ]Z-ß-fpsS kwbp-‡-amWv. CXv {Ko°p-]-ZsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw CXv Acm-

ay-bn-emWp]tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv F∂Xv AXn-i-b-Ic-am-Wv. a°m-_nb Ime-L-´-Øns‚ Ah-

km\amb-t∏m-tg°pw CXv sbcqi-te-anse sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS ]c-tam-∂X tImS-Xn-°p≈ t]cm-

bn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂p (H.- t\m. aØm. 26:59; a¿s°m. 15:1; eqs°m. 22:66; tbml. 11:47; {]hr. 5:27).

sbcqi-te-an\p ]pd-Øp≈ {]mtZ-inI \ymbm-[n] Iu¨kn-ep-Iƒ°pw Cu t]cv D]-tbm-Kn-

°m≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏m-gmWv {]iv\w Bcw- n-®-Xv (H. -t\m. aØm. 5:22; 10:17).

C. {]kv_n-‰o-cn-tbm≥ (presbithrion) ˛ ""aq∏-∑m-cpsS kwLw'' (H.- t\m. eqs°m. 22:66). tKm{X-

Ø-e-h-∑m¿°p≈ ]g-b-\n-b-a- \maam-Wn-Xv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw sbcq-i-te-anse ]c-am-[n-Imc tImS-

Xn-sbbpw CXp kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (H.- t\m. {]hr. 22:5).

D. _yqen (boulh) ˛ ""kwLw'' F∂ Cu ]Zw hnhn[ \ymbm-[n]kwLsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥

sPmko^kv D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v (A-Xm. bp≤-ßƒ 2.16.2; 5.4.2 ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn-¬ Cu ]Zw C-

√): (1) tdmanse sk\‰v; (2) {]mtZ-inI tdmam tImS-Xn-Iƒ; (3) sbcqi-te-anse sblqZ ]c-

tam-∂X tImSXn; (4) {]tZ-inI sblqZ tImS-Xn-Iƒ. Cu ]Z-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v (A-Xm. _yqse-bq-

‰o-kv˛bouleuthj) Acn-a-Yy-bnse tbmtk-^ns\ k≥sl-{Zo≥ kwLmw-K-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. AXn-\¿∞w ""Iu¨kn-ewKw'' F∂m-Wv. H. -t\m.- a¿s°m. 15:45; eqs°m. 23:50).

III. Ncn-{X-]-c-amb hnImkw

{]hmkm-\-¥c Ime-L- -Øn¬ F{km-bmWv alm-kn-\-tKmKv cq]o-I-cn-®-sX∂v A\p-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp∂p

(H. -t\m. DØ-a. 6:1 s‚ X¿Kqw).- C-XmWv tbip-hns‚ ImesØ k≥sl-{Zo≥ Bbn amdn-b-Xv.

A. sbcqi-te-an¬ c≠p {][m\ tImS-Xn-Iƒ- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn anjv\m (A-Xm. X¬aq-Zv, H.- t\m.

k≥sl. 7:1) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

1. H∂v 70 (A-Yhm 71) AwK-ß-fp-≈Xv (k≥sl. 1:6. tamsi-bmWv kwJy. 11 ¬ BZy k≥sl-

{Zo≥ cq]o-I-cn-®-sX-∂p-t]mepw ]d-bp-∂p, H.- t\m. kwJy. 11:16˛25).

2. 23 AwK-ß-fp≈ H∂v (C-sXmcp]t£ {]mtZ-inI kn\-tKmKv tImS-Xn-I-fm-bn-cn-°mw).

3. sbcq-i-te-an¬ aq∂v 23 AwK k¿sl-{Zo-\p-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn Nne sblqZ ]fin-X-

∑m¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ H∂n®p IqSp-tºmƒ c≠p A≤y-£-∑m¿ Dƒs∏sS 71 AwK-ß-

fp≈ ""alm k≥sl-{Zo≥'' Bbn-Øocpw (A-Xm. \mkn & Ahv s_‰v Zo≥).

a. Hcp ]utcm-lnXyw (kZq-Iy¿)

b. Hcp \nb-a-]cw (]co-i-∑m¿)

c. Hcp D∂-XIpe-PmX¿ (aq∏-∑m¿)

B. {]hm-km-\-¥c Ime-L- -Øn¬ aS-ßn-h∂ ZmhoZy k¥Xn skcp-∫m-t_epw Al-tcm\y k¥

Xn tbmip-hbpw Bbn-cp-∂p. skcp-∫m-t_-ens‚ ac-W-tijw ZmhoZy k¥-Xn-bpsS XpS¿®-bn

√m-Xn-cp∂Xn\m¬ \ymbm-[n-]-hkv{Xw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿°pw (H.- t\m. 1 a¿s°m. 12:6) {]mtZ-

inI t\Xm-°-∑m¿°pw am{Xw Ah-Im-i-am-bn-Øo¿∂p (H. -t\m. s\sl. 2:16; 5:7).

C. sle-\n-ÃnIv Ime-L- -Ønse \oXn\ymb Xocp-am-\-ß-fn-ep≈ Cu ]utcm-lnXy ]¶m-fnØw

Untbm-tUm-dkv 40:3:4˛5 ¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v.

D. `c-W-Ønse Cu ]utcm-lnXy ]¶v skeq-Iykv Ime-L- -Ønepw XpS¿∂p. tPmko- kv Xs‚

59

B‚n-Izn-‰okv 12.138˛142 ¬ ""alm-\mb'' At¥ym-°kv aq∂m-as\ (_n.-kn. 223˛187) D≤-cn-°p-

∂p-≠v.

E. sPmko- -kns‚ B‚n-Izn-‰okv 13.10.5˛6; 13.15.5 {]Imcw Cu ]utcm-lnXy A[n-Imcw a°m_y

Ime-L- -Ønepw XpS¿∂p.

F. tdma≥ Ime-L- -Øn¬ kndn-b-bnse Kh¿W¿ (A-Xm. Km_o-\n-b-kv, _n.- kn. 57˛55) A©v

{]mhniy ""k≥sl-{Zo-\p-Iƒ'' ÿm]n-®p. (H. -t\m. sPmko-^-kv, B‚n-Izn-‰okv 14.5.4; bp≤-

ßƒ 1.8.5). ]n∂oSv tdmw CXns\ Akm-[p-hm°n (_n. kn. 47 ¬).

G. k≥sl-{Zo≥ sltcm-Zm-hp-ambn cmjv{Sob G‰p-ap- ¬ \S-Øp-Ibpw (B‚n-Izn-‰okv 14.9.3- 5) sltcm-

Zmhv _n. kn. 37 ¬ Xncn®Sn-°p-Ibpw ]c-tam-∂X tImS-Xn-bnse an°-hmdpw t]¿ sIm√-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw sNbvXp (H. -t\m. sPmko- -kv, B‚n-Izn-‰okv 14.9.4; 15.1.2).

H. tdma≥ Kh¿W-dpsS Iogn¬ (F. Un. 6˛66) k≥sl-{Zo≥ ho≠pw \n¿Æm-bI A[nIm-chpw

kzm[o-\hpw B¿÷n-®-Xmbn sPmko- kv ]d-bp∂p (B‚n-Izn-‰okv 20.200, 251; H.- t\m. a¿s°m.

14:55). alm-]p-tcm-ln-X- Ip-Spw-_-Øns‚ A≤y-£-X-bn¬ k≥sl-{Zo≥ \ymbw hn[n-°p∂ aq∂p

hnNm-c-W-I-fpsS kw`hw ]pXnb \nbaw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v.

1. tbip-hns‚ hnkvXmcw (H. -t\m. a¿s°m. 14:53˛15:1; tbml. 18:12˛23, 28˛32)

2. ]s{Xmkpw tbml-∂m\pw (H.- t\m. {]hr. 4:3˛6)

3. ]usemkv (H.- t\m. {]hr. 22:25˛30).

I. F.- Un. 66 ¬ sblq-Z-∑m¿ Iem]w D≠m-°nbXns\-Øp-S¿∂v tdmam-°m¿ sblq-Z kaq-l-

sØbpw F.- Un. 70 ¬ sbcqi-te-an-s\bpw \in-∏n-®p. k≥sl-{Zo≥ Fs∂-t∂-°p-ambn ]ncn-®p-

hn-S-s∏´p; F¶nepw ]co-i-∑m¿ Pmav\n-b-bn¬ HØp-tN¿∂v sblqZ aX-Po-hn-X-Øn-te°v Hcp

]c-am-[n-Imc \ymb-[n]kwLsØ (AXm. t_Øv Zo≥, knhn¬, cmjv{Sob kwL-a-√) aS-°n-

s°m-≠p-h-cp-hm≥ {i-an-°-bp-≠m-bn.

IV. AwKXzw

A. sbcqi-te-anse D∂X tImS-Xnsb°pdn-®p≈ BZy -th-Z-]p-kvXI ]cm-a¿iw 2 Zn\. 19:8˛11

emWv. AXn¬ Dƒs∏- n-cp-∂Xv (1) tehy¿; (2) ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿; (3) IpSpw-_-Ø-e-h-∑m¿ (AXm.

aq∏-∑m¿, H.-t\m. 1 a°m. 14:20; 2 a°m. 4:44) F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.

B. a°m-_y -Im-e-L-´-Øn¬ AXn¬ {][m-\mw-K-ßƒ (1) kZqIy ]ptcm-ln-X-Ip-Spw-_-ßƒ, (2)

{]mtZ-inI D∂X IpSpw-_-ßƒ (H.- t\m. 1 a°m. 7:33; 11:23; 14:28). Cu Ime-L- -Øns‚ Ah-

km-\w, ""imkv{Xn-amcpw'' (tam-ssiI \ymb-{]-amW hnZ-Kv[¿, an°-hmdpw ]co-i-∑m¿) Dƒs∏-Sp-

Ø-s∏- p. Ae-Ivkm-≠¿ Pm-\-kns‚ `mcy item-an-bm-Wn-Xn\p ap≥ssI-sb-Sp-ØXv (_n.- kn.

76- 67). Ah-fmWv ]co-i-∑msc ta[m-hn-Xz-ap≈ kaq-l-am-°n-b-sX∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p (H.- t\m.

sPmko- -kns‚ sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS bp≤-ßƒ 1.5.2).

C. tbip-hns‚ ImeØv tImS-Xn-bn¬ Dƒs∏- n-cp-∂-h¿

1. alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-∑m-cpsS IpSpw-_-°m¿

2. {]mtZ-inI [\nI IpSpw-_-ß-fnse ]pcp-j-∑m¿

3. imkv{Xn-am¿ (H. -t\m. 11:27; eqs°m. 19:47)

V. {KŸ-kqNn

A. Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels, IVP, pp. 728-732B. The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, vol. 5, pp. 268-273C. The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, vol. 10, pp. 203-204D. The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible, vol. 4, pp. 214-218E. Encyclopedia Judaica, vol. 14, pp. 836-839

3:2 ""cm{Xn-bn¬'' ]T-\-Øn\v G‰hpw \√ kabw cm{Xn-bm-sW∂v d∫n-am¿ ]d-bp-∂p, ImcWw B ka-

bØv XS- -ß-sfm-∂p-ap-≠m-hn-√. ChnsS ]t£, tbip-hn-t\mSp IqsS Xs∂ Bcpw ImWm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-

th-≠n-bm-bn-cn°mw \nt°m-tZsamkv cm{Xn-bn¬ h∂-Xv.

tbml-∂ms‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ Hcp hymJym-Xm-hn\v Zzbm¿∞-ßƒ I-s≠-Øm-sa-∂Xv Hcp-hs\ A¤p-

X-s∏-Sp-Øn-tb-°mw. shfn-®hpw Ccp´pw XΩn¬ XpS¿am-\-am-bp≈ sshcp[yw tbml-∂ms‚ {]tXy-I-X-

bmWv (ImWp-I, Net Bible, t]Pv. 1898, # 7 Sn).

� ""d∫n'' tbml-∂m-\n¬ CXn-\¿∞w ""D]-tZ-jvSmhv'' F∂mWv (H. -t\m. 1:38; 4:31; a¿s°m. 9:5; 11:21).

sblqZ {]am-Wnamsc Ae- nb hnj-b-ß-fn-sem∂v tbip d∫n-am-cpsS ssZh-imkv{X ]mT-im-e-I-fn-sem-∂n

epw ]Tn-®n- n-√ F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. \k-td-Ønse kn\-tKm-Knse ]T-\-Øn-\p-tijw Ah≥ X¬aqZv ]T\w \S-

Øn-bn-cp-∂n-√.

60

� ""ssZh-Øns‚ ASp-°¬ \n∂pw h∂n-cn-°p∂p'' \o {]tbmKw Du∂-en-\mbn hmN-I-Øns‚ Bcw- -

Øn¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. CXv Bh. 18:15,18 se {]h-N-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kqN-\-bm-Imw. \nt°m-tZsamkv

tbip-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-I-fp-sSbpw hm°p-I-fp-sSbpw i‡n Xncn-®-dn-™p. F∂m¬ Ah≥ Bflo-b-ambn

ssZh-hp-ambn \nc-∏n-em-sW∂v AXn-\¿∞-an-√.

� ""ssZhw Ah-t\mSp IqsS-bn-s√-¶n¬'' kPoh bmYm¿∞ysØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ aq∂mw Xcw tkm]m-

[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv.

3:5,11 ""Bta≥, Bta≥'' hnizmkw F∂-Xn-\p≈ ]-gb-\nba ]Z-Øn¬ \n∂m-WnXp h∂-Xv. ""Dd-∏m-bn-cn-

°pI,'' ""Xo¿®-bm-bn-cn-°pI'' F∂mWv aqe-]ZØns‚ A¿∞w. kp{]-[m\ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ°p apºv tbip

CXp-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p. kXy-{]-kvXm-h-\-Isf Dd-∏n-°p∂ km[m-cW {]tbm-K-ambn CXv ]n∂oSp]tbm-Kn-°-

s∏- p. Cc´ {]tbmKw tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ am{Xw {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. ""Bta≥'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚

Bh¿Øn-®p≈ Cc- -{]-tbmKw tbiphpw \nt°m-tZ-samkp-am-bp≈ kw`m-j-W-Øns‚ L -ßsf shfn-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂p. 1:51 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: Bta≥ ImWp-I.

� ""C√ F¶n¬'' 3:2 se \nt°m-tZ-samkns‚ {]kvXm-h-\bv°p Xpey-amb tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv.

�

NASB, NKJV, TEV ""ho≠pw P\n-°pI''

NRSV, NJB ""apI-fn¬ \n∂pw P\n-°pI''

At\m-tØ≥ (anoqen) F∂ ]Z-Øn-\¿∞w:

1. ""c≠m-aXv imco-cn-I-ambn P\n-°pI''

2. ""P\-\m-cw`w'' (H.- t\m. {]hr. 26:4

3. ""apI-fn¬ \n∂p P\n-°pI.'' CXmWv Chn-sS -A-\p-tbmPyw (H .-t\m. 3:7,31; 19:11)

tbml-∂m≥ c≠pw kXy-amb Zzbm¿∞ ]Z-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ as‰mcp DZm-l-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. (H.-

t\m. Baur, Arnadt, Gengrich and Danker’s A Greek English Lexicon of the New Testament, P.77) hm. 4 ¬

\n∂pw hy‡-am-Ip∂X\p-k-cn-®v, \nt°m-tZ-samkv H∂m-asØ A¿∞-am-W-Xn\p Iev]n-®-Xv. tbml-∂m\pw

]s{Xmkpw (H. -t\m. 1 ]s{Xm. 1:23) Cu IpSpw-_-km-Zr-iysØ c£bv°v D]-tbm-Kn®p; ]usemkv AXn\v

ZsØ-Sp∏v F∂ ]Z-ap-]-tbm-Kn®p. Chn-sS {i≤ -tI-{μo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv P\n-∏n-°p∂ ]nXm-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-bn-

emWv (H. -t\m. 1:13). c£ ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\hpw {]hr-Øn-bp-amWv (H. -t\m. 1:12˛13; tdma. 3:21˛24; 6:23;

Fs^. 2:8˛9.

� ""Im◊m≥- A-h\p Ign-I-bn√'' Cu ssien, hm. 5 se ""IS-∏m≥ Ign-I-bn√'' F∂-Xn\p kam-¥-c-

amWv.

� ""ssZh-cmPyw'' Cu ]Zw tbml-∂m-\n¬ c≠p- {]m-hiyw am{Xta D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈q (H.- t\m. -hm. 5).

kam-¥c kphn-ti-j-ß-fnse Hcp Xmt°m¬ {]tbm-K-am-Wn-Xv. tbip-hns‚ BZy-sØbpw Ahkm\sØbpw

{]`m-j-W-ßƒ, Ahs‚ an°-hmdpw D]-a-Iƒ F√mw Cu hnj-bsØ kw_-‘n-®m-bn-cp-∂p. C∂v a\p-jy-

lr-Z-b-ß-fn-ep≈ ssZhnI `c-WsØbmWnXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv! tbml-∂m≥ Cu {]tbmKw c≠p {]mhiyw

am{Xta D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p≈q (tb-ip-hns‚ D]-a-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-an-√) F∂Xv AXn-i-b-I-c-am-Wv. Xmsg-

bp≈ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I. tbml-∂ms\ kw_-‘n®v ""\nXy-Po-h≥'' BWv Xmt°m¬]-Zhpw

kmZr-iy-hpw.

Cu {]tbmKw tbip-hns‚ D]-tZ-i-ß-fnse A¥yIme kw_-‘n-bmb Du∂-ep-ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-

∂p. Cu ""kw -hn®p Ign-™p, ]t£ Bbn- n√'' F∂ ssZh-imkv{X sshcp[yw, c≠p bpK-ßsf kw_-

‘n® sblqZ ho£-W-tØmSp _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p: h¿Ø-am-\-Ime Xn∑-bpsS bpKhpw ainlm XpS-°w

Ipdn-°p∂Xpw hcm-\n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb \oXn-bp-Khpw. Bflm-hn-\m¬ i‡n-{]m-]n® ssk\nI t\Xm-hns‚

(]gb \nbaØnse \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-sc-t∏mse) Hcp BK-a\w am{Xta sblq-Z-∑m¿ {]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂p-≈q.

tbip-hns‚ c≠v BK-a-\-ßƒ c≠p bpK-ßƒ XΩn¬ AXn-{I-an®p Ib-dp-∂-Xn\p Imc-W-am-bn. t_Øvte-

tl-anse PU-[m-c-W-Øn-eqsS ssZh-cmPyw a\p-jy-N-cn-{X-Øn-te°v AXn-{I-an®p Ibdn F¶nepw tbip

shfn-∏mSv 19 se ssk\nI tPXm-hm-bn- -√, IjvS-s∏-Sp∂ Zmk\pw (H.- t\m. sbi. 53) Xmgva-bp≈ t\Xmhpw

(H.- t\m. skJ. 9:9) BbmWv h∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ cmPyw DZvLm-S\w sNø-s∏´p F¶nepw (H. -t\m. aØm.

3:2; 4:17; 10:7; 11:12; 12:28; a¿s°m. 1:15; eqs°m. 9:9,11; 11:20; 21:31- 22) ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-Øn-se-Øn-bn√ (H. -t\m.

aØm-bn 6:10; 16:28; 26:64).

Cu c≠p bpK-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ kwL¿j-Øn-emWv hnizm-kn-Iƒ Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿°v ]p\-cp-∞m\

Poh-\p-≠v, F¶nepw Ah-cn-t∏mgpw Znh-tk\ acn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ ]m]-Øns‚ i‡n-bn¬ \n∂pw hnSp-hn-°-

s∏´p F¶nepw Ah-cn-t∏mgpw ]m]w sNøp-∂p. kw -hn®p Ign-™p F∂m¬ C\nbpw Bbn- n√ F∂ A¥y-

Ime kw_-‘n-bmb kwL¿j-Øn-em-W-h¿ Pohn-°p-∂-Xv!

tbml-∂m-\nse kw -hn-®p-I-gn™p˛F∂m¬˛C\nbpw˛Bbn- n√ F∂ kwL¿j-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ klm-

61

b-I-c-amb Hcp shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ {^m¶v ÃmKns‚ \yq sSÃsa‚ v Xntbm-fPn F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ ImWmw.

""tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw Hcp `mhn-Ime BK-a-\-sØ-°p-dn®v Xd-∏n-®p- ]-d-bp-Ibpw (14:3, 18

apX¬, 28; 16:16,22) ""HSp-°sØ \mfn''se ]p\-cp-∞m-\-sØbpw A¥y-\m-b-hn-[n-sbbpw Ipdn®v

hy‡-ambn ]d-bp-Ibpw (5:28 apX¬; 6:39 apX¬, 44,54; 11:24; 12:48) sNøp∂p. F¶nepw Cu \memw

kphn-ti-j-Øn-ep-S-\ofw \nXy-Po-h≥, \ymb-hn-[n, ]p\-cp-∞m\w F∂nh h¿Ø-am-\-Ime bmYm¿∞y-

ß-fmWv (3:18apX¬; 4:23; 5:25; 6:54; 11:23 apX¬; 12:28,31, 13:31 apX¬; 14:17; 17:26)'' t]Pv 311).

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ssZh-cmPyw]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ btlmh bn{km-tb-ens‚ cmPm-hmbpw (H.- t\m. 1 iaq. 8:7; k¶o. 10:16; 24:7- 9;

9:10; 44:4; 89:18; 95:3; sbi. 43:15; 44:4,6) ainlm amXrIm cmPm-hmbpw (H.- t\m. k¶o. 2:6; sbi. 9:6- 7;

11:1˛5) IW-°m-°-s∏- n-cp-∂p. t_Øvte-sl-an¬ tbip P\n-®-tXmsS (_n.- kn. 6˛4) ssZh-cmPyw am\-h-

N-cn-{X-Øn-te°v ]pXnb i‡n-tbmSpw hos≠-Sp-t∏m-Spw-IqSn AXn-{I-an-®p-I-bdn (]p-Xnb \nbaw H.- t\m.

bnsc. 31:31˛34; sbsl. 36:27˛36). tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I-≥ ssZh-cmPyw kao-]n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂p {]Jym-

]n®p (H.- t\m. aØm. 3:2; a¿s°m. 1:15). ssZh-cmPyw X∂nepw Xs‚ D]-tZ-i-ß-fnepw shfn-s∏- n-cn-

°p∂psh∂v tbip hy‡-ambn ]Tn-∏n®p (H.- t\m. -a-Øm. 4:17,23; 9:35; 10:7; 11:11- 12; 12:28; 16:19; a¿s°m.

12:34; eqs°m. 10:9,11; 11:20; 12:31- 32; 16:16; 17:21). F¶nepw cmPyw `mh-bn¬ kw -hn-t°-≠-Xp≠v (H. -t\m.

aØm. 16:28; 24:14; 26:29; a¿s°m. 9:1; eqs°m. 21:31; 22:16,18).

kam-¥-c- kp-hn-ti-j-ß-fmb a¿s°m-knepw eqs°m-knepw ""ssZh-cmPyw'' F∂ {]tbmKw \mw

ImWp-∂p. tbip-hns‚ D]-tZ-i-ß-fpsS Cu km[m-c-W-hn-j-b-Øn¬ a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ß-fn-ep≈ ssZh-

Øns‚ Ct∏m-gsØ hmgvNbpw ˛ AXv Hcp-\mƒ `qan-bn-se√mw hym]n®v ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-Øn-seØpw ˛

Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. CXv aØmbn 6:10 se tbip-hns‚ {]m¿∞-\-bn¬ {]Xn- -en-∏n-®n- p-≠v. sblq-Z-∑m¿°p

th≠n Fgp-Xnb aØmbn ssZh-Øns‚ \maw D]-tbm-Kn-°mØ Hcp {]tbmKw (kz¿§-cm-Pyw) Xnc-s™-

Sp-Øp. F∂m¬ PmXn-Iƒ°p-th≠n Fgp-Xnb a¿s°mkpw eqs°mkpw ssZhnI \maw D]-tbm-Kn®v

km[m-cW t]cp-Iƒ \¬In. CXp ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fnse Hcp Xmt°m¬ ]-Z-{]-tbm-K-am-Wv.

tbip-hns‚ BZysØbpw Ah-km-\-sØbpw {]`m-j-W-ßƒ, Ahs‚ an°-hmdpw D]-a-Iƒ F√mw

Cu hnj-bsØ kw_-‘n-®m-bn-cp-∂p. C∂v a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ß-fn-ep≈ ssZhn-I - -c-W-sØ-bm-WnXp kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂Xv! tbml-∂m≥ Cu {]tbmKw c≠p-{]m-hiyw am{Xta D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≈q (tb-ip-hns‚ D]-a-

I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-an-√) F∂Xv AXn-i-b-I-c-am-Wv. ""\nXy-Po-h≥'' BWv tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-

Ønse Xmt°m¬ kmZr-iyw.

Cu {]tbm-K-Ønse kwL¿j-Øn\v ImcWw {InkvXp-hns‚ c≠p- h-c-hp-I-fmWv. ]g-b-\n-baw

ssZh-Øns‚ ain-lm-bpsS Hscm‰ hc-hns\ ˛ ssk\n-Ihpw, \ymbw hn[n-°p-∂, al-Xz-]q¿Æ-hpamb

hchv ˛ am{X-am-Wv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ ]pXnb \nbaw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv Ah≥ H∂m-aXv

sbi. 53 se IjvS-s∏-Sp∂ Zmk-\mbpw skJ. 9:9 se Xmgva-bp≈ cmPm-hmbpw h∂p F∂m-Wv. c≠v

sblqZ bpK-ß-fmb ZpjvS-X-bpsS bpKhpw \oXn-bp-sS bpKhpw ]c-kv]cw AXn-{I-an®p Ib-dn-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. tbip Ct∏mƒ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ hmgp-∂p. F∂m¬ Hcp Zn\w Ah≥ k¿Δ krjvSn-I-

fpsStaepw hmgpw. ]gb \nbaw {]h-Nn-®-Xp-t]mse Ah≥ hcpw! hnizm-kn-Iƒ C∂v ssZh-cm-Py-Øns‚

kw -hn-®p-I-gn™p'' F∂m¬ ""C\nbpw Bbn- n√'' F∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Pohn-°p∂p (H.- t\m. Gardon D.Fee and Douglas Stuart’s How to Read the Bible For All Its Worth PP. 131-134).

tbml-∂m≥ 3:4˛84\nt°mtZsamkv Aht\mSp: a\pjy≥ hr≤\mbtijw P\n°p∂Xp Fßs\? c≠maXpw

AΩbpsS DZcØn¬ IS∂p P\n°mtam F∂p tNmZn®p. 5AXn∂p tbip: Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥

\nt∂mSp ]dbp∂p: sh≈Ømepw Bflmhn\mepw P\n®n√ F¶n¬ ssZhcmPyØn¬ IS∏m≥

B¿°pw IgnbpIbn√. 6PUØm¬ P\n®Xp PUw BIp∂p; Bflmhn\m¬ P\n®Xp Bflmhp

BIp∂p. 7\nßƒ ]pXpXmbn P\n°Ww F∂p Rm≥ \nt∂mSp ]dbpIbm¬ B›cys∏ScpXp.8Im‰p C„apt≈SØp DuXp∂p; AXns‚ i–w \o tIƒ°p∂p; F¶nepw AXp FhnsS\n∂p

hcp∂p F∂pw FhntS°p t]mIp∂p F∂pw Adnbp∂n√; Bflmhn\m¬ P\n®h≥ F√mw AXp

t]mse BIp∂p F∂p DØcw ]d™p.

3:5 ""sh≈-Ømepw Bflm-hn-\mepw P\n-®n√ F¶n¬'' CXp as‰mcp aq∂mw Xcw tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-

Wv. Chn-sS-sbmcp sshcp-≤y-ap≠v (tbm-l-∂ms‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fnse ]Xn-h-\p-k-cn-®v)

1. `uXn-I-Øn\v FXn-cmbn BflnIw (""B-flmhv'' F∂-Xn\v hnth-NI t`ZIw C√)

2. `uan-I-Øn\v FXn-cmbn kz¿§obw

62

Cu sshcp-[y-Øns‚ [z\n hm. 6 ¬ D≠v.

""sh≈''-Øns‚ A¿∞w kw_-‘n-®p≈ kn≤m-¥-ßƒ

1. d∫n-am¿ ]pcp-j-_o-PsØ kqNn-∏n-°m-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p

2. inip-P-\\w F∂ sh≈w

3. am\-km-¥-c-Øns‚ {]Xo-I-amb tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\w

4. Bflm-hn-ep≈ BNm-c-]-c-amb Xfn-°¬ F∂ ]g-b-\n-ba ]›m-Øew (H.- t\m. sbsl. 36:25˛27).

5. {InkvXob kv\m\w (\n-t°m-tZ-samkv B A¿∞-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cn-°m≥ hgn-bn-s√-¶nepw

PÃn\pw sFtd-\n-b-kp-amWv BZy-ambn kqNn-∏n-®-Xv)

kμ¿ -a-\p-k-cn®v kn≤m¥w #3 ˛ tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\hpw ainlm ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ kv\m\w Ign-∏n-

°p-sa-∂p≈ tbml-∂ms‚ {]kvXm-h-\-bpw ˛ Bbn-cn°mw G‰hpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb A¿∞w. Cu kμ¿ -

a-\p-k-cn®v P\\w kmZr-iy-amWv; ]ZsØ kw_-‘n®p≈ \nt°m-tZ-sam-kns‚ sX‰n-≤m-cW hymJym-\-

Øn¬ anI®p \n¬°m≥ A\p-hZn-®p-Iq-Sm. AXn-\m¬ kn≤m¥w #1 A\p-tbm-Py-a-√. \nt°m-tZ-samkv tbip-

hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ ]n¬°m-eØp≠mb {InkvXob kv\m\sØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xmbn a\- n-em-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-

s√-¶nepw As∏m-kvX-e-\mb tbml-∂m≥ tbip-hns‚ Ncn{X hmNI-ß-fn¬ Xs‚ ssZh-imkv{Xw ]e-

t∏mgpw Iqń-t®¿Øn-cp∂p (H. -t\m. hm. 14˛21) F∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw- CXpw Aßs\ h∂-Xm-Im-sa∂p Icp-Xm≥

\ymb-ap≠v. kn≤m¥w #2, apI-fn¬ \n∂pw x Xmsg \n∂pw, ssZhn-I -X-ehpw x am\p-jn-I- X-ehpw F∂

tbml-∂ms‚ Zzμz-tØmSp tbmPn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu ]Z-ßsf \n¿h-Nn-°p-tºmƒ Ah ]c-kv]cw hncp-≤-

amtWm (# 1 AYhm # 2) AtXm ]qc-I-ß-fmtWm (# 4) F∂p Xocp-am-\n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

Un.- F. Im¿k¨ FIvkn-Po-‰n-°¬ ^m√-kokv F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ as‰mcp km[yX Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-

∂p. c≠p ]Z-ßfpw Hcp P\-\sØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p ˛ AXm-bXv bnsc. 31:31˛34 se ""]pXnb \nba''-sØ

hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂ sbsl. 36:25- 27 A\p-k-cn-®p≈ A¥y-Imeimkv{X kw_-‘n-bmb P\-\w.

F v. F v.- {_qkv B≥tkgvkv Sp IzÃy≥kv F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬, tbip-hns‚ hm°p-I-fpsS ]nºnep≈

]g-b-\nba kqN-\-bmbn sbsl-kvtI-ens\ ImWp-∂p. AsXmcp ]t£ sblqZ aXm-\p-kmc kv\m\-am-bn-

cn-°mw (t{]m-k-sse‰v _m]v‰n-kw). {it≤b\msbmcp d_n-bmb \nt°mtZ-samkpw AXm-bn-cn°mw a\- n-

em-°n-bXv! (t]. 67).

� ""ssZh-cmPyw'' Hcp ]pcm-X\ {Ko°p Isø-gp-Øp -{]-Xn-bnepw (A-Xm. Isø-gpØp {]Xn a) At\I

k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS Fgp-Øp-I-fnepw aØmbn kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ km[m-c-W-bmbn ImWp∂ ""kz¿§-cmPyw''

F∂m-Wn-hnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw ""ssZh-cmPyw'' F∂ {]tbmKw hm. 3 ¬ ImWmw.

(hm. 3 epw hm. 5 epw am{X-amWv tbml-∂m-\n¬ Cu {]tbmKw hcp-∂-Xv). PmXn-Iƒ°v Fgp-Xp∂ tbml-

∂m≥ (H∏w a¿s°mkpw eqs°mkpw) sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS ssZh-\m-asØ hf-®p-sIń ]d-bp-∂Xv Hgn-hm-°n-bn-

cn-°p-∂p.

3:6 ChnsS ho≠pw ew_ Zzμw (ap-I-fn¬ x Xmsg) D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. tbml-∂m-\n¬ CXp km[m-c-W-

amWv (H.- t\m.- hm. 11).

3:7 ""\nßƒ ... \nt∂mSp'' c≠m-a-tØXv \nt°m-tZ-samkns\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ GI-h-N-\hpw BZy-tØXv

kIe a\p-jy¿°pw _m[-I-amb s]mXp-XXzw kqNn-∏n-°p∂ _lp-h-N-\-hp-amWv (k-am-\-amb GI-h-N\,

_lp-h-N\ D]-tbmKw hm. 11 epw ImWmw).

Xß-fpsS hwiob ]n¥p-S¿®-bn¬ B{i-bn-°m-\p≈ sblqZ {]h-W-X-bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ CXns\

hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ Hcp-h≥ ]co-£n-°-s∏-t´-°mw (H.- t\m. 4:12; 8:53). H∂mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ A¥y-tØmSp

IqSn cN\ \n¿h-ln-°p∂ tbml-∂m≥, Kvt\mÃn-kn-k-sØbpw H∏w Xs∂ sblq-Zs‚ hwiob Ak-ln-

jvWp-X-sbbpw t\cn-Sp∂p F∂p hy‡-am-Wv.

� ""thWw'' {Ko°p- {Inb tUbn (B-£. ""AXm-h-iy-amWv'' (BAGD 172) (h¿Ø-am-\-Ime I¿Øcn

kqN-Iw) 3˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ 3 {]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p (hm. 7,14,30). AXp kqNn-∏n-°p∂Xv ssZhnI

]≤Xn apt∂m´p t]mIp-∂-Xn\v Nne Imcy-ßƒ kw -hn-t°Ww F∂mWv (H.- t\m. 4:24; 9:4; 12:34; 20:9).

3:8 ""Im‰v'' ""izmkw'' ""Bflmhv'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ F{_mb (A-cm-ay) ]Z-amb dphmlv, {Ko°p-]Zw ]v\yqam

F∂nh D]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ Hcp ]Z-hn-\ymkw ChnsS ImWmw. Im‰n\p kzmX-{¥y-ap-≠v. AXp-t]mse Bflm-

hn\pw D≠v F∂ kqN-\-bm-Wn-hn-sS-. Hcp-h\v Im‰ns\ ImWm-\m-hn-√, ]t£- êw Adnbmw; AXp-t]m-se-

bmWv Bflm-hn-s‚- Imcy-Ønepw. a\p-jys‚ c£ Ahs‚ \nb-{¥-W-Øn-e-√, Bflm-hns‚ \nb-{¥-W-

Øn-em-Wv (-H. -t\m. sbsl. 37). hm. 5˛7 CtX kXysØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-Im≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. c£-

sb-∂Xv Bflm-hns‚ ap≥I-sø-Sp-°-en-s‚bpw (H. -t\m. 6:44,65). hy‡n-bpsS hnizmkw/am\-km-¥c {]Xn-

I-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw kwbp-‡-am-Wv (H.- t\m. 1:12; 3:16,18).

tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw Bflm-hns‚ Bf-Xz-Ønepw {]hrØnbnepw kam-\-X-I-fn-√mØ hn[w {i≤-

tI-{μo-I-cn-°p∂p (H. -t\m. 14:17,25˛26; 16:7-˛15). \oXn-bpsS ]pXnb bpKsØ ssZhm-flm-hns‚ bpK-ambn

Ah≥ ImWp-∂p.

63

Nne Bfp-Iƒ kphn-tijw ImWp-tºmƒ/tIƒ°p-tºmƒ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw a‰p-≈-h¿ hniz-kn-°m-Xn-

cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-sX-¥p-sIm≠v F∂ hnja-{]-iv\-Øn\v hm. 8 Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂p. Bflm-hn-\m¬ kv]¿in-

°-s∏-SmsX B¿°pw hniz-kn-°m≥ Ign-I-bn-s√∂v tbml-∂m≥ hy‡-am-°p-∂p (H. -t\m. 1:13; 6:64, 65). Cu

hmIyw B ssZh-im-kv{XsØ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw DS-ºSn {]Xn-I-c-W-Øns‚ hnjbw (ssZ-

hnI hmKvZm-\-Øns‚ am\p-jnI kzoI-c-Ww) Bflmhv F√m-h-scbpw Ct∏mgpw kv]¿in-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p

F∂p hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Nne¿ F¥p-sIm≠v hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Iq´m-°p-∂n√ F∂Xv A[¿Ω-Øns‚ hen-

sbmcp a¿Ω-amWv (A-Xm-bXv hogvN-bpsS kzb˛tI{μo-Ir-XXzw). Rm≥ {]mb-am-Ip-t¥m-dpw, Fs‚ ss__nƒ

IqSp-X¬ ]Tn-°p-t¥mdpw, ssZh-P-\-Øn\v Rm≥ IqSp-X¬ ip{iqj sNøp-t¥mdpw Pohn-X-Øn-ep-S-\o-f-ap≈

""a¿Ωw'' kw_-‘n®v Rm≥ IqSp-X¬ Fgp-Xp-∂p. \msa-√m-hcpw am\p-jnI adp-X-en-∏ns‚ Ccp≠ aqS¬a-

™n-\p-≈n¬ (AXm. 1 sImcn. 13:12) Pohn-°p-∂p. AXns\ hni-Zo-I-cn-°mt\m Hcp hyh-ÿnX ssZh-imkv{Xw

hnI-kn-∏n®v as‰mcp- hn-[-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-°mt\m {]m]vXn t\Sp-∂Xv {InkvXp-hn-eqsS ssZh-Øn¬ B{i-

bn-°p-∂-Xnt\mfw {]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p-∂-X√. Ctøm_v Hcn-°epw ""F¥p-sIm≠v'' F∂p- tNm-Zn-®n√!

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: izmkw, Im‰v, BflmhvF{_m-b-]Zw dphmlv (BDB 924), {Ko°p]Zw ]v\yqam (H.- t\m. tbml. 3:5,8) F∂o c≠p-]-Z-

ßƒ°pw ""Bflm-hv,'' ""izmkw,'' ""Im‰v'' F∂o A¿∞-ß-fp-≠v (H.- t\m. tbml. 3:5,8). Bflm-hns\

an°-t∏mgpw krjvSn-∏n-t\mSp _‘-s∏-SpØn ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p (H.- t\m. Dev]. 1:2; Ctøm. 26:13; k¶o.

104:29˛30; 147:14˛18). ssZhhpw Bflmhpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘sØ ]gb\nbaw hy‡-ambn \n¿h-Nn-®n- n-√.

Ctøm. 28:26˛28; k¶o. 104:24; kZr. 3:19; 8:22-˛23 F∂o `mK-ß-fn¬ kI-e-sØbpw krjvSn-°p-hm≥

ssZhw ⁄m\sØ (kv{Xo-enw-K-\m-aw) D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xmbn ImWp-∂p. ]pXnb \nbaØn¬ tbip-hns\

ssZhnI krjvSn-bpsS GP‚mbn ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p (H.- t\m. tbml. 1:1˛3; 1 sImcn. 8:6; sImsem. 1:15˛17;

F{_m. 1:2˛3). hos≠-Sp-∏n-se∂ t]mse krjvSn-∏nepw ssZh-Ønse aq∂v Bf-Ø-ßfpw ]¶m-fn-bm-bn-

´p-≠v. Dev]Øn 1 Xs∂ Hcp ZznXob Imc-WsØ FSp-Øp-Im- p-∂n-√.

tbml-∂m≥ 3:9˛159\nt°mtZsamkv Aht\mSp: CXv Fßs\ kw`hn°pw F∂p tNmZn®p. 10tbip Aht\mSp

DØcw ]d™Xp: \o bn{kmtbens‚ D]tZ„mhmbncp∂n´pw CXp Adnbp∂n√tbm? 11Bta≥,

Bta≥, Rm≥ \nt∂mSp ]dbp∂p: Rßƒ Adnbp∂Xp {]kvXmhn°bpw I≠Xp km£o

Icn°bpw sNøp∂p: RßfpsS km£yw \nßƒ ssIs°m≈p∂n√Xm\pw. 12`qanbnep≈Xp

\nßtfmSp ]d™n´p \nßƒ hnizkn°p∂ns√¶n¬ kz¿§Ønep≈Xp \nßtfmSp ]d™m¬

Fßs\ hnizkn°pw? 13kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p Cdßnh∂ [h\mbn kz¿§Øn¬ Ccn°p∂h\mb]a\pjy]p{X≥ A√msX Bcpw kz¿§Øn¬ Ibdo´n√. 14tamsi acp`qanbn¬ k¿∏sØ Db¿

ØnbXpt]mse a\pjy]p{Xs\bpw Db¿tØ≠XmIp∂p. 15Ah\n¬ hnizkn°p∂ Gh\pw

\nXyPoh≥ {]m]nt°≠Xn∂p Xt∂.

3:9-˛10 (1) sblqZm aXm\pkmcnIƒ°p≈ kv\m\Øns‚bpw (2) tbml∂m≥ kv\m]Is‚ {]kwKØn

s‚bpw ASnÿm\Øn¬ tbiphns‚ {]XoImflI ]Z{]tbmKØns‚ A¿∞w \nt°mtZsamkv {Kln

t°≠Xmbncp∂p.

CsXmcp ]s£ am\pjnI ⁄m\Øns‚ t]mcmbvasb°pdn®p≈ a\x∏q¿Δamb Nn{XoIcWamImw; sblq

Z∑mcpsS Hcp {]amWnbmb \nt°mtZsamkns\t∏msebp≈ Hcmƒt]mepw Bflob Imcyßfn¬ A⁄X

bp≈h\mbncn°m≥ km[y-X-bp≠v. am\pjnI⁄m\w c£bv°p≈ am¿§amsW∂p ]Tn∏n®ncp∂ ssiih

Zibnep≈ ⁄m\hmZsØ (Kvt\mÃnknkw) FXn¿°p∂Xn\mbn FgpXs∏´XmWv tbml∂ms‚ kphn

tijw. htcWy h¿§Øn\p am{Xa√, kIe¿°pap≈ kXyshfn®w tbip am{XamWv (H. t\m. 1:9).

3:11 ""Rßƒ Adnbp∂Xp {]kvXmhn°p∂p'' Cu _lphN\ k¿Δ\maw tbiphns\bpw tbml∂m≥

As∏mkvXes\bpw Dt±int®m (H. t\m. hm. 11), As√¶n¬ tbiphns\bpw ]nXmhns\bpw Dt±int®m

BImw. c≠matØXmWv kμ¿`Øn\\ptbmPyw (hm. 12). kphntijw Dulmt]mlßf√, ssZhnI

shfn∏mSmWv!

� ""RßfpsS km£yw \nßƒ ssIs°m≈p∂n√Xm\pw'' tbml∂m≥ ssIs°m≈pI/kzoIcn°pI

(lambanw ˛ ew_mt\m) F∂ ]Zhpw AXns‚ D]k¿K kwbp‡ ]Zßfpw ssZhimkv{X A¿∞Øn¬

Bh¿Øn®v D]tbmKn°p∂p≠v.

1. tbiphns\ ssIs°m≈pI

a. \ntj[mflIambn (1:11; 3:32; 5:47)

b. km[ImflIambn (1:12; 3:11,13; 5:43; 13:20)

64

2. Bflmhns\ ssIs°m≈pI

a. \ntj[mflIambn (14:17)

b. km[ImflIambn (7:39)

3. tbiphns‚ hN\ßsf ssIs°m≈pI

a. \ntj[mflIambn (12:48)

b. km[ImflIambn (17:8)

1:8 se tbiphns\°pdn®p≈ km£nIƒ F∂ {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWpI.

3:12 ""F¶n¬...'' ""]d™m¬'' c≠matØXv FgpØpImcs‚ ho£WØn¬ As√¶n¬ Xs‚ cN\m]camb

e£yØn\p th≠n, kXyambncn°p∂ Hcp H∂mwInS tkm]m[nI hN\amWv. c≠matØXv {]tbmKØn¬

hcptØ≠ aq∂mwInS tkm]m[nI hN\hpamWv.

� ""\nßƒ'' k¿Δ\mahpw {InbIfpw _lphN\ßfmWv. \nt°mtZsamknt\msSm∏w Ahs‚ injy-

∑mtcm As√¶n¬ a‰p ]coi∑mtcm D≠mbncp∂ncn°mw. As√¶n¬ hm. 7, 11 se Ahnizkn°p∂ sblqZ

∑mtcmSp≈ (AXmbXv \nt°mtZsamkv Hcp kaqlØns‚ {]Xn\n[n F∂ \nebn¬) Hcp s]mXp {]kvXm

h\bmImw CXv.

3:13 Cu hmIyw ]nXmhns\°pdn®p≈ tbiphns‚ shfn∏mSv, kXyhpw kºq¿Æhpw t\cn´p {]m]n®Xpw

AXpeyhpamsW∂v Dd∏n°m\pt±in®p≈XmWv (H. t\m. 1:1˛14). tbml∂m\nse ew_am\ ssZzXØns‚

as‰mcp DZmlcWamWnXv: kz¿§hpw `qanbpw; `uXnIhpw Bflobhpw; \nt°mtZsamkns‚ Dev]Ønbpw

tbiphns‚ Dev]Ønbpw (H. t\m. 1:51; 6:33,38,41,50,51,58,62). Cu hmIyw {XnXzØnse \nXy\mb c≠mw

BfXzØns‚ (1) ssZhXzw; (2) ]q¿ΔmkvXnIyw; (3) PU[mcWw F∂nhsb Dd∏n°p∂p ({XnXzw

kw_‘n®v 14:26 s‚ ]T\w ImWpI).

3:14˛21 \nt°mtZsamkpambp≈ tbiphns‚ kw`mjWw Ahkm\n°p∂Xpw tbiphns‚ As√¶n¬

tbml∂m≥ As∏mkvXes‚ hm°pIƒ Bcw`n°p∂Xpw FhnsSbmsW∂v IrXyambn ]dbpI

{]bmkamWv. kaho£W kphntijßƒ tbiphns‚ ]cky D]tZi ip{iqjsb Nn{XoIcn°ptºmƒ

tbml∂m≥, injy∑mcpambp≈ Ahs‚ kzImcy kw`mjWßsfbmWp Nn{XoIcn°p∂sX∂p ImWm≥

Ignbpw. hm. 14˛21 s‚ cq]tcJ Xmsg∏dbp∂ coXnbn¬ Xømdm°mw.

1. hm. 14˛15 tbiphnt\mSp _‘s∏´Xv

2. hm. 16˛17 ]nXmhnt\mSp _‘s∏´Xv

3. hm. 18˛21 a\pjyh¿§tØmSp _‘s∏´Xv

CXp kwkmcn®Xv tbip BtWm tbml∂m≥ BtWm F∂Xv {]kvXmh\bpsS kXysØ _m[n°p∂n√

F∂ Imcyw Hm¿°pI.

3:14 ""tamsi acp`qanbn¬ k¿∏sØ Db¿ØnbXpt]mse'' kwJy. 21:4˛9 ¬ hnhcn®ncn°p∂ bn{km

tbens‚ acp`qan bm{Xbn¬ kw`hn® Hcp \ymbhn[n kw`hsØbmWnhnsS ]cma¿in°p∂Xv. ChnSpsØ

tI{μ kXyw a\pjy¿°v ssZhhN\sØ ]q¿Æambpw a\ nem°m≥ Ign™ns√¶nepw AhcXn¬

B{ibn°pIbpw A\pkcn°pIbpw sNøWsa∂p≈XmWv. bn{kmtb¬ P\w hnizkn°psa¶n¬ k¿∏

Øns‚ ISnbn¬ \n∂pw c£s]Sphm≥ Hcp hgn ssZhw Hcp°n. Ahs‚ hN\tØmSv/ hmKvZØßtfmSp≈

AhcpsS A\pkcWØneqsS Cu hnizmkw sXfnbnt°-W-am-bn-cp∂p (H.t\m. kwJy. 21:8).

� ""Db¿Ønb-Xp-t]mse'' Cu {Ko°p]Zw (H. t\m 8:28; 12:32,34). an°bnSßfnepw ""G‰hpw Db¿Øn''

(H. t\m. {]hr. 2:33; 5:31; ^nen. 2:9) F∂p X¿÷a sNbvXncn°p∂p. Zzbm¿∞Øn¬ tbml∂m≥

D]tbmKn°p∂ as‰mcp ]ZamWnXpw (H. t\m. 1:5; 3:3,8). ssZhhN\w hnizkn®v Xm{ak¿∏sØ t\m°p∂

h¿°v k¿∏Øns‚ IpSntb‰p≈ acWØn¬ \n∂pw hnSpX¬ ssZhw hmKvZm\w sNbvXXpt]mse, ssZh

hN\w ({Iqin¬ Db¿Øs∏´ {InkvXphns\°pdn®p≈ kphntijw) hnizkn°pIbpw tbiphn¬ B{ibn

°pIbpw sNøp∂h¿ ZpjvS\mb k¿∏Øns‚ (]nimNv, ]m]w) ISnbn¬ \n∂pw hnSphn°s∏Spw (c£n°

s∏Spw) (H.t\m. 12:31˛32).

� ""a\pjy]p{X≥'' CXv tbip kzbw hnfn® t]cmWv. AXn\v H∂mw \q‰m≠nse tZiob]ctam, ssk\nI

]ctam, ainsslItam Bb A¿∞ßfp≠mbncp∂n√. sbsl. 2:1; k¶o. 8:4 ˛ AhnsS AXn\v

"a\pjyPohn'' F∂ A¿∞w am{Xta D≈q; Zm\o. 7:13 ˛ ChnsSbXv ssZhsØ kqNn∏n°p∂p ˛ F∂o

hmIyßfn¬ \n∂pamWv Cu ]Zw h∂Xv. ]q¿Æ ssZhhpw ]q¿Æa\pjy\pamb tbiphns‚ BfXzØns‚

ssh]coXy {]IrXsØ kwtbmPn∏n°pIbmWnhnsS Cu t]cneqsS sNøp∂Xv.

� ""Ah\n¬'' CXv tbiphns\°pdn®p≈ bmYm¿∞yßsfbpw (ssZhimkv{X kXyßƒ) am{Xa√

Ah\pambp≈ hy‡n]camb _‘sØbpw kqNn∏n°p∂p. c£ F∂Xv (1) hnizknt°≠ Hcp ktμ

ihpw; (2) AwKoIcn®v A\pkcnt°≠ Hcp hy‡nbpw; (3) B hy‡nsbt∏mse Pohnt°≠ Hcp PohnX

hpamWv.

65

ChnSpsØ hymIcWcq]w Akm[mcWamWv. CXv en(in) F∂ KXn (preposition) tN¿∂

k¿Δ\maamWv. tbml∂m\n¬ ChnsS am{XamWnXp ImWp∂Xv; km[mcWbmbn Fbvk v (eij) F∂

KXnbmWv k¿Δ\ma tØmsSm∏w D]tbmKn°mdp≈Xv. "\nXyPoh≥ {]m]nt°≠Xn\v' F∂Xnt\mSp

_‘s∏SpØp∂Xn\p th≠nbmImw ChnsS C{]Imcw D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂Xv (H. t\m. The new Testa-ment in Basic English by Harold Greenlee).

3:15 ""hnizkn°p∂'' CXp h¿Øam\Ime A]q¿W {InbbmWv. hnizmksa∂Xv XpS¿am\ B{ibamWv.

1:12 s‚ Ipdn∏pw 1:7 sebpw 2:23 sebpw {]tXyI ]T\hnjbhpw ImWpI.

3:15˛18 ""Gh\pw'' (hm. 15) """Gh\pw'' (hm. 16). ""..∂h\p'' (hm. 18) ssZhkvt\lw kIe a\pjy¿°pap≈

£WamWv (H. t\m. sbi. 55:1˛3; sbsl. 18:23,32; tbml. 1:29; 3:16; 6:33, 51; 2 sImcn. 5:19; 1 Xnsam. 2:4; 4:10;

XosØm. 2:11; 2 ]s{Xm. 3:9; 1 tbml. 2:2; 4:14). c£mhmKvZm\w km¿ΔeuInIamsW¶nepw AXns‚ kzoI

cWw Aßs\b√!

3:15,16. ""\nXyPoh≥'' {Ko°p]Zw (zoh˛tkmbn) KpWsØbpw Afhns\bpw kqNn∏n°p∂p (H. t\m.

5:24). aØm. 25:46 ¬ CtX ]Zw \nXy-amb th¿]m-Sns\ ImWn-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. tbml∂m\n¬

tkmbn (33 {]mhiyw A[nIhpw 5,6 A[ymbßfn¬) km[mcWbmbn ({Inbm]Zw imcocnI Pohs\

kqNn∏n°p∂p, 4:50,51,53) ]p\cp∞m\w, acWm\¥c PohnXw AYhm ]pXnbbpKØnse PohnXw, ssZhnI

Poh≥ F∂nhsb kqNn∏n°p∂p.

""\nXyPoh≥'' F∂Xn\v Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂ ImcyØn¬ CXc kphntijßsf At]£n®v tbml∂m≥

thdn´p \n¬°p∂p. Ahs‚ kphntijØns‚ apJyhnjbhpw e£yhpw AXmWv (H.t\m. 3:15; 4:36; 5:39;

6:54,68; 10:28; 12:25; 17:2,3)

tbml-∂m≥ 3:16˛2116Xs‚ GIPmX\mb ]p{X\n¬ hnizkn°p∂ Gh\pw \in®pt]mImsX \nXyPoh≥ {]m]n

t°≠Xn∂p ssZhw Ahs\ \evIphm≥ X°hÆw temIsØ kvt\ln®p. 17ssZhw Xs‚ ]p{Xs\

temIØn¬ Ab®Xp temIsØ hn[n∏m\√; temIw Ah\m¬ c£n°s∏Sphm\t{X. 18Ah

\n¬ hnizkn°p∂h∂p \ymbhn[nbn√; hnizkn°mØh∂p ssZhØns‚ GIPmX\mb

]p{Xs‚ \maØn¬ hnizkn°mbvIbm¬ \ymbhn[n h∂p Ign™p. 19\ymbhn[n F∂tXm,

shfn®w temIØn¬ h∂n´pw a\pjycpsS {]hrØn tZmjap≈Xp BIbm¬ Ah¿ shfn®sØ

°mƒ Ccpfns\ kvt\ln®Xp Xt∂. 20Xn∑ {]h¿Øn°p∂h≥ F√mw shfn®sØ ]sI°p∂p;

Xs‚ {]hrØn°p Bt£]w hcmXncn∏m≥ shfn®Øn¶te°p hcp∂Xpan√. 21kXyw {]h¿Øn

°p∂ht∂m, Xs‚ {]hrØn ssZhØn¬ sNbvXncn°pIbm¬ AXp shfns∏tS≠Xn∂p

shfn®Øn¶te°p hcp∂p.

3:16 ""ssZhw ... X°-hÆw ... kvt\ln®p'' `qXImeØn¬ ]q¿Ønbmb {]hrØnsb kqNn∏n°p∂ (ssZhw

tbiphns\ Ab®p) {Inbmcq]amWnXv (""\¬In'' F∂Xp t]mse). hm. 16˛17 {][m\ambpw ]nXmhns‚

kvt\lsØ ]cma¿in°p∂p (H. t\m. 1 tbml. 4:7˛21, hntijm¬ hm. 19˛10). ""kvt\ln®p'' F∂Xv

BKm∏mthm (agapaw) F∂ ]ZamWv. ¢m n°¬ {Ko°n¬ CXp km[mcW D]tbmKn°mdn√. BZnak`

AsXSpØv {]tXyI A¿∞w sIm≠p \nd®p. {]tXyI kμ¿`ßfn¬ AXv ]nXmhns‚ As√¶n¬ ]p{Xs‚

kvt\lsØ ]cma¿in°p∂p. F∂ncp∂mepw am\pjnI kvt\lsØ \ntj[mflIambn kqNn∏n°m\pw

AXp]tbmKn°p∂p (H. t\m. 3:19; 12:43; 1 tbml. 2:15). ]gb \nbaØn¬ ssZhØns‚ DSºSn kvt\lsØ

kqNn∏n°p∂ tlskZv (hesed) s‚ ssZhimkv{X]camb ]cymbamWnXv. tbml∂ms‚ ImeL´Ønse

sImbvs\ {Ko°n¬ AKm∏mthm bpw ^nsetbm bpw ASnÿm\]cambn ]cymb]Zßfmbncp∂p (3:35 H.

t\m. 5:20).

Cu hm°pIƒ F√mw Xs∂ ssZhsØ°pdn®p≈ a\pjycq]mtcm]W]camb {]kvXmh\IfmsW∂

Imcyw hymJymXm°ƒ a\ n¬ hbvt°≠XmWv. \nXy\pw hnip≤\pw AXpey\pw Bflob Pohnbpamb

ssZhsØ°pdn®p hnhcn°phm\p≈ {iaØn¬ \mw \ΩpsS temIsØbpw hnImcßsfbpw Ncn{X ho£

Wßsfbpw hnhcn°m\p]tbmKn°p∂ hm°pIƒ D]tbmKnt°≠n hcpw. kIe am\pjnI hm°pIfpw

Hc¿∞Øn¬ {]XoImflItam Be¶mcnItam BWv. shfns∏´h BXy¥nIas√¶nepw hmkvXhambpw

kXyambhbmWv. hogvN kw`hn®h\pw `uanIamb ]cnanXnbp≈h\p-amb a\pjy\v BXy¥nI bmYm¿

∞yw {Kln°m\mhn√.

66

{]tXyI ]T\hnjbw:ssZhw a\pjys\∂ \nebn¬ hnhcn°s∏ńcn°p∂p(a\pjycq]mtcm]W `mj)

I CØcØnep≈ `mj ]gb \nbaØn¬ km[mcWbmbncp∂p (Nne DZmlcWßƒ)

A. ùXnI icoc`mKßƒ

1. IÆpIƒ ˛ Dev]. 1:4, 31; 6:8; ]pd. 33:17; kwJy. 14:14; Bh. 11:12; skJ. 4:10

2. ssIIƒ ˛ ]pd. 15:17; kwJy. 11:23; Bh. 2:15

3. `pPw ˛ ]pd. 6:6; 15:16; kwJy. 11:23; Bh. 4:34; 5:15

4. sNhnIƒ ˛ kwJy. 11:18; 1 iaq. 8:21; 2 cmPm. 19:16; k¶o. 5:1; 10:17; 18:6

5. apJw - ]pd. 32:30; 33:11; kwJy. 6:25; Bh. 34:10; k¶o. 114:7;

6. hnc¬ ˛ ]pd. 8:19; 31:18; Bh. 9:10; k¶o. 8:3

7. i_vZw ˛ Dev]. 3:8,10; ]pd. 15:26; 19:19; Bh. 26:17; 27:10

8. Im¬ ˛ ]pd. 24:10; sbsl. 43:7

9. a\pjycq]w ˛ ]pd. 24:9 -11; k¶o. 47; sbi. 6:1; sbsl. 1:26

10. btlmhbpsS ZqX≥ ˛ Dev]. 16:7˛13; 22:11˛15; 31:11,13; 48:15˛16; ]pd. 3:4,13˛21; 14:19; \ymbm. 2:1;

6:22 -23; 13:3˛22

B. imcocnI {]h¿Ø\ßƒ

1. krjvSn∏ns‚ apJm¥cambn kwkmcn°p∂p ˛ Dev]. 1:3,6,9,11,14,20,24,26

2. GsZ\n¬ \S°p∂p (AXm. \S°p∂ H®) ˛ Dev]. 3:8; 18:33; l_. 3:15

3. t\mlbpsS s]ÍØns‚ hmXn¬ AsS®p ˛ Dev]. 7:16

4. bmKw aW°p∂p ˛ Dev]. 8:21; tehy. 26:31; Btam. 5:21

5. Cdßn hcp∂p ˛ Dev]. 11:5; 18:21; ]pd. 3:8; 19:11,18,20

6. tamsisb AS°p∂p ˛ Bh. 34:6

C. am\pjnI hnImcßƒ (Nne DZmlcWßƒ)

1. A\pXm]w/ZpxJw ˛ Dev]. 6:6,7; ]pd. 32:14; \ymbm. 2:18; 1 iaq. 15:29,35; Btam. 7:3,6

2. tIm]w ˛ ]pd. 4:14; 15:7; kwJy. 11:10; 12:9; 22:22; 25:3,4; 32:10,13,14; Bh. 6:5; 7:4; 29:20

3. Xo£vWX ˛ ]pd. 20:5; 34:14; Bh. 4:24; 5:9; 6:15; 32:16,21; tbmip. 24:19

4. Ad∏v/shdp∏v ˛ tehy. 20:23; 26:30; Bh. 32:19

D. IpSpw_ ]Zßƒ (Nne DZmlcWßƒ)

1. ]nXmhv

a. bn{kmtbens‚ ˛ ]pd. 4:22; Bh. 14:1; 39:5

b. cmPmhns‚ - 2 iaq. 7:11˛16; k¶o. 2:7

c. ]nXmhns‚ {]hrØnIfpsS kmZriyßƒ ˛ Bh. 1:31; 8:5; 32:1; k¶o. 27:10; kZr. 3:12;

bnsc. 3:4,22; 31:20; tlmti. 11:1˛4; aem. 3:17

2. ]nXmhv/ amXmhv ˛ tlmti. 11:1˛4

3. amXmhv ˛ k¶o. 27:10 (apesImSp°p∂ amXmhns‚ kmZriyw); sbi. 49:15; 66:9˛13

4. hnizkvX buh\ Im¥≥ ˛ tlmtib 1˛3

II. CØcw `mjm {]tbmKØns‚ ImcWßƒ

A. ssZhØn\v Xs∂Øs∂ a\pjy¿°p shfns∏SpØm≥ Bhiyambn h∂p. ssZhsØ ]pcpj

\mbn Nn{XoIcn°p∂Xv tIhew a\pjycq]mtcm]Ww am{XamWv; ImcWw ssZhw Bflmhm

Ip∂p.

B. ssZhw a\pjyPohnXØnse G‰hpw A¿∞hØmb hkvXpXIƒ am{XsaSpØv, hoWpt]mb

a\pjyh¿§Øn\v Xs∂Øs∂ shfns∏SpØp∂Xn\mbn Ahsb D]tbmKn®p (]nXmhv, amXmhv,

c£I¿Ømhv, Im¥≥).

C. Bhiyambncps∂¶nepw ssZhw Xs∂Øs∂ GsX¶nepw ùXnI cq]Øn¬ ]cnanXs∏Sp

Øm\m{Kln®n√ (H. t\m. ]pd. 20; Bh. 5).

D. BXy¥nI a\pjycq]mtcm]Ww tbiphns‚ PU[mcWamWv! ssZhw imcocnIhpw, kv]¿in

°mhp∂Xpamb cq]saSpØp (H. t\m. 1 tbml. 1:1˛3). ssZhØns‚ ktμiw ssZhØns‚

hN\w Bbn amdn (H. t\m. tbml. 1:1- 18).

67

� ""X°hÆw'' B£cnIm¿∞w ""B hn[Øn¬'' (AXmbXv 7:46; 11:48; 18:22). AXp hnImcsØb√,

coXnsb shfns∏SpØp∂p. a\pjyh¿§Øn\p th≠n acn°phm≥ (H.t\m. sbi. 53; tdma. 3:25; 2 sImcn.

5:21; 1 tbml. 2:2). Xs‚ ]p{Xs\ \¬IpIbpw (hm. 16) Abbv°pIbpw (hm. 17, c≠pw `qXIme A]q¿W

{InbIƒ) sNbvXXneqsS ssZhw Xs‚ kvt\lw shfns∏SpØn (H. t\m. tdma. 5:8).

� ""temIw'' Cu {Ko°p ]Zw tImkvtamkv (kosmoj) tbml∂m≥ hnhn[ A¿∞ßfn¬ D]tbmKn®n´p≠v

(1:10 s‚ Ipdn∏pw 13:1 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbhpw ImWpI).

Bflmhpw (ssZhw) hkvXphpw XΩnep≈ ⁄m\hmZØnse ssZzXhmZsØ Cu hmIyw Jfin°p∂p.

{Ko°pIm¿ Xn∑sb hkvXphnt\mSp tN¿ØmWp Nn¥n®ncp∂Xv. Ahsc kw_‘n®v hkvXp (AXmbXv

a\pjyicocw) kIe a\pjycnepap≈ ssZhnI kv^penwKØns‚ XShdbmWv. hkvXphns‚ AYhm

PUØns‚ Xn∑sb°pdn®p tbml∂m≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂n√. ssZhw temIsØbpw ({Klw, H.t\m. tdma.

8:18˛22) a\pjyscbpw (PUw, H. t\m. tdma. 8:23) kvt\ln°p∂p. tbml∂m\n¬ km[mcWbmbn ImWp∂

a\∏q¿Δamb Zzbm¿∞ kqN\Ifn¬ H∂mImw CXpw (H. t\m. 1:5; 3:3,8).

� ""GIPmX\mb ]p{X≥'' CXn\¿∞w ""AXpeyamb Hcn\Ønse H∂v'' F∂mWv. CXns\ (1) ssewKnI

A¿∞Øntem (2) a‰p a°fn√ F∂ A¿∞Øntem ""GIPmX≥'' F∂p IcpXcpXv. tbiphns\t∏mse

as‰mcp a°fpw C√. 1:14 s‚ Ipdn∏p ImWpI.

� ""hnizkn°p∂ Gh\pw'' CXv Hcp h¿Øam\Ime kPoh {InbbmWv. Bcwàp≈Xpw XpScp∂Xpamb

hnizmksØbmWnXp kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. 1:14 sebpw 2:23 sebpw {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWpI. Cu

ÿncoIcWw Du∂en\mbn hm. 15 ¬ \n∂pw Bh¿Øn®ncn°p∂p. ""Gh\pw'' F∂Xn\p ssZhØn\p

kvtXm{Xw! {]tXyI kaqlsØ°pdn®p≈ (h¿§, _u≤nI As√¶n¬ ssZhimkv{X]camb) A[nI

Du∂ens\ k¥penXam°phm≥ CXp]Icn°pw. ""ssZhØns‚ ]cam[nImchpw'' ""a\pjys‚ kzX

t{¥—bpw'' Hgnhm°s∏Sp∂p F∂¿∞an√. Ah c≠pw kXyamWv. ssZhw F√mbvt∏mgpw ap≥ssI FSpØv

AP≠ \n›bn°p∂p (H. t\m. 6:44,65). F∂m¬ Ahs‚ a\pjyt\mSp≈ Xs‚ _‘sØ DSºSn apJm

¥cw Nn´s∏SpØnbncn°p∂p. Ah¿ Ahs‚ hmKvZm\tØmSpw hyhÿItfmSpw {]XnIcn°pIbpw XpS¿

∂pw {]XnIcn®psIm≠ncn°bpw thWw! ^nsetbm (filew).

{]tXyI ]T\hnjbw:ap≥\nba\hpw (Im¬hn\nkw) am\pjnI kzXt{¥—bpw (A¿Ωn\ob\nkw)

Xncs™Sp∏p kw_‘n®v a‰p ]pXnb \nba `mKßfpsS k¥pe\amWv XosØmkv 2:11. tdma¿

8:29; 9; Fs^ky¿ 1 F∂nhsb°pdn®p≈ Fs‚ hymJym\°pdn∏pIƒ ChnsS \¬Ip∂Xv ssZh

imkv{X ]cambn klmbIamIpsa∂pw Rm≥ Nn¥n°p∂p.

I. tdma¿ 8:29 ˛ ChnsSbpw 11:2 epw ""ap∂dnhv'' (t{]mKnt\mkvtIm˛proginoskw ˛ ""ap∂ta AdnbpI'')

F∂ ]Zw c≠p {]mhiyw ]usemkv D]tbmKn°p∂p. 11:2 ¬ AXv, Imew Bcw`n°p∂Xn\pw

aptº Xs∂ bn{kmtbent\mSp≈ ssZhØns‚ DSºSn kvt\lsØbmWp kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. F{_m

b `mjbn¬ ""AdnbpI'' F∂ ]Zw tIhew Hcphs\ kw_‘n® hkvXpXIƒ AdnbpIb√

adn®v, Bflm¿∞hpw hy‡n]chpamb _‘sØ kqNn∏n°p∂XmsW∂v Hm¿°pI (H.t\m. Dev].

4:1; bnsc. 1:5). ChnsS, \nXyamb kw`hßfpsS Hcp irwJe ap≥\nba\hpambn _‘s∏ńcn

°p∂p. F∂ncp∂mepw ssZhØns‚ ap∂dnhv Xncs™Sp∏ns‚ ASnÿm\a√ F∂p ]dtb≠n

bncn°p∂p; Aßs\bmbncp∂psh¶n¬, Xncs™Sp∏v hoWpt]mb a\pjys‚ `mhn {]XnIcW

sØ ASnÿm\am°n D≈XmIpambncp∂p. Cu ]Zw {]hr. 26:5; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:2,20; 2 ]s{Xm. 3:17

F∂nhnSßfnepw ImWp∂p.

A. ""ap∂dn™p'' (-proginoskw˛t{]mKnt\mkvtIm, ""ap∂ta AdnbpI'')

""ap∂dnbpI'', ""ap≥\nban°pI'' F∂o ]Zßƒ ""ap≥'' F∂ KXn tN¿Øp≈ kakvX

]ZßfmWv. AXn\mehsb ""apsº AdnbpI'', ""apsº ASbmfs∏SpØn hbv°pI'' F∂nßs\

]cn`mjs∏SpØmhp∂XmWv. ap≥\nba\w kw_‘n®v ]pXnb \nbaØnep≈ hy‡amb

`mKßƒ tdma. 8:28˛30; Fs^. 1:40; 13:14; tdma. 9 F∂nhbmWv. Cu `mKßƒ ssZhw ]cam[n

ImcnbmsW∂v Du∂n∏dbp∂p. Ah≥ kIeØns‚bpw ]q¿Æ \nb{¥nXmhmWv. kabØn\p

≈n¬ Xo¿t°≠ Hcp h¿Øam\Ime ssZhnI ]≤Xnbp≠v. F∂ncp∂mepw Cu ]≤Xn ASn

t®¬∏n°s∏Sp∂tXm Nnesc am{Xw G¬∏n°p∂tXm A√. AXv ssZhØns‚ ]cam[nImc

Ønepw ap∂dnhnepw am{Xa√, Ahs‚ am‰an√mØ kz`mhßfmb kvt\lw, IcpW,

A¿lXbn√mØhcpsSta¬ ]I-cp∂ Ir] F∂nhbnepw ASnÿm\s∏ńcn°p∂XmWv.

68

\ΩpsS B[p\nI sshb‡nI hmZw As√¶n¬ \ΩpsS kphntijoIcW Xo£vWX

F∂nh Cu A¤pXIcamb kXyØns‚ \ndw sISpØmXncn°phm≥ \mw kq£nt°≠XmWv.

AKÃn\pw s]tePnbkpw As√¶n¬ Im¬hn\khpw A¿Ωo\nb\nkhpw XΩnep≈ Ncn{X

]chpamb t]mcm´Øn¬ {[phoIcn°s∏SmXncn°m≥ \mw \sΩØs∂ kq£nt°≠XmWv.

B. ""ap∂nban®p'' (proorizw˛{]qdnUvtkm ""apsº AXn¿ \n›bn°pI'')

ap≥\nba\sa∂Xv ssZhØns‚ kvt\lw, Ir], IcpW F∂nhsb ]cnanXs∏SpØp

∂Xnt\m, As√¶n¬ Nnesc kphntijØn¬ \n∂pw ]pd¥≈p∂Xnt\m Dt±in®p≈

D]tZia√. hnizmknIfpsS temIho£WsØ cq]s∏SpØn Ahsc i‡oIcn°p∂Xn\p≈

D]tZiamWnXv. ssZhw kIe¿°pw th≠n D≈h\mWv (H.t\m. 1 Xnsam. 2:4; 2 ]s{Xm. 3:9).

ssZhw kIeØns‚bpw \nb{¥nXmhmWv. Ah\n¬ \n∂pw \sΩ th¿]ncn°phm≥ B¿°v

As√¶n¬ F¥n\p Ignbpw (H.t\m. tdma. 8:31˛39)? a\pjy≥ kab _‘nX\mWv; ssZhamIs´

kIe Ncn{XsØbpw h¿Øam\Imeambn I≠psIm≠ncn°p∂p. \ΩpsS ho£Whpw

am\knI IgnhpIfpw ]cnanXnbp≈XmWv. ssZhØns‚ ]cam[nImchpw a\pjys‚ kzX{¥

C—bpw XΩn¬ bmsXmcp sshcp[yhpan√. DSºSnbne[njvTnXamb LS\bmWXv. kXyw

hncp≤ Zzμßfn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ as‰mcp DZmlcWamWnXv. thZ]pkvXI D]tZißƒ

hyXykvX ho£Wßfn¬ \¬Is∏ńcn°p∂p. Ah ]et∏mgpw sshcp≤yap≈Xmbn tXm∂mw.

hncp≤ Zzμ tPmUnIfpsS k¥pe\amWv kXyw. kXyßfn¬ H∂ns\ kzoIcn®psIm≠v

sshcp≤yw C√mXm°m≥ \mw {ian°cpXv. GsX¶nepw thZ]pkvXI kXysØ thdn´p

\n¿Øphm\pw ]mSn√.

Xnc™Sp∏ns‚ e£yw \mw acn°ptºmƒ kz¿§ØnseØp∂Xp am{Xa√, ChnsSsh®p

{InkvXym\pcq]cmIpI F∂XpamWv F∂ Imcyw ]ca{][m\amWv (H. t\m. tdma. 8:29; Fs^.

1:4; 2:10). \mw ""hnip≤cpw \njvIf¶cpw'' BtI≠Xn\v Xncs™Sp°s∏ńcn°p∂p. ssZhw

\sΩ cq]m¥cs∏SpØp∂Xv, a‰p≈h¿ B cq]m¥cw I≠v {InkvXphneqsS ssZhØn¬

hnizkn°p∂Xn\p th≠nbmWv. ap≥\nba\w hy‡n]camb Hcp ]Zhnb√, adn®v DSºSn

{]Imcap≈ DØchmZnØamWv. CXmWv Cu thZ`mKØnse {][m\ kXyw. CXmWv

{InkvXym\nXzØns‚ e£yw. hnip≤nsb∂Xv Hmtcm hnizmknsb°pdn®pap≈ ssZhlnXamWv.

Hcp {]tXyI ]Zhn°pth≠nb√, {InkvXp Xpeycm°p∂Xn\v th≠nbmWv ssZhnI Xncs™Sp

∏v (H. t\m. Fs^. 1:4). krjvSn∏n¬ a\pjy\p \¬Is∏´ ssZhnI kzcq]w ]p\xÿm]n°s∏tS

≠Xp≠v (H. t\m. Dev]Øn 1:26; 5:1,3; 9:6).

C. ""Xs‚ ]p{Xs‚ kzcq]tØmSv A\pcq]cmIpI'' ˛ ssZhØns‚ BXy¥nI e£yw hogvNbn¬

\jvSs∏´ kzcq]w ]p\xÿm]n°pI F∂XmWv. hnizmknIƒ {InkvXphnt\mSv A\pcq]cm

Iphm≥ ap∂nban°s∏ńcn°p∂p (H. t\m. Fs^. 1:4).

II. tdma¿ 9

A. tdma¿ 9 ssZhØns‚ ]cam[nImcw kw_‘n®p≈ G‰hpw i‡amb ]pXnb \nba thZ`mKß

fnsem∂mWv (as‰m∂v Fs^. 1:3˛14 BWv); A[ymbw 10 a\pjys‚ kzX{¥ C—sb hy‡

ambpw Bh¿Øn®pw ]Tn∏n°p∂p (H. t\m. ""Gh\pw'' hm. 4; ""HcpØ\pw'' hm. 11; ""F√mh¿°pw''

hm. 12 (c≠p {]mhiyw). Cu ssZhimk{X sshcp≤ysØ \nc∏n°phm≥ ]usemkv Hcn°epw

{ian°p∂n√. Ah c≠pw kXyamWv. an° thZ]pkvXI D]tZißfpw hncp≤ ZzμßfmbmWv

AhXcn∏n°s∏Sp∂Xv. an° ssZhimkv{X kwlnXIfpw bp‡n]cambn A¿≤˛kXyßfm

Wv. AKÃo\ob\nkhpw Im¬hn\nkhpw AXns\Xncmbp≈ skan˛s]tePob\nkhpw

A¿Ωo\nb\nkhpw F√mw Xs∂ kXyØns‚bpw A_≤ßfpsSbpw LSIßƒ D≈hbmWv.

ss__nfns\ Hcp {]tXyI coXnbn¬ hymJym\n°p∂Xn\pth≠n am{Xw FgpXs∏´ {KŸw

F∂-\n-ebn¬ B°nØo¿°p∂ hg°an√mØXpw bp‡nb[njvTnXhpamb ssZhimkv{X

kwhn[m\sØ°mƒ F¥psIm≠pw \√XmWv D]tZißƒ XΩnep≈ thZ]pkvXI

sshcp≤yw.

B. (tdma¿ 9:38 ¬ ImWp∂) CtX kXyw Xs∂ tdma. 8:28˛30 epw Fs^. 1:4,11 epw ImWmw.

]pXnb \nb-aØn¬ ssZhØns‚ ]cam[nImcsØ shfns∏SpØp∂ i‡amb thZ`mKamWv

Cu A≤ymbw. ssZhw krjvSn∏ns‚bpw hos≠Sp∏ns‚bpw kºq¿Æ \nb{¥nXmhmsW∂

ImcyØn¬ X¿°taXpan√. Cu almkXysØ eLqIcn°mt\m \njv{]àm°mt\m IgnIbn√.

F∂ncp∂mepw Xs‚ kzcq]Øn¬ krjvSn°s∏´ a\pjycmintbmSp _‘s∏Sp∂Xn\p≈

am¿§ambn DSºSnsb ssZhw D]tbmKn°p∂Xpambn CXns\ k¥pe\s∏SptØ≠XmWv.

Dev]Øn 15 set∏msebp≈ Nne DSºSnIƒ \ncp-]m-[n-Ihpw kIe am-\-h-Pm-Xn-bp-sSbpw {]Xn-

I-c-W-tØmSp _‘-s∏-Sm-ØXp-am-bncn°ptºmƒ Xs∂, a‰p DSºSnIƒ a\pjys‚ {]XnIcW

Ønt∑¬ hyhÿm]nXamWv (DZm. GsZ≥, t\ml, tamsi, ZmhoZv). Xs‚ krjvSnbpsS

69

hos≠Sp∏v kw_‘n®v ssZhØns\mcp ]≤Xnbp≠v. Hcp a\pjy\pw Cu ]≤Xnsb kzm[o\n

°m\mhn√. Xs‚ ]≤XnIfn¬ ]¶mfnIfmIphm≥ ssZhw hy‡nIsf A\phZn°mdp≠v.

]¶mfnØØn\p≈ Cu Ahkcw ssZhØns‚ ]cam[nImchpw (tdma¿ 9) a\pjys‚ kzX{¥

C—bpw (tdma¿ 10) XΩnep≈ ssZhimkv{X ]camb kwL¿jamWv.

Hcp thZ]pkvXI kXysØ AwKoIcn°pIbpw as‰m∂ns\ XnckvIcn°pIbpw sNøp

∂Xv \√X√. ]uckvXy P\ßƒ kXysØ Zzμambn As√¶n¬ hncp≤ tPmUnIfmbn

AhXcn∏n°p∂Xn\m¬ D]tZißƒ XΩn¬ kwL¿jw \ne\n¬°p∂p. D]tZißsf a‰v

D]tZißfpambp≈ _‘Øn¬ thWw FSp°m≥. CXv kXyßfpsS kΩn{iamWv.

III. Fs^ky¿ 1

A Xncs™Sp∏v F∂Xv hnkvabmhlamb Hcp D]tZiamWv. F¶nepw AXv apJ]£Øn\p≈

Blzm\a√, adn®v a‰p≈hcpsS hos≠Sp∏n\p≈ Hcp am[ytam D]IcWtam As√¶n¬

am¿§tam BWv! ]gb \nbaØn¬ Cu ]Zw {]mYanIambn ip{iqjbv°mWv D]tbmKn®ncp∂Xv.

]pXnb \nbaØn¬ CXp {]mYanIambpw c£sb kw_‘n°p∂XmWv; c£sb XpS¿∂mWv

ip{iqj. ss__nƒ Hcn°epw ssZhØns‚ ]cam[nImchpw a\pjys‚ kzX{¥ C—bpw

XΩnep≈ sshcp≤ysØ ]cnlcn°m≥ {ian°p∂n√, adn®v c≠ns\bpw Dd∏n°pIbmWv

sNøp∂Xv. thZ]pkvXI kwL¿jØns‚ anI® DZmlcWamWv ssZhØns‚ ]cam[nImc

Xncs™Sp∏ns\°pdn®p≈ tdma¿ 9 Dw a\pjys‚ A\nhmcy{]XnIcWw kw_‘n® tdma¿

10 Dw A[ym-b-ßƒ (H. t\m. 10:11,13).

Cu ssZhimkv{X kwL¿jØns‚ Xmt°m¬ 1:4 ¬ ImWmhp∂XmWv. tbip ssZhØn

s‚ Xncs™Sp°s∏´ a\pjy\pw F√mhcpw Ah\neqsS Xncs™Sp°s∏´hcpamIp∂p (Imƒ

_m¿Øv). hoWpt]mb a\pjys‚ BhiyßtfmSp≈ ssZhØns‚ ""DΔv'' BWv tbip (Imƒ

_m¿Øv). ap≥ \n¿ÆbØns‚ e£yw kz¿§w am{Xa√ hnip≤nbpw IqsS ({InkvXm\pcq]yw)

BsW∂v hy‡am°ns°m≠v Cu hnjbw hy‡am°phm≥ Fs^. 1:4 klmbn°p∂p. \mw

]et∏mgpw kphntijØns‚ t\´ßfnte°v BI¿jn°s∏SpIbpw DØchmZnXzßsf

AhKWn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. ssZhØns‚ hnfn (Xncs™Sp∏v) Hcp kabtØ°pw At∏mƒ

Xs∂ \nXyXbnte°pw D≈XmWv.

D]tZißƒ ]ckv]c _‘an√mØ H‰s∏´ kXyßf√, ]ns∂tbm CXc kXyßtfmSp

_‘s∏´mWv \nesIm≈p∂Xv. CXn\p \s√mcp kmZriyw, Hcp \£{Xcminbpw H‰ \£{Xhpw

XΩnep≈ A¥camWv. ssZhw kXyßsf shfns∏SpØp∂Xv, ]m›mXy coXnbne√, ]uc

kvXy coXnbnemWv. D]tZikXyßfpsS hncp≤ Zzμßfm¬ (ssZhw AXo{μnb\mbncn°p

tºmƒ Xs∂ \Ωn¬ hkn°p∂h\mWv; c£m {ZXbpw kzbw kq£n∏pw; tbip ]nXmhnt\mSp

ka\pw At∏mƒ Xs∂ ]nXmhn\p IogSßnbncn°p∂h\pw; {InkvXob kzmX{¥yhpw DSºSn

bnse ]¶mfnsb∂ \nebn¬ ISs∏´ncn°p∂h\pw BZnbmbh) DfhmIp∂ kwL¿jsØ

\mw \o°cpXv.

ssZhimkv{X Bibamb ""DSºSn'' ssZhØns‚ ]cam[nImcsØ (Ah≥ F√mbvt∏m

gpw ap≥ssI FSp°pIbpw AP≠ \n›bn°pIbpw sNøp∂p) a\pjy\n¬ \n∂pw I¿i\am

bpw D≠mtI≠ {]mcw`hpw XpS¿am\hpamb A\pXm] hnizmkhpambn _‘n∏n®ncn°p∂p.

sshcp≤yØns‚ Hcp hiw am{XamWv hN\m\pkcWw F∂p hmZn®v at‰Xns\ AhKWn°m

Xncn°phm≥ kq£n°pI! \nßƒ°v CjvSs∏´ D]tZisØ As√¶n¬ ssZhimkv{X

kwhn[m\sØ am{Xw Du∂n∏dbmXncn°phm≥ {i≤n°pI.

B. Fs^. 1:4 se ""\sΩ Xncs™SpØp'' F∂Xv I¿Ømhn\v Du∂¬ \¬Ins°m≠p≈ kmam\y

{]tbmKamWv. ImeØn\p apsºbp≈ ]nXmhns‚ Xncs™Sp∏n¬ CXv {i≤ tI{μoIcn°p∂p.

C…manI D]tZiamb ap≥\n¿ÆbØns‚tbm Xo{h Im¬hn\nÃv Nn¥bpsStbm A¿∞Øn

e√, adn®v DSºSnbpsS ASnÿm\ØnemWv ssZhnI Xncs™Sp∏ns\ a\ nemt°≠Xv.

hoWpt]mb a\pjys\ hos≠Sp°psa∂v ssZhw hmKvZØw sNbvXp (H. t\m. Dev]. 3:15).

kIe am\hcminbn¬\n∂pw A{_m-lm-ans\ hnfn-°p-Ibpw Xncs™Sp°pIbpw sNbvXp

(H.t\m. Dev]. 12:3; ]pd. 19:5˛6). {InkvXphn¬ hnizkn°p∂ kIe a\pjyscbpw ssZhw

Xs∂ Xncs™SpØncn°p∂p. F√mbvt∏mgpw ssZhamWv c£bv°v ap≥ssI FSp°p∂Xv

(H. t\m. tbml. 6:44,45). Cu thZ`mKhpw tdma¿ 9 Dw BWv AKÃn\pw Im¬hn\pw Du∂¬

\¬Inb ap≥\n¿Æb D]tZiØns‚ thZ]pkvXI B[mcw.

ssZhw hnizmknIsf c£bv°p am{Xa√ (\oXoIcWw) hnip≤oIcWØn\pw IqSnbmWv

Xncs™Sp°p∂Xv (H. t\m. sImsem. 1:12). CXns\ (1) {InkvXphnep≈ \ΩpsS ]Zhn (H.t\m.

2 sImcn. 5:2) AYhm (2) Xs‚ a°fn¬ Xs‚ kz`mhw Dfhm°phm\p≈ ssZhØns‚ hmRvO

(H. t\m. 2:10; tdma. 8:28˛29; Kem. 4:19) F∂nhtbmSp _‘n∏n°phm≥ Ignbpw. Xs‚ a°sf

70

°pdn®p≈ ssZhØns‚ lnXw Hcp\mƒ kz¿Khpw Ct∏mƒ {InkvXym\pcq]yhpamWv.

""Ah\n¬'' F∂XmWv Fs^. 1:4 se Xmt°m¬ Bibw. ]nXmhns‚ A\p{Klßfpw

Ir]bpw c£bpw {InkvXphneqsS HgpIp∂p (H. t\m. tbml. 14:6). Cu hymIcW cq]Øns‚

Bh¿Ø\w {i≤n°pI. hm. 3 ¬ ""{InkvXphn¬''; hm. 4, ""Ah\n¬''; hm. 7, ""Ah\n¬''; hm.

9, ""Ah\n¬''; hm. 10, ""{InkvXphn¬''; hm. 11, ""Ah\n¬''; hm. 13, ""Ah\n¬'' (c≠p {]mhiyw).

hoWpt]mb a\pjyt\mSp≈ ssZhØns‚ ""DΔv'' BWv tbip (Imƒ _m¿Øv). tbip

Xncs™Sp°s∏´h\pw F√mhcpw Ah\n¬ Xncs™Sp°s∏´hcpw BIp∂p. ]nXmhmw

ssZhØns‚ kIe A\p{Klßfpw {InkvXphneqsS HgpIp∂p.

""temI ÿm]\Øn\p apsº'' F∂ {]tbmKw aØm. 25:34; tbml. 17:24; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:19˛20;

shfn. 13:8 epw D]tbmKn®n´p≠v. Dev]. 1:1 \p apsº Xs∂bp≈ {XntbI ssZhØns‚

hos≠Sp∏n≥ {]hrØnsb CXp ImWn°p∂p. a\pjy≥ kabt_m[Øn¬ ]cnanX\mWv;

kIehpw \ap°v `qXImew, h¿Øam\Imew, `mhnImew F∂ \nebnemWv. ]s£ ssZh

Øn\ßs\b√.

ap≥ \nba\Øns‚ e£yw hnip≤nbmWv, ]Zhnb√. BZmans‚ a°fn¬ Xncs™Sp°

s∏´ Nne¿°p≈X√ ssZhØns‚ hnfn. kIe¿°pap≈XmWv. a\pjy≥ F¥mbnØotcWsa

∂p≈ ˛ Xs∂t∏msebmIpI; Xs‚ kzcq]Øn¬ Bbn-Øo-cpI (Dev]. 1:26˛27) F∂ ssZhnI

Dt±iyØnte°p≈XmWv B hnfn (H. t\m. 1 sX . 5:23; 2 sX . 2:13). ap≥\nba\sØ

hnip≤ PohnXØn\p ]Icw Hcp ssZhimkv{X kn≤m¥am°n am‰p∂Xv Hcp Zpc¥amWv.

]et∏mgpw \ΩpsS ssZhimkv{Xw thZ]pkvXI hN\sØ°mƒ D®Øn¬ kwkmcn°p∂p.

""\njvIf¶¿'' (-amwmoj˛Atamtamkv), As√¶n¬ ""If¶an√mØh¿'' F∂ ]Zw (1) tbip

(H. t\m. F{_m. 9:14; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:19); (2) skJcymhpw Feois_Øpw (H. t\m. eqs°m. 1:6)

(3) ]usemkv (H. t\m. ^nen. 3:6); (4) F√m kXy{InkvXym\nIfpw (H. t\m. ^nen. 2:15; 1

sX . 3:13; 5:23) F∂nhsc°pdn®pw D]tbmKn®n´p≠v. Hmtcm hnizmknsb°pdn®pap≈ ssZh

Øns‚ am‰an√mØ Dt±iyw ]n∂oSv kz¿§hpw Ct∏mƒ {InkvXym\pcq]amWv (H. t\m. tdma.

8:29˛30; Kem. 4:19; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:2). \jvSs∏´ temIsØ kphntijoIcn°p∂Xn\mbn hnizmkn

Iƒ ssZhnI kz`mhKpWßƒ {]Xn^en∏nt°Ww.

Cu hmIyØnse ""kvt\lØn¬'' F∂ {]tbmKw hymIcW]cambn hm. 4 As√¶n¬

hm. 5 t\mSp tN¿∂p t]mIp∂XmWv. F¶nepw Fs^ky teJ\Ønse CXc ÿeßfn¬

Cu ]Zw D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂nSØv AsX√mbvt∏mgpw ssZhtØmSp≈ a\pjys‚ kvt\l

sØbmWv ]cam¿in°p∂Xv (H. t\m. 3:17; 4:12,15,16).

C. Fs^. 1:6 ¬ ""\sΩ ap≥ \nban°bpw'' F∂ {]tbmKw kmam\yIme I¿Øcn {]tbmKamWv.

{Ko°p]Zw, ""apºv,'' ""ASbmfanSpI'' F∂o ]ZßfpsS kwbp‡amWv. ssZhØns‚ ap≥\nban®

hos≠Sp∏n≥ ]≤Xnsb CXp ]cma¿in°p∂p (H. t\m. eqs°m. 22:22; {]hr. 2:23; 4:28; 17:31;

tdma. 8:29˛30). a\pjys‚ c£tbmSp _‘s∏´ \nch[n kXyßfn¬ H∂mWv ap≥\nba\w.

AsXmcp ssZhimkv{X amXrIbpsS As√¶n¬ _‘s∏´ kXyßfpsS ]cºcbpsS

`mKamWv. AsXmcn°epw thdn´v Du∂¬ \¬Im\p≈X√. thZ]pkvXI kXyßƒ

kwL¿j`cnXamb hncp≤ tPmUnIfpsS ]cºcbmbn´mWv \¬Is∏´ncn°p∂Xv. ZzμzkXy

ßfn¬ H∂n\p am{Xw Du∂¬ \¬Ins°m≠v thZ]pkvXIkwL¿jsØ C√mXm°m\mWv

k`mhn`mKNn¥ {ian°p∂Xv (ap≥ \nba\w x a\pjys‚ kzX{¥ C—; hnizmknbpsS `{ZX˛

hnizmknIfpsS ÿncX; aqe]m]w ˛ kzta[m ]m]w; ]m]cmlnXyw x Ipd®p ]m]w; DS≥

{]Jym]n°p∂ hnip≤oIcWw x {Iam\pKX hnip≤oIcWw; hnizmkw x {]hrØn; {InkvXob

kzmX{¥yw -x {InkvXob DØchmZnXzw; AXo{μnbXzw x A¥¿Kman).

ssZhnI Xncs™Sp∏v Hcn°epw am\pjnI {]IS\sØ°pdn®p≈ ap∂dnhns‚ ASnÿm\

Øne√, adn®v Ahs‚ Ir]mkz`mhØns‚ ASnÿm\ØnemWv (H. t\m. hm. 9,11). F√mhcpw

c£n°s∏Sphm≥ (⁄m\hmZnIsftbm As√¶n¬ B[p\nIIme Xo{h Im¬hn\nÃpI

sftbm t]mse {]tXyIamb Nnesc am{Xa√) Ah≥ B{Kln°p∂p (H. t\m. sbsl.

18:21˛23,32; tbml. 3:16˛17; 1 Xnsam. 2:4, 4:10; XosØm. 2:11; 2 ]s{Xm. 3:9). ap≥\n-b-a\w kw_‘n

®p≈ as‰mcp `mKamb tdma¿ 9 -11 s‚ Xmt°m¬ ssZhØns‚ IcpW Bbncn°p∂ Xpt]mse,

Cu thZ`mKØns‚ ssZhimkv{X]camb Xmt°m¬ ssZhIr] (ssZhnI kz`mhw) BWv

(H. t\m. hm. 6a, 7c, 9b).

hogvN kw`hn® a\pjys‚ GI {]Xymi ssZhØns‚ Ir]bpw IcpWbpw BWv (H.

t\m. sbi. 53:6 IqSmsX tdma. 3:9˛18 ¬ D≤cn®ncn°p∂ a‰t\I ]gb \nba hmIyßfpw).

Cu BZy ssZhimkv{X A≤ymbßƒ hymJym\n°p∂Xn¬, a\pjys‚ {]hrØnIfpambn

Hcp XcØnepw _‘an√mØ Imcyßƒ°mWv ]usemkv Du∂n∏dbp∂sX∂p a\ nem°p

71

∂Xv \n¿ÆmbIamWv: Ah ap≥\nba\w (A. 1), Ir] (A. 2), hos≠Sp∏p kw_‘n®

ssZhØns‚ \nXy]≤Xn (a¿Ωw, 2:11˛3:13) F∂n-h-bmWv. a\pjys‚ k¬{]hrØnIfpw

{]iwkbpw kw_‘n®p≈ Zpcp]tZjvSm°fpsS Du∂ens\ Jfin°p∂Xn\p th≠nbmbncp

∂p CXv.

� ""\in®pt]mImsX'' Nne¿ \in°pw F∂ kqN\bmWnXv. AhcpsS \miw (apollumi- At∏m√pan),

tbiphnt\mSp≈ AhcpsS hnizmk {]XnIcWØns‚ A`mhtØmSp t\cn´p _‘s∏´ncn°p∂p (H.

t\m. 11:25). AhcpsS AhnizmkØn\v ssZhw tlXphmItbm, \nb{¥n°tbm As√¶n¬ AXn\mbn

C—n°tbm sNøp∂n√ (H. t\m. sbsl. 18:23,32; 1 Xnsam. 2:4; 2 ]s{Xm. 3:9).

At\I¿ Cu ]ZsØ A£cm¿∞Øn¬ FSpØv ZpjvS∑mcpsS \n¿Ωqe\misØbmWv kqNn∏n

°p∂sX∂v hymJym\n°phm≥ {ian®n´p≠v. AXv Zm\o. 12:2; aØm. 25:46 \v hn]coXamWv. Bflm¿∞X

bp≈ hnizmknIƒ ]uckvXy Ae¶mc {]kvXmh\Isf ]m›mXy hymJym\coXn°\pkcn®v (B£cn

Ihpw bp‡n]chpw) hymJym\n°p∂Xns‚ anI® DZmlcWamWnXv. Cu ]ZØns‚ hniZoIcWØn\v

tdm_¿ v Pn. tK¿Un¬tÃmWns‚ knt\m\nwkv Hm v Z HmƒUv sSkv‰vsa‚v, t]. 275˛277 ImWpI. 10:10

se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: \miw (apollumi˛At∏mepan) ImWpI.

ho≠pw, Zzμ C\ßsf kw_‘n®v tbml∂m≥ Nn¥n°pIbpw FgpXpIbpw sNøp∂sXßs\sb∂

Xp {i≤n°pI (AXm. \miw x \nXyPoh≥). tbiphns‚ D]tZißfpsS ]Zßfpw ssZhimkv{X kwL

S\bpw kaho£W kphntijßfnepw tbml∂ms‚ kphntijØnepw XnI®pw hyXykvXamb \nebn

emWp ImWp∂Xv. XßfpsS {]tXyI hmb\°m¿°p th≠nbp≈ tbiphns\°pdn®p≈ kphntij

AhXcWØn¬ FgpØpIm¿°v F{Xam{Xw kzmX{¥yw D≠mbncp∂p (ssZhnI \nb{¥WØns‚ AXm

bXv, ssZh\nizmkobXbpsS Iogn¬) F∂v Hcph≥ A¤pXs∏t´°mw (Gorden Fee and Douglas Stuart,How To Read the Bible For All Its Worth, PP. 127 -148 ImWpI).

3:17 ""temIsØ hn[n∏m\√'' tbip \ymbm[n]\mb√, c£I\mbmWv temIØn¬ h∂Xv F∂p hy‡

am°p∂ \nch[n `mKßƒ tbml∂m\nep≠v (H. t\m. 3:17˛21; 8:15; 12:47). AtXkabw tbip \ymbw hn[n

°pw F∂p kqNn∏n°p∂ `mKßfpw D≠v (H. t\m. 5:22˛23; 27:9,39. ]pXnb \nbaØnse CXc `mKßƒ:

{]hr. 10:42; 17:31; 2 Xnsam. 4:1; 1 ]s{Xm. 4:5).

CXp kw_‘n®v ssZhimkv{X]camb A\h[n A`n{]mbßƒ ImWmw.

1. krjvSn∏pw hos≠Sp∏pw tbiphn\p \¬InbXpt]mse _lp-am\ kqN-I-ambn \ymbhn-[nbpw

Ah\p \¬In (H. t\m. 5:22).

2. H∂mw {]mhiyw tbip h∂Xp \ymbw hn[n°m\√, c£n°m\mWv (H. t\m. 3:17), F∂m¬ P\ßƒ

Ahs\ X≈n°f™XneqsS XßsfØs∂ \ymbwhn[n®p.

3. tbip cmPm[ncmPmhpw \ymbm[n]\pw Bbn aSßnhcpw (H. t\m. 9:39)

3:18 {InkvXphneqsS kuP\yamb c£bpw AXn\p FXn-cmb kzbw hcpØnb \ymbhn[nbpw F∂ hnj

bsØ Cu hmIyw Bh¿Øn°p∂p. ssZhw P\sØ \cIØnebbv°p∂n√, Ah¿ kzbw t]mhpIbmWv.

hnizmkØn\v XpS¿^eßfp≈Xpt]mse (""hnizkn°p∂'' h¿Øam\Ime XpS¿{Inb) AhnizmkØn\p

ap≠v (""hnizkn°mbvIbm¬'' ""\ymbhn[n Ign™p''). 2:23epw 9:7 epw 9:7 epap≈ {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw

ImWpI.

3:19˛21 ""Ah¿ shfn®sØ°mƒ Ccpfns\ kvt\ln®Xp Xt∂'' kphntijw tI´ At\Icpw AXns\

\nckn®Xv _u≤nItam kmwkvImcnItam Bb ImcWßfme√, adn®v {]mYanIambn km∑m¿§nI ImcW

ßfmemWv (H. t\m. Ctøm. 24:13). shfn®w {InkvXphns\bpw (H. t\m. 1:9; 8:12; 9:5; 12:46), ssZhkvt\lw

a\pjys‚ Bhiyw, {InkvXphns‚ Zm\w, \ΩpsS {]XnIcWw F∂nhsb°pdn®p≈ Ahs‚ ktμi

sØbpw kqNn∏n°p∂p. 1:1- 18 ¬ \n∂pw XpS¿®bmbn e`n°p∂ {]tNmZ\w CXmWv.

3:19 ""\ymbhn[n F∂tXm'' c£t]mse Xs∂ \ymbhn[nbpw h¿Øam\Ime bmYm¿∞yhpw (H. t\m.

3:19; 9:39) `mhn ]q¿ØoIcWhpamWv (H. t\m. 5:27˛29; 12:31,48). hnizmknIƒ e`n®p Ign™Xnepw

(bmYm¿∞yamb `mhnImeimkv{Xw) e`n°m\p≈Xnepw (]q¿ØnbmtI≠ `mhnImeimkv{Xw) Pohn°p

∂p. {InkvXob PohnXw B\μhpw ITn\ t]mcm´hpamWv; At\I ]cmPbßƒ°ptijap≈ hnPbamWnXv.

`{ZXbpw H∏wXs∂ ÿncXsb kw_‘n® [mcmfw ap∂dnbn∏pIfpw!

3:21 ""kXyw {]h¿Øn°p∂ht\m'' ""shfn®w'' F∂Xv tbiphns\ kqNn∏n°p∂p F∂p hy‡ambXn\m¬

(H. t\m. 19,20 [c≠p {]mhiyw], 21), kXyw F∂Xpw Ahs\ kqNn∏n°p∂XmWv. F {Kam‰n°¬ FbvUv

Sp Z {Ko°v \yqsSÃvsa‚n¬, tdm_¿´v l∂m, {Kmam‰n°¬ C≥ssk‰vkv C≥ Z \yq sSÃsa‚ns‚

I¿Ømhmb F≥. S¿W¿ Cu hmIysØ ""kXyØns‚ injy\mbncn°p∂ht\m'' F∂p X¿÷a

sNbvXncn°p∂Xmbn tcJs∏SpØnbncn°p∂p (t]. 144).

72

ssZhimkv{X]cambn Cu hmIyw aØmbn 7 se AtX kXysØ shfns∏SpØp∂p. \nXyPoh\p

Zriyamb Nne khntijXIfp≠v. Hcp hy‡n°v {InkvXphneqsS ssZhsØ I≠pap´pIbpw ]cnip≤m

flmhn\m¬ \ndbs∏SpIbpw At∏mƒ Xs∂ ]gbXpt]mse Bbncn°pIbpw sNøm≥ km[ya√. hnX

Imcs‚ D]a êw Imbv°p∂XnemWv {i≤ tI{μoIcn°p∂Xv (H. t\m. aØmbn 13; a¿s°mkv 4; eqs°m

kv 8; 15:1˛11 se tbml∂ms‚ N¿®bpw {i≤n°pI). {]hrØn c£ ssIhcpØp∂n√, F∂m¬ AXv

c£bpsS sXfnhmWv (H. t\m. Fs^. 2:8˛9,11).





hymJym-Xm-hns\bpw `c-taev]n°-cp-Xv.




1. ""ho≠pw P\n°pI'' F∂ {]tbmKØns‚ A¿∞sa¥mWv?

2. hm. 5 ¬ ]d™ncn°p∂ ""sh≈w'' F¥ns\ ]cma¿in°p∂psh∂mWp \nßƒ Nn¥n°p∂Xv?

F¥psIm≠v?

3. ""hnizkn°pI'' (c£n°p∂ hnizmkw) F∂Xn¬ Dƒs∏ńcn°p∂sX¥mWv?

4. tbml. 3:16 am\hcmintbmSp≈ tbiphns‚ kvt\lsØ°pdn®p≈XmtWm, AtXm ]nXmhns‚

kvt\lsØ°pdn®p≈XmtWm?

5. tbml. 3:16 t\mSv Im¬hn\nkw Fßs\ _‘s∏ńcn°p∂p?

6. ""\in°pI'' F∂Xn\¿∞w \n¿Ωqe\miw F∂mtWm?

7. ""shfn®w'' F∂Xp \n¿hNn°pI.

hm. 22˛36 s‚ ]›mØe Dƒ°mgvNIƒA. tbiphns‚ ]q¿Æ ssZhXzw kw_‘n®p≈ tbml∂ms‚ Du∂¬, kphntijØns‚ XpS°w

apX¬ Xs∂ kw`mjWßfneqsSbpw hy‡n]camb A`napJßfneqsSbpw hn\nabw sNøs∏Sp

∂p≠v. Cu A≤ymbØnepw B coXn XpScp∂p.

B. H∂mw \q‰m≠ns‚ A¥yØn¬ Xs‚ kphntijw cNn® tbml∂m≥, kaho£W kphntij

ßƒ FgpXs∏´Xn\p tijw DcpØncn™ Nne tNmZyßsf ssIImcyw sNøp∂p. Ahbnsem∂v

tbml∂m≥ kv\m]It\mSp _‘s∏´ Nne BZyIme Zpcp]tZißfpw Ahbv°p e`n® hnime

]n¥pWbpambncp∂p (H. t\m. {]hr. 18:24˛19:7). 1:6˛8, 19˛36; 3:22˛36 hmIy-ßfn¬ tbml∂m≥

kv\m]I≥, \kdmb\mb tbiphns\°mƒ Ipd™h\mWp Xms\∂v G‰p]dbpIbpw tbiphn

s‚ ainlm]Zhnsb Dd∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂ `mKw kp{][m\amWv.

]Z, ssien- ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 3:22˛2422AXns‚tijw tbip injy∑mcpambn sblqZytZiØp h∂p AhtcmSpIqsS kv\m\w Ign∏n

®psIm≠ncp∂p. 23tbml∂m∂pw itean∂p AcnIØp sFt\m\n¬ kv\m\w Ign∏n®psIm≠ncp

∂p; AhnsS hfsc sh≈w D≠mbncp∂p: BfpIƒ h∂p kv\m\w G‰p. 24A∂p tbml∂ms\

XShn¬ B°nbncp∂n√.

3:22 ""sblqZytZiØp h∂p'' sblqZybnepw Keoebnepw \S∂ Cu BcwÌme ip{iqjsb∏‰n

kaho£W kphntijßfn¬ ]d™nń√. tbiphns‚ Imem\p{IaW PohNcn{Xa√ kphntijßƒ.

tKm¿U≥ ô, U•kv Ãphm¿ v F∂n-h¿ FgpXnb luSp doUv Z ss__nƒ t^m¿ Hmƒ C‰vkv h¿Øv,

t]. 127˛148 ImWpI.

� ""Ah≥ injy-∑mcp-ambn'' ""Ah≥ AhtcmSpIqsS kabw Nnehgn°pIbpw'' (F≥. F. Fkv. _n.

A]vtU-‰-Uv). tbip ]pcpjmctØmSp {]kwKn®ncp∂psh¶nepw injy∑mtcmSpIqsS hfsc kabw kw`mj

73

Wßfn¬ G¿s∏ńcp∂p. Ah≥ Xs∂Øs∂ Ah¿°p ]I¿∂psImSpØp. Cu coXn tdm_¿´v Cu

tImƒams‚ c≠p anI® {KŸßƒ°p hnjbo`hn®n´p≠v. Zn amÃ¿ πm≥ Hm v Chm©enkw; Zn amÃ¿

πm≥ Hm v Unssk∏nƒjn∏v. Ch c≠pw sNdnb kaqlßfpambp≈ tbip{InkvXphns‚ hy‡n]camb

]¶mfnØØn\v Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂p.

� ""kv\m\w Ign∏n°pIbpw'' 4:2 ¬ \n∂pw tbiph√, injy∑mcmWp kv\m\w Ign∏n®sX∂p \mw

a\ nem°p∂p. tbiphns‚ ZqXv tbml∂m≥ kv\m]Is‚ ZqXnt\mSv ASnÿm\]cambn kmayap≈

Xmbncp∂p. AXv am\km¥cØn\pw Hcp°Øn\pap≈ Hcp ]gb\nba ZqXmbncp∂p. ChnsS ]cma¿

in®ncn°p∂ kv\m\w {InkvXob kv\m\a√ adn®v, am\km¥cØns‚bpw Bflob kzoImcyXbpsSbpw

ASbmfamb kv\m\ambncp∂p.

3:23 ""tbml∂m\pw itean∂p AcnIØp sFt\m\n¬ kv\m\w Ign∏n®psIm≠ncp∂p'' Cu ÿew

A⁄mXamWv.

1. Nne¿ hnizkn°p∂Xv CXp tbm¿±m\°sc s]cnbbn¬ BsW∂mWv

2. Nne¿ hnizkn°p∂Xv CXv hS°p Ings° iacybnemsW∂mWv

3. Nne¿ hnizkn°p∂Xv titJw ]´WØn¬ aq∂p ssa¬ Ing°mWv Cu ÿew F∂mWv

""sFt\m≥'' F∂Xn\¿∞w ""\oscmgp°v'' F∂mbXn\m¬ aq∂matØXmWv IqSpX¬ A\ptbmPyw.

IrXyÿm\w GXmbncp∂mepw tbip sblqZybn¬ ip{iqj sNbvXncp∂psh∂pw tbml∂m≥ Ah\v

Aev]aIse hS°mbn ip{iqj sNbvXncp∂psh∂pw a\ nem°mw.

3:24 ""A∂p tbml∂ms\ XShn¬ B°nbncp∂n√'' ChnsS Cu ImeKW\m hnjbw Dƒs∏SpØn

bsX¥psIm≠v F∂ Imcyw hy‡a√. Nne¿ Nn¥n°p∂Xv tbml∂ms‚ ImeKW\sb kaho£W

kphntijßfptSXpambn s]mcpØs∏SpØp∂Xn\p th≠nbmWnXv F∂mWv (H. t\m. aØm. 14:1˛12;

a¿s°m. 6:14˛29). tbip{InkvXphns‚ PohnXØnse Cu kw`hØns‚ XobXn IW°m°p∂Xn\p≈

D]m[nbmbn CXp \nesIm≈p∂p.

tbml-∂m≥ 3:25- 3025tbml∂ms‚ injy∑mcn¬ Nne¿°v Hcp sblqZ\pambn ip≤oIcWsØ°pdn®p Hcp

hmZw D≠mbn; 26Ah¿ tbml∂ms‚ ASp°¬ h∂p Aht\mSp: d∫o, tbm¿±m∂°sc

\nt∂mSpIqsS Ccp∂h≥, \o km£oIcn®n´p≈h≥ Xt∂, CXm, kv\m\w Ign∏n°p∂p;

F√mhcpw Ahs‚ ASp°¬ sN√p∂p F∂p ]d™p. 27AXn∂p tbml∂m≥: kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p

sImSpØn´√msX a\pjy\p H∂pw e`n∏m≥ IgnIbn√. 28Rm≥ {InkvXp A√, Ah∂p apºmbn

Ab°s∏´h\t{X F∂p Rm≥ ]d™Xn∂p \nßƒ Xt∂ F\n°p km£nIƒ BIp∂p.29aWhmń D≈h≥ aWhmf≥ BIp∂p; aWhmfs‚ kvt\lnXt\m \n∂p aWhmfs‚ kzcw

tIń´p AXy¥w kt¥mjn°p∂p: Cu Fs‚ kt¥mjw ]q¿Ønbmbncn°p∂p. 30Ah≥ hftcWw;

Rmt\m IpdtbWw F∂p DØcw ]d™p.

3:25 ""tbml∂ms‚ injy∑mcn¬ Nne¿°v Hcp sblqZ\pambn ... hmZw D≠mbn'' "hmZw F∂Xv

""hmKzmZw'' AYhm ""X¿°w'' F∂Xn\p≈ i‡amb ]ZamWv. Nne {Ko°v ]Xn∏pIfn¬ ""sblqZ∑m¿''

F∂ _lphN\amWp≈Xv. ]pcmX\ {Ko°p IsøgpØp {]XnIƒ IrXyambn hn`Pn°s∏´hbmWv.

GIhN\w IqSpX¬ Akm[mcWamIbm¬ (AXm. IsøgpØp {]XnIfmb P25, a2, A, B, L, W) AXmbncn

°mw bYm¿∞ambXv. ]pcmX\ ]I¿s∏gpØpIm¿°v ]mT`mKßsf s]mcpØs∏SpØm\pw efnXam°m\p

ap≈ {]hWXbp≠mbncp∂p. tbml∂ms‚ injy∑mcmbncn°mw hmZw XpSßn sh®Xv F∂pw ckIcamWv.

�

NASB, NKJV, NRSV, NJB ""ip≤oIcWw kw_‘n®v''

TEV ""BNmc]camb IgpI¬ F∂ hnjbw''

Cu hwZØns‚ hnjbw kw_‘n®v hfscb[nIw kn≤m¥ßƒ DcpØncn™n´p≠v (NKJV).

1. tbml∂ms‚bpw tbiphns‚bpw kv\m\ßƒ sblqZ ]mcºcyamb IgpIent\mSp _‘s∏ńcp∂

Xn\m¬ tbml∂ms‚ injy∑m¿ c≠p kv\m\ßfpw XΩnep≈ _‘sØ∏‰n N¿® sNbvXncn°m≥

km[yXbp≠v; CtX ]Zw 2:6 epw D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂p.

2. Xs‚ PohnXhpw ip{iqjbpw sblqZaXØns‚ kºq¿Æ \nhrØnbmsW∂v tbip ]Tn∏n®ncp∂

Xmsg°mWp∂ kw`hßfpsS ]›mØeØnemWnsX∂v Nne¿ hnizkn°p∂p.

a. 2:1- 12 Im\mhnse IeymWhncp∂v

b. 2:13- 22 ssZhmeb ip≤oIcWw

c. 3:1˛21 sblqZ∑mcpsS IgpIepw tbml∂m≥ kv\m]Is‚bpw tbiphns‚bpw kv\m\ßfpw.

Cu {]tXyI kwhmZsØ hn]pes∏SpØp∂Xn¬ Cu ]›mØeßƒ H´pwXs∂ klmbIcambn F∂p

74

am{Xa√ CXp \kdmb\mb tbiphns‚ Hu∂XysØ°pdn®v km£yw ]dbphm≥ Hchkcw IqSn tbml

∂m≥ kv\m]I\p \¬IpIbpw sNbvXp.

3:26 ""\o km£oIcn®n´p≈h≥ Xt∂, CXm, kv\m\w Ign∏n°p∂p; F√mhcpw Ahs‚ ASp°¬

sN√p∂p'' ssZhØns‚ Ip™mSns\∏‰nbp≈ (H. t\m. 1:19˛36) tbml∂ms‚ BZy km£yw injy∑m¿

Hm¿°bpw tbiphns‚ hnPbØn¬ Ah¿ Aev]w Akqbmep°fmIpIbpw sNbvXp. a’cØns‚ Bflm

hns\°pdn®v tbiphpw t_m[hm\mbncp∂p (H. t\m. 4:1).

3:27 ""kz¿§Øn¬ \n∂pw AXp Ah\p sImSpØn´√msX a\pjy\pw H∂pw e`n∏m≥ IgnIbn√''

(F≥. F. Fkv. _n. A]vtU-‰-Uv). Bflob hnjbßfn¬ a’cw C√ F∂ t\cmwhÆap≈ Dd∏mb

{]kvXmh\bmWnXv. hnizmknIƒ°p e`n°p∂hb√ ssZhIr]bm¬ Ah¿°p \¬Is∏Sp∂XmWv.

F∂ncp∂mepw ""AXv'' ""Ah\v'' F∂Xns\s®m√n hfsc hmZßƒ DcpØncn™n´p≠v.

1. Nne¿ ]dbp∂Xv, ""Ah\v'' F∂Xv hnizmknsbbpw ""AXv'' c£bv°mbn {InkvXphn¶te°p hcp∂

hy‡nsbbpw kqNn∏n°p∂p F∂mWv (ssZhw ap≥ssIsbSp°p∂p, a\pjy\v {]XnIcn°mt\

Ignbq, H. t\m. tbml. 6:44, 65).

2. a‰p≈h¿ hnizmkn°p∂Xv ""Ah≥'' F∂Xv tbiphns\bpw ""AXv'' hnizmknIsfbpw kqNn∏n

°p∂p F∂mWv (H. t\m. tbml. 6:39; 10:29; 17:2,9,11,24).

Cu c≠p ho£Wßfpw XΩnep≈ hyXymkw ""sImSp°pI'' F∂ ]Zw hnizmknbpsS c£sb kqNn∏n

°p∂p As√¶n¬ kIe hnizmknIfpw ssZhØn¬ \n∂pw tbiphn\p e`n® Zm\amsW∂p kqNn∏n°p∂p

(H. t\m. 17:2) F∂Xns‚ ASnÿm\ØnemWv.

3:28 ""Rm≥ {InkvXp A√'' 1:20 ¬ ]d™Xpt]mse Xm≥ {InkvXp A√ Ahs‚ apt∂mSnbmWv F∂p

tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I≥ Ak∂nKv[ambn Dd∏m°p∂p. aem. 3:1; 4:5-; sbi. 40 (H. t\m. tbml. 1:23) F∂o

{]hN\ `mKßsfbmWnhnsS kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. 1:41 se ""ainlm''sb kw_‘n® Ipdn∏v ImWpI.

3:29 ""aWhmń D≈h≥ aWhmf≥ BIp∂p'' ssZhhpw bn{kmtbepw XΩnep≈ _‘sØ hnhcn°p∂

hnhml kmZriysØ kqNn∏n°p∂ At\I ]gb \nba `mKßfp≠v (H. t\m. sbi. 54:5; 62:4,5; bnsc.

2:2; 3:20; sbsl. 16:8; 23:4; tlmti. 2:21). Fs^. 5:22 apX¬ ]usemkpw AXp]tbmKn°p∂p. DSºSn

_‘Øns‚ G‰hpw anI® B[p\nI DZmlcWamWv {InkvXob hnhmlw.

� ""Cu Fs‚ kt¥mjw ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-cn-°p∂p'' ""kt¥mjw'' F∂ \mahpw ""kt¥m-jn-°pI'' F∂-

{In-bbpw Cu hmIy-Øn¬ 3 {]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. a’-c-a-t\m- mhw ]pe¿Øp-∂-Xn\p ]I-cw,

tbml-∂m≥ Xs‚ ÿm\w Xncn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw tbip-hn¬ kt¥m-jn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

3:30 ""Ah≥ hf-tcWw Rmt\m Ipd-tbWw'' ""thWw'' (sU-bn- dei,) F∂ ]Zw {it≤-b-am-Wv. 3:14˛epw

4:4˛epw AXp-]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v. tbip-hns‚ IqSp-X¬ hen-bXpw {]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p-∂-Xmb ip{iq-j-bpsS

tIhew Hcp apt∂m-Sn-bmWp Xms\∂ tbml-∂ms‚ Xncn-®-dn-hns‚ i‡-amb ÿnco-I-c-W-am-Wn-Xv.

tbml-∂m≥ 3:31-˛3631taen¬\n∂p hcp∂h≥ F√mh¿°pw aosXbp≈h≥: `qanbn¬\n∂p≈h≥ ùanI≥

BIp∂p; ùanIambXp kwkmcn°p∂p; kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p hcp∂h≥ F√mh¿°pw aosX

bp≈h\mbn Xm≥ ImWpIbpw tIƒ°pIbpw sNbvXXp km£oIcn°p∂p; 32Ahs‚ km£yw

Bcpw ssIs°m≈p∂n√. 33Ahs‚ km£yw ssIs°m≈p∂h≥ ssZhw kXyhm≥ F∂p≈Xn\p

ap{ZbnSp∂p. 34ssZhw Ab®h≥ ssZhØns‚ hN\w {]kvXmhn°p∂p; Ah≥ Bflmhns\

AfhpIqSmsXbt√m sImSp°p∂Xv. 35]nXmhp ]p{Xs\ kvt\ln°p∂p; kIehpw Ahs‚ Iøn¬

sImSpØpancn°p∂p. 36]p{X\n¬ hnizkn°p∂h\p \nXyPoh≥ D≠v; ]p{Xs\ A\pkcn°mØ

ht\m Pohs\ ImWpIbn√; ssZht{Im[w Ahs‚ta¬ hkn°p∂tXbp≈p.

3:31˛36 Cu hmIy-ßsf kw_-‘n®v hymJym-Xm-°-fp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ hf-sc-b-[nIw N¿®-Iƒ \S-∂n- p-≠v. Ch:

1. tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-Is‚ XpS¿ {]kvXm-h-\-I-fm-tWm

2. tbip-hns‚ hm°p-I-fmtWm (H.- t\m. 3:11˛12).

3. As∏m-kvX-e-\mb tbml-∂m-s‚ hm°p-Ifm-tWm?

Cu hmIy-ßƒ hm. 16˛21 se hnj-b-Øn-te°p aS-ßn-t∏m-Ip-∂p.

3:31 ""taen¬ \n∂p hcp-∂-h≥'' ain-lmbv°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ c≠p t]cp-Iƒ Ahs‚ ]q¿Δm-kvXn-Iy-

sØbpw ]q¿Æ ssZh-Xz-sØbpw (hm. 31 se kqN-\) {]Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw,- A-hs‚ PU-[m-c-W-sØbpw

ssZh-ZØ ZuXy-sØbpw (hm. 34 se kqN-\) {]Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv

{it≤-b-am-Wv. ""taen¬ \n∂pw P\n-°pI'' F∂ ]Zw hm. 3 se ""]pXp-Xmbn P\n-°pI,'-' ""taen¬ \n∂pw

P\n-°pI'' F∂o {]tbm-K-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ AtX ]Z-amWv.

75

ssZh-Øns‚ afiew, a\p-jys‚ afi-ew F∂n-hsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ apIfn¬ Xmsg F∂ Zzμw

tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ khn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv. CXv Nmhp-I-S-en¬ Npcp-fp-I-fn¬ ImWp∂ A¥y-

Ime kw_-‘nbmb Zzμz-ß-fn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. am{X-a-√, Bflmhpw hkvXphpw F∂ Kvt\mÃnIv

Zzμz-Øn¬ \n∂pw CXp hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. tbml-∂m-\n¬ krjvSn-tbm, a\p-jy-i-co-ctam AXn¬ Xs∂ tZmjtam

]m]-]-¶n-etam A√.

� ""F√m-h¿°pw aosX-bp-≈-h≥'' Cu hmIy-Øns‚ BZy- mKw kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p hcp∂ (H.-t\m. 1:1˛18;

3:11˛12) tbip-hns‚ ]q¿Δm-kvXn-Iy-sØbpw ssZh-Xz-sØbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. hmIy-Øns‚ c≠mw `mKw,

Ah≥ ssZh-kr-jvSn°p apI-fn-ep-≈-h-\m-sW∂p ÿm]n-°p-∂p. ""F√m-h¿°pw'' F∂p-≈Xv kIe a\p-

jy-h¿§-sØ-bpw -A-s√-¶n¬ kIe hkvXp-°-sfbpw kqNn-∏n°pwhn[w bYm-{Iaw ]p√nw-K-amtWm As√-

¶n¬ \]pw-k-I-amtWm F∂v {Ko°p-]m-T-Øn¬ \n∂pw hy‡-a-√. Nne Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ ""F√m-

h¿°pw F√m-‰n\pw aosX-bp-≈-h≥'' F∂p ImWmw. AXpƒs∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xns\ kw_-‘n®v UBS4 \p Xocp-

am-\n-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂n√ F¶nepw ]mT-\n-cq-]W hyh-ÿ-Iƒ (A-\p-_‘w c≠v ImWp-I) AXns‚ Dƒs∏-

Sp-Ø-ens\ kzmKXw sNøp-∂p.

�

NASB ""ùan-I\mb-h≥ `qan-bn¬ \n∂p-≈-h≥ BIp∂p; ùan-I-am-bXp kwkm-cn-°p-∂p''

NKJV ""`qan-bn¬ \n∂p-≈-h≥ ùan-I≥ B-Ip-∂p. ùan-I-am-bXp kwkm-cn-°p-∂p''

NRSV ""`qan-bptS-Xm-bh≥ `qan-°p≈-h\mIp-∂p. `qan-bnse Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°p-∂p''

TEV ""`qan-bn¬ \n∂p-≈-h≥ `qan-bp-tS-Xm-Ip-∂p. `qan-bnse Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°p-∂p''

NJB ""`qan-bn¬ \n∂p-≈-h≥ Xm≥ Xt∂ ùan-I-\m-Ip∂p; ùanI coXn-bn¬ kwkm-cn-°p∂p''

CXv tbml-∂m-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Hcp \ntj-[m-flI {]kvXm-h\b√. `qan F∂-Xn\v ChnsS sImSp-Øn-cn-

°p∂ ]Zw (Ko˛ge, 12:32; 17:4; 1 tbml. 5:8, shfn-∏m-Sn¬ 76 {]mh-iyw) ""temIw'' (tIm-kvtamkv- kosmoj)

F∂ ]Z-a-√. ""temIw'' F∂ ]Zw \ntj-[m-flI A¿∞-Øn-emWp tbml-∂m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv. CXv

tbip X\n°p ]cn-Nn-X-amb kz¿§-Ønse Imcy-ßƒ kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ, kIea\p-jycpw Xßƒ°-dn-bm-

hp∂ qan-bnse Imcy-ßƒ kwkm-cn-°p∂p F∂ Hcp tIhe Dd-∏n-°-emWv. AXn-\m¬ tbip-hns‚ km£yw

`qan-bnse GXp {]hm-N-I-s‚tbm {]kw-K-I-s‚tbm km£y-sØ-°mfpw D∂-X-amWv (H.-t\m. F{_m. 1:1˛4).

3:31 ""Xm≥ ImÏbpw tIƒ°-bpw -sN-bvXXp km£oIcn-°p∂p'' Cu hmIy-Ønse {Inbm-Im-e-ß-fp-

]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ Hcp Zzbm¿∞ {]tbm-K-am-WnXv: (1) ""I≠Xv'' ]q¿Æ-{Inb; (2) ""tI´Xv'' kmam\y `qX-Imew,

(3) ""km£o-I-cn-°p∂p'' h¿Ø-am-\-Im-ew. tbip ssZh-Øns‚ BXy-¥nI shfn-∏m-Sm-Wv (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn.

8:6; sImsem. 1:13- 20; F{_m. 1:2˛3). Ah≥ (1) ]nXmhmw ssZh-tØm-sSm-Øp≈ Xs‚ A\p- -h-Øn¬\n∂pw

(2) Xs‚ kz¥ ssZh-Xz-Øn¬\n∂pw kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.

� ""Ahs‚ km£yw Bcpw ssIs°m-≈p-∂n√'' CXp ]uckvXy coXn-bn-ep≈ Hcp AXyp‡n-bmWv.

ImcWw At\-I Bfp-Iƒ Ah-s‚-b-SpØp h∂n-cp-∂-Xmbn hm. 23˛26 hy‡am-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu {]tbmKw

Xm¬°m-enI kμ¿ -sØ-°p-dn-®-√, adn®v sblqZaXsØ apgp-h\pw Dƒs°m-≈n-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-XmWv (H.-

t\m. 3:11).

3:33 ""ssIs°m-≈p-∂-h≥'' CXp kIea\p-jy-tcm-Sp-ap≈ ssZh-Øns‚ km¿ΔeuIn-Ihpw A]-cn--an-X-hp-

amb kvt\lsØ ImWn-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ kphn-ti-jsØ kw_-‘n®v Hcp XS- -hp-an√; Hcp-h≥ am\-

km-¥-c-s∏´p hniz-kn-®m¬ aXn (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 1:15; {]hr. 20:21). am{X-a√ hmKvZm\w kI-e¿°pw th≠n-

bp-≈-XmWv (H.-t\m. 1:12; 3:16˛18; sbsl. 18:23,32; tbml. 3:16; 4:42; 1 Xnsam. 2:4; XosØm. 2:11; 2 ]s{Xm. 3:9;

1 tbml. 2:1; 4:14).

� ""Ahs‚ km£yw ssIs°m-≈p-∂h≥'' hm. 33 `qX-Im-e-{In-b-bpw hm. 36 hm¿Ø-am-\-Ime {Inb-bp-

am-Wv. CXp ImWn-°p-∂Xv c£-bv°mbn ssZh-Øn¬ B{i-bn-°p-∂Xv Hcp {]mY-anI Xocp-am\w am{X-a-√,

injy-Xz-Øns‚ PohnXw IqSn-bm-sW-∂m-Wv. AwKo-I-cW-Øns‚ Bh-iy-I-X-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Cu ÿncoIc

Ww apºv 1:12 epw 3:16˛18 epw {]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≠v. km£yw kzoI-cn-°epw (hm. 33) AXn¬ XpS¿am-\-ambn

\S-°p-∂Xpw (hm. 36) XΩn-ep≈ Zznam\ LSIw {i≤n-°p-I. ""hnizmkw'' F∂ hm°n\p Xpey-ambn ""ssIs°m-

≈pI'' F∂ ]Z-Øn\pw ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ c≠p A¿∞-ß-fp-≠v.

1. {InkvXp-hns\ hy‡n-]-c-ambn kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw Ah-\n¬ \S-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.

2. kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ Dƒs°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ kXy-ßfpw D]-tZ-i-ßfpw ssIs°m-≈pI (H.-t\m. bqZm

3,20).

76

�

NASB ""ssZhw kXy-hm≥ F∂-Xn\p Ah≥ ap{Z-sh-bv°p∂p''

NKJV, NRSV ""ssZhw F∂Xv Ah≥ km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p''

TEV ""ssZhw kXy-ap-≈-h-s\∂v CXn-\m¬ Dd-∏n-°p-∂p.''

NJB ""ssZhw kXy-hm-s\∂v km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p''

hnizm-kn-Iƒ {InkvXp-hn¬ X-ß-fpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb B{ibw hbv°p-tºmƒ, Xs∂-°p-dn®pw temI-

sØ-°p-dn®pw a\p-jy-s\-°p-dn®pw Xs‚ ]p{X-s\-°p-dn-®p-ap≈ ssZh-Øns‚ ktμiw kXy-am-sW∂v Ah¿

Dd-∏n-°p-I-bmWp sNøp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. tdma. 3:4). CXp tbml-∂m-\n¬ Bh¿Øn®phcp∂ Hcp hnj-b-amWv

(H.-t\m. 3:33; 7:28; 8:26; 17:3; 1 tbml. 5:20). GI kXy-ssZ-hsØ BXy-¥n-I-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn-\m¬

tbip kXy-hm-\mWv (H.-t\m. 3:7,14; 19:11).

"ap{Z' F∂ {Inbbv°v, Xmsgs°mSp-Øn-cn°p∂ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ap{ZXmsgs°mSp-Øn-cn°p-∂-hsb ImWn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]pcm-X\ coXn-bm-bn-cp∂p ap{Z:

1. kXyw (H.-t\m. 3:33)

2. DS-a-ÿX (H.-t\m. tbml. 6:27; 2 Xnsam. 2:19; shfn. 7:2˛3).

3. kpc-£n-XXzw AYhm kwc-£Ww (H.-t\m. Dev]. 4:15; aØmbn 27:66; tdma. 15:28; 2 sImcn. 1:22;

Fs -. 1:13; 4:30).

4. ssZhn-I-Zm-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hmKvZ-Ø-Øns‚ bmYm¿∞ysØ kw_-‘n® Hcp AS-bm-fhpw

BImw AXv (H.-t\m. tdma. 4:11; 1 sImcn. 9:2).

ssZh-t{Im[w Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ sNmcn-bm-sX-hÆw ssZh-P-\sØ thdn´p \n¿ØpI F∂-XmWv

ap{ZbpsS Dt±-iyw. kmØms‚ ap{Z, ssZh-tIm-]-Øn-\n-c-I-fmb Ahs‚ P\sØ Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p-]-I-cn-

°p-∂p. shfn-∏mSp ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ""]oU'' (A-Xm. Xven]vkn-kv˛qliyij) F√m-bvt∏mgpw Ahn-izm-kn-

Iƒ hnizm-kn-Isf D]-{Z-hn-°p-∂Xpw tIm]w/t{Im[w (A-Xm. Hm¿Kn As√-¶n¬ Xptam-kv orgh/qumoj)F√m-bvt∏m-gpw,-A-h¿ am\-km-¥-c-s∏ v {InkvXp-hn-te°p Xncn-bpI F∂ Dt±-iy-tØm-Sp-IqSn Ahn-izm-

kn-I-fp-sS-ta¬ sNmcn-bp∂ ssZhnI \ymb-hn-[n-bp-am-Wv. \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS Cu km[-Im-flI Dt±iyw

Bh¿Ø\w 27˛28 se DS-ºSn im]-Øn¬/A\p-{K-l-Øn¬ ImWm≥ Ign-bpw.

""Poh-\p≈ ssZhw'' F∂ {]-tbmKw ""btlmh'' F∂ \maw- D-]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ Hcp ]Z-hn-\ym-k-amWv

(H.-t\m. ]pd. 3:14; k¶o. 42:2; 84:2; aØmbn 16:16).- CtX ]Z-hn-\ymkw ""btlm-h-bmW'' F∂ thZ-]p-

kvXI BW-bnepw ImWm≥ Ign-bpw.

3:34 ""ssZhw Ab-®-h≥ ssZh-Øns‚ hN\w {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p'' tbip-hns‚ A[n-Imcw ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂p-≈-Xm-sW∂p ImWn-°p∂ c≠p kam-¥c {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ hm. 34 ¬ ImWmw.

1. ssZhw Ahs\ Ab®p

2. Ah\v Bflm-hns‚ \nd-hp-≠v

� ""Ah≥ Bflm-hns\ Af-hp-Iq-Sm-sX-bt√m sImSp-°p-∂Xv'' CXv A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ Hcp \ntj-[m-

flI {]kvXm-h-\-bm-sW-¶nepw ]cn-`m-j-bn¬ km[-Im-flI A¿∞-am-Wp-≈-Xv. Cu Bflm-hns‚ \ndhv

c≠p hyXykvX coXn-bn¬ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ignbpw. Nne¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv.

1. tbip Bflm-hns‚ \ndhv hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p \¬Ip-∂p (H.-t\m. 4:10˛14; 7:37˛39)

2. Bflm-hns‚ \ndhv ssZhnI Zm\-amb ain-lmsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 35)

""Afhv'' F∂ Cu ]ZsØ ssZhw {]hm-N-I-∑m¿°p \¬Ip∂ {]tNm-Z-\sØ hnh-cn-°p-hm-\mWv

d∫n-am¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. Hcp {]hm-N-I\pw Bflm-hns‚ ]q¿Æ-\n-dhv e`y-a√ F∂pw d∫n-am¿ Iq´n-

t®¿°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ tbip {]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-°mfpw t{ijvT\pw (H.-t\m. F{_m. 1:1˛2), AXn-\m¬ ssZh-

Øns‚ ]q¿ÆX shfn-∏m-Sp-am-Wv.

3:35 ""]nXmhp ]p{Xs\ kvt\ln-°p∂p'' Cu ÿnco-I-cWw 5:20 epw 17:23˛26 epw Bh¿Øn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS _‘w ain-lm-tbm-Sp≈ Ahs‚ kvt\l-Øn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p

(A-Xp-ey-\mb ]p{X≥, H.-t\m. F{_m. 1:2; 3:5˛6; 5:8; 7:28). a\p-jy¿ F¥p-sIm≠v tbip-hns\ ain-lm-

bmbn hniz-kn-°Ww F∂-Xn-\p≈ Imc-W-ßƒ Cu `mKØp A°-an´p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xp {i≤n-°p-I.

1. ImcWw Ah≥ kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-h\pw F√m-h¿°pw aosX-bp-≈-h\pw (hm. 31)

2. ImcWw hos≠-Sp-∏n≥ ZuXy-hp-ambn ssZh-Øm¬ Ab-bv°-s∏- -h-\m-W-h≥ (hm. 34)

3. ImcWw ssZhw Ah\v Bflm-hns‚ \ndhv \¬In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p (hm. 34)

4. ImcWw ssZhw Ahs\ kvt\ln-°p∂p (hm. 35)

5. ImcWw ssZhw kI-ehpw Ahs‚ Iøn¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂p (hm. 35)

77

""kvt\lw'' F∂-Xn\v At\I {Ko°p-]-Z-ß-fp-≠v. Ah hyXykvX am\p-jnI _‘-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂p. AKm-∏m-thm (agapaw), ^nsetbm (filew) F∂nh amdn-amdn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv. ]nXm-hn\p

]p{X-t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ c≠pw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v.

1. 3:35; 17:23,24,26 ˛ AKm-∏mthm (agapaw)

2. 5:20 ˛ ^nsetbm (filew)

21:15˛17 ¬ ]s{Xm-kn-t\m-Sp≈ tbip-hns‚ kw`m-j-W-Øn¬ kmμ¿`nI-amb Hcp hyXymkw ImWm-hp-∂-

Xm-Wv. Hm¿°pI ""kμ¿`w, kμ¿`w, kμ¿`w'' BWv hm°p-I-fpsS A¿∞w \n›-bn-°p-∂-Xv, ]Z-kq-Nn-

Itfm \nL-≠p-°tfm A√.

� ""kI-ehpw Ahs‚ Iøn¬ sImSp-Øp-an-cn-°p∂p'' CXv ]q¿Øn-bmb I¿Øcn kqN-I-amWv. as‰mcp

hs‚ taep≈ A[n-Imcw AYhm i‡nsb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ F{_mb ssien-bm-WnXv (A-Xm. 10:28;

13:3; {]hr. 4:28; 13:11). CXv AXohXmev]cy P\-Ihpw At\I kam-¥-c-ß-fp-≈-Xp-amb {]tbm-K-amWv (H.-

t\m. tbml. 13:3; 17:2; aØm. 11:27; 28:18; Fs^. 1:20˛22; sImsem. 2:10; 1 ]s{Xm. 3:22).

3:36

NASB ""]p{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h\p \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠p; F∂m¬ ]p{Xs\ A\p-k-cn-°m-Ø-ht\m

Pohs\ ImWp-I-bn-√.''

NKJV ""]p{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂h\v imizX Poh≥ D≠v; ]p{Xs\ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h≥ Pohs\

ImWp-I-bn√''

NRSV ""]p{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v; ]p{Xs\ A\p-k-cn-°m-Ø-h-≥ Pohs\

ImWp-I-bn√''

TEV ""]p{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v; ]p{Xs\ A\p-k-cn-°mØ Gh\pw

Poh≥ C√.''

NJB ""]p{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ bmsXm-cp-Ø\pw \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v; F∂m¬ ]p{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-

°m≥ Iq´m-°mØ bmsXmcpØ\pw Hcn-°epw Pohs\ ImWp-I-bn√''

Cu {Inb-Iƒ F√mw Xs∂ h¿Ø-am\Ime I¿Øcn {]tbm-K-ßfpw XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ {]hr-

Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. hnizm-k-sa-∂Xv Hcp ka-bØv hnizkn°pI F∂-Xnepw D]-cn-bmb H∂m-

Wv. AsX-{X-am{Xw Bflm¿∞-bp-≈Xpw sshIm-cn-Ihpw Bbn-cp-∂m¬t]mepw (H.-t\m. aØm. 13:20). CXp

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv tbip-hns\ Adn-bmsX Hcp-h\p ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bm≥ Ign-Ibn-s√-∂mWv (H.-t\m. tbml.

12:44˛50; 1 tbml. 5:10). ]p{X-\mb tbip-hp-am-bp-≈ -Xp-S¿am-\-amb Hcp _‘-Øn-eqsS am{X-amWv c£

ssIhcp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 10:1˛18; 14:6).

h¿Ø-am\ Imew, XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ {]hr-Ønsb am{X-a-√, c£-bpsS h¿Ø-am-\-Ime bmYm¿∞y-

sØbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXv hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Ct∏mƒ D≈ -H-∂m-Wv. At∏mƒXt∂, ]q¿Øn-bm-Im-

ØXpamWv. AXv c≠p Ime-ß-fpsS ""e`n-®p-I-gn™p'' ""C\nbpw Bbn- n√'' F∂ Zzμ-am-Wv ({]tXyI ]T-

\- hn-jbw: 1 tbml-∂m≥ 2:17 se Cu Imehpw hcphm-\p≈ Imehpw ImWp-I). {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw:

9:7 ¬ c£-bv°mbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈ {Inbm-Im-e-ßƒ ImWpI

Cu hmIy-Ønse ""hniz-kn-°pI,'' ""A\p-k-cn-°pI'' F∂ sshcp≤yw {i≤n-°p-∂Xp ck-I-c-am-Wv.

kphn-tijw F∂Xv \mw kzoI-cn-°p∂ Hcp hy‡n am{X-a-√, AXp \mw Pohn-°p∂ Hcp PohnXw IqSn-

bmWv (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 6:46; Fs^. 2:8˛10).

� ""ssZh-t{Im[w Ah-s‚-ta¬ hkn-°p-∂-tX-bp≈q'' tbml-∂ms‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ ""t{Im[w'' (Hm¿Kn˛

orgh) F∂ ]Zw hcp∂ GI ÿe-amWnXv (sh-fn-∏m-Sn¬ 5 {]mhiyw Hgn-sI). Bibw km[m-c-W-ambp≈Xpw

""\ymb-hn[n'' F∂ ]Z-tØmSp _‘-s∏-´-Xp-am-Wv. CXv h¿Ø-am-\-Ime I¿Øcn kqN-I-am-Wv. ""hnizm-

kw,'' ""A-\p-k-cWw,'' ""t{Im[w'' F∂nh XpS-cp∂ h¿Ø-am\Ime bmYm¿∞y-ßfpw `mhn-bn¬ ]q¿Øo-

I-c-W-ØnseØp-∂-h-bp-am-Wv. ssZh-cm-Py-Ønse ""h∂p Ign™p'' ""C\nbpw Bbn- n√'' F∂nh XΩn¬

\ne-\n¬°p∂ AtX kwL¿j-amWv CXpw. ssZh-t{Im[w kw_-‘n® ]q¿Æ-amb thZ-]p-kvXI N¿®bv°v

tdma¿ 1:18; 3:20 hmbn-°p-I.









78

1. tbip-hns‚ BZy-Ime {]kwKw F{]-Im-c-amWv tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I-t‚-Xn-t\mSp Xpey-am-bn-cn-

°p-∂Xv?

2. Cu kv\m\w, {InkvXob kv\m\-Øn\p Xpey-amtWm?

3. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ {]mcw` A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-Is‚ hm°p-Iƒ°v

C{X-am{Xw {]m[m\yw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX-¥p-sIm≠v?

4. tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I\pw tbiphpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘sØ hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\mb tbml-

∂m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ sshcp-≤y-ß-fpsS FÆhpw C\hpw hnh-cn-°p-I.

5. hm. 33 se ""ssIs°m-≈pI'' F∂ ]Zhpw hm. 36 se ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂ ]Zhpw XΩn¬ Fß-

s\-bmWv _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv?

6. Bfp-Iƒ \k-dm-b-\mb tbip-hns\ Ah-cpsS c£bv°p≈ GI{]Xym-i-bmbn F¥p-sIm≠v B{i-

bn-°Ww F∂-Xn-\p≈ Imc-W-ßƒ ]d-bpI (hm. 31˛36).

7. hm. 36 se ""t{Im[w'' F∂ ]Zw h¿Ø-am\Ime {Inb Bbn-cn-°p-∂-sX-¥p-sIm-s≠∂p hni-Zo-I-

cn-°p-I.

79

tbiphpw ia-cymkv{Xo Xs‚ tbiphpw tbiphpw tbip ia-cy-cpsS

ia-cy-bnse ain-lsb I≠pap ia-cycpw ia-cycpw CS-bn¬

kv{Xobpw ´p∂p

4:1˛6 4:1˛26 4:1˛6 4:1˛4 4:1˛10

4:5˛6

4:7˛15 4:7˛15 4:7˛8

4:9

4:10

4:11- 12 4:11- 14

4:13-˛14

4:15 4:15˛24

4:16˛26 4:16˛26 4:16

4:17a

4:17b˛18

4:19-˛20

4:21-˛24

4:25 4:25-˛26

shfpØn-cn-°p∂ 4:26

hb¬

4:27˛30 4:27˛38 4:27˛30 4:27 4:27˛30

4:28˛30

4:31-˛38 4:31-˛38 4:31 4:31-˛38

4:32

4:33

temI-Øns‚ 4:34-˛38

c£-I≥

4:39˛42 4:39˛42 4:39˛42 4:39˛40 4:39˛42

cmP-`r-X-ys‚ Keo-e-bnse tbiphpw tbip cmP- rXy- tbip

aIs‚ kuJyw kzoI-cWw PmXn-Ifpw s‚ aIs\ kuJy Keo-e-bn¬

am°p∂p

4:43˛45 4:43˛45 4:43˛45 4:43˛45 4:43˛45

Ipeo-\-a-\p-jys‚ cmP-`r-X-ys‚

aI≥ kuJy-am- aIs‚ kuJyw

Ip∂p

4:46-˛54 4:46-˛54 4:46-˛54 4:46-˛48 4:46-˛53

4:49

4:50-˛51

4:52-˛53

4:54 4:54



80














4. BZnbmbh

hm. 1˛54 s‚ ]›m-Øe Dƒ°m-gvN-Iƒ

A. A≤ymbw 3, 4 ¬ tkmt±iy-]-c-amb Hcp LS-\-bp-≠v.

1. aX- -‡≥ (\n-t°m-tZ-sam-kv) x aX-{ -jvS≥ (In-W-‰n-¶se kv{Xo)

2. sbcp-itew ˛ ASn-ÿm\ sblq-Z-aXw (bm-Ym-ÿn-Xn-Iw) x iacy sblqZ aXw (Zp-cp-]-tZ-i]-

cw)

B. tbip-hns‚ Bf-Xzhpw {]hr-Ønbpw kw_-‘n® kXy-ßƒ Cu kw -h-ß-fn-eqsS IqSp-X¬ hnIkn-

X-am-Ip-∂p.

1. InW-‰n-¶se kv{Xobp-am-bp≈ kw`m-jWw (hm. 1˛26);

2. Xs‚ injy-∑m-cp-am-bp≈ kw`m-jWw (hm. 27˛38);

3. {Kma-hm-kn-I-fpsS km£yw (hm. 39˛42);

4. Keo-e-°m-cm-ep≈ kzoI-cWw (hm. 43˛45);

5. tcmK-Øn-t∑-ep≈ tbip-hns‚ A[n-Im-c-Øns‚ AS-bmfw/A¤pXw (hm. 46˛54).

]Z, ssien ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 4:1˛6

1tbip tbml∂ms\°mƒ A[nIw injy∑msc tN¿Øp kv\m\w Ign∏n°p∂p F∂p ]coi

∑m¿ tI´p F∂p I¿Ømhp Adn™t∏mƒ 2injy∑m¿ A√msX, tbip Xt∂ kv\m\w Ign∏n®n√

Xm\pw. 3Ah≥ sblqZytZiw hn´p ]ns∂bpw Keose°p bm{Xbmbn. 4Ah≥ iacybn¬IqSn

IS∂pt]mtI≠nh∂p. 5Aßs\ Ah≥ kpJm¿ Fs∂mcp iacy]´WØn¬ bmt°m_v Xs‚

]p{X\mb tbmtk^n∂p sImSpØ \neØn∂cnsI FØn. 6AhnsS bmt°m_ns‚ Ddhp≠mbn

cp∂p. tbip hgn \S∂p £oWn®n´p Ddhn∂cnsI Ccp∂p; At∏mƒ GItZiw Bdmw aWnt\cw

Bbncp∂p.

4:1 ""I¿Ømhv'' h¿j-ßƒ°p-tijw Cu kw`hw A\p-kv-acn® (B-flm-hns‚ klm-b-Øm¬) tbml-

∂m≥ Hcp hmN-I-Øn¬ Xs∂ Htc hy‡nsb kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v ""I¿Øm-hv,'' ""tbip'' F∂o t]cp-Iƒ

D]-tbm-Kn®p.

At\I {Ko°p Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ hm. 1 ¬ ""tbip'' c≠p {]mhiyw ImWp-tºmƒ (A-Xm. a, D,NRSV, NJB, REB), Isø-gp-Øp-{]-Xn-I-fmb P66, P75, A, B, C, L (NASB, NKJV) F∂n-h-bn¬ ""I¿Ømhv''

F∂mW.v anI® Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ ""I¿Ømhv'' F∂m-Wv ImWp-∂-sX-¶nepw UBS4 ""tbip'' F∂p

tN¿°p-Ibpw AXn\v ""C'' td‰nwKv (Xo-cp-am-\n-°m≥ _p≤n-ap- v) \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.

� ""]co-i-∑m¿'' 1:24 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

� tbip tbml-∂m-s\-°mƒ A[nIw injy-∑msc tN¿Øp kv\m\w Ign-∏n-°p∂p F∂p ... tI´p''

Xs‚ injy-∑mcpw tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-Is‚ injy-∑mcpw XΩn¬ ]co-i-∑m¿ kwL¿j-ap-≠m-°m-\p≈

81

km[yX Hgn-hm-°m≥ tbip B ÿeØp \n∂p-t]m-bn. tltcmZv A¥n-∏mkv tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-Is\ X

Shnem-°nbXp-sIm-≠mWv Ah≥ t]mb-sX∂p ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ßƒ ]d-bp∂p (H.-t\m. aØm.

4:12; a¿s°m. 1:14; eqs°m. 3:20).

4:2 ""tbip Xt∂ kv\m\w Ign-∏n-®n-√-Xm\pw'' CXp kv\m\sØ hne-Ip-d®p ImWn-°m-\p≈ Hcp {]kvXm-

h-\-b√ (H.-t\m. aØm. 28:19; {]hr. 2:38; 8:12; 16:33; 22:16), adn®v a\p-jys‚ kzbØn¬ -tI-{μo-IrXamb

{]Ir-XsØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv (A-Xm. ""Rm≥ tbip-hns‚ ssI°o-gn¬ kv\m\-s∏-´-h-\mWv'' As√-

¶n¬ ""]usem-kns‚,'' H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 1:17). tbip Xs‚ ip{iq-j-bpsS Bcw- -Øn¬ kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øp-

Ibpw ]n∂oSv \n¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°m-\mWp km[yX (H.-t\m. 3:22). ]co-i-∑m-cpsS hymP-{]-kvXm-h-

\sb tbml-∂m≥ Xncp-Øp-I-bm-Wv.

4:3 ""Ah≥ sblq-Zy-tZiw hn´p ]ns∂bpw Keo-se°p bm{X-bmbn'' tbiphns‚ `qan-im-kv{X-]-c-amb

\o°-ßƒ kqNn-∏n-°m≥ c≠v `qX-Im-e -I¿Øcn {Inb-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p.

4:4 ""Ah≥ ia-cy-bn¬ IqSn IS-∂p-t]m-tI≠n h∂p'' ""...tI≠n h∂p'' F∂Xv {Ko°p {Inb-bmb tUbn

(dei,) BWv. Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬ AXv At\I {]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. (H.-t\m. 3:7, 14, 30). AXp km[m-

c-W-bmbn ""IqSntb Ignbq,'' ""Bh-iy-amWv'' F∂n-ßs\ X¿÷a sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p. tbip Cu hgn Xnc-

s™-Sp-Ø-Xn\p ]n∂n¬ ssZhn-tIm-t±-iy-ap-≠v. AXv G‰hpw ssZ¿Lyw Ipd™ hgn-bmWv; Keo-e-bn¬

\n∂p≈ sblq-Z-∑m¿ Cu hgn-bmWp]tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-sX∂v sPmko- kv ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m¬ sblq-Zy-bnse

sblq-Z-∑m¿ ia-cysc Ah¿ kΩn-{i-PmXn F∂ \ne-bn¬ shdp-Øn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ah-cpsS tZi-Øp-IqSn

k©-cn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: hwio-bXI. BapJw

A. hoWp-t]mb a\pjy-h¿§w Xs‚ kaq-l-Øn-\p-≈n¬ km¿Δ-eu-In-I-hambn {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-

Wn-Xv. At\I \ne-I-fn¬ Hcp B[p-\nI {]Xn- m-k-am-Wv hwio-bX. F∂m¬ tZio-bX (A-

Yhm tKm{X-]cX) IqSp-X¬ ]pcm-X\am-Wv.

B. tZiob _mt_-en-em-Wm-cw-`n-®-Xv (Dev]Øn 11), hwi-ßƒ Dcp-Øn-cn™ t\ml-bpsS aq∂p

]p{X-∑m-tcmSp _‘-s∏-´mWv AXv BZyw Df-hm-b-Xv (D-ev]Øn 10). F∂m¬ a\p-jy-h¿§w

Hscm‰ Dd-hn-S-Øn¬ \n∂mWp≠mb-sX∂v Xncp-h-N\w hy‡-am-°p-∂p (H.-t\m. -D-ev]. 1˛3; {]hr.

17:24˛26).

C. hwio-bX At\I ap≥hn-[n-I-fn¬ H∂p am{X-am-Wv. a‰p-≈-h-bn¬ NneXv (1) hnZym- ymk K¿Δv;

(2) kmaq-lnI kmº-ØnI Al¥; (3) kzb-\o-Xn-bpsS aX-\n-b-a-hmZw; (4) I¿°i cmjv{Sob

NmbvhpIƒ.

II. thZ-]p-kvXI ho£Ww

A. ]g-b-\n-baw

1. Dev]Øn 1:27 ˛ a\p-jy-h¿§w, BWpw s]Æp-ambn ssZh-Øns‚ kzcq-]-Ønepw kmZr-iy-

Ønepw krjvSn-°-s∏- p. AXm-W-hsc AXp-ey-cm-°n-b-Xv. AXv Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°p-ap≈ hnebpw

am\y-Xbpw ImWn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. tbml. 3:16).

2. Dev]Øn 1:11˛25 ˛ ""AXXp Xcw'' F∂ {]tbmKw ]Øp {]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

hwiob th¿Xn-cnhns\ ]n¥p-W-bv°p-hm≥ Cu hmIyw D]-tbm-Kn-°mdp≠v. F∂m¬ kμ¿ -

Øn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv CXp arK-ßƒ°pw kky-ßƒ°p-amWv a\p-jy¿°√ D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂m-Wv.

3. Dev]Øn 9:18˛27 ˛ hwiob ta[m-hn-XzsØ ]n¥-W-bv°p-hm≥ CXp-]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. F∂m¬

ssZhw I\ms\ i]n-®n-√ F∂ Imcyw Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Ahs‚ ]nXm-a-l-\mb

t\mlbmWv, el-cnhn- p-W¿∂-tijw Ahs\ i]n-®-Xv. Ahs‚ BWsb/im]sØ ssZhw

Dd-∏n-®-Xmbn ss__nƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n-√. Ah-\-ßs\ sNbvsX-¶n¬ t]mepw AXv Idp

Ø h¿§-°msc kzm[o-\n-®n- n-√. I\m≥ ]e-kvXo-\nse \nhm-kn-I-fpsS ]nXm-hm-bn-cp∂p;

CuPn-]vXnse Nph¿Nn-{X-ßƒ Ah¿ Idp-Ø-h-sc-s√∂pw sXfn-bn-°p-∂p.

4. tbmiph 9:23 ˛ Hcp hwiw as‰mcp hwisØ tkhn-°p-sa∂p sXfn-bn-°m≥ CXp-]-tbm-Kn-

°p-∂p. F¶nepw kμ¿ -Øn-\-\p-k-cn-®v, Kns_-tbm-\y¿ sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS AtX hwi-Øn¬

s] -h-cm-sW∂p a\- n-em-°mw.

5. F{km 9˛10; s\sl. 13 ˛ Ch ]e-t∏mgpw hwiob A¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-s≠-

¶nepw kμ¿`w hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv hnhmlw \njn-≤-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv hwiob Imc-W-ß-fm-

82

e√ (A-hcpw t\ml-bpsS AtX ]p{Xs‚ k¥-Xn-I-fm-Wv, Dev]Øn 10), adn®v aX-]-c-amb

Imc-W-ß-fm-em-sW-∂m-Wv.

B. ]pXnb \nbaw

1. kphn-ti-j-ßƒ

a. tbip At\I kμ¿ -ß-fn¬ sblq-Z-∑mcpw ia-cy-cpw XΩnep≈ hwiob hntZz-jsØ

D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. hwiob hntZzjw A\m-h-iy-am-sW-∂mWv CXn-\¿∞w.

(1) \√ ia-cy-°m-cs‚ D]a (eq-s°m. 10:25˛37).

(2) InW-‰n-¶se kv{Xo (tbm-l. 4)

(3) \μn-bp≈ IpjvT-tcmKn (eq-s°m. 17:7˛19)

b. kphn-tij kIe am\-h-Pm-Xn°pw th≠n

(1) tbml-∂m≥ 3:16

(2) eqs°mkv 24:46˛47

(3) F{_m-b¿ 2:9

(4) shfn-∏mSv 14:6

c. ssZhcmPy-Øn¬ kIea\p-jycpw Dƒs∏Spw

(1) eqs°m. 13:29

(2) shfn-∏mSv 5

2. As∏m-kvXe {]hr-Øn-Iƒ

a. ssZh-Øns‚ km¿Δ-eu-InI kvt\l-sØbpw kphn-ti-j-Øn-s‚ km¿Δ-eu-InI ktμ-

i-sØbpw Ip-dn-®p≈ hy‡-amb thZ- m-K-amWv {]hr-Øn-Iƒ 10.

b. {]hr-Øn. 11 ¬ ]s{Xm-kns‚ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ FXn¿°-s∏- p-sh-¶nepw {]hr. 15 se sbcp-

itew Iu¨kn¬ hsc Cu {]iv\w ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏- n-√. H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse sblq-Z-

∑mcpw PmXn-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ kwL¿jw hfsc ISp-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

3. ]usemkv

a. {InkvXp-hn¬ AXn¿h-c-ºp-I-fn√

(1) Kem. 3:26˛28

(2) Fs^. 2:11˛22

(3) sImsem. 3:11

b. ssZh-Øn\p apJ-]-£-an√

(1) tdma¿ 2:11

(2) Fs -ky¿ 6:9

4. ]s{Xmkpw bmt°m_pw

a. ssZh-Øn\p apJ-]-£-an-√, 1 ]s{Xm. 1:17

b. ssZh-Øn\v apJ-]-£-an-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ Ahs‚ P\hpw apJ-]£w ImWn-°-cp-Xv,

bmt°m_v 2:1

5. tbml-∂m≥

a. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-XzsØ kw_-‘n® G‰hpw i‡-amb {]kvXm-h-\-I-fn-sem∂v

1 tbml. 4:20 ¬ ImWp-∂p.

III. D]-kw-lmcw

A. hwio-bX As√-¶n¬ GXp hn[-Øn-ep≈ ap≥hn-[n-Ifpw ssZh-a-°ƒ°pw H´pw Xs∂ A\p-

tbm-Py-a-√. 1964 ¬ {InkvXy≥ sse^v IΩo-j\pth≠n \yq saIvkn-t°m-bnse t•mdn-sb-‰-

bn¬ sl≥en _m¿s\‰v sNbvX {]kw-K-Øn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ Hcp D≤-cWn CXm.

""hwio-bX Zpcp-]-tZ-i-amWv, ImcWw AXp thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn\p \nc-°m-ØXpw Ass{I-

kvX-hhpw BWv. Aim-kv{Xo-b-am-sW∂ Imcyw ]d-bp-Ibpw th≠.''

B. Cu {]iv\w {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v, \jvS-s∏´ temI-tØm-Sp-ff Xß-fpsS {InkvXpXpey-amb

kvt\lhpw £abpw Xncn-®-dnhpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ah-kcw \¬Ip-∂p. Cu hnj-b-Øn-

ep≈ {InkvXob hnk-ΩXw Ah-cpsS ]Iz-X-bn-√m-bvasb shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw hnizm-knbpsS

hnizm-kw, Dd-∏v, hf¿® F∂n-hsb apc-Sn-∏n®pIf-bp-hm≥ ZpjvS\v Ah-kcw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p. \jvS-s∏- -h¿ {InkvXp-hn-te°p hcp-∂-Xn\v AXp XS- -ambn \n¬°p-∂p.

C. F\n-s°¥p sNøm≥ Ignbpw? (Cu `mKw ""hwiob _‘-ßƒ'' F∂ t]cn¬ {InkvXy≥

sse v IΩo-j≥ {]kn-≤o-I-cn® Hcp eLp-te-J-bn¬ \n∂pw FSp-Øn- p-≈-Xm-Wv).

""hy‡n-]-c-amb \ne-bn¬''

� hwiob hnjbw ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ \nß-fpsS DØ-c-hm-ZnØw AwKo-

I-cn-°p-I.

83

� a‰p hwi-Øn¬ s] -h-tcmSp tN¿∂v {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw hN\w ]Tn-°p-Ibpw Iq´mbva BN-

cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-eqsS \nß-fpsS hwiob ap≥hn[n Hgn-hm-°m≥ D’m-ln-°p-I.

� hwiob hntZziw Pzen-∏n-°p-∂-h-tcmSp {]tXy-In®pw \nß-fpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb t_m[yw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

""IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øn¬''

� a‰p hwi-°m-tcm-Sp≈ at\m- mhw hnI-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ IpSpw-_-kzm-[o-\-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw

Xncn-®-dn-bp-I.

� hoSn\p shfn-bn¬ tIƒ°p∂ hwiob hnj-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®p a°fpw amXm-]n-Xm-°-fp-ambn

kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS {InkvXob at\m- mhw hnI-kn-∏n-°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-I.

� a‰p hwi-ß-fn¬ s]´ Bfp-I-tfmSp≈ _‘-Øn¬ {InkvXob amXrI ImWn-°p-hm≥ amXm-

]n-Xm-°ƒ {i≤m-ep-°-fm-bn-cn-°-Ww.

� hwiob tcJ-Iƒ°-∏p-d-tØ°v IpSpw-_-ku-lrZw \o´p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ah-k-c-ßƒ tXSp-I.

""\nß-fpsS k -bn¬''

� hwio-b-X-tbmSp _‘-s∏´ thZ-]p-kvXI kXy-ßƒ {]kw-Kn-°p-I-bpw -]-Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xn-eqsS apgp-h≥ kaq-l-Øn\pw amXr-I-bm-bn-cn-∏m≥ k`sb {]tNm-Zn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw.

� k -bn-eq-sS-bp≈ Bcm-[-\, Iq´m-bva, ip{iq-j-Iƒ F∂nh kI-e¿°pw kw_-‘n-°m-hp-

∂-Xm-bn-cn-°Ww; ]pXnb\nba k -I-fn¬ hwiob AXn¿h-c-ºp-Iƒ C√m-bn-cp∂p (F-s^.

2:11˛12; Kem. 3:26˛29).

""ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X-Øn¬''

� sXmgn¬ taJ-e-bn¬ hwiob th¿Xn-cnhv C√m-Xm-°p-hm≥ klm-bn-°p-I.

� Xpey Ah-Im-ihpw Ah-k-c-ßfpw Dd-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\v F√m-Ø-c-Øn-ep-ap≈ kmaq-lnI kwL-

S-\-I-fn-eqsS {]h¿Øn-°pI. Hm¿Ωn-°pI, BfpI-sf-b√ B{I-an-t°-≠-Xv, hwiob {]iv\-

sØ-bmWv. ]c-kv]cw a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xns\ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cn-°Ww e£yw,

ssI∏v krjvSn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°-cp-Xv.

� _p≤n-]-c-sa-∂p- tXm-∂n-bm¬ s]mXp-P-\-Øns‚ hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-\mbpw hwiob kl-

h¿ØnXzw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p∂ {]tXyI {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°p-th≠nbpw kaq-l-Øn¬ A`n-

{]mb ka-\zbw Df-hm-°pI F∂ Dt±-iy-tØmsS Xmev]-cy-ap≈ ]uc-∑m-cpsS Hcp {]tXyI

IΩ‰n cq]o-I-cn-°p-I.

� hwiob \oXnsb t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p∂Xn\p≈ \nb-a-ßƒ ]m m-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn \nba

\n¿ΩmW k -sbbpw \nbak`m kmam-Pn-I-scbpw ]n¥p-W-bv°p-Ibpw cmjv{Sob t\´ßƒ

°p -th≠n ap≥hn-[nsb NqjWw sNøp-∂-hsc FXn¿°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.

� hnth-N\w IqSmsX \nbaw \S-∏m-°p∂ DtZym-K-ÿ-∑msc A`n-\-μn-°p-I.

� AXn-{I-asØ A]-e-]n-°p-Ibpw \nb-asØ am\n-°p-∂-Xns\ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw

sNøpI; \nba kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ hnthN\sØ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-h-cpsS Iønse D]-I-c-

W-ß-fm-bn- Xo-cm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ Hcp {InkvXob ]uc-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ km[y-am-b-sX√mw

sNøpI.

� kIe am\p-jnI _‘-ß-fnepw {InkvXp-hn-s‚- B-flmhpw a\- pw- sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

� ""ia-cy-bn¬ IqSn'' ia-cycpw sblq-Z-∑mcpw XΩn¬ _n.-kn. 8˛mw \q‰m-≠p-ap-X¬ \ne-\n-ev°p∂ ISpØ

]I-bp-≠v. _n.-kn. 722- ¬ iacy Xe-ÿm-\-am-bp≈ 10 hSs° tKm{X-ßsf A»q¿ Iog-S-°p-Ibpw P\sØ

taZy-bn-te°p ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]mIpIbpw sNbvXp (H.-t\m. 2 cmPm-. 17:6). Ah¿ Iog-S-°nb a‰v Bfp-Isf

hSs° ]e-kvXo-\nte°p am‰n ]m¿∏n®p (H.- t\m. 2 cmPm. 17:24). h¿j-ßƒ Ign-™-tXmsS Cu PmXn-Iƒ

bn{km-tb¬ P\-Øn¬ tijn-®-h-cp-ambn hnhml _‘-Øn-te¿s∏-´p. ia-cybnse k-Ωn{i PmXn-I-fpsS

aXsØ Zpcp-]-tZ-i-am-bn- mWv sblq-Z-∑m¿ Icp-Xp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. F{km 4:1˛4). CXmWv hm. 9 s‚ ]›m-

Øew.

4:5 ""kpJm¿ Fs∂mcp iacy] -W-Øn¬ bmt°m_v Xs‚ ]p{X-\mb tbmtk- n∂p sImSpØ \ne-

Øn-∂-cnsI'' (H.-t\m. Dev]. 33:18,19; tbmip. 24:32). kpJm¿ sitJ-am-sW∂v At\-I¿ Nn-¥n-°p-∂p. F¶n-

epw. ]pXnb \nbaw C°mcyw hy‡-am-°p-∂n-√.

4:6 ""AhnsS bmt°m-_ns‚ Dd-hp-≠m-bn-cp∂p'' CXv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ 100 ASn Bg-ap≈ Ipgn® InW-dm-

bn-cp-∂p. CXn¬ Dd-hp-sh-≈-a√, tiJ-cn® ag-sh-≈-am-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ CXn-s\-°p-dn®p

]cm-a¿ians√-¶nepw Cu t]cv CXns\ tKm{X-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS ]mc-º-cy-tØmSp _‘n-∏n-°p-∂p.

� ""tbip hgn \S∂p £oWn-®n v'' tbip-hns‚ am\p-jnI {]IrXw ChnsS \mw hy‡-ambn ImWp∂p

(H.t\m eqs°m. 2:52). F¶nepw Bfp-Isf kvt\ln-°m≥ Ign-bm-sX-hÆw Ah≥ Hcn-°epw £oWn-®ncp∂n√!

84

�

NASB, NKJV,J B ""At∏mƒ GI-tZiw Bdmw aWn t\c-am-bn-cp-∂p''

NRSV, TEV ""At∏mƒ GI-tZiw D®-bm-bncp-∂p''

tbml∂m≥ Xs‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ka-bw IW-°m-°p∂ coXn kw_-‘n®v hfsc

N¿®-Iƒ \S-∂n-´p-≠v. Ah≥ sblqZ ka-b-am-Wp]tbmKn-°p-∂-sX∂p Nnecpw tdma≥ ka-b-am-sW∂p

a‰p Nnecpw hmZn-°p-∂p. sblqZ kabw cmhnse 6 aWn°v (tdm-a≥ kabw D®-bv°v) Bcw- n-°p-∂p. AXn-

\m¬ tbmip InW-‰-cnsI FØn-bXv G‰hpw NqSp≈ ka-b-amb D®bv°v Bbn-cn-°-Ww.

tbml-∂m≥ 4:7˛14

7Hcp iacykv{Xo sh≈w tImcphm≥ h∂p; tbip AhtfmSp: F\n°p IpSn∏m≥ Xcptam F∂p

tNmZn®p. 8Ahs‚ injy∑m¿ `£Wkm[\ßsf sIm≈phm≥ ]´WØn¬ t]mbncp∂p.9iacykv{Xo Aht\mSp: \o sblqZ≥ Bbncns° iacy°mcnbmb Ft∂mSv IpSn∏m≥ tNmZn°p

∂Xv Fßs\ F∂p ]d™p. sblqZ∑m¿°pw iacy¿°pw XΩn¬ kº¿°an√. 10AXn\p tbip:

\o ssZhØns‚ Zm\hpw, \nt∂mSp IpSn∏m≥ tNmZn°p∂h≥ Bsc∂pw Adn™p F¶n¬, \o

Aht\mSp tNmZn°bpw Ah≥ Poh\p≈ sh≈w \n\°p XcnIbpw sNøpambncp∂p F∂p DØcw

]d™p. 11kv{Xo Aht\mSp: bPam\t\, \n\°p tImcphm≥ ]m{Xw C√t√m; InW¿ Bgap≈

XmIp∂p; 12]ns∂ Poh\p≈ sh≈w \n\°v FhnsS\n∂p? \ΩpsS ]nXmhmb bmt°m_ns\

°mƒ \o henbht\m? Ah≥ BIp∂p Cu InW¿ Rßƒ°p X∂Xv; Ah\pw Ahs‚ a°fpw

arKßfpw CXnse sh≈w IpSn®pt]m∂p F∂p ]d™p. 13tbip AhtfmSp: Cu sh≈w IpSn°p∂

h∂p F√mw ]ns∂bpw Zmln°pw. 14Rm≥ sImSp°p∂ sh≈w IpSn°p∂ht\m Hcp\mfpw Zmln°

bn√; Rm≥ sImSp°p∂ sh≈w Ah\n¬ \nXyPoh¶te°p s]mßnhcp∂ \ocpdhmbnØocpw

F∂v DØcw ]d™p.

4:7 ""Hcp iacym kv{Xo ... h∂p'' Cu Akm-[m-cW ka-bØv Zqsc-bp≈ InW-‰n¬ GI-bmbn Cu kv{Xo

sh≈w tImcp-hm≥ h∂-Xns‚ ImcWw {Kma-Øn-ep≈ Ah-fpsS kmaq-lnI ÿm\-am-bn-cp-∂p.

� ""F\n°p IpSn-∏m≥ Xcptam'' ASn-b-¥nc ÿnXn-bpsS [z\n-bp≈ kmam\y I¿Øcn Iev]\m hmN-

I-am-Wn-Xv.

4:8 sblq-Zm-a-X-Ønse Zpcp-]-tZi hn`m-K-Øn¬s]´ {`jvS-bmb Cu kv{Xobp-am-bp≈ tbip-hns‚ kzImcy

kw`m-j-W-Øn\v Cu hmIyw thZn-sbm-cp-°p-∂p.- CXp tbml-∂m≥CSbv°p tN¿Ø as‰mcp Ipdn-∏m-Wv.

4:9 ""\o sblq-Z≥ Bbn-cns° ia-cy-°m-c-Øn-bmb Ft∂mSp IpSn-∏m≥ tNmZn-°p-∂Xp Fßs\'' ia-

cy-°m¿ IpSn-°p∂ AtX ]m{X-Øn¬ \n∂pw IpSn-°p-hm≥ t]mepw sblq-Z-∑m¿°p A\p-hm-Z-an-√m-bn-cp∂p

(H.-t\m. tehy. 15). tbip c≠p kmwkvIm-cnI then-s°-´pIsf Ah-K-Wn-®p: (1) ia-cy-°m-c-Øn-tbmSp

kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv; (2) Hcp kv{XotbmSp ]c-ky-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

� ""sblq-Z-∑m¿°pw ia-cy¿°pw XΩn¬ kº¿°-an√'' ""tbml-∂ms‚ as‰mcp hni-Zo-I-cW Ipdn-

∏mbn Cu CSbv°p tN¿Ø - mKw Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fmb a*, D F∂nh-bn¬ C√, F∂m¬ P 63, 66, 75, 76, a1,A, B, C, L F∂n-h-bn-ep-≠v. UBS4 AXn\v "A'' td‰nwKv (D-d-∏m-b-Xv) \¬Ip-∂p.

4:10 ""F¶n¬'' ""hkvXp-Xbv°v hn]-co-X-ambn'' F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ c≠mw Xcw tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-

Xv. sX‰mb Hcp \nK-a-\sØ FSpØp ImWn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn sX‰mb Hcp {]kvXmh\ \S-Øp-∂p.

tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ ""Zm\w'' F∂ ]Z-Øn-s‚ -GI D]-tbm-K-am-Wn-Xv. ChnsS CXv, \nXy-

Po-hs‚ ZmXm-hmb tbip F∂ ssZhnI Zm\sØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p (H.-t\m. 3:16), tbml. 7:38˛39 epw As∏m-

kvXe {]hr-Øn-I-fnepw AXv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Ipdn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. {]hr. 2:38; 8:20; 10:45; 11:17). {InkvXp-

hnepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hnepw shfn-s∏- , A¿l-X-bn-√m-Ø-h¿° e`n-°p∂ kuP\y ssZh-Ir-]sbbmWnXp

ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.

� ""Poh-\p≈ sh≈w'' Cu ]Z-Øn\v Hcp ]gb\nba kmZriy ]›m-Ø-e-ap≠v (H.-t\m. k¶o. 36:9;

sbi. 12:3; 44:3; bn-sc. 2:13; 17:13; skJ. 14:8). tbip ""Poh-\p≈ sh≈w'' F∂ ]Zw ""Bflob PohnXw''

F∂-Xns‚ ]cym-b-am-bn- m-Wp-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv. F∂n-cp∂mepw iacymkv{Xo hnNm-cn-®Xv InW-‰nse ag-sh≈-

Øn-\p-]-Icw Dd-hp-sh-≈-sØ-°p-dn-®m-W-h≥ ]d-™-sX-∂m-Wv. tem-I-Øns‚ shfn-®amb tbip IqsS-

°qsS sX‰n-≤-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ {]tXy-I-X-bmWv (A-Xm. \nt°m-tZsamkv).

hoWp-t]mb `uanI afi-e-Øn\v kz¿§ob afi-esØ (A-Xm. tbip-hns‚ ktμ-isØ) {Kln-°m≥

85

Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

4:11 ""bP-am-\t\'' {Ko°p-]-Z-amb Ipdn-bqkv s‚ Npcp-°-cq-]-amb Iqdn BWn-Xv. _lp-am\ kqN-I-amb

kwt_m-[-\-bmtbm (k¿) ssZh-imkv{X]c-amb kqN-\bmtbm (I¿Øm-hv) ˛ hm. 1 epw tdma. 10:13 epw

ImWp∂ \ne-bn¬ tbip-hns‚ ]q¿Æ ssZh-XzsØ AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ \ne-bn¬ ˛ BImanXv. Chn-sS-bnXv

_lp-am-\I kqNI kwt_m-[-\-bm-Wv.

4:12 ""\ΩpsS ]nXm-hmb bmt°m-_n-s\-°mƒ \o hen-b-ht\m'' hymI-cWw ""A√'' F∂ DØ-c-amWp

{]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv. CXp hy‡-ambpw Hcp hntcm-[m-`mk {]kvXm-h-\-bm-Wv. ia-cymkv{Xo F{^-bo-an-eq-

sSbpw a\-s»-bn-eq-sSbpw bmt°m-_n¬ X-ß-fpsS thcp tXSn-s°m≠v Xß-fpsS hwi-Øns‚ t{ijvTX

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p. hnkva-b-I-c-amb hkvXpX, tbip Xs‚ kz¥w t{ijvT-X-bmWv Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂Xv

F∂XmWv!

Cu kw`m-jWw c≠p ssZh-imkv{X hnj-b-ßsf kv]¿in-°p-∂p.

1. {`jvS-tcm-Sp≈ ssZh-Øns‚/tbip-hns‚ kvt\lw (A-Xm. ia-cy-°m¿, kv{XoIƒ)

2. sblqZ aX-Øn-s‚bpw hwiob K¿hn-s‚bpw apI-fn¬ tbip-hns‚ Hu∂-Xyw

4:13˛14 ""Rm≥ sImSp-°p∂ sh≈w IpSn-°p∂ht\m Hcp-\mfpw Zmln-°-bn√'' CXn\v ain-sslI kqN-

\-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°m≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v (H.-t\m. sbi. 12:3; 48:21; 49:10). Cu hmNIw i‡-amb Cc´ \ntj-[-

am-Wv. {Inbm-Im-e-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ Ifn-bm-Wn-Xv. hm. 13 se h¿Ø-am-\-Ime I¿Øcn kqNIw ho≠pw

ho≠pw IpSn-°p-∂-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ, hm. 14 se kmam\y I¿Øcn A\p-_‘w H‰-Ø-hW IpSn-

°p∂Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

4:14 ""\nXy-Po-h-¶-te°p s]mßn-h-cp∂ \ocp-d-h-bm-bn-Øocpw'' ""XpS¿am-\-ambn IpXn-®p-b-cp∂p'' F∂¿∞w

(H.-t\m.- sb-i. 58:11; tbml. 7:38). acp- qan hmkn-Isf kw_-‘n®v sh≈w Poh-s‚bpw ssZhnI Icp-X-en-

s‚bpw AS-bm-f-am-Wv.

tbml-∂m≥ 4:15- 2615kv{Xo Aht\mSv: bPam\t\, F\n°p Zmln°msXbpw Rm≥ tImcphm≥ ChnsStØmfw

hcmsXbpancnt°≠Xn\v, B sh≈w F\n°p XcWw F∂p ]d™p. 16tbip AhtfmSv: t]mbn

`¿Ømhns\ hnfn®psIm≠phcnI F∂p ]d™p. 17F\n°p `¿Ømhv C√ F∂p kv{Xo Aht\mSv

DØcw ]d™Xn∂p: F\n°p `¿Ømhv C√ F∂p \o ]d™Xp icn. 18A©p `¿Øm°∑m¿

\n\°v D≠mbncp∂p; Ct∏mƒ D≈ht\m `¿Ømh√; \o ]d™Xp kXyw Xt∂ F∂p tbip

]d™p. 19kv{Xo Aht\mSv: bPam\t\, \o {]hmNI≥ F∂p Rm≥ ImWp∂p. 20RßfpsS ]nXm°

∑m¿ Cu aebn¬ \akvIcn®ph∂p; \akvIcnt°≠p∂ ÿew sbcqitean¬ BIp∂p F∂p

\nßƒ ]dbp∂p F∂p ]d™p. 21tbip AhtfmSv ]d™Xv: kv{Xotb, Fs‚ hm°p hnizkn

°; \nßƒ ]nXmhns\ \akvIcn°p∂Xv Cu aebnepw A√, sbcqiteanepw A√ F∂p≈

\mgnI hcp∂p. 22\nßƒ AdnbmØXns\ \akvIcn°p∂p; Rßtfm Adnbp∂Xns\ \akvIcn

°p∂p; c£ sblqZ∑mcpsS CSbn¬ \n∂t√m hcp∂Xv. 23kXy\akvImcnIƒ ]nXmhns\ Bflm

hnepw kXyØnepw \akvIcn°p∂ \mgnI hcp∂p; Ct∏mƒ h∂pancn°p∂p. Xs∂ \akvIcn°p

∂h¿ Cßs\bp≈h¿ Bbncnt°Ww F∂p ]nXmhv C—n°p∂p. 24ssZhw Bflmhv BIp∂p;

Ahs\ \akvIcn°p∂h¿ Bflmhnepw kXyØnepw \akvIcn°Ww. 25kv{Xo Aht\mSv: aiolm

˛ F∂ph®m¬ {InkvXp ˛ hcp∂p F∂p Rm≥ Adnbp∂p; Ah≥ hcptºmƒ kIehpw Adnbn®p

Xcpw F∂p ]d™p. 26tbip AhtfmSv: \nt∂mSp kwkmcn°p∂ Rm≥ Xt∂ aiolm F∂p

]d™p.

4:15 kv{Xo, \nt°m-tZsamkn-s\-t∏m-se, Ct∏mgpw tbip-hns\ `uXn-I-X-e-Øn¬ (B-£-cn-I-am-bn) BWv

a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xv. injy-∑m-cpsS ImcyØnepw CXv Akm-[m-c-W-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah¿ ]e-t∏mgpw Ahs‚

Be-¶m-cnI `mj Dƒs°m-≈m≥ Ign-bmsX Ahs‚ hm°p-Isf sX‰mbn hymJym-\n-®n-cp∂p (H.-t\m. tbml.

4:31; 11:11- 13).

4:16 USB4 ""tbip'' F∂ t]cv ChnsS tN¿°m-\p≈ km[y-X-t]mepw D∂-bn-°p-∂n√ (H.-t\m. NKJV,NRSV, NJB, REB). NET Bible AXv Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fpsS sXfn-hp-Iƒ \¬Ip-

∂p (t]. 1903, AXm. a*, A, C2, D, L, W; F∂m¬ P66,75, B, C F∂nh-bn¬ ImWp-∂n-√). ]mTw IqSp-X¬

hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xn\pw a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-ambn ]I¿s∏-gp-Øp-Im¿ tN¿Ø-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww.

� ""t]mbn hnfn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cnI'' CsXmcp h¿Ø-am-\-Ime Iev]-\bpw AXns\ XpS¿∂p hcp∂ kmam-

\y- I¿Øcn Iev]-\-bp-am-Wv.

86

4:17 ""F\n°p `¿Ømhp C√'' ]m]sØ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t°-≠-XmWv. tbip \nμn-°p-∂n-√, F∂m¬ Ip‰-

s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°p-∂p-an-√.

4:18 ""A©p `¿Øm-°-∑m¿ \n\°p D≠m-bn-cp∂p'' kv{Xosb `uXnI Xe-Øn¬ \n∂p-b¿Øn Bfln-I-

X-e-Øn-te-°p- sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn-\mbn tbip Aam-\p-jnI ⁄m\w D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 1:48).

4:19 ""\o Hcp {]hm-N-I≥ F∂p Rm≥ ImWp∂p'' kv{Xo CXp-h-scbpw ain-sslI ⁄m\-Øn-te°p

h∂n-√. A`n-\μ\w D]-tbm-Kn®v (\n-t°m-tZsamkn-s\-t∏m-se, 3:2) ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ _‘w F∂ apJy-hn-j-

b-Øn¬\n∂pw AI-∂p-am-dp-hm≥ Ahƒ {ian-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

a‰p hymJym-Xm-°ƒ CXv Bh. 18:15˛22 ¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp ain-sslI ]cm-a¿i-am-bn- Im-Wp-∂p.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ]g-b-\n-ba {]h-N\wI. apJhpc

A. {]mcw` {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

1. {]h-N\w Fßs\ hymJym-\n-°-Wsa-∂-Xns\ kw_-‘n®v hnizm-k-k-aq-lw sFIy-X-bp-

≈-h-c-√. CXc hnj-b-ßfn¬, \q‰m-≠p-I-fn-eqsS Hcp bmYm-ÿn-XnI \ne-]mSv F∂ \ne-

bn¬ ÿm]n-°-s∏- n- p-s≠-¶nepw CX-ß-s\-b-√.

2. ]g-b-\n-ba {]h-N-\-Øn\v icn-bmbn \n¿h-Nn-°-s∏- n- p≈ At\I L -ß-fp-≠v.

a. cmP-`-c-W-Øn\p apºv

(1) {]hm-N-I-sc∂p hnfn-°-s∏´ hy‡n-Iƒ

(a) A{_lmw ˛ Dev]. 20:7

(b) tamsi ˛ kwJy. 12:6˛8; Bh. 18:15; 34:10

(c) Al-tcm≥ ˛ ]pd. 7:1 (tam-si-bpsS h‡m-hv)

(d) ancymw ˛ ]pd. 15:20

(e) taZmZpw F¬ZmZpw ˛ kwJy. 11:24- 30

(f) sZt_mc ˛ \ymbm. 4:4

(g) t]cp kqNn-∏n-°m-Ø-bmƒ ˛ \ymbm. 6:7˛10

(h) iaq-th¬ ˛ 1 iaq. 3:20

(2) {]hm-N-I kaq-l-sØ°p-dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿iw ˛ Bh. 13:1˛5; 18:20- 22

(3) {]hm-N-I injy-∑m¿ AYhm kaqlw 1 iaq. 10:5˛13; 19:20; 1 cmPm. 20:35,41; 22:6,10˛13;

2 cmPm. 2:3,7; 4:1,38; 5:22; 6:1 BZn.

(4) ainlm {]hm-N-I-s\∂p hnfn-°-s∏´p ˛ Bh. 18:15˛18

b. Fgp-Øp-Im-c-√mØ cmP-Iob {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ (cm-Pm-hn-t\mSp ZqXp-]-d-™-h¿)

(1) KmZv ˛ 1 iaq. 22:5; 2 iaq. 14:11; 1 Zn\. 29:29

(2) \mYm≥ ˛ 2 iaq. 7:2; 12:25; 1 cmPm. 1:22

(3) Alo-bmhv ˛ 1 cmPm. 11:29

(4) tblp ˛ 1 cmPm. 16:1,7,12

(5) t]cp kqNn-∏n-°m-Ø-bmƒ ˛ 1 cmPm. 18:4,13; 20:13,22

(6) Geo-bmhv ˛ 1 cmPm. 18 ˛ cmPm. 2

(7) aoJm-bmhv ˛ 1 cmPm. 22

(8) Feoim ˛ 21 cmPm. 2:8,13

c. Fgp-Øp-Imcmb t{ijvT {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ (A-h¿ cmPm-hn-t\mSpw cmPy-tØmSpw ZqX-dn-

bn®p: sbi-ømhv ˛ aemJn (Zm-\o-tb¬ Hgn-sI)

B. thZ-]p-kvXI ]Z-ßƒ

1. tdm'tblv = ""Z¿i-I≥'' 1 iap. 9:9. Cu thZ- m-KØp Xs∂ {]hm-N-I≥ \-_n F∂ ]Z-Øn-

te-°p≈ am‰w kqNn-∏n-®n- p-≠v. tdm'tblv F∂Xv ""ImWpI'' F∂ s]mXp-hmb hm°n¬

\n∂pw h∂-Xm-Wv. Cu hy‡n ssZh-Øns‚ hgn-I-sfbpw ]≤-Xn-I-sfbpw a\- n-em-°p-∂-

h-\m-I-bm¬, Hcp hnj-b-Øn¬ ssZh-lnXw Adn-bp-∂-Xn-\mbn At±-lsØ kao-]n-°m-dp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

2. tlmtklv = ""Z¿i-I≥'' 2 iaq. 24:11. CXv ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn tdm'tblv s‚ ]cym-b-am--Wv.

""ImWpI'' F∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp A]q¿Δ ]Z-Øn¬ \n∂m-Wp-¤-hw. ]q¿Æ {Inbm-cq]w {]hm-

87

N-Is\ kqNn-∏n-°m≥ [mcm-f-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp≠v (A-Xm. ""ImWpI'-')

3. \_n = ""{]hm-N-I≥'' At°-Un-b≥ {Inbm-]Zw \_p = ""hnfn-°pI''; Ad_n ]Zw \_m =

""{]Jym-]n-°pI'' F∂n-h-bpsS hI-t`-Zw. {]hm-N-Is\ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈ G‰-hpw km[mcW ]Z-am-Wn-Xv. 300 {]mhiyw CXp-]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. IrXy-

amb hyp¬∏Øn A⁄m-X-am-Wv. F¶nepw ""hnfn-°pI'' F∂Xm-bn-cn°pw G‰hpw A\p-

tbm-Pyw. CXp kw_-‘n®v G‰hpw anI® Adn-hv, tamsi°v Al-tcm≥ apJm-¥cw ^d-

thm-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ btlm-h-bpsS hnh-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂mWp e`n-°p-∂Xv

(H.-t\m. ]pd. 4:10˛16; 7:1; Bh. 5:5). ssZh-Øn-\p-th≠n Ahs‚ P\-tØmSp kwkm-cn-°p∂

hy‡n-bmWv {]hm-N-I≥ (B-tam. 3:8; bnsc. 1:7,17; sbsl. 3:4).

4. 1 Zn\. 29:29 ¬ Cu aq∂p ]Z-ßfpw {]hm-N-I∑m¿°p th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p; iaqth¬

˛ "tdm'tbl v; \mYm≥ ˛ \_n; KmZv ˛ tlmtk-lv.

5. "Civlm- -"G-temlow ""ssZh-]p-cp-j≥'' F∂ {]tbmKw ssZh-Øn\pth≠n kwkm-cn-°p-∂-

h≥ F∂b¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ""{]hm-N-I≥'' F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ 76 {]mhiyw

]g-b-\n-b-Øn¬ CXp-]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v.

6. t{]m^‰v F∂ Cw•ojv ]Zw {Ko°n¬\n∂pw h∂-Xm-Wv. (1) t{]m = apºv AYhm th≠n; (2)

sân = kwkm-cn-°pI F∂o ]Z-ß-fpsS kwbp-‡-am-Wn-Xv.

II. {]hN-\-Øns‚ \n¿h-N\w

A. ""{]h-N\w'' F∂ ]Z-Øn\v ae-bm-f-Øn-ep-≈-Xn-s\-°mƒ hnim-e-amb A¿∞-Xew F{_mb

`mj-bn-ep-≠v. tbmip-h- apX¬ cmPm-°-∑m¿ hsc-bp≈ (cqØv Hgn-sI) Ncn{X ]pkvX-I-ßsf

""ap≥Ime {]hm-N-I-∑m¿'' F∂v sblq-Z-∑m¿ hnfn-°p-∂p. A{_m-lmapw (D-ev]. 20:7; k¶o.

105:5) tamsibpw (B-h. 18:18) {]hm-N-I-∑m-cmbn KWn-°-s∏- n-cp∂p (an-cym-apw, ]pd. 15:20).

B. ""ssZhnI Icp-X¬, ssZhnI Dt±-iyw, ssZhnI ]¶m-fnØw F∂ \ne-I-fn-ep≈ A¿∞w am{Xw

AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ncn-{XsØ a\- n-em-°p-∂-XmWv {]h-N\w F∂v \ymb-ambn \n¿h-Nn-°m-

hp-∂-Xm-Wv.'' Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible, Vol. 3, P. 896C. ""{]hm-N-I≥ Hcp XXz-Nn-¥-It\m, hyh-ÿnX ssZh-im-kv{X-⁄t\m A√, adn®v ssZh-P-\-

Øns‚ h¿Ø-am\ ImesØ \ho-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ah-cpsS `mhn cq]-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂ Dt±-iy-

tØmsS Ah¿°p ssZh-Øns‚ hN\w \¬Ip-∂-h-\m-Wv. ""{]hm-N-I-∑mcpw {]h-N-\hpw'' En-cyclopedia Judaica, Vol. 13, p. 1152.

III. {]hN\-Øns‚ Dt±iyw

A. Xs‚ P\-Øn\v Ah-cpsS h¿Ø-am-\-Ime ÿnXn-bn¬ am¿§-\n¿t±-ihpw Ah-cpsS PohnXØn-

t∑epw temI-kw-`-h-ß-fpsStaep-ap≈ Ahs‚ \nb-{¥-W-Øn-ep≈ {]Xym-ibpw {]Zm\w

sNbvXp-sIm≠v ssZhw Xs‚ P\-tØmSp kwkm-cn-°p∂ Hcp hgn-bmWv {]h-N-\w. Ah-cpsS

ktμiw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn GIo- q-X-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXv imkn-°phm\pw ss[cy-s∏-Sp-Øphm\pw

hnizm-khpw am\-km-¥-chpw Df-hm-°p-hm\pw Dt±-in-®p-≈Xpw Xs∂bpw Xs‚ ]≤Xn-I-sfbpw

Ipdn®v ssZh-P-\sØ Adn-bn-°m-\p-t±-in-®p-≈Xpw Bbn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ ssZh-P-\sØ ssZhnI

DS-º-Sn-I-tfm-Sp≈ hniz-kvX-X-bn¬ Dd-∏n®p\n¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p. CXp ]e-t∏mgpw Xs‚ h‡m-hns‚

Xnc-s™-Sp∏p kw_-‘n®v hy‡-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂p F∂ hkvXp-Xbpw

ChnsS ]d-tb-≠n-bncn-°p∂p (B-h. 13:1-˛3; 18:20˛22). CXv BXy-¥n-I-ambn ain-lm-sb-°p-dn-

®p≈ ]cm-a¿i-am-Wv.

B. {]hm-N-I≥ ]e-t∏mgpw Xs‚- Im-eL -Ønse Hcp Ncn{X]ctam ssZh-im-kv{X-]-ctam Bb

{]Xn-k‘n FSpØv AXns\ A¥y-Imekw_-‘n-bmb ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.

Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Cu A¥y-Ime ho£Ww, bn{km-tb-enepw ssZhnI Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw DS-ºSn

hmKvZm\-ßfpw kw_-‘n-®p≈ AXns‚ t_m[y-Ønepw AXp-ey-am-Wv.

C. {]hm-NI ZuXyw, ssZh-lnXw Adn-bm-\p≈ am¿§-sa∂ \nebn¬ alm-]p-tcm-lnX ip{iq-jsb

k¥p-en-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw (bn-sc. 18:18) AXn-t∑¬ ta[m-hnXzw ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xmbn

tXm∂pw. Dudoapw XpΩoapw amdn X¬ÿm-\Øv ssZh-Øns‚ h‡m-hn¬ \n∂p≈ hmsamgn

ZqXv IS-∂p-h-∂p. {]hm-NI ip{iq-jbpw aem-Jn°ptijw bn{km-tb-en¬ \n∂pw C√m-Xm-bn.

400 h¿j-ßƒ°p tijw tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I-\n-emWv ]n∂o-SXv ho≠pw {]Xy-£-s∏-´-Xv.

]pXnb \nba hc-amb ""{]h-N\w'' Fßs\ ]g-b-\n-b-a-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xp

hy‡-a-√. ]pXnb\nb-a -{]-hm-N-I-∑m¿ ({]-hr. 11:27˛28; 13:1; 14:29,32,37; 15:32; 1 sImcn. 12:10, 28˛29;

Fs^. 4:11) ]pXnb shfn-∏mtSm Xncp-sh-gptØm \¬Ip-∂-h-c-√, adn®v DS-º-Sn-bpsS hnizm-k-

Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ lnXw ap≥Iqń Adn-bn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv.

88

D. {]hN\w {]mY-an-I-amtbm As√-¶n¬ apgp-h-\mtbm ap≥Iq´n ]d-bp-∂Xv A√. {]hm-NIs‚

ip{iq-j-sbbpw ktμ-i-sØbpw Dd-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp am¿§-amWv ap≥Iq´n {]kvXm-hn-°p-

∂Xv. F¶nepw, ""]gb \nba {]h-N-\-ß-fn¬ 2 iX-am-\-Øn¬ Xmsg am{Xsa ain-sslI {]h-

N-\-ap-≈p. 5 iX-am-\-Øn¬ Xmsg {]h-N-\-ßƒ am{Xsa hy‡-ambn ]pXn-b-\n-ba bpKsØ

°pdn®p {]h-Nn-°p-∂p-≈q. 1%¬ Xmsg-bp-≈h am{Xsa C\nbpw kw -hn-°m-\n-cn-°p-∂-h-sb-°p-

dn-®p-≈q. (Fee and Stuart, How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth, p. 166).E. {]hmN-I-∑m¿ P\Øn\p apºn¬ ssZhsØ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p, ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cm-Is´ ssZh-

Øns‚ apºn¬ P\sØ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p. CsXmcp s]mXp-hmb {]kvXm-h-\-bm-Wv. ssZh-

tØmSp tNmZyw tNmZn-°p∂ l_-°p°n-s\-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿ CXn¬ \n∂pw hyXykvXcmWv.

F. {]hm-N-I-∑msc a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ _p≤n-ap- ns‚ Hcp Imc-Ww, Ah-cpsS ]pkvX-I-ßƒ Fßs\

cq]-I-ev]\ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p F∂p \ap-°-dn-hn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. Ah hnjb kw_-‘n-bm-sW-

¶nepw F√m-bvt∏mgpw Hcp-h≥ {]Xo-£n-°p∂ coXn-bn-e√ AXv. ]e-t∏mgpw hy‡-amb Ncn{X

]›m-Ø-e-tam, Ime-L- -tam, ZqXp-Iƒ XΩn¬ hy‡-amb hn -P-\tam C√m-bn-cn-°pw. Cu ]pkvX-

I-ßƒ: (1) H‰-bn-cn-∏n¬ hmbn°m\pw; (2) hnj-b-a-\p-k-cn®v cq]-tc-J-bp-≠m-°m\pw; (3) Hmtcm

ZqXn-sebpw tI{μkXyw As√-¶n¬ Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ Dt±iyw \n›-bn-°m\pw {]bm-k-ap-≈-

Xm-Wv.

IV. {]h-N-\-Øns‚ khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ

A. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ ""{]hm-N-I≥,'' ""{]h-N\w'' F∂o k¶¬∏-ß-fn¬ Hcp hnImkw Zriy-am-Wv.

BZy-Ime bn{km-tb-en¬, Geo-bmhv As√-¶n¬ Feo-i-sb-t∏msebp≈ i‡-amb Bflob

t\Xm-hn-\m¬ \bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS Iq´m-bva-Iƒ DS-se-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. ""{]hm-NI injy-

∑m¿'' F∂ {]tbmKw Cu kaq-lsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Nne-t∏m-sgms° D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂p (2

cmPm. 2). l¿tjm-∑m-Z-Øns‚ hnhn[ cq]-ßƒ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS khn-ti-j-X-I-fm-bn-cp∂p (1

iap. 10:10˛13; 19:18˛24).

B. F∂ncp-∂mepw Cu Ime-L´w AXn-thKw hy‡n {]hm-N-I-∑m¿°p hgn-am-dn. cmPm-hn-t\m-sSm∏w

k©-cn-°pIbpw sIm´m-c-Øn¬ ]m¿°p-Ibpw sNbvX (Km-Zv, \mYm≥) {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ (I≈-{]-

hm-N-I-∑mcpw kXy-{]-hm-N-I-∑m-cpw) D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. H∏w Xs∂ XnI®pw kzX-{¥-cpw, bn{km-tb-

¬ kaq-l-Ønse D∂Xt{iWn-bp-ambn ]q¿Æ-ambpw AI-∂p-\n¬°p-∂-h-cp-amb {]hm-N-I-∑mcpw

D≠m-bn-cp∂p (B-tam-kv). Ah-cn¬ ]pcp-j-∑mcpw kv{XoIfpw D≠m-bn-cp∂p (2 cmPm. 22:14).

C. a\p-jys‚ kXzc {]Xn-I-c-W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ {]hm-N-I≥ ]e-t∏mgpw `mhn shfn-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂h≥ BIm-dp-≠v. am\p-jnI {]Xn-I-c-W-Øm¬ am‰w kw -hn-°mØ Xs‚ krjvSn-sb-

°p-dn-®p≈ ssZh-Øns‚ km¿Δ-eu-InI ]≤Xn Npcpƒ \nh¿Øp-I-bmWv ]e-t∏mgpw {]hm-N-

Is‚ ZuXyw. Cu km¿Δ-eu-InI A¥y-Imekw_-‘n-bmb ]≤Xn ]pcm-X\ kao-]-]q¿Δ

tZi-ß-fnse {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ AXp-ey-am-bn-cp∂p. ap∂-dnbn°epw DS-º-Sn-tbm-Sp≈

hniz-kvX-Xbpw {]hm-NI ktμ-i-Øns‚ c≠p Xe-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p (H.-t\m. Fee and Stuart, p.150). CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS {i≤mtI{μw H∂pXs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv.

Ah¿ km[m-c-W-bmbn ˛ F∂m¬ AXp am{X-a√ ˛ cmjv{S-sØ-bmWv A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXn-

cp-∂-Xv.

D. {]hmNI hkvXp-X-I-fn-e-[n-Ihpw hmsam-gn-bn-em-bn-´mWp Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Ah ]n¬°m-

eØv hnjbw, Ime-{Iaw, As√-¶n¬ kao-] -]u-ckvXy kmln-Xy-Ønse CXc amXr-I-Iƒ

F∂n-h-bv°-\p-k-cn®v t{ImUo-I-cn-°-s∏- p. Ah hmsam-gn-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xn\m¬ Fgp-X-s∏´ KZyw

t]mse-bp≈ LS\ Ah-bv°n-√. CXv ]pkvXIw t\sc hmbn-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn\v _p≤n-ap´p krjvSn-

°p-Ibpw hy‡-amb Ncn{X]›m-Ø-e-an-√m-Øn-\m¬ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\p _p≤n-ap´p krjvSn-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

E. Xß-fpsS ktμiw hn\n-abw sNøp-∂-Xn-\mbn At\I coXn-Iƒ {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂p.

1. tImSXn cwKw ˛ ssZhw Xs‚ P\sØ tImS-Xn-bn-te°p sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂p. ]e-t∏mgpw

AXv btlmh Xs‚ `mcysb (bn-{km-tb¬) Ah-cpsS Ahn-iz-kvXX\nanØw Dt]-£n-

°p∂ hnhm-l-tam-N\ tIkmWv ((-tlm-tib 4; aoJm 6).

2. Nc-a-KoXw ˛ Cu Xc-Øn-ep≈ ktμ-i-Øn¬ {]tXyI hrØhpw AXns‚ khn-ti-jamb

""Atøm IjvSw'' F∂Xpw AXns\ Hcp {]tXyI kmln-Xy-cq-]-am°n \n¿Øp∂p (sb-i.

5; l_. 2).

3. DS-ºSn A\p-{Kl {]Jym-]\w ˛ DS-º-Sn-bpsS tkm]m-[nI kz`mhw Du∂n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw A\-

89

¥-c- ew ˛ KpW-I-chpw tZmj-I-chpw ˛ `mhn-°p-th≠n {]kvXm-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (B-

h. 27˛28).

V. {]hN\ hymJym-\-Øn\p klm-b-I-c-amb am¿§-\n¿t±-i-ßƒ

A. Hmtcm ZqXn-s‚bpw Ncn-{X-]-›m-Ø-ehpw kmlnXy kμ¿`hpw a\- n-em°n {]hm-N-Is‚ Dt±iyw

Is≠-Øp-I. km[m-c-W-bmbn AXn¬ bn{km-tb¬ GsX-¶nepw \ne-bn¬ tamssiI \ymb-{]-

amWw ewLn-°p∂ hnjbw Dƒs°m-≠n-cn-°pw.

B. Hcp `mKw am{X-am-bn- -√msX apgp-h≥ ZqXpw hmbn®v hymJym-\n-°p-I. D≈-S-°-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v

cq]-tcJ Xøm-dm-°p-I. AXn-\p- Np-‰p-ap≈ ZqXp-I-tfmSv AXv Fßs\ _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p

t\m°p-I. apgp {KŸ-Øn-s‚bpw cq]-tcJ Xøm-dm-°m≥ {ian-°p-I.

C. thZ`m-K-Ønse Hcp Imcyw Be-¶m-cnI {]tbm-K-Øns‚ km[y-X-bn-te°p \nß-fpsS {i≤sb

Xncn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc B£-cnI hymJym\w D]-tbm-Kn-°pI; XpS¿∂v Be-¶m-cnI `mjsb KZy-

Øn-em-°p-I.

D. {]XoImflI {]hr-Ønsb Ncn{X ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-s‚bpw kam-¥c thZ- m-K-ß-fp-sSbpw shfn-

®-Øn¬ A]-{K-Yn-°p-I. Cu ]pcm-X\ ]uckvXy kmlnXyw ]m›m-Xytam B[p-\n-Itam Bb

kmln-Xy-a√ F∂ Imcyw Dd-∏mbpw Hm¿Ωn-°p-I.

E. ap≥Iq´n {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-hsb Icp-X-temsS kao-]n-°p-I.

1. Ah Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ Ime-L- -tØ°p am{X-ap-≈-XmtWm?

2. Ah ]n∂oSv bn{km-tb¬ Ncn-{X-Øn¬ \nd-th-dntbm?

3. Ah C\nbpw kw`hn°m\n-cn-°p-∂-h-bmtWm?

4. Ahbv°v ka-Im-enI \nhr-Ønbpw `mhn-Ime \nhr-Øn-bp-apt≠m?

5. B[p-\nI Fgp-Øp-Im-c-√, ss__n-fnse Fgp-Øp-Im-cm-bn-cn-°Ww \nß-fpsS DØ-c-ßƒ°p

≈ hgn-Im- n-Iƒ.

F. {]tXyI hnj-b-ßƒ

1. {]h-N\w hyh-ÿm-]nX {]Xn-I-c-W-Øm¬ tbmKyX t\Sn-b-XmtWm?

2. Btcm-SmWv {]h-Nn-®Xv (F-¥p-sIm≠v?) F∂ Imcyw Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ign-bptam?

3. thZ-]p-kvX-I-]-chpw/As√-¶n¬ Ncn-{X-]-c-hp-amb _lp-\n-hr-Øn-Iƒ°v km[y-X-bp-t≠m?

4. ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b-cmb ]pXnb\nba Fgp-Øp-Im¿°v \ap°p hy‡-a-√mØ ]e ]gb\nb-

a- `m-K-ß-fnepw ain-lmsb ImWm≥ km[n-®n- p-≠v. Ah \ngepw s]mcpfpw As√-¶n¬ ]Z-

hn-\ymkw (hm-°p-Iƒ sIm≠p≈ Ifn) D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂p. \mw ssZh-\n-izm-

ko-b-c-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ CØcw kao-]\w Ah¿°p Xs∂ hnt´°pIbmWp \√-Xv.

VI. klm-bI {KŸ-ßƒ

A. A Guide to Biblical Prophecy by Carl E. Amending and W. Ward BasqueB. How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth by Gordon Fee and Douglas StuartC. My Servants the Prophets by Edward J. YoungD. Plowshares and Pruning Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical Prophecy and

Apocalyptic by D. Brent SandyE. New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and Exegesis, vol. 4,

pp. 1067-1078

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ]pXnb \nba {]h-N\wI. CXv ]gb \nba {]h-N-\-Øn\p kam-\-a√ (BDB 611). ]g-b-\n-ba {]h-N-\-Øn¬ btlm-h-bn¬

\n∂p≈ ssZh-\n-izmkob shfn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ°v d∫n-am-cpsS `mjyw-IqSn AS-ßn-bn-cp-∂p ({]-hr. 3:18,21;

tdma. 16:26). {]hm-N-I-∑m¿°p am{Xta Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ Fgp-Xm≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂p-≈q.

A. tamsisb {]hm-N-I≥ F∂p hnfn-®n-cp∂p (H.-t\m. Bh. 18:15˛21)

B. Ncn{X ]pkvX-I-ßsf (tbm-ip-h ˛ cmPm-°-∑m¿ ˛ [cqØv Hgn-sI]) ""ap≥Ime {]hm-N-I-∑m¿''

F∂p hnfn-®n-cp∂p (H.-t\m. {]hr. 3:24).

C. ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hnh-c-ß-fpsS Dd-hn-S-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ alm-]p-tcm-lnX ZuXy-

Øn-t∑¬ IS-∂p-I-b‰w \S-Øn-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. sbi˛aem-Jn)

D. F{_mb Imt\ms‚ c≠m-asØ hn`mKw ""{]hm-N-I-∑m¿'' Bbn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 5:17; 22:40;

eqs°m. 16:16; 24:25,27; tdma. 3:21).

90

II. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ {]hm-NI k¶ev]w \nc-h[n hyXy-kvX-\n-e-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

A. ]gb \nba {]hm-N-I-∑m-scbpw Ah-cpsS ssZh-\n-izm-kob ktμ-i-sØbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥

(H.-t\m. aØm. 2:23; 5:12; 11:13; 13:14; tdma. 1:2).

B. Hcp kaq-l-tØm-sS-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw Hcp hy‡n-tbm-Sp≈ ZqXns\ ]cm-a¿in-°p∂p (A-Xm. ]g-b-

\n-ba {]hmN-I-∑m¿ {]mY-an-I-ambn bn{km-tb-en-t\m-SmWp kwkm-cn-®-Xv).

C. ssZh-cmPyw {]kw-Kn® (H.-t\m. aØm. 13:57; 21:11,46; eqs°m. 4:24; 7:16; 13:33) tbip-hn-s\bpw

tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I-s\bpw ]cm-a¿in-°p∂p (H-Øp. aØm. 11:9; 14:5; 21:26; eqs°m. 1:76).

tbip Xm≥ Xs∂ {]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-°mƒ hen-b-h-s\-∂-h-Im-i-s∏´p (H.-t\m. aØm-bn. 11:9; 12:41;

eqs°m. 7:26).

D. ]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse a‰p {]hm-N-I-∑m¿

1. tbip-hns‚ _mey-Imew eqs°m-kns‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXm-

bXv adn-b-bpsS kvac-W-Iƒ.

a. Feo-i-t_Øv (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 1:41- 42).

b. skJ-cymhv (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 1:67˛79).

c. intaym≥ (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 2:25˛35).

d. l∂ (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 2:25˛35).

2. hntcm-[m- mk Zo¿L-Z¿i\w (H.t\m. Iø- m-hv, tbml. 11:51).

E. kphn-tijw {]Jym-]n-°p-∂-hs\ ]cm-a¿in-°p∂p ({]-kw-K-h-c-ß-fpsS ]ńI 1 sImcn. 12:28˛29;

Fs^. 4:11 ¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p).

F. k -bn¬ XpS-¿∂phcp∂ Hcp hcsØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 23:34; {]hr. 13:1; 15:32;

tdma. 12:6; 1sImcn. 12:10, 28- 29; 13:2; Fs -. 4:11). Nne-t∏mƒ CXp kv{XoI-sf-°p-dn-®p-amImw (H.-

t\m. eqs°m. 2:36; {]hr. 2:17; 21:9; 1 sImcn. 11:4˛5).

G. {]h-N-\-{K-Ÿ-amb shfn-∏mSp ]pkvX-IsØ ]cm-a¿in-°p∂p (H.-t\m. shfn. 1:3; 22:7,10,18,19).

III. ]pXnb \nba {]hm-N-I≥

A. ]gb \nb-a-{]-hmN-I-∑m¿ \¬Inb AtX A¿∞-Øn¬ Ah¿ ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b shfn-∏mSv

(Xn-cp-sh-gp-Øv) \¬Ip-∂n-√. {]hr. 6:7; 13:8; 14:22; Kem. 1:23; 3:23; 6:10; ^nen. 1:27; bqZm 3,20

F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ ""hnizmkw'' (A-Xm. ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´ kphn-tijw F∂-b¿∞-Øn¬) F∂

]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Cu {]kvXm-h\ km[y-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

bqZm 3 ¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ ]q¿Æ-{]-tbm-K-Øn¬ \n∂pw Cu Bibw hy‡-amWv:

""hnip-≤-∑m¿°v Hcn-°-embn `c-taev]n-®n-cn-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn\pth≠n.'' ""Hcn-°-embn'' F∂Xv

{InkvXym-\n-Xz-Øns‚ kXy-ßƒ, D]-tZ-i-ßƒ, Bi-b-ßƒ, temI- -ho-£W ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ

F∂n-hsb ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. Hcn-°-embn `c-taev]n-°-s∏´ F∂ Du∂¬, ]pXnb \nba Fgp-

Øp-I-fpsS ssZh\n-izm-ko-b-Xsb ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw ]n∂o-Sp-

≠m-Ip∂ AYhm CXc Fgp-Øp-Isf shfn-∏mSmbn ]cn-K-Wn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ thZ-]p-

kvXI ASn-ÿm-\-am-Wv. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ Zp¿{K-lhpw hy‡-a-√m-ØXpw aßn-b-Xp-amb

At\I taJ-e-I-fp-≠v. F¶nepw hnizm-k-Øn\pw Pohn-X-Øn\pw ""aXn-bmb'' sX√mw aXn-bmb

hy‡-X-tbmsS e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v hnizm-kn-Iƒ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Dd-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu Bibw

""shfn-∏mSv {XntImWw'' F∂ t]cn¬ kmwio-I-cn-®n- p-≠v.

1. ka-b- -ÿe Ncn-{X-Øn¬ ssZhw Xs∂-Øs∂ shfn-s∏-SpØn (sh-fn-∏m-Sv)

2. Xs‚ {]hr-Øn-Isf tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm\pw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm\pw Ah≥ Nne am\p-jnI Fgp-

Øp-Imsc Xnc-s™-SpØp (ssZ-h-\n-izm-ko-b-X)

3. Cu Fgp-Øp-Isf G‰hpw IrXy-X-bm¿∂ \ne-bn-e-√, F∂m¬ c£-bv°pw - -e-{]-Z-amb

{InkvXob Pohn-X-Øn\pw aXn-bmb \ne-bn¬ {Kln-°p-∂-Xn\pth≠n a\p-jys‚ a\- p-I-

sfbpw lrZ-b-ß-sfbpw Xpd-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Ah≥ Xs‚ Bflm-hns\ \¬In ({]Imi-\w).

CXn-\¿∞w ssZh-\n-izm-ko-bX Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fpsS cN-bn-Xm-°-fn¬ ]cn-an-X-s∏-ń-cn-°p-

∂p F∂m-Wv. AXn-ep-]-cn-bmb B[n-Im-cnI cN-\-Itfm Z¿i-\-ßtfm shfn-∏m-Sp-Itfm C√.

Imt\m≥ AS-bv°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. ssZh-tØmSp icn-bmb \ne-bn¬ {]Xn-I-cn-°m-\m-h-iy-

amb apgp-h≥ kXyhpw \ap°p e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Bflm¿∞-X-bp-≈-hcpw `‡-cp-amb hnizm-

kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \ne-\n¬°p∂ tN¿®-bn-√m-bvabv°p hn]-co-X-ambn thZ-]p-kvXI Fgp-Øp-

Im¿ XΩn-ep≈ sFIy-X-bn¬ Cu kXyw \∂mbn ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Xncp-sh-gp-Øns‚

Fgp-Øp-Im¿°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ssZhnI t\Xr-Xz-Øns‚ \ne-hmcw Hcp B[p-\nI Fgp-Øp-

Im-ct\m {]kw-K-It\m C√.

91

B. Nne Imcy-ß-fn¬ ]pXnb \nba {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ ]g-b-\n-b-a-{]-hm-N-I-∑m¿°p Xpey-am-Wv.

1. `mhn kw -h-ß-fpsS {]h-N\w (H.-t\m. ]usem-kv, {]hr. 27:22; AKs_m-kv, {]hr. 11:27˛28;

21:10- 11; t]-cp- ]-d-bmØ a‰p- {]hm-N-I-∑m¿, {]hr. 20:33).

2. \ymb-hn[n {]Jym-]\w (H.-t\m. ]usem-kv, {]hr. 13:11; 28:25 -28).

3. Hcp kw -hsØ Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ {]Xo-Im-flI {]hrØn (H.-t\m. AK-

t_m-kv, {]hr. 21:11).

C. Ah¿ Nne ka-b-ß-fn¬ kphn-tij ktμiw {]h-N-\-cq-t]W {]Jym-]n-°p∂p (H.-t\m.- {]hr.

11:27˛28; 20:23; 21:10- 11). F¶nepw CX√ {]mY-anI {i≤m-tI{μw. 1 sImcn¥ycnse {]h-N\w ASn-

ÿm-\-]-c-ambn kphn-tijw Adn-bn-°-emWv (H.-t\m. 14:24,39).

D. Hmtcm ]pXnb kml-N-cy-Ønepw kwkvIm-c-Ønepw As√-¶n¬ Ime-L- -Ønepw ssZhn-I -k-

Xy-Øns‚ ka-Im-en-Ihpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb hi-ßƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Bflm-hns‚

B\p-Im-en-I -am¿§-ß-fmWv Ah¿ (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 14:3).

E. ]usemkv ÿm]n® Bcw- -Ime k -I-fn¬ Ah¿ kPo-h-am-bn-cp∂p (1 sImcn. 11:4˛5; 12:28,29;

13:29; 14:1,3,4,5,6,22,24,29,31,32,37,39; Fs^. 2:20; 3:5; 4:11; 1 sX . 5:20). knUmt° bn¬ (H∂mw

\q‰m-≠ns‚ A¥y-Øntem c≠mw \q‰m-≠ntem Fgp-X-s∏- -h, XobXn \n›-b-an-√) Ah-sc-°p-

dn®p ]cm-a¿i-ap-≠v. DØ-cm-{^n-°-bn¬ c≠v, aq∂v \q‰m-≠p-I-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ sam≠m-\n-k-

Ønepw Ahsc ImWmw.

IV. ]pXnb\nba hc-ßƒ \n∂p-t]mtbm?

A. DØcw ]d-bm≥ _p≤n-ap- p≈ tNmZy-am-Wn-Xv. hc-ß-fpsS Dt±iyw \n¿h-Nn-°p-∂Xv Cu {]iv\w

]cn-l-cn-°m≥ klm-bn-°pw. kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ {]mcw` {]kw-KsØ Dd-∏n-°m-\p-t±-in-®p-≈-

XmtWm AXp AtXm k`bv°v k -bv°p-≈-Xnepw \jvS-s∏´ temI-Ønepw ip{iqj sNøp-∂-

Xn-\p≈ XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ am¿§-ß-fn-sem-∂mtWm Ah?

B. tNmZy-Øn-\p-Øcw \¬Im≥ Hcp-h≥ k`m-N-cn-{X-Øn-te°p t\mt°-Wtam AtXm ]pXnb\nb-

a-Øn¬ t\m°-Wtam? Bflo-b-h-c-ßƒ Xm¬°m-en-I-am-sW∂ bmsXmcp kqN-\bpw ]pXnb

\nb-a-Øn-en-√. Cu hnj-bsØ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ 1 sImcn. 13:8- 13 D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h¿ kvt\l-

sam-gnsI kI-ehpw \oßn-t∏mIpsa∂ thZ- m-KØp≈ Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ Dt±-iysØ hnI-e-am-

°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv.

C. k`m Ncn-{X-a-√, ]pXnb\nb-a-amWv B[n-Im-cn-I-sa-∂-Xn-\m¬ hc-ßƒ XpS-cp∂p F∂ Imcy-

Øn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Dd-∏p-≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂p ]d-bm-\mWv Rm≥ ]co-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F∂n-

cp-∂mepw kwkvImcw hymJym-\sØ kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p F∂p Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. hfsc hy‡-

amb Nne thZ- m-K-ßƒ Ct∏mƒ {]k-‡-a-√m-Xm-bn- p≠v (A-Xm. hnip≤ Npw_-\w, kv{XoIƒ

aqSp-]Sw [cn-°p-∂-Xv, `h\ k -Iƒ BZn-bm-bh). kwkvImcw thZ- m-KsØ kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p-

s≠-¶n¬, k`m-N-cn-{X-Øn\v F¥p-sIm-≠m-bn-°qSm?

D. IrXy-ambn DØcw \¬Im-\m-hmØ Hcp tNmZy-am-Wn-Xv. Nne¿ hnizmknIƒ ""\n∂p-t]mbn''

F∂p hmZn-°p-tºmƒ a‰p-≈-h¿ ""\n∂p-t]m-bn- n√'' F∂p hmZn-°p-∂p. Cu taJ-e-bn¬, At\I

hymJym\ hnj-b-ß-fn-se-∂-t]m-se, hnizm-kn-bpsS lrZ-b-amWp Xmt°m¬. ]pXnb \nbaw

Zzbm¿∞-ap-≈Xpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-am-Wv. GXp `mK-amWv kwkvImc/Ncn-{X-Øm¬ kzm[o-\n-

°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw GXp `mK-amWv F√m-°m-e-tØ°pw F√m kwkvIm-c-ßƒ°pw A\p-tbmPyw

F∂p Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂-XmWv _p≤n-ap- v. (H.-t\m. Fee and Stuart, How to Read the Bible For AllIts Worth, pp. 14-19; 69-77). Chn-sS-bmWv tdma¿ 14:1˛15:13; 1 sImcn. 8˛10 F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ N¿®-

sN-ø-s∏-Sp∂ kzmX-{¥yhpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øhpw \n¿Æm-b-I-am-Ip-∂-Xv. \msa-ßs\ tNmZy-Øn-

\p-Øcw \¬Ip-∂p-sh-∂-Xv c≠p hn[-Øn¬ {]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p-∂p.

1. Hmtcm hnizm-knbpw X\n°p e`n® shfn-®-Øn-\-\p-k-c-W-ambn hnizm-k-Øn¬ \S-t°-Ww.

ssZhw \ΩpsS lrZ-b-sØbpw t{]c-W-I-sfbpw t\m°p-∂p.

2. Hmtcm hnizm-knbpw a‰p hnizm-kn-Isf Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-Øns‚ Af-h-\p-k-cn®p \S-°m-\-

\p-h-Zn-°-Ww. thZ-]p-kvXI AXn¿Øn-°p-≈n¬ kln-jvWpX ]men-t°-Ww. ssZhw \sΩ

kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \mw At\ym\yw kvt\ln-°p-hm≥ Ah-\m-{K-ln-°p-∂p.

E. Npcp°-Øn¬, {InkvXym-\n-Xz-sa-∂Xv hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw kvt\l-Øn-s‚bpw Pohn-X-am-Wv.

]q¿W-X-bp≈ ssZhimkv{X-a-√, a‰p-≈-h-tcmSp≈ \ΩpsS _‘sØ kzm[o-\n-°p∂ Xc-Øn¬

Ah-\p-am-bp≈ Hcp _‘w, IrXy-amb hnh-c-ß-sf-°mfpw D]-tZi ]q¿W-X-sb-°mfpw IqSp-

X¬ {]m[m-\y-ap-≈-Xm-Wv.

92

4:20 ""Rß-fpsS ]nXm-°-∑m¿'' CXv A{_-lm-an-s\bpw bmt°m-_n-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m.- D-ev].

12:7; 33:20). DS-º-Sn-bn¬ Dƒs∏- -hƒ F∂ Xs‚ t_m[yw Ahƒ hy‡-am-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 8:31˛59).

� ""Cu ae-bn¬ \a-kvIcn-®p-h∂p'' FhnsS ssZhsØ (b-tlm-h) Bcm-[n-°-W-sa∂ ssZh-imkv{X

hmZ-sØ-bm-Wn-hnsS kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. tamcn-bm-a-e-bn¬ (sb-lqZ ssZhme-b-Øns‚ ÿm\w) F∂v sblq-

Z-∑mcpw sKcnkow ]¿h-X-Øn¬ (_n.-kn. 129 ¬ tPm¨ ln¿°m-\kv iacy ssZhm-ebw \in-∏n-®p) F∂v

ia-cycpw iTn-®p.

\ΩpsS Ime-L- -Øn¬, \mw kphn-tijw Adn-bn-°p∂ hy‡n-Iƒ {InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ _‘w F∂ hnj-

b-Øn¬ \n∂pw c£-s]-Sp-hm≥ CØcw ssZh-imkv{X hnj-b-ßƒ sIm≠p-h∂v {iaw \S-Øm-dp-≠v. Xßsf

hy‡n-]-c-ambn kv]¿in-°m-Øn-S-tØmfw aX-sØbpw XXz-im-kv{X-sØbpw ]‰n ]Tn-°p-∂Xv Ah¿ CjvS-

s∏-Sm-dp≠v (H.-t\m. 3:19˛21).

4:21 ""\nßƒ ]nXm-hns\ \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂Xv Cu ae-bnepw A√, sbcqi-te-anepw A√ F∂p≈ \mgnI

hcp∂p'' CXv A hƒ°pw Ahs‚ injy-∑m¿°pw sR -ep-f-hm-°p∂ Hcp {]kvXm-h\ Bbn-cp-∂n-cn-°-

Ww. FhnsS F∂-X-√, Bsc F∂p≈XmWv hnj-bw!

4:22 ""c£ sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂t√m hcp-∂Xv'' ain-lm-bpsS P∑-ÿ-e-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Dd-∏mb

{]kvXm-h-\-bm-WnXv (H.-t\m. Dev]. 12:2- 3; 49:8˛12; sbi. 2:3; tdma. 9:4˛5).

4:23 ""\mgnI hcp∂p; Ct∏mƒ h∂p-an-cn-°p∂p'' km¿h-eu-InI Bcm-[-\-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ aem. 1:11˛s‚

kqN-\-bmImw CXv. tbip Xs‚ ac-W-Øn-\p-tijw F∂-Xp-t]mse Pohn-X-Im-eØp Xs∂bpw \nXy-

Pohs‚ Zm\w sIm≠p-h∂p F∂p hy‡-am-Wv. ain-lm-bpsS c≠p hc-hp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \ne-\n¬°p∂

kwL¿j-sØ-bm-Wv Cu {]kvXm-h\ {]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. c≠p sblqZ bpK-ßƒ (1 tbml. 2:17se

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I). Ct∏mƒ ]c-kv]cw AXn-{I-an®p IS-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Bflm-hns‚ ]pXpbpKw

h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n´pw \mw Xn∑-bp-sSbpw ]m]-Øn-s‚bpw ]g-b- bp-K-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-∂p.

]pXnb bpKw X∂n¬ Bcw-`n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂v Xo¿®-bmbpw tbip Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. ain-sslI

bpK-amb ]cn-ip-≤mfl bpKw DZvLm-S\w sNø-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

� ""Bflm-hnepw kXy-Ønepw'' ""Bflmhv'' F∂ ]Zw (3:8 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I) {]mtZ-

in-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øntem Bfln-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øntem A√mØ Hcp Bcm-[-\sb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. ""kXyw'' F∂

]Zw {Ko°p temI-Øn¬ Hcp am\-knI k¶-ev]-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d-bm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. AXns‚

F{_mb ]›m-Øew hniz-kvXX AYhm hnizm-kyX BWv. 6:5˛epw 17:3˛epw D≈ kXysØ kw_-

‘n® {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-j-bw- Im-Wp-I.

� ""]nXm-hns\'' Xs‚ AXp-ey-\mb ]p{X-≥ tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿iwIqsS tN¿°msX ]pXnb

\nb-a-Øn¬ ssZhsØ ""]nXmhv'' F∂p hnfn-°p-∂Xv hfsc A]q¿Δ-am-Wv.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-j-bw: ]nXmhv]g-b-\n-baw ssZhsØ Bflm¿∞-amb IpSpw_ kmZr-iy-amb ]nXmhv F∂ \ne-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-

∂p.

1. bn{km-tb¬ cmjv{SsØ ]e-t∏mgpw btlm-h-bpsS ""]p{X≥'' F∂p hnfn-®n-cn-°p∂p (H.t\m. tlmti.

11:1; aem. 3:17).

2. Bcw- -Im-eØp Xs∂, Bh¿Ø-\-]pkvXIØn¬ ]nXmhv F∂ ssZhnI kmZriyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-

°p∂p (1:31).

3. Bh. 32 ¬ bn{km-tb-ens\ ""Ahs‚ a°ƒ'' F∂pw ssZhsØ ""\ns‚ ]nXmhv'' F∂pw hnfn-®n-cn-

°p-∂p.

4. Cu kmZriyw k¶o. 103:13¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-Ibpw k¶o. 68:5 ¬ hn]p-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw (A-\m-Y¿°p

]nXm-hv) sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.

5. {]hm-NI ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ CXp km[m-c-W-amWv (H.-t\m. sbi. 1:2; 63:8; bn{km-tb¬ ]p{X≥, ssZhw

]nXm-hv, 63:16; 64:8; bnsc. 3:4, 19; 31:9).

tbip Acm-ay-bmWp kwkm-cn-®-Xv, AXn-\¿∞w, {Ko°nse ]m‰o¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ ""]nXmhv'' F∂p

ImWp∂ ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw AXv Acm-ay-bnse A∫m sb {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv (H.-t\m. 14:36).

""UmUn'' As√-¶n¬ ""]∏m'' F∂¿∞ap≈ Cu IpSpw-_-]Zw ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ tbip-hns‚ AI-a-gn

™ ASp-∏sØ ImWn-°p-∂p; CX-hs‚ injy-∑m¿°p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ \ΩpsS

ASp-∏sØ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p. ""]nXmhv'' F∂ ]Zw ]gb\nb-a-Øn¬ btlm-hbv°v A]q¿Δ-ambnt´

D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈q F¶nepw tbip AXp IqsS-°qsS D]-tbm-Kn-®p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p {InkvXp-hn-eqsS

ssZh-tØmSp ssIh∂ ]pXnb _‘sØ kw_-‘n® {][m\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-em-WXv (H.-t\m. aØm.

6:9).

93

� ""Xs∂ Xa-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h¿ Cß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ Bbn-cn-t°-W-sa∂p ]nXmhp C—n-°p∂p'' ssZhw

\jvS-s∏´ a\p-jy-h¿§sØ D’m-l-]q¿Δw At\z-jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. sbi. 55; sbsl. 18:22,32;

eqs°m. 19:10; tbml. 1:2; 3:16)

4:26 ""ssZhw Bflm-hm-Ip∂p'' tbml-∂ms‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ kz`m-hsØ hnh-cn-°p∂ At\I

{lkz {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ D≠v. (1) ssZhw kvt\lw Xt∂; (2) ssZhw shfn-®-am-Ip∂p; (3) ssZhw Bflm-hm-

Ip-∂p. CXn-\¿∞w (1) imco-cnIw A√; (2) Hcp ÿeØv ]cn-an-X-s∏-ń-ń√; (3) kab Bhr-Øn-tbmSp

_‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂n√; (4) kz¿§obw x ùanIw Fs∂m-s°-bm-Imw.

4:25 ""ainlm hcp∂p'' ainlm F∂ ]Zw ]pXnb\nb-a-Øn¬ c≠p {]mhiyw am{Xta ImWp-∂p-≈q.

c≠pw tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn-emWv (H.-t\m. 1:41; 4:25).

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ainlmZm\o-tb¬ 9:6 s\°p-dn-®p≈ Fs‚ hymJym\ Ipdn-∏n¬ \n∂pw FSp-Øn- p-≈-Xm-Wn-Xv. Cu hmIyw

hymJym\n°p∂Xn\p≈ {]bmkØn\p ImcWw ainlm AYhm A`njn‡t\mSp _‘-s∏´v \ne-

\n∂n-cp∂ hyXykvX A¿∞ßfmWv (BDB 603):1. sblqZcmPm°∑m¿°v D]tbmKn®p (DZm. 1 iaq. 2:10; 12:3)

2. sblqZ ]ptcmlnX∑m¿°v D]tbmKn®p (DZm. tehy. 4:3,5)

3. tImscin\v D]tbmKn®p (DZm. sbi. 45:1)

4. #1-, #2 F∂nh k¶o. 110 epw skJ. 4 epw Hcp-an®p h∂ncn°p∂p

5. \oXnbpsS ]pXnbbpKw ÿm]n°phm\p≈ ssZhØns‚ {]tXyI ZmhoZy cmPmhns\

kqNn∏n°phm≥

a. sblqZm hwiw (Hm. t\m. Dev]. 49:10)

b. bn»mbn Krlw (Hm. t\m. 2 iaq. 7)

c. km¿Δ-eu-InI `cWw (Hm. t\m. k¶o. 2; sbi. 9:6; 11:1˛5; aoJm 5:1˛4 apX¬)

Xmsgs°mSpØncn°p∂ ImcWßfm¬ ""A`njn‡≥'' \kdb\mb tbiphmsW∂p Rm≥

hy‡n]cambn hnizkn°p∂p.

1. B[ym-bw 2˛¬, \memw km{amPyImeØv ÿm]n-X-am-Ip∂ \nXycmPysØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØp∂p

2. 7:13 ¬ \nXy-cm-PXzw \evI-s∏-Sp∂ ""Hcp a\pjy]p{Xs\'' Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂p

3. hoWp-t]mb temI Ncn{XØns‚ A¥yØnte°p hnc¬Nq≠p∂ 9:24 se hos≠-Sp-∏n≥ kqN\

4. ]pXnb\nbaØn¬ tbip Zm\otbens‚ ]pkvXIw D]tbmKn°p∂Xv (Hm. t\m. aØm. 24:15;

a¿s°m. 13:14).

� ""Ah≥ hcp-tºmƒ kI-ehpw Adn-bn®p Xcpw'' ia-cy¿ ain-lmsb {]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv CXn-

\¿∞w. ainlm ssZh-Øns‚ ]q¿ÆX shfn-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mWp hcp-∂-sX∂pw Ah¿ hniz-kn-®p.

4:26 ""\nt∂mSp kwkm-cn-°p∂ Rm≥ Xt∂ Ah≥ (a-in-lm)'' CXv sbi. 52:6 s‚ kqN-\-bm-Imw. CXp

(k-a-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-am-bn) Xs‚ ssZh-Xz-Øns‚ efn-Xhpw Xpd-∂-Xp-amb

ÿnco-I-c-W-am-Wv! ssZh-Øns‚ ]g-b-\n-ba DS-ºSn \ma-amb btlmh F∂ \masØ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p∂

""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A£chn\ym-k-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. ]pd. 3:12,14). tbip-hn¬ Zriy-am-bXpw

hy‡-am-b-Xp-amb btlm-h-bpsS shfn-∏m-Sns\ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp am¿§-ambn ssZh-Øns‚ Cu

]gb \nba \maw tbip D]-tbm-Kn®p (H.-t\m. tbml. 8:24,28,58; 13:19; 18:5 Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-ØpI sbi. 41:4;

43:10; 46:4). Chn-SpsØ {]tXy-I-amb ""Rm≥ Xt∂'' tbml-∂ms‚ {]kvXm-h-\-I-fnse kp{]-kn-≤-amb

""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' (6:35,51; 8:12; 10:7,9,11,14; 11:25; 14:6; 15:1,5) F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. B {]kvXm-

h-\-Iƒ Hcp \masØ XpS¿∂mWp h∂n- p-≈-Xv .

tbml-∂m≥ 4:27- 3027CXn∂nSbn¬ Ahs‚ injy∑m¿ h∂p Ah≥ kv{XotbmSp kwkmcn°pIbm¬ B›cys∏´p

F¶nepw: \o F¥p tNmZn°p∂p? AhtfmSv F¥p kwkmcn°p∂p F∂v Bcpw tNmZn®n√. 28A\¥cw

kv{Xo ]m{Xw sh®n´p ]´WØn¬ sN∂p P\ßtfmSv: 29Rm≥ sNbvXXv Hs°bpw Ft∂mSp ]d™

Hcp a\pjys\ h∂pIm◊n≥; Ah≥ ]t£ {InkvXp Bbncn°ptam F∂p ]d™p. 30Ah¿ ]´W

Øn¬\n∂p ]pds∏ v Ahs‚ ASp°¬ h∂p.

94

4:27 ""Ah≥ kv{XotbmSp kwkm-cn-°-bm¬ B›-cy-s∏´p'' kmwkvIm-cn-I-am-bn, bmYm-ÿn-XnI sblq-

Z¿ CXp sNøm-dn-√.

� ""F¶nepw \o F¥p tNmZn-°p∂p? Ah-tfmSp F¥p kwkm-cn-°p∂p F∂p Bcpw tNmZn-®n√''

tbml-∂m-\n¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp ZrIvkm£n hnh-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. Cu kvtXm -P-\-I-amb kw`hw Ah≥ \∂mbn

Hm¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p!

4:28 ""kv{Xo ]m{Xw sh®n´p'' kv{Xo km£yw ]d-bm≥ {Kma-Øn-te°p HmSn-t∏m-b-t∏mƒ Ahƒ°p-≠m-bn-

cp∂ A¤p-X-sØbpw Bth-i-sØbpw ImWn-°p∂ at\m-l-c-amb ZrIvkm-£n, Ncn{X Ipdn-∏m-WnXv (H.-

t\m. hm. 29˛30).

4:29 ""Ah≥ ]t£ {InkvXp Bbn-cn-°ptam?'' hymI-c-W-cq]w ""A√'' F∂ DØ-c-amWp {]Xo-£n-°p

∂-Xv, F¶nepw kμ¿`w hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv Ah≥ ainlm BsW-∂-h¿ bYm¿∞-ambn hniz-kn-®p-sh-∂mWv.

kμ¿`w hymI-c-WsØ AXn-Po-hn-°p-∂p!

tbml-∂m≥ 4:31- 38

31AXn\nSbn¬ injy∑m¿ Aht\mSp: d∫o, `£n®mepw F∂p At]£n®p. 32AXn∂p Ah≥:

\nßƒ AdnbmØ Blmcw `£n∏m≥ F\n°p D≠p F∂p AhtcmSp ]d™p. 33BIbm¬

h√h\pw Ah∂p `£n∏m≥ sIm≠ph∂pthm F∂p injy∑m¿ XΩn¬ ]d™p. 34tbip AhtcmSp

]d™Xp: Fs∂ Ab®hs‚ C„w sNbvXp Ahs‚ {]hrØn XnsI°p∂Xp Xs∂ Fs‚

Blmcw. 35C\n \mep amkw Ign™n´p sImbvØp hcp∂p F∂p \nßƒ ]dbp∂n√tbm? \nßƒ

Xes]m°n t\m°nbm¬ \neßƒ Ct∏mƒ Xt∂ sImbvØn∂p shfpØncn°p∂Xp ImWpw

F∂p Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p. 36hnsX°p∂h\pw sImøp∂h\pw Hcpan®p kt¥mjn°phm≥

X°hÆw sImøp∂h≥ Iqen hmßn \nXyPoh¶te°p hnfhp Iqńsh°p∂p. 37hnsX°p∂Xp

HcpØ≥, sImøp∂Xp as‰mcpØ≥ F∂p≈ ]gs©m¬ CXn¬ HØncn°p∂p. 38\nßƒ A≤zm

\n®nń√mØXp sImøphm≥ Rm≥ \nßsf Ab®ncn°p∂p; a‰p≈h¿ A≤zm\n®p; AhcpsS

A≤zm\êØnte°p \nßƒ {]thin®ncn°p∂p.

4:32 kz¿§w x `qan, Bflobw x ùXnIw F∂o Zzμ-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°p∂ as‰mcp {]tbmKw. tbip Hcp

kphn-ti-jo-I-cW shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ ZuXy-Øn-em-Wv. Bfp-I-fmWv/Bbn-cp-∂p Ahs‚ ap≥K-W\!

4:34 ""Fs∂ Ab-®-hs‚ CjvSw-sNbvXp Ahs‚ {]hrØn XnsI-°p-∂Xp Xt∂ Fs‚ Blmcw''

Xm≥ sNø-W-sa∂p ]nXmhv B{K-ln-°p∂ ImcysØ kw_-‘n®v tbip-hn-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Adn-hns‚ hy‡-

amb shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-emWv tbml-∂m≥ 17 (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 10:45; eqs°m. 19:10; tbml. 6:29).

tbip taen¬ \n∂v ]nXmhmw ssZh-Øns‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ \n∂p Xt∂ Ab-bv°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂

hkvXp-Xbpw ]nXm-hns\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw ]nXm-hns‚ {]hrØn sNøp-Ibpw sNøpI F∂ Xs‚

ZuXyhpw XΩn-ep≈ sshcp≤yw t\m°p-I. tbml-∂m-\n¬ k¿Δ km[m-c-W-amb ew_ Zzμz-am-WnXv (ta-

en¬ x Xmsg, Bflmhv x PUw).

tbip Ab-bv°-s∏´p F∂-Xn\v c≠p ]Z-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

1. s]tºm (pempw - 4:34; 5:23; 24,30,37; 6:38,39,40,44; 7:16,18,28,33; 8:16,18,26,29; 9:4; 12:44,45,49; 14:24; 15:21;

16:5).

2. At∏m-sÃtem (apostellw ˛ 3:17,24; 5:36,38; 6:29,57; 7:29; 8:42; 10:36; 11:42; 17:3,18,21,23,25; 20:21).

20:21¬ ImWp-∂-Xp-t]mse Ch ]cym-b-]-Z-ß-fm-Wv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]nXm-hns‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fmbn hos≠-Sp-

∏n≥ e£y-tØmsS temI-Øn-te°v Ab-bv°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂pw CXp ImWn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 2 sImcn.

5:13˛21).

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw:

ssZh-Øns‚ CjvSw (sX-en-am˛qelhmaqelhmaqelhmaqelhmaqelhma)tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw

˛ tbip ]nXm-hns‚ CjvSw sNbvhm≥ h∂p (H-.t\m. 4:34; 5:30; 6:35).

˛ ]nXmhp ]p{X\p \¬In-b-hsc F√mw HSp-°sØ \mfn¬ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏n-°-W-sa-∂Xv

(H.-t\m. 6:39).

˛ F√m-hcpw ]p{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-t°-W-sa-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 6:29,40)

˛ ssZthjvSw sNøp-∂-Xn-t\mSp _‘-s∏ v adp-]Sn e`n® {]m¿∞\ (H.-t\m. 9:31; 1 tbml. 5:14).

95

ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ßƒ

˛ ssZthjvSw sNøp-∂Xv \n¿Æm-b-I-amWv (H.-t\m. aØm. 7:21).

˛ ssZthjvSw sNøp-∂Xv Hcp-hs\ tbip-hns‚ ktlm-Z-ct\m ktlm-Z-cntbm B°pw (H.-t\m.

aØm. 12:50; a¿s°m. 3:35).

˛ Bcpw \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ CjvS-a-√ (H.-t\m. aØm. 18:14; 1 Xnsam. 2:4; 2 ]s{Xm.

3:9).

˛ Im¬hdn tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ssZh-Øns‚ CjvS-am-bn-cp-∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 26:42; eqs°m.

22:42).

]usem-kns‚ teJ-\-Øn¬

˛ kIe hnizm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw ]Iz-Xbpw ip{iq-jbpw (H.-t\m. tdma. 12:1- 2).

˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ Cu ZpjvS-tem-I-Øn¬ \n∂p hnSp-hn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (H-.t\m. Kem. 1:4).

˛ ssZh-Øns‚ CjvSw Ahs‚ hos≠-Sp-∏n≥ ]≤-Xn-bmWv (H.-t\m. Fs^. 1:5,9,11).

˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ Bfl-\n-d-hn≥ PohnXw A\p- -h-am-°p-∂Xpw Pohn-°p-∂Xpw (H. t\m. Fs^.

5:17-˛18)

˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ ssZhnI ]cn-⁄m-\-Øm¬ \nd-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. sImsem. 1:9).

˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ XnI-™-hcpw ]q¿Æ-X-bp-≈-h-cm-Ip-∂Xv (H.-t\m. sImsem. 4:12).

˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 1 sX . 4:3).

˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ kI-e-Øn\pw \μn-I-tc-‰p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 1 sX . 5:18).

]s{Xm-kns‚ teJ-\-ßƒ

˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ \∑ sNbvXp-sIm≠v (A-Xm-b-Xv, ZpjvS bP-am-\-∑m¿°p Iog-S-ßn-bn-cp∂psIm≠v)

_p≤n-bn-√mØ a\p-jy-cpsS t`mjØw an≠m-Xm-t°-W-sa∂pw Aßs\ kphn-ti-joI-cWØn

\v Ah-kcw D≠m-t°-W-sa-∂Xpw (H.-t\m. 1 ]s{Xm. 2:15).

˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ IjvSX kln-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 1 ]s{Xm. 3:17; 4:19).

˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ kzb- -tI-{μo-IrX PohnXw \bn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 1 ]s{Xm. 4:2).

tbml-∂ms‚ teJ-\-ßƒ

˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ Ft∂°pw hkn-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 1 tbml. 2:17)

˛ DØcw e`n-°p∂ {]m¿∞-\-bv°p≈ hnizm-kn-bpsS Xmt°m¬ (H.-t\m. 1 tbml. 5:14).

4:35 ""C\n \mep amkw Ign-™n´p sImbvØp hcp∂p'' BflnI {]Xn-I-c-W-Øn-\p≈ kabw Ct∏m-gm-

sW∂p ImWn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp Be-¶m-cnI {]tbm-K-am-Wn-Xv! tbip-hns‚ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏n-\p-tijw

am{X-a-√, Ahs‚ Pohn-X-Im-eØpw Bfp-Iƒ Ah-\n-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øm¬ c£-{]m-]n-®p.

4:36- 38 ""hnsX-bv°p-∂Xp Hcp-Ø≥ sImøp-∂Xp as‰m-cp-Ø≥'' Cu hmIy-ßƒ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sStbm

As√-¶n¬ tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I-s‚tbm ip{iq-j-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿i-am-Wv. ]usem-kns‚ ip{iq-

jbpw As∏ms√m-kns‚ ip{iq-jbpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘sØ ImWn-°p-hm≥ 1 sImcn. 3:6˛8 ¬ CXp-]-tbm-

Kn-®n- p-≠v.

tbml-∂m≥ 4:39- 42

39Rm≥ sNbvXXp Hs°bpw Ah≥ Ft∂mSp ]d™p F∂p kv{Xo km£yw ]d™ hm°p

\nanØw B ]´WØnse ]e iacycpw Ah\n¬ hnizkn®p. 40Aßs\ iacy¿ Ahs‚ ASp°¬

h∂p XßtfmSp IqsS ]m¿t°Ww F∂p Aht\mSp At]£n®p; Ah≥ c≠p\mƒ AhnsS

]m¿Øp. 41G‰hpw A[nIwt]¿ Ahs‚ hN\w tI´p hnizkn®p: 42C\n \ns‚ hm°p sIm≠√

Rßƒ hnizkn°p∂Xp; Rßƒ Xs∂ tIƒ°bpw Ah≥ km£m¬ temIc£nXmhp F∂p

AdnIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p F∂p kv{XotbmSp ]d™p.

4:39 ""]e ia-cycpw Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn®p'' tbml-∂m≥ ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂ ]Zw a‰-t\I ]Z-ß-fp-

ambn tN¿Øp ]d-™n- p≠v: ""˛¬ hniz-kn-°pI'' (F≥) ""AXp hniz-kn-°pI'' (tlm- n) an°-t∏mgpw ""\n¬

hniz-kn-°pI'' (F-bvk v) AYhm ""B{i-bn-°pI'' (H.-t\m. 2:11,23; 3:16,18,36; 6:29,35,40; 7:5,31,38,48; 8:30; 9:35,36;

10:42; 11:25,26,45,48; 12:11,37,42,44,46; 14:1,12; 16:9; 17:20). ia-cy¿ BZyw hniz-kn-®Xv kv{XobpsS km£yw \nan-

Ø-am-bn-cp-∂p (hm. 39). F¶nepw Ah¿ tbip-hns‚ hm°p-tI´tijw hy‡n-]-c-ambn Ahs‚ km£yw

ssIs°m≠p (hm. 41˛42). tbip bn{km-tb-ense ImWm-sX-t]mb BSp-I-fpsS ASp-°-te-°mWp h∂-sX-

¶n-epw, Ahs‚ kphn-tijw kIe a\p-jy¿°pw D≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p: ia-cy¿°pw, kptdm -t^m-boIy kv{Xo°pw

96

tdmam ]S-bm-fn°pw (H.-t\m. tdma. 10:12; 1 smcn. 12:13; Kem. 3:28˛29; sImsem. 3:11). 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-

jbw ImWp-I.

� ""kv{Xo km£yw ]d™ hm°p \nanØw'' Zpcp-]-tZ-i-Øn¬ hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂-hfpw Akm-∑m¿§n-bp-am-

bn-cp∂ Cu kv{XobpsS km£ysØ ssZhw D]-tbm-Kn-s®-¶n¬ Ft‚Xpw \nß-fp-sSXpw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥

Ah\p Ignbpw! hy‡n-]-c-amb km£y-Øns‚ {]m[m-\ysØ Cu hmIyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. 1:8 se tbip-

hns‚ km£n-Iƒ F∂ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

4:40

NASB, NRSV ""tNmZn®p''

NKJV ""\n¿_-‘n®p''

TEV, NJB ""bmNn®p''

CXv ""\n¿_-‘n®p'' As√-¶n¬ ""bmNn®p'' F∂p X¿÷a sNøm-hp∂ i‡-amb {Ko°p-]-Z-am-Wv. ]Z-

Øns‚ Kuc-hm-hÿ hm. 47 se AXns‚ D]-tbm-K-Øn¬ hy‡-amWv (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 4:38).

4:42 ""temI-c-£n-Xmhv'' CtX hniz-\maw 1 tbml. 4:14 ¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. kIe a\p-jy-tcm-Sp-ap≈

ssZh-kvt\lØns‚ hnssizI A¿∞-Ønepw CXp-]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v (H.-t\m. 1 Xnsam. 2:6; F{_m. 2:9; 1

tbml. 2:2). Dev]. 3:15 se hmKvZØw \nhr-Øn-bm-bn-cn-°p∂p! H∂mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Cu {]tbmKw ssIksd

kqNn-∏n-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p. {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ tbip-hn-\p-th≠n am{Xw CXp-]-tbm-Kn® Imc-W-Øm-

emWv tdma-°m¿ Ahsc ]oUn-∏n-®-Xv. ]pXnb\nba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ ]nXmhmw ssZh-Øns‚ \maw ]p{X\p

\¬In-b-sX-ß-s\-sb∂pw Cu t]cp shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. XosØmkv 1:3 ˛ XosØmkv 1:4; XosØmkv 2:10 ˛

XosØmkv 2:13; XosØmkv 3:4 ˛ XosØmkv 3:6.

sblq-Z-∑m¿ tbip-hns\ X≈n-°-f™p (H.-t\m. 1:11) F∂m¬ ia-cy¿ s]s´∂pw A\m-bm-k-ambpw

Ahs\ ssIs°m≠p (H.-t\m. 1:12)!

tbml-∂m≥ 4:43- 45

43c≠p Znhkw Ign™n´p Ah≥ AhnSwhn´p Keose°p t]mbn. 44{]hmNI∂p Xs‚

]nXrtZiØp _lpam\w C√ F∂p tbip Xs∂ km£yw ]d™ncp∂p. 45Ah≥ Keoebn¬

FØnbt∏mƒ Keoe°m¿ Xßfpw s]cp∂mfn∂p t]mbn Ah≥ sbcqitean¬sh®p

s]cp∂mfn¬ sNbvXsXms°bpw I≠XpsIm≠p Ahs\ AwKoIcn®p.

4:43 ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ \n∂pw Hcp-h≥ {Kln-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mfpa[nIw {]mhiyw kzX-{¥-ambpw

IqSp-X¬ {]mh-iyhpw tbip sblq-sZ°pw Keo-se°p-an-S-bn¬ k©-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p F∂v Cu hmIyw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

4:44 CXp hfsc Akm-[m-c-W-amb Hcp hmIy-am-Wv, ImcWw sXm -SpØ hmIy-hp-ambn AXp tbmPn-°p-

∂n-√. Bcw- n-°m-\n-cn-°p∂ (H.t\m 4:3) Keo-e-bnse ip{iq-jsb Bbn-cn-°mw AXp kqNn-∏n-°p∂Xv. Cu

]g-s©m√v aØm. 13:57; a¿s°m. 6:4; eqs°m. 4:24 F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnepw ImWp-∂p-≠v. ka-ho-£-W -kp-hn-ti-

j-ß-fn¬ AXv Keo-esb ]cm-a¿in-°p-tºm-ƒ Chn-sS-bXv sblq-Z-∑m-sc-bmWp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

Keo-e-°mcpw tbip-hns\ ""ssIs°m-≠-Xmbn'' ]d-bp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Ah-cn¬ At\-Icpw AXn¬ \ne-

\n¬°msX ]n∂oSv Ahs\ X≈n-°-f-™p. ""hniz-kn-°p-∂Xpw'' ""ssIs°m-≈p-∂Xpw'' {]mcw` kzoI-c-

W-Ønepw A[n-I-amb Imcy-amWv (H.-t\m. hnXbpsS D]-a, aØm. 13:8˛23; a¿s°m. 4:12˛20; eqs°m. 8:11˛15).

8:31 se \ne-\n¬t°-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX F∂ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

4:45 ""Keo-e-°m¿ ... Ahs\ AwKo-I-cn®p'' sbcqi-te-anse kμ¿i\ thf-bn¬ Ah¿ tbip-hns‚ D]-

tZiw tIƒ°p-Ibpw Ah≥ sNbvX A¤p-X-ßƒ ImWp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Hc-f-

hp-hsc (H.-t\m. hm. 48) Ah≥ tbip-hns\ ssZh-Øns‚ ainlm (H.-t\m. 1:12) Bbn hniz-kn-®n-cp∂p

F∂m-Wv.

� ""Xßfpw s]cp-∂m-fn∂p t]mbn'' CXpw CSbv°p tN¿Ø tbml-∂ms‚ Hcp Ipdn-∏m-sW∂v NETss__nƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. (H.-t\m. NRSV, NIV).

97

tbml-∂m≥ 4:46- 54

46Ah≥ ]ns∂bpw Xm≥ sh≈w ho™m°nb Keoebnse Im\mhn¬ h∂p. A∂p aI≥

tcmKnbmbncps∂mcp cmP`rXy≥ I^¿∂lqan¬ D≠mbncp∂p. 47tbip sblqZytZiØp\n∂p

Keoebn¬ h∂p F∂p Ah≥ tI´p Ahs‚ ASp°¬ sN∂p, Xs‚ aI≥ acn°mdmbncn°

sIm≠p Ah≥ h∂p Ahs\ kuJyamt°Ww F∂p At]£n®p. 48tbip Aht\mSp: \nßƒ

ASbmfßfpw A¤pXßfpw I≠n´√msX hnizkn°pIbn√ F∂p ]d™p. 49cmP`rXy≥ Ah

t\mSp: I¿Ømth, ss]X¬ acn°pwapsº htcWta F∂p ]d™p. 50tbip Aht\mSp: s]m

bvs°mƒI; \ns‚ aI≥ Pohn®ncn°p∂p F∂p ]d™p; tbip ]d™ hm°p hnizkn®p B

a\pjy≥ t]mbn. 51Ah≥ t]mIpIbn¬ Ahs‚ Zmk∑m¿ Ahs\ FXntc‰p aI≥ Pohn®ncn°p∂p

F∂p ]d™p. 52Ah∂p t`Zw h∂ \mgnI AhtcmSp tNmZn®Xn∂p, Ah¿ Aht\mSp: C∂se

GgpaWn°p ]\n hn´pamdn F∂p ]d™p. 53BIbm¬ \ns‚ aI≥ Pohn®ncn°p∂p F∂p tbip

]d™ \mgnIbn¬ Xt∂ F∂p A∏≥ {Kln®p; Xm\pw IpSpw_w Hs°bpw hnizkn®p. 54tbip

sblqZybn¬\n∂p Keoebn¬ h∂t∏mƒ CXp c≠masØ ASbmfambn´p sNbvXp.

NASB, NRSV, NJB ""Hcp cmP- r-Xy≥''

NKJV ""Hcp {]amWn''

TEV ""Hcp Kh¨sa‚ v DtZym-K-ÿ≥''

sltcm-Zm-hns‚ IpSpw-_-Øn\p tkh\w sNøp∂ Hcp Kh¨sa‚p-tZym-K-ÿ-\m-bn-cp∂p Cbmƒ.

4:48 ""\nßƒ AS-bm-f-ßfpw A¤p-X-ßfpw I≠n- n-√msX hniz-kn-°-bn√'' i‡-amb c≠p \ntj-[m-

flI {Inb-I-fp≈ aq∂mw Xcw tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv. tbip Cu a\p-jys\ _lp-h-N\ cq]-Øn¬

A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂p. sblq-Z-∑m¿ AS-bmfw At\z-jn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 2:18; 6:2,30; aØm-bn.

12:38; 16:1). F¶nepw sltcmZmhns‚ Cu `rXy≥ AS-bmfw e`n°pw apsº hniz-kn-®p.

4:49 ""ss]X¬'' aq∂p hmIy-ß-fn¬ tbml-∂m≥ aq∂p hyXykvX ]Z-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

1. hm. 49 ˛ ]bn-Un-tbm¨-˛paidion (""ss]-X¬'')

2. hm. 50 ˛ lqbn-tbmkv˛u.ioj (""a-I≥'')

3. hm. 51 ˛ ]mbnkv-˛paij (""a-I≥'')

]cym-b-]-Z-ß-fmbn´m-Wnh D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

4:50 tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ A¥x-k-Ø-bm-Wv Cu hmIyw ˛ tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-I, Ahs‚

hm°p hniz-kn-°p-I, Ahs‚ {]hrØn hniz-kn-°p-I, Ahs‚ Bf-Xz-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°pI; tbip-hns‚

hmKvZØw ImWmsX hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS Abm-fpsS hn-izmkw Dd-∏n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

4:53 ""Xm\pw IpSpw_w Hs°bpw hniz-kn®p'' Hcp hy‡n-bpsS hnizmkw apgp-h≥ IpSpw-_-sØbpw

kzm[o-\n® At\I kw -h-ß-fn¬ BZy-tØ-Xm-Wn-Xv.

1. sIm¿∂seymkv ({]-hr. 10:44˛48).

2. epZnb ({]-hr. 16:15).

3. ^nen-∏n-bnse Imcm-Krl{]amWn ({]-hr. 16:31˛34).

4. {Inkvs]mkv ({]hr. 18:8)

5. kvsX -\mkv (1 sImcn. 1:16).

Cu IpSpw_ am\-km-¥-c-sØ-°p-dn®v hfsc N¿®-Iƒ- D-≠mbn´p≠v, F¶nepw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw tbip-hns\

hy‡n-]-c-ambn AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂ Imcyw Du∂n-∏-d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. a[y-]q¿Δ-tZisØ kwkvIm

cw B[p-\nI kwkvIm-c-ß-sf-°mƒ tKm{X-tØmSpw IpSpw-_-tØmSpw hf-sc-b-[nIw Np‰n-∏-‰n-bp-≈-Xm-bn-cp-

∂p. \Ωp-sSbpw Pohn-X-Ønse {][m\ hy‡n-Iƒ \ΩpsS Xnc-s™-Sp-∏ns\ kzm[o-\n-°m-dp-s≠-∂Xp

kXy-am-Wv.

4:54 H∂m-asØ AS-bmfw Im\m-hnse Ieym-W-hn-cp-∂n-em-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 2:1˛11).

N¿®-bv°p≈ tNmZy-ßƒ1. F¥p-sIm-≠mWv tbip sblq-Zy-tZiw hn´p-t]m-bXv?

2. tbml-∂m≥ tdmam ka-b-amtWm sblqZm ka-b-amtWm D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv?

3. tbip ia-cym-kv{Xo-tbmSp kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv C{X-b-[nIw {]m[m-\y-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX-¥p-sIm≠v?

4. 20˛mw hmIyw C∂sØ k -Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ _‘sØ F{]-Im-c-am-Wp km[n-°p-∂Xv?

5. hm. 26¬ tbip ]d-bp∂ sR´n-∏n-°p∂ {]kvXm-h\ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I.

6. Keo-e-°m-cpsS hnizmkw bYm¿∞-am-bn-cp-∂pthm?

98

Ipf-°-c-bnse s_tYkvZm Ipf i∫-Øn¬ Ipf-°-c-bnse s_tYkvZm Ipf

kuJyw °c-bn¬ Hcp a\p apS-¥s‚ kuJyw °c-bn¬ Hcp tcmKn

jy≥ kuJyam kuJyw kuJy-am-Ip∂p

Ip∂p

5:1˛9 5:1˛15 5:1 5:1˛6 5:1˛9a

5:2˛9a

5:7

5:8˛9a

5:9b˛18 5:9b˛18 5:9b˛10 5:9b˛18

5:11

5:12

5:14

5:15

5:16-˛17

]nXm-hn-s\bpw 5:18

]p{X-s\bpw _lp

am\n-°pI

]p{Xs‚ A[n-Imcw 5:16-˛23 ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ ]p{Xs‚ A[n-Imcw

tbip-hns‚ _‘w

5:19-˛29 5:19-˛24 5:19-˛23 5:19-˛47

Poh\pw \ymbhn

[nbpw ]p{X-\n-eqsS

5:24-˛30 5:24-˛29

5:25-˛29

ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ tbip-hn-\p≈

tbip-hns‚ _‘ km£nIƒ

sXfnhv

5:30 5:30 5:30

tbip-hn-\p≈ \mep-hn[

km£n km£yw

5:31-˛40 5:31-˛47 5:31-˛38 5:31-˛40

Xs‚ hmKvZm\w \nc

kn®-hsc tbip

imkn-°p∂p

5:39-˛47

5:41-˛47 5:41-˛47









99








4. BZnbmbh

]Z, ssien ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 5:1˛9

1AXns‚ tijw sblqZ∑mcpsS Hcp D’hw D≠mbn´p tbip sbcqiteante°p t]mbn.2sbcqitean¬ B´phmXnev°¬ t_sYkvZm F∂p F{_mbt]cp≈ Hcp Ipfw D≠p; AXn∂p

A©p afi]w D≠p. 3Ahbn¬ hym[n°m¿, IpcpS¿, apS¥¿, £btcmKnIƒ Cßs\ hensbmcp

Iq´w (sh≈Øns‚ Cf°w ImØpsIm≠p) InS∂ncp∂p. 4(AXXp kabØp Hcp ZqX≥ IpfØn¬

Cdßn sh≈w Ie°pw; sh≈w Ießnb tijw BZyw Cdßp∂h≥ GXp hym[n]nSn®h\mbn

cp∂mepw Ah∂p skuJyw hcpw.) 5F∂m¬ ap∏sØ´p B≠p tcmKw ]nSn®p InSt∂mcp a\pjy≥

AhnsS D≠mbncp∂p. 6Ah≥ InS°p∂Xp tbip I≠p, Cßs\ Gsd Imeambncn°p∂p

F∂dn™p; \n\°p skuJyamIphm≥ a\ pt≠m F∂p Aht\mSp tNmZn®p. 7tcmKn Aht\mSp:

bPam\t\, sh≈w Ießptºmƒ Fs∂ IpfØn¬ B°phm≥ F\n°p Bcpw C√; Rm≥

Xt∂ sN√ptºmƒ as‰mcpØ≥ F\n°p apºmbn Cdßp∂p F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 8tbip

Aht\mSp: Fgpt∂‰p \ns‚ InS° FSpØp \S° F∂p ]d™p. 9DSs\ B a\pjy≥ kuJyambn

InS° FSpØp \S∂p.

5:1 ""Hcp D’hw'' Nne ]pcm-X\ hen-b-£c Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fmb a, C F∂n-h-bn¬ ""D’hw'' F∂pw

a‰-t\Iw Isø-gp-Øp-{]-Xn-I-fn¬ ""Hcp D’hw'' F∂pamWp (P66, P75, A, B, D) ImWp-∂-Xv. sblqZ ]pcp-

j-∑m¿ I¿i-\-ambn ]s¶-Sp-t°-≠n-bn-cp∂ aq∂p D’-h-ß-fm-Wp≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. (H.-t\m. tehy-. 23): (1)

s]kl; (2) s]s¥-t°mkvXv; (3) IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂mƒ. CXv s]k-lsb BWp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬, tbip

aq∂n\p ]Icw \mep h¿jsØ ]cky ip{iqj sNbvXn-cn°mw (H.-t\m. 2:13,23; 6:4; 12:1). tbml-∂ms‚

kv\m\-Øn-\p-tijw tbip-hn\v aq∂p-h¿jsØ ]c-ky- ip-{iq-j-bm-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-sX-∂mWv ]c-º-cm-K-X-

ambn hniz-kn-®p-t]m-cp-∂-Xv. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ s]klm s]cp-∂m-fp-I-fpsS

FÆ-a-\p-k-cn®p am{Xta CXv Dd-∏m-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.

� ""tbip sbcp-i-te-an-te°p (I-b-dn) t]mbn'' tbip s]cp-∂m-fn-\mbn sbcq-i-te-an-te°p t]mb-Xmbn

tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ At\I {]mhiyw ]d-™n- p≠v (H.-t\m. 2:13; 5:1; 7:10; 12:12).

sbcp-itew Ggp ae-I-fpsS apI-fn¬ ]Wn-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Np‰p-ap≈ {]tZ-i-ß-sf-°mƒ Db-c-Øn-

emWp ÿnXn sNøp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ ""Ib-dn-t∏mbn'' F∂ {]tbmKw B£-cn-I-ambn icn-bm-Wv. F∂n-cp-

∂mepw Hu∂Xyw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp Be-¶m-cnI {]tbm-K-am-WnXv. ssZhm-ebw ÿnXn sNøp-∂-

Xn-\m¬ sbcqitew `qan-bnse Db¿∂ ÿehpw a[y- m-K-hp-am-Wv.

5:2 ""B´p-hm-Xn¬°¬'' sbcq-i-te-ans‚ aXn-ens‚ hS°p Ings° A‰-ØmWv ""B´p-hm-Xn¬.'' s\sl-

aym-hns‚ ]pkvX-I-Ønse ] -W-a-Xn-ens‚ ]p\¿\n¿Ωm-W-Ønepw ]p\x-{]-Xn-jvT-bnepw CXns\ ]cm-a¿in-

®n- p≠v (H.-t\m. s\sl. 3:1,32; 12:39).

�

NASB, NKJV""F{_m-b-bn¬ s_tYkvZm F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp Ipfw''

NRSV ""F{_m-b-bn¬ t_Øv kZm F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂''

TEV ""F{_m-b-bn¬ AXp t_ØvkZm F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂p''

NJB ""t_sYkvZm F∂p F{_m-b-bn¬ hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂p''

Cu t]cn\v hyXykvX en]y-¥-c-Wß-fp-≠v. sPmko-^kv CXns\ ""t_ØvkZm'' F∂ F{_m-b

t]¿ hnfn-®p. sbcq-i-te-ans‚ Cu `mK-Øn-\p≈ t]cm-Wn-Xv. {Ko°p Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ CXv

100

""t_ØvkbvZm'' BWv. Jp{am≥ sNºpNpcp-fp-I-fn¬ CXns\ ""s_tYkvZm'' F∂p hnfn-°p∂p; CXn-\¿∞w

""Icp-W-bpsS `h\w'' As√-¶n¬ ""Cc´ Dd-hns‚ `h\w'' F∂mWv. C∂Xv hnip≤ B\n-bpsS Ipfw F∂-

dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

tbip-hns‚ ImeØv ]me-kvXo-\nse sblq-Z-∑m¿ Acmay `mj-bm-bn-cp∂p kwkm-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv, F{_m-

b -A√m-bn-cp-∂p. ""F{_mb'' F∂p tbml-∂m≥ ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXn-\¿∞w Acm-ay- F-∂m-bn-cp∂p (H.-

t\m. 5:2; 19:13,17,20; 20:16; shfn. 9:11; 16:16). tbip-hns‚ Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ {]kvXm-h\Iƒ Acm-ay-bn-em-bn-cp-

∂p.

1. XeoYm Iqan, a¿s°m. 5:41

2. F -Ym, a¿s°m. 7:34

3. Ftem-ln, Ftemln eΩm, i_-‡m-\n, a¿s°m. 15:34.

5:4 Cu hmIyw (3b˛4) ]n¬°m-eØv ]I¿s∏-gp-Øp-Im¿ tN¿Ø hymJym-\-am-Wv. AXneqsS hni-Zo-I-cn-

°m≥ {ian-°p-∂-Xv:

1. Ipf-°-S-hn¬ F√m-hn[ tcmKn-I-fp-sSbpw km∂n-[yw

2. F¥p-sIm≠v B a\p-jy≥ A{Xbpw Imew AhnsS InS-∂p

3. a‰p-≈-h¿- A-hs\ sh≈-Øn¬ Cd-t°-≠-bm-h-iy-sa-¥mWv? hm. 7

CXv Hcp sblqZ sI´p-I-Y-bm-bn-cn-°mw. CXp bYm¿∞-Øn¬ tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ `mK-a-

√m-bn-cp-∂p. A-Xn-\p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ;

1. Isø-gp-Øp-{]-Xn-I-fmb P66, P75, a, B, C*, D F∂nh-bn¬ Cu `mKw C√.

2. 20 e[nIw {Ko°p Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ Cu `mKw (*) Nn”Øm¬ AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

AXn-\¿∞w aqe-{K-Ÿ-Øn-ep≈Xs√∂p Icp-Xp∂p F∂-m-Wv.

3. Cu sNdnb hmIy-Øn¬ tbml-∂m-t‚-X-√mØ [mcmfw ]Z-ßƒ ImWmw. CXv BZy-Im-esØ

At\I hen-b-£c {Ko°p Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ ImWmw. DZm. A, C3, K, L. CXv Ubm-s‰-km-

tdm-Wnepw (G-I. F.-Un. 180), sX¿Øp-ey≥ (F.-Un.200), Awt{_m-kv, {Intkm-Ãw, kndnƒ F∂n-

h-cpsS Fgp-Øp-I-fnepw ImWmw. CXv AXns‚ ]g-°sØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw ssZh-\n-izm-

kob kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ `mK-am-sW-∂-Xns‚ sXfn-h-√. CXv KJV, NASB (1995 se ]cn-jvI-cn®

]Xn-∏v), NKJV F∂nh-bnepw ae-bmfw (BSI) ss__n-fnepw tN¿Øn- p-s≠-¶nepw NASB (1970)NRSV, NJB, REB, NET Bible, NIV F∂nh-bn¬ Hgn-hm-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Isø-gpØp {]Xn-Ifnse hyXymkw kw_-‘n®v Hcp kphn-tijhnlnX ]mT\ncq-]-I≥ \S-Øp∂

anI® N¿®bv°v tKm¿U≥ ^obpsS Sp hm v F≥Uv FIvkn-Po-knkv? t]. 17˛28 ImWp-I.

5:5˛6 B a\p-jys\ tbip Xnc-s™-Sp-Ø-Xns‚ Imc-W-sa-s¥∂p \ap-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm. Hcp ]t£ Ah-\m-

bn-cn°mw AhnsS G‰hpw Imew InS-∂n-cp-∂- hy‡n. Cu a\p-jys‚ `mK-Øp-\n∂pw Aev] hnizm-kta

Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. sblqZ {]am-Wn-am-tcmSv Hcp G‰p-ap- -en-\p≈ hgn tbip Xnc-bp-I-bm-bn-cn-°mw. Xs‚

ain-sslI Ah-Im-i-hmZw Dd-∏n-°m-\p≈ Ah-kcw CX-h\p \¬In. sbi. 53:6 se A¥y-Ime kw_-

‘n-bmb hN\w Cu ain-sslI kuJy-tØmSp _‘-s∏- -Xm-bn-cn-°mw.

tbip-hns‚ A¤p-X-ß-fn-e-[n-Ihpw {]mY-an-I-ambn B hy‡n°p th≠n-b-√, {i≤n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-

h¿°p th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p sNbvX-Xv.

1. injy-∑m¿

2. sblqZ {]am-Wn-Iƒ

3. ]pcp-jmcw

tbip BsW∂p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn Nne A¤pX-ßƒ kphn-ti-j-ßƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp. Cu kw -

h-ßƒ Ahs‚ ssZ\w-Zn\ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fm-bn-cp∂p. Ah Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -Xv:

1. Ahs‚ BfXzw

2. Ahs‚ a\- -enhv

3. Ahs‚ i‡n

4. Ahs‚ A[n-Imcw

5. ]nXm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Ahs‚ hy‡-amb shfn-∏mSv

6. ain-sslI bpKw kw_-‘n®p≈ Ahs‚ hy‡-amb shfn-∏mSv

F∂nh shfn-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

5:8 ""Fgp-t∂-‰p \ns‚ InS° FSpØp \S°'' CXv Iev]-\-I-fpsS ]c-º-c-bm-Wv. InS° F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv

Zcn-{Z¿ Dd-ßm-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ XpWn-sIm-≠p≈ Ipjy-\m-Wv. tcmKn-Ifpw apS-¥cpw Xf¿∂-hcpw ]I¬k-

a-bØv Ccn-°p-∂-Xn\pw AXp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-am-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 2:4,9,11,12; 6:55; {]hr. 9:33).

101

tbml-∂m≥ 5:10 -18

10F∂m¬ A∂p i∫Øv Bbncp∂p. BIbm¬ sblqZ∑m¿ kuJyw {]m]n®ht\mSp: C∂p

i∫Øv BIp∂p; InS° FSp°p∂Xp hnlnXa√ F∂p ]d™p. 11Ah≥ AhtcmSp: Fs∂

kuJyam°nbh≥: InS° FSpØp \S° F∂p Ft∂mSp ]d™p F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 12Ah¿

Aht\mSp: InS° FSpØp \S° F∂p \nt∂mSp ]d™ a\pjy≥ B¿ F∂p tNmZn®p. 13F∂m¬

AhnsS ]pcpjmcw D≠mbncn°bm¬ tbip amdn°f™XpsIm≠p Ah≥ Bsc∂p kuJyw

{]m]n®h≥ Adn™n√. 14A\¥cw tbip Ahs\ ssZhmebØn¬sh®p I≠p Aht\mSp:

t\m°p, \n\°p kuJyambt√m; A[nIw Xn∑bmbXp `hn°mXncn∏m≥ C\n ]m]w sNøcpXp

F∂p ]d™p. 15B a\pjy≥ t]mbn Xs∂ kuJyam°nbXp tbip F∂p sblqZ∑mtcmSp

Adnbn®p. 16tbip i∫Øn¬ AXp sNbvIsIm≠p sblqZ∑m¿ Ahs\ D]{Zhn®p. 17tbip

AhtcmSp: Fs‚ ]nXmhp C∂phscbpw {]h¿Øn°p∂p; Rm\pw {]h¿Øn°p∂p F∂p DØcw

]d™p. 18Aßs\ Ah≥ i∫Øns\ ewLn®XpsIm≠p am{Xa√, ssZhsØ kz¥]nXmhp

F∂p ]d™p Xs∂Øm≥ ssZhtØmSp kaam°nbXpsIm≠pw, sblqZ∑m¿ Ahs\ sIm√phm≥

A[nIambn {ian®pt]m∂p.

5:10 ""A∂p i∫Øv Bbn-cp∂p'' B a\p-jy≥ kuJy-am-b-Xn¬ sblqZ {]am-Wn-Iƒ kt¥m-jn-®n-√.

adn-®v, i∫-Øns\ kw_-‘n® ]mc-º-cyw (]n¬°m-eØv X¬aqZv Bbn t{ImUo-I-cn°s∏-´h) tbip

ewLn-®Xv Ahsc tIm]n-∏n®p (H.-t\m. hm. 16,18; aØm. 7:1˛23).

tbip i_-Øn¬ kuJy-am-°n-b-Xns\ c≠p-hn-[-Øn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

1. Ah≥ F√m Znh-khpw kuJy-am-°n-bn-cp-∂p, ]t£ i_-Øn¬ kuJy-am-°n-bXp am{Xta hnhm-

Z-am-bp-≈q.

2. aX-t\-Xm-°-fp-ambn ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hmZ-Øn-te¿s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ah-k-c-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ hn-

hmZw krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn\mbn Cu hnjbw Ah≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp.

tbip an°-t∏mgpw i∫-Øn¬ kuJy-am-°n-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 12:9˛14; a¿s°m. 1:29˛31; 3:1˛6; eqs°m.

6:6˛11; 14:1˛1-6; tbml. 5:9˛18; 9:14). tbip i∫-Øn¬ `qX-ßsf ]pd-Øm°n (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 1:21˛28; eqs°m.

13:10- 17). injy-∑m¿ i∫-Øn¬ `£n-®-Xns\ tbip km[q-I-cn®p (H.-t\m. aØm. 12:1˛8; a¿s°m. 2:23˛28).

i_Øp\mfn¬ ]≈n-bn¬ sh®v hnhmZ hnj-b-ßƒ°v tbip XpS-°-an´p (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 4:16˛30; tbml.

7:14˛24).

5:13 ""tbip amdn-°-f-™-Xp-sIm≠v'' B£-cn-I-ambn CXv ""Xe Hcp hi-tØ°v Ncn-°pI'' F∂mWv.

Xs‚ ImesØ Hcp- km-[m-cW sblq-Z-s\-t∏m-se-bm-bn-cp-∂p tbip-hpw. Ah≥ Bƒ°q- -Øn¬ ebn-®p.

5:14

NASB, NRSV, NJB ""C\n-ta¬ ]m]w sNø-cpXv''

NKJV ""C\n ]m]w sNø-cpXv''

TEV ""AXp-sIm≠v ]m]w sNøp-∂Xp \n¿ØpI''

\ntj-[m-flI LS-I-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb h¿Ø-am\ Ime-I¿Øcn Iev]-\-bm-Wn-Xv. Ct∏mƒ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-

°p∂ Hcp {]{Inb Ah-km-\n-∏n°pI F∂m-W¿∞w. F∂m¬ Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬ AXp kw -hy-a√ (H.-

t\m. NET Bible, P.1907, #8). H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse sblqZ ssZh-im-kv{X-Im-c-∑m¿ tcm-KsØ ]m]-tØmSp

_‘-s∏-SpØn Nn¥n-®n-cp∂p (H.-t\m. bmt°m. 5:14˛15). F√m tcmK-Øn-s‚bpw Imc-W-an-X-√ F∂v ]nd-hn-

bnse Ipcp-S-\m-b-hs‚ kuJy-Øn¬ \n∂pw (H.-t\m. tbml. 9), eqs°m. 13:1˛4 se tbip-hns‚ hm°p-I-

fn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em-°mw.

tbip Ct∏mgpw Cu a\p-jys‚ BflnI Pohn-X-tØm-SmWv CS-s]-Sp-∂-Xv. \ΩpsS {]hr-Øn-Iƒ \ΩpsS

lrZ-b-sØbpw hnizm-k-sØbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. thZ-]p-kvXI hnizmkw I¿Øm-hn-t\mSpw I¿Ω-tØmSpw

_‘-s∏- Xpw hnizm-k-tØmSpw {]hr-Øn-tbmSpw _‘-s∏- -Xp-am-Wv.

C∂v imcocnI kuJysØ kw_-‘n®v k -bn¬ CØ-c-samcp Du∂¬ Im-Wmw. ssZhw C∂pw kuJy-am-

°p∂p. F∂m¬ ssZhnI kuJyw, Pohn-X-ssi-en-bnepw ap≥K-W-\I-fnepw Hcp BflnI cq]m-¥-c-Øn\p

Imc-W-am-I-Ww. ""\n\-s°-¥p-sIm-≠mWv kuJyw -B-h-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv?'' F∂-sXmcp \√ tNmZy-am-Wv.

102

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: kuJyw F√m Ime-L-

-tØ-°p-ap≈ ssZhnI ]≤-Xn-bmtWm?1. kuJy-sa-∂Xv tbip-hn-s‚bpw As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cp-sSbpw ip{iq-j-bpsS Hcp kp{]-[m\ LS-I-am-

bn-cp-∂p.

2. ssZh-sØbpw Ahs‚ cmPy-sØbpw kw_-‘n® Ah-cpsS kaq-e-amb ]pXnb ktμ-isØ

Dd-∏n-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p AXns‚ {]mY-anI Dt±-iyw.

3. thZ-\n-°p∂ Bfp-I-tfm-Sp≈ ssZh-Øns‚ lrZ-bsØ AXp shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

4. ssZh-Øn\p am‰-an-√ (a-em. 3:6) kuJy-am-°p∂Xn¬ Ah-\n-t∏mgpw kvt\l-Øn¬ s]cp-am-dp-

∂p.

5. kuJyw kw -hn-°mØ A\p- -h-ß-fp-≠v.

a. ]usemkv, 2 sImcn. 12:7˛10

b. t{Xm^n-sam-kv, 2 Xnsam. 4:20

6. d∫n-am-cp-sSbpw bmt°m-_n-s‚bpw A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ ]m]hpw tcmKhpw _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (H.-

t\m. tbml. 9:2; bms°m. 5:13˛18).

7. kuJyw ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-bnse Dd-∏mb hmKvZm-\-a√. AXv sbi. 53 epw k¶o. 103 epw hnh-cn-®n-cn-

°p∂ ]m]-]-cn-lmc {]hr-Øn-bpsS `mK-a-√,

8. Nne¿ kuJy-am-Ibpw Nne¿ kuJy-am-Im-Xn-cn-°bpw sNøp-∂Xv bYm¿∞ a¿Ω-am-Wv.

9. kuJyw F√m Ime-L-´-Ønepw bmYm¿∞y-am-sW-¶nepw tbip-hns‚ Ime-L-´-Øn¬ AXv

\n¿Æm-b-I-amb \ne-bn¬ hf¿∂n-cp∂p; Cu h¿≤\ Ahs‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn\p sXm´p-apºv ho≠pw

Bh¿Øn°pw.

5:15 ""B a\p-jy≥ t]mbn ... sblq-Z-∑m-tcmSp Adn-bn®p'' Abmƒ sblq-Z-∑msc Adn-bn-®-Xns‚ ]n∂nse

bYm¿∞ ImcWw Adn-hn-√.

1. AXv Nn¥m-iq-\yhpw hne-Ip-d-™-Xp-amb {]hr-Øn-bmbncp∂p. kuJyw F√m-bvt∏mgpw hnizm-k-

Øn¬ Bcw- n-°p-Itbm Ah-km-\n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂n√ F∂-Xn\p sXfn-hm-Wn-Xv.

2. Aßs\ sNøm≥ tbip Ah-t\mSp ]d™p (H.t\m. aØm. 8:4; a¿s°m. 1:44; eqs°m. 5:14; 17:14).

5:16 ""tbip i∫-Øn¬ AXp sNbvI-sIm≠p'' `qX-Im-e-Øn¬ Xp-S¿∂ph∂ {]hr-Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂

A]q¿Æ {Inb. CXv tbip-hns‚ BZysØ (A-h-km-\-sØ-bpw) i∫-Ønse kuJy-am-°¬ A√.

5:17

NASB ""F∂m¬ Ah≥ Ah-tcmSp DØcw ]d™p''

NKJV, REV, NRSV, NIV ""F∂m¬ tbip Ah-tcmSv DØcw ]d™p''

NJB ""Ah-tcm-Sp≈ Ahs‚ DØcw''

]pcm-X\ {Ko°p Isø-gpØp {]Xn-Iƒ ]I¿Ønb imkv{Xn-am¿°v C∏-d-bp∂ {]h-W-X-bp-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p.

1. hymI-cWw efn-X-am-°pI

2. {]tXy-I-amb k¿Δ-\ma ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ

3. ssien-Iƒ GIo-I-cn-°pI

hm. 17 s‚ GXp cq]-amWv aqe-Ir-Xn-bn-ep-≈-sX∂p hy‡-a-√.

1. ""F∂m¬ Ah≥ ...'' P75, a, B, W2. ""F∂m¬ tbip ...'' P66, A, D, L3. ""F∂m¬ I¿Øm-hv ...'' AYhm ""I¿Øm-hmb tbip'' kndn-bIv ]cn- m-j-Iƒ

UBS4 #2 \v “C” td‰nwKv (Xocp-am-\n-°m≥ {]bm-k-ap-≈Xv) \¬Ip-∂p.

� ""Fs‚ ]nXmhv C∂p-hscbpw {]h¿Øn-°p∂p; Rm\pw {]h¿Øn-°p∂p'' ]nXmhv i∫-Øn¬ \∑

sNøp-∂Xp \n¿Øp-∂n√, AXn-\m¬ ]p{X\pw \n¿Øp-∂n√ F∂mWv tbip ]d-bp-∂Xv (Cu hmIy-sØ-

°p-dn-®p≈ Hcp \√ N¿®bv°v am≥s{^Uv {_mhq-°ns‚ A_yqknwKv kv{In]vN¿, t]. 219 ImWp-I).

CXv bYm¿∞- A¿∞-Øn¬ ]nXm-hp-am-bp≈ Xs‚ AXpey _‘-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ tbip-hns‚ Adn-

hns\∏‰n-bp≈ ÿnco-I-c-W-amWv (H.-t\m. hm. 19˛24).

sblqZ Bi-b-amb GI-ssZ-hhn-izmkw (H.-t\m. Bh. 6:4) Cu temI-Ønse kw -h-ß-fpsS ""GI-Im-

cW'' hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn¬ {]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. (H.t\m. \ymbm. 9:23; Ctøm. 2:10; k`m.

7:14; sbi. 45:7; 59:16; hnem. 3:33˛38; Btam. 3:6). kIe {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw BXy-¥n-I-ambn GI kXy-ssZ-

h-Øns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fm-Wv. temI-Ønse ssZhnI {]hrØn-Iƒ°v Zzμ am[y-a-ßsf tbip Du∂n-∏-d-

103

™-t∏mƒ, ssZhnI tlXp-°-fpsS Zzμ-sØ-bm-W-h≥ Dd-∏n-®-Xv. {XnXz-Øns‚ {]bm-k-Ic-amb {]iv\-am-

Wn-Xv. GI-ssZhw, ]t£ aq∂v Bf-Xz -{]-Z¿i-\-ßƒ (H.-t\m. aØm. 3:16˛17; 28:19; tbml. 14:26; {]hr.

2:33˛34; tdma 8:9˛10; 1sImcn. 12:4˛6; 2 sImcn. 1:21˛22; 13:14; Kem. 4:4; Fs^. 1:3˛14; 2:18; 4:4- 6; XosØm. 3:4˛6;

1 ]s{Xm. 1:2). 14:26 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: {XnXzw ImWp-I.

5:18 ""sblq-Z-∑m¿ Ahs\ sIm√p-hm≥ {ian-®p-t]m∂p'' sblq-Z-∑m¿ tbip-hns\ sIm√p-hm≥ {ian-®-

Xn\p c≠p Imc-W-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

1. Ah≥ i∫-Øns\ kw_-‘n® hmbvsamgn ]mc-ºcyw (X¬aq-Zv) ]c-ky-ambn ewLn®p (H.-t\m.

aØm. 5:19).

2. Ah≥ ssZh-tØmSp ka-\m-°n-b-Xmbn Ah¿ a\- n-em-°n-sb∂v Ahs‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ hy‡-

am°n (H.-t\m. 8:58˛59; 10:33; 19:7).

tbml-∂m≥ 5:19˛23

19BIbm¬ tbip AhtcmSp DØcw ]d™Xp: Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p:

]nXmhp sNbvXp ImWp∂Xp A√msX ]p{X∂p kzXth H∂pw sNbvhm≥ IgnIbn√; Ah≥

sNøp∂Xp F√mw ]p{X\pw AΔÆw Xt∂ sNøp∂p. 20]nXmhp ]p{Xs\ kvt\ln°bpw Xm≥

sNøp∂Xp Hs°bpw Ah∂p ImWn®psImSp°bpw sNøp∂p; \nßƒ B›cys∏Spamdp Chbn¬

henb {]hrØnIfpw Ah∂p ImWn®psImSp°pw. 21]nXmhp acn®hsc DW¿Øn Pohn∏n°p∂Xp

t]mse ]p{X\pw Xm≥ C—n°p∂hsc Pohn∏n°p∂p. 22F√mhcpw ]nXmhns\ _lpam\n°p∂Xp

t]mse ]p{Xs\bpw _lpam\nt°≠Xn∂p ]nXmhp Bscbpw \ymbw hn[n°msX, \ymbhn[n

F√mw ]p{X∂p sImSpØncn°p∂p. 23]p{Xs\ _lpam\n°mØh≥ Ahs\ Ab® ]nXmhns\bpw

_lpam\n°p∂n√.

5:19,24,25 ""Bta≥, Bta≥'' ""kXyw kXy-ambn'' F∂¿∞w. F{_m-b-bn¬ \n∂p≈ en]y-¥-cW-am-Wn-

Xv. hnizm-ky-XsbbmWnXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Hcp kXysØ Dd-∏n-°m-\n-Xp-]-tbm-Kn-®p. Hcp {]kvXm-h-\-

bpsS Bcw-`-Øn¬ tbip am{X-am-WnXv D]-tbm-Kn®p ImWp-∂-Xv. kp{]-[m\ {]kvXm-h\IfpsS XpS-°-

Øn¬ -A-h-\n-Xp-]-tbm-Kn-®p. Cu ]Z-Øns‚ Cc- n∏v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv tbml-∂m≥ am{X-am-Wv. 1:51 se

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: Bta≥ ImWp-I.

5:19 ""]p{X≥'' ASpØ Nne hmIy-ß-fn¬ ""]p{X≥'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn {]m[m-\y-

ap≈ Bh¿Ø\w ImWmw. Cu Npcp-ßnb kμ¿ -Øn¬ F´p- {]m-hiyw CXp-]-tbm-Kn®ncn-°p∂p. ]nXm-hp-

am-bp≈ Xs‚ _‘w kw_-‘n-®p≈ tbip-hns‚ AXp-ey-amb Adn-hns\ AXp shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

""a\p-jy-]p-{X≥,'' ""ssZh-]p-{X≥'' F∂o t]cp-I-fn¬ B Adn-hns\ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

� ""]p{X\p kztX H∂pw sNøm≥ Ign-I-bn√'' an°-t∏mgpw ImWp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, ]pXnb\nbaw tbip-

hns‚ sshcp-≤y-ap≈ {]kvXm-h-\Iƒ \¬Ip-∂p. Nne `mK-ß-fn¬:

1. Ah\pw ]nXmhpw H∂m-Ip∂p (H.-t\m. 1:1; 5:18; 10:30,34- 38; 14:9 -10; 20:28).

2. Ah≥ ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂pw th¿s]- n-cn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 1:2,14,18; 5:19- 23; 8:28; 10:25,29; 14:10,11,12,13,16; 17:1-

˛2).

3. Ah≥ Ah\p IogS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 5:20,30; 8:28; 12:49; 14:28; 15:10,19 -24; 17:8).

CXv tbip ]q¿Æ ssZh-am-sW∂pw AtX-k-abw Xs∂ ssZh-Xz-Øns‚ thdn- Xpw hyXn-cn‡ Bf-Xz-hp-

amb \nXy-amb shfn-∏m-SmWv F∂pw hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xn-\mbncp∂p. tPm¨ sdbva≠v Cu. {_u¨ FUn‰p

sNbvX Z sPtdmw _nªn-°¬ Ia‚dn bn¬ Hcp \√ kqN\ ImWp-∂p≠v: ""ChnsS ImWp∂ Iog-S-ß-

ens‚ kqN-\, tbip-hn-s‚ hm°p-Iƒ Xs‚ am\p-jnI {]Ir-Xnsb°pdn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿iw am{X-am-sW∂

Nn¥-bn¬ \o°n-°-f-b-cp-Xv. Aß-s\-bm-bm¬ tbml-∂ms‚ {InkvXp-im-kv{X-Ønse Hcp anI® LSIw

\jvS-ambnt∏m-Ipw. adn-®v, ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw XΩn¬ \ne-\n¬°p∂ kºq¿Æ sFIysØbmWv tbip

ÿco-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp Xo¿®-bmbpw {]IrXØnse XmZmflyw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. 16:12 apX-ep≈ `mKØpw

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]p{X-t\mSp _‘n-∏n-°m≥ CtX {]{Inb D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu kphn-ti-

j-Øn-sem-cn-SØpw {XnXzsØ Hcp ssZh-imkv{X kn≤m-¥-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-®p-Im-Wp-∂n-√. c£m imkv{X-

tØm-Sp≈ AXns‚ km[y-X-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ am{X-am-W-Xns\ kao-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv'' (t]Pv 434).

� ""]nXmhp sNbvXXp ImWp-∂Xp A√msX'' a\p-jy¿ Hcn-°epw ]nXm-hns\ I≠n- n√ (H. -t\m. hm.

37; 1:8). F∂m¬ ]p{X≥, X\n°v Ah-s\-°p-dn®v Bg-am-b, hy‡n-]-c-amb, h¿Ø-am\Ime Adn-hp-s≠∂v

Ah-Imis∏-Sp∂p (H.t\m. 1:1˛3).

� ""Ah≥ sNøp-∂Xp F√m ]p{X\pw AhÆw Xt∂ sNøp-∂p'' tbip-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw

D]-tZ-i-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw a\p-jy¿°v AZr-iy-\mb ssZhsØ hy‡-ambn ImWphm≥ Ignbpw (H, t\m. sImsem.

104

1:15; F{_m. 1:3).

5:20 ""]nXmhp ]p{Xs\ kvt\ln-°bpw Xm≥ sNøp-∂Xp Hs°bpw Ah\p ImWn®p sImSp-°bpw

sNøp∂p'' XpS¿am-\-ambn \S-°p∂ kw`-hsa∂ \ne-bn-em-Wn-Xns‚ hymI-c-W-cq-]w. kvt\l-Øn-\p≈

{Ko°p-]-Z-amb ^nsetbm (filew) BWn-Xv. 3:35 set∏mse AKm-s∏tbm (agapew) BWn-hnsS Hcp-h≥

{]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv. kvt\l-Øn-\p≈ Cu c≠p hm°p-Iƒ°v sImbvt\ {Ko°n¬ hnim-e-amb IS-∂p-I-b-‰-

ßƒ ImWmw (Un.- F. Im¿ks‚ FIvkn-Po-‰n-°¬ ^m√-kokv (c≠mw ]Xn∏v, t]. 32- 33; F v. F v.

{_qkns‚ B≥tkgvkv Sq IzÃy≥kv, t]. 73 ImWp-I)

� ""\nßƒ B›-cy-s∏-Sp-amdv'' A¤p-X-ß-fpsS Dt±iyw AXp-ey-\mb ]p{X-\n¬ sblq-Z-∑m¿ (_-lp-h-

N\w \nßƒ) hniz-kn-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p (H. t\m. hm. 23; {]hr. 13:41 [l_. 1:5]).

� ""henb {]hr-Øn-Ifpw'' kμ¿ -a-\p-k-cn®v CXv acn-®-h-sc Dbn¿∏n-°p-∂Xpw (hm. 21, 25- 26), \ymb-

hn[n \S-Øp-∂Xpw (hm. 22, 27) BWv.

5:21 ""]nXmhp acn-®-hsc Db¿Øn ... ]p{X-\pw .... Pohn-∏n-°p∂p'' ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ btlmh am{X-am-Wv

Poh≥ \¬Ip∂ hy‡n (H.-t\m. Bh. 32:39). tbip-hn\v acn-®-hsc Dbn¿∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p-sh∂ hkvXpX

btlm-h-tbmSp ka-\m-sW∂ {]kvXm-h-\bv°p Xpey-am-Wv (H.-t\m. hm. 26). tbip Ct∏mƒ \nXy-Po-h≥

\¬Ip∂p (H.t\m. 2 sImcn. 5:17; sImsem. 1:13) AXv hm. 26 se ]pXnb bpK-Ønse Pohs‚ imco-cnI

shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-en-t\mSp _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (H. t\m. 1 sX . 4:13- 18). tbip-hp-am-bp≈ Cu A[nI kw`m-

jWw Hcp hy‡n-]-c-amb ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-sW∂p tXm∂p-∂p. F¶nepw kaq-l-tØm-Sp-≈Xv XpS¿∂pw

ImWp-∂p≠v (\ym-b-hn-[n°pw c£bpw kw_-‘n-®p-≈-h).

� ""]p{X\pw Xm≥ C—nIp-∂-hsc Pohn-∏n-°p∂p'' Bsc-bmWv Pohn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v ]p{X≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-

°p-∂Xv? kμ¿ -a-\p-k-cn®v Im¬hn-\n-ksØ sXfn-bn-°m-\p≈ hmIy-a-√n-Xv. adn®v tbip-hn-ep≈ hnizmkw

Poh≥ \¬Ip--sa∂ Dd-∏mb {]kvXm-h-\-bmWv (H.-t\m. 1:12; 3:16). kwL¿jw hcp-∂Xv 6:64,65 ¬ \n∂m-Wv.

Bflmhv ""F√m-h-scbpw'' Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂pthm AtXm ""Nnesc'' am{Xtam? hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy\v BfloI

aWvU-e-Øn¬ ap≥I-sø-Sp-°m-\m-hn-s√∂p hy‡-amWv F∂p Rm≥ Nn¥n-°p-∂p. ]t£ Bflm-hns‚

a{¥-W-ß-tfmSv am\-km-¥-cw, hnizm-kw, A\p-k-c-Ww, ÿncX F∂n-h-bn-eqsS Ah¿ {]Xn-I-cn-°Ww ({]-

Xn-I-cn-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°-Ww) F∂ hkvXp-X-tbmSv Xncp-h-N-\m-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Rm≥ tbmPn-°p-∂p. kphn-

tijw tIƒ°p∂ Nne¿ ""C√'' F∂p ]d-bp-∂-XmWv bYm¿∞ a¿Ωw! Rm\-Xns\ ""Ahn-izm-k-Øns‚

a¿Ωw'' F∂p hnfn-°p-∂p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ CXv Htc kabw kphn-ti-j-ß-fnse ""£an-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]hpw''

1 tbml-∂m-\nse ""ac-W-Øn-\p≈ ]m]hpw'' BWv. 1 tbml. 5:16 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw ImWp-I.

{]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: ""£an-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]w''

hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ hymJym\ {]{In-b-IƒA. kphn-ti-j-ßƒ Hcp sblqZ ]›m-Ø-esØ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p∂p Ft∂m¿°p-I.

1. c≠p-Xcw ]m]-ßƒ (H.-t\m. tehy. 4:2,22,27; 5:15,17˛19; kwJy. 15:27- 31N Bh. 1:43; 17:12- 13)

a. A_-≤-h-im¬ kw -hn-®h

b. Icp-Xn-°q-´n-bp-≈h

2. s]¥-t°m-kvXn\p apºp≈ sblqZ ]›m-Øew (A-Xm-bXv kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ \nhr-Ønbpw

Bflm-hns‚ {]Z¿i-\hpw kw -hn-®n-cp-∂n-√)

B. a¿s°mkv 3:22- 30 s‚ kmlnXy ]›m-Øew {i≤n-°p-I.

1. tbip-hns‚ kz¥ IpSpw-_-Øns‚ Ahn-izmkw (H.-t\m. 3:31- 32)

2. ]coi∑m-cpsS Ahn-izmkw (H.-t\m. 2:24; 3:1,6,22)

C. ""a\p-jy-]p-{X≥'' F∂Xv ""a\p-jy-cpsS ]p{X≥'' F∂p amdp∂ kam-¥-c-ßƒ Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

1. aØm. 12:22- 37 (A-Xm. 12:32, ""a\p-jy-]p-{X\p t\sc ... Hcp hm°p ]d-™m¬'')

2. eqs°m. 11:14- 26; 12:8- 12 (AXm. 12:10, ""a\p-jy-]p-{Xs‚ t\sc Hcp hm°p ]d-bp-∂'')

3. a¿s°m. 3:28 (A-Xm. ""a\p-jy-tcmSp kI-e-]m-]-ßfpw Ah¿ Zpjn®p ]d-bp∂ kIeZqj-W-

ßfpw £an-°pw'')

5:22 i‡-amb Cc´ \ntj-[m-flI {Inbbpw ]q¿Æ {Inbbpw \ymhn-[n ]p{Xs\ Gev]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂

hkvXpXbv°v Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂p (H.-t\m. 5:27; 9:39; {]hr. 10:42; 17:31; 1 Xnsam. 4:1; 1 ]s{Xm. 4:5). Cu

hmIyhpw tbml. 13:17 Dw XΩn-ep≈ sshcp≤yw C{]-Imcw hni-Zo-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. B ""A¥y-\m-fp-I-

105

fn¬'' Ah≥ Bscbpw hn[n-°p-I-bn√. a\p-jy¿ tbip-{In-kvXp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ Ah-cpsS {]Xn-I-c-W-Øns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ hn[n-°-s∏Spw. tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ A¥y-Ime \ymb-hn[n (A-hn-izm-kn-I-fptSXv) Ah¿

Ahs\ kzoI-cnt®m AtXm Xnc-kvI-cnt®m F∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cn-°pw.

\nXy-Po-h≥ \¬I¬ As√-¶n¬ \ymb-hn[n F∂-XmWv 3:17-˛21, 36 s‚ hnjbw. {InkvXp-hn-ep≈

ssZh-kvt\lw Xnc-kvIcn°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ ssZh-t{Im[w Bbn amdp∂p! Xnc-s™-Sp-°m≥ c≠p Imcy-ßtf

D≈p! \nXy-Po-h≥ {]m]n-°m≥ Hcp hgn am{X-ta-bp≈p ˛ {InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizmkw (H. t\m. 10:1˛18; 14:6; 1

tbml. 5:9˛12).

5:22 ""F√m-hcpw ]p{X-s\bpw _lp-am-\n-t°-≠-Xn\v'' ""F√m-hcpw'' F∂ ]Zw A¥y-Ime \ymb-hn[n

cwK-sØ-bmImw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H. t\m. ^nen. 2:9˛11).

� ""]p{Xs\ _lp-am-\n-°m-Ø-h≥ Ahs\ Ab® ]nXm-hn-s\bpw _lp-am-\n-°p-∂n√'' Cu {]kvXm-

h\ 1 tbml. 5:12 t\mSp hfsc kmay-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ ]p{Xs\ Adn-bmØ B¿°pw ssZhsØ

Adn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. A¿∞m¬ ]p{Xs\ _lp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw sNømØ B¿°pw

]nXm-hns\ _lp-am-\n-°p-hm\pw kvXpXn-°p-hm\pw Ign-bp-In√!

tbml-∂m≥ 5:24- -29

24Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p: Fs‚ hN\w tI´p Fs∂ Ab®hs\

hnizkn°p∂h∂p \nXyPoh≥ D≠p; Ah≥ \ymbhn[nbn¬ BImsX acWØn¬\n∂p

Poh¶te°p IS∂ncn°p∂p. 25Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p: acn®h¿

ssZh]p{Xs‚ i–w tIƒ°bpw; tIƒ°p∂h¿ Pohn°bpw sNøp∂ \mgnI hcp∂p; Ct∏mƒ

h∂pancn°p∂p. 26]nXmhn∂p X∂n¬Øt∂ Poh\p≈Xpt]mse, Ah≥ ]p{X∂pw X∂n¬ Xt∂

Poh\p≈h≥ BIpamdp hcw \evInbncn°p∂p. 27Ah≥ a\pjy]p{X≥ BIbm¬ \ymbhn[n

\SØphm≥ Ah∂p A[nImchpw \evInbncn°p∂p. 28CXn¶¬ B›cys∏ScpXp; I√dIfn¬

D≈h¿ F√mhcpw Ahs‚ i–w tI´p, 29\∑ sNbvXh¿ Poh∂mbpw Xn∑ sNbvXh¿

\ymbhn[n°mbpw ]p\cp∞m\w sNbvhm\p≈ \mgnI hcp∂p.

5:24 ""Bta≥, Bta≥'' tbml-∂m-\n¬ am{Xw ImWp∂ tbip-hns‚ Cc´ {]tbmKw (H.-t\m. hm. 25)

kp{]-[m\ {]kvXm-h-\-I-fpsS XpS-°-am-Wv. 1:51 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw ImWp-I.

� ""Fs‚ hN-\-ßsf tI´p Fs∂ Ab-®-hs\ hnizkn-°p-∂-h\p \nXyPoh≥ D≠v'' ]p{X-\n-eq≈

hnizm-k-Øm¬ {]mh¿Øn-I-am-Ip∂ (H. t\m. 1 tbml. 5:9˛12) ]nXm-hn-ep≈ hnizm-ksØ Du∂n-∏-d-

bpIbmWn-hnsS (2:23 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw ImWp-I). ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬, \nXy-Po-h≥

F∂Xv hnizm-k-Øm¬ {]Xo-£-tbmsS ImØn-cn-t°≠ Hcp `mhn-Ime kw -h-am-Wv. F∂m¬ tbml-∂m-

\n¬ AXv h¿Ø-am-\-Ime bmYm¿∞y-amWv (A-Xm. 8:51; 11:25). ""tIƒ°pI'' F∂ ]Zw ""A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-

Xn-\mbn tIƒ°pI'' (H.-t\m. Bh. 6:4) F∂¿∞w hcp∂ tjam F∂ F{_m-b-]-ZsØ {]Xn- -en-∏n°p-

∂-XmIm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v.

� ""Fs∂ Ab-®-hs\'' ""As∏m-kvX-e≥'' (H.-t\m.- hm. 36,37) F∂-Xns‚ aqe-]Zw At∏ms-Ãt√m

(apostellw) F∂ {Inbm-]-Z-am-Wv. d_n-am¿ Cu ]Zw ""Hcp {]tXyI ZuXy-Øn-\p-th≠n HutZym-KnI

{]Xn-\n-[nbmbn Ab-°-s∏-Sp∂ hy‡n'' F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®p. ]nXmhv ]p{Xs\ Xs‚ {]Xn-\n-

[n-bmbn Ab-bv°p∂p F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®p. 4:34 se Ipdn∏p

ImWp-I.

{]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: Ab-bv°pI

(At∏m-sÃt√m ˛ apostellwapostellwapostellwapostellwapostellw)CXv ""Ab-bv°pI'' F∂-Xn-\p≈ km[m-cW {Ko°p ]ZamWv (At∏m-sÃt√m ˛ apostellw)).

Cu ]Z-Øn\p ssZim-kv{X-]-c-amb \nc-h[n D]-tbm-K-ß-fp-≠v.

1. d∫n-am¿ CXv Hcp-hs‚ HutZym-KnI {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn Ab-bv°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp-hs\ hnfn-°p-hm≥

D]-tbm-Kn-®p. Cw•o-jnse ""Aw_m-kn-U¿'' t]mse (H.-t\m. 2 sImcn. 5:20)

2. kphn-ti-j-ßƒ Cu ]Zw ]nXm-hn-\m¬ Ab-bv°-s∏´ tbip-hn\v D]-tbm-Kn®p. tbml-∂m-\n¬

Cu ]Z-Øn\v ain-sslI A¿∞w ssIh-∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 10:40; 15:24; a¿s°m. 9:37, eqs°m.

106

9:48 hnti-jm¬ tbml. 4:34; 5:24,30,36,37,38; 6:29,38,39,40,57; 7:29; 8:42; 10:36; 11:42; 17:3,8,18,21,23,25;

20:21). tbip hnizm-kn-Isf Ab-bv°p-∂-Xn\pw CXp-]-tbm-Kn®p (H. t\m. tbml. 17:18; 20:21).

3. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ CXv injy-∑m¿°p-th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-®p.

a injy-K-W-Ønse Dƒh-e-b-Øn-ep≈ ]¥n-cp-h¿ (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 6:13; {]hr. 1:21- 22)

b. Hcp {]tXyI Iq´w As∏mkvX-enI klm-bn-Ifpw kl-{]-h¿Ø-Icpw

(1) _¿_mkv (H. t\m. {]hr. 14:4,14)

(2) As{¥m-\n-s°mkpw bp\o-bmhpw (H.-t\m. tdma. 16:7)

(3) As∏m-t√mkv (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 4:6˛9)

(4) I¿Øm-hns‚ ktlm-Z-c-\mb bmt°m_v (H.-t\m. Kem. 1:19)

(5) knezms\mkpw Xnsam-sY-sbmkpw (H.-t\m. 1 sX . 2:6)

(6) XosØm-kns\ BImw (H.-t\m. 2 sImcn. 8:23)

(7) F∏-s{^m-Zn-sØmkns\ BImw (H.-t\m.- ^n-en. 2:25)

c. k -bn¬ XpS-∂p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ Hcp hcw (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 12:28- 29; Fs^. 4:11)

4. {InkvXp-hns‚ {]Xn-\n[n F∂ \nen¬ \n\°p e`n® ssZh-Z-Ø-amb A[n-Im-csØ Du∂n-∏-d-

bp-∂-Xn-\p≈ am¿K-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ ]usemkv Xs‚ an° teJ-\-ß-fnepw Cu t]cv D]-tbm-Kn-

®p (H.-t\m. tdma. 1:1; 1 sImcn 1:1; 2 sImcn 1:1; Kem. 1:1; Fs^. 1:1; sImsem. 1:1; 1 Xosam 1:1; 2

Xnsam 1:1; XosØm. 1:1)

� ""ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw Pohn-¶-te°p IS-∂n-cn-°p∂p'' CXp ]q¿Øn-bmb I¿Øcn kqN-I-amWv; AXm-

bXv `qX-Im-e-Øn¬ kw -hn-®Xv Ct∏mƒ Hcp ÿncm-h-ÿ-bmbn amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ssZh-cmPyw \ne-hn¬

h∂n-cn-°p-∂p, F¶nepw `mhn-Ime kw_-‘n-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p, AXp-t]m-se-bmWv \nXy-Po-h\pw (H.-t\m.- hm.

25˛26; 1 tbml. 3:14). hm. 25, cmPyw Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ bmYm¿∞ymWv F∂-Xns‚ i‡-amb {]kvXm-h-\-bm-

Wv.

5:25 ""\mgnI hcp-∂p, Ct∏mƒ h∂p-an-cn-°p∂p'' tbml-∂ms‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fpsS khn-ti-j-amb `mjm-co-

Xn-bm-Wn-Xv. hm°p-Iƒ°pw ssien-Iƒ°pw ]e-t∏mgpw c≠v A¿∞-ß-fp-≠v. Cu kw -h-Øn¬ ""\mgnI''

bpsS A¿∞w.

1. c£-bpsS kabw

2. \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS kabw

Cu kab N -°qSv h¿Ø-am-\-Ime kw_-‘hpw `mhn kw_-‘-hp-amWv (H. t\m. hm. 29; 6:39,44,54). tbip-

hns\ kw_-‘n®v Hcp-h≥ F¥p-sN-øp∂p F∂-XmWv `mhn-bn¬ Ah\v/Ahƒ°v `mhn-bn¬ F¥p kw -

hn°pw F∂Xv Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂-Xv. c£bpw \ymb-hn-[nbpw Htc kabw h¿Ø-am\Ime bmYm¿∞yhpw

`mhn-bn¬ ]q¿Øo-I-c-WØn-se-Øp-∂-Xp-amWv (H.-t\m.- hm. 28).

{]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: \mgnI""\mgnI'' F∂ ]Zw kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ hnhn[ A¿∞-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v.

1. Hcp kab kqN\ (H.-t\m. aØm 8:13; eqs°m. 7:21; tbml. 11:9)

2. ]cn-tim-[-\-bp-sSbpw ]co-£-bp-sSbpw ka-bsØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Ae-¶mc {]tbmKw (H.-t\m.

aØm. 10:19; a¿s°m. 13:11; eqs°m. 12:12)

3. tbip Xs‚ ip{iqj Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xns‚ Hcp Ae-¶m-c-{]-tbmKw (H.-t\m. tbml. 2:4; 4:23)

4. \ymb-hn[n Znh-k-Øn-\p≈ Hcp Ae-¶mc {]tbmKw (A-Xm. c≠mwh-c-hv, H.-t\m. aØm. 24:36, 44;

25:13; a¿s°m. 13:32; tbml. 5:25,28)

5. tbip-hns‚ IjvSm-\p- -h-Øn-\p≈ Hcp Ae-¶mc{]tbmKw (H.-t\m. aØm. 26:45; a¿s°m. 14:35,41;

tbml. 7:30; 8:20; 12:23,27; 13:1; 16:32; 17:1)

� ""acn-®-h¿ ssZh-]p-{Xs‚ i_vZw tIƒ°bpw'' Bflo-b-ambn acn-®-hsc°pdn-®mWv hm. 25 ]d-bp-∂-

Xv; hm. 29 BIs´ ico-cn-I-ambn acn® kI-e-cp-sSbpw ]p\-cp-∞m-\-sØ-°p-dn-®m-Wv. aq∂phn[ ac-W-sØ-

°p-d-n®p ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂p.

1. Bflob acWw (H.-t\m. Dev]Øn 3)

2. imco-cnI acWw (H.-t\m. Dev]Øn 5)

3. \nXy-a-cWw (H.-t\m. Fs^. 2:2; shfn. 2:11; 20:6,14), As√-¶n¬ Xos∏mbvI, \cIw (sK-sl-∂)

""ssZh]p-{X≥'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ Hcp A]q¿h D]-tbm-K-am-Wn-Xv. 1 tbml. 3:8 se {]tXyI ]T\

hnjbw ImWp-I. Cu ]Zw IqsS°qsS D]-tbm-Kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ Hcp Imc-Ww, tZh-∑m¿ (H-fn-ºkv

107

]¿h-X-Ønse) a\pjykv{XoIsf `mcy-am-cmbn As√-¶n¬ sh∏m-ń-I-fmbn FSp-°p∂p F∂ {Ko°v aX

ho£-W-am-Wv. ssZh]p{X≥ F∂ tbip-hns‚ ]Zhn, ssewKnI Xe-ap-d-sbtbm kab]cn-[n-sbtbm A√

A√ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv adn®v Bg-amb _‘-sØ-bmWv. CXv Hcp sblqZ IpSpw_ kmZr-i-am-Wv. tbip

]gb\nba Xcw-Xn-cnhp]tbm-Kn®v Xs‚ ssZh-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v Cu sblqZ t\Xm-°-tfmSv hfsc hy‡mbpw

khn-tij coXn-bnepw {]kvXm-hn-°p-I-bmWv (H.-t\m. 5:21,26).

5:26 ""]nXm-hn\p X∂n¬ Xt∂ Poh-\p-≈-Xp-t]mse'' ]pd. 3:14 se btlmh F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞w

CXm-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ Cu DS-ºSn \maw ""Bbn-cn-°pI'' F∂ F{_mb {Inb-bn¬ \n∂pw h∂-Xm-Wv.

AXn-\¿∞w Ft∂°pw Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ Poh-\p-≈ GI≥ F∂m-Wv. 6:20 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw:

ssZhnI \maßƒ ImWp-I.

]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ btlm-hbv°p am{Xta ""Poh≥'' D≈q (Hm.-t\m. 1 Xnsam. 1:17; 6:16). Ah\p am{Xta

AXp a‰p-≈-h¿°p ]I-cp-hm\pw Ign-bq (DZm. Ctøm. 10:12; 33:4; k¶o. 36:9). btlmh Cu AXpey i‡n

X\n°pw \¬In-b-Xmbn tbip Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p.

� ""]p{X\pw X∂n¬ Xt∂ Poh≥ D≈-h≥ BIp-amdp hcw \¬In--bn-cn-°p-∂p'' tbip-hns‚ ssZhXzw

kw_-‘n-®p≈ i‡-amb ÿoco-I-c-W-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. 1:14; 1 tbml. 5:11).

5:27 \ymb-ambn hn[n-°p-hm≥ tbip {]m]vX-\m-bn-cn-°p∂Xns‚ (F-Ivkq-kn-b, A[n-Imcw D≈-h≥, H.-t\m.

10:18; 17:2; 19:11) ImcWw Ah≥ ]q¿Æ ssZhhpw ]q¿Æ a\p-jy\pw BsW-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. ""a\p-jy-]p-{X≥''

F∂-Xn-t\mSp tN¿∂v hnth-N-I-t -ZIw C√ (H.-t\m. sbsl. 2:1; k¶o. 8:4). Ah≥ \sΩ ]q¿Æ-ambn Adn-

bp-∂p (H.-t\m. F{_m. 4:15); Ah≥ ssZhsØ ]q¿Æ-ambn Adn-bp∂p (H.-t\m. 1:18; 5:30).

tbip Xs∂-Øm≥ ""]pX≥'' F∂p hnfn-°p∂ kμ¿ -Øn¬ (H.-t\m. hm. 19 [2 {]mh-iyw], 20,21,22 [2{]mh-iyw], 23, 25, 26) BWv hm. 27 se ""a\pjy]p{X≥'' (F-¶nepw km[m-c-W-bmb hnth-N-I-t`-ZIw

IqSmsX) F∂ t]cv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv F∂ Imcyw hnkva-bm-h-l-am-Wv. F¶nepw CtX coXn (1) 3:13,14 x3:16,17,18,35,36; (2) 6:27,53 x 6:40; (3) 8:28 x 8:35,36 F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnepw ImWmw. ssZhw c≠p -t]-cp-Ifpw X\n-

°p-th≠n amdn amdn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

5:28 ""CXn¶¬ B›-cy-s∏-S-cpXv'' Ct∏mƒ \S∂psIm≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp {]hrØn \n¿ØpI F∂¿∞ap≈

\ntj-[m-flI kqN-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb h¿Ø-am-\-Ime Iev]-\-bm-Wn-Xv. tbip-hns‚ ap≥ hm°p-Iƒ sblqZ

{]am-Wn-Isf sRń-®-Xp-t]m-se, Ahs‚ XpS¿∂p≈ {]kvXm-h-\bpw Ahsc sRń-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

� ""I√-d-I-fn¬ D≈-h¿ F√m-hcpw Ahs‚ i_vZw tI´p'' c≠mw hc-hn-¶¬ ain-lm-bpsS D®-Øn-

ep≈ i_vZsØ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-I-bm-WnsX∂p tXm∂p-∂p (H. t\m. 1 sX . 4:16). Cu kw -h-Øns‚

DØ-tam-Zm-l-c-W-amWv emk¿ (H-.-t\m. 11:43). 2 sImcn. 5:6,8 se kXysØ CXp Xa-kvI-cn-°p-∂n-√. km¿Δ-

eu-InI \ymb-hn-[n-sbbpw ]p{Xs‚ A[n-Im-c-sØbpw AXp-d-∏n-°p-∂p.

Cu ]›m-Ø-e-a-[n-Ihpw Chn-SpsØ Ct∏m-gsØ BfloI Pohn-X-Øns‚ bmYm¿∞y-tØmSp _‘-

s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p (bm-Ym¿∞y-amb A¥y-Ime imkv{Xw). AtXm-sSm∏w Cu {]tbmKw A¥y-Ime `mhn

kw -h-sØbpw Dd-∏n-°p-∂p. ssZh-cm-Py-Øns‚ h∂pIgn-™p, C\nbpw Bbn- n√ F∂ Cu kwL¿jw

ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fn-se, hnti-jn®v tbml-∂m-\n-sebpw, tbip-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-fpsS khn-ti-

j-X-bm-Wv.

5:29 ZpjvS-∑m-cp-sSbpw \oXn-am-∑m-cp-sSbpw ]p\-cp-∞m-\-sØ-°p-dn®v ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂p (H.-t\m. -Zm\o.

12:2; aØm. 25-:46; {]hr. 24:15). an° thZ- m-K-ßfpw \oXn-∑m-cpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn-\mWv Du∂¬ \¬Ip-

∂Xv (H.-t\m. Ctøm. 19:23- 29; sbi. 26:19; tbml. 6:39- 40,44,54; 11:24˛25; 1 sImcn. 15:50- 58).

CXv {]hr-Øn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ \ymb-hn-[nsb A√ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, adn®v hnizm-kn-bpsS

PohnX ssien-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ \ymb-hn-[nsb BWv (H.-t\m. aØm. 25:31- 46; Kem. 5:16- 21). a\p-

jy¿ hnX-bv°p-∂Xv sImøpw F∂ Hcp s]mXpXXzw ssZhhN-\-Ønepw temI-Ønepw D≠v (H.-t\m. kZr.

11:24˛25; Kem. 6:6). AXv ]gb\nba D≤-c-Wn-b-\p-k-cn®v Nn¥n-®m¬ ssZhw ""HmtcmcpØ¿°v Ah-\-hs‚

{]hr-Øn°p X°-hÆw ]Icw \¬Ip∂p'' F∂m-WA (H.-t\m. k¶o. 62:12; 28:4; Ctøm. 34:15; kZr. 24:12;

aØm. 16:27; tdma. 2:6˛8; 1 sImcn 3:8; 2 sImcn. 5:10; Fs^. 6:8; sImsem. 3:25).

tbml-∂m≥ 5:30

30F\n°p kztX H∂pw sNbvhm≥ Ignbp∂X√; Rm≥ tIƒ°p∂Xpt]mse \ymbw hn[n°p

∂p; Rm≥ Fs‚ C„w A√, Fs∂ Ab®hs‚ C„at{X sNbvhm≥ C—n°p∂XpsIm≠p Fs‚

hn[n \oXnbp≈Xp BIp∂p.

5:30 ssZh-Øns‚ temtKmkv PU-am-bn-Øo¿∂ tbip, ]nXm-hn\v Iogvs∏- -h\pw Iog-S-ßp-∂-h\pw Bbn-cp-

108

∂p. Iog-S-ß-ens‚ Cu i‡-amb Du∂¬ h. 19 epw ImWmw (""]p-{X\p kztX H∂pw sNbvhm≥ Ign-I-bn-

√''). ]p{X≥ Hcp]Sn XmW-h-\m-sW∂v CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂n-√, adn®v {XnXzw hos≠-Sp-∏n≥ ZuXysØ

]nXmhv, ]p{X≥, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv F∂o aq∂p hyXykvX Bf-Xz-ßsf `c-ta-ev]n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv.

tbml-∂m≥ 5:31- 47

31Rm≥ Fs∂°pdn®p Xs∂ km£yw ]d™m¬ Fs‚ km£yw kXya√. 32Fs∂°pdn®p

km£yw ]dbp∂Xp as‰mcpØ≥ BIp∂p; Ah≥ Fs∂°pdn®p ]dbp∂ km£yw kXyw F∂p

Rm≥ Adnbp∂p. 33\nßƒ tbml∂ms‚ ASp°¬ Bfb®p; Ah≥ kXyØn∂p km£yw

]d™ncn°p∂p. 34F\nt°m a\pjys‚ km£ywsIm≠p Bhiyan√; \nßƒ c£n°s∏Sphm

\t{X CXp ]dbp∂Xp. 35Ah≥ Pzen®p {]Imin°p∂ hnf°p Bbncp∂p; \nßƒ Aev]kab

tØ°p Ahs‚ shfn®Øn¬ D√kn°phm≥ C—n®p. 36F\nt°m tbml∂ms‚ km£yØnepw

henb km£yw D≠p; ]nXmhp F\n°p A\pjvTn°phm≥ X∂ncn°p∂ {]hrØnIƒ, Rm≥

sNøp∂ {]hrØnIƒ Xt∂, ]nXmhp Fs∂ Ab®p F∂p Fs∂°pdn®p km£oIcn°p∂p.37Fs∂ Ab® ]nXmhpXm\pw Fs∂°pdn®p km£yw ]d™ncn°p∂p; \nßƒ Ahs‚ i–w

Hcp\mfpw tIńń√. 38Ahs‚ cq]w I≠nń√; Ahs‚ hN\w \nßfpsS D≈n¬ hkn°p∂Xpan√;

Ah≥ Ab®hs\ \nßƒ hnizkn°p∂n√t√m. 39\nßƒ XncpshgpØpIsf tim[\ sNøp∂p;

Ahbn¬ \nßƒ°p \nXyPoh≥ D≠p F∂p \nßƒ \ncq]n°p∂pht√m. Ah F\n°p km£yw

]dbp∂p. 40F¶nepw Poh≥ {]m]nt°≠Xn∂p Fs‚ ASp°¬ hcphm≥ \nßƒ°p a\ n√.41Rm≥ a\pjytcmSp _lpam\w hmßp∂n√. 42F∂m¬ \nßƒ°p D≈n¬ ssZhkvt\lw C√

F∂p Rm≥ Adn™ncn°p∂p. 43Rm≥ Fs‚ ]nXmhns‚ \maØn¬ h∂ncn°p∂p; Fs∂ \nßƒ

ssIs°m≈p∂n√; as‰mcpØ≥ kz¥\maØn¬ h∂m¬ Ahs\ \nßƒ ssIs°m≈pw; 44XΩn¬

XΩn¬ _lpam\w hmßns°m≠v, GIssZhØns‚ ]°¬ \n∂p≈ _lpam\w At\zjn°mØ

\nßƒ°p, Fßs\ hnizkn∏m≥ Ignbpw? 45Rm≥ ]nXmhns‚ apºn¬ \nßsf Ip‰w NpaØpw

F∂p \nßƒ°p tXm∂cpXp. \nßsf Ip‰w NpaØp∂h≥ D≠p; \nßƒ {]Xymish®ncn°p∂

tamsi Xt∂. 46\nßƒ tamsisb hnizkn®p F¶n¬ Fs∂bpw hnizkn°pambncp∂p. Ah≥

Fs∂°pdn®p FgpXnbncn°p∂p. 47F∂m¬ Ahs‚ FgpØp \nßƒ hnizkn°p∂n√ F¶n¬

Fs‚ hm°p Fßs\ hnizkn°pw?

5:31 ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ Hcp Imcyw Dd-∏n-°p-hm≥ c≠p km£n-Iƒ thW-am-bn-cp∂p (H. t\m. kwJy. 35:30;

Bh. 19:15). Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬ tbip X\n°v A©p km£n-Isf AWn\nc-Øp-∂p.

1. ]nXmhv (hm. 32,37)

2. tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ (hm. 33, H.-t\m. 1:19- 51)

3. tbip-hns‚ Xs∂ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ (Hm.-t\m. hm. 36)

4. Xncp-sh-gpØv (H.t\m. hm. 39)

5. tamsi (H.-t\m. hm. 46) AXv Bh. 18:15- 22 s\ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂p.

1:8 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWpI.

� ""]d-™m¬'' {Inbm-flI {]hrØnsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-WnXv.

� ""Fs‚ km£yw kXy-a√'' C∂v 8:14 \v hn]-co-X-am-sW∂p tXm∂pw. Cu {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ hyXykvX

kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ ]d-™-h-bm-sW∂p kμ¿`w hy‡-am-°p-∂p. ChnsS X\n°v F{X-b-[nIw km£n-I-fp-

s≠-∂mWp ]d-bp-∂-Xv, F∂m¬ 8:14 ¬ Xs‚ km£yw Xs∂ aXn F∂v Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv! ""kXyw''

F∂-Xn\v 6:55 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: tbml-∂m-\n¬ kXyw, ImWp-I.

5:32 ""Fs∂-°p-dn®p km£yw ]d-bp-∂Xp as‰m-cp-Ø≥ BIp∂p'' CXv ]nXmhmw ssZhsØ kqNn-∏n°p-

∂p (H.-t\m. 1 tbml. 5:9). Imc-Ww, ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ""AtX C\-Øn¬ s]´ as‰m∂v'' F∂¿∞-

ap≈ At√mkv (alloj) F∂ ]Z-am-Wv. ""hyXykvX C\-Øn¬s]´ H∂v'' F∂¿∞-ap-f-f sls‰-tdmk v

(e.teroj) A√ - sIbvs\ {Ko°n¬ Cu hyXymkw A{X hy‡-a-√. 1:8 se tbip-hn\p km£yw ]d-bp-∂-

h¿ F∂ {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWp-I.

5:33 ""\nßƒ tbml-∂ms‚ ASp-°¬ Bf-b®p'' CXp tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-Is\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (H.

t\m. 1:19).

5:34 ""\nßƒ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\t{X CXp ]d-bp-∂Xv'' CXv kmam\y I¿ΩnWn {]tbm-K-am-Wv. I¿ΩnWn

{]tbmKw ssZh-Øns‚ AYhm ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ a≤y-ÿX [z\n-∏n-°p-∂p (H.-t\m. 6:44,65) Hm¿°p-I,

kphn-ti-j-ßƒ, kphn-ti-jo-I-cW {]`m-j-W-ß-fmWv (A-XmbXv eLp-te-J-Iƒ), A√msX Ncn-{X-]-c-

amb PohnXIY-I-f-√. tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- h kw_-‘n®v Hcp kphn-ti-jo-I-cW e£y-ap≠v (H. t\m. 20:30-

109

˛31).

5:35 ""Ah≥ ... hnf°p Bbn-cp∂p'' shfn-®-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ as‰mcp Du∂em-Wn-Xv, Chn-sS-bnXv tbml-

∂ms‚ hgnsbmcp°¬ ktμ-i-am-Wv (H.-t\m. 1:6˛8).

5:36 ""Rm≥ sNøp∂ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ Xt∂ ... Fs∂-°p-dn®p km£o-I-cn-°p∂p'' tbip-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-

Iƒ, ain-lm-sb-°p-d-n-®p≈ ]gb\nba {]h-N-\-ß-fpsS \nhr-Øn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ahs‚ ImesØ sblq-Z-

∑m¿ Cu A¤p-X-I-c-amb AS-bm-f-ßƒ Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Ipcp-S¿ ImWp-∂p, Zcn-{Z¿ t]mjn-∏n-°-

s∏-Sp-∂p. apS-¥¿ kuJy-am-Ip∂p (H.-t\m. sbi. 29:18; 32:3˛4; 35:5˛6; 42:7). tbip-hns‚ D]-tZ-i-Øns‚

i‡n, PohnXssien, \oXn, a\- -enhv, hocy{]hr-Øn-Iƒ (H.-t\m. 2:23; 10:25,38; 14:11; 15:24) F∂nh Ah≥

BcmWv, Ah≥ FhnsS \n∂p h∂p, Bc-hs\ Ab®p F∂n-hbv°v hy‡-amb km£yw ]d-bp-∂p.

5:37 ""]nXmhpXm\pw Fs∂-°p-dn®p km£yw ]d-bp-∂p'' kμ¿ -a-\p-k-cn®v Cu {]tbmKw ]gb \nba

Xncp-sh-gp-Øns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv (H. t\m. F{_m. 1:1˛3). CXn¬ ]gb\nb-a-Ønse kIe ain-sslI

]cm-a¿i-ßfpw Dƒs∏-Sp∂p (H. t\m. hm. 39).

� ""\nßƒ Ahs‚ i_vZw Hcp\mfpw tIń- n-√, Ahs‚ cq]w I≠n- n-√'' sblq-Z-∑m¿ ssZhsØ°pdn®v

Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fn-eq-sSbpw Bcm-[-\-I-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb A\p- -h-Øn-eq-sSbpw Adn-tb-≠-Xm-bn-

cp-∂p-sh-¶n-epw, Ah¿ Ahs\ bYm¿∞ambn Adn-™n√ F∂v tbip Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-∂p (H. t\m. 8:43;

sbi. 1:1˛15; 6:9 -10; 29:13; bnsc. 5:21).

]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ ssZhsØ ImWp-∂h¿ acn°pw F∂p Nn¥n-®n-cp-∂p. btlm-h-tbmSp apJm-apJw

kwkm-cn® GI hy‡n tamsi-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m-eXpw taL-Øns‚ ad-hn¬ \n∂p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]pd.

33:23, tbml. 1:18 \p hncp-≤-am-sW∂v At\-I¿ Nn¥n-°p-∂p. F¶nepw ]pd-∏m-Snse F{_m-b-]-Z-Øn-\¿∞w

""]n≥ alXzw'' F∂mWv, imco-cnI cq]w F∂-√.

5:38 ""Ahs‚ hN\w \nß-fpsS D≈n¬'' Ch tbml-∂ms‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fnse c≠p i‡-amb kmZr-i-ß-

fmWv. ssZh-h-N\w (tem-tKm-kv) ssIs°m-t≈-≠-Xm-Wv. Hcn-°¬ kzoI-cn-®m¬ (H. t\m. 1:27) AXp \ne-\n-

evt°Ww (hkn-°p-I, Hm.t\m. tbml. 8:31; 15:4,5,6,7,10; 1 tbml. 2:6,10,14,17,24,27,28; 3:6,14,15,24). tbip

ssZh-Øns‚ kºq¿Æ shfn-∏m-SmWv (Hm.t\m. tbml. 1:1˛18; ^nen. 2:6˛11; sImsem. 1:15˛17; F{_m. 1:1˛3)

c£, XpS¿am-\-amb _‘-Ømepw (F-{_mb A¿∞-Øn¬ ""Adn-bpI'' H. t\m. Dev]. 4:1; bnsc. 1:5) kphn-

tij kXy-ßfpsS AwKo-I-c-W-Ømepw ({Ko°v A¿∞-Øn¬ ""Adn-bpI'' H. t\m. 2 tbml. 9) ÿocn-I-

cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

""hkn-°pI'' F∂ ]Zw Bcw`w Ipdn-°¬, ÿnc-ambn \n¬°p∂ hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘w F∂o A¿∞-

Øn-emWv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xv. hkn-°pI F∂Xv bYm¿∞ c£-bpsS hyh-ÿ-bm-Wv (H.-t\m. A. 15).

tbml-∂m-\n¬ CXv \nc-h[n A¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n- p-≠v.

1. ]p{X≥ ]nXm-hn¬ (Hm.t\m. 10:38; 14:10,11,20,21; 17:21)

2. ]nXmhp ]p{X-\n¬ (H.t\m. 10:38; 14:10,11,21; 17:21,23)

3. hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]p{X-\n¬ (Hm.t\m. 10:56; 14:20,21; 15:5; 17:21)

4. hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]p{X-\nepw ]nXm-hnepw (H.-t\m. 14:23)

5. hnizm-kn-Iƒ hN-\-Øn¬ (H.-t\m. 5:38; 8:31; 15:7; 1 tbml. 2:14)

1 tbml. 2:10 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWp-I.

5:39 ""\nßƒ Xncp-sh-gpØpIsf tim[\ sNøp∂p'' CsXmcp h¿Ø-am-\-Ime I¿Øcn kqN-Itam

As√-¶n¬ Iev]-\tbm BImw. sblq-Z-∑m¿ \nc-kn® km£n-I-fpsS ]ń-I-bn¬ s]Sp-∂-Xn-\m¬ CsXmcp

kqNIw BIm-\mWp km[y-X.

sblqZ t\Xm-°-∑m-cpsS Zpc-¥-an-Xm-Wv. Ah¿°v Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-≠v, Ah-cXp hmbn-°p-∂p, a\x-]m-T-am-

°p-∂p. F¶nepw AXv Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p∂ hy‡nsb Ah¿ Is≠-Øp-∂n-√. Bflm-hns\ IqSmsX Xncp-

sh-gp-Øp-Iƒt]mepw ê-iq-\y-amWv! bYm¿∞ Poh≥, hy‡n-]-c-amb A\p-k-c-W-tØmSpIqSnb hnizmk

_‘-Øm¬ am{Xw Df-hm-Ip-∂-XmWv (A-Xm. Bh. 4:1; 8:13; 30:15˛20; 32:46˛47).

� ""Ah F\n°p km£yw ]d-bp∂p'' tbip \nhrØn-bm-°nb ]gb\nba Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Isf kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂p (A-Xm. 1:45; 2:22; 5:46; 12:16,41; 19:28; 20:9). As∏m-kvXe {]hr-Øn-I-fn¬ ]s{Xm-kns‚bpw (H.-t\m.

{]hr. 3:18; 10:43), ]usem-kn-s‚bpw (H. t\m. {]hr. 13:27; 17:2 -3; 26:22 -23,27) BZy-Ime {]kw-K-ß-fn¬ an°-

hbpw tbip-hns‚ ain-lm-Xz-Øn-\p≈ sXfn-hmbn \nd-th-‰-s∏´ {]h-N-\-ßsf D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. ]pXnb

\nb-a-Øn¬ ImWp∂ Xncp-sh-gpØpIfpsS B[n-Im-cn-I-Xsb Dd-∏n-°p∂ thZ-`m-K-ß-fn¬ (Hm. t\m. 1

sImcn. 2:9˛13; 1 sX . 2:13; 2 Xnsam. 3:16; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:23˛25; 2 ]s{Xm. 1:20- 21) Hs∂m-gnsI (1 ]s{Xm. 3:15- 16)

_m°n-sb√mw ]gb\nb-asØ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. tbip Xs∂-Øs∂ ]gb\nb-a-Øns‚ \nhr-Ønbpw

e£yhpw Bbn I≠p (icn-bmb hymJym-Xmhpw, H.-t\m. aØm. 5:17˛48).

110

{]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: BZna k -bpsS sIdn‹mA. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ ssZhw sNbvXncn-°p∂ hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ tbip ain-lm-bpsS hc-hn¬ \nhr-

Øn-bm-bn-cn-°p∂p ({]hr. 2:30; 3:19,24; 10:43; 26:6- 7,22; tdma. 1:2˛4; 1 Xnsam. 3:16; F{_m 1:1˛2; 1

]s{Xm. 1:10- 12, 2 ]s{Xm. 1:18- 19).

B. ssZhw tbip-hns\ Ahs‚ kv\m\-Øn¬ ainlm Bbn A`n-tjIw sNbvXp ({]hr. 10:38).

C. tbip kv\m\-Øn\p tijw Keo-e-bn¬ Xs‚ ip{iqj Bcw- n®p ({]-hr. 10:37).

D. ssZh-i-‡n-bm¬ \∑ sNøp-∂Xpw hocy-{]-hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøp-∂Xpw Ahs‚ ip{iq-j-bpsS khn-

ti-j-X-I-fmbncp∂p (a¿s°m 10:45; {]hr. 2:22; 10:38).

E. ssZh-Øns‚ \nXy\n¿Æ-b-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v ainlm {Iqin-°-s∏´p (a¿s°m. 10:45; tbml. 3:16;

{]hr. 2:23; 3:13˛15,18; 4:11; 10:39; 26:23; tdma. 8:34; 1 sImcn. 1:17- 18; 15:3; Kem. 1:4; F{_m. 1:3; 1

]s{Xm. 1:2,19; 3:18; 1 tbml. 4:10).

F. Ah≥ acn-®-h-cn¬ \n∂pw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p-Ibpw Xs‚ injy-∑m¿°v {]Xy-£-\m-Ibpw

sNbvXp ({]-hr. 2:24,31˛32; 3:15,26; 10:40˛41; 17:31; 26-:23; tdma. 8:34; 10:9; 1 sImcn. 15:4˛7, 12 apX¬;

1 sX . 1:10; 1 Xnsam. 3:16; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:2; 3:18,21).

G. ssZhw tbip-hns\ Db¿Øp-Ibpw ""I¿Ømhv'' F∂ \maw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp ({]-hr. 2:25˛29,

33˛36; 3:13; 10:36; tdma. 8:34; 10:9; 1 Xnsam. 3:16; G{_m 1:3; 1 ]s{Xm. 3:22).

H. ssZh-Øns‚ ]pXnb kaq-l-Øns‚ cq]o-I-c-W-Øn-\mbn Ah≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ \¬In

({]-hr. 1:8; 2:14˛18,38˛39; 10:44- 47; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:12).

I. Ah≥ \ymb-hn-[n°pw kI-e-Øn-s‚bpw bYm-ÿm-]-\-Øn-\p-ambn ho≠pw hcpw ({]hr. 3:20-

˛21, 10:42; 17:31; 1 sImcn. 15:20- 28; 1 sX . 1:10).

J. ktμiw tIƒ°p∂ F√m-hcpw am\-km-¥-c-s∏´v kv\m\w G¬°Ww ({]-hr. 2:21,38; 3:19;

10:43,47˛48; 17:30; 26:20; tdma. 1:17; 10:9; 1 ]s{Xm. 3:21).

]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse hyXykvX Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Ah-cpsS {]kw-K-ß-fpsS Hcp `mKw am{Xw \evIp-

Itbm As√-¶n¬ a‰p hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ°v Du∂¬ \¬Ip-Itbm sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p-sh-¶nepw CXmWv BZna

k -bpsS {]kw-ß-fpsS BI-am\ cq]-tc-J.

a¿s°m-kns‚ kphn-tijw ]q¿W-ambpw sIdn‹m kw_-‘n® ]s{Xm-kns‚ coXn ]n¥p-S-cp-∂p.

a¿s°mkv tdmanse ]s{Xm-kns‚ {]kw-K-ßsf Fgp-X-s∏´ kphn-ti-j-am°n am‰n-b-Xmbn ]c-º-cm-K-

X-ambn hniz-kn®pt]mcp-∂p. aØm-bnbpw eqs°mkpw a¿s°m-kns‚ ASn-ÿm\ LS-\sb ]n¥p-S-cp-

∂p.

5:41- 44 sblqZ aX-t\-Xm-°ƒ Xß-fpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS IøSn Bkz-Zn-®n-cp-∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰n-bmWp kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂-sX∂p tXm∂p-∂p. ]q¿h-Ime d∫n-amsc D≤-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Ah¿ al-Xz-sa-Sp-Øn-cp∂p F¶nepw

Bflob A‘X \nan-Øw, Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n¬°p∂ Kpcp-°-∑m-cn¬ Kpcp-hm-b-hs\ Ah¿ ImWp-∂n-

√. H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse sblqZ d∫n-a-X-sØ tbip AXni‡ambn X≈n-∏-d-bp∂Xm-WnXv (a-Øm. 21:33- 46;

a¿s°m 12:1˛12; eqs°m. 20:9˛19 F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnse D]-abpw ImWp-I).

5:41

NASB, NRSV, ""Rm≥ a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂pw alXzw hmßp-∂n√''

NKJV ""Rm≥ a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂pw _lp-am\w hmßp-∂n√''

TEV ""am\p-jnI kvXpXn Rm≥ At\z-jn-°p-∂n√''

NJB ""am\p-jnI alXzw Fs∂ kw_-‘n®v H∂p-a√''

""alXzw'' (tUm-Ivkm- doxa) F∂ ]Zw IrXy-ambn X¿÷a sNøpI {]bm-k-amWv (1:14 se {]tXy

]T\ hnjbw ImWp-I). AXv F{_m-b-bnse ""tXP v'' Imt_mZv F∂-Xns\ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂p. Imt_mZv

ssZh-Øns‚ tXP-t -dnb {]Imi ]q¿Æ-amb km∂n-[ysØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p (H.-t\m.

]pd. 16:10; 24:17; 40:34; {]hr. 7:2) Ahs‚ kz`m-h-Øn\pw {]hr-Øn-Iƒ°p-ambn Ah\p kvXpXnbpw al-

Xzhpw Itc-‰p-∂-Xn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Cu A¿∞-ß-sf√mw kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp \√ hmIy-amWv 2

]s{Xm. 1:17.

ssZh-Øns‚ km∂n-[y-Øn-s‚bpw kz`m-h-Øn-s‚bpw Cu {]Imi ]q¿Æ-amb hiw Ch-tbmSp _‘-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

1. ZqX-∑m¿ (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 2:29; 2 ]s{Xm. 2:10)

2. tbip-hns‚ Hu∂Xyw (H.t\m. tbml. 1:14; 8:54; 12:28; 13:31; 17:1˛5,22,24; 1 sImcn. 2:8; ^nen. 3:17)

3. hnizm-kn-I-fn-te-°p≈ AXns‚ ]I¿® (H.t\m. tdma. 8:18,21; 1 sImcn. 2:7; 15:43; 2 sImcn. 4:17;

sImsem. 3:4; 1 sX . 2:12; 2 sX . 2:10; F{_m. 2:10; 1 ]s{Xm. 5:1,4)

111

tbml-∂m≥ tbip-hns‚ {Iqio-I-c-WsØ Ahs‚ al-Xzo-I-c-W-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv Xmev]

cyapf-hm-°p∂ hkvXp-X-bmWv (H.-t\m. 7:39; 12:16,23; 13:31). F¶nepw AXns\ ""_lp-am\w'' Ft∂m ""kvtXm

{Xm¿∏Ww'' Ft∂m X¿÷a sNøm≥ Ignbpw (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 17:18; {]hr. 12:23; tdma. 4:20; 1 sImcn 10:31;

2 sImcn. 4:15, ^nen. 1:11; 2:11; shfn. 11:13; 14:7; 16:9; 19:7). Cu hn[-Øn-emWv Cu kμ¿`Øn¬ ChnsS D]-tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

5:43 ""Fs∂ \nßƒ ssIs°m-≈p-∂n√'' tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-jØn-ep-S-\ofw tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn-

°pI F∂ Du∂¬ Hcp \n¿±njvS ssZh-imkv{X {]am-W-a√ adn®v Ah-\p-am-bp≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb I≠p-ap-

´¬ BWv (A-Xm. hm. 39- 40). Ah-\n¬ B{i-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Xocp-am-\-tØm-sS-bmWv hnizmkw Bcw- n-

°p-∂-Xv. D]-tZ-i-]-c-amb ]Iz-X-bnepw {InkvXp Xpey-amb Pohn-X-Ønepw FØn-t®-cp∂Xpw hf¿∂p sIm≠n-

cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb injy-Xz-Øns‚ Hcp hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘w ChnsS Bcw- n-°p-∂p.

� ""as‰m-cp-Ø≥ kz¥-\m-a-Øn¬ h∂m¬'' CsXmcp {]Y-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wv.

� ""Ahs\ \nßƒ ssIs°m≈pw'' CXv X¬aq-Zn¬ \ns∂-Sp-Øn´p≈, hyXykvX d∫n kvIqfp-I-fn¬

s]´ D]-tZ-jvSm-°sf Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øn-bp≈ d∫n-am-cpsS ]T-\-co-Xnsb°pdn-®p-ff Hcp ]Z-hn-\ymk {]tbm-

K-am-Wv.

ssa°nƒ amKn¬ Xs‚ \yqsS-Ãvsa‚ v {Sm≥kvsse≥ F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p:

""ssZh-Øm¬ Ab-bv°-s∏- -h-\mWv F∂-h-Im-i-s∏-SmØ Hcp am\p-jnI D]-tZ-jvSm-hn-s\tbm

d∫n-sbtbm sblqZ {]am-Wn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°pw. Hcp am\p-jnI D]-tZ-jvSm-hns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Xpey

Af-hn¬ ]c-kv]cw _lp-am\w \¬In-sIm≠v Xß-fpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-ambn Ah¿°v ]c-kv]c

_‘-ap≠v. ssZh-Øm¬ Abbv-°-s∏´ Hcp {]hm-N-Is‚ Imcy-Øn¬, Ah¿ tIƒ°p-Ibpw A\p-

k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v Hcp Iogvs∏´ ÿm\-Øm-bn-cn-°pw. ssZh-Øns‚ {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ F¥p-

sIm≠v \nc-kvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂-Xns‚ aqe-Im-cWw F√m-bvt∏mgpw CXm-bn-cn-°pw'' (t]Pv 318).

5:44 17:3 se hni-Zo-I-cWw ImWp-I.

5:45- 47 tamsi-bpsS Fgp-Øp-Iƒ Xs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xmbn tbip {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. CXv Bh. 18:15˛22

s\°pdn-®p≈ kqN-\-bm-Imw. hm. 45 ¬ Xncp-sh-gp-Øns\ Ip‰w Npa-Øp-∂- hy‡nbmbn aq¿Ø-cq]w \¬In-

bn-cn-°p-∂p. AsXmcp hgn-Im- n-bmbn \¬I-s∏- -XmWv (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 16:31). hgn-Im´n \nc-kvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-

tºmƒ FXn-cm-fn-bmbn Xocp∂p (H.-t\m. Kem. 3:8˛14,23- 29).

5:46,47 ""F¶n¬ .... F¶n¬'' hm. 46, ""hkvXp-Xbv°p hn]-cnXw'' F∂p hnfn-°s∏Sp∂ a[ya ]pcpj

tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-amWv. sblq-Z-t\-Xm-°ƒ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ tamsi-bpsS Fgp-Øp-Iƒ hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂n-√,

AXn-\m¬ tbip (A-¥y-Ime tamsi [A-Xm. Bh. 18:15- 9 se {]hm-N-I≥]) A¥y-Zn-\-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS

\ymbm-[n-]-\m-Ipw. hm. 47 se, ""F¶n¬'' kXy{]kvXm-h-\-bmb Hcp DØa ]pcpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I

amWv.


1. F¥p-sIm-≠mWv \ΩpsS B[p-\nI ]cn- m-j-I-fn¬ \n∂pw hm. 4 Hgn-hm-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv?

2. tbip F¥p-sIm-≠mWv Cu a\p-jys\ Xs∂ kuJy-am-°n-bXv?

3. Cu a\p-jys‚ kuJy-Øn¬ hnizmkw Dƒs∏- n-cp-∂pthm? imco-cnI kuJyw BflnI kuJy-

Øns‚ kqN-\-bmtWm?

4. Ahs‚ tcmKw Ahs‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-tØmSp _‘-s∏- -Xm-bn-cp-∂pthm? kIe tcmK-ßfpw

hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-tØmSp _‘-s∏- -XmtWm?

5. sblq-Z-∑m¿ tbip-hns\ sIm√p-hm≥ At\z-jn-®Xv F¥p-sIm-≠mWv?

6. tbip-hn\v _m[-I-am-bn-cp∂ ]gb \nb-a-Ønse ssZh-{]-hr-Øn-IfpsS ]´nI Xøm-dm-°p-I.

7. \nXyPoh≥ Hcp h¿Ø-am-\-Ime bmYm¿∞y-amtWm AtXm `mhn {]Xo-£-bmtWm?

8. A¥y-\ym-b-hn[n {]hr-Øn-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emtWm AtXm hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-

emtWm? F¥p-sIm≠v?

112

Aøm-bn-csØ Aøm-bn-cw Aøm-bn-cw tbip Aøm-bnc A∏-Øns‚

t]mjn-∏n-°p-∂Xv t]mjn-∏n-°s∏ t]mjn-∏n-°s∏ sØ t]mjn∏n A¤pXw

Sp∂p Sp∂p °p∂p

6:1˛15 6:1˛14 6:1˛15 6:1˛6 6:1˛4

6:5˛15

6:7

6:8˛9

6:10˛13

6:14˛15

sh≈-Øn-t∑¬ tbip IS-en-t∑¬ tbip IS-en-t∑¬ tbip sh≈-Øn- tbip sh≈-Øn-

\S-°p∂p \S-°p∂p \S-°p∂p t∑¬ \S-°p∂p t∑¬ \S∂p Xs‚

injy-∑m-cpsS ASp

°¬ hcp∂p

6:16˛21 6:15˛21 6:16˛21 6:16˛21 6:16˛21

tbip Pohs‚ kz¿§-Øn¬ tbip, Pohs‚ P\w tbip-hns\ I^¿∂-lq-anse

A∏w \n∂p≈ A∏w A∏w At\z-jn-°p∂p ]≈n-bn¬sh-®p≈

kwhmZw

6:22˛33 6:22˛40 6:22˛24 6:22˛24 6:22˛27

6:25˛40 tbip Pohs‚

A∏w

6:25

6:26-˛27

6:28 6:28-˛40

6:29

6:30-˛31

6:32-˛33

6:34-˛40 6:34

kz¥-°m-cm¬ 5:18

X≈-s∏-Sp∂p 6:35-˛40

6:41-˛51 6:45-˛59 6:41-˛51 6:41-˛42 6:41-˛51

6:43-˛51

6:52-˛59 6:52-˛59 6:52 6:52-˛58

6:53-˛58

6:59 6:59-˛63

\nXy-Po-hs‚ At\I injy-∑m¿ \nXy-Po-hs‚

hN\ßƒ hn´p-t]m-Ip∂p hN-\-ßƒ

6:60-˛65 6:60-˛71 6:60-˛65 6:60

6:61-˛65

6:64-˛66

]s{Xm-kns‚

hnizm-k -{]Jym

]\w

6:66-˛71 6:66˛71 6:66˛67

6:67˛71

6:68˛69

6:70˛71



113














4. BZnbmbh

6:71 s‚ ]›m-Øe Dƒ°m-gvN-Iƒ

A. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-jw, 13- 17 A≤y-b-ß-fn¬ amfnI apdn-bnse kw`m-j-Whpw {]m¿∞-\bpw

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw I¿Øm-hns‚ AØm-g-sØ-°p-dn®v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂n-√. Cu Hgn-hm-°¬

a\x]q¿Δ-am-bn-cn-°mw. c≠mw \q‰m-≠nse k`, Iev]-\-Isf IqZm-i-Iƒ F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ ImWm-

\m-cw- n-®n-cp-∂p. Ahsb Ir]-bpsS am[y-a-ß-fmbn Ah¿ I≠p. tbip-hns‚ kv\m\sØbpw I¿Ør-

ta-i-sbbpw hnh-cn-°msX hnSp-∂Xn-eqsS IqZmim ho£-W-tØmSv tbml-∂m≥ {]Xn-I-cn-°p-I-bm-

bn-cn-°mw.

B. tbml-∂m≥ 6, Aøm-bn-csØ t]mjn-∏n® ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv F∂n´pw At\-I¿ CXns\ IqZm-i-

hm-Zn-I-fpsS ho£-WsØ ]Tn-∏n-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. tdma≥ ImtØm-en-°-cpsS hmkvXp-am‰

D]-tZ-i-Øns‚ Dd-hnSw CXmWv (hm. 53- 56).

A≤ymbw 6, I¿Ør-ta-i-tbmSv Fßs\ _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂ tNmZyw kphn-ti-j-ß-fpsS

Zzμz kz`m-hsØ ImWn-°p-∂p. kphn-ti-j-I≥ tbip-hns‚ hm°p-I-tfmSpw Pohn-X-tØmSpw _‘-

s∏-ń-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xt∂, Ah Zim-_vZ-ßƒ°p tijw Fgp-X-s∏-´-hbpw hy‡n-KX Fgp-Øp-Im-

cpsS hnizmkkaq-lsØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h-bp-am-Wv. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ aq∂p \ne-I-fn-ep≈ cN-

t\m-t±-iy-ap-≈Xmbn ImWmw.

1. Bflmhv

2. tbiphpw bYm¿∞ tIgvhn-°mcpw

3. kphn-tij cN-bn-Xm-°fpw Ah-cpsS hmb-\-°mcpw

Fß-s\-bm-sWm-cp-h≥ hymJym-\n-t°-≠Xv? AwKo-I-cn-°m-hp∂ GI coXn kμ¿`hpw hymI-c-Whpw

]Z-ßfpw A¿∞hpw Ncn-{X-]-›m-Ø-ehpw A\p-k-cn-®p-≈Xp am{X-am-Wv.

C. tIgvhn-°m¿ sblq-Zcpw kmwkvIm-cnI ]›m-Øew ainlm kq∏¿˛tamsi Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂ d∫n

{]Xo-£-Ifpw (H.-t\m. hm. 30-˛31) ˛ hnti-jm¬ ""a∂m'' t]mse-bp≈ acp-`q-an-bm{X A\p-`-h-ß-

tfmSp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ˛ F∂Imcyw \mw Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv. d∫n-am¿ CXn\p sXfn-hmbn k¶o. 72:16

D]-tbm-Kn-°pw. tbip-hns‚ Akm-[m-cW {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ (H.-t\m.- hm. 60- 62,66) P\-Øns‚ sX‰mb

ain-sslI {]Xo-£-Isf Xncp-Øm-\p-t±-in-®p≈Xmbn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 14- 15).

D. Cu `mKw I¿Øm-hns‚ AØm-gsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ BZna k`m-]n-Xm-°ƒ

F√m-hcpw tbmPn-®n-cp-∂n-√. Ae-Ivkm-{≠n-b-bnse ¢a‚ v, Hmdn-K≥, bqko-_n-bkv F∂n-h¿ Cu

thZ- m-K-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ N¿®-bn¬ Hcn-°¬t]mepw I¿Øm-hns‚ AØm-g-sØ-°p-dn®p kqNn-∏n-®n-

ń-√.

E. Cu thZ- m-KØv D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈ kmZr-iy-ßƒ tbml-. 4 ¬ ""InW-‰n-¶se kv{XotbmSv'' kwkm-cn-

°m≥ tbip D]-tbm-Kn® hm°p-I-tfmSv hfsc kmay-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. ùanI sh≈hpw A∏hpw \nXy-

Po-h-s‚bpw BflnI bmYm¿∞y-ß-fp-tSbpw kmZr-iy-ß-fmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

F. \mep kphn-ti-j-ß-fnepw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈ GI A¤pXw ]pcp-jm-csØ t]mjn-∏n® Cu

114

kw -h-amWv (a-Øm. 14:13- 21; a¿s°m. 6:32- 44; eqs°m. 9:10- 17)!

G. ssa°nƒ amKn¬ Xs‚ \yqsS-Ã-sa‚ v {Sm≥kvsse≥ F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬, I^¿∂-lq-anse hyXykvX

kaq-l-ßsfbpw tbip-hns‚ sR´n-∏n-°p∂ hm°p-I-tfmSp≈ Ah-cpsS _‘-sØbpw Ipd-n®v ck-

I-c-amb \nco-£Ww \S-Øp-∂p-≠v.

1. ]pcp-jm-cw, hm. 24

2. sblq-Z-∑m¿, hm. 41,52

3. injy-∑m¿, hm. 60,66

4. ]¥n-cp-h¿, hm. 67

tbip ^e-{]-Z-ambn

1. Xm\-hsc t]mjn-∏n® Imc-W-Øm¬ Xs∂ cmPm-hm-°m-\p≈ ]pcp-jm-c-Øns‚ {iasØ XS™p

(6:15)

2. Xs‚ hnπ-hm-fl-Ihpw hy‡n-]-c-hp-amb Ah-ImihmZ-ß-fm¬ sblqZ t\Xr-XzsØ sh√p-hn-

fn-®p

3. D]-cn-π-h-ambn Xs∂ ]n¥p-S¿∂-h¿ aS-ßn-t∏m-Im≥ CS-h-cp-Øn

4. ]¥n-cp-h-cpsS `mKØv XpS-cp-∂Xpw Bg-ap-≈-Xp-amb hnizm-ksØ kw_-‘n® Hcp {]kvXm-

h\ sXmSpØp hn´p (6:68- 69)

]Z, ssien ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 6:1˛14

1A\¥cw tbip Xns_cymkv F∂ Keoe°Sens‚ A°sc°p t]mbn 2Ah≥ tcmKnIfn¬

sNøp∂ ASbmfßsf I≠n´p Hcp henb ]pcpjmcw Ahs‚ ]n∂mse sN∂p. 3tbip aebn¬

Ibdn injy∑mtcmSp IqsS AhnsS Ccp∂p. 4sblqZ∑mcpsS s]kls]cp∂mƒ ASpØncp∂p.5tbip hentbmcp ]pcpjmcw Xs‚ ASp°¬ hcp∂Xp I≠n´p ^nens∏mknt\mSp: Ch¿°p

Xn∂phm≥ \mw FhnsS\n∂p A∏w hmßpw F∂p tNmZn®p. 6CXp Ahs\ ]co£n∏m\t{X

tNmZn®Xp: Xm≥ F¥p sNbvhm≥ t]mIp∂p F∂p Xm≥ Adn™ncp∂p. 7^nens∏mkv Aht\mSp:

HmtcmcpØ∂p Aev]aev]w e`nt°≠Xn∂p Ccp\qdp ]WØn∂p A∏w aXnbmIbn√ F∂p

DØcw ]d™p. 8injy∑mcn¬ HcpØ\mb intam≥]s{Xmkns‚ ktlmZc\mb As{¥bmkv9Aht\mSp: ChnsS Hcp _meI≥ D≠p; Ahs‚ ]°¬ A©p bhØ∏hpw c≠p ao\pw D≠p;

F¶nepw C{Xt]¿°p AXp F¥p≈p F∂p ]d™p. 10BfpIsf CcpØphn≥ F∂p tbip ]d™p.

B ÿeØp hfsc ]p√p≠mbncp∂p; AømbnctØmfw ]pcpj∑m¿ Ccp∂p. 11]ns∂ tbip

A∏w FSpØp hmgvØn, Ccp∂h¿°p ]¶n´psImSpØp; Aßs\ Xt∂ ao\pw th≠pthmfw

sImSpØp. 12Ah¿°p Xr]vXnbmbtijw Ah≥ injy∑mtcmSp: tijn® IjWw H∂pw \„am

°msX tiJcn∏n≥ F∂p ]d™p. 13A©p bhØ∏Øn¬, Xn∂p tijn® IjWw Ah¿ tiJcn

®p; ]{¥≠psIm´ \nds®SpØp. 14Ah≥ sNbvX ASbmfw BfpIƒ I≠n´p: temIØnte°p

hcphm\p≈ {]hmNI≥ Ch≥ BIp∂p kXyw F∂p ]d™p.

6:1 ""Xns_-cymkv F∂ Keo-e-°-S-ens‚'' Cu Pem-ibw a‰-t\Iw t]cn-\m¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]gb \nb-a-

Øn¬ CXv Ins∂-tcØv F∂p hnfn-°-s∏´p (H. t\m. kwJy. 34:11). eqs°mkv 5:1 ¬ Kt∂-k-scØv XSmIw

F∂pw tbml. 21:1 ¬ tdma≥ \ma-amb Xns_-cymkv IS¬ F∂pw hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. CSbv°p tN¿Ø `mKw

Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n] Ipdn∏v BWv. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw ]e-kvXo\p ]pd-Øp-≈-h¿°p

th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂nXp kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (H. t\m. 6:4,6,64,71).

6:2 ]pcp-jmcw Ahs\ A\p-K-an-®-Xns‚ ImcWw {i≤n-°p-I.

6:3 Xs‚ i_vZw D®-Øn¬ tIƒ°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n {]Ir-Xn-ZØ D®- m-jnWn D]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn sh≈-Øn-

\-`n-ap-J-ambn ae-ta¬ Ccp∂v tbip- kw-km-cn-®p. ""Ccp∂p'' F∂ hkvXpX kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv CX-hs‚

injy-∑m-tcm-sSm-Øp≈ Hu]-Nm-cnI ]T-\-¢m- m-bn-cp∂p F∂m-Wv. aØm. 5˛7 set∏m-se-bp≈ Hcp tamssiI

]›m-Øew Hcp-°m-\p-t±-in-®mtWm ae Xnc-s™-Sp-ØXv Fs∂m-cp-h≥ A¤p-X-s∏-t -°mw.

Cu ssZ¿Ly-ta-dnb ]T\ ktΩ-f-\-ß-fn¬ tbip- ]-e-t∏mgpw P\-°q- Ønse hnhn[ Iq -ßsf A`n-

kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Ahs\ hebw sNbvXv Ahs‚ Im¬®p-h- n¬ ]¥ncp-h¿ Ccp-∂n-cn-°mw. Ah¿°-

∏p-dØv BImw-£m-`-cn-X-cmb [\n-Icpw km[m-c-W-°mcpw AS-ßp∂ ""tZisØ P\w,'' sNdnb Iq´-ß-

fmbn aX-t\-Xm-°ƒ (]coi-∑m¿, imkv{Xnam¿, kZq-Iy¿, Hcp-]t£ Ft -\y-cpw).

115

6:4 ""sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS s]k-l-s]-cp-∂mƒ'' tbip-hns‚ ]cky ip{iq-j-bpsS ssZ¿Lyw \n¿Æ-bn-°m-

\p≈ GIam¿§w tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®n-´p≈ s]k-l-I-fmWv (H-∂m-a-tØ-Xv, 2:13;

c≠m-a-tØXv, 6:4; aq∂-a-tØXv, 11:55 & 13:1). tbml. 5:1 Hcp s]klsb BWp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬

\ap°p Ipd-™Xv aq∂c h¿jsØ As√-¶n¬ \mep-h¿jsØ ]cky ip{iq-j-bpsS sXfnhp e`n-°pw.

tbip-hns‚ PohnXsØ°p-dn®v \ap-°-dn-bm-Ø-Xmbn [mcmfw Imcy-ß-fp-ap≠v (H. t\m. 20:30; 21:25).

6:6 ""CXp Ahs\ ]co-£n-∏m-\t{X tNmZn-®Xv'' ""]co-£n-°pI'' F∂-Xn-\n-hnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

{Ko°p ]Z-Øn\v (s]-bvdm-Uvtkm˛peirazw) km[m-c-W-bmbn Hcp s\K-‰ohv A¿∞-am-Wp-≈Xv (1 tbml.

4:1 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw ImWp-I, H.-t\m. aØm. 4:1). B[p-\nI hymJym-le°ƒ ]pXnb \nba

hm°p-Isf Hcp \n¿h-N-\-Øn-te°v HXp°n \n¿Øp∂p F∂-Xns\ ImWn-°p∂ \√ Hcp DZm-l-c-W-am-Wn-

Xv. sImbvt\ -{Ko-°n\v ¢mkn-°¬ {Ko°n¬ \n∂pw D≠m-bn-cp∂ hymI-c-W-]-chpw `mjm-]-c-hp-amb hyXym-

k-ßƒ \jvS-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p (H. t\m. 5:20 se hni-Zo-I-cW Ipdn-∏v).

tbip ^nen-s∏m-kns\ ]co-£-bm-bn-cp-∂p, ]t£ Fßs\?

1. ZmXm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ tbip-hn-ep≈ Ahs‚ hnizm-ksØ?

2. Ahs‚ ]gb \nba ⁄m\sØ (H.-t\m.- kwJy. 11:13, Blmcw \¬Ip-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v tamsi

ssZhsØ tNmZyw sNbvX hnj-b-Øn¬)

3. ]pcp-jm-csØ°pdn-®p≈ Ahs‚ Icp-Xepw DXvIWvTbpw kw_-‘n®v?

6:7

NASB, NKJV, JB ""Ccp-\qdv ]Ww hne-bp≈''

NRSV ""Bdp-am-ksØ Iqen''

TEV ""Ccp-\qdv sh≈n-\m-Wbw''

Hcp ]Ww Iqen-°m-c-s‚bpw (H.-t\m. aØm. 20:2) ]S-bm-fn-bp-sSbpw Hcp Znh-ksØ Iqen-bm-bn-cp∂p.

Ccp-\qdp ]Ww Hcp h¿jsØ iº-f-Øns‚ aq∂n¬ c≠p- `m-K-am-bn-cp-∂p.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: tbip-hns‚ ImeØv

]e-kvXo-\n¬ \ne-hn-en-cp∂ \mW-b-ßƒtbip ^nen-s∏m-kns\ ]co-£-bm-bn-cp-∂p, ]t£ Fßs\?

I. sNºp \mW-b-ßƒ

A. sJ¿am ˛ sNdnb aqeyw (\mW-bw, H.-t\m. tbml. 2:15)

B. Jm¬tJmkv ˛ sNdnb aqeyw (H.-t\m. aØm. 10:9; a¿s°m. 12:41)

C. A m-cn-tbm¨ ˛ 1/16 Zn\m-dn-tbmkv aqey-ap≈ Hcp tdma≥ sNºp \mWbw (H.-t\m. aØm.

10:29)

D. sIm{Um-s‚kv ˛ 1/64 Zn\m-dn-tbmkv aqey-ap≈ Hcp tdma≥ sNºp \mWbw (H.-t\m. aØm. 5:26)

E. se]vt‰m¨ ˛ 1/128 Zn\m-dn-tbmkv aqey-ap≈ Hcp sblqZ sNºp \mWbw (H.-t\m. a¿s°m.

12:42; eqs°m. 21:2)

F. Izm{Um≥kv/^m¿ØnwKv ˛ sNdnb aqey-ap≈ Hcp tdma≥ sNºp\mWbw (H.-t\m. aØm. 10:29)

II. sh≈n \mW-b-ßƒ

A. B¿Kq-tdmkv (""sh-≈n-\m-Wbw-'') ˛ sNºv, ]n®f \mW-b-sØ-°mfpw aqey-ap≈Xv (\mW-bw,

H.-t\m. aØm. 10:9; 26:15)

B. Zn\m-dntbmkv ˛ Hcp Znh-ksØ Iqen aqey-ap≈ tdma≥ sh≈n-\m-Wbw (sh≈n-°m-iv, H.-t\m.

aØm. 18:28; a¿s°m. 6:37)

C. {Z“ ˛ Zn\m-dn-tbmkn\p X° aqey-ap≈ {Ko°p sh≈n \mWbw (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 15:9)

D. Zzn{Z“˛ 1/2 sblqZ tis°en\p Xpey-amb {Z“-bpsS Cc´n (H.-t\m. aØm. 17:24)

E. tÃ‰¿˛N-Xp¿{Z“ ˛ 4 Zn\m-dn-tbmkv aqey-ap≈ sh≈n \mWbw (H.-t\m. aØm. 17:27)

III. kz¿Æ \mW-b-ßƒ ˛ {Iqtkmkv (""kz¿Æ-\m-W-b-ßƒ'') ˛ G‰hpw aqey-ap-≈h (H.-t\m. aØm.

10:9).

IV. Xq°-ßƒ°p≈ s]mXp-hmb ]Z-ßƒ

A. av\m ˛ em‰n≥ an\m, 100 Zn\m-dn°p Xpey-amb Xq°w (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 19:13).

B. ‰me-t‚m¨ ˛ Xme¥v ˛ {Ko°v Xq° Afhv (H.-t\m. aØm. 18:24; 25:15,16,20,24,25,28)

1. sh≈n aqeyw 6,000 Zn\mdn

2. kz¿Æw aqeyw 1,80,000 Zn\mdn

C. tis°¬ ˛ ]gb-\n-ba sblqZ sh≈n Xq°w (H.-t\m. Dev]. 23:15; 37:28; ]pd. 21:32)

1. ]nw ˛ 2/3 tis°¬

116

2. s_°m ˛ 1/2 tis°¬

3. tKcm ˛ 1/20 tis°¬

henb Af-hp-Iƒ

1. amt\ ˛ 50 tis°¬

2. In°m¿ ˛ 3,000 -ti-s°¬

6:8˛9 ""intam≥ ]s{Xm-kns‚ ktlm-Z-c-\mb As{¥-bmkv'' tbip-hns‚ Ign-hnepw Bf-Xz-Øn-ep-ap≈

As{¥-bm-kns‚ tIhe hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw B{i-b-Øn-s‚bpw at\m-l-c-amb Hcp Nn{X-amWv Cu kμ¿`w.

6:9 ""bh-Ø∏w'' G‰hpw hne-Ip-d-™Xpw Bcpw B{K-ln-°m-Ø-Xp-amb A∏-am-Wn-Xv. Zcn-{Z-cpsS `£-W-

am-bn-cp∂p CXv. hne IqSnb `£Ww \¬Im≥ tbip Xs‚ i‡n D]-tbm-Kn-®n-√.

6:10 ""Bfp-Isf Ccp-Øp-hn≥'' Cu kwkvIm-c-Øn-ep≈ Bfp-Iƒ H∂p-In¬ Xd-bn¬ Ccpt∂m As√-¶n¬

""U'' BIrXnbnep≈ Dbcw Ipd™ tai-bn¬ Nmcn-bn-cpt∂m BWv `£n-®n-cp-∂-Xv.

� ""B ÿeØp hfsc ]p√p-≠m-bn-cp∂p'' CsXmcp As∏m-kvX-enI ZrIvkm£n (]-{Xm-[n-]) hnh-c-W-

amWv.

� ""Aøm-bn-c-tØmfw ]pcp-j-∑m¿ Ccp∂p'' Ahn-sS- AXn-ep-a-[nIw Bfp-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ ""Aøm-

bn-csØ t]mjn-∏n-°¬'' F∂v C-Xns\ hnfn-°p-∂Xv XnI®pw sX‰m-Wv. Aøm-bncw F∂Xv Hcp kpam¿

IW°pw ]pcp-j-∑msc am{Xw Ipdn-°p-∂Xpw (A-XmbXv 13 hb pw AXn\p apI-fn-epw) BWv. CXn¬

kv{XoI-sfbpw Ipń-I-sfbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-ń-√ (H.-t\m. aØm. 14:21). F¶nepw F{X kv{XoIfpw Ipń-

Ifpw ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cn-°pw, As√-¶n¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ km[y-X-bp≠v F∂p Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-hn√ (H.-t\m.

aØm. 14:21).

6:11 ""A∏w FSpØp hmgvØn, Ccp-∂-h¿°p ]¶n- p-sIm-SpØp'' h¿≤-\-hns‚ A¤pXw tbip-hns‚ Ic-

ß-fn¬ sh®mImw kw -hn-®-Xv. sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS ain-sslI {]Xo-£-bpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬, tamsi a∂m

\¬In-b-Xp-t]mse tbip Blmcw \¬Ip∂p F∂ {]Xo-£n-°-s∏´ AS-bm-f-amImw Cu kw -hw.

""hmgvØpI'' F∂-Xn-\p≈ {Ko°p ]Zw (bp-°m-dn-sÃ-tbm ˛ eucaristew) ]n∂oSv A¥y AØm-g-

Øns‚ t]cmbn (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 11:23- 24). `mhnbnse Cu kmt¶-XnI \n¿h-N\w a\- n¬ sh®mtWm

tbml-∂m≥ CXn-hnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®Xv? CXc kphn-ti-j-ßƒ bp°m-dn-Ãns‚ kqN-\-Iƒ C√mØ as‰mcp

]Z-amWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv (bq-tem-sKtbm˛eulogew, H.-t\m. aØm. 14:19; a¿s°m. 6:41). Ah¿ bq°m-dn-

sÃtbm F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw (H.-t\m. aØm. 15:36; a¿s°m. 8:6; eqs°m. 17:16; 18:11) A¥y-

A-Øm-g-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-e-√. amfnI apdn-bnse tbip-hns‚ kvtXm{X-{]m¿∞-\-bnepw Ah¿ AtX

]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v (H.-t\m.- aØm 26:27; a¿s°m. 14:23; eqs°m. 22:17- 19). AXp-sIm≠v D]-tbmKw sFI-

cq-]y-ap-≈-X-√m-bvI-bm¬, ]n¬°me hmb-\-°m¿ CXns\ I¿Ør-ta-i-bpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-

°m-\p--t±-in-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Xs‚ kqN-\-Isf IqSp-X¬ IrXy-X-bp-≈-Xm-°m≥ tbml-∂m≥ Dt±-in-®n-cn-°mw.

6:12 ""\jvS-am-°msX'' 10:10 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: At∏m-√pan ImWp-I.

6:13 ""Ah¿ tiJ-cn®p ]{¥≠p sIm´ \nd-s®-SpØp'' ""sIm´'' F∂ ]Zw ChnsS h≈n-sIm-≠p-ff henb

IqSsb BWp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. h¿≤n-∏n® `£Ww H´pw \jvS-am-°m≥ tbip B{K-ln-®n√. A∏-Øns‚

{]Ir-XsØ (C-\w) Ah≥ am‰n-b-Xp-an-√.

""]{¥≠v'' F∂-Xn\v Fs¥-¶nepw {]Xo-Im-flI A¿∞-apt≠m? Dd-∏n®p ]d-bm≥ {]bm-k-am-Wv. bn{km-

tb¬ tKm{X-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-WXv F∂pw (tbip ]gb \nb-asØ Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p) As√-¶n¬

Hmtcm injy\v Hmtcm sIm -hoXw (tbip Xs‚ injy-∑msc Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS Bh-iy-ßƒ

\n¿h-ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p) \¬Ip∂p F∂pw hymJym-\-ß-fp-≠v. F∂m¬ CXv tIhew Hcp ZrIvkm£n

\¬Ip∂ hni-Zmw-i-amWv (hm. 19 se t]mse.)

{]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: ]{¥≠v F∂ kwJy]{¥-≠v Ft∏m-gpw Hcp {]Xo-Im-flI kwJymK-WamWv

A. ss__n-fn\p ]pdØv

1. ]{¥≠v cmin-N-{I-ßƒ

2. ]{¥≠v amk-ßƒ

B. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ (BDB 1040 plus 797)1. bmt°m-_ns‚ ]p{X-∑m¿ (sb-lqZ tKm{X-ßƒ)

117

2. {]Xn-^-en-∏n°-s∏-´ncn°p-∂Xv

a. ]pd. 24:4 se bmK-]o-T-Øn¶se ]{¥≠p XqWp-Iƒ

b. ]pd. 28:21 se alm-]p-tcm-ln-Xs‚ am¿]-X-°-Ønse ]{¥≠p cXv\-ßƒ (tKm-{X-ßsf

{]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv)

c. tehy. 24:5 se kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-Ønse hnip-≤-ÿ-eØv sh®n-cn-°p∂ ]{¥≠p ImgvN-

b∏w

d. kwJy. 13 se I\m≥ H‰p-t\m-°m≥ Ab-bv°-s∏´ 12 t]¿ (Hmtcm tKm{X-Øn\pw Hcmƒho-

Xw)

e. kwJy. 17:2 se tImc-lns‚ a’cw \nanØw sh® ]{¥≠v hSn-Iƒ

f. tbmip. 4:3,9,20 ¬ tbmip-h-bpsS ]{¥≠p I√pIƒ

g. 1 cmPm. 4:7 ¬ item-tams‚ ]{¥≠p `cW {]hn-iy-Iƒ

h. 1 cmPm. 18:31 ¬ Geo-bmhv btlm-sh°p ]WnX bmK-]o-T-Ønse ]{¥≠p I√pIƒ

B. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬

1. Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ ]{¥≠v As∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿

2. aØm. 14:20 se ]{¥≠v sIm´ A∏w (Hmtcm As∏m-kvX-e\pw H∂p hoXw)

3. aØm. 19:28 se ]pXnb \nba injy-∑m¿ Ccn-°p∂ ]{¥≠v knwlm-k-\-ßƒ (]{¥≠v

bn{km-tb¬ tKm-{X-ßsf {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv)

4. aØm. 26:53 tbip-hns\ c£n-°p∂ 12 setKym≥ ZqX-∑m¿

5. shfn-∏m-Snse {]Xo-I-ßƒ

a. 24 knwlm-k-\-ß-fn¬ 24 aq∏-∑m¿, 4:4

b. 1,44,000 (12 x 12,000), 7:4; 14:1,3

c. kv{XobpsS Inco-S-Ønse ]{¥≠v \£-{X-ßƒ, 12:1

d. 12 tKm]p-c-ßƒ, ]{¥≠v tKm{X-ßsf {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p∂ ]{¥≠v ZqX-∑m¿, 21:12

e. ]pXnb sbcq-i-te-anse cXv\-ßƒ sIm≠p≈ ]{¥≠v ASn-ÿm-\-ßƒ, Ah-bn¬

]{¥≠v As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ, 21:14

f. ]{¥≠v \qdp \mgnI (]p-Xnb sbcq-i-te-ans‚ hen-∏w), 21:16

g. 1 cmPm. 4:7 ¬ item-tams‚ ]{¥≠p `cW {]hn-iy-Iƒ

h. apØp-sIm-≠p≈ ]{¥≠v tKm]p-cw, 21:21

i. ]{¥≠p hn[w ^ew Imbv°p∂ ]pXnb sbcq-i-te-anse hr£-ßƒ, 22:2

6:14 ""{]hm-N-I≥'' Bh. 18:15- 22 se ain-sslI kqN-\sb°pdn-®m-WnXv (H.-t\m. {]hr. 3:22; 7:37). ]pcp-

jmcw tbip-hns‚ i‡nsb Xncn-®-dn™p F¶nepw Ahs‚ ZuXy-Øn-s‚bpw AS-bm-f-ß-fp-sSbpw kz`m-

hsØ sX‰n-≤-cn-®p.

tbml-∂m≥ 6:15

15Ah¿ h∂p Xs∂ ]nSn®p cmPmhm°phm≥ `mhn°p∂p F∂p tbip Adn™n´p ]ns∂bpw

X\n®p aebnte°p hmßnt∏mbn.

6:15 `£Ww \¬Ip∂ ain-sslI A¤pXw tbip sNøp-∂Xp I≠ ]pcp-jmcw Bth-i- -cn-X-cm-bn. Cu

hmIyw aØm. 4:3 se ]nim-Nns‚ ]co-£-tbmSp _‘n-∏n-°-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

tbml-∂m≥ 6:16- 21

16k‘ybmbt∏mƒ injy∑m¿ ISev]pdtØ°p Cdßn. 17]SIpIbdn ISe°sc I^¿∂lq

ante°p bm{Xbmbn; Ccp´mbtijhpw tbip AhcpsS ASp°¬ h∂ncp∂n√. 18sImSp¶m‰p

ASn°bm¬ IS¬ tIm]n®p. 19Ah¿ \me©p \mgnI ZqctØmfw hen®tijw tbip ISent∑¬

\S∂p ]SInt\mSp kao]n°p∂Xp I≠p t]Sn®p. 20Ah≥ AhtcmSp: Rm≥ BIp∂p; t]Snt°≠m

F∂p ]d™p. 21Ah¿ Ahs\ ]SIn¬ Ib‰phm≥ C—n®p. DSs\ ]SIp Ah¿ t]mIp∂ tZiØp

FØnt∏mbn.

6:17 ""I^¿∂lqw'' Xs‚ P∑-ÿ-e-amb \k-tdØv \nhm-kn-I-fpsS Ahn-izmkw \nanØw I^¿∂-lq-

ans\ tbip Keo-en-b-bnse Xs‚ {]h¿Ø\ tI{μ-am-°n-bn-cp∂p (H. t\m. eqs°m. 4:28- 29).

118

6:19 ""Ah¿ \mep A©p \mgnI Zqc-tØmfw hen-®-tijw'' Ah¿ XSm-I-Øns‚ ]IpXn Zqcw FØn-b-

t∏m-gmWv tbip sh≈-Øn-t∑¬ \S∂v Ah-cpsS ASp-°-se-Øn-bXv. ]s{Xmkv tbip-hns‚ ASp-tØ°v

sh≈-Øn-t∑¬ \S∂p sN∂-Xv Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v aØmbn Cu kw`hw hn]p-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

� ""Ah¿ .... I≠p t]Sn®p'' injy-∑m¿ Ct∏mgpw tbip-hns\ `qan-bnse \ne-hm-c-Øn-emWv Af-°p-∂Xv.

injy-∑m-cpsS `bsØ a¿s°m. 6:49 ¬ {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu ""AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS'' BsI-ØpI Ah≥

Bcm-sW∂v ho≠pw Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ Ahsc t{]cn-∏n-®p.

6:20 ""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' CXv B£cn-I-ambn (FtKm Fbvan) ]gb \nba-Ønse ssZh-Øns‚ DS-º-Sn \ma-

amb ]pd. 3:12- 15 se btlmh F∂ ""Rm≥ BIp-∂-h≥ Rm\m-Ip∂p'' BWv (H.-t\m. 4:26; 2:24,28, 54 -59;

13:19; 18:5- 6). tbip ssZh-Øns‚ kºq¿Æ shfn-∏m-Spw, PUw [cn® ssZh-Øns‚ temtKmkpw (h-N-\w)

GI kXy]p{X\pw Bb "Zri-amb ""Rm≥ BIp-∂p-h≥'' BWv. XmgsØ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-j-b-Ønse

D ImWp-I.

{]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: ssZhnI \ma-ßƒA. G¬ (BDB 42, KB 48)

1. ssZh-Øn-\p-ff s]mXp-hmb ]pcm-X\ \ma-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ A¿∞w \n›-b-an-√, F¶nepw

At\I ]WvUn-X-∑m¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv AXv ""_e-hm-\m-bn-cn-°pI'' AYhm ""i‡-\m-bn-cn-

°pI'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ At°m-Un-b≥ aqe-Øn¬ \n∂pw D≠m-b-Xm-sW-∂mWv (H.-t\m. Dev].

17:1; kwJy 23:19; Bh. 7:21; k¶o. 50:1)

2. I\m\y tZh-K-W-Øn¬ D∂-X-tZ-h≥ G¬ BWv (dmjv i{am ]mT-ßƒ)

3. ss__n-fn¬ G¬ km[m-c-W-bmbn a‰p ]Z-ß-fp-ambn kwtbm-Pn-∏n-®mWv ]d-bm-dp-≈Xv. Cu

kwbp-‡-ßƒ ssZh-Øns‚ kz`m-hsØ hnti-jn-∏n-°p∂ am¿§-ambn amdn.

a. G¬- -F-teym≥ (A-Xyp-∂X ssZhw, BDB 42 & 909), Dev]. 14:18- 22; Bh. 32:8; sbi. 14:14

b. G¬-˛-tcmbn (""ImWp∂ ssZhw,'' AYhm ""kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ssZhw'' BDB 42 &909), Dev]. 16:13

c. G¬- -j±mbn (""k¿Δ-i-‡-\mb ssZhw,'' ""k¿Δm-izm-k-ßfpsSbpw ssZhw'' AYhm ""]¿h-

X-ß-fpsS ssZhw'' BDB 42 & 994), Dev]. 17:1; 35:11; 43:14; 49:25; ]pd. 6:3

d. G¬- -Hemw (\nXy-\mb ssZhw, BDB 42 & 761), Dev]. 21:33. Cu \maw Zmho-Zn-t\m-Sp≈

ssZh-Øns‚ hmKvZ-Ø-hp-ambn ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p, 2 i-aq. 7:13,16

e. G¬- -s_coØv (""DS-º-Sn-bpsS ssZhw'', BDB 42 & 136), \ymbm. 9:46

4. G¬ s\ Xpey-\mbn Nn{XoI-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p:

a. btlm-h, k¶o. 85:8; sbi. 42:5 ¬

b. Ftem-low, Dev]. 46:3; Ctøm. 5:8 ¬ ""Rm≥ G¬ BIp∂p; \ns‚ ]nXm-hns‚ G¬

Xt∂''

c. j±mbn, Dev]. 49:25 ¬

d. ""Xo£vWX'' ]pd. 34:14; Bh. 4:24; 5:9; 6:15 ¬

e. ""IcpW'' Bh. 4:31; s\sl. 9:31 ¬

f. ""hen-b-h\pw `b-¶-c\pw'' Bh. 7:21; 10:17; s\sl. 1:5; 9:32; Zm\o. 9:4 ¬

g. ""⁄m\w'' 1 iaq. 2:3 ¬

h. ""Fs‚ _e-ap≈ kt¶Xw'' 2 iaq. 22:33 ¬

i. ""Fs‚ {]Xn-Im-c-I≥'' 2 iaq. 22:48 ¬

j. ""]cn-ip-≤≥'' sbi. 5:16 ¬

k. ""i‡n'' sbi. 10:21 ¬

l. ""Fs‚ c£'' sbi. 12:2 ¬

m. ""al-Xzhpw h√- Xzpw'' bnsc. 32:18 ¬

n. ""{]Xn-Im-c-I≥'' bnsc. 51:56 ¬

5. ssZh-Øn\p ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ ImWp∂ F√m {][m\ t]cp-I-fp-sSbpw kwbp‡w tbmiph

22:22 ImWmw (G¬, Ftem-low, btlm-h, Bh¿Øn-®n-cn-°p-∂p)

B. Fteym≥ (BDB 751, KB 832)1. CXns‚ ASn-ÿm\ A¿∞w ""Db¿∂-Xv,'' ""D∂-X-am-bXv'' AYhm ""Db¿Ø-s∏- -h≥'' (H.-t\m.

Dev]. 40:17; 1 cmPm. 9:8; 2 cmPm. 18:17; s\sl. 3:25; bnsc. 20:2; 36:10; k¶o. 18:13).

2. CXv ssZh-Øns‚ a‰-t\I \ma-ßƒ°v kam-¥-c-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p

119

a. Ftemlow ˛ k¶o. 47:1˛2; 73:11; 107:11

b. btlmh ˛ Dev]. 14:22; 2 iaq. 22:14

c. G¬˛j±mbn ˛ k¶o. 91:1,9

d. G¬ ˛ kwJy. 24:16

e. Gem ˛ Zm\o-tb¬ 2˛6, F{km 4˛7 epw an°-t∏mgpw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p, Zm\o. 3:26; 4:2;

5:18,21 ¬ C√m-bn¿ (""D-∂X ssZhw'' F∂-Xn-\p≈ Acmay ]Zw) F∂-Xn-t\mSp tN¿Øv.

3. bn{km-tb-ey-c-√m-Ø-hcpw Cu ]Zw ]e-t∏mgpw D]-b-Kn-®n- p-≠v.

a. a¬°o-tk-sZ-°v, Dev]. 14:18˛22

b. _nse-bmw, kwJy. 24:16

c. tamsi, PmXn-I-sf-°p-dn®p ]d-bp-tºmƒ, Bh. 32:8

d. PmXn-Iƒ°p-th≠n Fgp-Xnb eqs°m-kns‚ kphn-tijw {Ko°p kam-\-]-Z-amb lp]vkn-

tÃmkv D]tbm-Kn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 1:32,35,76; 6:35; 8:28; {]hr. 7:48; 16:17)

C. Ftemlow (_-lp-h-N-\w), Ftemlv (G-I-h-N-\w) {][m-\-ambpw Ihn-X-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p (BDB43, KB 52)1. ]gb \nb-a-Øn\p shfn-bn¬ Cu ]Zw ImWp-∂n-√.

2. CXv bn{km-tb-ens‚ ssZh-sØtbm PmXn-I-fpsS tZh-∑m-sctbm kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p (H.-t\m. ]pd.

12:12; 20:3). A{_m-lm-ans‚ IpSpw_w _lp-ssZh hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p (H.-t\m.- tbm-ip. 24:2).

3. CXv bn{km-tbey \ymbm-[n-]-∑msc kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p (H.-t\m. ]pd. 21:6; k¶o. 82:6).

4. Ftemlow F∂ ]Zw CXc Bflob Pohn-Iƒ°pw (Zq-X-∑m¿, ]nim-Np-°ƒ) Bh¿Ø-\-Øn¬

D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v (B-h. 32:8; k¶o. 8:5; Ctøm. 1:6; 38:7).

5. ss__n-fn¬ ssZh-Øn-\p≈ BZy \ma-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. Dev]. 1:1). Dev]. 2:4 ¬ AXv btlm-h-

tbmSp tN¿Øp ]d-bp-∂p. AXv ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn (ssZ-h-im-kv{X-]-c-am-bn) ssZhsØ {kjvSm-

hv, ]cn-]m-e-I≥, Cu {Kl-Ønse apgp-h≥ Poh-s‚bpw ZmXmhv F∂o \ne-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-

∂p (Hm.-t\m. k¶o. 104).

G¬ F∂-Xns‚ ]cym-b-am-bn´pw CXp-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. Bh. 32:15- 19). btlm-hbv°p

kam-¥-c-am-bn´pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p ˛ k¶o¿Ø\w 14 (F-tem-lnw) k¶o. 53 (b-tlm-h) F∂nh

ssZhnI \ma-ß-fnse hyXymkw HgnsI Hcp-t]m-se-bm-Wv.

6. CXp _lp-h-N-\hpw, CXc tZh-∑m¿°p-th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂XpamsW¶nepw an°-t∏mgpw

bn{km-tb-ens‚ ssZh-sØ-bmWv Ipdn-°p-∂Xv. CXp _lp-h-N-\-am-sW-¶nepw km[m-c-W-bmbn

GI-ssZh kqN\ \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn CXn-t\m-sSm∏w GI-h-N-\ -{In-b-bmWp]tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≈Xv.

7. bn{km-tb-ey¿ A√m-Ø-hcpw ssZh-Øns‚ t]cmbn Cu ]Zw D≤-cn-®n- p-≠v.

a. a¬°o-tk-sZ-°v, Dev]. 14:18˛22

b. _nse-bmw, kwJy. 24:2

c. tamsi, PmXn-I-sf-°p-dn®p ]d-bp-tºmƒ, Bh. 32:8

8. bn{km-tb-ens‚ GI ssZh-Øns‚ \maw _lp-h-N-\-am-sW∂Xv Akm-[m-c-W-amWv. Dd-∏mb

\nKa-\-Øn-se-Øm-\m-hn-s√-¶nepw AXp kw_-‘n® kn≤m-¥-ßƒ Ch-bm-Wv.

a. F{_mb `mj-bn¬ Du∂-en\pth≠n _lp-h-N\w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xp km[m-c-Wam-Wv. CXn-

t\mSv G‰hpw ASpØp \n¬°p-∂Xv F{_m-b-bnse ]n¬°me hymI-cW khn-ti-j-X-

bmb ""Hu∂-Xy-Øns‚ _lp-h-N\w'' BWv. Hcp k¶-ev]sØ Db¿Øn ImWn-°m≥ _lp-

h-N\w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ coXn-bm-WnXv.

b. ssZhw kz¿§-Øn¬ Xs‚ B⁄bv°p Iogvs∏-Sp-∂-h-tcm-sSm∏w \S-Øp-∂ ZqX Btem-N\

k`sb BImw CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (Hm. t\m. 1 cmPm. 22:19- 23; Ctøm. 1:6; k¶o. 82:1;

89:5,7).

c. aq∂p Bf-Xz-ß-fn-ep≈ GI-ssZhw F∂ ]pXnb\nba shfn-∏m-Sn-s\bpw CXp kqNn-∏n°m≥

km[y-X-bp≠v. Dev]. 1:1 ¬ ssZhw krjvSn-°p-∂p; Dev]. 1:2 ¬ Bflmhv ]cn-h¿Øn-°p∂p;

]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬\n∂pw tbip-hmWv krjvSn-bn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ a[y-h¿Øn (H.-t\m. tbml.

1:3,10; tdma. 11:36; 1 sImcn. 8:6; sImsem. 1:15; F{_m. 1:2; 2:10).

D. btlmh (BDB 217, KB 394)1. ssZhsØ DS-ºSn- \n¿Ωm-Xmb ssZhw F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ \ma-am-Wn-Xv; ssZhw

c£-I\pw hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c\pw! a\p-jy≥ DS-ºSn ewLn-°p-∂p, F∂m¬ ssZhw Xs‚ hN\w,

hmKvZ-Øw, DS-ºSn F∂n-h-tbmSp hniz-kvXX ]pe¿Øp∂p (H.-t\m. k¶o. 103).

Cu \maw BZy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂Xv Dev]. 2:4 ¬ Ftem-loan-t\mSp tN¿Øm-Wv. Dev]Øn

1˛2 ¬ c≠v krjvSn-∏n≥ hnh-c-Wß-fn-√, adn®v c≠v Du∂-ep-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv: (1) ssZhw {]]©

120

{kjvSmhv (`u-Xn-Iw) F∂ \ne-bn¬; (2) ssZhw a\p-jys‚ {kjvSmhv F∂ \ne-bn¬. a\p-

jys‚ D∂-X-]-Z-hnbpw Dt±-iyhpw kw_-‘n® {]tXyI shfn-∏mSpw B AXpey ]Z-hn-tbmSp

tN¿∂p h∂ ]m] {]iv\hpw a’-chpw Dev]Øn 2:4˛3:24 ¬ Bcw- n-°p-∂p.

2. Dev]Øn 4:26 ¬ ""B ImeØv btlm-h-bpsS \ma-Øn-ep≈ Bcm-[\ XpSßn'' F∂p tcJ-s∏-

Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F¶n-epw, ]pd. 6:3 kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv BZna DS-ºSn P\X (tKm-{X-]n-Xm-°-∑m-

cpw Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_-ß-fpw) ssZhsØ F¬˛j-±mbn F∂p am{Xta Adn-™n-cp-∂p≈p F∂m-

Wv. btlmh F∂ \maw Hcp {]mhiyw am{Xta hni-Zo-I-cn-®n- p-≈p. AXv ]pd. 3:13- 16 ¬, {]tXy-

In®v hm. 14 ¬ BWv. F¶nepw tamsi-bpsS Fgp-Øp-Iƒ an°-t∏mgpw hm°p-Isf hymJym-\n-

°p-∂Xv k¿h-km-[m-c-W-amb ]Z-hn-\ym-k-ap-]-tbm-Kn-®mWv A√msX ]Z-hyp-Xv]Øn A\p-k-cn-

®√ (H.-t\m. Dev]. 17:5; 27:36; 29:13- 35). Cu \ma-Øns‚ A¿∞w kw_-‘n®v [mcmfw kn≤m-¥-

ß-fp≠v (1DB, vol 2, pp. 409 - 11 ¬ \ns∂-Sp-Ø-Xv).

a. ""Bg-amb kvt\lw ImWn-°pI'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ Hcp Ad_n aqe-]-Z-Øn¬ \n∂pw.

b. ""DuXpI'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ Ad_n aqe-]-Z-Øn¬ \n∂pw (b-tlmh sImSp-¶m-‰ns‚ tZh-

\mbn)

c. ""kwkm-cn-°pI'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ DKm-dn‰v (I-\m-\y) aqe-]-Z-Øn¬ \n∂pw

d. ""\ne-\n¿Øp-∂-h≥'' As√-¶n¬ ""ÿm]n-°p-∂-h≥'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ Hcp s^mbv\o-jy≥

{]tbm-K-Øn-¬\n∂pw

e. ""Bbn-cn-°p-∂-h≥,'' As√-¶n¬ ""k∂n-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-h≥'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ F{_mb

Jzm¬ ¬ \n∂pw

f. ""tlXp-hm-bn-cn-°p-∂-h≥'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ F{_mb ln^n¬ ¬\n∂pw

g. ""Pohn-°pI'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ Hcp F{_mb aqe-Øn¬\n∂pw (D-Zm. Dev]. 3:20), A¿∞w

""Ft∂-°pw-˛-Po-hn-°p-∂, Poh-\p-≈-˛-G-I≥''

h. ]pd. 3:13˛16 se kμ¿ -Øn¬ \n∂pw Hcp A]q¿Æ cq]w ]q¿Æ A¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-

°p-∂-Xv, ""Rm≥ Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Fs∂t∂°pw Bbn-cn°pw'' As√-¶n¬ ""Rm≥

F°m-ehpw Bbn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse XpS¿∂pw Bbn-cn°pw'' (cf. J. Wash Watts, A Survey ofSyntax in the Old Testament, p. 67). btlmh F∂ ]q¿Æ-\maw an°-t∏mgpw Npcp-s°-gp-

Øm-bnt´m As√-¶n¬ aqe-cq-]-Øntem D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn°m-\mWp km[y-X.

(1) bmlv (D-Zm. lt√-ep- -bm-lv, BDB 219, H.-t\m. ]pd. 15:2; 17:16; k¶o. 89:9; 104:35)

(2) bmlp (t]cns‚ Ah-km\w ""bmhv'', DZm. sbi-øm-hv)

(3) tbm (t]cns‚ Bcw- -Øn¬ ""tbm'', DZm. tbmip-h, tbmth¬)

3. ]n¬°me sblqZ aX-Øn¬ Cu DS-ºSn \maw AXn]cn-ip-≤-am-bn-Øo¿∂-Xn-\m¬ (\m-e-£c

\maw) \mw ]pd. 20:7; Bh. 5:11; 6:13 se Iev]\ ewLn-°-s∏- mtem F∂p `b∂v bn{km-tb-ey¿

CXv D—-cn-°p-hm≥ aSn-®p. AXp-sIm≠v AXn\p ]I-c-ambn ""DS-a-ÿ≥'', ""bP-am-\≥,'' ""`¿Ømhv-

hv,'' ""I¿Ømhv'' F∂o A¿∞-ß-fp≈ AtUm¨, AYhm AtUm-Wmbn (Fs‚ I¿Øm-hv)

F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®p. ]gb \nbaw hmbn®phcp-tºmƒ btlmh F∂ \maw hcp∂nSØv

Ah¿ ""I¿Ømhv'' F∂p hmbn-®p. C°m-c-W-Øm-emWv Cw•ojv ]cn- m-j-I-fn¬ btlmh F∂-

Xn\p ]Icw LORD F∂p]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

4. G¬ F∂ \ma-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn-se-∂-t]m-se, btlmh F∂ \ma-Øn\pw bn{km-tb-ens‚ DS-

ºSn ssZh-Øns‚ Nne kz`mhkhn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Db¿Øn-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn a‰p ]Z-ßƒ

tN¿Øv kwbp‡ \ma-ßƒ D≠m-°n-bn- p-≠v. At\I kwbp-‡-\m-a-ßƒ ]d-bm-hp-∂-Xm-sW-

¶n-epw, NneXv ChnsS tN¿°p-∂p.

a. btlm-h˛bntc (b-tlmh Icp-Xn-s°m-≈pw, BDB 217 & 906), Dev]. 22:14

b. btlm-h˛tdmt^°m (b-tlmh \ns‚ kuJy-Zm-b-I≥, BDB 217 & 950, Jzm¬ LSIw),]pd. 15:26

c. btlm-h˛\n n (b-tlmh Fs‚ sImSn, BDB 217 & 651), ]pd. 17:15

d. btlm-h˛sa°m-Znjvt°w (b-tlmh \ns∂ hnip-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-h≥, BDB 217 & 872, ]ntb¬

LSIw), ]pd. 31:13

e. btlm-h˛imtemw (b-tlmh kam-[m\w, BDB 217 & 1022), \ymbm. 6:24

f. btlm-h˛k_m-thmØv (ssk\y-ß-fpsS b-tlmh, BDB 217 & 878), 1 iaq. 1:3,11; 4:4; 15:2;

an°-t∏mgpw {]hm-NI ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬

g. btlm-h˛tcm'bn (b-tlmh Fs‚ CS-b≥, BDB 217 & 944, Jzm¬ LSIw), k¶o. 23:1

h. btlm-h˛knZv-s°\p (b-tlmh \ΩpsS \oXn, BDB 217 & 841), bnsc. 23:6

i. btlm-h˛iΩm (b-tlmh AhnsS, BDB 217 & 1027), sbsl. 48:35

121

6:21 ""DSs\ ]SIp Ah¿ t]mIp∂ tZiØp FØn-t∏mbn'' CXpw as‰mcp A¤p-X-am-Im≥ km[y-X-

bp≠v (H.-t\m. hm. 22- 25); ImcWw Ah¿ XSm-I-Øns‚ ]IpXn Zqcw Xpg™-Xmbn a¿s°m-kns‚ kphn-

ti-j-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 6:47). F¶nepw CXv a‰p kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ ]cm-

a¿in-®n- n√ (A-Xm. aØm. 14:32 AYhm a¿s°m. 6:51)

tbml-∂m≥ 6:22-˛25

22]ns‰∂mƒ ISev°sc \n∂ ]pcpjmcw Hcp ]SI√msX AhnsS thsd C√mbncp∂p F∂pw,

tbip injy∑mtcmSpIqsS ]SIn¬ IbdmsX injy∑m¿ am{Xw t]mbncp∂p F∂pw {Kln®p.23F∂m¬ I¿Ømhp hmgvØnbn v Ah¿ A∏w Xn∂ ÿeØn∂cnsI Xns_cymkn¬\n∂p sNdp]S

IpIƒ FØnbncp∂p. 24tbip AhnsS C√ injy∑mcpw C√ F∂p ]pcpjmcw I≠t∏mƒ Xßfpw

]SIp Ibdn tbiphns\ Xnc™p I^¿∂lqan¬ FØn. 25ISen∂°sc Ahs\ Is≠Ønb

t∏mƒ: d∫o, \o Ft∏mƒ ChnsS h∂p F∂p tNmZn®p.

6:23 ""Xns_-cymkv'' Cu ]´Ww F.-Un. 22 ¬ sltcmZv A¥n-∏mkv ]Wn-bp-Ibpw Ahs‚ Xe-ÿm-\-am-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

tbml-∂m≥ 6:26˛34

26AXn∂p tbip: Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p: \nßƒ ASbmfw I≠XpsIm

≠√; A∏w Xn∂p Xr]vXcmbXpsIm≠t{X Fs∂ At\zjn°p∂Xp. 27\in®pt]mIp∂ Blmc

Øn∂mbn´√, \nXyPoh¶te°p \ne\nev°p∂ BlmcØn∂mbn´p Xt∂ {]h¿Øn∏n≥; AXp

a\pjy]p{X≥ \nßƒ°p Xcpw; Ahs\ ]nXmhmb ssZhw ap{Zbn´ncn°p∂p F∂p DØcw ]d

™p. 28Ah¿ Aht\mSp ssZhØn∂p {]kmZap≈ {]hrØnIsf {]h¿Ønt°≠Xn∂p Rßƒ

F¥p sNtøWw F∂p tNmZn®p. 29tbip AhtcmSp: ssZhØn∂p {]kmZap≈ {]hrØn Ah≥

Ab®h\n¬ \nßƒ hnizkn°p∂Xt{X F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 30Ah¿ Aht\mSp: Rßƒ

I≠p \ns∂ hnizknt°≠Xn∂p \o F¥p ASbmfw sNøp∂p? F¥p {]h¿Øn°p∂p? 31\ΩpsS

]nXm°∑m¿ acp`qanbn¬ a∂m Xn∂p; Ah¿°p Xn∂phm≥ kz¿§Øn¬ \n∂p A∏w sImSpØp

F∂p FgpXnbncn°p∂pht√m F∂p ]d™p. 32tbip AhtcmSp: Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfm

Sp ]dbp∂p; kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p≈ A∏w tamsib√ \nßƒ°p X∂Xp, Fs‚ ]nXmht{X kz¿§

Øn¬\n∂p≈ km£m¬ A∏w \nßƒ°p Xcp∂Xp. 33ssZhØns‚ A∏tam, kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p

Cdßnh∂p temIØn∂p Pohs\ sImSp°p∂Xp BIp∂p F∂p ]d™p. 34Ah¿ Aht\mSp:

I¿Ømth, Cu A∏w Ft∏mgpw Rßƒ°p XtcWta F∂p ]d™p.

6:26,32,53 ""Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p'' ""kXyw, kXy-ambn.'' aq∂p hyXykvX D]-

tbm-K-ß-fp≈ F{_mb ssien-bm-Wn-Xv.

1. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ Cu ]Zw ""B{ibw'' F∂-Xn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. AXns‚ Be-¶m-cnI A¿∞w

""Dd-®n-cn-°pI'' F∂mWv. btlm-h-bn-ep≈ Hcp-hs‚ hnizm-ksØ kqNn-∏n-°m-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

2. tbip-hns‚ D]-tbm-K-Øn¬ \n∂pw kp{]-[m-\hpw {it≤-b-hp-amb {]kvXm-h-\-I-fpsS XpS-°-am-

sW∂p a\- n-em-°mw. Cu hn[-Øn¬ ""Bta≥'' D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ka-Im-enI sXfn-hp-Iƒ thsd-

bn-√.

3. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønset∏mse, BZnak -bnepw AXv Dd-∏ns‚ As√-¶n¬ sFIyX ImWn-°p∂ ]Z-

ambn Xo¿∂p.

1:51 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: Bta≥ ImWp-I.

� ""A∏w Xn∂p'' Ah-cpsS t{]cW BflnIhpw \nXy-X-bp-a√, imco-cn-Ihpw At∏m-g-tØ-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

� ""Xr]vX-cm-bXpsIm≠t{X'' Cu ]Z--Øn-\¿∞w ""sh´n-hn-gp-ßpI'' F∂m-Wv, arK-ßsf°pdn-®mWv ({]-

tXy-In®v ]ip-°-sf) Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≈-Xv.

6:27 ""A√ ... {]h¿Øn-∏n≥'' \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp {]hrØn Ah-km-\n-∏n-°pI F∂¿∞-ap≈ \ntj-

[m-flI LSIw D≈ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime a[ya Iev]-\-bm-Wn-Xv. Cu `mK-Øns‚ ]gb\nba ]›m-Øew

sbi. 5 BWv. Cu kw`m-j-W-Øn\v tbml. 4 se InW-‰-cn-Inse kv{Xobp-am-bp≈ kw`m-j-W-hp-ambn

hfscb[nIw kam-\-X-I-fp-≠v.

� ""\in®p t]mIp∂'' 10:10 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: At∏m-√pan ImWp-I.

� ""ap{Z-bn- n-cn-°p∂p'' CXv A[n-Im-cn-I-X, DS-a-ÿ-X, A[n-Im-cw, kpc-£n-XXzw (H.-t\m. NEB, aØm.

122

28:18; tbml. 17:2) F∂n-h-bpsS AS-bm-f-amW.v TEV bpw NIV bpw CXns\ ""AwKo-Imcw'' F∂pw ]cn- m-j-

s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ImcWw ]nXmhmw ssZhw tbip-hns‚ ip{iq-jsb AwKo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂m-Wn-

Xns‚ A¿∞w. 3:33 se {]tXyI ]T\hn-jbw: ap{Z ImWpI. AhnsSbXv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂p.

6:28 ""ssZh-Øn∂p {]km-Z-ap≈ {]hr-Øn-Isf {]h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xn∂p Rßƒ F¥p sNtøWw'' H∂mw

\q‰m-≠nse sblqZ aX-Øns‚ {][m\ tNmZy-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 18:18). aX- ‡ sblq-Z≥ (1) Xs‚

hwim-h-en, (2) tamssiI \ymb-{]-am-W-Øns‚ hmbvsamgn ]mc-ºcy{]Im-c-ap≈ (X¬aq-Zv) hymJym-\-ßƒ

A\p-jvTn-°pI F∂n-h-bn-eqsS ssZh-hp-ambn \nc-∏m-Im-sa∂p IW-°p-Iq- n.

6:29 ""Ah≥ Ab-®-h-\n¬ \nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xt{X'' CXv h¿Ø-am-\-Ime I¿Øcn A\p-_-‘hpw

XpS¿∂v `qX-Ime I¿Øcn kqN-I-hp-amWv. ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂ ]Zw, c£-sb-°p-dn-®p-≈ ]pXnb \nba

D]-tZiw {Kln-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n¿Æm-b-I-am-Wv. 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw ImWp-I. Cu hm°ns‚

{]mY-anI ]›m-Øew kzta-[-bm-bp≈ B{i-b-am-Wv. {Ko°v ]Zkaq-l-amb ]nÃnk v ""hniz-kn-°pI,''

""B{ibw,'' ""hnizmkw'' F∂n-ßs\ X¿÷a sNøp-hm≥ Ignbpw. am\p-jnI hnizm-k-Øns‚ {i≤m-tI{μw

am\p-jnI Bflm¿∞-X-bntem, ka¿∏-W-Øntem, D’m-l-Øntem A√ ""Ah-\n¬'' Bbn-cn-°Ww (H.-

t\m. 1:12; 3:16). Cu thZ- m-K-Øns‚ G‰-hp-a-SpØ ]›m-Ø-ew, tbip-{InkvXphns\-°p-dn-®p≈ bmYm-ÿn-

XnI ssZh-im-kv{Xtam, {]Xo-£n-°p∂ aX-]-c-amb NS-ßp-I-tfm, [m¿ΩnI Pohn-Xtam t]mep-a-√, Ah-\p-

am-bp≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘-am-Wv. Cu Imcy-ß-sf√mw klm-b-I-c-am-sW-¶nepw Ah-b√ {]mY-an-Iw.

Ah-cpsS tNmZy-Ønse _lp-h-N\ ""{]hr-Øn-Isf'' tbip GI-h-N\ ""{]hrØn'' B°n am‰n-bXp {i≤n-

°p-I.

""Ab®h≥'' F∂-Xn\v 5:24 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: Ab-bv°pI (A-t∏m-sÃ-t√m) ImWp-I.

6:30˛33 Cu Iq´¿ Aøm-bn-csØ A¤p-X-I-c-ambn t]mjn-∏n® kw -h-Øn¬ Ipsd apºv ]s¶-SpØhcm-

sW∂ Imcyw Hm¿t°-≠-XmWv. Ah-cm-h-iy-s∏´ AS-bmfw Ah¿°p In´n-°-gn-™p. a∂m \¬In-b-Xp-t]m-

se-bp≈ Nne ]gb \nba {]hr-Øn-Iƒ ainlm Bh¿Øn-°p-sa∂v d∫n-am-cpsS sblq-ZaXw Nn¥n-®n-

cp∂p (H.-t\m. 2 _mcq°v 29:8). ain-lm-sb°p-dn-®p≈ Cu ""kq∏¿˛tamsi'' ho£-W-Øn\v Dt]m¬_-e-I-

amb thZ- m-K-ambn k¶o. 72:16 d∫n-am¿ D]-tbm-Kn®p (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 1:22).

hm. 29 se ""Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂Xpw hm. 30 se ""\ns∂ hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂Xpw XΩn¬

kp{]-[m-\-amb Hcp hymI-cW khn-ti-j-X-bp-≠v. H∂m-a-tØXv tbml-∂ms‚ km[m-cW LS-\-bmb tbip-

hn¬ hniz-kn-°pI F∂-Xn¬ {i≤ tI{μo-I-cn-°p-∂p. AsXmcp hy‡n-]-c-amb {i≤-bq-∂-em-Wv. c≠m-a-

tØ-Xv, tbip-hns‚ hN-\-ß-fn¬ As√-¶n¬ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ß-fn¬ {i≤ -tI-{μo-I-cn-°p-∂-XmWv. AsXmcp

D≈-S-°-Ønse {i≤-bq-∂-emWv. kphn-tijw Htc kabw Hcp hy‡nbpw Hcp ktμ-i-hp-am-sW-t∂m¿°p-

I. 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw ImWp-I.

6:31 ""Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p-ht√m'' ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ Xncp-sh-gpØv D≤-c-Wn-Isf Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-

Xn-\p≈ km[m-cW hymI-c-W-cq-]-amb ]q¿Æ I¿ΩnWn A\p-_‘-am-Wn-hnsS ImWp-∂-Xv. ]gb \nb-a-

Øns‚ ssZh-\n-izm-kob-X-sbbpw B[n-Im-cn-I-X-sbbpw Dd-∏n-°p∂ `mjm-{]-tbm-K-am-WXv. Cu D≤-cWn

Xmsg ImWp∂ At\I thZ- m-K-ß-fn-¬ Ht∂m As√-¶n¬ kwbp-‡tam BWv: k¶o. 78:24; 105:40; ]pd.

16-:4,15 AYhm s\sl. 9:15.

6:32 sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS ]mc-ºcy ssZh-im-kv{XsØ tbip kv]¿in-°p-∂p. Bh. 18:15,18 s‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ ainlm tamsi-sb-t∏mse A¤pX {]hr-Øn-Iƒ sNtø-W-sa∂v Ah¿ Nn¥n-°p-∂p. At\I hmZ-

ßƒ \ncØn Ah-cpsS k¶-ev]sØ tbip Xncp-Øp-∂p.

1. tamsi-b√ ssZh-amWp a∂m \¬In-b-Xv

2. P\-ßƒ Aßs\ Nn¥n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw a∂m kz¿§-Øn¬\n∂p h∂-X√ (H.-t\m. k¶o. 78:23-

˛25)

3. kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ bYm¿∞ A∏w tbip-hm-Wv. Ah≥ Hcp `qX-Ime {]hr-Øn-b√, h¿Ø-am-

\-Ime bmYm¿∞y-am-Wv.

6:33 ""kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p Cdßnh∂p'' tbml-∂m-\n¬ Bh¿Øn®p hcp∂ hnj-b-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. 3:13).

CXv tbml-∂ms‚ ew_ -ZzμzamWv. Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬ tbip-hns‚ Ah-tcm-lWw Ggp {]mhiyw ]d-™n-

cn-°p-∂p (H.-t\m. 6:33,38,41,42,50,51,58). tbip-hns‚ ]q¿Δm-kvXn-Iy-sØbpw kz¿§ob D¤-h-sØ-bp-am-WnXp

ImWn-°p-∂Xv (H.t\m. hm. 33,38,41,42,50,51,58,62). bYm¿∞ A∏hpw Pohs‚ A∏-hp-amb tbip kz¿§-

Øn¬ \n∂p h∂-Xp-t]mse h∂ ""a∂'' F∂ ]Z-ap-]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ Hcp ]Z-hn-\ymkw IqSnbm-Wn-Xv.

B£-cnI-ambn CXv, ""kz¿K-Øn¬ \n∂pw Cdßn hcp-∂-h-\mWv ssZh-Øns‚ A∏w'' F∂m-Wv. ChnsS

ImWp∂ ]p√nwK h¿Ø-am-\-Ime I¿Øcn kqNIw (1) ""A∏w'' As√-¶n¬ (2) Hcp a\p-jys\, tbip-

hns\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p. tbml-∂m-\n¬ an°-t∏mgpw Hcp Zp¿{KlX tkmt±-iy-]-c-amWv (C-c´ A¿∞w).

123

� ""temI-Øn\p Pohs\ sImSp--°p-∂Xv'' tbip h∂-Xns‚ Dt±-iy-an-XmWv (H.-t\m. 3:16; a¿s°m. 10:45; 2

sImcn. 5:21). \jvS-s∏-´Xpw a’-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb temI-Øn\v ""]pXp-Po-h≥,'' ""\nXy-Po-h≥,'' ""]pXp-bpK

Poh≥'' \¬Ip-I-bm-Wp- e£yw.'' Hcp {]tXyI kaq-l-Øn-\√ (sb-lq-Z≥/ PmXn, sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-

h¿/sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿, bmYm-ÿn-X-nI¿/D¬]-Xn-jvWp) adn®v kI-e¿°pw.

6:34

NASB, NKJV ""I¿Ømth''

NRSV, TEV, NJBNET Bible, NIV, REB ""k¿''

Cu c≠p ]Z-ßfpw Ipdn-tbmkv s‚ c≠p hyXykvX `mjm-]-c-amb D]-tbm-KsØ Ipdn-°p-∂p. Cu

kμ¿ -Øn¬ c≠m-a-tØ-XmWv IqSp-X¬ A\p-tbm-Pyw. ]pcp-jmcw tbip-hn-s\tbm Ahs‚ hm°p-I-sftbm

{Kln-®n-√. Ah¿ Ahs\ ainlm Bbn a\- n-em-°n-bn√ (4:14; 5:7 IqSn ImWp-I).

� ""Cu A∏w Ft∏mgpw Rßƒ°p XtcWta'' tbml. 4:14 ¬ ia-cy-°mcn ]d-bp∂ {]kvXm-h-\-tbmSp

kam-\-am-Wn-Xv. Cu sblq-Z-∑mcpw tbip-hns‚ hm°p-I-fnse kmZriyw {Kln-®n-√. CXp tbml-∂m-\nse

Bh¿Øn-°p∂ hnj-b-am-Wv.

tbml-∂m≥ 6:35- 40

35tbip AhtcmSp ]d™Xp: Rm≥ Pohs‚ A∏w BIp∂p; Fs‚ ASp°¬ hcp∂h∂p

hni°bn√; F∂n¬ hnizkn°p∂h∂p Hcp\mfpw Zmln°bpan√. 36F∂m¬ \nßƒ Fs∂

I≠n´pw hnizkn°p∂n√ F∂p Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]d™pht√m. 37]nXmhp F\n°p Xcp∂Xp

Hs°bpw Fs‚ ASp°¬ hcpw; Fs‚ ASp°¬ hcp∂hs\ Rm≥ Hcp\mfpw X≈n°fIbn√;38Rm≥ Fs‚ C„a√, Fs∂ Ab®hs‚ C„at{X sNbvhm≥ kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p Cdßnh∂ncn°p

∂Xp; 39Ah≥ F\n°p X∂Xn¬ H∂pw Rm≥ IfbmsX, F√mw HSp°sØ \mfn¬ Db¿sØgpt∂

ev]nt°Ww F∂mIp∂p Fs∂ Ab®hs‚ C„w. 40]p{Xs\ t\m°ns°m≠p Ah\n¬ hnizkn

°p∂ Gh∂pw \nXyPoh≥ D≠mtIWsa∂mIp∂p Fs‚ ]nXmhns‚ C„w; Rm≥ Ahs\

HSp°sØ \mfn¬ Db¿sØgpt∂ev]n°pw.

6:35 ""Rm≥ Pohs‚ A∏w BIp∂p'' tbml-∂ms‚ khn-ti-j-X-bmb ""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' {]kvXm-h-\-I-

fn¬ H∂m-WnXv (H.-t\m. 6:35,41,48,51; 8:12; 10:7,9,11,14; 11:25; 14:6; 15:1,5). tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw {InkvXp

F∂ hy‡n-bn-emWv {i≤ tI{μo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXv a∂sb Ipdn®pw ]pXnb ]pd-∏mSv (]m-]-Øn¬ \n∂pw)

sIm≠phcp∂ ]pXnb \nba ZmXm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p-ap≈ sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS ain-sslI {]Xo-£-I-tfmSp _‘-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. 8:12 se hni-Zo-I-cW Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

� ""Fs‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-∂-h\p hni-°-bn√; F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h∂p Hcp-\mfpw Zmln-°-bp-

an√'' {Ko°n¬ i‡-amb c≠v Cc´ \ntj-[-I-am-Wp-≈-Xv, ""C√, Hcp \mfpw C√'' (H.-t\m. -hm. 37).

""hcn-I'', ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂nh XΩn¬ Hcp kam-¥-c-_-‘-ap≠v (H.t\m. 7:37-˛38, ""ImWpI''

""tIƒ°pI'' F∂-Xn\p kam-\-am-bn). Ah c≠pw h¿Ø-am-\-Ime {Inb-I-fm-Wv. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS hchpw

hniz-kn-°epw Hcp ka-b-tØ-°p≈ Xocp-am-\-ß-f-√, adn®v Iq´mbva, kJn-Xzw, ]n≥K-an-°¬ F∂n-h Dƒs∏´

PohnX ssien-bpsS Bcw- -am-Wv.

� ""hni-°p-I ... Zln-°pI'' hni∏pw Zmlhpw Bflob bmYm¿∞ysØ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ ]e-t∏mgpw

D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp≠v (H.-t\m.- k-¶o. 42:1; sbi. 55:1; Btam. 8:11- 12; aØm. 5:6).

6-:36 ""\nßƒ Fs∂ I≠n´pw'' Nne ]pcm-X\ Isø-gpØp {]Xn-Iƒ (a, A, ]-gb em‰n≥, hƒtK-‰v, kndn-

bIv ]Xn-∏p-Iƒ) ""Fs∂'' Hgn-hm-°n-s°m≠v tbip-hns‚ {]kvXm-h\ Ahs‚ AS-bm-f--ßsf kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂-Xm-°p∂p (DZm. ]pcp-jm-csØ t]mjn-∏n-®-Xv). k¿Δ\maw At\I {Ko°p Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fnepw

]Xn-∏p-I-fnepw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ GXmWv aqe {KŸØnep-≈-sX∂v Xocp-am-\n-°m≥ UBS4 \p

Ign-bp-∂n√.

6:37 ""]nXmhp F\n°p Xcp-∂-Xp H-s°bpw Fs‚ ASp-°¬ hcpw'' Cu thZ-`m-K-Øns‚ {]mY-anI

Du∂¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv. Cu ssZh-imkv{X kXy-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ IrXy-amb

c≠p `mK-ßƒ tdma¿ 9; Fs^. 1:3˛14 BWv. c≠p kμ¿ -Ønepw a\p-jys‚ {]Xn-I-cWw Bh-iy-s∏- n-cn-

°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv Xmev]-cy-P-\-I-am-Wv. tdma¿ 10 ¬ F√mw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Ggv {]tbm-K-ßƒ D≠v. Fs -

ky¿ 2 epw CtX ÿnXnXs∂-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. AhnsS hm. 1˛7 se ssZh-Ir-]-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ N¿® Ah-km-\n-

°p-∂Xv hm. 8,9 ¬ hnizm-k-Øn-\p≈ Blzm-\-tØm-sS-bm-Wv. ap∂nb-a-\w, c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿°p≈ XS-

-a-√, hos≠-Sp-°-s∏- -h¿°p≈ Blzm-\-amWv. D]-tZiw a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Xmt°m¬, \nXy-\n¿Æ-

124

b-ß-f-√, ssZh-Øns‚ kvt\lhpw Ir]-bp-am-Wv. ssZhw tbip-hn\p \¬In-b-h-sc√mw Ahs‚ ASp-°¬

""hcpw'' F∂Xp {i≤n-°p-I. ssZhw Ft∏mgpw ap≥ssI FSp°p∂p (H.-t\m.- hm. 44,65), ]t£ a\p-jy≥

{]Xn-I-cn-°Ww (H.-t\m. 1:12; 3:16). 3.16 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

� ""Fs‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-∂-hs\ Rm≥ Hcp-\mfpw X≈n-°-f-I-bn√'' CXp as‰mcp Cc´ \ntj-[-am-Wv.

ssZhw F√m-h-scbpw {InkvXp-hn-eqsS X∂n-te°p hnfn-°p-Ibpw kzmKXw sNøp-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂

kXysØ-bm-WnhnsS Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. sbsl. 18:21˛23, 30˛32; 1 Xnsam. 2:4; 2 ]s{Xm. 3:9). ssZhw

Ft∏mgpw ap≥I-sø-Sp-°p∂p (H.-t\m.- hm. 44,65), ]t£ a\p-jy≥ {]I-cn-°Ww (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 1:15; {]hr.

20:21). `{ZX kw_-‘n® F{X AXn-i-I-c-amb thZ- mKw!

{]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: {InkvXym\n-bpsS c£m`{ZXc£m- -{ZX F∂Xv (1) Hcp thZ-]p-kvXI kXyhpw (2) hnizm-kn-bpsS hnizm-km-\p- -h-hpw, (3) Pohn-X-

ssi-en-bp-amWv.

A. c£m- -{Z-X-bpsS thZ-]p-kvXI ASn-ÿm\w

1. ]nXmhmw ssZh-Øns‚ kz`mhw

a. Dev]Øn 3:15; 12:3

b. k¶o. 46:10

c. tbml. 3:16; 10:28- 29

d. tdma. 8:38˛39

e. Fs^. 1:3˛14; 2:5,8- 9

f. ^nen. 1:6

g. 2 Xnsam. 1:12

h. 1 ]s{Xm. 1:3˛5

2. ]p{X\mw ssZh-Øns‚ {]hrØn

a. Ahs‚ ]utcmlnXy {]m¿∞-\, tbml. 17:9˛14, {]tXy-In®v hm. 12

b. Ahs‚ ]m]-]-cn-lmc _en

1) tdma. 8:31

2) 2 sImcn. 5:21

3) 1 tbml. 4:9˛10

c. Ahs‚ XpS-cp∂ a[y-ÿX

1) tdma. 8:34

2) F{_m. 7:25

3) 1 tbml. 2:1

3. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhmw ssZh-Øns‚ i‡o-I-cn-°¬

a. Ahs‚ hnfn, tbml. 6:44,65

b. Ahs‚ ap{Z

1) 2 sImcn. 1:22; 5:5

2) Fs^. 1:13- 14; 4:30

c. Ahs‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb Dd∏v

1) tdma. 8:16- 17

2) 1 tbml. 5:7˛13

B. Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-°p∂ hnizm-kn-bpsS DS-ºSn {]Xn-I-cWw Fs¥-∂m¬

1. Bcw- -ap-≈Xpw XpS-cp-∂-Xp-amb am\-km-¥-chpw hnizm-khpw

a. a¿s°mkv 1:15

b. tbml-∂m≥ 1:12

c. {]hr. 3:16; 20:21

d. tdma. 10:9˛13

2. c£-bpsS e£yw {InkvXp-Xp-ey-amb Pohn-X-am-sW∂p Hm¿°pI

a. tdma. 8:28˛29

b. Fs^. 1:4; 2:10; 4:13

3. `{ZX Pohn-X-ssi-en-bm-emWv Dd-∏m-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ft∂m¿Ωn-°pI

a. bmt°mt_

b. 1 tbml-∂m≥

125

4. `{ZX kPoh hnizm-k-Ømepw ÿntcm-’m-l-Øm-ep-amWv Dd-∏m-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ft∂m¿Ωn-

°pI

a. a¿s°mkv 13:13

b. 1 sImcn. 15:2

c. F{_m. 3:14; 4:14

d. 2 ]s{Xmkv 1:10

e. bqZm hm. 20- 21

6:38 ""kz¿§-Øn¬\n∂p Cd-ßn-h∂ncn-°p∂p'' PU-[m-cW-sØbpw (H.-t\m. tbml. 1:1apX¬; Fs^.

4:8˛10) AXns‚ \ne-\n¬°p∂ ^e-sØbpw kqNn-∏n-°p∂ ]q¿Æ {Inb-bm-Wn-Xv. tbip-hns‚ kz¿§ob

D¤-h-sØbpw CXp kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 41,62).

� ""Rm≥ Fs‚ CjvS-a√ Fs∂ Ab-®-hs‚ CjvS-at{X sNbvhm≥'' ]pXnb \nbaw {XnXz-Øns‚

sFIy-X-sbbpw (DZm. 14:8˛9; 14:6 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I), aq∂p BfXz-ß-fp-sSbpw hy‡n-Xz-

sØbpw (H.-t\m. 14:8,9) Du∂n-∏-d-bp∂p. tbip ]nXm-hn-\p Iog-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂ tbml-∂ms‚ Du∂-

ens‚ `mK-amWv Cu hmIyw. 5:19 se apgp-h≥ hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw ImWp-I. 5:24 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw:

Ab-bv°pI (A-t∏m-sÃ-tem) ImWp-I.

6:39 ""Ah≥ F\n°p X∂-Xn¬ H∂pw Rm≥ If-bmsX'' hm. 37 se \]pw-kI GI-h-N-\-amb ""Hs°bpw''

hm. 39 se \]pw-kI GI-h-N-\-amb ""H∂pw'' XΩn¬ hy‡-amb _‘-ap-≠v. tbml-∂m≥ Cu Akm-[m-

cW cq]w At\I {]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v (H.-t\m. 17:2,24). F√m-hcpw tN¿∂ kaq-l-sØ-bmImw #nXp

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 40,45).

ssZh-Øns‚ kq£n-∏n≥ i‡n-bpsS hmKvZ-Ø-am-Wn-Xv, hnizm-kn-bpsS c£m- -{Z-X-bpsS Dd-hn-S-am-WnXv

(H.-t\m. tbml. 10:28- 29; 17:2,24, 1 tbml. 5:13 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I). hm. 37 se {Inbm

Imew h¿Ø-am\ Ime-am-sW-∂Xp {i≤n-°p-I. AtX-k-abw hm. 39 ]q¿Ønbmb Ime-hp-am-Wv. ssZh-

Øns‚ Zm\w \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. hm. 39 se Ah-km-\sØ c≠p Dd-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ c≠pw kmam\y h¿Ø-am\-

Im-e-amWv; ]nXmhv tbip-hn\p \¬In-b-h-sc-sbm∂pw Ah≥ If-bp-I-bn√ (hm. 37,39). Ah\p \¬In-b-h-

sc-sb√mw Ah≥ HSp-°sØ \mfn¬ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n-°pw (H.-t\m. hm. 44). Chn-sS-bnXm (1) -Xn-c-s™-

Sp-∏n-s‚bpw, (2) ÿntcm-’m-l-Øn-s‚bpw ssZhnI hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ!

A¥y-Im-e-sa∂ Cu Bibw (km[-Im-fl-I-ambpw \ntj-[m-fl-I-am-bpw) At\I t]cp-I-fm¬ hnfn-°-

s∏-Sp-∂p.

1. HSp-°sØ -\m-ƒ, 6:39,40,44,54; 11:24; 12:48; 2 Xnsam. 3:1; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:5; 2 ]s{Xm. 3:3

2. A¥y-\m-gn-I, 1 tbml. 2:18; bqZm hm. 18

3. B \mƒ, aØm. 7:22; 2 Xnsam. 1:12,18; 4:8

4. Hcp Znh-kw, {]hr. 17:31

5. alm Znh-kw, bqZm 6

6. \mƒ, eqs°m. 17:30; 1 sImcn. 3:13; 1 sX . 5:4; F{_m. 10:25

7. Xs‚ Znh-kw, eqs°m. 17:24

8. I¿Øm-hns‚ \mƒ, 1 sX . 5:2; 2 sX . 2:2

9. {InkvXp-hns‚ \mƒ, ^nen. 1:10; 2:16

10. I¿Øm-hmb tbip{InkvXp-hns‚ \mƒ, 1 sImcn. 1:8; 5:5

11. I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hns‚ \mƒ, 2 sImcn. 1:14

12. {InkvXp-tbiphns‚ \mƒ, ^nen. 1:16

13. a\p-jy-]p{Xs‚ \mƒ, eqs°m. 17:24 (#7 IqsS ImWp-I)

14. \ymb-hn[n Znh-kw, aØm. 10:15; 11:22,24; 12:36; 2 ]s{Xm. 2:9; 3:7; 1 tbml. 4:17

15. tIm] Znh-kw, shfn. 6:17

16. ssZh-Øns‚ alm-Zn-h-kw, shfn. 16:14

� ""HSp-°sØ \mfn¬ Dbn-¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n-t°Ww'' CXv hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]p\-cp-∞m\ \mfn-s\bpw

Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS \ymb-hn[n \mfn-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 40,44,54; 5:25,28; 11:24; 1 sImcn. 15).

Cu hnj-bsØ kw_-‘n®v {^m¶v -ÃmKv Xs‚ F \yqsS-Ã-sa‚ v Xntbm-fPnbn¬ \ap°p klm-b-I-c-

amb {]kvXm-h\ \S-Øp-∂p≠v:

""`mhn hc-hns\ kw_-‘n®v tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw Xd-∏n®p ]d-bp-Ibpw (14:3,18apX¬,

28; 16:16,22) "A¥y-\m-fnse' ]p\-cp-∞m-\-sØbpw A¥y \mb-hn-[n-sbbpw Ipdn®v kwkm-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p (5:28 apX¬; 6:39 apX¬, 44,53; 11:24; 12:48). F¶nepw Cu \memw kphn-ti-j-Øn-ep-

126

S-\ofw \nXy-Po-h≥, \ymb-hn-[n, ]p\-cp-∞m\w F∂nh hm¿Ø-am\Ime bmYm¿∞y-ß-fmWv''

(3:18 apX¬; 4:23; 5:25; 6:54; 11:23 apX¬; 12:28,31; 13:31 apX¬; 14:17; 17:28) (t]. 311).

6:40 ""Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ CjvSw'' hm. 28 se, ""ssZh-Øn\p {]km-Z-ap≈ {]hrØn-Isf {]h¿Øn-t°-≠-

Xn∂p Rßƒ F¥p sNtøWw?'' F∂ tNmZy-Øn-\p≈ tbip-hns‚ DØ-c-am-Wn-Xv. 4:34 se {]tXyI ]T-

\-hn-jbw: ssZh-Øns‚ CjvSw ImWp-I.

� ""]p{Xs\ t\m°n-s°m≠v'' h¿Ø-am-\-Ime I¿Øcn {Inb-I-fmb ""t\m°pI,'' ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂nh

kam-¥-c-ß-fmWv (hm. 35 se ""hcnI'' ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂-Xp-t]m-ebpw ""ImWpI'' ""tIƒ°pI'' F∂-

Xp-t]m-sebpw). Ch Hcn-°¬ am{Xw \S-°p∂ Imcy-ß-f-√, XpS¿am-\-ambn kw -hn-t°-≠-h-bm-Wv. ""t\m°n-

s°m≠v'' F∂ ]Z-Øn\v {Kln-°p-hm≥ As√-¶n¬ Adn-bp-hm≥ ""{i≤-tbmsS t\m°pI'' F∂ -A¿∞-am-

Wp-≈-Xv.

""Gh\pw'' F∂ ]Zw (]m-kv) F\n-°n-jvS-am-Wv. {i≤n-°p-I.

1. Xm≥ apJm-¥cw F√m-hcpw hniz-kn-t°-≠-Xn\,v 1:7

2. GXp a\p-jy-s\bpw {]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂, 1:9

3. hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw \nXy-Po-h≥ {]m]n-t°-≠-Xn-\v, 3:15

4. hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw \in-®p-t]m-ImsX \nXy-Po-h≥ {]m]n-t°-≠-Xn-\v, 3:16

5. F√m-h-cpw ... ]p{Xs\ _lp-am-\n-t°-≠-Xn-\v, 5:23

6˛9. tbml-∂m≥ 6:37,39,40,45.

10. F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂h≥ Bcpw Hcp\mfpw acn-°-bn-√, 11:26

11. Rmt\m `qan-bn¬\n∂p Db¿Ø-s∏- m¬ F√m-h-scbpw F¶-te°p BI¿jn-°pw, 12:32

12. F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h≥ Bcpw Ccp-fn¬ hkn-°m-Xn-cn-∏m≥, 12:46

]c-am-[n-Im-c-Øns‚ a¿Ω-am-WnXv (Hm.-t\m. hm. 38,39; 17:2,24 FXn-cmbn kzX{¥ C—). c≠pw Hcphn[-

Øn¬ kXy-am-Wv. Fs∂ kw_-‘n®v ""DS-ºSn'' bpsS ssZh-imkv{X k¶ev]w Ahsb \∂mbn ka-\z-bn-

∏n-°p-∂p.

� ""Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂'' c£ F∂Xv Hcp hnizmk{]am-W-tam, icn-bmb ssZh-im-kv{X-tam, [m¿ΩnI

PohnX ssientbm A√, Hcp hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘-amWv F∂ Imcyw Hm¿°pI (H.-t\m. 3:16; 11:25 -26). Hcp-

hs‚ hnizm-k-Øn-t∑-emW,v Xo{h-X-bn-e√ Du∂¬. 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWp-I.

37a,39,44,65 hmIy-ßfnse ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Imc Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Du∂epw 37b,40 hmIy-

ßfnse a\p-jys‚ hnizmk {]Xn-I-c-Whpw XΩn-ep≈ k¥p-e\w {i≤n-°p-I. Cu thZ-]p-kvXI kwL¿

jw \ne-\n¿tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-chpw a\p-jys‚ kzX{¥ C—bpw tNcp-∂-XmWv thZ-

]p-kvXI DS-º-Sn-bpsS Cc´ LS-I-ßƒ.

� ""\nXy-Po-h≥ D≠m-tI-W--sa-∂m-Ip∂p'' Cu h¿Ø-am-\-Ie I¿Øcn A\p-_-‘w Hcp {]Xn-I-cWw

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂p (H.-t\m. 1 tbml. 5:11). hm. 39 kaql]chpw hm. 40 hy‡n-]-c-hp-am-sW∂ Imcyw {i≤n-

°p-I. c£-bpsS sshcp-≤y-am-Wn-Xv.

tbml-∂m≥ 6:41- 51

41Rm≥ kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p Cdßnh∂ A∏w F∂p Ah≥ ]d™Xn\m¬, sblqZ∑m¿

Ahs\°pdn®p ]ndp]ndpØp: 42Ch≥ tbmtk^ns‚ ]p{X\mb tbip A√tbm? Ahs‚

A∏s\bpw AΩsbbpw \mw Adnbp∂pht√m; ]ns∂ Rm≥ kz¿§Øn¬ \n∂p Cdßnh∂p

F∂p Ah≥ ]dbp∂Xp Fßs\ F∂p Ah¿ ]d™p. 43tbip AhtcmSp DØcw ]d™Xp:

\nßƒ XΩn¬ ]ndp]ndpt°≠m; 44Fs∂ Ab® ]nXmhp BI¿jn®n´√msX B¿°pw Fs‚

ASp°¬ hcphm≥ IgnIbn√; Rm≥ HSp°sØ \mfn¬ Ahs\ Dbn¿sØgpt∂ev]n°pw.45F√mhcpw ssZhØm¬ D]tZin°s∏´h¿ BIpw F∂p {]hmNI]pkvXIßfn¬ FgpXnbncn

°p∂p. ]nXmhnt\mSp tI´p]Tn®h≥ F√mw Fs‚ ASp°¬ hcpw. 46]nXmhns\ Bsc¶nepw

I≠n´p≠p F∂√, ssZhØns‚ ASp°¬\n∂p h∂h≥ am{Xta ]nXmhns\ I≠n´p≈p.47Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p: hnizkn°p∂h∂p \nXyPoh≥ D≠p. 48Rm≥

Pohs‚ A∏w BIp∂p. 49\nßfpsS ]nXm°∑m¿ acp`qanbn¬ a∂m Xn∂n´pw acn®pht√m. 50CtXm,

Xn∂p∂h≥ acn°mXncnt°≠Xn∂p, kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p Cdßp∂ A∏w BIp∂p. 51kz¿§Øn¬

\n∂p Cdßnb Poh\p≈ A∏w Rm≥ BIp∂p; Cu A∏w Xn∂p∂h≥ F√mw Ft∂°pw

Pohn°pw; Rm≥ sImSp∏m\ncn°p∂ A∏tam temIØns‚ Poh∂p th≠n Rm≥ sImSp°p∂

Fs‚ amwkw BIp∂p.

6:41 ""sblq-Z-∑m¿ Ah-s\-°p-dn®p ]ndp-]n-dpØp'' Ah¿ ]ndp-]n-dp-°m≥ Bcw- n®p Ft∂m ho≠pw ho≠pw

127

]ndp-]n-dpØp Ft∂m A¿∞-ap≈ A]q¿W Ime-am-Wn-Xv. acp- q-an-bm{Xm Ime-b-f-hp-am-bp≈ kam-¥-cXzw

{it≤-b-am-Wv (H.-t\m. ]pd∏mSv; kwJym]p-kvXIw). B ImesØ bn{km-tb-ey¿ Xßƒ°p £Ww \¬Inb

ssZh-Øns‚ {]Xn-]p-cp-j-\mb tamsi-sbbpw \nc-kn-®p.

6:42 tbip Xs∂-°p-dn®p ]d™ hm°p-Iƒ sblq-Z-∑m¿°p a\- n-embn F∂mWv CXp ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.

Xm≥ ]q¿Δm-kvXn-Iy-ap-≈-h\pw ssZh-am-sW∂pw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\mbn sblqZ ssien-Iƒ tbip hy‡-

ambn D]-tbm-Kn®p! tbip-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ Ah¿°v Ct∏mgpw Hcp Keo-e-°m-c-\mb X®-\n¬\n-∂p≈ sRń-

∏n-°p∂ hm°p-I-fm-bn-cp∂p! tbip Xs∂-°p-dn®v AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ i‡-amb {]kvXm-h-\-I-fmWp \S-Øn-

b-Xv. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ Ah≥

1. Xs‚ hm°p-I-fmepw {]hr-Øn-I-fmepw \nXy-Po-h≥ sIm≠p-h-cp∂ PUw-[-cn® ssZh-]p-{X-\mWv

2. hy‡-amb Dt±-iy-tØmsS t`mjvIp ]d-bp-∂-h-\mWv

3. -{`m-¥-\mWv (tPmjv aIvtUm-sh-ens‚ Fhn-U≥kv Zm‰v Unam≥Uvkv F sh¿UnIvSv F∂ {KŸ-

Øn¬ \n∂pw FSp-Ø-Xv)

tbip-hns‚ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ß-fpsS kXym-hÿ {InkvXym-\n-Xz-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ hnj-b-am-Wv.

6:43 ""\nßƒ XΩn¬ XΩn¬ ]ndp-]n-dp-t°≠m'' \S∂psIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp {]hrØn \n¿ØpI F∂¿∞-

ap≈ \ntj-[m-flI LS-I-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb h¿Ø-am-\-Ime B⁄-bm-Wn-Xv.

6:44 ""]nXmhp BI¿jn-®n-´-√msX B¿°pw Fs‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-hm≥ Ign-I-bn√'' ssZhw BWv

F√m-bvt]mgpw ap≥I-sø-Sp-°p-∂Xv (Hm.-t\m. hm. 65; 15:16). kIe Bflob Xocp-am-\-ßfpw Bflm-hns‚

t{]cW \nan-Ø-am-Wv, A√msX a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ Xmev]-cyw-sIm-≠√ (H.-t\m. sbi. 53:6). ssZh-Øns‚

]c-am-[n-Im-chpw a\p-jys‚ {]Xn-I-c-Whpw ssZh-Øns‚ lnX-Ømepw Icp-W-bmepw th¿s]-Sp-Øm-\m-hm-

Ø-hn[w Hcp-an-®n-W-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CXmWv DS-ºSn kw_-‘n-®p≈ ]gb \nba Bi-bw.

Cu ssZhnI ""ASp∏n-°-ens‚'' k¥p-e\w 12:32 ¬ ImWp-∂p. AhnsS tbip ""F√m-h-scbpw X¶-

te°v BI¿jn-°p-∂p.'' Cu ASp-∏n-°¬ ssZh-P\w Ahs‚ {]hm-NI iv_Z-tØmSp {]Xn-I-cn-°m-Xn-

cp∂p ]g-b-\n-ba amXr-Isb t\sc Xncn°p-∂p. (D-Zm-l-c-W-ßƒ: sbi. 6:9˛13; 29:13; bnsc-aym-hv). Ct∏mƒ

ssZhw kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv {]hm-N-I-∑m-c-eqsS bn{km-tb-en-t\m-S-√, adn®v Xs‚ ]p{X-\n-eqsS kIe a\p-jy-

h¿§-tØm-Sp-amWv (Hm.-t\m. F{_m. 1:1˛3). 5:24 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: Ab-bv°pI (A-t∏m-sÃ-t√m)

ImWp-I.

6:45 ""{]hm-NI ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p'' ""]pXnb \nb-a-Øns‚'' B¥-cnI LS-IsØ (]p-

Xnb lrZ-bw, ]pXnb a\- v) hnh-cn-°p∂ sbi-ømhv 54:13 ¬ \nt∂m bnsc-aymhv 31:34 ¬ \nt∂m D≈ D≤-

c-Wn-bm-WnXv

� ""]nXm-hn-t\mSp tI´p ]Tn-®-h≥ F√mw Fs‚ ASp-°¬ hcpw'' tbip-hns‚ Dd-∏mb {]kvXm-h-\-

bpsS A¿∞w X∂n-eqsS am{Xta Hcp-h\v bYm¿∞-ambn ssZhsØ a\- n-em-°p-hm\pw Adn-bp-hm\pw

Ignbq F∂mWv (H.-t\m. tbml. 1:18; 14:6,9). tamsi-t]mepw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ssZhsØ Hcn-°epw I≠n-

ń√ (H.-t\m. 5:32 se ]T-\-Ip-dn-∏v).

6:47 kIe a\p-jy¿°p-ap≈ tbip-hns‚ kuP\y c£m-Zm-\-sØ-bmWv Cu hmIyw kw{K-ln-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv

(""hn-iz-kn-°p-∂-h≥'' h¿Ø-am-\-Ime I¿Øcn A\p-h‘w; ""\nXy-Po-h≥'' H.-t\m. hm. 51,58; 3:15,16,36; 5:24;

11:26; 20:21). ssZh-Øns‚ GI kXy-sh-fn-∏mSpw ssZh-Øn-¶-te-°p≈ GI kXy-hm-Xnepw tbip-hm-Ip∂p

(kp-hn-ti-j-Øns‚ as‰-√m-s‰bpw ]pd-¥-≈p∂ kz`m-hw, H.-t\m. 10:1˛6,7- 9; 14:6) F¶nepw BZm-ans‚ kIe

]p{X-∑m¿°pw ]p{Xn-am¿°pw CXp e`y-amWv (kp-hn-ti-j-Øns‚ F√mhscbpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ kz`m-hw,

1:4,7,12; 3:16; Dev]. 3:15; 12:3).

6:50 hm. 31- 35 t]mse A∏w, ùXnI A∏w (a-∂m), kz¿§ob A∏w (tb-ip) F∂n-h-bpsS A¿∞w D]-tbm-

Kn®v hm°p-Iƒ sIm≠p≈ Hcp Ifn-bm-Wn-Xv. H∂v MuXnI Poh≥ \¬Ip-Ibpw \ne-\n¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p. F¶nepw XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-Ww, F∂mepw ac-WsØ XS-bm-\-Xn\p Ign-I-bn-√. at‰Xv \nXy-Po-h≥

\¬Ip-Ibpw \ne-\n¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. F¶nepw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw t]mjn-∏n-°p-Ibpw thWw, AXv

BflnI ac-W-Øn\v (ssZ-h-hp-am-bp≈ XI¿∂ _‘w; ]m]hpw kzb-hp-am-bp≈Bflm¿∞ Iq´m-bva)

DS≥ hncm-a-an-Sp∂p.

6:51 ""Poh\p≈ A∏w Rm≥ BIp∂p'' tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Ønse {]kn-≤-amb ""Rm≥ BIp∂p''

{]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ H∂m-WnXv (H.-t\m. 6:35,48,51). Xs‚ Bf-Xz-Øn-te°p {i≤ £Wn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ tbip-

hns‚ `mjm-]-c-amb am¿§-am-Wn-Xv. shfn-∏m-Sp-t]mse c£bpw BXy-¥n-I-ambn Hcp hy‡n-bm-Wv.

� ""temIØns‚ Poh∂p th≠n Rm≥ sImSp°p∂ Fs‚ amwkw BIp∂p'' \ΩpsS tI{μ Bhiyw

tIhew `£-W-a-√, tbip Xs∂-bmWv F∂v Db¿Øn-°m- p∂ Hcp kmZriy-am-WnXv. Cu {]tbmKw 1:14

ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.

128

tbml-∂m≥ 6:52- 59

52BIbm¬ sblqZ∑m¿: \ap°p Xs‚ amwkw Xnt∂≠Xn∂p Xcphm≥ Ch∂p Fßs\ Ignbpw

F∂p ]d™p XΩn¬ hmZn®p. 53tbip AhtcmSp ]d™Xp: Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp

]dbp∂p; \nßƒ a\pjy]p{Xs‚ amwkw Xn∂msXbpw Ahs‚ c‡w IpSn°msXbpw Ccp∂m¬

\nßƒ°p D≈n¬ Poh≥ C√. 54Fs‚ amwkw Xn∂pIbpw Fs‚ c‡w IpSn°pIbpw sNøp∂h∂p

\nXyPoh≥ D≠p; Rm≥ HSp°sØ \mfn¬ Ahs\ Dbn¿sØgpt∂ev]n°pw. 55Fs‚ amwkw km£m¬

`£Whpw Fs‚ c‡w km£m¬ ]m\obhpw BIp∂p. 56Fs‚ amwkw Xn∂pIbpw Fs‚ c‡w

IpSn°pIbpw sNøp∂h≥ F∂nepw Rm≥ Ah\nepw hkn°p∂p. 57Poh\p≈ ]nXmhp Fs∂ Ab®n´p

Rm≥ ]nXmhn∑qew Pohn°p∂Xpt]mse Fs∂ Xn∂p∂h≥ F∑qew Pohn°pw. 58kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p

Cdßnh∂ A∏w CXp BIp∂p; ]nXm°∑m¿ Xn∂pIbpw acn°bpw sNbvXXpt]mse A√; Cu

A∏w Xn∂p∂h≥ Ft∂°pw Pohn°pw. 59Ah≥ I^¿∂lqan¬ D]tZin°ptºmƒ ]≈nbn¬sh®p

CXp ]d™p.

6:52

NASB ""hmZn®p''

NKJV ""iWvT-bn´p''

NRSV ""X¿°n®p''

TEV ""tIm]n®p X¿°n®p''

NJB ""X¿°w''

A]q¿Æ-Imew kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv H∂ns‚ XpS°sØ As√-¶n¬ apºp \S∂ph∂ H∂ns‚ XpS¿®-sb-

bmWv. ASn-]n-Sn-sb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ i‡-amb {Ko°p ]Z-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. {]hr. 7:26; 2 Xnsam. 2:23-˛24;

XosØm. 3:9). 2 sImcn. 7:5; bmt°m. 4:2˛1 ¬ Be-¶m-cn-I-ambpw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

� ""Xs‚ amwkw Xnt∂-≠-Xn∂p Xcp-hm≥ Ch∂p Fßs\ Ignbpw'' tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬

tbip Be-¶m-cnI `mj-bn-emWp kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv. AXv XpS¿am-\-ambn B£-cnI Imcy-ambn sX‰n-≤-cn-

°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp: (1) \nt°m-tZ-sam-kv, 3:4; (2) iacym kv{Xo, 4:11; (3) sblqZ ]pcp-jm-cw, 6:52; (4)

injy-∑m¿, 11:11.

6:53- 57 hm. 53 sebpw 54 sebpw {Inb-Iƒ hfsc Xmev]-cy-P-\-I-am-Wv. hm. 53 ¬ ""Xn∂pI,'' ""IpSn-°pI''

F∂nh kzta[bm ap≥I-sø-SpØp sNøp∂ {Inbm-flI {]hr-Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ kmam\y I¿Øcn

A\p-_-‘-ß-fm-Wv. hm. 54 se ""Xn∂pI,'' ""IpSn-°pI'' F∂nh XpS¿{]-hr-Ønsb Ipdn-°p∂ h¿Ø-am-\-

Ime I¿Øcn A]q¿Æ-{In-b-I-fp-am-Wv (H.-t\m. hm. 56,57,58). Hcp-h≥ tbip-hn-t\mSv {]mwc- -ambn {]Xn-I-cn-

°p-Ibpw XpS¿∂pw {]Xn-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw F∂ Du∂-em-WnXp \¬Ip-∂-sX∂p hy‡-

amWv (H. t\m. hm. 44).

Cu hmIyw A£-cn-I-ambn FSp-Ø-XmWv c‡w IpSn-°p-∂Xp kw_-‘n® `bw sblqZ-∑m-cn¬ D≠m-

Ip-hm≥ ImcWw (H.-t\m. tehy. 17:10˛14). acp- q-an-bnse a∂m-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ tbip-hns‚ hm°p-Isf B£-

cm¿∞-Øn¬ FSpØv (H.-t\m. hm. 58) Ahsb I¿Ør-ta-i-tbmSp _‘-s∏´ B£-cnI hN-\-ß-fmbn

_‘n-∏n-°p-∂Xv kmln-Xy-]-c-amb e£y-tØmsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ Ncn{X ]›m-Ø-e-sØbpw kmlnXy

kμ¿ -sØbpw Zpcp-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\p Xpey-am-Wv.

6:54 ""amwkw ... c‡w'' ""lrZbw'' F∂-Xp-t]mse apgp Bf-Xy-sØbpw Ipdn-°p∂ sblqZ ssien-bm-Wn-

Xv.

6:55 ""km£m¬ `£-Whpw ... km£m¬ ]m\o-bhpw'' tbml-∂ms‚ khn-ti-j-amb, kXy-amb/kXyw

F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ D]-tbm-K-am-Wn-Xv Xmsg-°m-Wp∂ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw {i≤n-°p-I. a‰p ]pXnb \nba

Fgp-Øp-Im¿°v hf-sc-°m-e-Øn-\p-tijw Fgp-Xp∂ tbml-∂m≥, At\I Zpcp-]-tZ-i-ß-fpsS hf¿® I≠-

XmWv (tbm-l-∂m≥ kv\m]-I\p e`n® {]m[m-\yw, IqZm-i-Iƒ°p e`n® AanX {]m[m-\yw, am\p-jnI

⁄m\-Øn\p e`n® AanX {]m[m\yw ˛ Kvt\mÃn-kn-kw).

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ""kXyw'' tbml-∂ms‚

Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ (se Bi-bw)Hc¿∞-Øn¬ tbml-∂m≥ temtKm-kns‚ (H.-t\m. 1:1˛14) Imcy-Øn¬ sNbvX-Xp-t]mse ""kXy''Øns‚

(A-eo-tX-bn-b˛alhqeia) F{_mb ]›m-Ø-ehpw {Ko°p ]›m-Ø-ehpw kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°p-∂p. F{_m-

129

b-bn¬ FtaØv (BDB 53) kXy-am-bXv AYhm hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-am-bXv F∂-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p

(sk-]v‰z-Pn‚n¬ an°-t∏mgpw ]nÃn-bpHm -(pisteuw) F∂-Xn-t\mSp tN¿Øv). CXp tbml-∂ms‚ Zzμz-

hm-Z-Øn\p tbPn-®-Xm-Wv. ssZhw X∂-Øs∂ ]p{X-\n¬ hy‡-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. A-eo-

tX-bn-b˛alhqeia bpsS A¿∞w shfn-®Øp sIm≠p-h-cnI, shfns∏-Sp-ØpI, hy‡-ambn {]Z¿in-∏n-

°p-I F∂m-Wv). hnhn[ \ne-I-fn¬ CXv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

1. \maw, A-eo-tX-bn-b˛alhqeia kXyw

a. tbip Ir]bpw kXyhpw \nd-™-h≥ (H.-t\m. 1:14,17 ˛ ]gb DS-ºSn ]Z-ßƒ)

b. tbm-l∂ms‚ km£y-Øns‚ {i≤m-tI{μw tbip-hm-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 1:32˛34; 18:37 ˛ Ah-

km\ ]g-b-\n-ba {]hm-N-I≥)

c. tbip kXyw kwkm-cn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 8:4,44,45,46 ˛ shfn-∏mSv ÿm\o-bhpw hy‡n-]-c-hp-

amWv)

d. tbip hgnbpw kXyhpw Poh\pw BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 14:6)

e. tbip kXy-Øn¬ Ahsc ip≤o-I-cn-°p∂p

f. tbip (tem-tKm-kv, 1:1˛3) BWv kXyw (H.-t\m. 17:17)

2. \mahnti-jWw, A-eo-Xokv˛alhqhj, kXyambXv, hnizm-k-tbm-KyambXv

a. tbiphns‚ km£yw (H.-t\m. 5:31˛31; 7:18; 8:13- 14)

b. tbip-hns‚ \ymb-hn[n (H.-t\m. 8:16)

3. \mahnti-jWw, A-eo-Xo\pkv˛alhqhnj, bYm¿∞ambXv, km£m¬

a. tbip kXy-sh-fn-®w BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 1:9)

b. tbip- km£m¬ A∏w BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 6:32)

c. tbip- km£m¬ ap¥n-cn-h≈n BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 15:1)

d. tbip- kXy km£n BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 19:35)

4. {Inbmhnti-jWw, A-eo-tXmkv˛alhqwj, kXyambn

a. tbip temI-Øns‚ shfn-®-sa∂v ia-cy-°m-cpsS km£yw (H.-t\m. 4:42)

b. tamsi-bpsS ImesØ a∂mbv°p hn]-co-X-ambn tbip km£m¬ `£-Whpw ]m\o-bhpw

(H.-t\m. 6:65)

kXyw F∂ ]Zhpw AXns‚ hI-t -Z-ßfpw tbiphns\-°p-dn-®p≈ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS km£yw A-eo-

Xokv˛alhqhj BsW∂p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p

a. tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]Is‚ km£yw kXyw BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 10:41)

b. tbml-∂ms‚ (F-gp-Øp-Im-c≥) km£yw kXyw BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 19:35; 21:24)

c. tbip- kXy-{]-hm-N-I-s\∂p I≠p (H.-t\m. 6:14; 7:40)

]pXnb \nb-a-Ønsebpw ]gn-b-\n-b-a-Ønsebpw kXysØ°p-dn-®p≈ \s√mcp N¿®bv°v tPm¿÷v

Cu. emUns‚ F \yq sSÃ-sa‚ v Xntbm-f-Pn, t]Pv 263- 269 ImWp-I.

6:56 ""F∂nepw Rm≥ Ah\nepw hkn-°p∂p'' CtX kXyw tbml-∂m≥ 15:4˛7; 1 tbml. 2:6,27,28; 3:6,24

epw ImWmw. 1 tbml. 2:10 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: hkn-°pI ImWp-I. hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS ÿnc-X-sb-°p-

dn®v ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ XpS¿am-\-ambn ImWp∂ Du∂-em-WnXv (H.-t\m. Kem. 6:9 ; shfn. 2:7,11,17,26;

3:5,12,21, 8:31 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I). bYm¿∞ {]Xn-I-cWw hne-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv XpS¿am-\-

amb {]Xn-I-c-W-Øm-em-Wv. ÿnc-X-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Cu Du∂emWv Ata-cn-°≥ kphn-ti-jo-I-c-W-Ønse

\jvS-s∏´ LS-Iw. Hcp-h≥ hnizm-k-Øn¬ Bcw- n-®m¬ am{Xw t]mcm, hnizm-k-Øn¬ Ah-km-\n-°p-Ibpw

thWw (F-{_m-b¿ 11). tbm\m-Ym≥ FtUz¿Uvkv ]d-™p, ""Hcp-h≥ A¥yw-hsc ]nSn-®p-\n-ev°p∂p F∂-

XmWv Xnc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ Dd-∏mb sXfn-hv.'' Uªyp. ‰n. tImW¿ ]d-™p, ""c£-bv°mbn Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´

Hcp a\p-jys‚ c£, \nXyX apX¬ \nXyX hsc ssZh-Øns‚ a\- nepw Dt±-iy-Ønepw Dd-∏mb Imcy-am-

Wv, F¶nepw AXv hnizm-k-Øn¬, ÿnc-am-bXpw hnP-bn-°p-∂-Xp-amb hnizm-k-Øn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-

°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.''

6:57 ""Poh\p≈ ]nXmhv'' Cu {]tbmKw AXp-ey-am-sW-¶nepw Cu Bibw ss__n-fn¬ IqsS-°qsS

ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ Cu t]cns‚ D¤-hsØ hnhn[ \ne-I-fn¬ hymJym-\n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

1. DS-ºSn ssZh-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ \maw (H.-t\m. ]pd. 3:12,14˛16; 6:2˛3; 6:20 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-

jbw ImWp-I)

2. ""F∂mW'' As√-¶n¬ ""btlm-h-bmW'' F∂ ssZh-Øns‚ BW (H.-t\m. kwJy. 14:21,28; sbi.

49:18; bnsc. 4:2)

3. ssZh-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hnh-c-W-ambn (H.-t\m. k¶o. 42:2; 84:2; tbmip. 3:10; bnsc. 10:10; Zm\o. 6:20,26;

tlmti. 1:10; aØm. 16:16; 26:63; {]hr. 14:15; tdma. 9:26; 2 sImcn. 3:3; 6:16; 1 sX . 1:9; 1 Xnsam. 3:15;

130

4:19; F{_m. 3:12; 9:14; 10:21; 12:22; shfn. 7:2)

4. ]nXm-hn\v X∂n-¬Xs∂ Poh-\p-s≠∂pw Ah-\Xp ]p{X\p \evIn-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂pw 5:26 se {]kvXm-

h-\bpw ]nXmhv acn-®-hsc Db¿Øn Pohn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse ]p{X\pw sNøp∂p F∂ 5:21 se

{]kvXm-h-\bpw

6:58 CXv ]gb\nb-ahpw ]pXn-b\n-b-ahpw tbiphpw tamsibpw XΩn-ep≈ Xmc-X-ay-am-Wv.

� ""]nXm°-∑m¿ Xn∂p-Ibpw acn-°bpw sNbvX-Xp-t]mse'' hwim-h-en-bn-eqsS As√-¶n¬ tamssiI

\ymb-{]-am-W-Øn-eqsS c£sb \nc-kn-°p∂p F∂p kqNn-∏n-°p∂ ssZh-imkv{X Dt±-iysØ ChnsS \nd-

th-‰p∂p (H.-t\m. 8:33˛39)

� ""Ft∂°pw'' Xmsg-bp≈ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: Ft∂°pw (Hemw)Hemw, ooslwc (BDB 761) F∂ F{_mb ]Z-Øns‚ hypXv]Øn \n›-b-an-√ (NIDOTTE, vol. 3, p.

345). hnhn[ A¿∞-ß-fn¬ AXp-]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v. Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm-Wv Xmsg-s°m-Sp-

Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

1. ]pcm-X\ Imcy-ßƒ

a. Bfp-Iƒ, Dev]. 6:4; 1 iaq. 27:8; bnsc. 5:15; 28:8

b. ÿe-ßƒ, sbi. 58:12; 61:4

c. ssZhw, k¶o. 93:2; kZr. 8:23; sbi. 63:16

d. hkvXp-°ƒ, Dev]. 49:26; Ctøm. 22:15; k¶o. 24:7,9; sbi. 46:9

e. kabw, Bh. 32:7; sbi. 51:9; 63:9,11

2. `mhn-Imew

a. Hcp-hs‚ Pohn-Xw, ]pd. 21:6; Bh. 15:17; 1 iaq. 1:22; 27:12

b. cmPm-hn-\p≈ ]pIgvN, 1 cmPm. 1:31; k¶o. 61:7; s\sl. 2:3

c. XpS¿am-\-amb \ne-\nev]v

(1) `qan, k¶o. 78:69; 104:5; k`m. 1:4

(2) BIm-iw, k¶o. 148:6

d. ssZhnI BkvXnIyw

(1) Dev]. 21:33

(2) ]pd. 15:18

(3) Bh. 32:40

(4) k¶o. 93:2

(5) sbi. 40:28

(6) bnsc. 10:10

(7) Zm\o. 12:7

e. DS-ºSn

(1) Dev]. 9:12,16; 17:7,13,19

(2) ]pd. 31:16

(3) tehy. 24:8

(4) kwJy. 18:19

(5) 2 iaq. 23:5

(6) k¶o. 105:10

(7) sbi. 24:5; 55:3; 61:8

(8) bnsc. 32:40; 50:5

f. Zmho-Zn-t\m-Sp≈ {]tXyI DS-ºSn

(1) 2 iaq. 7:13,16,25,29; 22:51; 23:5

(2) 2 cmPm. 2:33,34; 9:5

(3) 2 Zn\. 13:5

(4) k¶o. 18:50; 89:4,28,36,37

(5) sbi. 9:7; 16:5; 37:35; 55:3

g. ssZhØns‚ ainlm

(1) k¶o. 45:2; 72:17; 89:35˛36; 110:4

131

(2) sbi. 9:6

h. ssZhØns‚ \ymb-{]-amWw

(1) ]pd. 29:28; 30:21

(2) tehy. 6:18,22; 7:34; 10:15; 24:9

(3) kwJy. 18:8,11,19

(4) k¶o. 119:89,160

(5) sbi. 59:21

i. ssZhØns‚ hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ

(1) 2 iaq. 7:13,16,25; 22:51

(2) 1 cmPm. 9:5

(3) k¶o. 18:50

(4) sbi. 40:8

i. A{_m-lm-ans‚ k¥-Xn-Ifpw hmKvZ-Ø -tZ-ihpw

(1) Dev]. 13:15; 17:18; 48:4

(2) ]pd. 32:13

(3) 1 Zn\. 16:17

k. DS-ºSn D’-h-ßƒ

(1) ]pd. 12:14,17,24

(2) tehy. 23:14,21,41

(3) kwJy. 10:8

l. F∂pw Ft∂°pw

(1) 1 cmPm. 8:13

(2) k¶o. 61:7˛8; 77:8; 90:2; 103:17; 145:13

(3) sbi. 26:4; 45:17

(4) Zm\o. 9:24

m. hnizm-kn-Iƒ \nXy-ambn sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®p k¶o¿Ø-\-ßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv

(1) kvtXm{Xw sNøpw, k¶o. 30:12; 79:13

(2) Ahs‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ hkn-°pw, k¶o. 41:12; 61:4,7

(3) Ahs‚ Icp-a-bn¬ B{i-bn-°pw, k¶o. 52:8

(4) btlm-hsb kvXpXn-°pw, k¶o. 52:9

(5) kvXpXn ]mSpw, k¶o. 61:7; 89:1

(6) Ahs‚ \oXnsb tLmjn-°pw, k¶o. 75:9

(7) Ahs‚ \masØ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øpw, k¶o. 86:12; 145:2

(8) Ahs‚ hmgvØpw, k¶o. 145:1

3. ap≥Ime ka-bhpw ]nev°me ka-bhpw (""\n-Xy-X-ap-X¬ \nXy-X-hsc-'')

a. k¶o. 41:3 (ssZ-hsØ kvXpXn-°p-I)

b. k¶o. 90:2 (ssZhw)

c. k¶o. 103:17 (btlm-h-bpsS Zb)

Hm¿°p-I, kμ¿ -amWv ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞w \n›-bn-°p-∂-Xv. \nXy-\n-b-a-ßfpw hmKvZ-Ø-ßfpw tkm]m-

[n-I-amWv (A-Xm. bnsc-aymhv 7). hfsc hg-°-ap≈ Cu ]Z-Øns‚ Hmtcm ]gb \nba D]-tb-Khpw

\nß-fpsS B[p-\nI ]cn-`m-jtbm As√-¶n¬ hyh-ÿnX ssZh-im-kv{Xtam D]-tbm-Kn®p hmbn-°p-

tºmƒ {]tXyIw {i≤n-°p-I. ]pXn-b-\n-baw ]g-b-\n-ba hmKvZ-Ø-ßsf km¿Δ-eu-In-I-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-

∂p.

6:59 tbip Xs‚ ImesØ sblq-Z-a-X-amWv A\p-jvTn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Ah≥ kn\-tKmKv kvIqfn¬ ]Tn-°p-I-

bpw, Hcp kn\-tKm-Kn¬ (]-≈n) Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw kn\-tKm-Kn¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \ym{]-am-W-Øns‚

apgp-h≥ \nb-a-ßfpw Ah≥ A\p-k-cn-®p.

_mt_¬ {]hm-k-Im-e-ØmWv kn\-tKmKv ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn Bcw- n-®Xv (F.-Un. 605- 538). Ipd-™Xv

10 sbloZ ]pcp-j-∑m¿ D≈ F√m ÿeØpw Ah¿ Bcm-[-\bv°pw \ymb{]-amW ]T\Øn-\p-ambn kn\-

tKm-Kp-Iƒ Bcw-`n-®p. Ch sblqZ kwkvIm-cßfp-sSbpw BNm-c-ß-fpsSbpw kwc-£W tI{μ-ß-fmbn

amdn. sblq-Z-∑m¿ sblq-Zy-bn-te°pw ssZhm-eb Bcm-[-\-bn-te°pw aS-ßn-h-∂-t∏mƒ Cu {]mtZ-inI

tI{μ-ßsf A\¿ \ne-\n¿Øn.

tbip Ft∏m-gmWv I^¿∂-lq-anse ]≈n-bn¬ {]th-in-®-sX∂v A[ymbw 6 ¬ ]d-bp-∂n√ (H.-t\m.

hm. 24).

132

tbml-∂m≥ 6:60- 65

60Ahs‚ injy∑m¿ ]ecpw AXp tI´n´p; CXp ITn\hm°p, CXp B¿°p tIƒ∏m≥ Ignbpw

F∂p ]d™p. 61injy∑m¿ AXns\s®m√n ]ndp]ndp°p∂Xp tbip X∂n¬Øt∂ Adn™p

AhtcmSp: CXp \nßƒ°p CS¿® BIp∂pthm? 62a\pjy]p{X≥ apsº Ccpt∂StØ°p Ibdnt∏m

Ip∂Xp \nßƒ I≠mtem? 63Pohn∏n°p∂Xp Bflmhp BIp∂p; amwkw H∂n∂pw D]Icn

°p∂n√; Rm≥ \nßtfmSp kwkmcn® hN\ßƒ Bflmhpw Poh\pw BIp∂p. 64F¶nepw hnizkn

°mØh¿ \nßfpsS CSbn¬ D≠p F∂p ]d™p. hnizkn°mØh¿ C∂h¿ F∂pw Xs∂

ImWn®psImSp°p∂h≥ C∂h≥ F∂pw tbip BZnapX¬ Adn™ncp∂p. 65CXp tlXphmbn´

t{X Rm≥ \nßtfmSp: ]nXmhp Ir] \evIo´√msX, B¿°pw Fs‚ ASp°¬ hcphm≥ IgnIbn√

F∂p ]d™Xp F∂pw Ah≥ ]d™p.

6:60 ""injy-∑m¿ ]ecpw'' ""injy≥'' F∂ Cu ]-Z-Øn\v hnim-e-amb A¿∞-am-Wp-≈-Xv. tbml-∂m-\n¬

Cu ]Zhpw ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂ ]Zhpw (1) bYm¿∞ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ (hm. 68), (2) XmevIm-enI A\p-bm-

bn-Iƒ (hm. 64; H.-t\m. 8:31- 47) F∂o c≠v A¿∞-Ønepw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v.

� ""tIƒ∏m≥ Ignbpw'' ""tIƒ°pI'' (A°q-thm, akouw) F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ Hcp hn\ymkw ChnsS ImWmw.

Ah¿ tbip-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ tI´p, ]t£ Ah¿°Xp a\- n-em-Ip-Itbm AX-\p-k-cn®v Ah¿ {]h¿Øn-

°p-Itbm sNbvXn-√. Cu A¿∞-Øn¬ Cu {Ko°p ]Zw F{_mb tjam bv°p Xpey-am-Wv (A-h. 4:1; 5:1;

6:3,4; 27:9˛10).

6:62 CXv Ah-km-\-an-√m-ØXpw A]q¿Æ-hp-amb DØa ]pcpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wv. Ah-cXp ImWp-

sa∂ kqN-\-bm-Wp-≈Xv (H.-t\m. {]hr. 1). tbip-hns‚ acWw/]p\-cp-∞m\w/kz¿§m-tcm-l-Ww, Bflm-

hns‚ Ah-tcm-lWw F∂nh-bv°p-tijw tbip-hns‚ D]-tZ-i-ßfpw {]hr-Øn-Ifpw F√mw Xs∂ Ah¿°v

A¿∞-h-Øm-bn-Øo¿∂p.

� ""apsº Ccp-t∂-S-tØ°p Ib-dn-t∏mbmtem'' ""tbip kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂pw Cd-ßn-h∂p'' F∂-Xns‚

XpS¿am-\-amb Du∂-em-Wn-Xv. kz¿§-Øn¬ ]nXm-hn-t\m-sSm-∏-ap≈ Ahs‚ ]q¿Δm-kvXn-Iy-sØbpw kz¿§-

Øn¬ ]nXm-hn-t\m-sSm-∏-ap≈ Ahs‚ Bg-amb _‘-sØ-bp-am-WnXp ImWn-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 17:5, 24).

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: kz¿§m-tcm-lWwtbip kz¿§-Øn-te°p XncnsI t]mb-Xns\ hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ hnhn[ {Ko°p ]Z-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v.

{]hr. 1:2,11,22; A\m-ew-_m-t\m (analambanw) FSp-°s∏SpI (H.-t\m. 1 Xnsam. 3:16). CXv 2 cmPm. 2:9,11

¬ Geobm-hns\ kz¿§-Øn-te°v FSp-°p-∂-Xn\pw IqSmsX 1 a°m-_y¿ 2:58 epw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v.

1. {]hr. 1:9, Fss∏dmthm (epairaw), Db¿Øp-I, s]m°p-I, Db-¿Øn \n¿ØpI

2. eqs°mkv 9:51, A\m-se-]vknkv (aneleyij) (#1 \p Xpeyw)

3. Uobo-sÃan (diistemi), hmßn-t∏m-IpI

4. tbml. 6:62, A\m-_m-bnt\m (anabainw) Btcm-lWw sNøpI

Cu kw`hw aØm-bn-bp-sStbm a¿s°mkn-s‚tbm kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n-√. a¿s°m-kns‚

kphn-tijw 16:8 ¬ Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p, F∂m¬ ]n∂o-Sp≈ aq∂p ]nev°me Iq´n-t®¿°-ep-Ifn¬ 16:19

¬ (A-Xm. A\m-ew-_m-t\m (analambanw) Cu kw -hsØ hnh-cn-°p-∂p≠v.

6:63 6˛mw A[ym-b-Ønse hnime kμ¿`-Øn¬, Cu hmIyw, ]gb \nb-a-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn ]pXnb \nb-a-

sØbpw tamsi-bvs°-Xn-cmbn tbip-hn-s\bpw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xm-Im≥ km[y-X-bp≠v (H.-t\m. hm. 58; 2

sImcn. 3:6, Cu c≠p \nb-a-ß-fp-sSbpw XmcXayw F{_m-b-te-J-\-Øn¬ ImWp-I).

� ""Pohn-∏n-°p-∂Xp Bflm-hm-Ip∂p'' tbip-hn-s\bpw Bflm-hn-s\bpw Hcp-t]mse kqNn-∏n-°m-\p-]-

tbm-Kn-°p∂ At\I {]tbm-K-ß-fn¬ H∂m-Wn-Xv.

1. Bflmhv Poh≥ \evIp∂ Pew (7:38- 39)

2. tbip Poh-Pew BIp∂p (4:10˛14)

3. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv kXy-Øns‚ Bflm-hm-Ip∂p (14:17; 15:26; 16:13)

4. tbip kXy-am-Ip∂p (14:6)

5. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Imcy-ÿ≥ (B-izm-k-{]-Z≥) BIp∂p (14:16,26; 15:26; 16:7)

6. tbip Imcy-ÿ≥ (B-izm-k-{]-Z≥) BIp∂p (1 tbml. 2:1)

133

14:16 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWpI

Cu hmIy-Øn¬ ""Bflmhv'' (pneuma) c≠p {]tXyI A¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp ImWp-I.

1. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv (H.-t\m. 1:32,33; 3:34; 7:39; 14:17; 15:26; 16:13)

2. BflnIw (H.-t\m. 4:24; 11:33; 13:21)

tbml. 3:5,6,8 ¬ GX¿∞-Øn-em-Wp-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂p a\- n-em-°pI {]bm-k-I-c-am-Wv. tbml-

∂m-\n-¬ Bb-Xn-\m¬ c≠¿∞-Øn-ep-am-Imw.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw:

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ Bflmhv (pneumapneumapneumapneumapneuma)""Bflmhv'' F∂-Xn-\p≈ {Ko°p ]Zw hnhn[ \ne-I-fn¬ ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. {]mXn-

\n[y kz`m-h-ap≈ Nne hI-t -Z-ßfpw DZm-l-c-W-ßfpw CXm.

A. {XntbI ssZh-Øn\v

1. ]nXm-hn\v (H.-t\m. tbml. 4:24)

2. ]p{X\v (H.-t\m. tdma. 8:9˛10; 2 sImcn. 3:17; Kem. 4:6; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:11)

3. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn\v (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 1:11; aØm. 3:16; 10:20; tbml. 3:5,6,8; 7:39; 14:17; {]hr.

2:4; 5:9; 8:29,35; tdma. 1:4; 8:11,16; 1 sImcn. 2:4,10,11,13,14; 12:7)

B. am\p-jnI {]mW\v

1. tbip-hns‚ (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 8:12; tbml. 11:33,38; 13:21)

2. a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚ (H.-t\m. aØm. 22:43; {]hr. 7:59; 17:16; 20:22; tdma. 1:9; 8:16; 1 sImcn. 2:11;

5:3˛5; 7:34; 15:45; 16:18; 2 sImcn. 2:13; 7:13; ^nen. 4:23; sImsem. 2:5)

C. BflnI aWvUe-Øn\v

1.- B-flnI Pohn-Iƒ

a. \√-h¿ (A-Xm. ZqX-∑m¿, H.-t\m. {]hr. 23:8˛9; F{_m. 1:14)

b. ZpjvS-X-bp≈ (A-Xm. ss]im-Nn-I, H.-t\m. aØm. 8:16; 10:1; 12:43,45; {]hr. 5:16; 8:7; 16:16;

19:12- 21; Fs^. 6:12)

c. `qX-ßƒ (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 24:37)

2. BflnI hnth-N\w (H.-t\m. aØm. 5:3; 26:41; tbml. 3:6; 4:23; {]hr. 18:25; 19:21; tdma. 2:29;

7:6; 8:4,10; 12:11; 1 sImcn. 14:37)

3. BflnI Imcy-ßƒ (H.-t\m. tbml. 6:63; tdma. 2:29; 8:2,5,9,15; 15:27; 1 sImcn. 9:11; 14:12)

4. BflnI hc-ßƒ (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 12:1; 14:1)

5. Bflm-hns‚ {]tN-Z\w (H.-t\m. aØm. 22:43; eqs°m. 2:27; Fs^. 1:17)

6. BflnI icocw (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 15:44˛45)

D. hI-Xn-cn-°p∂p

1.- temI-Øns‚ at\m- m-hsØ (H.-t\m. tdma. 8:15; 11:8; 1 sImcn. 2:12)

2. a\p-jys‚ Nn¥m-{]-{In-bsb (H.-t\m. {]hr. 6:10; tdma. 8:6; 1 sImcn. 4:2)

E. ùXnI aWvU-e-Øn\v

1.- Im‰v (H.-t\m. aØm. 7:25,27; tbml. 3:8; {]hr. 2:2)

2. izmkw (H.-t\m. {]hr. 17:25; 2 sX . 2:8)

Cu ]Zw AXns‚ At∏mgsØ kμ¿`-a\p-k-cn®v hymJym\nt°-≠-Xm-sW∂p hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.

\ap°p ]cn-K-Wn-°m-hp∂ hnhn[ A¿∞-ß-fm-Wn-Xn-\p-≈Xv: (1) ùXnI temIw; (2) AZriy temIw;

(3) Cu ùXnI temI-Ønepw BflnI aWvU-e-Ønepw D≈ hy‡n-Iƒ.

Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Cu L -Øn¬ ]c-am-[n-Im-cn-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂ {XntbI ssZh-Øns‚

`mK-amWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv. \∑-bm-bXpw hnip-≤-am-bXpw t\cm-bXpw kXy-am-bXpw F√mw Ah-t\mSp

_‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. Ahs‚ km∂n-[yhpw hc-ßfpw ip{iq-jbpw kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ hym]vXn°pw ssZh-

cm-Py-Øns‚ hnP-b-Øn\pw \n¿ÆmbIamb LSI-amWv (H.-t\m. tbml. 14, 16). Ah≥ ]m]-t_m[w

hcp-Øp-I-bpw, t_m[yw hcp-Øp-Ibpw t{]cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw kIe hnizm-kn-I-sfbpw

hf¿®-bn-te°p \bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (H.-t\m. tbml. 16:8˛11).

6:64 Cu hymP A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ \n∂pw hyP A\p-bm-bnsb ˛ bqZm ˛ th¿Xn-cn®p ImWn-

°p∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 70- 71; 13:11). hnizm-k-Øns‚ Xe-ßsf kw_-‘n®v a¿Ωw \ne-\nev°p∂p≠v.

134

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn -jbw: ]n∑m‰w (A-^n-Ão-an -˛

afisthmiafisthmiafisthmiafisthmiafisthmi)

(A- n-Ão-an - afisthmi) F∂ {Ko°p ]Z-Øn\v hfcw hnim-e-amb `mjm-]-c-amb Xe-ap-≠v. Cw•o-

jnse At∏m-Ãkn CXn¬\n-∂p-≠m-bXmWv. B[p-\nI hmb-\-°m-cn¬ ap≥hn[n \nd-bv°m≥ ]cym-

]vX-am-Wv B ]Zw. h¿Ø-am-\-Ime \n¿Δ-N-\-a-√, kμ¿ -amWv A¿∞w a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ Xmt°m¬.

""...¬\n∂v'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ At∏m, ""Ccn-°pI,'' ""\n¬°p-I,'' ""Dd-∏n-°pI'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ lnsÃan

F∂o ]Z-ß-fpsS kwbp-‡-am-Wn-Xv. Xmsg-s°m-Sp-Øn-cn-°p∂ (th-Z-im-kv{X-]-c-a-√m-Ø) D]-tbm-K-ßƒ

{i≤n-°pI:

1. `uXn-I-ambn \o°w sNøpI

a. ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬\n∂pw, eqs°m. 2:37

b. Hcp ho´n¬\n∂pw, a¿s°m. 13:34

c. Hcp hy‡nbn¬\n∂pw, a¿s°m. 12:12; 14:50; {]hr. 5:38

d. kIe ImcyØn¬\n∂pw, aØm. 19:27,29

2. cmjv{Sob-ambn \o°w sNøpI, {]hr. 5:37

3. Bt]£nIambn \o°w sNøpI, {]hr. 5:38; 15:38; 19:9; 22:29

4. \nb-a-]c-ambn \o°w sNøpI (hn-hm-l-tam-N-\w), Bh. 24:1,3 (LXX), aØm. 5:31; 19:7; a¿s°m.

10:4; 1 sImcn. 7:11

5. Hcp ISw \o°w sNøpI, aØm. 18:24

6. hn´p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-eqsS Icp-X-en-√mbva shfn-s∏-Sp-ØpI, aØm. 4:20; 22:27; tbml. 4:28; 16:32

7. hn´p-t]m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS Icp-X¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-ØpI, tbml. 8:29; 14:18

8. A\p-h-Zn-°p-I, kΩ-Xn-°p-I, aØm. 13:30; 19:14; a¿s°m. 14:6; eqs°m. 13:8

ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ {Inbbv°v hnim-e-amb D]-tbmK-am-Wp-≈Xv:

1. Akm-[p-hm-°p-I, £an-°p-I, ]m]Øns‚ Ip‰w £an-°pI, ]pd. 32:32 (LXX); kwJy. 14:19;

Ctøm. 42:10; ]pXnb \nb-aw, aØm. 6:12,14˛15; a¿s°m. 11:25- 26

2. ]m]-Øn¬\n∂v Hgn-™n-cn-°p-I, 2 Xnsam. 2:19

3. AI∂p \n¬°p-∂-Xn-eqsS Ah-K-Wn-°pI:

a. \ymb-{]-amWw, aØm. 23:23; {]hr. 21:21

b. hnizmkw, sbsl. 20:8 (LXX); eqs°m. 8:13; 2 sX . 2:3; 1 Xnsam. 4:1; F{_m. 2:13

]pXnb \nba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Hcn-°epw Nn¥n-®n-´p-t]m-ep-an-√mØ At\I ssZh-imkv{X tNmZy-ßƒ

B[p-\nI hnizm-kn-Iƒ tNmZn-°pw. CXn-sem∂v hnizm-ksØ hniz-kvX-X-bn¬\n∂pw AI‰n \n¿Øp-

hm-\p≈ {]h-W-X-bn¬\n∂pw h∂-Xm-Wv.

ssZh-P-\-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-´-h-cmb Nne Bfp-I-sf°p-dn®p ss__n-fn¬ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. Ah¿°p NneXp

kw`-hn-®p.

I. ]g-b -\n-baw

A. H‰p-t\m-°m≥ t]mb 12 (10) t]cpsS dnt∏m¿´p tI -h¿, kwJy. 14 (H.-t\m. F{_m. 3:16- 19)

B. tImclv, kwJym. 16

C. Gen-bpsS ]p{X-∑m¿, 1 iaq. 2, 4

D. iu¬, 1 iaq. 11- 31

E. I≈-{]-hm-N-I-∑m¿ (D-Zm-l-c-W-ßƒ)

1. Bh. 13:1˛15; 18:19˛22 (I-≈-{]-hm-N-Is\ Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ hgn-Iƒ)

2. bnsc-aymhv 28

3. sbsl-kvtI¬ 13:1˛7

F. I≈-{]-hm-N-Inam¿

1. sbsl-kvtI¬ 13:17

2. s\sl-aymhv 6:14

G. bn{km-tb-ens‚ ZpjvS {]am-Wn-am¿ (D-Zm-l-c-W-ßƒ)

1. bnsc-aymhv 5:30˛31; 8:1˛2; 23:1˛4

2. sbsl-kvtI¬ 22:23-˛31

3. aoJm 3:5˛12

II. ]pXn-b -\n-baw

A. Cu {Ko°p ]Zw A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ ]n∑m-‰pI F∂mWv. c≠mw hc-hn-\p-apºv ZpjvShpw hymP-

135

hp-amb D]-tZ-ißfpsS Xo{hX h¿≤n-°p-sa∂v ]gb \nb-ahpw ]pXnb \nb-ahpw Hcp-t]mse

ap∂-dn-bn∏p Xcp∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 24:24; a¿s°m. 13:22; {]hr. 20:29,30; 2 sX . 2:9˛12; 2 Xnsam.

4:4). Cu {Ko°p-]-Zw, aØm. 13; a¿s°m. 4; eqs°mkv 8 F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ hnX-Im-cs‚

D]-a-bn¬ tbip ]d™ hm°p-Isf {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu I≈ D]-tZ-jvSm-°ƒ hnizm-kn-I-

f-s√∂p hy‡-am-Wv, F¶nepw Ah¿ D≈n¬\n∂pw h∂-h-cmWv (H.-t\m. {]hr. 20:29˛30; 1 tbml.

2:19).; F¶nepw A]Iz hnizm-kn-Isf \in-∏n-°p-hm\pw ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-hm\pw Ah¿°p Ignbpw

(H.-t\m. F{_m. 3:12).

I≈ D]-tZ-jvSm-°ƒ Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂pthm? F∂-XmWv ssZh-imkv{X

tNmZyw. DØcw ]d-bm≥ {]bm-k-ap≈ tNmZy-am-Wn-Xv, ImcWw Ah¿ {]mtZ-inI k -I-fnse

Zpcp-]-tZ-jvSm-°-fm-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 1 tbml. 2:18- 19). ]e-t∏mgpw \ΩpsS ssZh-imkv{X As√-

¶n¬ k`m-hn- mK ]mc-º-cy-ßƒ CXn-\p-Øcw \¬Ip-∂Xv IrXy-amb thZ-]p-kvXI `mK-ßƒ

]Tn-°m-sX-bmWv (H-cp-hs‚ hmZw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn kμ¿ -Øn¬\n∂pw AS¿Øn-sb-SpØv

D≤-cn-°p∂ coXn-bmWp ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv).

B. hnizm-k-Øns‚ hy‡X

1. bqZm, tbml. 17:12

2. intam≥ amKkv, {]hr. 8

3. aØm. 7:13- 23 ¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-h¿

4. aØm. 13; a¿s°mkv 4; eqs°mkv 8 F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-h¿

5. tbml-∂m≥ 8:31- 39 se sblq-Z-∑m¿

6. Ae-Ivk-¥cpw lpa-\-sbm-kpw, 1 Xnsam. 1:19- 20

7. 1 Xnsam. 6:21 se Bfp-Iƒ

8. lpa-\-sbmkpw ^nse-tØm-kpw, 2 Xnsam. 2:16˛18

9. tZam-kv, 2 Xnsam. 4:10

10. I≈ D]-tZ-jvSm-°ƒ, 1 ]s{Xm. 2:19- 22; bqZm hm. 12- 19

11. FXn¿{In-kvXp, 1 tbml. 2:18- 19

C. ê-an-√mØ hnizmkw

1. 1 sImcn. 3:10- 15

2. 2 ]s{Xmkv 1:8˛11

C∂ coXn-bn¬ {]Xn-I-cn-°-W-sa∂v \n¿t±-in-°p∂ \ΩpsS hyh-ÿnX ssZh-imkv{Xw \nanØw

(Im¬hn-\n-kw, A¿Ωo-\n-b-\nkw BZn.) Cu thZ- m-K-ß-sf-°p-dn®v \mw A]q¿Δ-ambn am{Xta Nn¥n-

°m-dp-≈p. Rm≥ Cu hnjbw FSp-Øn- -Xn-\m¬ Fs∂- ap≥hn-[n-tbmsS ImW-cp-Xv. Fs‚ hnjbw icn-

bmb thZ-]p-kvXI hymJym-\-amWv. ss__nƒ \tΩmSp kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-I, ap≥Iqń

Xocp-am-\n® ssZh-im-kv{X-Øn-eqsS AXns\ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {ian-°-cp-Xv. \ΩpsS ssZh-im-kv{X-

Øn-e-[n-Ihpw k`m-hn- m-K-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-]-chpw As√-¶n¬ _‘-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈Xpw

(]n-Xm-hv, amXm-hv, ]mÃ¿) BWv A√msX thZ-]p-kvX-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-X√ F∂Xv thZ-\m-P-\-

Ihpw sRń-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. ssZh-P-\-Øn-epƒs∏´ Nne¿ ssZh-P-\-a-√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp∂p (tdm-a¿ 9:6).

6:65 CXv hm. 44 se AtX kXysØ shfns∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy-h¿§w kz¥-\n-e-bn¬ Hcn-

°epw ssZhsØ At\z-jn-°p-I-bn√ (a-\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ ]m]m-h-ÿbpw a’-chpw FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-°p∂

]gb \nba D≤-c-Wn-I-fpsS ]c-º-cbv°v tdma. 3:9˛18 ImWp-I).

tbml-∂m≥ 6:66- 71

66A∂papX¬ Ahs‚ injy∑mcn¬ ]ecpw ]n≥hmßnt∏mbn, ]ns∂ Aht\mSp IqsS

k©cn®n√. 67BIbm¬ tbip ]¥ncphtcmSp: \nßƒ°pw s]mbvs°mƒhm≥ a\ pt≠m F∂p

tNmZn®p. 68intam≥ ]s{Xmkv Aht\mSp: I¿Ømth, Rßƒ BcpsS ASp°¬ t]mIpw?

\nXyPohs‚ hN\ßƒ \ns‚ ]°¬ D≠p. 69\o ssZhØns‚ ]cnip≤≥ F∂p Rßƒ

hnizkn®pw Adn™pw Ccn°p∂p F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 70tbip AhtcmSp: \nßsf ]{¥≠p

t]sc Rm≥ Xncs™SpØn√tbm? F¶nepw \nßfn¬ HcpØ≥ Hcp ]nimNp BIp∂p F∂p

DØcw ]d™p. CXv Ah≥ intam≥ CukvItcymØmhns‚ aI\mb bqZsb°pdn®p ]d™p.71Ch≥ ]¥ncphcn¬ HcpØ≥ F¶nepw Ahs\ ImWn®psImSp∏m\p≈h≥ Bbncp∂p.

6:67 ""]¥n-cp-h¿'' As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS Iq´sØ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ tbml-∂m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Cu ]Z-

Øns‚ BZy D]-tbmKw (H.-t\m. 6:70,71; 20:24). 6:13 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

136

6:68 ""intam≥ ]s{Xmkv ... DØcw ]d™p'' ]¥ncphcpsS h‡m-hm-bn-cp∂p ]s{Xmkv (H.-t\m. aØm.

16:16). Ah¿ Ahs\ Ah-cpsS t\Xm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn®p F∂nXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂n√ (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 9:34;

eqs°m. 9:46; 22:24).

� ""\nXy-Po-hs‚ hN-\-ßƒ \ns‚ ]°¬ D≠v'' {InkvXym-\nXzw F∂Xv (1) Hcp ktμ-i-Øn¬ AS-

ßn-bn-cn°p∂ kXyw, ""\nXy-Po-hs‚ hN-\-ßƒ''; (2) Hcp hy‡n-bn¬ ˛ tb-ip-{InkvXp ˛ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-

s∏´ kXy-hp-amWv. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ kphn-tijw Htc-k-abw Hcp ktμ-ihpw Hcp hy‡nbpw BIp-∂p.

]nÃnkv F∂ ]Zw (1) Hcp ktμiw (H.-t\m. bqZm 3, 20), (2) Hcp hy‡n (H.-t\m. tbml. 1:12; 3:15- 16) F∂n-

h-tbmSp _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

6:69 ""Rßƒ hniz-kn®pw Adn™pw Ccn-°p∂p'' Ch c≠pw ]q¿Øn-bmb I¿Øcn kqN-I-ß-fm-Wv.

hm. 53 ¬ c£ `qXIm-e-Øn¬ ]q¿Øn-bmb {]hr-Øn-bm-Wv. hm. 40,53,54,56,57 ¬ c£ \S∂psIm-≠n-cn-

°p∂ h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn-em-Wv. c£ ChnsS Hcn-°-embn ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏- `qX-Ime {]hr-Øn-bm-Wv.

kXy-amb c£-bn¬ F√m {InbmIme-ßfpw Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. 9:7 se {]-tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: c£bv°v

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ {Ko°v {InbmIme-ßƒ ImWp-I.

�

NASB, NRSV, NJB ""\o ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-≤≥ BIp∂p''

NKJV ""\o Poh-\p≈ ssZh-Øns‚ ]p{X-\mb {InkvXp BIp∂p''

TEV ""\o ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p h∂ ]cn-ip-≤≥ BIp∂p''

ChnsS Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ Hcp {]iv\w ImWp-∂p-≠v. {lkz-amb ]mTw (NASB, NRSV, NJB) ]pcm-

X\ Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fmb P75, a, B, C*, D, L, W F∂n-h-bpsS ]n≥_-e-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. ]nev°me ]I¿s∏gp-

Øp-Im¿ 11:27 se am¿Ø-bpsS G‰p-]-d-®n-en¬\n-t∂m, 16:16 se ]s{Xm-kns‚ G‰p-]-d-®n-en¬\n-t∂m, Iq´n-

t®¿Ø-Xm-Imw. {lkz-amb ]mTØn\v UBS4 “A” td‰nw-KmWp (D-d-∏p-≈-Xv) \¬Ip-∂Xv.

""ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-≤≥'' F∂ {]tbmKw Hcp ain-sslI t]cm-Wv. eqs°m. 1:35 epw {]hr. 3:14 epw

CXns‚ kqN-\-I-fp-≠v. Cu t]cmWv a¿s°mkv 1:24 epw eqs°mkv 4:34 epw Aip-≤m-flmhv tbip-hns\

hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. 1 tbml. 2:20 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I. aØmbn 16 teXn\p kam-\-ambn ]¥n-cp-h-

cpsS as‰mcp hnizmk {]Jym-]-\-am-Wn-Xv.

6:70 ""\nßsf ... Rm≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn-√tbm?'' injy-∑m-cpsS ssZhnI Xnc-s™-Sp∏p kw_-‘n® as‰mcp

D∂-em-Wn-Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 44, 65). hm. 67 se tbip-hns‚ tNmZyw {i≤n-°p-I. ssZhnI Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw am\p-

jnI k∂-≤-Xbpw AXns‚ thZ-]p-kvXI kwL¿jw \ne-\n¿tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. Ah DS-ºSn _‘-Øns‚

c≠p hi-ß-fm-Wv.

� ""F¶nepw \nß-fn¬ Hcp-Ø≥ Hcp ]nim-Nm-Ip∂p'' Fs¥mcp sR´n-∏n-°p∂ {]kvXm-h\! ]n∑m-dn-

t∏mb kz¥-amb A`n-{]m-b-ß-fp≈ Hcp injy-s\-∏-‰n-b-√nXv (H.-t\m. hm. 66) adn®v Ah-\n¬ hnizmkw

A¿∏n® Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ ]{¥≠v t]cn¬ Hcm-sf-°p-dn-®m-bn-cp-∂p. At\-I¿ CXns\ 13:2 t\mtSm 27

t\mtSm _‘n-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu hmIy-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ \ΩpsS Adnhv kw_-‘n®v At\I tNmZy-ß-fp-b-cp-

∂p≠v: (1) F¥p-sIm-≠mWv tbip Hcp ]nim-Nns\ Xnc-s™-Sp-ØXv? (2) Cu kμ¿Øne Cu ]Z-Øns‚

A¿∞-sa-¥mWv?

H∂m-asØ tNmZyw ap≥Iq¿ {]h-N-\-sØ _m[n-°p-∂-XmWv (H.-t\m. 17:12; k¶o. 41:9). bqZm F¥p

sNøp-sa∂v tbip Adn-™n-cp-∂p. £an-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]-Øns‚ BXy-¥nI amXr-I-bmWv bqZm. At\I

h¿j-ßƒ Ah≥ tbip-hns‚ IqsS \S-°p-Ibpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw sNbvXn´pw Ahs\ X≈n-

°-f-™p.

c≠m-asØ tNZy-Øn\v km[y-amb c≠v A¿∞-ß-fp≠v.

1. Nne¿ CXns\ ]nim-Nv (kmØm\v {]-hr. 13:10 epw k¶o. 41:9 epw hnth-NI t`ZIw D]-tbm-Kn-

°mØ-Xp-t]mse) bqZm-bn¬ {]th-in-®-Xn-t\mSp _‘n-∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 13:2,27).

2. Cu ]Zw s]mXp-hmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xm-bn-cn-°m≥ km[y-X-bp≠v (1 Xnsam. 3:11; 2 Xnsam. 3:3; XosØm.

2:3 epw F∂-t]mse hnth-NI t`ZIw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂n√).

]gb \nba A¿∞-Øn¬ bqZm kmØm-s\-t∏mse Ip‰w Npa-Øp-∂-h-\mWv (12:31 se {]-tXyI ]T-\-hn-

jbw ImWp-I). {Ko°p ]Zw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv A]-hmZw ]dbp-∂-h≥ As√¶n¬ I≈-°Y ]c-Øp-∂-h≥

F∂m-Wv. ""A∏p-d-tØ°v Fdn-bpI'' F∂ Hcp kwbp-‡--amWv {Ko°p ]Zw.

6:71 ""intam≥ CukvItcymØmhv'' Cu ]Zw kw_-‘n®v At\I kn≤m-¥-ßƒ \ne-hn-ep≠v (hy-XykvX

{Ko°p ]cn- m-j-I-fn¬ hyXykvX coXn-bn-emA CsX-gp-Xp-∂-Xv. CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv:

1. Hcp sblqZm ] -W-amb IntcymØv \nhmkn

2. Keo-e-bnse Hcp ] -W-amb I¿´m-\n¬ \n∂p≈-h≥

3. ]Ww sIm≠p-\-S-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ tXm¬k©n

137

4. ""IgpØp sRcn-°pI'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ F{_mb ]Zw

5. ""sIme-]m-X-In-bpsS IØn'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ {Ko°p ]Zw

#1 BWv icn-sb-¶n¬ Ah-\mWv ]¥n-cp-h-cn¬ GI sblq-Z≥. #5 BWv icn-sb-¶n¬ Ah-≥ intam-s\-

t∏mse Hcp Fcn-hp-Im-c-\m-bn-cn-°pw.

bqZmsb km[-Im-fl-I-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp ]pkvXIw ASpØ ImeØv Fgp-X-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

hneyw ¢m ≥ FgpXn t^m¿{Skv {] v (1996) {]kn-≤o-I-cn® {KŸ-Øns‚ t]cv bqZm, H‰p-Im-c-t\m, tbip-

hns‚ kvt\ln-Xt\m F∂m-Wv. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Ønse A`n-{]mbßƒ AXv Kuc-h-Øn-se-Sp-

Øn√ F∂-XmWv F\n-°-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ {]iv\w.

� ""ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-∏m-\p-≈-h≥'' Cu {Ko°p ]Zw ]cs° X¿÷a sNø-s∏Sp-∂Xpw an° kμ¿`-ß-

fnepw \ntj-]£-hp-am-Wv. F¶nepw tbip-hns\ A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ°v Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p∂ bqZm-bpsS Imcy-

Øn¬ CXn-s\mcp Aip` kqN-\-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. 18:1 se Ipdn∏p ImWp-I.









1. tbml-∂m≥ 6 I¿Øm-hns‚ AØmgw kw_-‘n® Hcp N¿®-bmtWm? F¶n¬ F¥psIm≠v,

As√-¶n¬ F¥p-sIm≠v?

2. ""Rm≥ Pohs‚ A∏w BIp∂p'' F∂p tbip ]d-™-t∏mƒ Ahs‚ Ah-Im-i-hmZw F¥m-bn-

cp∂p?

3. Cu P\-tØmSv C{Xbpw sR´n-∏n°p∂ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ tbip ]d-™-sX-¥p-sIm≠v?

138



tbip-hns‚ tbip-hns‚ tbip, Pohs‚ tbiphpw Ahs‚ tbip s]cp-\m-fn\v

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS Pew ktlm-Z-c-∑mcpw sbcq-i-te-an¬

Ahn-izmkw Ahn-izmkn°p∂p t]mbn AhnsS

D]-tZ-in-°p∂p

7:1˛9 7:1˛9 7:1˛9 7:1˛9 7:1

tbip IqSm-cs∏ kz¿§ob ]WvUn tbip IpSn-ep-I-fpsS 7:2˛9

cp\m-fn¬ X≥ s]cp-\m-fn¬

7:10-˛13 7:10-˛24 7:10-˛13 7:10- 11 7:10-˛13

7:12-˛13

7:14˛24 7:14˛18 7:14˛15 7:14˛24

7:16˛19

7:19˛24

7:20

7:21˛24

CXp {InkvXp-hm CXp {InkvXp Ch≥ ain-lmbm ain-lm-bpsS

Ip∂pthm? hmbn-cn-°ptam? Ip∂pthm? D¤-h-sØ-°p-dn®v

P\w N¿®-

sN-øp∂p

7:25˛31 7:25˛31 7:25˛31 7:25˛27 7:25˛27

7:28˛29 7:28˛29

7:30-˛31 7:30-

tbip-hns\ ]nSn tbiphpw aX tbip-hns\ ]nSn Xs‚ ASpØp

°phm≥ tNh-Isc t\Xm-°fpw °phm≥ ]S-bmfn hcp∂ aS-ßnt∏m

Ab-bv°p∂p Isf Ab-°p∂p °v tbip Adnbn

°p∂p

7:32-˛36 7:32-˛36 7:32-˛36 7:32-˛34

7:35˛36 7:35˛36

Poh-P-e-Øns‚ ]cp-ip-≤m-flmhn Poh-Zm-bI Pe Poh-P-e-Øns‚

\Zn-Iƒ s‚ hmKvZØw Øns‚ tXmSp-Iƒ hmKvZØw

7:37˛39 7:37˛39 7:37˛39 7:37˛39 7:37˛38

7:39

P\-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ Ah≥ Bcv? sblq-Z-{]-am-WnI ain-lm-bpsS DXv

`n∂X fpsS-bn-S-bn¬ `n∂X `hw kw_-‘n®v

]pXnb I≠p-]nSp

Øßƒ

7:40-˛44 7:40-˛44 7:40-˛44 7:40-˛44 7:40-˛44

A[n-Im-c-Ønep A[n-Im-cn-I-fm¬ sblqZ {]am-WnI

≈h-cpsS Ahn X≈-s∏-Sp∂p fpsS Ahn-izmkw

izmkw

7:45˛52 7:45˛52 7:45˛52 7:45 7:45˛52

7:46

7:47˛49

7:50-˛51

7:52

139














4. BZnbmbh


A. 5, 6 A[ym-b-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-ew s]klm s]cp-∂m-fm-Wv. 7:1 apX¬ 10:21 hsc-bp≈ thZ- m-K-

Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-ew IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂mƒ BIp-∂p (7:2 apX¬).

B. IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂mƒ {]mY-an-I-ambn sImbvØn\v \μn ]d-bp∂ BtLm-j-amWv (B-Zy- -e-sa-Sp-°p∂

sImbvØp-s]-cp-∂mƒ, H.-t\m. ]pd. 23:16; 34:22). an{k-bn-an¬ \n∂p≈ ]pd-∏mSv A\p- hw Hm¿°p∂

Hcp kabw IqSn-bm-WnXv (IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂mƒ F∂pw hnfn-°p-∂p, H.-t\m. tehy. 23:29˛44; Bh.

16:13˛15). CXv BtLm-jn-°p-∂Xv ‰n{kn amk-Øns‚ ]Xn-\©mw XobXn, AXm-bXv \ΩpsS IW-

°-\p-k-cn®v sk]v‰w-_¿ amkw Ah-km-\-tam, HIvtSm-_¿ BZytam BIp-∂p.

C. 7,8 A≤ym-b-ß-ƒ shfn-s∏SpØp∂-Xv, tbip i∫Øv ewLn-®-Xn\pw (5:16) ssZhsØ kz¥-]n-

Xmhv F∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏- -Xn\pw (5:18) FXn-sc-bp≈ sblqZ kwhn-[m-\-Øns‚ FXn¿∏n-s\-bm-

Wv. tbip-hn\v FXnsc ]e ka-bØv D≠mb FXn¿∏p-Isf ImWn-°p∂ thZ-`m-K-ßƒ {i≤n-

°pI.

1. Ahs\ ]nSn-°p-hm≥, 7:30,32,44; 10:39

2. Ahs\ sIm√p-hm≥, 7:1,19,25; 8:37,40 (11:53 ImWp-I)

tbml-∂m≥ 7:1˛9

1AXns‚ tijw tbip Keoebn¬ k©cn®p; sblqZ∑m¿ Ahs\ sIm√phm≥ At\zjn

®XpsIm≠p, sblqZybn¬ k©cn°phm≥ Ah∂p a\ n√mbncp∂p. 2F∂m¬ sblqZ∑mcpsS

IqSmcs∏cp\mƒ ASpØncp∂p. 3Ahs‚ ktlmZc∑m¿ Aht\mSp: \o sNøp∂ {]hrØnIsf

\ns‚ injy∑mcpw ImtW≠Xn∂p ChnSw hn´p sblqZybnte°p t]mI. 4{]kn≤≥ BIphm≥

B{Kln°p∂h≥ Bcpw clkyØn¬ H∂pw sNøp∂n√t√m; \o CXp sNøp∂p F¶n¬ temI

Øn∂p \ns∂Øt∂ shfns∏SpØpI F∂p ]d™p. 5Ahs‚ ktlmZc∑mcpw Ah\n¬ hnizkn

®n√. 6tbip AhtcmSp: Fs‚ kabw CXphsc h∂n´n√; \nßƒt°m F√mbvt]mgpw kabw

Xt∂. 7\nßsf ]sI∏m≥ temIØn∂p Ignbp∂X√; F∂m¬ AXns‚ {]hrØnIƒ tZmjap≈

h F∂p Rm≥ AXns\°pdn®p km£yw ]dbp∂XpsIm≠p, AXp Fs∂ ]sI°p∂p. 8\nßƒ

s]cp∂mfn∂p t]mIphn≥; Fs‚ kabw CXphsc h∂n´n√mbvIsIm≠p Rm≥ Cu s]cp∂mfn∂p

Ct∏mƒ t]mIp∂n√; 9Cßs\ AhtcmSp ]d™n´p Keoebn¬ Xt∂ ]m¿Øp.

7:1 ""AXns‚ tijw'' CXv XmevIm-en-I-amb Hcp AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Ø-e-√, adn®v A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ Hcp hnh-

cWw Bcw- n-°p∂ ssien-bmWv (H.-t\m. 5:1; 6:1; 7:1; 21:1).

� ""sblq-Z-∑m¿ Ahs\ sIm√p-hm≥ At\z-jn-®-Xp-sIm≠v'' tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ ""sblq-

Z-∑m¿'' F∂-Xn\v Hcp Zp q-N-\-bm-Wp-≈Xv (H.-t\m. 1:19; 2:18,20; 5:10,15,16; 6:41,52; 7:1,11,13,35; 8:22,52,57; 9:18,22;

10:24,31,33; 11:8; 19:7,12; 20:19). Ah-cpsS hntZz-jhpw sIme-]m-XI Dt±-iyhpw \nc-h[n XhW tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-

140

bn- p≠v (H.-t\m. 5:16˛18; 7:19,30,44; 8:37,40,59; 10:31,33,39; 11:8,53).

7:2 ""sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂mƒ'' (H.-t\m. tehy. 23:34˛44; Bh. 16:13˛17). sImbvØv ka-b-ß-fn¬

{Kma-hm-kn-Iƒ hb-ense sNdnb IqSm-c-ß-fn¬ Ign-™n-cp-∂p. AXv sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS an{k-bo-an¬ \n∂p≈

]pd-∏m-Sns‚ A\p-`-h-sØ-bmWv Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®-Xv. Cu s]cp-∂m-fns‚ BNm-chpw Bcm-[-\m-{I-ahpamWv 7:1

apX¬ 10:21 hsc-bp≈ tbiphns‚ D]-tZ-i-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-ew. 5˛6 A≤ym-b-ßƒ s]k-lm-s]-cp-∂m-fns‚

]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpt]mse-bm-Wn-Xv.

7:3 ""Ahs‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿'' 2:12 \p tijw tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ IpSpw-_-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ BZy kqN-\-bm-

Wn-Xv. ChnsS \n∂pw hy‡-am-Ip-∂Xv tbip-hns‚ Dt±-iyw, amXr-I, {]tNm-Z\w F∂nh Ah¿°v (Ip-Spw-

_-Øn-\v) a\- n-em-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂-m-Wv.

� ""ChnSw hn´p sblq-Zy-bn-te°p t]mI'' B≠p-tXmdpw Keo-e-bn¬ \n∂pw sbcp-i-te-an-te°p≈

Xo¿∞m-S\sØ°pdn-®m-Wv CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ sbcp-i-

te-anse ip{iq-j-Isf tI{μo-I-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ChnsS Hm¿°p-I.

{]tXyI hnjbw: \n¿`-bXzw (]doknb˛parrhsiaparrhsiaparrhsiaparrhsiaparrhsia)Cu {Ko°v ]Zw ""F√mw'' (]m≥-˛pan) ""{]kwKw'' (dvlo-knkv˛r.hsij) F∂o ]Z-ß-fpsS kwbp-

‡am-Wv. \n¿`-b-tØm-sS- A-Yhm kzmX-{¥y-tØm-sS-bp≈ {]kwKw an°-t∏mgpw A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv

A]-am-\-Øn-s‚bpw FXn¿∏n-s‚bpw at≤y-bp≈ \n¿ -bXzsØ BIp∂p (H.-t\m. tbml. 7:13; 1 sX .

2:2).

tbml-∂m≥ Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ (13 {]mhiyw) CXv ]e-t∏mgpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv s]mXp-hn-ep≈ Hcp

{]Jym-]-\-sØ-bmWv (H.-t\m. tbml. 7:4, IqSmsX ]usem-kns‚ teJ-\-ß-fn¬, sImsem. 2:15). F∂n-

cp-∂mepw Nne-t∏mƒ CXv A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv ""kv]jvS-ambn'' F∂mWv (H.-t\m. tbml. 10:24; 11:14; 16:25,29).

As∏m-kvXe {]hr-Øn-I-fn¬, As∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ktμiw {]kw-Kn-®-Xv,

tbip-{InkvXp ]nXm-hn-s\-°p-dn®pw Ahs‚ ]≤-Xn-I-sfbpw hmKvZm-\-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®pw kwkm-cn®

AtX coXn-bn-em-bn-cp∂p (H.t\m. {]hr. 2:29; 4:13,29,31; 9:27˛28; 13:46; 14:3; 18:26; 19:8; 26:26; 28:31). kphn-

tijw ss[cy-tØmsS {]kw-Kn-°p-hm\pw (H.-t\m. Fs^. 6:19; 1 sX . 2:2) kphn-tij-ambn Pohn-°p-

hm\pw (^n-en. 1:20) th≠n {]m¿∞n-°p-hm≥ ]usemkv At]-£n-®p.

A¥y-Imeimkv{X-]-c-ambn ]usem-kn\v {InkvXp-hn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂ {]Xymi Ah\v Cu Xn∑

\nd™ temI-Øn¬ kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-°p-hm≥ Bfl-hn-izm-khpw ss[cyhpw ]I¿∂p-sIm-SpØp

(H.-t\m. 2 sImcn. 3:11˛12). tbip-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂-h¿ {]mK-¤y-tØmsS {]h¿Øn-°p-sa∂ Bfl-hn-

izm-khpw ]usem-kn\v D≠m-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 2 sImcn. 7:4).

Cu ]Z-Øn\v as‰mcp A¿∞w IqSn-bp-≠v. F{_mb teJ-\-Øn¬ Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv,

ssZh-tØmSv ASp-Øp-sN-√p-hm\pw Ah-t\mSp kwkm-cn-°p-hm\pw {InkvXp-hn-eqsS e`n-°p∂ ss[cy-

sa∂ {]tXyI A¿∞-Øn-em-Ip∂p (H.-t\m. F{_m. 3:6; 4:16; 10:19,35). hnizm-kn-Iƒ ssZh-Øns‚ Iq´m-

bva-bn-te°v ]p{X≥ apJm-¥cw kzmKXw sNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]q¿Æ-ambn kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-

°p-∂p.

CXv ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ At\I hn[-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

1. Bfl-hn-izm-kw, ss[cyw, Dd∏v F∂nh

a. a\p-jy-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ (H.-t\m. As∏m. 2:29; 4:13,31; 2 sImcn. 3:12; Fs^. 6:19).

b. ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ (H.-t\m. 1 tbml. 2:28; 3:21; 4:12; 5:14; F{_m. 3:6; 4:16; 10:19).

2. Xpd∂v, kv]jvS-am-bn, As√-¶n¬ kp{Km-ly-ambn ]d-bpI (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 8:32; tbml. 7:4,13;

10:24; 11:14; 16:25; {]hr. 28:31).

3. ]c-ky-ambn kwkm-cn-°pI (H.-t\m. tbml. 7:6; 11:54; 18:20).

4. CXn-t\mSv _‘-s∏´ thsdmcp {]tbmKw (]m¿slknbmskm-am-bn˛parr.hsiazomai) {]Xn-Iqe

kml-N-cy-ß-fpsS a[y-Øn¬ ss[cy-tØmsS {]kw-Kn-°p-∂-Xn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p (H.-t\m.

{]hr. 18:26; 19:8; Fs^. 6:20; 1 sX . 2:2).

Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬, Cu ]Zw A¥y-Imeimkv{X]c-amb Hcp Bfl-hn-izm-ksØ {]Xn-[z-\n-∏n-°p-

∂p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hn-s\-°p-dn®v `b-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ BI-cpXv; Ah¿ Bfl-

hn-izm-k-tØm-sS-IqSn BÀm-Z-tØmsS B kw -hsØ hc-th¬°p-I-bmWv sNtø-≠-Xv. ImcWw Ah¿

{InkvXp-hn¬ hkn-°p-Ibpw {InkvXp-k-am-\-amb PohnXw \bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cm-Wv.

� ""F¶n¬'' Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ kXy-am-sW∂v AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ DØ-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI

141

hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv.

� ""temI-Øn∂p \ns∂-Øs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-ØpI'' 4˛masØ hmIy-Øn¬ Ah¿ D]-tbm-Kn® ""temIw''

F∂ ]Zw tbip FSpØv 7˛masØ hmIy-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-°p-∂p. temIw Ahs\ kzoI-cn-°p-Itbm

kl-X-m-]w- Im-Wn-°p-Itbm sNømsX Ahs\ ]I®p (H.-t\m. 15:18- 19; 17:14; 1 tbml-. 3:13). ImcWw Ah≥

AXns‚ tZmj-sØbpw Xn∑-sbbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn (H.-t\m. 3:19˛20).

tbip Xs∂-Øm≥ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂Xn\v Ahs‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ ]d-™p-sIm-SpØ hgn (A-XmbXv

A¤p-X-ßƒ) tbip-hns‚ hgn-bn¬ \n∂pw ({Iq-iv) hn`n-∂-am-bn-cp-∂p. Chn-sS-bmWv sbi. 55:8˛11 se {]h-

N\w hy‡-amb ZrjvSn-tI-{μ-Øn-te°p hcp-∂-Xv!

7:5 ""Ahs‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑mcpw Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-®n√'' CXv Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ as‰mcp hni-Zo-I-cW {]kvXm-

h\bmWv. Htc ho´n¬ hf¿∂p-h∂ tbip-hns\ ain-lm-bmbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°v hfsc _p≤n-

ap v D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°Ww (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 3:20˛21). tbip-{InkvXp Ahs‚ A¿≤ ktlm-Zcoktlm-Z-c-

∑msc kwc-£n-®p. Ahs‚ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn\ptij-ap≈ {]Xy-£-X-I-fn¬ H∂v Ahs\ kzbw Ah-cpsS

apºn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂ Dt±-iy-tØmsS Bbn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn®p (H.-t\m. {]hr. 1:14)!

bmt°m_v sbcq-itew k -bpsS t\Xmhv Bbn amdn. ]pXnb\nba Imt\m-\n¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Ønb teJ-\-

ßƒ bmt°m_pw bqZbpw Fgp-Xn.

7:6 ""Fs‚ kabw CXp-hsc ad-∂n-´n√'' ""kabw (Imbvtdmkv) ]Zw tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Ønepw

teJ-\-ß-fnepw BsI ImWp-∂Xv Chn-sSbpw (2 {]mh-iyw) hm. 8 epw am{X-am-Wv. aq∂v ASn-ÿm\

e£ym¿∞-ß-fmWv BAGD \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

1. - Hcp kzmKX kabw (H.-t\m. 2 sImcn. 6:2)

˛ Hcp Ah-kcw \¬Ip∂ kabw (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 4:13)

˛ Hcp \nb-an-°-s∏´ kbaw (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 13:33; {]hr. 3:20; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:11)

2. Hcp icn-bmb AYhm A\p-Iq-e-amb kabw

˛ icn-bmb kabw (H.-t\m. aØmbn 24:45; eqs°m. 1:20).

˛ IrXy-amb kabw (H.-t\m. tbml. 7:8; 2 Xnsam. 4:6).

3. A¥y-Imekw_-‘nbmb kabw (H.-t\m. aØm. 8:9; eqs°m. 21:8; tdma. 13:11; 1 sX . 5:1; 2

sX . 2:6). kwJym-]p-kvXIw 3, 4 A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ hm°p-I-fpsS A¿∞-ßƒ amdn amdn D]-tbm-Kn-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

tbip Xs‚ ZuXyw a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 12:23; 13:1; 17:1˛5). Cu kphn-tij kw -h-ßƒ shfn-

s∏- p-h-cp-hm-\p≈ Hcp ssZhnI ka-b-{Iaw D≠m-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 22:22; tbml. 7:30; 8:20; {]hr.

2:23; 3:18; 4:28).

7:7 ""temIw'' 14:17 se {]tXyIw ]T\hnjbw: tImkvtamkv ImWp-I.

7:8

NASB ""\nßƒ s]cp-∂m-fn\p t]mIp-hn≥; Rm≥ s]cp-∂m-fn∂p t]mIp-∂n√''

NKJV ""\nßƒ Cu s]cp-∂m-fn\p t]mIp-hn≥; Rm≥ Cu s]cp-∂m-fn∂p Ct∏mƒ t]mIp-

∂n√''

NRSV, NJB ""\nßƒ X\nsb Cu s]cp-∂m-fn\p t]mIp-hn≥; Rm≥ Cu s]cp-∂m-fn∂p t]mIp-

∂n√''

TEV ""\nßƒ s]cp-∂m-fn\p s]mbvs°mƒhn≥; Rm≥ s]cp-∂m-fn∂p t]mIp-∂n√''

\nc-h[n ]pcm-X\ {Ko°v ssIsø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ (a,D, and K) ""CXp-hsc'' (yet) F∂ {Inbm-hn-ti-

jWw C√. hmIyw 8 epw 10 epw {]I-S-amb ]c-kv]c sshcp-[y-ßƒ \o°p-hm-\p≈ Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS {ia-

ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°m-sa∂v tXm∂p∂p. Cu {Inbm-hn-ti-jWw Isø-gp-Øp-{]-Xn-I-fmb P66, P75, B, L, T, WF∂n-h-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p (NKJV, the Twentieth Century New Testament, NIV).

Cu sNdnb {]kvXm-h\ C{]-Im-c-amWv a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv:

1. Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp IqsS t]mcp-∂n√ (A-s√-¶n¬ \nß-fpsS Dt±-iy-ßƒ°p-th-≠n)

2. F´p-Zn\ s]cp-∂m-fns‚ a≤y-Øn¬ Rm≥ t]mIp∂p (s]cp-∂m-fns‚ {]Xo-Im-flI-Xbn-eqsS shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥)

tbml-∂m≥ 7:10˛1310Ahs‚ ktlmZc∑m¿ s]cp∂mfn∂p t]mbtijw Ah\pw ]ckyambn´√ clkyØn¬

F∂t]mse t]mbn. 11F∂m¬ sblqZ∑m¿ s]cp∂mfn¬: Ah≥ FhnsS F∂p tNmZn®p Ahs\

At\zjn®p. 12]pcpjmcØn¬ Ahs\°pdn®p hfsc IpipIpip∏p D≠mbn: Ah≥ \√h≥ F∂p

Nnecpw A√, Ah≥ ]pcpjmcsØ h©n°p∂p F∂p a‰p Nnecpw ]d™p. 13F¶nepw sblqZ∑msc

t]Sn®n´p Bcpw {]kn≤ambn Ahs\°pdn®p kwkmcn®n√.

142

7:11 ""sblq-Z-∑m¿'' tbip-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ \mep hn`m-K-Øn-ep-≈-hsc Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ImWp-hm≥

gnbpw.

1. Ahs‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿

2. ""sblq-Z-∑m¿'' CXv aX-t\-Xm-°-∑msc kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

3. ""]pcp-jmcw'' CXv IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂m-fn\p h∂ Xo¿∞m-S-Isc kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

4. ""sbcq-i-te-ay¿'' Ch¿ k≥sl{Zo≥ kwL-sØbpw tbip-hns\ sIm√p-hm-\p≈ Ah-cpsS ]≤-

Xn-I-sfbpw Adn-™n-cp∂ Xt±-iobcmb P\-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p.

7:12 ""]pcp-jm-c-Øn¬ Ah-s\-°p-dn®v hfsc Ipip-Ip-ip∏p D≠mbn'' kphn-tijw P\-°q- Øn¬ Df-hm-

°p∂ {]Xn-I-cWØns‚ amXr-I-bm-Wn-Xv. a\p-jy-\n-ep≈ hyXy-kvX-amb Bflob Ign-hp-I-sfbpw {KlW

i‡n-bpsS \ne-hm-c-sØ-bp-am-WnXp ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.

� ""Ah≥ ]pcp-jm-csØ h©n-°p∂p'' πmt\m (planw) F∂ {Inbm-]Zw kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ:

1. I≈-{]-hm-N-I-∑m¿ (AXm. aØm-. 24:11; 2 Xnsam. 3:13; 1 tbml. 1:8; 2:66; 3:7)

2. I≈-{In-kvXp-°ƒ (AXm. aØm. 24:4˛5,24; tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn®v

sblq-Z-∑m¿ Nn¥n-®n-cp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. tbml. 7:12,47; aØm. 27:63).

3. Xs∂-Øm≥ h©n-°p∂ a\p-jy¿ (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 3:18; 1 tbml. 1:8) As√-¶n¬

4. h©n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 6:9; 15:33; Kem. 6:7; bmt°m. 1:16).

CtX ]Zw ÿnc-\-£{X kaq-l-Øns‚ {Ia-amb {`a-W-]-Y-Øn¬ k©-cn-°mØ {Kl-ß-sf kqNn-∏n-°p-

hm\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Ahsb ""h{I-K-Xn-bp≈'' F∂ hnfn®n-cn-°p-∂p.

7:13 ""sblq-Z-∑m-sc'' P\-°q´w apgp-h\pw sblq-Z-∑m¿ Bbn-cp-∂p. Cu ]Zw tbml-∂m≥ FSpØp ]d-bp-

∂-Xn¬\n∂pw sbcp-i-te-anse sblqZ aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m-sc-bm-W-h≥ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂p hy‡-am-Wv. 7:1

s‚ Ipdn∏p ImWp-I.

tbml-∂m≥ 7:14˛18

14s]cp\mƒ ]mXn Ign™tijw tbip ssZhmebØn¬ sN∂p D]tZin®p. 15hnZym`ymkw

sNømØ Ch≥ imkv{Xw Adnbp∂Xp Fßs\ F∂p sblqZ∑m¿ ]d™p B›cys∏´p. 16tbip

AhtcmSp DØcw ]d™Xp: Fs‚ D]tZiw Ft‚X√, Fs∂ Ab®ht‚Xt{X. 17Ahs‚ C„w

sNøphm≥ C—n°p∂h≥, Cu D]tZiw ssZhØn¬ \n∂p≈tXm Rm≥ kzbambn {]kvXmhn°p

∂tXm F∂p Adnbpw. 18kzbambn {]kvXmhn°p∂h≥ kz¥alXzw At\zjn°p∂p; Xs∂

Ab®hs‚ alXzw At\zjn°p∂h≥ kXyhm≥ BIp∂p; \oXntISv Ah\n¬ C√.

7:14 ""s]cp-∂mƒ ]mXn Ign™tijw'' Cu Hcp \nanjwhscbpw tbip ImØn-cp-∂-Xns‚ hy‡-amb

ImcWw icn-bmbn IW-°m-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√. ]t£ Xo¿∞m-S-I¿°pw ] -W-hm-kn-Iƒ°pw tbip-hn-

s\bpw Ahs‚ ip{iq-j-I-sfbpw Ipdn®v N¿® sNøp-∂-Xn\v Ah-k-c-sam-cp-°p∂Xn\mbncp∂p CXv F∂v

Duln-°m≥ Ign-bpw. sblq-Z-a-X-t\-Xm-°-∑m¿°v Xß-fpsS ]I-sb -]-c-ky-ambn {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw CXv

Ah-k-c-sam-cp°n (H.-t\m. 13).

� ""D]-tZ-in®p'' tbip-hns‚ {]kw-K-ßsf Cßs\ XcwXncn°mw.

1 D]-tZ-in-°p-I, aØm. 4:23; 5:2,19; 7:29 apX-embh; tbml. 6:59; 7:14,28,35; 8:20,28.

2. {]kw-Kn-°p-I, eqs°m. 4:18; 7:22; 9:6; 20:1

Ch ]cym-b-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw tbip-{InkvXp ssZhnIkXy-ßsf Xs‚ a\p-jy-kr-

jvSn°v ]I¿∂p-sIm-Sp-°p∂p F∂p kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. shfn-∏m-Sp-sIm≠v Ft∏mgpw A¿∞-am-°n-bn-cp-∂Xv

Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw \ho-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. CXv Ft∏mgpw Hcp Xocp-am-\hpw AXns\

XpS¿∂p Pohn-X-ssien ap≥K-W-\-I-fn-ep≈ am‰hpw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. kXyw F√m‰ns\bpw cq]m-¥-c-

s∏SpØp-∂p.

7:15 ""hnZym-`ymkw sNømØ Ch≥ imkv{Xw Adn-bp-∂Xv Fßs\'' CXp-sIm≠v A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv

tbip d∫n-am-cpsS Hu]-Nm-cnI ]mT-im-e-I-fn-sem-∂n¬ ]Tn-°p-I-tbm, GsX-¶nepw Hcp d∫n-bpsS injy-\m-

bn-cn-°p-Itbm sNbvXn-´n√ F∂m-Wv. ""Ch≥'' F∂ {]tbmKw _lp-am-\-an-√m-bva-sb-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂Xv (H.-t\m. 18:17,29).

tbip-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ an°-t∏mgpw Xs‚ t{imXm-°sf B›-cy-s∏-Sp-ØpIbp≠mbn (H.-t\m.

a¿s°m. 1:21˛22; eqs°m. 4:22). AXns‚ Imc-W-ßƒ (1) D≈-S-°hpw (2) cq]hpw BIp-∂p. a‰p d∫n-am¿

]c-kv]cw D≤-cn®p; tbip ssZhsØ D≤-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn Ah-Im-i-s∏´p!

7:16 tbip ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ Xs‚ hnt[-bXzØnte°p am{X-a√ (5:19 s‚ Ipdn∏p {i≤n-°p-I) ]nXm-hn-s\-

143

°p-dn-®p≈ Xs‚ AXp-ey-amb Adn-hn-te°pw ho≠pw P\--Øns‚ {i≤sb Xncn-°p-∂p. Ah¿°v am\p-jn-

I-amb D]-tZ-jvTm-°-∑m¿ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p; Ah\p kz¿§ob D]-tZ-jvSm-hmWv D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

7:17 kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ BtKm-f-hm-KvZm-\hpw (H.t\m. 1:12; 3:16). ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-chpw (H.-t\m. 6:44,45)

XΩn-ep≈ sshcp-≤y-am-Wn-hnsS ImWp-∂-Xv. Bflmhv lrZ-bsØ Xpd-°Ww (H.-t\m. 16:8˛13).

7:18 hoWp-t]mb a\p-jys‚ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-ambn X\n-°p≈ AXp-ey-X-sb-°p-dn-®mWvtbip

Dd-∏n-®p- ]-d-™Xv: (1) tbip Xs‚ kz¥ alXzw At\z-jn-®n-√. (2) tbip ]nXm-hns‚ alXzw At\z-jn-

®p. (3) Ah≥ kXy-hm\mWv; (4) Ah≥ ]m]-c-ln-X-\m-Wv.

� ""Ahs‚ alXzw'' 1:14 se Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

� ""\oXn-tISp Ah-\n¬ C√'' tbip-hn\v kz¥ ]m]-Øn-\p-th≠n acn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√m-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-

\m¬ \ΩpsS ÿm\Øp acn-°p-hm≥ Ah\p Ign-™p (2 sImcn. 5:21). tbip-hns‚ ]m]-c-ln-Xm-hÿ

ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn \n¿Æm-bI hnj-b-am-Wv. Cu hnjbw an°-t∏mgpw ]e coXn-bn¬ {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-

∂p.

1. eqs°m. 23:41

2. tbml. 6:69; 7:18; 8:46; 14:30

3. ^nen. 2:7˛8

4. F{_m. 4:15; 7:26; 9:14

5. 1 ]s{Xm. 1:19; 2:22 (sbi. 53:9).

6. 1 tbml. 2:17; 3:5,7)

tbml-∂m≥ 7:19˛24

19tamsi \nßƒ°p \ymb{]amWw X∂nń√tbm? F¶nepw \nßfn¬ Bcpw \ymb{]amWw

BNcn°p∂n√. 20\nßƒ Fs∂ sIm√phm≥ At\zjn°p∂Xp F¥p? AXn∂p ]pcpjmcw:

\n\°p Hcp `qXw D≠p; B¿ \ns∂ sIm√phm≥ At\zjn°p∂p? F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 21tbip

AhtcmSp DØcw ]d™Xp: Rm≥ Hcp {]hrØn sNbvXp; AXn¶¬ \nßƒ F√mhcpw B›cy

s∏Sp∂p. 22tamsi \nßƒ°p ]cnt—Z\ \nban®ncn°pIbm¬ ˛ AXp tamsibpsS ImeØ√

]nXm°∑mcpsS ImeØt{X XpSßnbXp ˛ \nßƒ i∫Øn¬ a\pjys\ ]cnt—Z\ Ign°p

∂p. 23tamsibpsS \ymb{]amWØn∂p \o°w hcmXncn∏m≥ i∫Ønepw a\pjy≥ ]cnt—Z\

Gev°p∂p F¶n¬, Rm≥ i∫Øn¬ Hcp a\pjys\ apgph\pw skuJyam°nbXn\m¬ Ft∂mSp

Cu¿jys∏Sp∂pthm? 24ImgvN{]Imcw hn[n°cpXp: \oXnbp≈ hn[n hn[n∏n≥.

7:19 hymI-cW LS\ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv ""D≠v'' F∂ DØ-c-am-Wv.

� ""F¶nepw \nß-fn¬ Bcpw \ymb-{]-amWw BN-cn-°p-∂n-√'' sbcp-i-te-an¬ \n¿_-‘-ambpw ]s¶-

Sp-t°-≠-Xmb s]cp-∂m-fn¬ kw_-‘n-°p∂ sblq-Z-∑msc kw_-‘n®v Cu {]kvXm-h\ sRń-∏n-°p-∂-

Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

tamsi-bpsS \ymb-{]-amWw Icp-Xn-°q- n-bp≈ sIme-]m-X-IsØ kv]jvS-ambn \ntcm-[n-®n- p-≠v. F∂n´pw

sblq-Z-t\-Xm-°ƒ Aß-s\sbmcp DZy-a-Øn-\mbn´mWv ]≤-Xn-bn-ń-cp-∂-Xv. CXn-s\-∏‰n Xt±ihmkn-Iƒ

Adn-™n-cp∂p F¶nepw Ah¿ B ]≤-Xnsb s]mfn-°p-hmt\m AXn-s\-°p-dn®v ]cmXn sImSp-°p-hmt\m

Hcp-°-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

� ""\nßƒ Fs∂ sIm√p-hm≥ At\z-jn-°p-∂Xv F¥v?'' 20˛mw hmIy-Ønse tNmZyw aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m¿

tNmZn-°p-∂-X-√, adn®v tbip-hns\ sIm√p-hm≥ ]≤-Xn-bn- n-cn-°p∂p F∂-dn-bmØ Xo¿∞m-S-I¿ tNmZn-°p-

∂-Xm-Wv. ]n∂o-Sv, 25˛masØ hmIy-Øn¬, tbip-hns\ sIm√p-hm≥ ]≤-Xn-bnń-cn-°p∂p F∂v sbcp-itew

\nhm-kn-Iƒ Adn-™p. aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m¿ tb-ip-hns‚ i‡n-sbbpw Dƒ°mgvNsbbpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥

Is≠Ønb am¿§-amWv Ah\p `qX-ap-s≠∂p ap{Z-IpØnbXv (H.-t\m. aØm. 9:34; 11:18; 12:24; a¿s°m.

3:22˛30; tbml. 8:48˛52; 10:20- 21).

7:20 ""\n\°p Hcp `qXw D≠v'' tbip-hns\ I≠p-ap- n-b-h¿s°√mw Ah-\v Bflob i‡n-bp-s≠∂v Adn-

bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ah-cpsSsb√mw tNmZyw CsX-hnsS\n∂p h∂p F∂Xm-bn-cp-∂p. tbip-{InkvXp

sNbvX A¤p-X-ßƒ/AS-bm-f-ßƒ \ncm-I-cn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v, Ahs‚ i‡n kmØm-

\n¬ \n∂pw D≈Xpw ss]im-Nn-I-am-sW∂pw Ah¿ Btcm-]n®p (H.-t\m. 8:48˛49,52; 10:20).

Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂m-fn\p h∂ Xo¿∞m-S-I¿ Cu {]tbmKw Xs∂ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂-Xv. F∂m¬ AsXmcp hyXy-kvX-amb A¿∞-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Dd-∏n-®p-]-d-bp-∂Xv tbip bp‡n

cln-X-\mbpw NnØ-{ -a-ap-≈-h-\mbpw \Sn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv.

144

{]tXyI hnjbw: `qXw (Aip≤mflm-hv)A. {]mNo-\-Im-esØ P\-ßƒ {]IrXn i‡n-Isf Bcm-[n-°p-∂-h¿ Bbn-cp-∂p. am\p-jnI hy‡nXz

KpW-ßƒ {]Ir-Xn, arK-ßƒ, {]m]-©n-I-amb ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS i‡n-bm-sW∂v Ah¿

Nn¥n-®p. a\p-jy\v Cu Bflob hkvXp-°-fp-am-bp≈ _‘-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv Ah¿ Pohn-XsØ

hni-Zo-I-cn-®-Xv.

B. Cu a\p-jycq]m-tcm-]Ww _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bmbn amdn (H-∂n-e-[nIw ssZh-ßƒ). km[m-c-W-

bmbn `qX-ßƒ, a\p-jy-Po-hn-XsØ kzm[o-\n-®n-cp∂ XmW ssZh-ßƒ As√-¶n¬ A¿≤-tZ-h-

∑m¿ (\-√-hcpw ZpjvS-∑mcpw) Bbn-cp-∂p.

1. satkms]m- m-an-b, Iem-]hpw kwL- -\hpw

2. CuPn-]vXv, {Iahpw {]h¿Ø-\hpw

3. I\m≥, U_yq. F v. B¬ss{_-‰ns‚ B¿°n-tbm-fPn B≥Uv Z dneo-Pn-b¨ Hm v bn{km-

tb¬ ImWp-I. A©mw ]Xn-∏v, t]Pp-Iƒ 67˛92.

C. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ XmWssZh-ßƒ, ZqX-∑m¿, ]nimNv F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ hnizmkw sh®p

]pe¿Øp-Itbm hnI-kn-∏n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂n-√. I¿i-\-amb GI-ssZ-h-hn-izm-k-am-bn-cp-∂p

ImcWw (H.-t\m. ]pd. 8:10; 9:14; 15:11; Bh. 4:35,39; 6:4; 33:26; k¶o. 35:10; 71:19; 86:6; sbi. 46:9;

bnsc. 10:6-˛7; aoJm 7:18). PmXn-I-fpsS cmPy-ß-fnse hymP-ssZ-h-ß-sf-∏‰n kqNn-∏n-°p-Ibpw

(sj-Zow, H.-t\m. Bh. 32:17; k¶o. 106:37). Ah-bn¬ Nne-Xns‚ t]cp-Iƒ ]cm-a¿in-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p-≠v.

1. skbnw (tajw AYhm tcmam-hr-X-amb ]nim-Np-°ƒ, H.-t\m. tehy. 17:7; 2 cmPm. 11:15).

2. enenXv (h-gn-sX-‰n-°p∂ kv{Xo ]nim-Nv, H.-t\m. sbi. 34:14).

3. amshXv (a-cWw F∂-Xn-\p≈ F{_m-b-]Zw tam v, I\m\y At[m-temI ssZh-Øn\v D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p, H.- t\m. sbi. 28:15,18; bnsc. 9:21; Bh. 28:22 [km[y-X]).4. sdsj v (_m-[, H.-t\. Bh. 33:29; k¶o. 78:48; l_. 3:5).

5. sUsh¿ (a-lm-am-cn, H.-t\m. k¶o. 91:5˛6; l_. 3:5).

6. A -s ¬ (\maw hy‡-a-√, acp-`q-an-bnse ]nimNv As√-¶n¬ ÿe-t∏cv BIm-\mWp

km[y-X. H.-t\m. tehy. 16:8,10,26).

(Cu DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ F≥ssk-t¢m-]o-Unb PpUm-bn-I hmeyw 5, t]Pv 1523 ¬\n∂pw FSp-Øn-

´p-≈-Xm-Wv).

F¶nepw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse btlm-h-bv°v Xpey-amb ssZzXtam kzX{¥\mb ZqXt\m C√.

kmØm≥ btlm-h-bpsS tkh-I-\mWv (H.-t\m. Ctøm. 1˛3; skJ. 3), kzX-{¥-am-btXm kzbw

\bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂tXm Bb i{Xp-h√ (H.-t\m. F.- _n. tUhn-Uvk¨, Xntbm-fPn Hm v Z HmƒUvsS-

Ã-sa‚ v, t]Pp-Iƒ 300- 306).

D. sblq-Z-aXw hnImkw {]m]n-®Xv _m_n-tem¨ {]hmk Ime-L- -Øn-\n-S-bn-emWv (586˛538 _n.-

kn). akvZm As√-¶n¬ Hm¿akvZv F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp D∂X ssZhhpw Ahs‚ ss]im-

NnI FXn-cmfnbmb Alvdn-am\pw Dƒs∏´ t]¿jy≥ a\p-jy-cq-]m-tcm-]W ssZzX-hm-Z-amWv

CXns\ ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn kzm[o-\n-®-Xv. {]hm-km-\-¥c sblqZ aX-Øn¬ btlm-hbpw

Ahs‚ ZqX-∑mcpw kmØm\pw Ahs‚ ZqX-∑mcpw AYhm ]nim-Np-°fpw tN¿∂ ssZzX hnizm-

k-Øn\v CXp If-sam-cp-°n.

sblq-Z-a-X-Ønse BfXzap≈ ]nim-Nn-s\-°p-dn-®v B¬ss{^Uv FsZ¿sj-bn-ans‚ Z sse v

B≥Uv ssSwkv Hm v Pokkv Z sakmbm, hmeyw 2, A\p-_‘w XIII (t]PpIƒ 749˛863),

XVI (t]-Pp-Iƒ 770˛776) F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ hni-Z-ambn Fgp-Xn-bn- p-≠v.

sblq-Z-aXw ZpjvS-sXb aq∂p coXn-bn-emWv aq¿Øo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

1. kmØm≥ AYhm kΩm-tb¬

2. a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ ZpjvS- D-t±iyw (sb-‰vk¿ lcm)

3. ac-W-Zq-X≥

FZ¿sjbnw Chsb hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂Xv: (1) A]-hmZn, (2) ]co-£-I≥, (3) in£n-°p-∂-h≥

F∂n-ß-s\-bmWv (hmeyw 2, t]Pv 756). {]hm-km-\-¥c sblqZaXhpw Xn∑-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ]pXnb

\nba Ah-X-c-Whpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw XΩn¬ IrXy-amb ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hyXymkßƒ

ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v.

E. ]pXnb \nb-aw, {]tXy-In®v kphn-ti-j-ßƒ,- b-tlm-hbv°pw a\p-jy-Ip-e-Ønepw FXn-cm-bmWv

ss]im-NnI Bflm-°-fpsS AkvXn-Xzhpw FXn¿∏pw Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp∂p (sb-lqZ aX-Øn¬

kmØm≥ a\p-jys‚ i{Xp-hmWv, F∂m¬ ssZhØns‚ A√). Ah ssZh-Øns‚ lnXw,

`cWw, cmPyw F∂n-hsb FXn¿°p-∂p.

145

tbip, Aip-≤m-flm-°ƒ (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 4:36; 6:18) As√-¶n¬ (2) Zpcm-flm-°ƒ (H.-t\m.

7:21; 8:2) F∂pw hnfn-°-s∏- n-cp∂ Cu ss]im-NnI i‡n-Isf t\cn-Sp-Ibpw ]pd-Øm-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. tcmKhpw (im-co-cn-I-hpw am\-kn-I-hpw), ss]im-NnI _m[bpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-ksØ

tbip hy‡-am-°n. Zpcm-flm-°sf Xncn-®-dn-bp-hm\pw Ahsb ]pdØm°p-hm\pw tbip Xs‚

i‡nbpw Bflob Dƒ°m-gvNbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn. Cu Zpcm-flm-°ƒ ]e-t∏mgpw tbip-hns\

Xncn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw Ahs\ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-hm≥ {ian-°pIbpw sNbvXp. ]t£, tbip

Ah-bpsS km£ysØ \nc-kn-°p-Ibpw Ah-tbm-Sv \ni_vZcm-Ip-hm≥ Iev]n-°p-Ibpw Ahsb

]pd-Øm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kmØm\y cmPy-Øns‚ ]X-\-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-am-bn-cp∂p `qtXm-

—m-S-\w. As∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ Fgp-Xnb ]pXnb \nb-a- teJ-\-ß-fn¬ Cu hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

hnh-c-ß-fpsS B›-cy-I-c-amb Ipdhv ImWp-∂p-≠v. `qX-ßsf ]pd-Øm-°¬ F∂ {]hrØn

Bflm-hns‚ Hcp hc-ambn Hcn-°epw ]ń-I-bn¬ tN¿Øn- n-√, F∂p am{X-a√ `mhn-Xeapd-bn-

ep≈ ip{iqjI-∑m¿t°m, hnizm-kn-Iƒt°m D]-I-cn-°p-am-dv, AXns‚ amXr-Ibpw {]h¿Ø\

coXnbpw \¬In-bn- p-an-√.

F. ZpjvSX bmYm¿∞y-am-Wv. ZpjvSX hy‡n-]-c-am-Wv, ZpjvSX Ct∏m-gp-≈-Xm-Wv. AXns‚ D¤-h-

htam Dt±-iytam shfn-s∏-ń-ń-√. ss__nƒ AXns‚ bmYm¿∞ysØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

AXns‚ kzm[o-\sØ ITn-\-ambn FXn¿°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu bmYm¿∞y-Øn¬ ssZzX-kz-

`mhw H´pw Xs∂ D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. kºq¿Æ \nb-{¥Ww ssZh-Øns‚ Iøn-em-Wv. Xn∑ ]cm-P-b-

s∏SpIbpw \ymbw-hn-[n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw krjvSn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw \o°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw.

G. ssZh-a-°ƒ ]nim-Nn-t\mSv FXn¿Øp \n¬°Ww (H.-t\m. bmt°m. 4:7). Ah¿°v AXn-\m¬

\nb-{¥n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ I-gn-bp-∂-X√ (H.-t\m. 1 tbml. 5:8). F∂m¬ Ah¿ ]co-£n-°-s∏-Sp-

hm\pw Ah-cpsS km£yhpw kzm[o-\hpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-hm\pw AXp-aqew CS-bm-Ipw (H.-t\m. Fs^.

6:10˛18). ss{IkvXh temIZ¿i-\-Øns‚ Hcp shfn-s∏´ `mK-amWv ZpjvSX F∂p-≈-Xv. B[p-

\nI {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v ZpjvS-Xsb ]p\¿\n¿h-Nn-°p-hmt\m (dp-tUmƒ v _mƒ vams‚ ]pcm-

hrØ hn]m-S\w [demythologizing]) ]nim-Nn-s\ Bf-Xz-an-√m-Ø-h-\m-°p-hmt\m (t]mƒ Xn√n-

Jns‚ kmaq-lnI LS-\-Iƒ), AXns\ a\x-imkv{X {]tbm-K-ß-fn-eqsS hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ {ian-

°p-Itbm (kn-‹≠v t{^mbn-Uv) sNøp-hm-≥ bmsXm-c-h-Im-i-hm-Z-hp-an-√. CXns‚ kzm[o\w hgn-

sX-‰n-°p-∂-Xm-sW-¶nepw AX-h-km\w ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-IXs∂ sNøpw. hnizm-kn-Iƒ {InkvXp-hn-

ep≈ hnP-b-Øn¬ \-S-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-Ip-∂p.

7:22

NASB, NKJV ""AXp tamsi-bn¬ \n∂-√, ]nXm-°-∑m-cn¬\n-∂t{X''

NRSV ""AXp Xo¿®-bmbpw tamsi-bn¬ \n∂-√, tKm{X]nXm-°-∑m-cn¬\n-∂t{X''

TEV ""tamsi A-√, \nßfpsS ]nXm°-∑m-t{X AXm-cw- n-®Xv''

NJB ""AXp Ah-\n¬ Bcw- n-®Xv, AXp tKm{X]nXm-°-∑m-cnte°t{X FØp-∂Xv''

]cn-t—-Z\ tamsi-bpsS \ymb-{]-am-W-tØmsS Bcw- n-®-X√ (H.-t\m. ]pd. 12:48; tehy. 12:3), adn®v btlm-h-

bp-am-bp≈ {]tXyI DS-º-Sn-bpsS AS-bm-f-ambn A{_m-lm-an\v \¬I-s∏- -Xm-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. Dev]. 7:9˛14;

21:4; 34:22).

� ""\nßƒ i∫-Øn¬ a\p-jys\ ]cn-t—-Z\ Ign-°p-∂p'' tbip-hns‚ Cu hmZ-Øns‚ A¥-k-Ø,

Hcp Ipńsb ]cn-t—-Z\ Ign-°p-hm≥th≠n Ah¿ i∫Øp\nb-a-ßƒ am‰n-h-bv°p-hm≥ Hcp-°-amWv (H.-

t\m. jm_v 132a; km v 18:3; 19:1- 6). F∂m¬ a\p-jys\ kuJy-am°p-hm≥ th≠n i∫Øv \nb-a-ßƒ

am‰n-h-bv°p-hm≥ Ah¿ Xøm-d-√m-bn-cp∂p. Cu `mK-Øp-S-\ofw sblqZm d∫n kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ bp‡nbpw

Nn¥m-co-Xnbpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xmbn a\- n-em-t°-≠Xv hfsc {][m-\amWv.

7:23 ""F¶n¬'' CsXmcp DØ-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wv. Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ kXy-am-b-

Xpw, At±-l-Øns‚ cN\m Dt±-iy-Øn\v Bh-iyambXpw F∂mWv CXn-\¿∞w.

� ""Hcp a\p-jys\ apgp-h≥ kuJy-am-°n-b-Xn-\m¬ Ft∂mSp Cu¿jy-s∏-Sp-∂pthm'' CXv H∂p-In¬

5:1˛9 ¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ tbip-hns‚ kuJy-am-°¬ {]hr-Øn-sbtbm As√-¶n¬ s]cp-∂m-fn-\n-S-bn¬

D≠mb tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n-√mØ kuJy-am-°¬ kw -h-sØtbm kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

""Cu¿jy'' F∂-Xns‚ {Ko°v ]Zw tJmemthm (colaw) ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ ChnsS am{Xw ImWp∂

A]q¿Δ hm°m-Wv. CXv hfsc hnc-f-ambn am{Xta apgp-h≥ {Ko°p kmln-Xy-Ønepw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p-≈q.

(BAGD, p. 883 and MM, p. 689). CXv ssI∏v F∂ ]Z-hp-ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (colh, H.t\m. aØm-bn.

27:34). tbip Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ ImcWw hy‡-a√ (D-Zm. CXns‚ e£ym¿X-Yw). tbip

ewLn-°p-∂-Xmb ssZh-Øns‚ {]am-W-ßfpw lnX-ßfpw Xßƒ kwc-£n-°p∂p F∂v Ah¿ Nn¥n®p

F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ CXv ""ssZh-tIm]'-'sØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°mw.

146

7:24 ""ImgvN-{]-Imcw hn-[n-°-cp-Xv; \oXn-bp≈ hn[n- hn[n∏n≥'' \ntj-[m-flI LS-I-ap≈ h¿Ø-am\

Ime Iev]-\-bm-Wn-Xv. \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp {]h¿Ø-\sØ \n¿Øn hbv°pI F∂m-W¿∞w. ASn-

b-¥c \S-]Sn Bh-iy-s∏Sp∂ [z\nbpw AXn-ep-≠v. CXv sbi. 11:3 s‚ Hcp kqN\ Bbn-cn-°mw.

tbml-∂m≥ 7:25-˛31

25sbcqiteaycn¬ Nne¿: Ah¿ sIm√phm≥ At\zjn°p∂h≥ Ch≥ A√tbm? 26Ch≥

ss[cytØmsS kwkmcn°p∂pht√m; Ah¿ Aht\mSp H∂pw ]dbp∂n√; Ch≥ {InkvXp BIp∂p

F∂p {]amWnIƒ bYm¿∞ambn {Kln®pthm? 27F¶nepw Ch≥ FhnsS\n∂p F∂p \mw Adnbp

∂p; {InkvXp hcptºmtgm Ah≥ FhnsS\n∂p F∂p Bcpw AdnIbn√ F∂p ]d™p. 28BIbm¬

tbip ssZhmebØn¬ D]tZin°ptºmƒ: \nßƒ Fs∂ Adnbp∂p; Rm≥ FhnsS\ns∂∂pw

Adnbp∂p. Rm≥ kzbambn h∂h\√, Fs∂ Ab®h≥ kXyhm≥ BIp∂p; Ahs\ \nßƒ

Adnbp∂n√. 29Rm≥ Ahs‚ ASp°¬ \n∂p h∂XpsIm≠pw Ah≥ Fs∂ Ab®XpsIm≠pw

Rm≥ Ahs\ Adnbp∂p F∂p hnfn®p]d™p. 30BIbm¬ Ah¿ Ahs\ ]nSn∏m≥ At\zjn®p

F¶nepw Ahs‚ \mgnI h∂n´n√mbvIbm¬ Bcpw Ahs‚ ta¬ ssIh®n√. 31]pcpjmcØn¬

]ecpw: {InkvXp hcptºmƒ Ch≥ sNbvXXn¬ A[nIw ASbmfw sNøptam F∂p ]d™p Ah

\n¬ hnizkn®p.

7:25 ""Ah¿ sIm√p-hm≥ At\z-jn-°p-∂h≥ Ch≥ A√tbm'' Cu tNmZy-Øns‚ hymI-cW cq]w {]Xo-

£n-°p∂v ""AtX'' F∂ DØ-c-amWv (H.-t\m. 5:17; 7:19). hm. 36 hsc-bp≈ thZ- m-KØv ImWp∂ tNmZy-ß-

fpsS ]c-º-c-bnse BZy-tØ-XmWv CXv.

7:26

NASB, REV, NET""Ah≥ ]c-ky-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.

NKJV ""Ah≥ ss[cy-tØmsS kwkm-cn-°p-∂p-ht√m''

NRSV, NJB ""Ah≥ Xpd∂p kwkm-cn-°p∂p''

7:4 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: \n¿ -bXzw (]m¿lo-kn-b) ImWpI.

�

NASB ""CXmWv {InkvXp-sh∂v {]am-Wn-Iƒ°v bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Adn-bn√ At√?''

NKJV ""CXmWv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ {InkvXp-sh∂v {]am-Wn-Iƒ°v Xo¿®-bmbpw Adn-bmtam?''

NRSV ""CXmWv ain-lmsb∂v {]am-Wn-Iƒ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Adn-™ncn-°ptam?''

TEV ""Ah≥ ain-lm-bmsW∂v {]am-Wn-Iƒ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Adn-™ncn-°ptam?''

NJB ""Ah≥ {InkvXphmsW∂v {]am-Wn-Iƒ Xncn-®-dn-™p-sh-∂Xv kXy-am-bn-cn°ptam?''

Cu hymI-cW LS\ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv ""A√'' F∂ DØ-c-am-Wv. F∂m-epw, CXv Hcp km[y-X-sb°qSn

{]I-S-am-°p-∂p≠v (H.-t\m. 1:31; 4:29).

7:27 ""F¶nepw Ch≥ FhnsS \n∂p F∂p \mw Adn-bp-∂p. {InkvXp hcp-tºmtgm Ah≥ FhnsS

\n∂p F∂p Bcpw Adn-I-bn-√'' ainlm s]s´∂v ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-sa-∂v aemJn 3:1 ASn-

ÿm-\-am°nbp≈ d∫n-am-cpsS ]mc-º-cyhnizmk-sØ-bm-Wv ChnsS ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv.- lm-t\m°v 48:6 epw

4 Fkv{Zmkv 13:51˛52 epw CXp ImW-p-∂p.

7:28 Cu hmIy-Øn¬ tbip Xs‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ \SØp-∂p.

1. ssZhw Ahs\ Ab®p (H.-t\m. 3:17,34; 5:36,38; 6:29; 7:29 8:42; 10:36; 11:42; 17:3,18,21,23,25; 20:21).

2. Ah¿ ssZh-sØ Adn-bp-∂n√ (H.-t\m. 5:37,42; 8:19,27,54˛55; 16:3).

""tbip hnfn®p ]d™p'' F∂mWv tbml-∂m≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 7:37; 12:44; aØm. 8:29). tIƒ°-

Ø-°-hÆw i_vZw Db¿Øn. A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ CXv Bta≥ As√-¶n¬ ""Bta≥ Bta≥'' F∂v D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn\p Xpey-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu hn]-co-Xm¿∞ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ Du∂n-∏-d-bp-hm≥ tbip B{K-ln-

®p. hm. 29 emWv {]iv\w ImWp-∂-Xv. ImcWw tbip Keo-e-bn¬ \n∂pw h∂-XmWv F∂-h¿ Nn¥n®p (H.-

t\m. hm. 41). F∂m¬ hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ah≥ kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂pw h∂-Xm-Ip∂p!

� ""Fs∂ Ab-®-h≥ kXy-hm≥ BIp∂p'' ]nXmhv kXy-hm≥ BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 3:33; 8:26; 1 tbml.

5:20). AXp-sIm≠v ]p{X\pw Aß-s\-X-s∂-bm-Ip∂p (H.-t\m. 7:18; 8:16). 6:55 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw

ImWp-I.

7:29 ""Rm≥ Ahs‚ ASp-°¬ \n∂p h∂-Xp-sIm≠pw Ah≥ Fs∂ Ab-®-Xp-sIm≠pw Rm≥ Ah-s\

-A-dn-bp∂p'' tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Ønse as‰mcp ew_ ssZzXØns‚ DZm-l-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. Cu {]kvXm-

h-\sb ssZh-Zq-jWw Bbn sblqZ t\Xm-°-∑m¿ IW-°m-°p-Ibpw tbip-hns\ sImt√-≠Xv Ah-cpsS

Bh-iy-am-sW∂v ÿncoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. 5:24 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: Ab-bv°pI (apostellw)

147

ImWp-I.

7:30 ""Ah¿ Ahs\ ]nSn-∏m≥ At\z-jn®p'' CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv: (1) Ah¿ tbip-hns\ ]nSn-°p-hm≥

th≠n At\z-jWw Bcw- n®p (2) Ah¿ Ahs\ AdÃv sNøp-hm≥ ho≠pw ho≠pw ]cn-{i-an-®p. ]t£

tbip ain-lm-bm-sW∂v Nn¥n-°p∂ Xo¿∞m-S-I-cpsS CS-bn¬ elf D≠m-°p-hm≥ CXp Imc-W-am-Im-Xn-

cn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿ B{K-ln-®p.

� ""F¶nepw Ahs‚ \mgnI h∂n- n-√m-bvI-bm¬'' CXv ssZhnI ka-b-hn-h-c -]- n-Isb Bh¿Øn®v Dd-

∏n-®p ]d-bp-∂ Hcp {]hm-NI `mjmssien-bmWv (H.-t\m. 2:4; 7:6,30; 8:20; 12:23,27; 13:1; 17:1).

7:31 ""]pcp-jm-c-Øn¬ ]ecpw Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn®p'' tbiphns‚ ain-sslI ZuXy-sØ-°p-dn®v sX‰mb

[mc-W-Iƒ Ah-cn¬ \nd™p \n∂n-cp-s∂-¶nepw tbip-hn-ep≈ Ah-cpsS hnizmkw kXy-ambncp∂p. B¿°pw

""]q¿Æ-X-bp≈'' hnizmkw C√ (H.-t\m. t\ml, A{_-lmw, tamsi, Zmho-Zv, ]{¥≠p injy-∑m¿). 2:23 se

{]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWp-I.

kphn-tijw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ Cßs\ F√m-bvt∏mgpw kw`-hn-°m-dp≠v; Nne¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p,

Nne¿ kwi-bn-°p-∂p. a‰p Nne¿ tcmjw sIm≈p-∂p. CXns‚ cl-kysØ A]-{K-Yn°p-tºmƒ e`n-°p-∂-

Xv.

1. ssZhnI Xnc-s™-Sp∏v

2. a\p-jys‚ ]m]mhÿ

ChnsS Hcp a¿Ωw D≠v. HØncn {]Im-i-Øns‚ km∂n-[y-Ønepw \nd-bp-∂-Xmb Ahn-izmkw I≠v Rm≥

kvXw`n®p \n∂n- p-≈-Xv. IpSpw-_-ßƒ ]c-kv]cw FXn¿°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ tbip-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ an°-

hmdpw CXm-bn-cn°mw. kphn-tijw Nne¿°v kam-[m\w sIm≠p-h-cn-Ibpw Nne¿°v `n∂X krjvSn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

� ""{InkvXp hcp-tºmƒ Ch≥ sNbvX-Xn-¬ A[nIw AS-bmfw sNøptam?'' {Ko°v hymI-c-W-cq]w

""C√'' F∂ DØcw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p''

tUm¿÷v C.- em-Uns‚ F Xntbm-fPn Hm v Z \yq sSÃ-sa‚n¬ tbip-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn\p {]tNm-

Z-\-am-Ip-∂-Xn¬ ""AS-bmf''--ß-fpsS D]-tbm-K-sØ-∏‰n hfsc ck-I-c-amb Hcp A`n-{]mbw ImWp-I:

""hnizm-k-tØm-Sp≈ AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS _‘sØ°pdn-®p≈ tNmZyw A{X efn-X-a-√, ImcWw

AXp kw_-‘n® hnh-c-ßƒ c≠p Zni-I-fn-te-°mWp t\m°p-∂-sX-∂p tXm∂p∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ

AS-bm-f-ßƒ sNøp-∂Xv tbip-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn-te°v \bn-°p-hm-\mWv (2:23; 6:14; 7:31; 10:42).

adn-®v, AS-bm-f-ßsf I≠-h¿ hniz-kn-°m-sXbpw Ccp-∂n- p≠v (6:27; 11:47; 12:37). CXn-ep-]-cn-bmbn,

Hcp kμ¿ -Øn¬ AS-bm-f-ßƒ IqSmsX hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dm-Im-Xn-cp∂ sblq-Z-∑msc tbip

imkn-°p-∂p-≠v (4:48; 6:30). ASbmf-ß-fpsSbpw hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw CS-bn-ep≈ kwL¿j-Øn-

emWv DØcw I≠p-]n-Sn-t°-≠-Xv. AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS bYm¿∞ A¿∞hpw Ah tbip-{In-kvXp-

hns\ km£o-I-cn-°p-∂Xpw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\v hnizmkw Bh-iy-am-bn-cn°p∂p; hnizm-k-an-√m-Ø-

h¿°v AS-bm-f-ßƒ A¿∞-c-ln-X-amb A]q¿Δ-kw-KXn am{X-am-Wv. {]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v, AS-

bm-f-ßƒ Ah-cpsS hnizm-ksØ ÿnco-I-cn-°p-Ibpw ZrV-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Imcy-ß-fm-

Wv. tbip-hns‚ AS-bm-f-ßƒ \n¿_-‘n®p hniz-kn-∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n D≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂p

hy‡-am-Wv. as‰m-c¿∞-Øn¬, tbip-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ Ahs‚ ZuXyw F¥m-sW∂v t\m°n-

°m-Wp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-h¿°p≈ aXn-bmb km£y-am-Wv. A‘-cmb a\p-jysc Ah-cpsS ]m]sØ

ÿnco-I-cn-°p-hm\pw Ip‰w hn-[n-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ hgn-bm-bn- mWv tbip-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ \ne-sIm-

≈p-∂-Xv'' (t]Pv 274).

tbml-∂m≥ 7:32-˛36

32]pcpjmcw Ahs\°pdn®p Cßs\ IpipIpip°p∂p F∂p ]coi∑m¿ tI´msd, Ahs\

]nSnt°≠Xn∂p alm]ptcmlnX∑mcpw ]coi∑mcpw tNhIsc Ab®p. 33tbipthm: Rm≥ C\n

Ipsdt\cw \nßtfmSpIqsS Ccn°p∂p; ]ns∂ Fs∂ Ab®hs‚ ASp°¬ t]mIp∂p. 34\nßƒ

Fs∂ At\zjn°pw Is≠ØpIbn√Xm\pw; Rm≥ Ccn°pt∂SØp \nßƒ°p hcphm≥

IgnIbpan√ F∂p ]d™p. 35AXp tI´n´p sblqZ∑m¿: \mw Is≠ØmXhÆw Ch≥ FhntS°p

t]mIphm≥ `mhn°p∂p? bh\∑mcpsS CSbn¬ NnXdn∏m¿°p∂hcpsS ASp°¬ t]mbn bh\sc

D]tZin∏m≥ `mhtam? 36\nßƒ Fs∂ At\zjn°pw, Fs∂ Is≠ØpIbn√Xm\pw; Rm≥

Ccn°pt∂SØp \nßƒ°p hcphm≥ IgnIbpan√ F∂p Cu ]d™hm°p F¥p F∂p XΩn¬

XΩn¬ ]d™p.

7:32 ""alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-∑mcpw ]co-i-∑mcpw'' k≥sl-{Zn≥ kwL-Ønse AwK-ß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv ChnsS

]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv. (3:1 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWp-I). Hcp alm-]p-tcm-ln-X≥ am{Xsa D≈q. F¶nepw

148

tdma≥ A[n-\n-th-i-tØm-Sp-IqSn Cu HutZym-KnI ]Zhn cmjv{So-b-ambn kzm[o-\-ap-≈-Xmbn amdp-Ibpw [\m-

Vy-cmb sblqZ IpSpw-_-ßƒ AXp ssIh-i-s∏-Sp-Øn IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fn-te°v

ssIam-dp-Ibpw sNbvXp t]m∂p.

� ""Ahs\ ]nSn-t°-≠-Xn∂p tNh-Isc Ab®p'' tehy-cmb ssZhm-e-b ]S-bm-fn-I-sf-bm-Wv ChnsS

kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. ssZhm-eb ]cn-k-c-Øn\p shfn-bn¬ ]cn-an-X-amb A[n-Imcw am{Xsa Ah¿°p≠m-

bn-cp-∂p≈q (H.-t\m. 7:45,46; 18:3,12,18,22).

7:33 ""Rm≥ C\n Ipsdt\cw \nß-tfm-Sp-IqsS Ccn-°p∂p'' CXv tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Ønse Hcp

km[m-cW {]tbmKw BWv (H.-t\m. 12:35; 13:33; 14:19; 16:16- 19). Xm≥ Bcm-sW∂pw X\n°v F¥p kw -hn-

°p-sa∂pw AXv Ft∏mƒ Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂pw tbip Adn-™n-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 17:1˛5; {]hr. 1).

� ""]ns∂ Fs∂ Ab-®-hs‚ ASp-°¬ t]mIp∂p'' tbip-hns‚ hos≠-Sp-∏n≥ ZuXy-Øns‚ A¥y-

sØ-bm-WnXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv: {Iqio-I-cWw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏v, kz¿§m-tcm-l-Ww, ]q¿Δ-Ime al-Xz-

Øn-te-°p≈ bYm-ÿm-]\w (H.-t\m. 17:1˛5; {]hr. 1).

7:34 Cu hm°p-Iƒ tbip Xs‚ injy-∑m-cp-samØv amfn-I-ap-dn-bn¬ kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ ]d-

bp∂ hm°p-I-tfmSp kam-\X D≈-XmWv (13:33; H.-t\m. 7:36; 8:21). F¶nepw CXv Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-bmWv

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (D-Zm. ]pcp-jm-cw, sbcq-itew \nhm-kn-Iƒ, sblqZm {]am-Wn-Iƒ).

7:35˛36 ""bh-\-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ NnXdn∏m¿°p-∂-h-cpsS ASp-°¬ t]mbn bh-\sc D]-tZ-in-∏m≥

`mhtam?'' "{Ko°v hymI-cW LS\ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv ""A√'' F∂ DØ-c-amWv. CXp as‰mcp sshcp≤y

{]kvXm-h-\-bmW. CXv F°me-sØbpw ssZhln-X-ambn-cp∂p (D-ev]. 3:15; 12:3; sbi. 2:2˛4). IqSmcs∏cp-

∂m-fns‚ ka-bØv Fgp-]Xp Imf-Isf temI-cm-Py-ßƒ°mbn bmKw Ign-°p-∂p. sblq-Z-∑m¿ Pm-Xn-Iƒ°p-

th≠n {]m¿∞n-°p-hm\pw Ahsc shfn-®-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-h-cp-hm\pw IS-s∏-´-h-cm-Ip-∂p. Cu {]kvXm-

h\bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI ]›m-Ø-e-sØ-bmWv CXv {]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ""bh-\-∑m¿'' F∂ {]tbmKw

""PmXn-Iƒ'' F∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- -Xv. PmXn-I-fp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ NnX-dn-∏m¿°p∂ sblq-Z-∑m-

sc-bmWv Unkvs]cnb (Nn-X-dn-∏m¿°p-∂-h¿) F∂ {]tbmKw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. bmt°m. 1:1; 1

]s{Xm. 1:1). tbip-hns‚ ZrjvSm-¥-]-c-amb `mjsb icn-bmbn a\- n-em-°mØ ]pcp-jm-csØ ImWn-°p∂

as‰mcp DZm-l-c-W-amWv CXv.

CXv tbip-hns‚ ew_ ssZzX-Øns‚ as‰mcp DZm-l-cWw IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tbip-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-

fnse ""apI-fn¬'', ""Xmsg'' F∂p hn -Pn-°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw Ahs‚ {]kvXm-h-\sb B£-cn-I-ambn hymJym-

\n® ]pcp-jm-cw Ah-s\ -sX-‰n-≤-cn-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Ah≥ ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂p h∂-h\pw ]nXm-hn-¶-te°p

aS-ßp-∂-h\pw Bbn-cp-∂p.

tbml-∂m≥ 7:37˛39

37D’hØns‚ almZn\amb HSp°sØ\mfn¬ tbip \n∂psIm≠p: Zmln°p∂h≥ F√mw

Fs‚ ASp°¬ h∂p IpSn°s´. 38F∂n¬ hnizkn°p∂hs‚ D≈n¬\n∂p XncpshgpØp

]dbp∂Xpt]mse PohPeØns‚ \ZnIƒ HgpIpw F∂p hnfn®p]d™p. 39Ah≥ CXp X∂n¬

hnizkn°p∂h¿°p e`n∏m\p≈ Bflmhns\°pdn®p BIp∂p ]d™Xp; tbip A∂p tXPkvI

cn°s∏ńń√mbvIbm¬ Bflmhp h∂nń√mbncp∂p.

7:37 ""D’-h-Øns‚ alm-Zn-\-amb HSp-°sØ \mfn¬'' CXv Ggp-Zn-h-k-ap≈ Hcp s]cp∂mƒ BtWm (H.-

t\m. Bh. 16:13), AtXm F´p Znh-k-ap≈ s]cp-∂mƒ (H.-t\m. tehy. 23:36; s\sl. 8:17; 2 a°m-_y¿ 10:60;

tPmk- o-kv) BtWm F∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Nne tNmZy-ßƒ \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-≠v. {]Xy-£-Øn¬ tbip-hns‚

ka-bØv CsXmcp F´p-Zn\ s]cp-∂mƒ Bbn-cp-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, Ah-km-\sØ Znh-kw, a‰p≈ Ggp-Zn-

h-khpw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse iotemlmw Ipf-Øn¬ \n∂pw sh≈w FSpØv bmK-]o-T-Øns‚ Nph- n¬ Hgn-

®n-cp-∂n-√. sbi-ømhv 12:3 se D≤-cn®v X¬aq-Zns‚ {Ss°-bn‰v kpJm-bn¬ \n∂pw Cu NS-ßn-s\-°p-dn®v hni-

Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. CXv Nne-t∏m-ƒ hnf-hn\p th≠n-bp≈ ag-bv°mbn´p≈ {]m¿∞-\sb Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p∂-Xm-

Imw.

� ""...-∂-h≥'' {]h¿Ø\w {]Xo-£n-°p∂ Hcp tkm]m-[nI {]kvXm-h-\-bm-Wn-Xv.

� ""Zmln-°p-∂-h≥ F√mw'' tbip-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn-te-°p≈ Hcp BtKmf £Ww. 7:17 se Ipdn∏v

ImWp-I.

� ""Fs‚ ASp-°¬ h∂p IpSn-°s´'' CtX cq]Im-e-¶mcw 4:13˛15¬ tbip D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. CXv Nne-

t∏mƒ d∫n-am-cpsS hnizmk{]Imcw Pew \¬Ip∂ ain-sslI ]md-bmbn tbip-hns\ Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-

Im≥ km[y-X-bp≠v (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 10:4). sbi-ømhv 55:1˛3 se ]g-b-\n-ba £W-tØmSpw s]cp-∂mƒ

149

ka-bØv {]Xo-Im-fl-I-ambn Pew Hgn-°p-∂-Xns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI ]›m-Ø-e-tØmSpw _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

Nne ]pcmX\ {Ko°v Isø-gpØp {]Xn-Iƒ ""Fs‚ ASp--°¬'' F∂ {]tbmKw FSp-Øp-I-f-™n- p≠v (H.-

t\m. P66, a, and D). CXv Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn°p-∂Xv P66c, P75, ac, L, T, W F∂nh-bn-em-Wv. CXv ]›m-Ø-en-

emWv kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXn\v UBS4 "_n' td‰v \¬Ip∂p (G-Xm≠v Dd-∏m-b-Xv). tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-

ti-j-Øn¬ Ah-\n¬ hniz-k-a¿∏n-°p-hm≥ P\-ßsf D’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu kphn-ti-j-Øn\v Hcp hy‡n-

]-c-amb e£y-ap-≠v.

7:38 ""F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-hs‚'' CsXmcp h¿Ø-am-\Ime {Inb BIp∂p F∂Xv {i≤n-°p-I. tbml-

∂m≥ 15 se ""hkn-°pI'' F∂Xpt]mse tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn¬, XpS¿am-\-ambn \ne-\n¬°p∂

hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘w Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂v CXv Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p. 9:7 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: c£bv°v

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ {Ko°v {Inbm-Imeßƒ Im-Wp-I.

� ""Xncp-sh-gp-Øp ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse'' Cu D≤cWn°v Hcp {]tXyI thZ- mKw I≠p-]n-Sn-°pI {]bm-k-

am-Wv. F∂m¬ Cu hmIy-ßƒ, sbi. 12:3; 43:19˛20; 44:3; 58:11; sbsl. 47:1; tbmth. 3:18; skJ. 13:1 As√-

¶n¬ 14:8 BImw. ssZh-km-∂n-[y-Øns‚ Abm-f-ambn A¥y-Ime ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb PesØ {]Xo-

Im-fl-I-ambn kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wn-Xv. Cu kw -h-Øn¬ Im¿jnI A`n-hr-≤n-bpsS ]pXnb bpK-Øn¬ \¬I-

s∏- n-cn-°p∂ hmKvZØ Pew, ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-bpsS B¥-cnI kz`m-h-Øns‚ {]Xo-I-ambn am‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

lrZ-b-Ønepw a\- nepw Bflmhv kPo-h-am-bn-cn°pw (H.-t\m. sbsl. 36:27˛38).

� ""hniz-kn-°p-∂-hs‚ D≈n¬ \n∂p Xncp-sh-gpØp ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse Poh-P-e-Øns‚ \Zn-Iƒ

HgpIpw'' ""Ah≥'' F∂ k¿Δ \maw Bsc-°p-dn-°p∂psh∂Xp kw_-‘n®v At\I kn≤m-¥-ß-fp-≠v.

1. tbip Xs∂ (H.-t\m. BZna k`m ]nXm-°-∑m¿)

2. tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ hy‡n-Iƒ

3. sbcqitew. Acmay `mj-bn¬ ""Ahs‚'' F∂Xv ""Ah-fpsS'' F∂ A¿∞-Ønepw Hcp ]´-W-

sa∂ A¿∞-Ønepw ImWm≥ Ignbpw (C-Xm-bn-cp∂p d∫n-am-cpsS \ne-]m-Sv). H.-t\m. sbsl. 47:1- 12; skJ.

14:8).

hm. 37a, 38b F-∂nh Hcp-h≥ hn -Pn-°p-∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ A¿∞ hyXym-k-sØ-°p-dn®v

hfsc \√ lrkzhpw efn-X-hp-amb Hcp N¿® NIDOTTE, Vol. 1. p. 638 ¬ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

tbip Xs∂-Øs∂ Pohs‚ Pew F∂p hnfn-®n´p≠v (H.-t\m. 4:10). F∂m¬ Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬

CXv ]cnip-≤m-flm-hm-Wv (H.-t\m. hm. 39). Ah-\mWv tbip-hns\ A\pK-an-°p-∂-h¿°v Poh-Pew \¬Ip-∂-

Xv. hn-izm-knbn¬ {InkvXp-hns\ Dcp-hm-°p∂ Bflm-hns‚ {]hr-Øn°p kam-\-am-b-Xm-WnXv (H.-t\m. tdma.

8:29; Kem. 4:19; Fs^. 4:13).

7:39 ""tbip A∂p tXP-kvI-cn-°-s∏-ń-ń-√m-bvI-bm¬ Bflmhp h∂n-ń-√m-bn-cp-∂p'' Cu {]kvXm-h-\-

bpsS {]m[m-\y-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ tbml-∂ms‚ ]nev°me Nn¥m-K-Xn-bm-Wv ChnsS {]Xn- -en-°p-∂Xv (AXm.

Hcp ]{Xm-[n] A`n-{]m-bw, H.-t\m. 16:7). Im¬h-dnbpw s]s¥-t°mkvXpw ""tXP-kvI-cWw'' Bbn ImWp-∂-

Xns‚ {]m[m-\yhpw CXv kqNn∏n°p∂p (H.-t\m. tbml. 3:14; 12:16,23; 17:1,5). Cu lrkz {]kvXm-h-\-bn-

eqsS tbml-∂m≥ A¿∞-am-°n-bXv F¥m-sW∂v hni-Z-am-°p-hm-\p≈ \nc-h[n ]finX {ia-ßƒ \S-∂n-

´p-≠v.

tbml-∂m≥ 7:40- 44

40]pcpjmcØn¬ ]ecpw B hm°p tIń´p: Ch≥ km£m¬ B {]hmNI≥ BIp∂p F∂p

]d™p. 41thsd Nne¿: Ch≥ {InkvXp Xt∂ F∂pw a‰p Nne¿: Keoebn¬\nt∂m {InkvXp hcp∂Xv?42ZmhoZns‚ k¥Xnbn¬\n∂pw ZmhoZv ]m¿Ø {Kmaamb t_Xvteslan¬\n∂pw {InkvXp hcp∂p,

F∂p XncpshgpØp ]dbp∂n√tbm F∂pw ]d™p. 43Aßs\ ]pcpjmcØn¬ Ahs\s®m√n

`n∂X D≠mbn. 44Ahcn¬ Nne¿ Ahs\ ]nSn∏m≥ `mhn®p F¶nepw Bcpw Ahs‚ta¬

ssIsh®n√.

7:40 ""Ch≥ km£m¬ B {]hmNI≥ BIp-∂p'' Bh. 18:15,18 ¬ ImWp-∂ hmKvZØ ain-lm-sb-°p-dn-

®p≈ tamsi-bpsS ]cm-a¿iw BWn-Xv. ]ecpw tbip-hns\ {]hm-N-I-\mbn Xncn-®-dn™p (H.-t\m. 4:19; 6:14;

9:17; aØm. 21:11). tbip-hns‚ i‡nsb Xncn-®-dn-™-h¿ Ahs‚ hy‡n-Xz-sØbpw ip{iq-j-I-sfbpw

sX‰n≤cn-®p. C…mw aXhpw tbip-hns‚ Cu ÿm\-t∏cv D]-tbm-Kn-®p. F¶nepw Ahs‚ ktμ-isØ

sX‰mbn [cn-®p.

7:41 ""thsd Nne¿: Ch≥ {InkvXp Xs∂ F∂pw'' ""{InkvXp'' F∂ ]Zw F{_mb `mj-bnse ""A`n-jn-

‡≥'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ ""ainlm'' F∂ ]Z-Øn\v kam-\-amWv F∂mWnXp ImWn-°p-∂Xv. ssZh-hn-fn-bp-

150

sSbpw Hcp-°-Øn-s‚bpw AS-bm-f-am-bn- mWv ]g-b-\n-baØn¬ cmPm-°-∑m¿, ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿, {]hm-N-I-∑m¿

F∂n-hsc A`n-tjIw sNbvXn-cp-∂Xv. 11:2 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ss__n-fnse A`n-tjIw ImWp-I.

� ""a‰p Nne¿: Keo-e-bn¬ \nt∂m {InkvXp hcp-∂Xv?'' {Ko°v hymI-cW LS\ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv

""A√'' Fs∂mcp DØ-c-am-Wv. F∂m¬ sbi. 9:1 s\°p-dn®v F¥mWv ]d-bp-hm-\p-≈Xv?

7:42 {Ko°v hymI-cW LS\ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv ""D≠v'' F∂ DØ-c-am-Wv.

� ""Zmho-Zns‚ k¥-Xn-bn¬ \n∂pw'' (H.-t\m. 2 iaq. 7; aØm. 21:9; 22:42).

� ""ZmhoZv ]m¿Ø {Kma-amb t_Øve-tl-an¬ \n∂pw'' CXv as‰mcp hntcm-[m- m-k-amb D]-tbm-K-amWv

(H.-t\m. aoJm 5:2˛3; aØm. 2:5˛6).

7:43 tbiphpw Xs‚ ktμ-ihpw Ft∏mgpw hn`m-Ko-bX krjvSn®p (H.-t\m. 7:48˛52; 9:16; 10:19; aØm-. 10:34˛39;

eqs°m. 12:51˛53). CXv hnX-bv°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®p≈ D]-a-bpsS a¿Ω-amWv (H.-t\m. aØm. 13). Nne¿°v

Bflob ImXp-I-fp-≠v. F∂m¬ a‰p Nne¿°v AXn-√ (H.-t\m. aØm. 10:27; 11:15; 13:9,15 (c≠p {]mh-iyw)

16,43; a¿s°m. 4:9,23; 7:16; 8:18; eqs°m. 8:8; 14:35).

tbml-∂m≥ 7:45- 52

45tNhI¿ alm]ptcmlnX∑mcpsSbpw ]coi∑mcpsSbpw ASp°¬ aSßnh∂t∏mƒ Ah¿

AhtcmSp: \nßƒ Ahs\ sIm≠phcm™Xp F¥p F∂p tNmZn®Xn∂p: 46Cu a\pjy≥

kwkmcn°p∂Xpt]mse Bcpw Hcp\mfpw kwkmcn®n´n√ F∂p tNhI¿ DØcw ]d™p.47]coi∑m¿ AhtcmSp: \nßfpw sX‰nt∏mtbm? 48{]amWnIfn¬ BIs´ ]coi∑mcn¬ BIs´,

Bsc¶nepw Ah\n¬ hnizkn®n´pt≠m? 49\ymb{]amWw AdnbmØ ]pcpjmctam i]n°s∏´h

cmIp∂p F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 50Ahcn¬ HcpØ\mbn, apsº Ahs‚ ASp°¬ h∂ncp∂

\ns°mtZsamkv AhtcmSp: 51Hcp a\pjys‚ hmsamgn BZyw tI´p, Ah≥ sNøp∂Xp C∂Xp

F∂p Adn™n´√msX \ΩpsS \ymb{]amWw Ahs\ hn[n°p∂pthm F∂p ]d™p. 52Ah¿

Aht\mSp: \obpw Keoe°mct\m? ]cntim[n®pt\m°pI; Keoebn¬\n∂p {]hmNI≥ Fgpt∂

ev°p∂n√t√m F∂p DØcw ]d™p.

7:46 ""Cu a\p-jy≥ kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Bcpw Hcp\mfpw kwkm-cn-®n- n√ F∂v tNh-I¿ DØcw

]d-™p'' ChnsS ho≠panXm tbml-∂ms‚ sshcp≤y {]kvXm-h\! CXv sR´n-∏n-°p∂ Hcp km£y-am-

Wv.

1. ]pcp-jm-c-sØ-bp≈ t]Sn tNh-I¿ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂n-√, AXp \s√mcp Hgn-I-gn-hm-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p F¶n-

epw.

2. ]pcp-jmcw hnL-Sn®p \n¬°p∂ ka-b-Øv, Cu tNh-I¿°v tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn®v GIm- n-{]m-b-am-bn-

cp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

3. Cu tNh-I¿ Xß-fpsS A`n-{]mbw ]d-bp∂Xn\p ]Icw Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn®p ioe-ap-≈-h-cm-

bn-cp-∂p.

7:48 ""{]am-Wn-I-fn¬ BI-s´, ]co-i-∑m-cn¬ BIs´ Bsc-¶nepw Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-®n- pt≠m?'' hm.

47,48 se {Ko°v hymI-c-W-L-S\ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv ""C√'' Fs∂mcp DØ-c-am-Wv. {]am-Wn-Iƒ F∂ {]tbmKw

k≥ln-{Zn≥ kwL-sØ-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ]c-kv]cw i{Xp-X-bp≈ kZqIycpw ]co-i-∑mcpw (ap-gp-h≥

k≥ln-{Zn≥ kwLw) tbip-hn-s\-Xnsc Hcp-an®p tNcp-∂-XmWv ChnsS ImWp∂Xv (H.-t\m. 11:47,57; 18:3).

7:49 ""\ymb-{]-amWw Adn-bmØ ]pcpjmctam i]n-°-s∏- -h-cm-Ip∂p'' hmsam-gn-bmbp≈ aX-]m-c-º-cy-

ßƒ A\p-jvTn-°mØhcpw aX-t\-Xm-°ƒ Ah-⁄-tbmsS I≠n-cp-∂-h-cp-amb ""tZisØ P\-ßsf'' BWn-

hnsS (Bw- lm-tc-kv) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. Bh. 27:26). tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Ønse hntcm[m`m-

k-amb tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ ho≠pw hmIyw 51 ¬ XpS-cp-∂p. tbip-hn-t\m-Sp≈ Ah-cpsS s]cp-am‰ØneqsS

Ah-cpw \ymb-{]-amWw ewLn°p-IbmsW∂v \nt°m-tZsamkv Nq≠n-°m- p-∂p.

CXv aX-Øn-\p-≠m-Im-hp∂ Zpc-¥-am-Wv. km[m-cW P\-ßsf i]n-°p-∂-h¿ kzbw i]n-°-s∏-´-h-cm-

Ip∂p (F]m-dmt‰mkv˛eparatoj ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ ChnsS am{Xw ImWp-∂p). shfn®w Ccp- mbn amdp-

∂p-sh-¶n¬, B Ccp v F{X-am{Xw hen-b-Xmbncn°pw. B[p-\n-I, bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I, hnZym-kº∂-cmb aXm-

\p-bm-bn-Iƒ ap∂-dn-bn∏v Gs‰-Sp-°p-I.

7:51 ""Hcp a\p-jys‚ hmsamgn BZyw tI´p, Ah≥ sNøp-∂Xp C∂-sX∂v Adn-™n- n-√msX \ΩpsS

\ymb-{]-amWw Ahs\ hn[n-°p-∂pthm'' {Ko°v hymI-cW LS\ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv ""C√'' F∂ Hcp-Ø-

c-amWv (H.-t\m. ]pd. 23:1; Bh. 1:16).

151

7:52 ""\obpw Keo-e-°m-ct\m?'' tbip-hn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ k≥ln-{Znw kw-L-Øns‚ sshIm-cn-I-amb

FXn¿∏mWv CXv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.

� ""]cn-tim-[n®p t\m°pI-'' sblq-Z-a-X-Øn¬, At\z-jn-°pI F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ

]Tn-°pI F∂-XmWv (H.-t\m. 5:39). tbml-∂ms‚ hntcm[m- m-k-amb tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-em-Wv ChnsS ho≠pw

ImWp-∂Xv. Geobmhv (H.-t\m. 1 cmPm. 17:1), tbm\m (H.-t\m. 2 cmPm. 14:25), tlti-b, \lqw F∂n-h-sc-°p-

dn®v F¥mWv ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv? Ah-cn¬ Nnecpw Bh. 18:15,19; Dev]. 49:10; 2 iaq. 7 F∂o `mK-ß-fn¬ ]d-

bp∂ {]hmN-I-\m-bn-cp-t∂-°mw.

7:53˛8:11 8˛mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ Bcw- -Ønse Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.









1. 7˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ImWp∂ tbip-hns‚ hm°p-I-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-ep≈ s]cp-∂mƒ GXmWv?

2. IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂m-fns‚ Dt±-iy-sØ-°p-dn®v hnh-cn-°p-Ibpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.

3. F¥p-sIm≠mWv aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m¿ tbip-hnt\mSv A[nIw i{Xp-X -Im- n-bXv?

4. tbip-{In-kvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn®v A`n-{]mbw ]d-bp∂ hyXykvX {Kq∏p-I-sf-°p-dn®v Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬

\n∂pw FSp-sØ-gp-Xp-I.

152



hy`n-Nm-c-Øn¬ Hcp hy`nNmcnWn hy`n-Nm-c-Øn¬ hy`n-Nm-c-Øn¬ hy`n-Nm-cnWnbmb

]nSn-°-s∏´ temI-Øns‚ shfn ]nSn-°-s∏´ ]nSn-°-s∏´ kv{Xo

kv{Xo ®sØ I≠p-ap- p∂p kv{Xo kv{Xo

7:53˛8:11 7:53˛8:12 7:53˛8:11 7:53˛8:11 7:53˛8:11

tbip, temIØn tbip Xs‚ kzb tbip, temIØn tbip, temIØn tbip, temIØn

s‚ shfn®w km£ysØ ka¿ s‚ shfn®w s‚ shfn®w s‚ shfn®w

∞n°p∂p

8:12˛20 8:12˛20 8:12 8:12

tbiphns‚ kzb

km£y-sØ-°pdn

®p≈ N¿®

8:13˛20 8:13 8:13˛18

8:14˛18

8:19a 8:19a

8:19b 8:19b

8:20 8:20

Rm≥ t]mIp-t∂S tbip Xs‚ Rm≥ t]mIp-t∂S

Øv \nßƒ°p t]m°v ap∂dn Øv \nßƒ°p

hcm≥ Ign-I-bn√ bn°p∂p t]mIm≥ Ign-I-bn√

8:21-˛30 8:21-˛29 8:21-˛30 8:21- 8:21-

8:22 8:22˛24

8:23˛24

8:25a 8:25a

8:25b˛26 8:25b˛26

kXyw \nßsf 8:27˛29 8:27˛29

kzX{¥-cm°pw

8:30-˛36 8:30 8:30-

kXyw \nßsf kXyw \nßsf tbiphpw

kzX{¥-cm°pw kzX{¥-cm°pw A{_m-lmapw

8:31-˛38 8:31-˛33 8:31-˛32 8:31-˛32

8:33 8:33-˛38

A{_m-lm-ans‚ 8:34˛38 8:34˛38

k¥-Xnbpw

kmØm\pw

\nß-fpsS ]nXmhv 8:37˛47

]nimNv

8:39˛47 8:39˛47 8:39a 8:39˛41a8:39b˛41a8:41b 8:41b˛47

8:42˛47

A{_mlmw P\n® A{_mlmw P\n® tbiphpw

Xn\p apsº Rm≥ Xn\p apsº Rm≥ A{_m-lmapw

D≠v D≠v

8:48-˛59 8:48-˛59 8:48-˛59 8:48- 8:48-˛51

153














4. BZnbmbh

7:53˛8:11 s‚ ]›m-ØewA. tbml. 7:53- 8:11 hsc-bp≈ thZ- mKw tbml-∂m≥ Fgp-Xnb bYm¿∞ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ `mK-a-√.

B. Cu thZ- mKw ({Ko-°n¬ Hcp hmNIw) kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ \n∂pw hn´p-I-f-™-XmWv F∂-Xn-\p≈

sXfn-hp-Iƒ).

1. _mly-sX-fn-hp-Iƒ

a. G‰hpw ]pcm-X\ {Ko°v Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ ImWp-∂n-√.

1) ]m∏n-dkv ˛ P65 (aq∂mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ BZyw), P75 (aq∂mw \q‰m≠v)

2) hen-b-£c Isø-gp-Øp-{]-Xn-Iƒ ˛ a (\memw \q‰m-≠v), B (\memw \q‰m-≠v), A, CF∂nh-bnepw Cs√∂p Icp-Xmw. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Cu `mKw \in-®p

t]mbn-cn-°p∂p, F¶nepw \ne-hn-ep≈ Xmfp-Iƒ Af∂p t\m°n-bm¬ Cu `mK-Øn-

\p≈ ÿew ImWp-∂n-√.

b. CXv Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≈ ]n¬°me {Ko°v Isø-gpØv {]Xn-I-fn¬ ]e-Xnepw Cu `mKw

bYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ C√m-Ø-Xm-sW∂v ImWn-°p-hm≥ th≠n

{]tXyI Nn”-ßtfm AS-bm-f-ßtfm tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmWv Fgp-Xn-bn- p-≈-Xv.

c. Cu thZ-`mKw hyXykvX ]n¬°me ssIsø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ hyXykvX ÿe-ß-fn-

emWv ImW-s∏-Sp∂-Xv.

1) tbml. 7:36 \p tijw



4) eqs°mkn¬ 21:38 \ptijw

5) eqs°m-kn¬ 24:53 \ptijw

d. ]pcm-X\ X¿÷-a-I-fnepw ImWp-∂n-√.

1) ]gb em‰n≥

2) ]gb kndn-b°v

3) s]jn‰m (]n¬°me kndn-b-°v)- bpsS BZyIme ]I¿∏p-I-fn¬

8:49-˛51

8:52-˛53 8:52-˛56

8:54-˛56

8:57 8:57-˛58

8:58

8:59 8:59

154

e. {Ko°v ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Bcpw Xs∂ (12˛mw \q‰m≠v hsc-bpw) Cu `mK-sØ-°p-dn®v A`n-{]m-b-

ßƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n√.

f. Bdmw \q‰m-≠nse shtÃ¨ Isø-gp-Øp-{]-Xn-bmb sImskIvkv Un (s_-km-bn) bnepw,

em‰n≥ hƒ tK‰n-epw, s]jn-‰m-bpsS ]n∂o-Sp≈ ]Xn-∏p-I-fnepw Cu thZ- mKw ImWp-∂-Xv.

2. B¥-cn-I- sXfnhv

a. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-sØ-°mƒ eqs°m-kns‚ kphn-ti-j-Ønse hm°p-Ifpw ssien-

IfpamWv ChnsS ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Nne {Ko°v Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬ CXv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xv eqs°m 21:38 \ptijhpw a‰p-≈-h-bn¬ 24:53 \p tijhpw BWv.

b. 7:1˛52; 8:12˛-59 F∂n-hn-S-ßfnembn hnh-cn-°p∂ IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂m-fn\p tij-ap-≈, sblqZ

aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m-cp-am-bp≈ tbip-hns‚ kw`m-j-W-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-esØ apgp-h-\mbn´pw

Cu thZ- mKw shń-ap-dn-°p-∂p.

c. ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ kam-¥-c -th-Z- m-Kw -Im-Wp-∂n-√.

3. Hcp ka{K kmt¶-XnI N¿®-bv°mbn {_qkv Fw. sa‰vkvKdns‚ F sSIvkvNz¬ Ia‚dn Hm¨

Z {Ko°v \yq sSÃvsa‚ v, t]Pv 219˛221 ImWp-I.

C. tbiphns‚ Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hmsam-gn ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬ \n∂pw FSp-Øn- p≈ bYm¿∞ hnh-

c-W-amImw CXv. F¶nepw tbip-hns‚ Pohn-X-Ønse ]e kw -h-ßfpw kphn-tij cN-bn-Xm-°ƒ

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n-√ (tbm-l. 20:30˛31). kphn-tij cN-bn-Xm-°ƒ am{X-amWv ssZh-\n-izm-ko-bX-

bp-≈-h¿. ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b-cmb bYm¿∞ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-ń-√mØ tbip-hns‚

Pohn-X-Ønse kw -h-ßsf, Ah B[n-Im-cn-I-ambncp∂m¬ Xs∂bpw, ]n∂o-Sp≈ ]I¿s∏-gp-Øp-

Im¿°v Dƒs°m-≈n-°p-hm≥ A[n-Im-c-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. bYm¿∞ Fgp-Øp-Im¿°v am{Xta tbip-hns‚

hm°p-Ifpw ip{iq-j-Ifpw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-hm-\pw {Iao-I-cn-°p-hm\pw tN¿®-bp-≈-Xm-°p-hm\pw ]cn-

ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ am¿§-\n¿t±-im-\p-k-c-W-ap≈ {]Im-i\w e`n-®n-cp-∂p-≈q. Cu thZ- mKw bYm¿∞-

kphn-ti-j-Øn-ep-≈X-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠v, ssZh-izm-ko-b-a-√mØXpw \ΩpsS ss__n-fp-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-

Sp-Øp-hm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.

D. Cu thZ-`m-K-sØ-°p-dn®v A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂n√. ImcWw tbml-∂ms‚

Xqen-I-bn¬ \n∂pw D≠mb thZ- m-K-am-Wn-sX∂v Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ CXv

ssZh-izm-ko-b-amb thZ- m-K-a√ (H-cp-]t£ Ncn-{X-am-sW-¶nepw).

]Z, -ssi-en ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 8:12˛20

12tbip ]ns∂bpw AhtcmSp kwkmcn®p: Rm≥ temIØns‚ shfn®w BIp∂p; Fs∂

A\pKan°p∂h≥ Ccpfn¬ \S°msX, Pohs‚ shfn®ap≈h≥ BIpw F∂p ]d™p. 13]coi∑m¿

Aht\mSp: \o \ns∂°pdn®p Xt∂ km£yw ]dbp∂p; \ns‚ km£yw kXyw A√ F∂p ]d™p.14tbip AhtcmSp DØcw ]d™Xp: Rm≥ Fs∂°pdn®p Xt∂ km£yw ]d™mepw Fs‚

km£yw kXyw BIp∂p; Rm≥ FhnsS\n∂p h∂p F∂pw FhntS°p t]mIp∂p F∂pw Rm≥

Adnbp∂p; \nßtfm, Rm≥ FhnsS\n∂p h∂p F∂pw FhntS°p t]mIp∂p F∂pw Adnbp∂n√.15\nßƒ PU{]Imcw hn[n°p∂p; Rm≥ Bscbpw hn[n°p∂n√. 16Rm≥ hn[n®mepw Rm≥

GI\√, Rm\pw Fs∂ Ab® ]nXmhpw IqsSbmIbm¬ Fs‚ hn[n kXyamIp∂p. 17c≠p a\p

jycpsS km£yw kXyw F∂p \nßfpsS \ymb{]amWØnepw FgpXnbncn°p∂pht√m? 18Rm≥

Fs∂°pdn®p Xt∂ km£yw ]dbp∂p; Fs∂ Ab® ]nXmhpw Fs∂°pdn®p km£yw ]dbp∂p.19Ah¿ Aht\mSp: \ns‚ ]nXmhp FhnsS F∂p tNmZn®Xn∂p tbip: \nßƒ Fs∂ BIs´

Fs‚ ]nXmhns\ BIs´ Adnbp∂n√; Fs∂ Adn™p F¶n¬ Fs‚ ]nXmhns\bpw Adnbp

ambncp∂p F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 20Ah≥ ssZhmebØn¬ D]tZin°ptºmƒ `fimcÿeØp

sh®p Cu hN\w ]d™p; Ahs‚ \mgnI AXphscbpw h∂nń√mbvIsIm≠p Bcpw Ahs\

]nSn®n√.

8:12 ""tbip ]ns∂bpw Ah-tcmSp kwkm-cn-®p'' ]pcp-jm-c-sØ-°p-dn®v Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂n-

√. CXns‚ ImcWw Nne-t∏mƒ IqSmcs∏cp-∂mƒ Ah-km-\n-°p-Ibpw tbip ssZhm-eb ]cn-k-c-Øp Xs∂

Xma-kn®v sblq-Z-t\-Xm-°-∑m-tcmSv hmZn-°p-Ibpw km£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXXmImw. F¥p-X-s∂-bm-bmepw

Poh-P-e-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ {]kwKw D]-tbm-Kn®v tbip kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ s]cp-∂m-fn\v Xøm-dm-b-Xp-

t]mse Cu `mKØv tbip s]cp-∂m-fns‚ Zo]w {]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂ NS-ßmWv kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. 8:12˛10:21 hsc-bp≈ `mKsØ kw -h-ßƒ IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂m-fns‚ Ah-km\ Znhkw D≠m-b-

155

Xm-sW∂v Xo¿®bmbpw ]d-bp-hm≥ km[n-°pw.

� ""Rm≥ temI-Øns‚ shfn-®-am-Ip∂p'' tbip Xs∂-Øs∂ Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-hm-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ kmZr-

iy-ß-fpsS Dd-hn-S-amb bn{km-tb-ens‚ Ncn-{X-Ønse ""acp-`q-{]-bmW'' Ime-hpambn 6,7,8 A≤ym-b-ßƒ

_‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂p.

1. 6˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ""a∂bpw'' ""Pohs‚ A∏hpw'' D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

2. 7˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ""Pehpw'' ""Poh-P-ehpw'' D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

3. 8˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ""shfn--®hpw"' sjtJ\ tXP pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

shfn®w F∂ cq]Im-e-¶mcw tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ DS-\ofw ImWp-∂p≠v (H.-t\m. 1:4˛5,8˛9; 3:19-

˛21; 9:5; 12:46).

CXv IrXyambn F¥mWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v hmZ-ap-J-ßƒ D≠v.

1. Ccp- ns\°pdn-®p≈ ]pcm-X\ `bw

2. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ Hcp t]cv (H.-t\m. k¶o. 27:1; sbi. 62:20; 1 tbml. 1:5)

3. IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂m-fns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ kv{XoI-fpsS {]mIm-c-Øn¬ \ne-hn-f°v IØn-°p-I

4. acp- q-{]-bmW ImeØv ssZh-km-∂n-[y-Øns‚ {]Xo-I-ambn sjtJ\ taLw

5. ]gb \nb-a-Ønse ain-sslI \ma-ßƒ (H.-t\m. sbi. 42:6, 49:6; eqs°m. 2:32).

d∫n-amcpw ain-lm-bv°v ""shfn®w'' F∂ t]cv D]-tbm-Kn-®p. IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂m-fns‚ ka-bØv kv{XoI-

fpsS {]mIm-c-Øn¬ henb hnf-°p-Iƒ IØn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv tbip-hns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS hy‡-amb kμ¿`w.

shfn-®sØ°pdn-®p≈ ain-sslI kqN-\-Ifpw 1:4,8 se {]tXyI kqN-\-Ifpw, ssZhm-e-b-Ønse NS-ßp-

Ifpw tbip-hn\v Xs‚ Dd-hn-S-sØ-°p-dn®v XpS¿∂pw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\m-h-iy-amb ]›m-Øew Hcp-°n.

tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Ønse Ggv ""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' (Xp-S¿∂v Hcp BJym-X-hpw) {]kvXmh\-Ifnsem-

∂m-WnXv

1. Rm≥ Pohs‚ A∏w B-Ip∂p (6:35,41,46,51).

2. Rm≥ temI-Øns‚ shfn-®w B-Ip∂p (8:12; 9:5; H.-t\m. 1:4,9; 12:46).

3. Rm≥ BSp-I-fpsS hmXn¬ BIp∂p (10:7,9).

4. Rm≥ \√ CS-b≥ BIp∂p (10:11,14).

5. Rm≥ ]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw Poh\pw BIp∂p (11:25).

6. Rm≥ Xs∂ hgnbpw kXyhpw Poh\pw B-Ip-∂p (14:6)

7. Rm≥ km£m¬ ap¥n-cn-h-≈n -B-Ip∂p (15:1,5).

tbip-hn-te°v hnc¬ Nq≠p∂ AXpey-amb CØcw {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬

am{Xta ImWp-∂p-≈q. c£-bpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb ImgvN-∏m-Sn-s\-bmWv tbml-∂m≥ tI{μo-I-cn-®p- ]-d-bp-∂-

Xv. \mw Ah-\n¬ B{i-bn-°-Ww.

� ""temI-Øns‚'' tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ km¿Δ-tZ-io-b-amb hym]vXn-sb-°p-dn-®mWv

ChnsS kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 3:16). 14:17 se {]tXyI ]T\hnj-bw: tImkvtamkv ImWp-I.

� ""Fs∂ A\p-K-an-°p-∂-h≥'' CXv Hcp h¿Ø-am-\-Ime I¿Øcn LS-I-am-Wv. {InkvXob am¿§w {]mY-

an-I-ambn Hcp {]am-Wtam ssZh-im-kv{Xtam A√, AXn-ep-]cn injyXz Pohn-X-ssien ]n¥p-S-cp∂ Hcp

hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘w BIp∂p F∂v Hm¿Ωn-t°-≠-XmWv (H.-t\m. aØm. 28:18˛20; 1 tbml. 1:7).

� ""Ccp-fn¬ \S-°msX'' Cu temI-Øns‚ ssZhw (km-Øm≥) ""Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS IÆp Ipcp-Sm°n''

F∂ ssZh-imkv{X ho£-W-Øns‚ kqN-\-bmWv Chn-sS -Im-Wp-∂-Xv. ""Imen\p Zo]hpw ]mXbv°p {]Im-

ihpw'' F∂-Xp-t]mse ssZh-h-N-\-sØ-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°p∂ ]gb\nba thZ-`m-K-ß-fpsS kqN-\bpw

ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv (H.-t\m. k¶o. 119:105). shfn-®sØ kzoI-cn-®-h-sc√mw hyXy-kvX-amb Pohn-X-ssi-en-

bn¬ Pohn-°Ww (H.-t\m. 1 tbml. 1:7).

� ""Pohs‚ shfn-®-ap-≈-h≥'' ssZh-Øns‚ Poh\v tbip DS-a-bm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw, B Poh≥ ssZhw X\n°p

\¬Inb Xs‚ A\p-Km-an-Iƒ°v sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 5:14).

8:13 ""]co-i-∑m¿'' 1:24 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

� ""\ns‚ km£yw kXy-a√'' sblq-Z-∑m¿ sXfn-hp-I-fpsS \nb-a-]-c-amb kmt¶-Xn-IXzw Bh-iy-am-

sW∂ Ah-Im-i-hmZw D∂-bn®p (D-Zm. c≠p km£n-I-fpsS Bh-iy-IX H.-t\m. kwJym. 35:30; Bh. 17:6;

19:15- 21). Cu XS- -sØ-°p-dn®p tbip Xs∂ apºv kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw (H.-t\m. tbml. 5:31 apX¬) At\I

km£n-Isf AWn\nc-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬ ]nXm-hmWp Xs‚ km£n!

8:14,16 ""]d-™mepw ... hn[n-®mepw'' Ch c≠pw {]Ya]pcpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wv. {InbmflI

{]hrØnsb-bm-WnXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. 8˛mw A≤ym-b-ØnepS-\ofw CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ {]tbm-K-amWv D≈-Xv.

� ""Rm≥ FhnsS\n∂p h∂p F∂pw Fhn-tS°p t]mIp∂p F∂pw Rm≥ Adn-bp∂p'' ""apI-fnepw

156

Xmsgbpw'' F∂ ZzμzamWv ho≠pw ChnsS ImWp-∂-Xv. ]nXm-hn-t\m-sSm-∏-ap≈ Xs‚ ]q¿Δm-kvXn-Iy-Øns‚

t_m[-]q¿Δ-amb Hm¿Ω, Xs‚ ZuXy-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Adn-hv, {]hm-NI ka-b-hn-h-c- ]- n-I-sb-°p-dn-®p≈

t_m[yw F∂nh tbip-hn\p-≠m-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. tbml. 1:1˛4,14˛18; 7:28˛29; 13:1; 17:5).

� ""\nß-tfm, Rm≥ Fhn-sS-\n∂p h∂p F∂pw Fhn-tS°p t]mIp-∂p F∂pw Adn-bp∂n√'' A≤ymbw 7

ambn CXn\v _‘-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. tbip-hns‚ P∑-ÿ-e-sØ-°p-dn®v Ah¿°v Adn-hn√ (H.-t\m. hm.

44˛22). AXp am{X-a-√, Ah≥ Ftßm´p t]mIp-∂p-sh∂pw Ah¿°-dn-bn√ (H.-t\m. 7:34˛36; 8:21). 1:8 se

{]tXyI ]T-\hn-jbw: tbip-hn\v km£yw ]d-bp-∂-h¿ ImWp-I.

8:15 ""\nßƒ PU-{]-Imcw hn[n-°p∂p'' CXpw 7˛mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ kqN-\-bmWv \¬Ip-∂Xv (H.-t\m.

hm. 24). 1:14 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: PUw ImWp-I.

� ""Rm≥ Bscbpw hn[n-°p-∂n√'' Cu `mKØn\v tbml-∂m≥ 3:17 Dw 9:39 Dambn ssh-cp-≤y-ap-≈-Xmbn

Nne¿ ImWp-∂p. temIsØ hn[n-∏m-\-√, Poh≥ \¬Ip-hm-\mWv tbip h∂-Xv. Ahs‚ hc-hns‚ ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ Xs∂ Ahs\ Xnc-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h¿ \ymb-hn[n°nc-bm-Iph∂p (H.-t\m. 3:18˛21).

8:16˛18 tImS-Xn-bn¬ tIkn\v B[m-c-ambn c≠v km£n-Iƒ thW-sa∂ hnj-b-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. kwJym.

35:30; Bh. 17:6; 9:15). hy‡-amb hm°p-I-fm¬ tbip ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ Xs‚ GIXzw ÿnco-I-cn-°p∂p

(H.-t\m. 7:29; 14:9). 1:8 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: tbiphn\v km£yw ]d-bp-∂-h¿ ImWp-I.

8:16

NASB (1970), NJB, REB ""Fs∂ Ab-®-h≥''

NASB (1995),NKJV, NRSV, NIV ""Fs∂ Ab® ]nXmhv''

NASB ss__nƒ `mjm-¥-c-Øns‚ c≠p ]Xn-∏p-I-fn¬ `n∂m-`n-{]mbw D≈-Xp-t]m-se, USB3,4 XΩnepw

`n∂m- n-{]mbw D≠v.

1. UBS3 ""]nXmhv F∂-Xn\v'' C td-‰nwKv \¬Ip∂p (MS P39, 66,75, a2, B, L, T, W)2. USB4 ""]nXmhv F∂-Xn\v'' A td‰nwKv \¬Ip∂p (Mss, a, D, Nne ]gb ]n¬°me kndnb `mjm-¥-

c-ßƒ CXv hn´p-I-f-bp-∂p.

tbip Hcn-°epw GI-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√! ]nXmhv Ft∏mgpw Ah-t\mSpIqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 16,29;

16:32). F∂m¬ Ipcn-in¬ am{Xw ]nXm-hns‚ km∂n≤yw C√ (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 15:34). Iq´m-bva-bpsS ]q¿Æ-

Xbpw kt¥m-j-hp-amWv c£-bpsS kØ. X\n°p Iq´mbva BN-cn-°p-hm≥ Hcp-hs\ e`n-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-

cp-∂p krjvSn-bpsS Dt±-iyw. AXp-sIm≠v Ah≥ (AXm. {InkvXp, H.-t\m. tbml. 1:3; 1 sImcn. 8:6; sImsem.

1:16; F{_m. 1:2) Ahsc btlm-hbpsS kmZr-iy-Ønepw kzcq-]-Ønepw krjvSn-®p (H.-t\m. Dev]. 1:26,27).

Cu Iq´m-bva-bpsS \jvS-amWv ]m]-Øns‚ in£. AXns‚ ]p\x-ÿm-]\w BWv tbip-hns‚ ZuXy-Øns‚

e£yw!

8:19 ""\ns‚ ]nXmhv FhnsS?'' Ah-cn-t∏mgpw tbip-hns\ B£-cn-Ihpw imco-cn-I-hp-ambn Xe-Øn-emWv

a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-cpsS ap≥hn-[nbpw Al-¥-bp-ap≈ a\ v kXy-Øn-\p-t\sc AS-bv°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p

(H.-t\m. hm. 27). tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ kmln-Xy-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-bmWv Cu sX‰n-≤m-c-W.

� ""Fs∂ Adn™p F¶n¬ Fs‚ ]nXmhns\bpw Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p'' CXp a[ya tkm]m-[nI hmNIw

BWv. ""hkvXp-Xbv°p hncp≤w'' F∂Xv ]e-t∏mgpw hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. ""\nßƒ Fs∂ Adn-™n-cp-∂p-sh-

¶n¬, AXp \nßƒ Adn-bp-∂n-√, Fs‚ ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bp-am-bn-cp∂p, AXp \nßƒ Adn-bp-∂n-√.'' 5:37

apX¬ Cu hnjbw Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p. 7:28 s‚ ]q¿Æ hni-Zo-I-cW-°p-dn∏v ImWp-I. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-

tijw Bh¿Øn-°p∂ amXr-I-I-fp≈ Hcp Nn{X-I-ºfw -t]m-setbm kwKo-X-Øn¬ Bh¿Øn-°p∂ kzc-

ebwt]msetbm Bb-Xn-\m¬ AXn-\p- cq-]-tcJ Xøm-dm-°pI hnj-aI-cam-Wv.

8:20 ""`fim-c-ÿ-eØp sh®p Cu hN\w ]d™p'' Hcp ZrIvkm-£n-bn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ as‰mcp ]-{Xm-[n]

A`n-{]m-b-amWv Cu hmIy-sa∂p hy‡-am-Wv. `fim-c-ÿew thdn´p \n¬°p∂ Hcp sI´n-S-a-√. IqSm-c-s∏-

cp-∂m-fn-s‚ ka-bØv henb shfn-®-ßƒ IØn-°p-∂-Xmb kv{XoI-fpsS {]mIm-c-Øn¬ (H.-t\m. a¿s°m.

12:41) {]tXyI Dt±-i-Øn-\mbn sh®n-cn-°p∂ Iml-f-Øns‚ BIr-Xn-bn-ep≈ ]Xn-aq∂v ]m{X-ß-fp-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p-sh∂v d∫n ]mc-ºcyw (sj-Imenw 6) ]d-bp-∂p.

� ""Ahs‚ \mgnI AXp-h-scbpw h∂n- n-√m-bvI-sIm≠p'' 2:4 s‚ Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

157

tbml-∂m≥ 8:21- 30

21Ah≥ ]ns∂bpw AhtcmSp: Rm≥ t]mIp∂p; \nßƒ Fs∂ At\zjn°pw; \nßfpsS

]m]Øn¬ \nßƒ acn°pw; Rm≥ t]mIp∂ CStØ°p \nßƒ°p hcphm≥ IgnIbn√ F∂p

]d™p. 22Rm≥ t]mIp∂ CStØ°p \nßƒ°p hcphm≥ IgnbpIbn√ F∂p Ah≥

]d™XpsIm≠p ]t£ Xs∂Øm≥ sIm√ptam F∂p sblqZ∑m¿ ]d™p. 23Ah≥ AhtcmSp:

\nßƒ Iogn¬\n∂p≈h¿, Rm≥ taen¬ \n∂p≈h≥; \nßƒ Cu temIØn¬ \n∂p≈h¿;

Rm≥ Cu temIØn¬ \n∂p≈h\√. 24BIbm¬ \nßfpsS ]m]ßfn¬ \nßƒ acn°pw F∂p

Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]d™p; Rm≥ Aßs\bp≈h≥ F∂p hnizkn°mXncp∂m¬, \nßƒ

\nßfpsS ]m]ßfn¬ acn°pw F∂p ]d™p. 25Ah¿ Aht\mSp: \o B¿ BIp∂p F∂p

tNmZn®Xn∂p tbip: BZnapX¬ Rm≥ \nßtfmSp kwkmcn®pt]mcp∂Xp Xt∂. 26\nßsf°pdn®p

hfsc kwkmcn°phm\pw hn[n∏m\pw F\n°p D≠p; F¶nepw Fs∂ Ab®h≥ kXyhm≥

BIp∂p; Aht\mSp tI´Xp Xt∂ Rm≥ temItØmSp kwkmcn°p∂p F∂p ]d™p.27]nXmhns\°pdn®p BIp∂p Ah≥ XßtfmSp ]d™Xp F∂p Ah¿ {Kln®n√. 28BIbm¬

tbip: \nßƒ a\pjy]p{Xs\ Db¿Ønbtijw Rm≥ Xt∂ Ah≥ F∂pw Rm≥ kzbambn

H∂pw sNømsX ]nXmhp F\n°p D]tZin®pX∂Xp t]mse CXp kwkmcn°p∂p F∂pw Adnbpw.29Fs∂ Ab®h≥ Ft∂mSpIqsS D≠p; Rm≥ F√mbvt∏mgpw Ah∂p {]kmZap≈Xp

sNøp∂XpsIm≠p Ah≥ Fs∂ GI\mbn hnńń√ F∂p ]d™p. 30Ah≥ Cßs\ kwkmcn®p

sIm≠ncn°ptºmƒ ]ecpw Ah\n¬ hnizkn®p.

8:21- 22 ""Rm≥ t]mIp-∂ CS-tØ°v \nßƒ hcp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√ F∂p Ah≥ ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠p

]t£ Xs∂-Øm≥ sIm√ptam F∂p sblq-Z-∑m¿ ]d™p'' 22˛mw hmIy-Ønse tNmZyw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂-

Xv ""C√'' Fs∂mcp DØ-c-am-Wv. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \n∂pw kv]jvS-am-Ip-∂Xv sblq-Z-∑m¿ tbip-hns‚

{]kvXm-h-\sb sX‰n-≤-cn®p F¶nepw (H.-t\m. 7:34˛36), Ah¿ AXns\ Ahs‚ ac-W-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-

SpØn F∂m-Wv. sPmko^kn¬ \n∂pw \mw a\- n-em-°p-∂Xv Bfl-lXy sNøp-∂-h-\p≈ ÿm\w ]mXm-

f-Øns‚ G‰hpw Xmsg Xń-em-sW-∂m-Wv. Cu tNmZyw {]Xy-£-ambn kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Ahn-tS-°mWv tbip

t]mIp-∂-sX-∂v Ah¿ Nn¥n®p F∂m-Ip-∂p.

8:21 ""\nß-fpsS ]m]-Øn¬ \nßƒ acn°pw'' hm. 21 ¬ ]m]w GI-h-N-\hpw hm. 24 ¬ _lp-h-N-\-hp-

amWv. tbip {InkvXp-hm-sW-∂p≈ \ncm-I-cWsØbm-WnXp {]mY-an-I-ambn kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. hm.

24). CXv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-Øn-se- £-an-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]-am-Wv. AhnsS t\Xm-°-

∑m¿ tbip-hns\ Ahs‚ hm°p-Ifpw AS-bm-f-ßfpw \¬Ip∂ henb shfn-®-Øns‚ km∂n-[y-Øn-em-Wv

Xnc-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xv. a¿s°m-kns‚ kphn-ti-j-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Fs‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ \n∂p Xmsg sImSp-

Øn-cn-°p∂ Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ ImWp-I.

a¿s°m. 3:29 ""]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ t\sc ZqjWw ]d-bp-∂-ht\m'' s]s¥-t°m-kvXn\p apºp≈

Ncn{X ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv CXv a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xv. ssZh-Øns‚ kXysØ \ncm-I-cn-°p∂ A¿∞-Øn-

emWv CXv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ""£an-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]w'' F∂mWv Cu hmIy-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]Tn-∏n-°-

ens\ s]mXpsh hnfn-°-p-∂Xv. Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ am\-Z-fi-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ CXns\ hymJym-\n-°-Ww.

1. ""A_-≤-h-im¬'' sNøp-∂Xpw ""Icp-Xn-°ń'' sNøp-∂-Xp-amb ]m]-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ ]g-b-\n-b-a-

Ønse hyXymkw (H.-t\m. kwJy. 15:27˛31).

2. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ]co-i-∑m-cpsS Ahn-izm-khpw tbip-hns‚ kz¥w IpSpw-_-Øns‚ Ahn-izm-

khpw XΩn-ep≈ sshcp≤yw {i≤n-°-Ww.

3. 28˛mw hmIy-Ønse ]m]-£-a-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ.

4. kphn-ti-j-ß-fnse kam-¥c `mK-ß-fnse hyXym-k-ßƒ, {]tXy-In®v ""a\p-jy]p{X≥,'' F∂Xv

(H.-t\m. aØm. 12:32; eqs°m. 12:10) ""a\p-jy¿'' F∂mbn amdp∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 12:32; a¿s°m.

3:28).

apI-fn¬ ]d-™-h-bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬, henb shfn-®-Øn-s‚bpw Adn-hn-s‚bpw km∂n-[y-Ønepw tbip-

hns\ shfn-∏m-Sn\pw c£-bv°-pap≈ ssZh-Øns‚ GI-hgn F∂ \ne-bn¬ Xnc-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h¿ sNøp-∂-

XmWv Cu ]m]w. Ah¿ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ shfn-®sØ kmØms‚ Ccp- m°n am‰p∂p (H.-t\m. a¿s°m.

3:30). Bflmhns‚ hen-®-Sp-∏n-°epw t_m[w hcp-Øepw Ah¿ \nc-kn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. tbml. 6:44,65). Hcp

hmt°m {]hr-Øntbm aqew ssZhw \nc-kn-°p-∂-X-√, adn®v a\x-∏q¿Δ-amb Ahn-izm-k-Øm¬ {InkvXp-hn-

eqsS ssZhsØ XpS¿am-\-ambn \nc-kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv £an-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]w (A-Xm. ]co-i-

∑mcpw imkv{Xn-amcpw). kphn-ti-jsØ Adn-™-h¿°p am{Xta Cu ]m]w sNøp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.

tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ktμiw hy‡-ambn tI -h¿ Cu \nc-k-\-Øn\v {]tXyIw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ BIp-

∂p. kphn-ti-j-Øn\v {]th-i-\-ap-≈, F∂m¬ tbip-hns\ Xnc-kvI-cn-°p∂ B[p-\nI kwkvIm-c-Øn-emWv

158

CXv {]tXy-In®v kXy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv (D-Zm. Ata-cn-°, ]m›mXy kwkvIm-cw).

8:23 ""\nßƒ Iogn¬ \n∂p-≈-h¿, Rm≥ taen¬ \n∂p-≈-h≥'' tbml-∂ms‚ ew_ -Zz-μ-Øns‚ as‰mcp

DZm-l-cWw BWnXv (D-Zm. taen¬ x Iogn¬,- H.-t\m. 7:35˛36; 18:36).

taen¬ \n∂p≈ tbiphpw Iogn¬ \n∂p≈ sblq-Z-∑mcpw XΩn¬ tbml-∂m≥ ]d-bp∂ hyXymkw

kphn-ti-j-ß-fnse AXp-ey-amb Zzμw cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. C∂sØ Xn∑-bpsS bpKw, `mhn-bnse \oXn-bpsS

bpKw F∂o c≠p hncp≤ sblqZ bpK-ßsf ka-ho-£-W- kp-hn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ (a-Øm-bn. a¿s°m-kv, eqs°m-

kv) hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ew_ Zzμz-Øn\v FXn-cmbn Xnc-›o\ Zzμw F∂ {]tbm-K-Øm-emWv Cu

hyXymkw hni-Zo-I-cn°s∏Sp-∂-Xv. tbip hyXykvX ]›m-Ø-e-ß-fn¬ Ch c≠pw D]-tZ-in-®pthm? tbml-

∂m-\n¬ tbip-hns‚ injy-∑m-tcm-Sp≈ kzImcy D]-tZ-i-ßƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ, ka-ho-£-W -kphntij-

Øn¬ tbip-hns‚ s]mXp-P-\ -ap-ºmsIbp≈ D]-tZ-i-ß-fmWv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

� ""\nßƒ Cu temI-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-h¿'' Cu temIw ZpjvSs‚ A[o-\-X-bn¬ InS-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 2

sImcn. 4:4; Fs^. 2:2; 1 tbml. 5:19). temIsØ kw_-‘n®v (tIm-kvtam-kv), 14:17 se {]tXyI ]T\

hnjbw ImWp-I.

8:24 "".... hniz-kn-°m-™m¬'' {Inbm-flI {]hr-Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ {]Ya]pcpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-

am-Wn-Xv.

�

NASB, NKJV ""Rm≥ Ah-\m-sW∂p \nßƒ hniz-kn-°m-™m¬''

NRSV, JB ""Rm≥ Ah-\m-sW∂p hniz-kn-°m-™m¬''

TEV ""Rm≥ BIp-∂-h≥ Rm\m-Ip∂p F∂p hniz-kn-°m-™m¬''

NJB ""Rm≥ Ah\msW∂p hniz-kn-°m-™m¬''

Xs‚ kz¥w ssZhn-I- kz- m-hsØ°pdn-®p-≈ -tb-ip-hns‚ kzb t_m[yw hy‡-am-°m-\p≈ ZrV-amb

{]kvXm-h-\-Ifn¬ H∂m-WnXv (A-s√-¶n¬ Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ""ainlm'' sb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. btlm-h-

bpsS ]g-b-\n-ba \ma-amWv tbip D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. ]pd. 3:14 se ""Rm≥ BIp∂p''). tbml-∂m-

\nse {]kn-≤-amb ""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' {]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-am-Wn-Xv. CXn¬ BJymXw

C√ (H.-t\m. 4:26; 6:20; 8:24,25,58; 13:19; 18:5,6,8). 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂-]Z-

Øns‚ tbml-∂m\nse D]-tbm-Kw ImWpI

8:25 ""\o B¿ BIp∂p'' ssZh-Zq-jWw Btcm-]n-°p-hm-\p≈ \nb-a-]-c-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ sblqZ {]amWn-

Iƒ At\z-jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p (H.-t\m. aØmbn 26:57˛68; a¿s°m. 14:53-˛65)! Ah¿ Ahs\ sIm√p-hm≥

B{K-ln-®p. Ah¿ hnh-c-Øn-\p-th-≠n-b√ in£ hn[n-°p-hm-\mWv At\z-jn-®-Xv. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-

j-Øn¬ (k-a-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-am-bn) tbip Ah-s\-Øs∂ hy‡-ambn shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp∂p! Ahs‚ hm°p-Ifpw (D-Zm. hm. 24), Ahs‚ {]hr-Øn-Ifpw (D-Zm. i∫-Øn¬ kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-

Xv) Ahs‚ A[n-Im-csØ hy‡-ambn ImWn-°p-∂p.

�

NASB ""BZn-ap-X¬ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp kwkm-cn®p t]mcp-∂Xp Xt∂''

NKJV ""BZn-ap-X¬ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xp Xt∂''

NRSV ""Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv F¥n\p ]d-bWw''

TEV ""Bcw- -Øn¬ Xs∂ Rm≥ \n-ß-tfmSp ]d-™Xp Xt∂''

NJB ""XpS°w apX¬ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-™Xp Xt∂''

{Ko°v aqe Isø-gpØp{]Xn-bn¬ hm°p-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬- A-Iew D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. Bb-Xn-\m¬ {Ko°v A£-

c-ßƒ hyXykvX CS-ß-fn¬, ]›m-Ø-e-Øn\v A\p-tbm-Py-ambn hm°p-Isf D≠m-°p-hm-\mbn hn -Pn-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bpw. ]cn- m-j-I-fnse sshcp-≤y-ßƒ Isø-gp-Øp-{]-Xn-I-fpsS hyXn-bm-\-hpam-bn- -√, hm°p-I-fpsS

hn -P-\-hp-am-bn v _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

ChnsS Nne DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ sImSp-°p-∂p.

1. hote (tlmsS) ˛ BZn-ap-X¬ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d™p (NASB, NKJV, TEV, NJB, NIV)

2. ho ti (tlm Sn) B›-cysØ tZymXn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp skan-‰nIv `mjm ssien-t]mse (NRSV, TEV)

Dev]Øn 1:1 s‚ sk]v‰zPn‚ v ]cn- m-j-bn¬ ""BZn-bn¬'' F∂ ]Zw D]-tbmKn°p-∂-Xp-t]mse (kr-

jvSn) tbml-∂m≥ 1:1 ¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv (A-hs‚ ip{iq-j) tbml-∂ms‚ hm°p-IƒsIm≠p≈ Hcp

{]tbm-KamWv. tbip ""BZnapX¬'' D≠m-bn-cp-∂p, A°mcyw Ah-tcmSv hm°mepw {]hr-Øn-bmepw ]d-

™p-sIm-≠p-an-cp∂p!

8:26˛27 Du∂en\pth≠n tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ Cu hn-j-b-ßƒ Bh¿Øn-®p-h-cp-∂p.

1. ]nXmhv Fs∂ Ab®p (H.-t\m. 3:17,34; 4:34; 5:36,38; 6:29,44,47; 7:28- 29; 8:16,26,42; 10:36; 11:42; 12:49;

14:24; 15:21; 17:3,18,21,23,25; 20:21)

159

2. ]nXmhv kXy-hm≥ BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 3:33; 7:28)

3. tbip-hns‚ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂pw BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 3:11; 7:16˛17; 8:26,28,40; 12:49; 14:24;

15:15)

4. tbip ]nXm-hns\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p (H.-t\m. 1:18; 8:26- 29; 12:49- 50; 14:7,9).

� ""Cu temIw'' 1:10 s‚ Ipdn∏v ImWpI

8:27 Fgp-Øp-Imcs‚ as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n] A`n-{]m-bw. tbip-hns‚ hy‡-X-bp≈ Be-¶m-cn-Ihpw ZrjvSm-¥-

]-c-hp-amb mj Ah¿ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, a‰p≈ sblq-Z-∑m-sc-t∏mse Ahcpw tbip-hns\ sIm√p-

hm≥ ]cn-{i-an-°p-am-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 5:18; 8:59; 10:33). F∂m¬ Ahs‚ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßƒ A{X ad-bv°-s∏-

´-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√.!

8:28 ""\nßƒ a\p-jy-]p-{Xs\ Db¿Øn-b-tijw'' CXv tbml-∂m≥ 3:14 ¬ N¿® sNbvX, kwJym. 21:4˛9

t\mSv _‘-s∏´ Hcp ]g-b-\n-ba ]cm-a¿iamWv. tbml-∂m-\nse \nc-h[n {]tbm-K-ßƒ t]mse, Cu

{]tbm-K-Ønepw Hcp Zzbm¿∞w ImWmw. ""Db¿Øn-b-tijw'' F∂Xv {Iqin¬ BsW∂v A¿∞-am-°m≥

Ignbpw (H.-t\m. 3:14; 12:32,34), BsW∂v A¿∞-am°m≥ Ignbpw (H.-t\m. 3:14; 12:32,34). ]t£, As∏m.

{]hr. 2:33; 5:31; ^nen. 2:29 F∂o hmIy-ß-fnset∏mse CXv ""al-Xz-s∏-Sp-ØpI'' F∂ A¿∞-Ønepw D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Xm≥ acn-°p-hm≥ h∂p F∂v tbip Adn-™n-cp∂p (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 10:45).

� ""a\p-jy-]p-{Xs\'' tbip kzbw Xnc-s™-SpØ t]cm-Wn-Xv. ImcWw sblqZ d∫n kwkvIm-c-Øn¬

CXn\v bp≤-]-c-tam, tZiob]ctam Bb hnh£ C√m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu t]cv a\p-jy-Xzhpw (H.-t\m. sbsl.

2:1; k¶o. 8:4), ssZhn-Ihpw (H.-t\m. Zm\o. 7:13) F∂o c≠v Bi-b-ßsf _‘-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv

tbip Cu t]cv Xnc-s™-Sp-Ø-Xv.

� ""Rm≥ Xs∂ Ah≥ F∂v ... \nßƒ Adnbpw'' s]s¥-t°mkvXp Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hscbpw (H.-t\m. 7:39)

injy-∑m¿ t]mepw (tb-ip-hns‚ IpSpw-_hpw) Ahs\ apgp-h-\mbn a\- n-em-°n-bn√! Bflob IÆp-Ifpw

ImXp-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cp∂ F√m-h-cnepw IÆp- Xp-d-°p∂ i‡n-tbm-sS-bmWv Bflmhv h∂-Xv.

""Rm≥ Xs∂ Ah≥'' {]tXyI hymI-cW Du∂-ens\ kw_-‘n®v hm. 24 s‚ Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

Ah¿ Adn-bm≥ t]mIp-∂-Xv

1. Ah≥ Bcm-Ip∂p (D-Zm. ain-lm)

2. Ah≥ ]nXm-hns\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p (H.-t\m. 5:19˛20)

3. Ah\pw ]nXmhpw H∂m-Ip∂p (hm. 29)

8:29 ""Ah≥ Fs∂ GI-\mbn hn´n- n√'' ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ tbip-hns‚ Iq´m-bva-bmWv Ahs\ \ne-\n¿Øn-

bXv (H.-t\m. 8:16; 16:32). AXp-sIm-≠m-bn-cp∂p {Iqin¬sh®v Iq´mbva \jvS-s∏- -Xv tbip-hn\v hfsc {]bm-

k-I-c-ambn Xo¿∂Xv (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 15:34).

8:30 ""]ecpw Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn®p'' Cu thZ- m-KØv ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂ {]tbm-K-Øns‚ D]-tbmKw

henb hym]vXnbp-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p. Nne tIƒhn-°mcpsS (H.-t\m. aØm. 13; a¿s°m. 4) `mKØv s]m≈-bmb

hnizm-k-amWv D≈-sX∂v CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p∂p. ainlm F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞-sØ-°p-

dn®v Ah¿ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\Øn¬ tbip ain-l-bm-sW∂p hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿

Xøm-d-√m-bn-cp-∂p. 8:30˛58 s‚ ]›m-Øew hy‡-ambn ImWn-°p-∂Xv Ah¿ bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn-Iƒ A√

F∂mWv (H.-t\m. 2:23˛25). tbml-∂m-\n¬ hnizm-k-Øn\v hnhn[ Xe-ßƒ ImWmw; Ah-sb√mw c£-bn-

te°v \bn-°p-∂n-√. 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

tbml-∂m≥ 8:31-˛33

31X∂n¬ hnizkn® sblqZ∑mtcmSp tbip: Fs‚ hN\Øn¬ \ne\nev°p∂p F¶n¬ \nßƒ

hmkvXhambn Fs‚ injy∑mcmbn, 32kXyw AdnIbpw kXyw \nßsf kzX{¥∑mcm°pIbpw

sNøpw F∂p ]d™p. 33Ah¿ Aht\mSp: Rßƒ A{_mlmans‚ k¥Xn; B¿°pw Hcp\mfpw

Zmk∑mcmbncp∂n´n√; \nßƒ kzX{¥∑m¿ BIpw F∂p \o ]dbp∂Xp Fßs\ F∂p DØcw

]d™p.

8:31 ""\ne-\n¬°p∂p F¶n¬'' {Inbm-flI {]hr-Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂p {]Ya]pcpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-

am-Wn-Xv. \ne-\n¬°p∂ hnizm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Cu Du∂n-∏-d-b¬ tbml-∂m≥ 15˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬

hy‡-ambn kqNn-∏n-®n- p-≠v. kphn-tij tLmj-W-Øn¬ hn´p-I-f-bp∂ LSIw CXm-Wv. hN\w hniz-kn-

°p-hm\pw (H.-t\m. 5:24) A\p-k-cn-°p-hm-\pw, \ne-\n¬°p-hm\pw D≈-Xm-Wv. 1 tbml. 2:10 se hkn-°pI

F∂ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

160

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ÿntcm-’m-l-Øns‚

Bh-iy-IX{InkvXob Pohn-X-tØmSp _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ thZ-]p-kvXI D]-tZ-i-ßƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ {]bm-

kamWv, ImcWw Ah Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ]uckvXy \mSp-I-fnse tZi- m-jm-]-c-amb Zzμ-Øns‚ h¿§-

ß-fm-bn- m-Wv. Cu Zzμ-ßƒ hncp-≤-am-bn -tXm-∂m-sa-¶n-epw, Ah c≠pw thZm-\p-km-c-am-Wv. Hcp kXysØ

Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw hn]-co-X-amb kXysØ Ah-K-Wn-°p-Ibpw As√-¶n¬ A]-e-]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xn-\mWv ]m›mXy {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS {]h-WX. Rm≥ hni-Zo-Icn°mw.

A. c£, {InkvXp-hn¬ B{i-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp {]mcw- Xocp-am\-amtWm AtXm injy-Xz-Øn-

\p≈ Hcp BPoh-\m¥ ka¿∏-W-amtWm?

B. c-£, ]cm-[n-Im-c-ap≈ Hcp ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]-{]-Im-c-ap≈ Xnc-s™-Sp-∏m-tWm AtXm ssZhnI

Zm\-tØm-Sp≈ a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚ ]›m-Øm-]-]-chpw hnizm-k-]-c-hp-amb {]Xn-I-cWw BtWm?

C. c£, Hcn-°¬ e`n-®-tijw \jvS-s∏-Sm≥ Akm-[y-am-bXmtWm AtXm \jvS-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥

\nc-¥cw Pm{KX Bh-iy-ap-≈-XmtWm?

k`m Ncn-{X-Øn¬ XpS¿am-\-ambn ÿntcm-’mlw F∂ hnjbw hnhm-Z-]-c-am-Wv. ]pXnb \nb-a-

Ønse s]mcp-Ø-s∏-SmØ thZ- m-K-ß-fn-emWv Cu {]iv\w {]Xy-£-Øn¬ Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xv.

A. Dd∏v \¬Ip∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ

1. tbip-hns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ (tbm-l. 6:37; 10:28˛29).

2. ]usem-kns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ (tdm-a. 8:35˛39; Fs^. 1:13; 2:5,8- 9; ^nen. 1:6; 2:13; 2 sX .

3:3; 2 Xnsam. 1:12; 4:18).

3. ]s{Xm-kns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ (1 ]s{Xm. 1:4˛5).

B. ÿntcm-’m-l-Øns‚ Bh-iy-I-X-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ thZ- m-K-ßƒ

1. tbip-hns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ (a-Øm. 10:22; 13:1˛9,24- 30; 24˛13; a¿s°m. 13:13; tbml. 8:31; 15:4-

˛10; shfn. 2:7,17,20; 3:5,12,21).

2. ]usem-kns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ (tdma. 11:22; 1 sImcn. 15:2; 2 sImcn. 13:5; Kem. 1:6; 3:4; 5:4; 6:9;

^nen. 2:1˛12; 3:18- 20; 2:12, 3:18˛20; sImsem. 1:23).

3. F{_mb teJ\Im-cs‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ (2:1; 3:6,14; 4:14; 6:11)

4. tbml-∂ms‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ (1 tbml. 2:6; 2 tbml. 9)

5. ]nXm-hns‚ {]kvXm-h\ (sh-fn. 21:7)

]c-am-[n-Imc ssZhnI {XnXz-Øns‚ Ir], Zb, kvt\lw F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂mWv ss__n-fnse

c£ km[yam-Ip-∂-Xv. ]cnip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ap≥ssI F-Sp-°¬ C√msX Hcp a\p-jy\pw c£n-°-s∏-Sp-

hm≥ km[y-a-√ (H.-t\m. tbml. 6:44,65). ssZhw BZyw hcn-Ibpw Imcy-]-cn-]mSn ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p, ]t£ a\pjy¿ hnizm-k-tØmSpw ]›m-Øm-]-tØmSpw IqsS, {]mcw-`-am-bn´pw \nc-¥-c-am-bn´pw

{]Xn-I-cn-°-W-sa∂v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Hcp DS-ºSn {]Im-c-ap≈ _‘-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv ssZhw

a\p-jy-t\mSv IqsS {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn¬ A\p-{K-l-ßfpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ßfpw D≠v.

F√m a\p-jy¿°pw c£ hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. hoWp-t]mb krjvSn-bpsS ]m]-Øns‚

{]iv\-ß-sf-bmWv tbip-hns‚ acWw ssIImcyw sNøp-∂Xv. ssZhw Hcp hgn \¬Ip-Ibpw Xs‚

kzcq-]-Øn¬ krjvSn-°-s∏- F√m-hcpw Ahs‚ kvt\l-tØmSpw {InkvXp-hn-eq-sS e`n-°p∂ A\p-{K-

l-tØmSpw {]Xn-I-cn-°-W-sa∂v B{K-ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

Im¬h-\n-Ãn°v ImgvN-∏m-Sn-¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-ambn Cu hnjb-sØ-°p-dn®v \nßƒ IqSp-X¬ hmbn-

®-dn-bp-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ ImWpI:

1. sUbv¬ aqUn, Z th¿Uv Hm v {SqØv, F¿Uvam≥kv, 1981 (t]-Pp-Iƒ 348˛365)

2. tlmhm¿Uv am¿j¬, sI]v‰v ss_ Z ]Δ¿ Hm v tKmUv, _Y\n s^tem-jn∏v, 1969

3. tdm_¿ v jm¶v, sse v C≥ Z k¨, shÃvtIm- v, 1961

Cu `mKØv c≠v {][m\ {]iv\-ßsf°p-dn®mWv ss__nƒ kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv: (1) ^e-{]-Z-a-√mØXpw

kzm¿∞-X-bp-≈-Xp-amb PohnXw \bn-°p-hm≥ D≈ Hcp A\p-a-Xn-bmbn Dd-∏ns\ FSpØp]tbm-Kn-°p-

∂p. (2) hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-Øm-epw ip{iq-j-bnepw {]iv\-ßƒ D≈h¿°v CXv {]tNm-Z-\-ambn amdp-

∂p. sX‰mb kwL-ßƒ sX‰mb ktμ-i-ßƒ FSpØv ]cn-an-X-s∏-SpØnb ss__nƒ thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬

\n∂v ssZh-imkv{X k{º-Zm-b-ßƒ D≠m-°p-∂p F∂XmWv {]iv\-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Nne {InkvXym-\n-

Iƒ°v Dd-∏ns‚ ktμiw ASn-b-¥n-cm-h-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ a‰p Nne¿°v Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv hn´p-

ho-gvN-bn-√mØ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-I-fmWv! \nßƒ GXv Iq -ØnemWv?

161

� ""Fs‚ hN-\-Øn¬ \ne-\n¬°p∂p F¶n¬ \nßƒ hmkvX-h-ambn Fs‚ injy-∑m-cmbn'' tbip-

{InkvXp i‡-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xv A\p-k-c-W-bp≈ Pohn-X-ssiensb∏-‰n-bmWv (A-hs‚ Iev]-\-I-

tfm-Sp-≈Xv, H.t\m. hm. 51,52,55; 14:15,21,23,24; 15:10,20; 17:6; eqs°m. 6:46; 2 tbml. 9). ""A\p-k-cn-°p-∂Xn-

\mbn tIƒ°pI'' F∂ A¿∞w D≈ tja F∂ F{_mb ]Z-sØ-bmWv Cu hmIyw Hcp Xe-Øn¬

{]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂Xv (D-Zm. Bh. 6:4˛6).

8:32 ""kXyw Adn-Ibpw'' ""hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘w'' F∂ A¿∞-Øn-ep≈ ""Adn-bpI'' F∂ ]gb \nba

A¿∞-Øn-emWv Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, ""{Kln®v Adn-bpI'' F∂ A¿∞-Øn-e√ (H.-t\m. Dev].

4:1; bnsc. 1:5). kXyw Hcp hy‡n-bm-Ip∂p! an° ]mT-im-e-I-fnepw FgpXn sh®n-cn-°p∂ Cu hN\w, kzcq-

]n-s®-SpØ am\p-jnI Adn-hns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. B Adnhv a\p-jys\ kzX-{¥-\m-°p-I-b-√, adn®v `n∂n-

∏n-°p-Ibpw _‘n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. tbip-{InkvXp F∂ hy‡n-sbbpw kphn-ti-j-sØbpw Ipdn-

®mWv ""kXyw'' F∂-Xp-sIm≠v ChnsS A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-\n¬ \n∂v thdn v kXy-tam, kam-[m-\-tam,

{]Xym-itbm C√.

8:32,40,44,45,46 ""kXyw'' Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Ønse {][m\ Bibw BWn-Xv. Cu {]tbm-K-Øn\v c≠v

e£ym¿∞-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.

1. hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-am-b-Xv.

2. Ak-Xy-Øn\v hn]-co-X-amb kXyw.

Cu c≠p e£ym¿∞-ßfpw tbip-hns‚ ip{iq-j-bn-epw -Po-hn-X-Ønepw kXy-am-Ip-∂p. kphn-ti-j-Øns‚

e£yhpw D≈-S-°hpw Ah-\m-Wv. kXyw {]mY-an-I-ambn Hcp hy‡nbmIp-∂p. tbip hy‡n-bmb ]nXm-

hns\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Cu hmIyw Nne-t∏mƒ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬\n∂pw am‰n-sb-SpØv hnZym- ym-k- kw-_-

‘amb Xe-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°mdp-≠v. hkvXp-X-Iƒ, kXy-amb hkvXp-Iƒ, \nc-h[n kXy-amb hkvXp-X-

Iƒ t]mepw, Hcmsf kzX-{¥-\m-°p-∂n-√ (H.-t\m. k`m. 1:18). 6:55 epw 17:3 epw D≈ kXyw F∂ {]tXyI

]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

8:32 ""\nßsf kzX-{¥-∑m-cm-°p-Ibpw sNøpw'' {]hrØn tI{μo-IrX am\p-jnI aX-{]-Xn-]-Øn, aXm-Nm-c-

ßƒ, \nb-a-hmZw F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂pw hnizm-kn-Iƒ kzX-{¥-cm-Ip-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw kzX-{¥-cm-°-s∏´

hnizm-kn-Iƒ kphn-ti-j-Øn-\mbn kzbw _‘n-°-s∏- -h-cmWv (tdm-a. 14:1˛15:6; 1 sImcn. 8˛10).

8:33 ""Rßƒ A{_-lm-ans‚ k¥Xn; B¿°pw Hcp-\mfpw Zmk-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂n- n√'' h¿§ob hmZw F{X-

am{Xw A‘-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂Xv B›-cyI-am-Wv. CuPn]vXv, kndn-b, _m_n-tem¨, t]¿jy, {Kokv, tdmw

F∂n-h-bv°p Iogn-ep≈ ASn-a-ØsØ-°p-dn®v F¥m-Wv ]-d-bm-\p-≈-Xv.

tbml-∂m≥ 8:34- 38

34AXn∂p tbip: Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p: ]m]w sNøp∂h≥ F√mw

]m]Øns‚ Zmk≥ BIp∂p. 35Zmk≥ Ft∂°pw hoń¬ hkn°p∂n√; ]p{Xt\m Ft∂°pw

hkn°p∂p. 36]p{X≥ \nßƒ°p kzmX{¥yw hcpØnbm¬, \nßƒ km£m¬ kzX{¥¿ BIpw.37\nßƒ A{_mlmans‚ k¥Xn F∂p Rm≥ Adnbp∂p; F¶nepw Fs‚ hN\Øn∂p \nßfn¬

CSw C√mbvIsIm≠p \nßƒ Fs∂ sIm√phm≥ t\m°p∂p. 38]nXmhns‚ ASp°¬ I≠n´p≈Xp

Rm≥ kwkmcn°p∂p; \nßfpsS ]nXmhnt\mSp tIń´p≈Xp \nßƒ sNøp∂p F∂p DØcw

]d™p.

8:34 ""]m]w sNøp-∂-h≥ F√mw ]m]-Øns‚ Zmk≥ BIp∂p'' ""\nßsf kzX-{¥-∑m-cm-°p-Ibpw sNøpw''

F∂ sXm´p apºn-ep≈ 32˛mw hmIy-Ønse Ahs‚ {]tbm-K-Ønse Bflo-b -bm-Ym¿∞y-Øn-te°v Ahsc

\bn-°m≥ tbip {ian-®p. B {]tbmKw Ah¿ sX‰n-≤-cn®p F∂m-Wv hm. 33 shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. hm. 21,24

se tbip-hns‚ ZrV-amb Ip‰m-tcm-]-W-hp-ambn Cu {]kvXm-h-\- _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. 44˛47 hsc-bp≈

hmIyß-fn¬ bmYm¿∞y-tØmsS A√msX A\p-K-an-°p-∂-hsc tbip Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv Ah-km-\n-°p-

∂p. \yq sSÃ-sa‚ v Xntbm-f-Pnbn¬ {^m¶v ÃmKv {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p, ""a\p-jys‚ ]cn-{i-a-ß-fpsS hntcm-[m-

`m-k-sa-∂Xv kzX-{¥-\m-Ip-hm-\p≈ Ahs‚ {ia-ß-fpsS êw _‘\w BsW-∂-Xm-Wv.''

ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ XpS¿ h¿Ø-am\ Ime-{Inbbmb ""sNøp-∂'' F∂-Xn-\¿∞w XpS¿∂p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ ]m]w F∂m-Wv. Hcmƒ kXyw (tb-ip) ""Adn-bp-∂n√'' F∂-Xns‚ sXfn-hmWv ]m]w

sNøp∂Xv XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xv. 1 tbml. 3:6,9 ¬ CtX kXyw h¿Ø-am-\-Ime {Inb- Bb

""]m]w sNøp∂p'' F∂ D]-tbm-K-Øn-eqsS {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂p≠v! ""hnizm-kn-Iƒ Ct∏mgpw ]m]w sNøp-∂pthm?''

F∂mWv tNmZyw. DØcw D≠v F∂-Xm-bn-cn-°Ww (H.-t\m. tdma. 7; 1 tbml∂m≥). {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ ]m]-

tØmSp t]mcm- -Øn-emWv, ]t£ AXn¬ apßn-°n-S-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂n-√!

162

ChnsS ]d-bp∂ ]m]w ""Ahn-izmkw'' (£-an-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]w) BsW-∂ \s√mcp A`n-{]mbw NETBible (t]Pv 1921, #21) ]d-bp-∂p. CXp [m¿Ωn-I-amb kμ¿ -a-√, adn®v ""c£-bv°mbn hniz-kn-°pI F∂

kμ¿ -am-Wv.'' 1 tbml-∂m-\nse ""]m]''hpw Ahn-izmkw BWv (a-c-W-Øn-\m-bn- p≈ ]m]w).

8:35 Cu hmIyw, hm. 34 t\mS√ adn®v hm. 36 t\mSmWv t\cn´p _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv. d∫n kwkvIm-c-

Ønse tamsi A√, tbip-hmWv bYm¿∞ ]p{X≥ (H.-t\m. F{_m. 1:2; 3:6; 5:8; 7:28). BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-

fpsS A¥-an-√mØ \n¿h-l-Ww-sIm-≠-√, tbip-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv Hcp-h≥ kzmX{¥yw {]m]n-

°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 32).

� ""Ft∂°pw'' 6:58 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

8:36 ""F¶n-¬'' {Inbm-flI {]hr-Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ {]Y-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv.

8:37 ""\nßƒ Fs∂ sIm√p-hm≥ t\m°p∂p'' (H.-t\m. 5:18; 7:1,19; 8:37,40; 11:53).

� ""F¶nepw Fs‚ hN-\-Øn\p \nß-fn¬ CSw C√m-bvI-sIm≠p'' hyXykvX A¿∞-Øn¬ Cu {]tbm-

KsØ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. ss__nƒ C≥ Sz‚n-knIvkv {Sm≥kvte-j≥kv \s√mcp ]T-\-k-lm-bn-

bm-Wv.

1. ""Fs‚ hN\w \nß-fn¬ kzX-{¥-ambn Hgp-Im-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v'' ˛ Ata-cn-°≥ Ãm≥tU¿Uv th¿j≥

2. ""\nß-fn¬ Nph-Spd∏n°m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v'' ˛ sl‚n B¬t^m¿Uns‚ ]pXn-b- \nbaw

3. ""\nßfpsS CS-bn¬ apt∂m- p-t]m-Im≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xn-\m¬'' ˛ ]pXn-b-\n-baw: sPbnwkv tam -‰ns‚

]pXnb ]cn- mj

4. ""\nß-fn¬ ÿm\-an-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬'' ˛ Z Fw -sskkvUv \yq sSÃ-sa‚ v: sP. _n. tdmY¿lm-ans‚

]pXnb ]cn- mj

5. ""\nß-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ Fs‚ hm°p-Iƒ°p ÿe-an-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬'' ˛ C. hn. dnbp-hns‚ \mepw

kphn-ti-j-ßƒ.

ho≠pw Chn-SpsØ {]iv\w, kphn-tijw kzoI-cn-°p-∂pthm C√tbm F∂-Xm-Wv. CXv c£-bpsS

Imcy-am-Ip-∂p, adn®v [m¿anI ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS Imcy-a-√.

8:38 ""I≠n- p-≈Xv'' tbip-hns‚ ]q¿Δm-kvXn-Iy-sØbpw ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sv Ct∏m-gp≈ Iq´mbva (H.-t\m. hm.

40,42) F∂n-h-bp-ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ h¿Ø-am\Ime kºq¿Æ {Inbm-cq-]-am-Wn-Xv.

� ""\nß-fpsS ]nXm-hn-t\mSv tI´n- p-≈Xv \nßƒ sNøp∂p'' ""]nXmhv'' F∂ BZy ]cm-a¿iw sblqZ

]mc-ºcyØns‚ kqN-\-bm-bn-cn°mw (H.-t\m. sbi. 29:13). F¶nepw hm. 41˛44 se hnjbw kmØm-\mWv

tbmPn-°p-∂-Xv. ""tamsisb'' ]n¥p-W-bv°p-∂p-sh∂v hnNm-cn-°p∂ Ah-cpsS {]hr-Øn-Iƒ, t{]c-W-Iƒ,

hm°p-Iƒ hy‡-am-bn- Im-Wn-°p-∂Xv Ah-cpsS Bflob ]›m-Ø-e-sØ-bm-Wv. Bflo-b-X-e-Øn¬ a\p-

jy¿°v Bcw`w Ipdn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. kzm[o-\-Øn\v c≠v D¤-h-ÿm-\-ßƒ D≠v (Zz-μ-a-√) ˛ ssZhw/

{InkvXp/Bflmhv As√-¶n¬ kmØm≥/Ahs‚ Bflmhv! Hcmƒ Fßs\ kphn-ti-j-tØmSv {]Xn-I-cn-

°p∂p F∂Xv Bflob ]›m-Ø-esØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p! (H.-t\m. 1:12; 3:16; 10:1- 18; 14:6).

Cu {]tbm-K-h-ambn _‘-s∏´ Nne ]mT-t -Z-ßƒ D≠v.

1. ""]nXmhv'' F∂ c≠p kqN-\-Ifpw btlm-hsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (\n-ß-fpsS F∂ k¿Δ-\maw C√).

2. {Inb Hcp \n¿tZ-i-am-Wv, kqN-I-a-√

({_qkv Fw. sa‰vkvK¿ Fgp-Xnb F sSIvkvNz¬ Ia‚dn Hm¨ Z {Ko°v \yqsS-Ã-sa‚ v, t]mPv 225 ImWp-

I).

tbml-∂m≥ 8:39- 47

39Ah¿ Aht\mSp: A{_mlmw BIp∂p RßfpsS ]nXmhp F∂p DØcw ]d™Xn∂p

tbip AhtcmSp: \nßƒ A{_mlmans‚ a°ƒ F¶n¬, A{_mlmans‚ {]hrØnIsf

sNøpambncp∂p. 40F∂m¬ ssZhtØmSp tI´n´p≈ kXyw \nßtfmSp kwkmcn®ncn°p∂

a\pjy\mb Fs∂ \nßƒ sIm√phm≥ t\m°p∂p; Aßs\ A{_mlmw sNbvXn√t√m.41\nßfpsS ]nXmhns‚ {]hrØnIsf \nßƒ sNøp∂p F∂v ]d™p. Ah¿ Aht\mSp: Rßƒ

]ckwKØm¬ P\n®hc√; Rßƒ°p Hcp ]nXmthbp≈q; ssZhw Xt∂ F∂p ]d™p. 42tbip

AhtcmSp ]d™Xp: ssZhw \nßfpsS ]nXmhp F¶n¬ \nßƒ Fs∂ kvt\ln°pambncp∂p;

Rm≥ ssZhØns‚ ASp°¬\n∂p h∂ncn°p∂p; Rm≥ kzbambn h∂X√, Ah≥ Fs∂

Ab®XmIp∂p. 43Fs‚ `mjWw \nßƒ {Kln°mØXp F¥p? Fs‚ hN\w tIƒ∏m≥

\nßƒ°p a\ n√mbvIsIm≠t{X. 44\nßƒ ]nimsN∂ ]nXmhns‚ a°ƒ; \nßfpsS

]nXmhns‚ tamlßsf sNbvhm\pw C—n°p∂p; Ah≥ BZnapX¬ sIme]mXI≥ Bbncp∂p;

Ah\n¬ kXyw C√mbvIsIm≠p kXyØn¬ \nev°p∂Xpan√. Ah≥ t`mjv°p ]dbptºmƒ

163

kz¥Øn¬\n∂p FSpØp]dbp∂p; Ah≥ t`mjv°p ]dbp∂h\pw AXns‚ A∏\pw BIp∂p.45Rmt\m kXyw ]dbp∂XpsIm≠p \nßƒ Fs∂ hnizkn°p∂n√. 46\nßfn¬ B¿ Fs∂

]m]sØ°pdn®p t_m[w hcpØp∂p? Rm≥ kXyw ]dbp∂p F¶n¬ \nßƒ Fs∂

hnizkn°mØXp F¥p? 47ssZhk¥Xnbmbh≥ ssZhhN\w tIƒ°p∂p; \nßƒ

ssZhk¥Xnb√mbvIsIm≠p tIƒ°p∂n√.

8:39 ""A{_lmw BIp∂p Rß-fpsS ]nXmhv'' A{_-lmlns‚ `uXnI Xe-ap-d-I-fmWv Ah¿ F∂v

tbip ÿnco-I-cn-®p, F∂m¬ Ah¿°v ]nim-Nns‚ IpSpw-_-kz- m-h-amWv D≈-sX∂v kqN\ \¬In (H.t\m.

hm. 38,44). sblq-Z-∑msc ssZh-Øns‚ apºn¬ \ndp-Øn-bXv h¿§-]-c-amb hy‡nXzw A√, hy‡n-]-c-amb

hnizm-km-[n-jvTnX _‘-am-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. Bh. 6:5,13; tdma. 2:28˛29; 9:6).

� ""F¶n¬'' CXn cq]-Øn¬ Hcp DØ-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-sW-¶nepw, a[y-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-

[nI hmN-I-am-bn- p {]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw (H.-t\m. hm. 19, 42). hyXykvX {Ko°v Isø-gpØp {]Xn-Iƒ,

H∂m-asØ {Inbsb A]q¿Æ {Inb-bm°n am‰n-s°m≠v Cu hyXykvX tkm]m-[nI cq]ßsf GIo-I-cn-

°p-hm≥ {iaw \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. AXn-\m¬ Ah Cß-s\-bmWp hmbn-°p-∂Xv, ""\nßƒ A{_m-lm-ans‚

a°ƒ Bbn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, \nßƒ Aß-s\-b-√, \nßƒ A{_m-lm-ans‚ {]hr-Øn-Isf sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p,

F∂m¬ \nßƒ sNøp-∂n-√.'' kΩn{i tkm]m-[nI cq]ßƒ°v UBS4 "B'' td‰nw-KmWv (G-Xm≠v Dd-∏m-b-

Xv) \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

8:40 ""a\p-jy-\mb Fs∂'' btlm-h-bpsS Hcp {]Xn-\n[nbmbpw btlm-h-tbm-sSm∏w Xpey ssZhnI kØ

D≈-h-\mbpw am{X-a-√, Hcp- b-Ym¿∞ a\p-jy-\mbpw tbip Xs∂Øs∂ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂p. Bflm-hpw-

`uXnI hkvXp-°-fp-w XΩn¬ \nXy-ambn \ne-\n-ev°p-∂p-sh∂v ⁄m\-hm-Zn-Iƒ Ah-Im-i-s∏Sp∂ ZzμzsØ

Cu Dd-∏mb {]kvXm-h\ Jfin-°p-∂p (H.-t\m. 1 tbml. 1:1˛4; 4:1˛4).

{]tXyI ]T-\hnjbw: ⁄m\-hmZw (Gnosticism)

A. c≠mw \q‰m-≠nse ⁄m\-hm-Z-km-ln-Xy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-amWv Cu Zpcp-]-tZ-isØ-°p-dn-®p≈

\ΩpsS Adn-hns‚ `qcn- m-Khpw e`n°p∂-Xv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, CXns‚ Bi-b-ßƒ BZy \q‰m-

≠nepw (Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-Iƒ) As∏m-kvXe-\mb tbml-∂ms‚ cN-\-bnepw ImWp-∂p-≠v.-

B. Fs^skmkv (1 Xnsam-sY-sbmkv), t{IØ (Xo-sØm-kv), sImsemky (sIm-sem-ky¿) F∂o

ÿe-ß-fnse {]iv\w, \nb-am-[n-jvTnX sblq-Z-a-X-hpw Bcw- -Im-e-⁄m-\-hm-Zhpw tN¿∂v XpS-

ßn-sh®-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

C. c≠mw \q‰m-≠nse hmse‚o\n-b≥ ⁄m\-hm-Z-Øn-sebpw skdn-¥n-b≥ ⁄m\-hm-Z-Øn-sebpw

Nne kn≤m-¥-ßƒ.

1. Bflmhpw ]Zm¿∞hpw \nXy-X-bn¬ Hcp-an-®m-bn-cp∂p (Hcp Poh-X-Xz-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Zzμz-

hm-Zw). ]Zm¿∞w Xn∑bpw, Bflmhv \∑bpw \nd-™-Xm-Wv. Bflmhv Bb ssZh-Øn\v

Xn∑-bmb ]Zm¿∞sØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ th≠n t\cn v CS-s]-Sm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√.

2. ]Zm¿∞-Øn\pw ssZh-Øn\pw CS-bn¬ a[y-h¿Øn-Iƒ D≠v (Ftbm-Wp-Iƒ As√-¶n¬

ssZh-Zq-X-∑m-cpsS Xe-ßƒ). G‰hpw HSp-hn¬ As√-¶n¬ Xmsg hcp-∂Xv {]]-©sØ

(tIm-kvtam-kv) krjvSn® ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse btlmh Bbn-cp-∂p.

3. btlm-h-sb-t∏mse, tbip Hcp XmW ssZhw Bbn-cp-∂p, F∂m¬ Ah≥ Af-hn¬ Db¿∂

Xpw bYm¿∞ ssZh-tØmSv sXm -Sp-Ø-h\pw Bbn-cp-∂p. Nne¿ Ahs\ Db¿∂-h-\mbn

IW-°m-°p∂psh¶nepw ssZh-sØ-°mƒ XmW-h-\pw, PUm-h-Xmcw FSp-°mØ tZh\pw

BIp∂p (H.-t\m. tbml. 1:14). ]Zm¿∞w Xn∑-bp-≈Xv BIp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v, a\p-jy-i-cocw

FSp-°bpw At∏mƒXs∂ ssZh-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hm≥ tbip-hn\p Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-

√. Ah≥ a\p-jy-\mbn {]Xy-£-s∏- p-sh-¶nepw Hcp Bflmhv am{X-am-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 1

tbml. 1:1˛3; 4:1˛6).

4. c£bv°v tbip-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-tØm-sSm∏w {]tXyI hy‡n-Iƒ°v am{X-a-dn-bm-am-bn-

cp∂ ⁄m\hpw thW-ambn-cp-∂p. kz¿§ob afi-e-ß-fn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂Xn\v ⁄m\w

(c-l-ky-tIm-Up-Iƒ) Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p. ssZh-Øn-te°v FØn-t®-cp-hm≥ sblqZ \nbahm-

Zhpw Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p.

D. c≠v hn]-coXamb [m¿anI k{º-Zm-b-ßƒ ⁄m\-hmZØnse hymP D]-tZ-jvSm-°ƒ D]-tZ-in-

®p.

164

1. Nnesc kw_-‘n®v c£bv°v Pohn-X-ssi-en-bp-ambn bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p.

Ah¿°v ZqX-a-fi-e-ß-fn-eq-sS (eons) IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn\v c£bpw Bflo-b-Xbpw ⁄m\-

ambn (clkytImUp-I-fmbn) \¬I-s∏- n-cp-∂p.

2. a‰p-≈-h¿°v Pohn-X-ssien c£bpsS \n¿Æm-bI LSIw Bbn-cp-∂p. bYm¿∞ c£-

bpsS sXfn-hmbn k\ymkPohn-X-ssien A\n-hm-cy-am-sW∂v Zpcp-]-tZ-jvSm-°ƒ Du∂n-∏-

d™p (H.-t\m. 2:16˛23).

E. IqSp-X¬ ]T-\-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb Hcp \√ {KŸamWv sPbnwkv Fw. tdm_n≥kWpw dn®m¿Uv

kvanØpw tN¿s∂-gp-Xnb Zn \mKv lΩZn sse{_dn.

8:41

NASB, NKJV ""Rßƒ ]c-kw-KØm¬ P\n-®-h-c√''

NRSV ""Rßƒ Ahn-lnX k¥-Xn-I√''

TEV ""Rßƒ bYm¿∞ k¥-Xn-Iƒ BIp∂p''

NJB ""Rßƒ Ahn-ln-X-ambn P\n-®-h-c√''

hm. 48˛se (""\o Hcp ia-cym-°m-c≥ BIp-∂p'') Ip‰m-tcm-]-W-hp-ambn CXv _‘-s∏- n-cn-°mw. tbip

sblq-Zs‚ ip≤-c-‡-Øn¬ ]nd-°msX Ahn-ln-X-ambn ]nd-∂-h-\mWv F∂v sblq-Z-∑m¿ Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-

IbmWv F∂p tXm∂p-∂p. ]nev°me d∫n- t{kmX- p-Iƒ tbip-hns‚ ]nXmhv Hcp tdma≥ ]´m-f-°m-c-\m-

sW∂v ]d-bp-∂p.

� ""Rßƒ°v Hcp ]nXm-th-bp≈q; ssZhw Xt∂'' ]nXr-kw_-‘-amb {]tbm-K-ß-fm¬ hy‡-am-°n-bn-

´p≈ ]gb \nb-a-Ønse I¿i-\-amb GI ssZh-hn-izm-k-sØ-bmWv Cu {]kvXm-h\ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂Xv

(H.-t\m. Bh. 32:6; sbi. 1:2; 63:16; 64:8). Chn-SpsØ sshjayw CXm-bn-cp∂p: Cu sblqZ aX-t\-Xm-°ƒ

ssZh-Øns‚ GI-Xzhpw (H.-t\m. Bh. 6:4˛5) tamsi-bpsS \ymb-{]-amWw A\p-k-cn-°p-tºmƒ ssZh-hp-am-

bp≈ icn-bmb _‘w D≠m-Ip∂p F∂pw (H.-t\m. Bh. 6:1˛3,17,24˛25) Dd-∏n®p ]d-™ncp-∂p. tbip Xm≥

ssZh-tØm-Sp ka-\m-sW∂v Ah-Im-i-hmZw D∂-bn®p! ssZh-tØmSp≈ icn-bmb _‘w \ymb-{]-amWw

\n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-e-√, Ah-\n-ep≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb hnizmkw aptJ\-bm-sW∂v tbip

Ah-Im-i-s∏-´p. Ah-cpsS Bi-°p-g-∏hpw sshap-Jyhpw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-XmWv, ]t£ Chn-sS-

bmWv Bflm-hns‚ Dƒ°m-gvNbpw tbip-hns‚ A¤p-X-{]-hr-Øn-Ifpw hnizm-ksØ Dfhm-°p-∂Xv!

8:42 ""F¶n¬'' ""hmkvX-h-hn-cp≤w'' F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp a[y-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv.

""ssZhw \nß-fpsS ]nXm-h-√, Ah≥ ]nXm-hm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, \nßƒ Fs∂ kvt\ln-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p, F∂m¬

\nßƒ Fs∂ kvt\ln-°p-∂n√'' (H.-t\m. hm. 47).

8:43 ""Fs‚ hN\w tIƒ∏m≥ \nßƒ°p a\- n-√m-bvI-sIm-≠-t{X'' Bflo-b-amb Adn-hn-s\bpw kzoIm-

cy-sXbpw BWv ChnsS kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿°v Bflob sNhn-Iƒ C√m-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. sbi. 6:9˛10;

a-Øm. 11:15; 13:9,15˛16,43; a¿s°m. 4:9,23; 7:16; 8:18; eqs°m. 8:8; 14:35; {]hr. 7:51; 28:26- 27).

8:44 ""\nßƒ ]nim-sN∂ ]nXm-hns‚ a°ƒ'' tbip-hns‚ ImesØ aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m-tcm-Sp≈ sR´n-∏n-

°p∂ Hcp {]kvXm-h\ BWnXv (H.-t\m. hm. 47). ""..s‚ a°ƒ'' F∂ F{_mb `mjmssien-bn-emWv

IpSpw-_-]-¶m-fnØ kz`mhw F∂ Bibw {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. aØm. 13:38; {]hr. 13:10; 1 tbml.

3:8,10). 12:31 se {]tXyI ]T-\hnjbw: ""]nimNv'' ImWp-I.

� ""Ah≥ BZn-ap-X¬ sIme-]m-X-I≥ Bbn-cp∂p'' ]nim-Nns‚ \nXy-Xsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ (A-Xm. skmcm-

jv{Sn-b≥ aX-Ønse Zzμzw) A¿∞-Øne√ C-Xv, adn®v ]mºns‚ D≈n¬ A[n-h-kn® t`mjvIns‚ Bflm-

hns‚ kPoh {]h¿Ø-\-Øm¬ BZm-an\pw lΔmbv°pw D≠mb Bflob ]co-£ F∂ Bi-b-amWv CXv

{]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. Dev]. 3). kXy-hm\pw kXyhpamb ssZhhpw ]nimNpw XΩn-ep≈ a\-∏q¿Δ-

amb sshcp≤yw {i≤n-°p-I.

8:46 ""\nß-fn¬ B¿ Fs∂ ]m]-sØ-°p-dn®v t_m[w hcp-Øp∂p'' Cu kμ¿`Øn¬ I≈ km£y-

sØ-bmWv CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ]nimNv I≈w ]d-bp-∂p, F∂m¬ tbip kXyw kwkm-cn-°p-∂p. Xs‚

{]kvXm-h-\-I-sf As√-¶n¬ D]-tZ-i-ß-sf Jfin®v Ah≥ hymPam-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p-hm\mWv tbip

Cu sblqZ {]am-Wn-Isf £Wn-°p-∂-Xv! Cu kμ¿`Øn¬ Hcp ssZh-imkv{X kn≤m-¥-amb tbip-

hns‚ ]m]-cm-lnXyw F∂-Xp-ambn CXn\p _‘-aps≠∂p tXm∂p-∂n-√.

tbml-∂m-\n¬ ""]m]w'' F∂Xv Hcp {]tXyI {Inb F∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ, hoWp-t]mb temI-Øn¬ ssZh-

Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ adp-X-en-∏v F∂ \ne-bn¬ Hcp- ss]-im-NnI XXz-amWv. ]m]w F√m-amWv tbiph√.

G‰hpw henb ""]m]w'' Ahn-izmkw BWv (H.-t\m. 16:9).

165

tbml-∂m≥ 8:48- 59

48sblqZ∑m¿ Aht\mSp: \o Hcp iacy≥; \n\°p `qXw D≠p F∂p Rßƒ ]dbp∂Xp

icnb√tbm F∂p ]d™p. 49AXn∂p tbip: F\n°p `qXan√; Rm≥ Fs‚ ]nXmhns\ _lpam

\n° At{X sNøp∂Xp; \nßtfm Fs∂ A]am\n°p∂p. 50Rm≥ Fs‚ alXzw At\zjn°p

∂n√; At\zjn°bpw hn[n°bpw sNøp∂h≥ Hcph≥ D≠p. 51Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp

]dbp∂p: Fs‚ hN\w {]amWn°p∂h≥ Hcp\mfpw acWw ImWvIbn√ F∂p DØcw ]d™p.52sblqZ∑m¿ Aht\mSp: \n\°p `qXw D≠p F∂p Ct∏mƒ Rßƒ°p a\ nembn; A{_mlmapw

{]hmNI∑mcpw acn®p; \otbm Fs‚ hN\w {]amWn°p∂h≥ Hcp\mfpw acWw BkzZn°pIbn√

F∂p ]dbp∂p. 53RßfpsS ]nXmhmb A{_mlmans\°mƒ \o henbht\m? Ah≥ acn®p,

{]hmNI∑mcpw acn®p; \ns∂Øt∂ \o B¿ B°p∂p F∂p tNmZn®Xn∂p 54tbip: Rm≥

Fs∂Øt∂ alXzs∏SpØnbm¬ Fs‚ alXzw GXpan√; Fs∂ alXzs∏SpØp∂Xp Fs‚

]nXmhp BIp∂p; Ahs\ \nßfpsS ssZhw F∂p \nßƒ ]dbp∂p. 55F¶nepw \nßƒ Ahs\

Adnbp∂n√; Rmt\m Ahs\ Adnbp∂p; Ahs\ Adnbp∂n√ F∂p Rm≥ ]d™m¬ \nßsf

t∏mse t`mjv°p ]dbp∂h≥ BIpw; F∂m¬ Rm≥ Ahs\ Adnbp∂p; Ahs‚ hN\w {]amWn

°bpw sNøp∂p. 56\nßfpsS ]nXmhmb A{_mlmw Fs‚ Znhkw ImWpw F∂p≈XpsIm≠p

D√kn®p; Ah≥ I≠p kt¥mjn®pancn°p∂p F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 57sblqZ∑m¿ Aht\mSp:

\n\°p AºXp hb p Bbnń√; \o A{_mlmans\ I≠n´pt≠m F∂p tNmZn®p. 58tbip Ah

tcmSp: Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p: A{_mlmw P\n®Xn∂p apsº Rm≥ D≠p

F∂p ]d™p. 59At∏mƒ Ah¿ Ahs\ Fdnhm≥ I√p FSpØp, tbipthm ad™p ssZhmebw

hn´pt]mbn.

8:48 ""\o Hcp ia-cy≥; \n\°p `qXw D≠v'' ChnsS Acm-anIv ]Z-Øn-emWv bYm¿∞ ]›m-Øe A¿∞w

a\- nem°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂-Xv. {Ko°nte°v ""ia-cy≥'' F∂p X¿÷a sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ Acm-ay-]-Z-Øns‚

A¿∞w ""`qX-ß-fpsS Xe-h≥'' F∂m-Wv. tbip Acmay`mjbmWv kwkm-cn-®n-cp-∂Xv. CXv icn-bm-sW-

¶n¬ tbip-hns‚ i‡n h∂Xv Aam-\p-jnI ss]im-NnI Dd-hn-S-Øn¬ \n∂p-am-sW∂ aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m-

cpsS XpS-sc-bp≈ Ip‰m-tcm-]WtØmSv CXp tbmPn-°p∂p. Hcmƒ°v `qX-ap-≠v F∂p- ]-d-bp-tºmƒ Ah≥

]d-bp-∂Xp t`mjvImWv F∂ km[yX IqSn-bmWv D≠m-Ip-∂Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 52). tbip ia-cy≥ BWv-(H.-

t\m. hm. 49) As√-¶n¬ Ah\p `qXw D≠v (H.-t\m. 7:20; 8:48,49,52; 10:20,21, 12:31 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw

ImWp-I) F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ, Ahs‚ hm°p -tIƒ°p-Itbm Ah-s‚ ktμ-itØmSp {]Xn-I-cn-°p-Itbm

sNø-cpXv F∂ A¿∞-amWv AXn-\p-≈-Xv. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ tbip-hn-s\-tbm, Ahs‚ D]-tZ-i-ß-sftbm

ssIs°m-≈m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xn-\p≈ as‰mcp Hgn-I-gnhv Bbn-cp∂p ""A{_lmw Rß-fpsS ]nXmhv'' F∂ {]tbm-

Kw.

8:49 Hcmƒ°v ]nXm-hn¬ hniz-kn-°pIbpw ]p{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-°mXn-cn-°bpw sNøp-hm≥ km[y-a√ (H.-t\m.

1 tbml. 5:9- 12); Hcmƒ°v ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bpIbpw ]p{Xs\ _lp-am-\n-°mXn-cn-°bpw sNøp-hm≥ Ign-bp-

∂-X√ (H.-t\m. 5:43). ]pdsa c≠p hyXykvX hy‡n-I-fm-sW-¶nepw Ah¿ H∂m-Ip∂p (H.-t\m. 10:30; 17:21˛23).

8:50 ""Fs‚ alXzw'' 1:14 se Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

8:51,52 hnizm-k-tØmSv A\p-k-c-WsØ _‘n-∏n-°p-∂Xp ImWpI (hm. 48 se thZ- m-K-ß-fpsS ]ńI

ImWp-I).

� ""Hcp\mfpw acWw ImWvI-bn√'' CsXmcp ZrV-amb Cc´ \ntj-[amWv. imco-cnI ac-WsØ A√

(H.-t\m. 5:24; 6:40,47; 11:25˛26) Bflo-b-a-c-W-sØ-bmWv (H.-t\m. hm. 21,24) CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv F∂p

kv]jvS-amWv. CXv ac-W `b-sØbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p≠v (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn. 15:54˛57).

aq∂p \ne-I-fn-emWv ss__n-fn¬ ""acWw'' (X-\m-t‰m-kv˛qanatoj) F∂ Bibw Bhn-jvI-cn-®n-cn-

°p-∂-Xv.

1. Bflo-b-a-c-Ww, Dev]. 2:17; 3:1˛24; sbi. 59:2; tdma. 7:10- 11; bmt°m. 1:15 (ssZ-h-hp-am-bp≈ _‘w

hnt—-Zn-°-s∏Sp-∂p).

2. imco-cn-I-a-c-Ww, Dev]. 3:4˛5; 5 (ùa{Kl-hp-am-bp≈ _‘w hnt—-Zn-°-s∏Sp-∂p).

3. \nXy-amb ac-Ww, ""c≠m-asØ acWw'' shfn. 2:11; 20:6,14; 21:8 (ssZh-hp-ambn hnt—-Zn-°-s∏´ _‘w

ÿnc-ambn amdp-∂p).

ssZh-Øns‚ t{ijvT-amb krjvSn-sb°p-dn®p≈ ssZth-jvS-Øns‚ hn]-co-X-amb hkvXp-X-bmWv ac-

Ww (H.-t\m. Dev]. 1:26˛27).

8:52 tbip-hns‚ {]kvXm-h-\sb Ah¿ sX‰n-≤-cn®p F∂v Cu hmIyw hy‡am°p∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 51).

166

A{_-lm-an-s‚bpw {]hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sSbpw ùXnI Pohn-X-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmWv Ah¿ CXn-s\ -I-

≠-Xv.

8:53 Cu tNmZyw ""A√'' F∂ Hcp DØcamWv {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv. Fs¥mcp sRń-∏n-°p∂ {]kvXm-h\!

]t£ tbip bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂Xv CXp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

1. Ah≥ A{_-lm-an-s\-°mƒ hen-b-h≥, hm. 53

2. Ah≥ bmt°m-_n-s\-°mƒ hen-b-h≥, 4:12

3. Ah≥ tbm-\m-sb-°mƒ hen-b-h≥, aØm. 12:41; eqs°m. 11:32

4. Ah≥ tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I-s\-°mƒ hen-b-h≥, 5:36; eqs°m. 7:28

5. Ah≥ item-tam-s\-°mƒ hen-b-h≥, aØm. 12:42; eqs°m. 11:31

]gb \nb-asØ°mƒ t{ijvT-amb ]pXnb \nb-asØbpw tamsi-sb-°mƒ t{ijvT-X-bp≈ tbip-hn-s\bpw

BWv F{_mbteJ\w apgp-h\pw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv. (Fs‚ F{_mbteJ\ hymJym\w ImWp-hm≥

kuP\y Hm¨sse≥ kμ¿in-°p-I: www.freebiblecommentary.org).

� ""\o \ns∂-Øs∂ \o B¿ B°p∂p'' CXmWv bYm¿∞ hnjbw! 54,58 F∂o hmIy-ß-fn¬ tbip

hy‡-amb \nK-a\w \¬Ip-Ibpw XXv^-e-ambn ssZhZq-jWw ]d-bp∂p F∂m-tcm-]n®v Ah¿ Ahs\

Is√-dn-bp-hm≥ -{i-an-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 59).

8:54 ""..-Øn-bm¬'' {Inbm-flI {]hr-Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ {]Y-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-Iw.

� ""al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬'' _lp-am\ kqN-I-am-bn-´mWv CXv ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. tdma.

1:21; 1 sImcn. 12:26).

8:55 ""Adn-bp-∂p .. Adn-bp-∂p'' Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ]cym-b-]-Z-ß-fmbn tXm∂p∂ Knt\m-kvtIm, HbnUm

(ginoskw, oida) F∂o- c≠p {Ko°v ]Z-ß-fpsS ]cn-`mjbmWv Cu hm-Iy-Øn-ep-≈Xv (H.-t\m. 7:28˛29).

tbip ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bp-Ibpw Ahs\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂-h¿°v ]nXm-hns\ shfn-s∏-SpØn sImSp-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. temIw (sblq-Z-∑m¿ -t]mepw) ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bp-∂n-√ (H.-t\m. 1:10; 8:51; 10:3; 17:25).

8:56 ""\nß-fpsS ]nXm-hmb A{_lmw'' CsXmcp sRń-∏n-°p∂ {]kvXm-h\ BIp-∂p. ""sblq-Z-∑m¿,''

""\ymb-{]-amWw'' (H.-t\m. 8:17), ""ssZhm-ebw'' F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂pw, ]nXm-hmb A{_m-lm-an¬ \n∂p-t]mepw

tbip kzbw AI-∂p-am-dp-∂p. ]gb DS-º-Sn-bn¬\n∂p-ap≈ hy‡-amb Hcp AI¬®bmWv ChnsS D≠m-Ip-

∂-Xv.!

� ""Fs‚ Znhkw ImWpw F∂p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v D√-kn®p'' A{_lmw F{X-tØmfw ain-lm-sb-°p-dn®v

a\- n-em-°nbncp∂p? hnhn[ ]cn- m-j-Iƒ `mhn-Ime-Øn-em-Wv- C-Xns\ ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. ss__nƒ

C≥ Sz‚n-knIvkv {Sm≥kvte-j≥kv F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ \n∂p-amWv Cu Xnc-s™-SpØ hmIy-ßƒ D≤-cn-°p-

∂-Xv.

1. ""Ah≥ ImWp-sa∂p≈-Xp-sIm≠v D√-kn®p'' ˛ sP.- _n.- tdm-X¿lmans‚ Zn Fw -sskkvUv \yq

sSÃvsa‚ v: F \yq {Smkvte-j≥

2. ""Ah≥ Fs‚ Znhkw ImWpw F∂p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v kt¥m-jn®p- ˛ dnsshkvUv Ãm≥tU¿Uv

th¿j≥

3. ""ImWp-sa∂ ho£-W-Øn¬ AXy¥w kt¥m-j-am-bn-cp∂p'' sKcnXv sh¿°p-bnens‚ Zn _¿s°en

th¿j≥ Hm v \yq sSÃvsa‚ v

4. ""Fs‚ hc-hn-s\ -Im-Wp-∂-Xn\v'' ˛ FUvKm¿ sP. KpUvkv]oUns‚ Zn \yq sSÃvsa‚ v: B≥ Ata-cn-

°≥ {Sm≥kvtej≥

5. ""Fs‚ -Zn-h-ksØ Adn-bp-∂-Xn¬ kt¥m-jn®p'' hneyw F v. s_°ns‚ Zn \yq sSÃvsa‚ v C≥

Z emwtKzPv Hm v SptU

IqSm-sX, ltcmUv sI. tamƒ´¨ FUn‰p sNbvX Zn A\me-‰n-°¬ {Ko°v seIvkn-°¨ dnsshkvUv

F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ sk]v‰p-h-Pn‚ v D]-tbm-K-amb ""Xo£vW-ambn B{K-ln-°pI'' F∂ A¿∞w hcp∂

{Inb-bpsS ]ńI \nc-Øp-∂p≠v (t]Pv 2).

� ""Ah≥ I≠p kt¥m-jn-®p-an-cn-°p-∂p'' c≠p- Im-cy-ß-fn¬ H∂mWv CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

1. A{_-lm-ans‚ Pohn-X-Im-e-Øv, anin-lm-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Z¿i\w X\n-°p-≠mbn (H.-t\m. 2 Fkv{Zmkv

3:14).

2. A{_lmw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-Ibpw (kz¿§-Øn¬) ain-lm-bpsS `qan-bnse {]hr-Øn-I-sf-°p-dn®v

t_m[hm\m-bn-cn-°pIbpw sNøp∂Xv (H.-t\m. F{_m. 11:13).

ainlm bpKw D≠m-bn-°m-Wp-hm≥ sblq-Z- cm-Py-Øns‚ ]nXmhv hfsc kt¥m-j-tØmsS B{K-ln-

®p. ]t£ Ct∏m-gsØ ""k¥Xn'' (X-e-ap-d) AXv hniz-kn-°p-Itbm B\-μn-°p-Itbm sNøp-hm≥ Xp\n-

™n√ F∂-XmWv tbip-hns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS bYm¿∞ kqN-\. A{_lmw Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS A√,

hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]nXm-hm-Ip∂p! (H.-t\m. tdma. 2:28˛29).

167

8:57 tbip-hns‚ tImƒhn-°m¿ Ahs‚ hm°p-Isf A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ FSp-Ø-Xn-\m¬ ho≠pw Ahs\

sX‰n-≤-cn-®p. Cu Nn¥m-°p-g∏w a\-∏q¿Δ-am-bn-cn-°mw! Ah¿ ImWm-™Xv ImWp-hm≥ Ah¿°v B{K-l-

an-√m-Xn-cp-∂-Xp-sImt≠m As√-¶n¬ ImWphm≥ Ign-bm-Xn-cp-∂-Xp-sImt≠m BImw.

8:58 ""A{_lmw P\n-®-Xn\p apsº Rm≥ D≠v'' CXv sblq-Z-∑m¿°v ssZh-Zq-j-W-am-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ah¿

Ahs\ Is√-dn-bp-hm≥ {i-an®p (H.-t\m. ]pd. 3:12,14). ]q¿ΔmkvXn-Iy-ap≈ ssZh-am-Wp Xm-s\∂v tbip ]d-

™Xmbn Ah¿°p a\- n-embn (H.-t\m. 4:26; 6:20; 8:24,28,54˛59; 13:19; 18:5,6,8).

8:59 ""Ah¿ Ahs\ Fdn-hm≥ Is√-SpØp'' tbip-hns‚ hm°p hfsc kv]jvS-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ ain-

lmbpw ]nXm-hn-\p ka-\m-b-h\pw BWv. ""Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn®p'' F∂v 31˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]-d-bp∂ sblq-

Z-∑m¿ Ct∏mƒ ssZh-ZqjWw ]d™p F∂m-tcm-]n®v Ahs\ Is√-dn-bp-hm≥ Hcp-ßp-∂p (H.-t\m. tehy.

24:16). tbip-hns‚ ]pXnb auen-I ktμ-i-ßƒ sblq-Z-∑m¿°v kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ {]bm-k-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

1. ainlm {]h¿Øn-°p-sa∂v Ah¿ {]Xo-£n-® coXn-bn-e√ Ah≥ {]h¿Øn-®Xv

2. Ah-cpsS hnip-≤-amb hmsamgn kwkvIm-csØ Ah≥ sh√p-hn-fn®p

3. Ah-cpsS I¿i-\-amb GI ssZh-hn-izm-ksØ Ah≥ Nn¥m-°p-g-∏-Øn-em-°n

4. Ah-cpsS ""]nXmhv'' btlmh A√ ]nim-Nm-sW∂v Ah≥ Dd-∏n-®p-]-d-™p

Hcph≥ H∂p-In¬ Ahs\ ssIs°m-≈Ww As√-¶n¬ Is√-dn-bWw! CXn-\nS-bn¬ as‰m-∂n√!

� ""tbipthm ad™p ssZhm-ebw hn´p-t]m-bn'' Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-Xn¬ GXmWp kw -hn-®-sX∂v Duln-

s®-Sp-°p-hm≥ am{Xw Ign-bp∂ ({Ko°v thZ- m-K-tØmSv {]tbm-K-ßƒ Iq´n-t®¿°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂Xpw)

hmIy-ß-fn¬ H∂m-WnXv:

1. CsXmcp A-¤p-X-am-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 4:30, thZ- m-K-Øp- Iq- n-t®¿°-ep-Iƒ ChnsS D≠m-

Ip-∂p)

2. ImgvN-bn¬ a‰p≈ sblq-Z-∑m-sc-t∏mse tbiphpw tXm∂n-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ah≥ P\-°q- -Øn¬

ad-™p

Hcp ssZhnI ka-b-hn-h-c-∏- nI D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\-\p-k-cn-®v, Xm≥ acn-°p-hm≥ h∂p F∂pw, AXv Fß-

s\, Ft∏mƒ, Fhn-sSsh®v, kw -hn-°p-sa∂pw tbip Adn-™n-cp-∂p. Ahs‚ ""\mgnI CXp-h-scbpw h∂n-

´n√mbn-cp∂p''!









1. tbml-∂m≥ 7:53˛8:11 hsc-bp≈ thZ-`mKw tbml-∂m≥ Fgp-Xnb kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ bYm¿∞

`mK-amtWm?

2. ""Rm≥ temI-Øns‚ shfn®w BIp∂p'' F∂ tbip-hns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS ]›m-Øew F¥mWv?

3. ]co-i-∑m¿ F¥p-sIm-≠mWv tbip-hn-\p i{Xp-°ƒ Bbn-cp-∂Xv?

4. 30˛mw hmIy-Ønse ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂ -{]-tbm-K-Øns‚ D]-tbmKw AXp XpS¿∂p hcp∂ ]›m-

Ø-e-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ hni-Z-am-°p-∂p.

168



]nd-hn-bnte Ipcp ]nd-hn-bnte Ipcp tbip temI-Øns‚ ]nd-hn-bnte IpcpS ]nd-hn-bnte Ipcp

S\m-b-hs‚ S\m-b-h≥ kuJyw shfn-®-ambn Xs∂ \mb-hs\ tbip S\m-b-hs‚

kuJyw {]m]n°p∂p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p kuJy-am-°p∂p kuJyw

9:1- 12 9:1- 12 9:1- 12 9:1- 2 9:1- 5

9:3˛5

9:6˛7 9:6˛7

9:8 9:8˛12

9:9a

9:9b

9:10

9:11

9:12a

9:12b

]co-i-∑m¿ kuJy ]co-i-∑m¿ kuJyam ]co-i-∑m¿ kuJy

sØ°p-dn®v At\z bhs\ ]pdØm sØ°p-dn®v At\z

°p∂p °p∂p °p∂p

9:13-˛17 9:13-˛34 9:13-˛17 9:13-˛15 9:13-˛17

9:16a

9:16b

9:17a

9:17b

9:18-˛23 9:18-˛23 9:18-˛19 9:18-˛23

9:20˛23

9:24-˛34 9:24-˛34 9:24- 9:24-˛34

9:25

9:26

9:27

9:28˛29

9:30-˛33

9:34

Bflob A‘X bYm¿∞ ImgvN Bflob A‘X

bpw bYm¿∞

A‘-Xbpw

9:35˛39 9:35˛41 9:35˛41 9:35 9:35˛39

9:36

9:37

9:38

9:39

9:40˛41 9:40 9:40˛41

9:41

169














4. BZnbmbh


A. tbip-hns‚ ip{iq-j-bn¬ an°-hmdpw ImWp∂ A¤pXamb Ipcp-Ss‚ kuJyw \nc-h[n hyXy-

kvX-amb kt¶-X-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v AXn-i-b-I-c-ambn \n¿h-ln°p∂p.

B. A‘s\ kuJy-am-°p-∂Xv Hcp ain-sslI AS-bm-f-am-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. sbi. 29:18; 35:5; 42:7;

aØmbn 11:5). Rm≥ temI-Øns‚ shfn-®-am-Ip-∂p F∂ tbip-hns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS sXm´-

SpØ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv Cu kuJyØns‚ {]m[m\yw ImWp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 8:12; 9:5). sblq-Z-

∑m¿ Hcp AS-bmfw Bh-iy-s∏´p; Ah¿°v \nc-h[n AS-bm-f-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cp∂p! btlm-hbv°p

am{Xta IÆp-Isf Xpd-°m≥ Ign-bq.

C. ]co-i-∑m-cpsS Bflob A‘-X-sbbpw a\p-jys‚ imco-cnI A‘-X-sbbpw Ipdn-°p∂ Hcp A`n-

\b D]-a-bmWv Cu A≤ymbw (H.-t\m. hm. 39˛41; aØm. 6:23).

]Z, ssien ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 9:1˛12

1Ah≥ IS∂pt]mIptºmƒ ]nd-hn-bnse IpcpS\mtbmcp a\pjys\ I≠p. 2Ahs‚

injy∑m¿ Aht\mSp: d∫o, Ch≥ IpcpS\mbn ]nd°Ø°hÆw B¿ ]m]w sNbvXp?

Cht\m Chs‚ AΩb∏∑mtcm F∂p tNmZn®p. 3AXn∂p tbip: Ch≥ F¶nepw Chs‚

AΩb∏∑msc¶nepw ]m]w sNbvXn´√. ssZh{]hrØn Ah¶¬ shfnhmtI≠Xn\t{X.4Fs∂ Ab®hs‚ {]hrØn ]I¬ Dt≈StØmfw \mw sNtø≠XmIp∂p; B¿°pw {]h¿

Øn®pIqSmØ cm{Xn hcp∂p; 5Rm≥ temIØn¬ Ccn°ptºmƒ temIØns‚ shfn®w

BIp∂p F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 6Cßs\ ]d™n´p Ah≥ \neØp Xp∏n Xp∏¬sIm≠p

tNdp≠m°n tNdp Ahs‚ IÆnt∑¬ ]qin. 7\o sN∂p intemlmwIpfØn¬ IgpIpI

F∂p Aht\mSp ]d™p; intemlmw F∂Xn∂p Abbv°s∏´h≥ F∂¿∞w. Ah≥

t]mbn IgpIn; IÆp ImWp∂h\mbn aSßnh∂p. 8Abev°mcpw, Ahs\ apsº Cc°p∂

h\mbn I≠hcpw: Ch\√tbm AhnsS Ccp∂p `n£ bmNn®h≥ F∂p ]d™p. 9Ah≥

Xt∂ F∂p Nnecpw A√, Ahs\t∏msebp≈h≥ F∂p a‰p Nnecpw ]d™p; Rm≥

Xt∂ F∂p Ah≥ ]d™p. 10Ah¿ Aht\mSp: \ns‚ IÆp Xpd∂Xp Fßs\ F∂p

tNmZn®Xn∂p Ah≥: 11tbip F∂p t]cp≈ a\pjy≥ tNdp≠m°n Fs‚ IÆnt∑¬

]qin: intemlmwIpfØn¬ sN∂p IgpIpI F∂p Ft∂mSp ]d™p; Rm≥ t]mbn IgpIn

ImgvN {]m]n®p F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 12Ah≥ FhnsS F∂p Ah¿ Aht\mSp tNmZn®Xn∂p:

Rm≥ Adnbp∂n√ F∂p Ah≥ ]d™p.

170

9:1 ""]nd-hn-bnse Ipcp-S-\m-sbmcp'' Cu coXn-bn-ep≈ kuJy-Øns‚ Hcp DZm-l-cWw am{Xw BWn-Xv.

Hcp Ir{Xnaw ImWn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ km[yX D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

9:2 ""Ahs‚ injy-∑m¿'' 6˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn-\p-tijw Ahs‚ injy-∑m-sc-°p-dn®p≈ BZy kqN\bm-Wn-

Xv. CXv (1) 7:3 ¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønb sblq-Zy-bnse injy-∑mtcm As√-¶n¬ (2) ]¥n-cp-htcm BImw.

� ""Ch≥ Ipcp-S-\mbn ]nd-°-Ø-°-hÆw B¿ ]m]w sNbvXp? Cht\m Chs‚ AΩ-b-∏-∑mtcm''

\nc-h[n ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb kwhm-Z-Øn\v Cu tNmZyw Imc-W-am-bn-Øo¿∂n- p-≠v. ]uckvXy-a-X-ß-fpsS

]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ A√, {]mNo\ sblqZaX-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ thWw CXns\ hymJym-\n-°phm≥.

\nc-h[n km[y-X-Iƒ CXn-\p-≠v.

1. Dev]Øn 25:22 apX¬ d∫n-am¿ {]am-W-am-°nb ]nXr-]m-]-ß-sf-°p-dn®mbncn°mw CXp kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂Xv

2. K¿ -ÿ-in-ip-°sf _m[n-°p∂ ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS As√-¶n¬ ]q¿Δn-I-cpsS ]m]-ßsfbmImw CXv

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. ]pd. 20:5; Bh. 5:9)

3. d∫n ssZh-im-kv{X-Ønse km[m-c-W- hnizm-k-amb ]m]-hpw tcmK-hpw XΩnep≈ _‘-sØ-bmImw

CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. bmt°m. 5:15˛16; tbml. 5:14)

]uckvXy aX-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ ]p\¿P∑ N{Iw As√-¶n¬ I¿Ω N{I-tØmSv CXn\p bmsXmcp _‘-hp-

an√. CsXmcp sblqZ ]›m-Ø-e-am-Wv. Cu hnj-bsØ°pdn-®p≈ \s√mcp kwhmZØn\v sPbnwkv U_yp.

ssk¿ Fgp-Xnb kvIn]v®¿ ‰znÃnwKv (t]Pv 127˛144) ImWp-I.

9:3 hm. 2˛se injy-∑m-cpsS tNmZy-Øn-\p≈ tbip-hn-s‚- D-Ø-c-amWv Cu hmIyw. \nc-h[n kXy-ßƒ

ChnsS {]Xn-[z-\n-°p∂p: (1) ]m]hpw tcmKhpw kzm`m-hn-I-ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂n-√. (2) ssZh-Øns‚

A\p-{K-l-Øn-\p≈ Ah-k-c-ß-fmbn Nne-t∏mƒ {]iv\-ßƒ ]cn-W-an-°m-dp-≠v.

9:4 ""Fs∂ ... \mw'' Cu k¿Δ\ma-ßƒ ]c-kv]cw kv]jvS-ambn tbmPn-°p-∂n√. hymI-cW tN¿® D≠m-

°p-hm≥ \nc-h[n {Ko°v Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬, Ht∂m AXn-e-[n-Itam am‰-ßƒ hcp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. tbip

temI-Øns‚ shfn®w Bbn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse, \ΩpsS Ime-L- -Øn¬ \mw B shfn®w {]Xn^en∏n-t°-≠-

Xm-Ip∂p F∂ ssZh-imkv{X \ne-]m-SmWv Ah {]-Xn- -en-°p-∂-sX∂v tXm∂p∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 5:14).

� ""cm{Xn hcp∂p'' hy‡-amb Be-¶m-cnI {]tbm-K-amWv CsX∂v 5˛mw hmIy-hp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-

tºmƒ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

1. hcm≥ t]mIp∂ \ymb-hn[n

2. Ah-k-c-Øn-\p≈ kabw Xo¿∂p

3. tbip-hns\ X≈n-∏-d-bp-∂Xpw {Iqio-I-c-Whpw

9:5 ""Rm≥ temI-Øn¬ Ccn-°p-tºmƒ'' t_Xvteslw apX¬ Im¬hdn/Hen-hp-ae hsc-bp≈ ka-bw,

AXm-bXv PU[mcW Ime-L- -sØ-°p-dn®mWv CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂p tXm∂p∂p. Hcp \n›nX kabw

am{X-am-bn-cp∂p tbip ChnsS D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Ahs‚ D]-tZ-i-ß-tfmSv Ahs‚ t{imXm-°ƒ Ct∏mƒ

{]Xn-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ssZh-imkv{X]c-ambn hm. 4 \p kam-¥-c-am-Wn-Xv.

CXp-t]msebp≈ Hcp kμ¿`Øn¬ ""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' F∂ {]tbmKØn\v F{X-tØmfw A¿∞-aps≠∂v-

Hcph≥ B›-cy-s∏-t´°mw!

� ""Rm≥ temI-Øns‚ shfn-®-am-Ip∂p'' Bflob kXy-ß-fpsS Be-¶m-cnI `mj-bm-bn- mWv tbml-

∂m≥ an°-t∏mgpw ""shfn®w'' ""Ccp´v'' F∂o ]Z-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse ain-sslI

kqN-\-I-fm-bn-cn°mw tbip ""temI-Øns‚ shfn®w'' (H.-t\m. 1:4˛5,8˛9; 3:17- 21; 8:12; 9:5; 12:46) F∂ A¿∞-

Øn¬ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. sbi. 42:6; 49:6; 51:4; 60:1,3). 8:12 s‚ Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

9:6 ""Xp∏¬sIm≠v tNmdp-≠m°n'' sblq-Z-∑mcpsS \m´p-Nn-In-’-bpsS `mK-am-bn-cp∂p Xp∏¬. F∂m¬

i∫-Øn¬ CXv D]tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ A\p-hmZw C√m-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 14). tbip Xp∏¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-

Xns‚ aq∂p DZm-l-cW-ßƒ kphn-ti-j-ßƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 7:33; 8:23; Chn-sSbpw).

CØcw kzoIm-cyhpw {]Xo-£n-°p∂-Xp-amb NnIn’m amXrI D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS a\p-jys‚ hnizm-

k-Øn\v imco-cn-I-ambn ss[cyw ]I-cp-Ibpw F∂m¬ ]co-i-∑m-cpsS ]mc-º-cy-ß-sfbpw \nb-a-ß-sfbpw

a\-∏q¿Δ-ambn sh√p-hn-fn-°p-I-bp-amWv tbip sNbvX-Xv!

9:7 ""intemlmw Ipf-Øn¬'' ""Ab-bv°-s∏- -h≥'' F∂mWv iotemlmw F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞w. IqSm-c-

s]-cp-∂m-fns‚ BNm-c-Øn-\mbn Cu Ipfw D]-tbm-Kn-®p.

� (""intemlmw F∂-Xn∂p Ab°-s∏- -h≥ F∂¿∞w'') sbcp-itew \K-c-Øns‚ aXn-en\p shfn-bn-

ep≈ iotlm-\n¬ \n∂pw Xpc-¶-Øn-eqsS FØn-t®-cp∂XmWv intemlmw Ipf-Ønse sh≈w F∂ hkvXp-

Xbpambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv ""Ab-°-s∏- -h≥'' F∂ ]Zw. ""Ab-°-s∏- -h≥'' F∂ ]ZsØ ain-

171

sslI kqN-\-I-fp-am-bn d∫n-am¿ _‘n-∏n-®p. CXv cN-bn-Xm-hns‚ as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n] A`n-{]mbw BIp-

∂p.

� ""IgpIn'' CXv Ahs‚ hnizm-k-Øns‚ {]hr-Øn-bm-bncp∂p. tbiphns‚ hm°p-tI´v Ah≥ {]h¿-

Øn®p! F∂n-cp-∂mepw CXv ""c£-bv°p≈ hnizmkw'' A√m-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 11,17,36,38). CXv hf¿∂psIm-

≠n-cn-°p∂ hnizmkw Bbn-cp-∂p. F√m kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-ambn tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-

tijw hnizm-k-Øns‚ ""Xe-ßsf'' shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. hniz-kn® Hcp Iq´-sØ-°p-dn®v 8˛mw A≤ymbw

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p, F∂m¬ Ah¿ c£-bn-te°v FØn-bn-cp-∂n√ (H.-t\m. aØm. 4; a¿s°m. 13; hnXIm-cs‚

D]-a).

{]tXyI ]T-\hnjbw: c£-bv°v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

{Ko°v {Inbm-Im-e-ßƒ

c£ Hcp DXv]-∂a-√, Hcp _‘-am-Wv. Hcmƒ {InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ AXp ]q¿Æ-am-Ip-

∂n-√. adn®v Bcw- n-°p∂tXbp-≈q! CXv A·nkpc£m t]mfn-kn-tbm, kz¿§Ønte-°p≈ {]th-i\m\p-

a-Xntbm A√, adn®v {InkvXphns‚ kmZr-iy-Øn-te°p hf-cp∂ Hcp PohnXw BIp-∂p. Hcp Ata-cn-

°≥ ]g-s©m√v ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Zº-Xn-Iƒ Hcp-an®v F{X-Imew Pohn-°p-tam A{X-tØmfw Ah¿

Hcp-t]mse Bbn-Øo-cm≥ Bcw- n°pw. c£-bpsS e£yw CXmWv!

c£ ]q¿Øo-I-cn® Hcp {]hrØn F∂ \ne-bn¬ (`q-X-Im-ew)

˛ {]hr. 15:11

˛ tdma. 8:24

˛ 2 Xnsam. 1:9

˛ XosØm. 3:5

˛ tdma. 13:11 (`q-X-Im-e-tØm-sSm-∏w `mhn-Ime kqN-\-bpw)

c£ Hcp Ahÿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ (]q¿Øn-bm-b-Xv)

˛ Fs^. 2:5,8

c£ Hcp XpS¿ {]{Inb F∂ \ne-bn¬

˛ 1 sImcn. 1:18; 15:2

˛ 2 sImcn. 2:15

˛ 1 ]s{Xm. 3:21

c£ Hcp `mhn-Ime ]q¿Øo-I-cWw F∂- \n-e-bn¬ (`mhn-Imew {Inbm-Im-e-Øn¬ As√-¶n¬ kμ¿ -

Øn¬)

˛ tdma. 5:9,10; 10:9,13

˛ 1 sImcn. 3:15; 5:5

˛ ^nen. 1:28

˛ 1 sX . 5:8˛9

˛ F{_m. 1:14; 9:28

˛ 1 ]s{Xm. 1:5,9

AXp-sIm≠v, Hcp {]Y-anI hnizm-k -Xo-cp-am-\-tØm-Sp-Iq-sS-bmWv c£ Bcw- n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. tbml.

1:12; 3:16; tdma. 10:9˛13), F∂m¬ Hcp hnizm-k -Po-hn-X-ssi-en-bpsS Hcp {]{In-b-bn¬ CXv {]mh¿Øn-I-

am-°Ww (H.-t\m. tdma. 8:29; Kem. 3:19; Fs^. 1:4; 2:10). AXv Hcp Znhkw Zriy-am-b ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-

Øn¬ FØn-t®cpw (H.-t\m. 1 tbml. 3:2). Cu Ah-km\ Ah-ÿsb al-Xzo-I-cWw F∂p hnfn°p-

∂p. CXns\ C{]-Imcw Nn{Xo-I-cn-°mw

1. {]mY-anI al-Xzo-I-cWw ˛ \oXo-I-cWw (]m-]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂pw c£n-°-s∏Sp∂p)

2. ]ptcm-Kan-°p∂ c£ ˛ hnip-≤o-I-cWw (]m-]-Øns‚ i‡n-bn¬ \n∂pw c£n-°-s∏Sp∂p)

3. A¥na c£ ˛ al-Xzo-I-cWw (]m-]-Øns‚ km∂n-[y-Øn¬ \n∂pw c£n-°-s∏Sp∂p)

9:8 ""Ab¬°mcpw'' Cu A¤p-X-Øn\v km£yw hln-°p∂ aq∂p Iq´sc Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ImWp-

∂p≠v: (1) Ahs‚ Ab¬°m¿ (hm. 8); (2) kuJyw e`n® a\p-jy≥ (hm. 11); (3) Ahs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ

(hm. 18). ]co-i-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, kuJy-sØ-°p-dn®v Ab¬°m-cpsS CS-bnepw hn`n-

∂m- n-{]m-b-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

� ""Ch-\-√tbm AhnsS Ccp∂p `n£ bmNn-®-h≥'' ""AtX'' F∂ DØc-amWv Cu {Ko°v tNmZyw

{]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv.

9:9 ""Rm≥ Xt∂'' 4:26; 6:20; 8:24,28,58; 13:19; 18:5,6,8 F∂o hmIy-ß-fn¬ tbip D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ AtX

172

{Ko°v `mjm-{]-tbm-K-amWv Chn-sSbpw ImWp-∂-Xv. Cu {]tbmK-Øn\v kzbambn ssZhnI e£ym¿∞w

Cs√∂v Cu ]›m-Øew ImWn-°p-∂p. Cu A≤ym-b-Ønse hm. 36˛epw (bP-am-\≥) hm. 38˛epw (I¿Øm-

hv) D]-tbm-Kn® Iqdn-tbmkv F∂ {]tbm-K-Ønepw kam-\-amb Zzbm¿∞w ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

9:11˛12 Cu a\p-jys‚ kuJy-Øn¬ Bflob c£ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂n-s√∂p Cu kw`m-jWw hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

tbiphpambp≈ Cu a\p-jys‚ ]n∂o-Sp≈ IqSn-°m-gvN-I-fn-eq-sS-bmWv Ahs‚ hnizmkw hf¿∂p-h-cp-∂-

Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 35).

tbml-∂m≥ 9:13˛17

13IpcpS\mbncp∂hs\ Ah¿ ]coi∑mcpsS ASp°¬ sIm≠pt]mbn. 14tbip

tNdp≠m°n Ahs‚ IÆp Xpd∂Xp i∫Øv\mfn¬ Bbncp∂p. 15Ah≥ ImgvN {]m]n®Xp

Fßs\ F∂p ]coi∑mcpw Aht\mSp tNmZn®p. Ah≥ AhtcmSp: Ah≥ Fs‚ IÆnt∑¬

tNdp tX®p Rm≥ IgpIn; ImgvN {]m]n®ncn°p∂p F∂p ]d™p. 16]coi∑mcn¬ Nne¿:

Cu a\pjy≥ i∫Øv {]amWn°mbvIsIm≠p ssZhØns‚ ASp°¬\n∂p h∂h\√

F∂p ]d™p. a‰p Nne¿: ]m]nbmsbmcp a\pjy\p Cßs\bp≈ ASbmfßƒ sNbvhm≥

Fßs\ Ignbpw F∂p ]d™p; Aßs\ AhcpsS CSbn¬ Hcp `n∂X D≠mbn. 17Ah¿

]ns∂bpw IpcpSt\mSp: \ns‚ IÆp Xpd∂XpsIm≠p \o Ahs\°pdn®p F¥p ]dbp∂p

F∂p tNmZn®Xn∂p: Ah≥ Hcp {]hmNI≥ F∂p Ah≥ ]d™p.

9:13 ""Ah¿'' CXv Ab¬°msc kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

� ""]co-i-∑m¿'' tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ sblqZ aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m¿ c≠p {]tbm-K-ß-fn-eqsSbmWv

Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ahsc km[m-c-W-bmbn kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ""sblq-Z-∑m¿'' F∂mWv (H.-t\m. hm. 18,22).

F∂m¬ ]co-i-∑m¿ F∂mWv Cu A≤ym-b-Ønse 13,15,16,40 hmIy-ß-fn¬ Ahsc hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. 1:24 se

{]tXyI ]T-\hnjbw ImWp-I.

9:14 ""tbip tNdp-≠m°n Ahs‚ IÆp- Xpd-∂Xp i∫Øv\mfn¬ Bbn-cp∂p'' Cu a\p-jys‚ Bh-iy-

sØ-°mƒ sblq-Z- a-X-t\-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS ]c-º-cm-KX \nb-a-ßƒ°mWv (X¬aq-Zn¬ D≈ hmsam-gn-]m-c-ºcyw)

Ah¿ ap≥K-W-\ \¬In-bXv (H.-t\m. 5:9; 9:16; aØm. 23:24). Cu aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m-cp-ambn ssZh-im-kv{X-kw-

_-‘n-bmb X¿°-Øn\p hgn-sbm-cp-°pI F∂ Dt±-iy-tØmSpIqSn tbip i∫Øv\mfn¬ a\-∏q¿Δ-ambn

{]h¿Øn-®-Xm-sW∂p Nn¥n-°m≥ \ymb-ap≠v. 5:9 s‚ Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

9:16 Bh. 13:1˛5 s‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cn-°Ww ]co-i-∑m¿ tbip-hns\ \ymbw hn[n-°p-∂-Xv.

� ""Aßs\ Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ Hcp `n∂X D≠mbn'' tbip Ft∏mgpw `n∂-X-bv°p≈ Imc-W-am-Ip∂p

(H.-t\m. 6:52; 7:43; 10:19; aØm. 10:34˛39).

9:17 ""Ah≥ Hcp {]hmN-I≥'' Cu a\p-jy-s‚ hnizm-k-Øns‚ hf¿®sb Cu A≤ymbw ImWn-°p-∂p

(H.-t\m. hm. 36,38). ""{]hm-N-I≥'' F∂Xn\v 4:19 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hnjbw ImWp-I.

tbml-∂m≥ 9:18˛23

18ImgvN{]m]n®hs‚ AΩb∏∑msc hnfn®p tNmZn°pthmfw Ah≥ IpcpS\mbncp∂p

F∂pw ImgvN {]m]n®p F∂pw sblqZ∑m¿ hnizkn®n√. 19IpcpS\mbn P\n®p F∂p \nßƒ

]dbp∂ \nßfpsS aI≥ Ch≥ Xt∂tbm? F∂m¬ Ah∂p Ct∏mƒ IÆp ImWp∂Xp

Fßs\ F∂p Ah¿ AhtcmSp tNmZn®p. 20Ahs‚ AΩb∏∑m¿: Ch≥ RßfpsS aI≥

F∂pw IpcpS\mbn P\n®h≥ F∂pw Rßƒ Adnbp∂p. 21F∂m¬ IÆp ImWp∂Xp

Fßs\ F∂p Adnbp∂n√; Ahs‚ IÆp Bcp Xpd∂p F∂pw Adnbp∂n√; Aht\mSp

tNmZn∏n≥; Ah∂p {]mbw D≠t√m; Ah≥ Xt∂ ]dbpw F∂p DØcw ]d™p.22sblqZ∑msc `bs∏SpIsIm≠t{X Ahs‚ AΩb∏∑m¿ Cßs\ ]d™Xp; Ahs\

{InkvXp F∂p G‰p]dbp∂h≥ ]≈n{`„\mtIWw F∂p sblqZ∑m¿ XΩn¬

]ds™mØncp∂p. 23AXpsIm≠t{X Ahs‚ AΩb∏∑m¿: Ah∂p {]mbw D≠t√m;

Aht\mSp tNmZn∏n≥ F∂p ]d™Xp.

173

9:22˛23 ""Ahs\ {InkvXp F∂p G‰p-]-d-bp-∂-h≥'' {Inbm-flI {]hr-Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ {]Y-a-]p-cpj

tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv. Cu sblq-Z-t\-Xm-°-∑msc amXm]nXm°ƒ `b-s∏-´p. Cu kuJysØ Dd-

∏n®p ]d™ \nc-h[n km£n-Iƒ D≠v: (1) Ab¬°m¿ (hm. 8˛10); (2) kuJy-amb a\p-jy≥ (hm-. 11˛17,

24˛33); (3) Ahs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ (hm. 18˛23).

{]tXyI ]T-\hnjbw: G‰p-]-d-®n¬A. G‰p-]-d-®n¬ As√-¶n¬ kzoImcyw F∂o ]Z-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°p∂Xv Htc {Ko°v aqe]Z-ß-

fpsS c≠v cq]-ßfmWv: tlmtam-sesKtbm, F-Ivtkm-tam-tem-sK (o.molegew, exomologe).

tlmtam, AXpXs∂ setKm kwkm-cn-°pI; FIvkv, AXn¬\n∂v F∂n-h-bpsS kwbp-‡-]-Z-

amWv bmt°m_v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. ASn-ÿm\ A¿∞w, AXp-Xs∂ kwkm-cn-°p-I, AXn-

t\mSp tbmPn-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp ]cky{]Jym-]\ Bi-b-tØm-SmWv FIvkv Iq´n-t®¿Øn-

cn-°p-∂-Xv.

B. Cu ]Z-k-©-b-Øns‚ ]cn- m-j-Iƒ

1. kvXpXn-°pI

2. GIm-`n-{]m-b-Øn-se-ØpI

3. {]Jym-]n-°pI

4. ]c-ky-ambn {]kvXm-hn-°pI

5. G‰p-]-d-bpI

C. Cu ]Z-Øn\ hn]-coXsa∂p tXm∂p∂ c≠v D]-tbm-K-ßfp≠v

1. kvXpXn-°pI (ssZ-h-sØ)

2. ]m]w G‰p-]-d-bpI

ssZh-Øns‚ hnip-≤nsb°p-dn®pw Xs‚ ]m]sØ°p-dn-®p-ap≈ a\pjys‚ t_m[y-Øn¬

\n∂pw Bbn-cn°mw Ch hnI-kn-®-Xv. Hcp kXysØ AwKo-I-cn-°pI F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w

c≠n-s\bpw AwKo-I-cn-°pI F∂m-Wv.

D. ]Z-k-©-b-Øns‚ ]pXnb\nba D]-tbm-K-ßƒ

1. hmKvZØw sNøpI (H.-t\m. aØm. 14:7; {]hr. 7:17)

2. Hcp Imcy-tØmSv tbmPn-°pI As√-¶n¬ AXp kΩ-Xn-°pI (H.-t\m. tbml. 1:20; eqs°m.

22:6; {]hr. 24:14; F{_m. 11:13).

3. hmgvØpI (H.-t\m. aØm. 11:25; eqs°m. 10:21; tdma. 14:11; 15:9).

4. kΩ-Xn-°pI

a. Hcp hy‡ntbmSv (H.-t\m. aØm. 10:32; eqs°m. 12:8; tbml. 9:22; 12:42; tdma. 10:9;

^nen. 2:11; 1 tbml. 2:23; shfn. 3:5).

b. Hcp kXytØmSv (H.-t\m. {]hr. 23:8; 2 sImcn. 11:13; 1 tbml. 4:2).

5. Hcp s]mXp {]Jym-]\w \S-ØpI (aX]c-amb ÿnco-I-c-W-ambn hnI-kn® \n-b-a]c-amb

A¿∞Øn¬, H.-t\m. {]hr. 24:14; 1 Xnsam. 6:13).

a. ]m]-Øns‚ G‰p-]-d-®n¬ C√msX (H.-t\m. 1 Xnsam. 6:12; F{_m. 10:23).

b. ]m]-Øns‚ G‰p ]d-®n-tem-Sp-IqsS (H.-t\m. aØm. 3:6; {]hr. 19:18; F{_m. 4:14; bmt°m.

5:16; 1 tbml. 1:9).

9:22 ""G‰p-]-d-bp-∂-h≥ ]≈n-{`-jvS-\m-tIWw'' amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ ]≈n-{`-jvS-cm-Ip-sa∂v Xo¿®-bmbpw `b-

s∏- n-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 12:42; 16:2). CXn‚ \S-]-Sn-{I-a-ßƒ F{km-bn-emWv Bcw- n°p∂Xv (H.-t\m. 10:8). aq∂p-X-

c-Øn-ep≈ ]pd-Øm-°¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v d∫n kmln-Xy-Øn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em-°mw: (1) Hcm-gvN-tØ°v;

(1) Hcp amk-tØ°v; (3) BPo-h-\m¥w.

H∂mw \q-‰m-≠ns‚ Ah-km\ h¿j-ß-fn¬ Fgp-Xn-b tbml-∂m≥, tbip-hns\ {InkvXp F∂v G‰p

]d-bp∂-hsc kn\-tKm-Kn¬ \n∂pw ]pd-Øm-°p∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n icn-bmbn a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp∂p. Pmav\n-bm-bn¬

\n∂pw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ sblq-Z-a-X-Ønse ]co-i-∑m-¿ F.-Un. 70 \ptijw, Ncn-{Xkw`h-amb ""im]-Øns‚

{]am-W-ßƒ'' cq]s∏SpØn.

� ""G‰p-]-d-bp-∂-h≥ ]≈n{ -jvS-\m-tIWw'' CXv Iq´m-bva-bn¬ \n∂pw ]ncn-®p-hn-Sp∂ I¿i-\-sam-sbmcp

\S-]Sn Bbn-cp∂p (H.t\m 12:42; 16:2).

174

tbml-∂m≥ 9:24- 34

24IpcpS\mbncp∂ a\pjys\ Ah¿ c≠maXpw hnfn®p: ssZhØn∂p alXzw sImSp°; B

a\pjy≥ ]m]n F∂p Rßƒ Adnbp∂p F∂p ]d™p. 25AXn∂p Ah≥: Ah≥ ]m]ntbm

A√tbm F∂p Rm≥ Adnbp∂n√; H∂p Adnbp∂p; Rm≥ IpcpS\mbncp∂p, Ct∏mƒ IÆp

ImWp∂p F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 26Ah¿ Aht\mSp: Ah≥ \n\°p F¥p sNbvXp? \ns‚ IÆp

Fßs\ Xpd∂p F∂p tNmZn®p. 27AXn∂p Ah≥: Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]d™pht√m; \nßƒ

{i≤n®n√; ho≠pw tIƒ∏m≥ C—n°p∂Xp F¥p? \nßƒ°pw Ahs‚ injy∑m¿ BIphm≥

a\ pt≠m F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 28At∏mƒ Ah¿ Ahs\ iImcn®p; \o Ahs‚ injy≥;

Rßƒ tamsibpsS injy∑m¿. 29tamsitbmSp ssZhw kwkmcn®p F∂p Rßƒ Adnbp∂p;

Cht\m FhnsS\n∂p F∂p Adnbp∂n√ F∂p ]d™p. 30B a\pjy≥ AhtcmSp: Fs‚ IÆp

Xpd∂n´pw Ah≥ FhnsS \n∂p F∂p \nßƒ AdnbmØXp B›cyw! 31]m]nIfpsS {]m¿∞\

ssZhw tIƒ°p∂n√ F∂pw ssZh`‡\mbncp∂p Ahs‚ C„w sNøp∂hs‚ {]m¿∞\

tIƒ°p∂p F∂pw \mw Adnbp∂p. 32IpcpS\mbn ]nd∂hs‚ IÆp Bsc¶nepw Xpd∂{]Imcw

temIw D≠mbXpapX¬ tIńń√. 33ssZhØns‚ ASp°¬\n∂p h∂h≥ As√¶n¬ Ah∂p

H∂pw sNbvhm≥ IgnIbn√ F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 34Ah¿ Aht\mSp: \o apgph\pw ]m]Øn¬

]nd∂h≥: \o Rßsf D]tZin°p∂pthm F∂p ]d™p Ahs\ ]pdØm°n°f™p.

9:24 ""ssZh-Øn∂p alXzw sImSp°'' kXysØ Dd-∏m-°p-∂Xn\p≈ BW-bnSens‚ {]amWamWv ChnsS

ImWp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. tbmip. 7:19).

9:25 Cu DØ-c-Øn¬ hm. 16˛s‚ kqN\ ImWmw. ssZh-im-kv{X -X-¿°ßƒ°p th≠n Cu a\p-jy≥

B{K-ln-®n-√, ]t£ tbip-hn-s\ -I-≠-Xp-sIm-≠p≈ KpW-ßƒ Ah≥ Dd-∏n-®p-]-d-bp-∂p.

9:27 ""\nßƒ°pw Ahs‚ injy-∑m¿ BIp-hm≥ a\- pt≠m'' {Ko°v hymI-cW LS\ ""C√'' F∂

DØcw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu hntcm-[m- mk {]kvXm-h\ A‘-\mb bmN-Is‚ \¿Ω-sØ-bmWp

ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.

9:28a ""\o Ahs‚ injy≥'' Cu a\p-jy≥ GXp L -Øn-emWv Hcp hnizm-kn-bm-bn-Øo¿∂sX∂ tNmZyw

kzm`m-hn-I-ambn D≠m-Ip-∂p. tbip- Ahs\ kuJy-am-°nbXv tbip ain-lm-bm-sW∂v Ahs‚ hnizm-kvX-

Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂n-√; ]n∂oSv am{X-amWv tbip-hns‚ ain-sslI Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßƒ Abmƒ

a\- n-em-°n-bXv (H.-t\m. hm. 36˛38). imco-cnI kuJyw c£bnte°p \bn-°-W-sa-∂n√ F∂ hkvXp-X-

bmWv Cu kw`hw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.

9:28b˛29 aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m¿ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn® _p≤n-ap- mWv ChnsS ImWp-∂-Xv. tamsi°p e`n® ssZh-izm-

ko-b-amb shfn-∏m-Sns\ hmsamgn kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ (X¬aq-Zv) {]tXy-Ihpw ka-{K-hp-amb hymJym-\-ß-

tfmSp Xpeyam-°p-hm≥ Ah¿ {i-an-®p. Ah-cpsS ssZh-imkv{X ap≥hn-[n-I-fm¬ Ah-cpsS IÆp-Iƒ

A‘ambn (H.-t\m. aØm. 16:23). Ah¿ am\p-jnI ]mc-ºcy-ß-fpsS injy-∑m¿ Bbn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. sbi.

29:13).

9:29 ""Cht\m FhnsS \n∂p F∂p Adn-bp-∂n√'' tbml-∂ms‚ sshcp≤y {]kvXm-h-\bpsS as‰mcp

DZm-l-cWamWnXv (H.-t\m. 7:27˛28; 8:14). tbip ]nXm-hns‚b-Sp°¬ \n∂pw h∂p (H.-t\m. 8:42; 15:3; 16:28).

]t£ injy-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS A‘-X-sIm≠v Adn-bm-Xn-cp-∂Xv:

1. Ahs‚ D¤hw

2. Ahs‚ P∑-ÿew

9:30 ""Fs‚ IÆp Xpd-∂n´pw Ah≥ FhnsS \n∂p F∂p \nßƒ Adn-bm-ØXp B›cyw'' CXv ]co-

i-∑m-cpsS Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßsf Jfin-®p-sIm-≠p≈ A‘ -bm-N-Is‚ as‰mcp aq¿®-bp≈ ên-Xhpw sNdn-

sbmcp hntcm-[m- m-khpw BIp-∂p.

9:31˛33 aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m-tc-°mƒ Bg-ap-≈Xpw sa®-s∏-´-Xp-amb ssZh-imkv{X⁄m\w Cu hnZym-`ym-k-an-

√mØ A‘-\mb a\p-jy\v D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

9:33 ""A-s√-¶n¬'' ""hmkvX-h-hn-cp≤w'' F∂p hnfn-°p-∂ a[y-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv. ]t£

""Cu a\p-jy≥ ssZh-Øns‚ ASp-°¬ \n∂p h∂h\-s√-¶n¬, Ah≥ Aßs\ h∂-h-\m-Wv, Ah\v

H∂pw sNbvhm≥ Ign-I-bn-√, ]t£ Ah\v Ign™p'' F∂ coXn-bn¬ CXv a\- n-em-°-Ww.

9:34 ""\o apgp-h\pw ]m]-Øn¬ ]nd-∂-h≥'' sblqZ d∫n kwkvIm-c-Øn¬ ""aqe ]m]w'' Fs∂mcp ImgvN-

∏mSv Cs√∂Xv Xmev]-cy-P\I-am-Wv (H.-t\m. Ctøm. 14:1,4; k¶o. 51:5). sblqZ d∫naXØn¬ Dev]Øn

3˛se a\p-jys‚ hogvNsb Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂n-√. Hmtcm a\p-jy-\nepw \√Xpw NoØ-bp-amb Hcp Dt±iyw (sb-

175

‰vsk¿) Ds≠∂v sblq-Z-∑m¿ ]Tn-∏n®p. A‘-\mbn P\n-®-Xn-\m¬ Ah≥ Hcp ]m]n-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂pw

AXp-sIm≠v Ahs‚ km£yhpw \ymb-hm-Z-ßfpw km[pX C√m-Ø-XpamsW∂v ]co-i-∑m¿ Dd-∏n-®p-]-d-

™-p.

� ""Ahs\ ]pd-Øm-°n-°-f™p'' CXv A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ ""Ahs\ ]pd¥≈n'' F∂m-Wv. AXv kqNn-

∏n-°p∂Xv: (1) {]mtZ-inI kn\-tKm-Knse AwK-Xzhpw ]¶mfn-Øhpw As√-¶n¬ (2) Cu IqSn-°m-gvN-bn¬

\n∂pw ]pd-Øm-°¬. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ c≠m-asØ Imcy-amWv kw -hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

tbml-∂m≥ 9:35- 41

35Ahs\ ]pdØm°n F∂p tbip tI´p; Ahs\ I≠t∏mƒ: \o ssZh]p{X\n¬

hnizkn°p∂pthm F∂p tNmZn®p. 36AXn∂p Ah≥: bPam\t\, Ah≥ B¿ BIp∂p. Rm≥

Ah\n¬ hnizkn°mw F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 37tbip Aht\mSp: \o Ahs\ I≠n ´p≠p;

\nt∂mSp kwkmcn°p∂h≥ Ah≥ Xt∂ F∂p ]d™p. 38DSs\ Ah≥: I¿Ømth, Rm≥

hnizkn°p∂p F∂p ]d™p Ahs\ \akvIcn®p. 39ImWmØh¿ Im◊m\pw ImWp ∂h¿

IpcpS¿ Bhm\pw Cßs\ \ymbhn[n°mbn Rm≥ CltemIØn¬ h∂p F∂p tbip ]d™p.40Aht\mSpIqsSbp≈ Nne ]coi∑m¿ CXp tI´n´p Rßfpw IpcpStcm F∂p tNmZn®p. 41tbip

AhtcmSp: \nßƒ IpcpS¿ Bbncp∂p F¶n¬ \nßƒ°p ]m]w C√mbncp∂p; F∂m¬: Rßƒ

ImWp∂p F∂p \nßƒ ]dbp∂XpsIm≠p \nßfpsS ]m]w \nev°p∂p F∂p ]d™p.

9:35

NASB, NRSV,TEV, NJB ""\o a\p-jy-]p-{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm''

NKJV ""\o ssZh-]p-{X-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂pthm?''

{]mNo\ {Ko°v hen-b-£c ssIsø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fmb A, L F∂n-h-bn¬ ""ssZh]p-{X≥'' F∂pw P66, P75,a, B, D, W F∂n-h-bn¬ ""a\p-jy-]p-{X≥'' F∂pw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. tbml-∂ms‚ D]-tbm-KØn¬

\n∂pw- Isø-gp-Øp-{]-Xn-I-fnse sXfn-hp-I-fn¬\n∂pw ""a\p-jy-]p-{X≥'' F∂ {]tbmKamWv IqSp-X¬ A\p-

tbm-Py-am-b-Xpw aqe-Ir-Xn-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cn°m≥ km[y-X D≈Xpw. UBS4 ""a\p-jy\v'' "A'' td‰nwKv \¬Ip∂p-

(D-d-∏mbn´p-≈Xv). ""hniz-kn-°p∂p'' F∂ DØ-c-amWv Cu tNmZyw hymI-cW]c-ambn {]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv.

9:36

NASB, NKJV ""I¿Ømth''

NRSV, TEV, NJB ""bP-am-\t\''

Cu A[ym-b-Øn¬ Cu a\p-jy≥ tbip-hns\ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp∂- coXnbn¬ kw`-hn-°p∂ am‰-

Øn¬ \n∂pw Ahs‚ hnizm-k-Øns‚ ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hf¿® \ap°v ImWp-hm≥ km[n-°pw.

1. Hcp a\p-jy≥ (hm. 11)

2. Hcp {]hm-N-I≥ (hm. 7)

3. ""bP-am-\≥'' F∂ _lp-am-\-kq-N-I-amb t]cv (hm. 36)

4. ""I¿Ømhv-'' Cu {]tbm-K-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ-amb ssZh-imkv{X D]-tbm-Kw (hm. 38)

hm. 36˛epw hm. 38˛epw Htc {Ko°v ]Zw Xs∂-bmWv. kμ¿`w am{X-amWv e£ym¿∞sØ Xocp-am-\n-°p-

∂Xv. 6:20 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ssZh-Øns‚ t]cp-Iƒ ImWp-I. btlmh F∂-Xn\p ]I-c-ambn D]-

tbm-Kn-®ncp∂ AtUm¨ F∂ F{_mb ]Z-Øns‚ {Ko°v cq]amWv Iqdn-tbmkv (kurioj).

9:38 kuJyw {]m]n® a\p-jys‚ c£-sb- kw_-‘n-°p∂ Ah-km\ hnh-cWw BWn-Xv. Nne {]mNo\

{Ko°v Isø-gpØp {]Xn-Ifnepw (P25, a, W) Ubm-s‰- -tdmWnepw (\mep kphn-ti-j-ßfpsS BZy kam-

lmcw) F∂n-h-bn¬ Cu hmIyw hn´p-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂Xv hfsc B›-cyIc-am-Ip-∂p. hnc-f-amb c≠p

]Zßƒ CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂p: (1) ""Ah≥ ]d™p'' F∂ {]tbmKw Chn-sSbpw 1:23 epw am{Xta ImWp-

∂p≈p; (2) ""Ahs\ \a-kvI-cn®p'' F∂ {]tbmKw tbml-∂m-\n¬ ChnsS am{Xtabp≈p. G‰hpw B[p-

\nI ]cn- m-j-I-fn¬ CXv Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v.

9:39 ""Cßs\ \ymb-hn-[n-°mbn Rm≥ Cl-tem-I-Øn¬ h∂p'' A¥y-Ime \ymb-hn-[n-sb-°p-dn®v (A-

¥y-Im-e-im-kv{X-]-c-am-bn) ]d-bp∂ 5:22,27 hmIy-ß-fp-ambn tN¿∂phcp∂XmWn-sX∂p tXm∂p-∂p. F∂n-

cp-∂mepw CXv 3:17˛21; 12:47,48 F∂o hmIy-ß-tfmSv tbmPn-°p-∂n-√. tbip hos≠-Sp∏v Dt±-iyØn\mbn

h∂p, F∂m¬ Ahs‚ Zm\sØ \nc-kn-°p∂ a\p-jy¿ Ah-sc-Øs∂ kzb-ambn hn[n-°p∂p F∂ hkvXp-

X-bn-emWv Cu Bi-bsØ Iq´n-t®¿°m≥ km[n-°p-∂-Xv.

� ""ImWm-Ø-h¿ Im◊m\pw ImWp-∂-h¿ Ipcp-S≥ BIp-hm\pw'' CXv sbi-øm-hn¬ \n∂p≈ {]h-N\-

Øns‚ Cc´ \nhrØnbmbn-cp-∂p.

176

1. ssZhnI ktμ-i-ßsf K¿Δ-ap≈ bn{km-tb¬ a\- n-em-°p-∂n√ (H.-t\m. sbi. 6:10; 42:18˛19; 43:8;

bnsc. 5:21; sbsl. 12:2).

2. am\-km-¥chpw Xmgva-bp-ap≈ Zcn-{Z¿, ]pd-Pm-Xn-Iƒ, AwK-lo-\¿ F∂n-h¿ AXp a\- n-em°pw

(H.-t\m. sbi. 29:18; 32:3- 4; 35:5; 42:7,16).

ImWp-hm≥ XmXv]cyw D≈ F√m-h¿°pw tbip temI-Øns‚ shfn®w BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 1:4˛5,8˛9).

9:40 ""Rßfpw Ipcp-Stcm'' ""A√'' Fs∂mcp DØ-c-amWv {Ko°v hmIy-c-N\mimkv{Xw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv

(H.-t\m. aØm. 15:14,23-˛24). kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ Bflob A‘-Xsbbpw kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥

Ign-bp∂ imco-cnI A‘-X-sbbpw A`n-\-bn®p ImWn-°p∂ D]-a-bmWv Cu A≤ym-b-sa∂v Cu Ah-km-

\sØ hmIy-ßƒ sXfn-bn-°p∂p! (A-hn-izmkw F∂ £an-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]wsØ°p-dn®v 5:21 se {]tXyI

]T-\-hnjbw ImWp-I).

9:41 Cu hmIyw Hcp s]mXp-kXysØ {]Z¿in∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 15:22,24; tdma. 3:20; 4:15; 5:13; 7:7,9). a\p-

jy¿°v D≈tXm shfn-s∏- pIn´nbtXm Bb shfn-®-Øn\v Ah¿ IW-°p-t_m-[n-∏n-t°-≠-XmWv!









1. Cu A≤ymbw imco-cnI kuJy-sØ-bmtWm Bflo-b-ku-Jy-sØ-bmtWm {]mY-an-I-ambn ssIIm

cyw sNøp-∂Xv? Bflob A‘X As√-¶n¬ imco-cnI A‘X?

2. Cu a\p-jy≥ P\n-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv Fß-s\-bmWv Ah\p ]m]w sNøm≥ Ign-™Xv?

3. Cu A≤ym-b-Ønse GXp L´Øn-emWv Cu a\p-jy-≥ c£ {]m]n-°p-∂Xv?

4. tbip Cu temI-Øn¬ h∂Xv temIsØ \ymbw hn[n-°m-\mtWm AtXm c£n-°m-\mtWm?

5. ""a\p-jy-]p-{X≥'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ ]›m-Øew hnh-cn-°p-I.

6. sblqZ aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m-tcm-Sp≈ A‘-\mb a\p-jys‚ {]Xn-I-c-W-Øn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ hntcm-[m- m-

k-amb kqN-\-Iƒ Ipdn-°p-I.

177



B´n¬sXm-gpØn kXy CS-b-\mb tbip, kz¥ Poh CS-bs‚ D]a \√ CS-b≥

s‚ D]a tbip s\ sImSp-°p∂

CS-b≥

10:1- 6 10:1- 6 10:1- 6 10:1- 5 10:1- 5

10:6 10:6

\√ CS-b-\mb \√ CS-b-\mb \√ CS-b-\mb

tbip tbip tbip

10:7˛18 10:7˛21 10:7˛10 10:7˛10 10:7˛18

10:11- 18 10:11- 16

10:17˛18

10:19- 21 10:19- 21 10:19-˛20 10:19-˛21

10:21

tbip sblq-Z∑m CS-b≥ Xs‚ tbip XnckvI tbip ssZh-]p{X

cm¬ Xnc-kvI-cn° BSp-Isf Adn cn°-s∏-Sp∂p s\∂v Ah-Imi

s∏Sp∂p bp∂p s∏Sp∂p

10:22-˛30 10:22-˛30 10:22-˛30 10:22-˛24 10:22-˛30

tbip-hns\ Is√dn 10:25-˛30

hm\p≈ ]pXnb

{iaw

10:31-˛39 10:31-˛39 10:31-˛39 10:31-˛32 10:31-˛38

10:33

10:34˛38

10:39 10:39

tbm¿±m-\°scbp≈ tbip tbm¿±ms‚

hnizm-kn-Iƒ adp-I-c-bn-te°p

]n≥hm-ßp∂p

10:40-˛42 10:40-˛42 10:40-˛42 10:40-˛42 10:40-˛42














4. BZnbmbh

178

]Z, ssien ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 10:1˛6

1Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p, Bń≥sXmgpØn¬ hmXneqsS IS°msX,

thsd hgnbmbn Ibdp∂h≥ I≈\pw Ih¿®°mc\pw BIp∂p. 2hmXneqsS IS°p∂ht\m

BSpIfpsS CSb≥ BIp∂p. 3Ah∂p hmXn¬°mhev°mc≥ Xpd∂psImSp°p∂p; BSpIƒ

Ahs‚ i–w tIƒ°p∂p; Xs‚ BSpIsf Ah≥ t]¿ sNm√n hnfn®p ]pdØp sIm≠pt]mIp∂p.4X\n°p≈hsb Hs°bpw ]pdØp sIm≠p t]mb tijw, Ah≥ Ash°p apºmbn \S°p∂p;

BSpIƒ Ahs‚ i–w Adn™p Ahs\ A\pKan°p∂p. 5A\y∑mcpsS i–w AdnbmbvI

sIm≠p, Ah A\ys\ A\pKan°msX hn´p HmSnt∏mIpw. 6Cu kmZriyw tbip AhtcmSp ]d™p;

F∂m¬ XßtfmSp ]d™Xp C∂Xp F∂p Ah¿ {Kln®n√.

10:1 ""Bta≥ Bta≥'' 1:49 se Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

� ""hmXn-eqsS IS-°msX thsd hgn-bmbn Ib-dp-∂-h≥ I≈\pw Ih¿®-°m-c\pw BIp∂p'' \√n-S-

bs‚ hI-b-√mØ Nnecpw Bń≥ sXmgn-Øn¬ D≠v F∂Xp {i≤n-°pI (H.-t\m. tbml. 7:21˛23;

""tImXºns‚bpw Ifbp-sSbpw D]a,'' a-Øm. 13:24˛30). ssZhw kuP-\y-ambn {InkvXphneqsS sImSp-°p∂

Imcy-ßƒ hy‡n-KX ]cn-{i-a-Øn-eqsS t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ Nne¿ {ian-°p-∂-XmWv Chn-SpsØ {]iv\w (H.-

t\m. 3:14˛16). 9˛mw A≤ym-b-Ønse ]co-i-∑m¿ CXn\v \s√mcp DZm-c-W-am-Wv.

10:2 ""hmXn-eqsS IS-°p-∂-ht\m BSp-I-fpsS CSb≥ BIp∂p'' Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬ cq]-Im-e-¶m-c-ß-

fpsS Hcp hy‡-amb Iqń-°-e¿Ø¬ ImWmw. Bń≥sXm-gp-Ønse hmXn-embpw (hm. 1), BSp-I-fpsS CS-

b-\mbpw (hm. 11, 14) ChnsS tbip-hns\ Nn{Xo-I-cn-°-p-∂p. F∂n-cp∂mepw tbml-∂m-\nepw ]pXnb \nb-a-

Ønepw cq]-Im-e-¶m-c-ß-fpsS Iqń-t®¿°-ep-Iƒ Akm-[m-c-W-amb Imcya√.

1. tbip A∏hpw A∏w sImSp-°p-∂-h\pw BIp∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 6:35,51)

2. tbip kXyhpw kXyw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-h\pw BIp∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 8:45- 46; 14:6).

3. tbip hgnbpw hgn- Im-Wn-°p-∂h\pw BIp∂p (14:6).

4. tbip bmK-hpw bmKw Ign°p∂-h\pw BIp-∂p (H.-t\m. F{_mb teJ\w )

ssZh-Øn\pw ain-lmbv°pw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ km[m-cW t]cmWv ""CS-b≥'' (H.t\m

k¶o. 23; k¶o. 80:1; sbi. 40:10˛11; 1 ]s{Xm. 5:1˛4). bnsc. 23; sbsl. 34; sbi. 56:9˛12 F∂o thZ- m-K-ß-

fn¬ sblqZ t\Xm-°-∑msc ""I≈ CS-b-∑m¿'' F∂mWv hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. ""]mÃ¿'' F∂ ]Z-tØmSpw ""CS-

b≥'' F∂ ]Zw _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. Fs^. 4:11; XosØm. 1:5,7).

10:3 ""BSp-Iƒ Ahs‚ i_vZw tIƒ°p∂p'' AwKo-I-c-Whpw A\p-k-c-Whpw _‘Øn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. tbip, {InkvXp-hm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°pI/B{i-bn-°pI F∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv tbml-∂ms‚

kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ ""tIƒ°pI'' (H.-t\m. 4:42; 5:24,25,28˛29; 8:47; 10:16,27; 18:37) F∂ ]Zhpw ""ImWpI'' (H.-

t\m. 3:3; 12:40; 20:8) F∂ ]Zhpw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

� ""Xs‚ BSp-Isf Ah≥ t]¿ sNm√n hnfn®p'' X\n°p≈hsb tbip hy‡n-]-c-ambpw H‰-bvs°m-

‰bv°pw Adn-bp∂p (btlmh sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse, H.-t\m. 10:29˛31). henb Bń≥Iq´w D≈ CS-b-∑m¿t]mepw

Xs‚ Hmtcm BSn\pw t]cp-Iƒ CSm-dp-≠v. sblq-Z-cm-PysØ I]S BSp-I-fpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂p-amWv tbip

Xs‚ kXy- BSp-Isf hnfn-°p-∂-sX∂ hkvXpX ssZh-imkv{X]c-ambn sRń-∏n°p∂Xm-Wv. DS-ºSn P\X

bYm¿∞ ssZh-P\w Bbn-cp-∂n-√. ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-bpsS auen-I-amb Bt£]w CXm-Ip-∂p. Hcm-fpsS hwi-

]m-c-º-cy-a-√, hnizmkamWv Ahs‚ `mhn \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv! hnizmkw hy‡n-]-c-am-Wv, tZio-b-a-√.

tbip-hns\ FXn¿Ø sblqZ t\Xm-°-∑m¿ ssZh-P-\-Øns‚ `mK-am-bn-cp-∂n√ (H.-t\m. hm. 26)!

� ""]pd-Øp- sIm-≠p-t]mb tijw'' CXp c£sb am{X-a-√, Zn\w-tXm-dp-ap≈ \S-Øn-∏n-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-

°p∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 4, 9).

10:4 cm{Xnbn¬ then-s°- n-\p-≈n¬ \nc-h[n hyXykvX Bń≥Iq- -ßsf kwc-£n-°p-∂ ]Xn-hn-s\-bmWv

ChnsS kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. {]`m-X-Øn¬ CS-b≥ Ahs‚ BSp-Isf hnfn-°p-tºmƒ Ah Ahs‚ ASp-tØ°p

sN√p-w.

10:5 k`bv°v F√m°m-eØpw I]S CS-b-∑msc t\cn-tS≠n h-∂n- p≠v (H.-t\m. 1 Xnsam. 4:1˛3; 2 Xnsam.

4:3˛4; 1 tbml. 4:5˛6; 2 ]s{Xm. 2).

10:6 ""Cu kmZriyw tbip Ah-tcmSv ]d™p'' CXv ""D]a'' F∂v km[m-cWbmbn ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

]Zw (]m-cm-t_m-fn˛parabolh) A√, F¶nepw AtX aqe-]-Z-Øn¬ \n∂mWv CXv h∂Xv (]m-tcm-bnanbm≥˛

179

paroimian). Cu ]Zw Chn-sSbpw, 16:25,29; 1 ]s{Xm. 2:22 F∂o hmIy-ß-fn-ep-amWv ImW-p-∂-Xv. CsXmcp

hyXykvX ]Zam-sW-¶n-epw, (k-a-ho£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n´p≈) ""D]a'' F∂ km[mcW

{]tbm-K-tØmSv G‰hpw ASp-Øp \nev°p∂ ]cym-b-]-Z-amWv. Ffp-∏-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ klm-bn-

°p∂ coXn-bn¬ Hcp Bflob kXy-tØmSp tN¿Øp ]d-bp∂ km[m-cW kmwkvIm-cØnse Hcp kw -h-

sØ-bmWv ""D]a'' F∂ {]tbmKw sIm≠v s]mXpsh A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Bflob A‘X hym]n®

IÆp-Iƒ°p apºn¬ kXysØ aqSn-sh-°p-∂-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm\pw Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Ignbpw

(H.-t\m. 16:29; a¿s°m. 4:11˛12).

� ""F∂m¬ ... Ah¿ {Kln-®n√'' 10˛mw A≤ymbw 9˛mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ ka-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-

∂p-sh-¶n¬, ""Ah¿'' F∂Xv ]co-i-∑m-sc-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿ ImWp∂p F∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏´p

(H.-t\m. 9:41) F¶nepw Ah¿ I≠n√ (H.-t\m. 10:20). aXØn\v Hcp ]me-am-bn-cn-°m-\-√, Hcp XS- -am-bn-cn-

°mt\ Ign-bq.

tbml-∂m≥ 10:7˛10

7tbip ]ns∂bpw AhtcmSp ]d™Xp: Bta≥,Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p:

BSpIfpsS hmXn¬ Rm≥ BIp∂p. 8F\n°p apsº h∂h¿ Hs°bpw I≈∑mcpw Ih¿®°mcpw

At{X; BSpItfm AhcpsS hm°p tI´n√. 9Rm≥ hmXn¬ BIp∂p; F∂neqsS IS°p∂h≥

c£s∏Spw; Ah≥ AIØp hcnIbpw ]pdØpt]mIbpw ta®¬ Is≠ØpIbpw sNøpw.10tam„n∏m\pw Adp∏m\pw apSn∏m\pw A√msX I≈≥ hcp∂n√; Ah¿°p Poh≥ D≠mIphm\pw

kar≤nbmbn´p D≠mIphm\pw At{X Rm≥ h∂ncn°p∂Xp.

10:7 ""BSp-I-fpsS hmXn¬ Rm≥ BIp∂p'' tbml-∂m-\nse {]kn-≤-amb Ggv ""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' F∂

{]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ H∂m-Wn-Xv. tbip am{X-amWv GI kXy-hgn F∂ kXy-sØ-bmWv Cu cq]Im-e-¶mcw

Db¿Øn-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 8,10; 4:16). kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ _ln-jvI-cWw F∂ Bt£]w F∂mWv

an°-hmdpw CXns\ hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. ss__nƒ ssZh-Øns‚ kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ BsW-¶n¬, ssZh-

tØmSv A\p-c-RvP\w {]m]n-°p-hm≥ Hcp hgn am{X-tabp≈p ˛ {InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizkw (H.-t\m. {]hr.

4:12; 1 Xnsam. 2:5). 8:12 se Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

10:8 ""F\n°p apsº h∂-h¿ Hs°bpw I≈-∑mcpw Ih¿®-°mcpw At{X'' 9, 10 A≤ym-b-ß-fpsS ]›m-

Ø-ew {]Xn-jvtTm-’hw (l\p°m, H.-t\m. 10:22) Bb-Xn-\m¬ ChnsS kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, thZ-]p-kvXI-Øns‚

CS°me-L-´-Øn¬ a°m-_ycpw Ah-cpsS Xe-ap-d-Ifpw ain-lmbmsW∂v kzbw \Sn-®-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®m-bn-

cn°mbncn-°m-\mWv km[yX. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, I]S CS-b-∑m-sc-°p-dn®v ]d-bp∂ ]g-b-\n-ba thZ-`m-K-

ßtfmSmWv CXp _‘-s∏- ncn°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. sbi. 59:9˛12; bnsc. 23. sbsl. 34; skJ. 11).

CXn¬ Db¿∂ \ne-bn¬ Be-¶m-cnI `mjbpw Zzbm¿∞ {]tbm-K-ßfpw D≈-Xn\m¬ A¿∞w hni-Zo-

I-cn-°p-∂Xn-\mbn BZy-Ime ]I¿Øn-sb-gp-Øp-Im¿ thZ- m-KsØ ]cn-jvI-cn°pItbm hen®p \o´n-sb-gp-

Xp-Itbm sNøp-hm≥ CS-bm-bn´p-≠v. Hcp Isø-gpØp {]Xn (D) ""Hs°bpw'' -F∂ {]tbmKw hn- p-I-f-™p.

\nc-h[n BZy-Ime Isø-gpØp {]Xn-Iƒ (P45, P75, a*) ""F\n°p apsº'' F∂ {]tbm-Khpw hn´p-I-f-™p.-

10:9 ""F∂n-eqsS IS-°p-∂-h≥ c£-s∏Spw'' `mhn-Ime I¿ΩnWn {Inb Dƒs∏´ {]Y-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI

hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv. ssZh-Øn-¶-te-°p≈ GI-hgn tbiphmWv (H.-t\m. 14:6). Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬ ""c£-s∏-SpI''

F∂ {Inb imco-cnI hnSp-X¬ F∂ ]g-b-\n-ba e£ym¿∞-hp-ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°m\mWp km[yX (D-

Zm. BSp-Iƒ kpc-£n-X-cm-Ip-∂p). F∂n-cp-∂mepw ]c-kv]cw AXn-ew-Ln-°p∂ A¿∞-ß-fp≈ ]Z-ß-

fmWv tbml-∂m≥ an°-hmdpw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂Xv. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Ønepw Bfl c£ F∂ Bi-b-Øn\v

Ipdhv kw -hn-®n- n√ (H.-t\m. hm. 42).

10:10 ""I≈≥'' I]S CS-b-∑m-cpsS ZpjvS -e£yßsf CXv ImWn-°p-∂p. ]nim-Nns‚ Dt±-iyhpw CXv {]Xn-

-en-∏n-°p∂p! 12˛13 hmIy-ß-fn¬ Iqen-°m-cmb tPmen-°m-cpsS A{i≤m at\m- m-h-sØ-°p-dn®v ImWm≥

Ign-bpw.

� ""apSn-∏m\pw'' Xmsg-s°m-Sp-Øncn°p∂ {]tXyI ]T-\hnjbw ImWp-I.

{]tXy-I- ]T\hn-jbw: \miw (apollumiapollumiapollumiapollumiapollumi)\nXy-amb \ymb-hn-[nbpw D∑q-e\w sNøepw F∂o ssZh-imkv{X Bi-b-ßtfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

henb Bi-b-°p-g-∏-Øn-\nS-h-cp-Ønb Cu {]tbm-K-Øn\v hnim-e-amb A¿∞amWp-≈-Xv. At∏m F∂-

180

Xn-t\m-Sp-IqsS \in-∏n-°p-I, C√mbva sNøpI F∂¿∞-ap≈ H-√p-an F∂ ]Zw tN¿∂m-Wn-Xp-≠m-b-Xv.

Cu {]tbm-K-Øns‚ Be-¶m-cnI D]-tbm-K-Øn-emWv {]iv\-ap-≈-Xv. eqhv, \nUm F∂n-h-cpsS {Ko°v

Cw•ojv seIvkn-tIm¨ Hm v Zn \yq sSÃ-sa‚ v, t_bvkUv Hm¨ skam‚nIv sUmsa-bn≥kv, hmeyw

2, t]Pv 30 ¬ CXv hy‡-ambn ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. Cu ]ZØns‚ \nc-h[n A¿∞-ßƒ Cu {KŸw \nc-

Øn-h-bv°p-∂p.

1. \in-∏n-°pI (D-Zm. aØm. 10:28; eqs°m. 5:37; tbml. 10:10; 17:12; {]hr. 5:37; tdma. 9:22, hmeyw 1.

t]Pv 232)

2. In´msX t]mIpI (D-Zm. aØm. 10:42, hmeyw 1, t]Pv 566)

3. \jvS-s∏-SpI (D-Zm. eqs°m. 15:8, hmeyw 1, t]Pv 566)

4. Fhn-sS-bm-sW∂v Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°pI (D-Zm. eqs°m. 15:4, hmeyw. 1 t]Pv 330)

5. Pohs\ If-bpI (D-Zm. aØm. 10:39, hmeyw 1 ]pdw, 266)

Xntbm-f-Pn-°¬ Un£-\dn Hm v Zn \yq sSÃ-sa‚ v (hm-eyw 1, t]Pv 394) F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬, sK¿lm¿

Uv Ins‰¬ \mep A¿∞-ß-fpsS ]ńI \nc-Øp-∂-Xn-eqsS hyXykvX {]tbm-K-ßƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øm≥

{ian-°p-∂p-≠v.

1. \in-∏n-°pI As√-¶n¬ sIm√pI (D-Zm. aØm. 2:13; 27:20; a¿s°m. 3:6; 9:22; eqs°m. 6:9; 1

sImcn. 1:19).

2. \jvSs∏SpI As√-¶n¬ \jvS-w kln-°pI (D-Zm. a¿s°m. 9:41; eqs°m. 15:4,8)

3. \in-®p-t]m-IpI (D-Zm. aØm. 26:52; a¿s°m. 4:38; eqs°m. 11:51; 13:3,5,33; 15:17; tbml. 6:12,27; 1

sImcn. 10:9˛10).

4. \jvSamIpI (D-Zm. aØm. 5:29˛30; a¿s°m. 2:22; eqs°m. 15:4,6,24,32; 22:18; {]hr. 27:34)

In‰¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xv, ""s]mXp-hmbn \ap°v ]d-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv, ka-ho-£W kphntij-ß-fn¬ 2 Dw 4

Dw t]mbn‚p-Iƒ Cu temI-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ {]kvXm-h-\-Isf ASn-ÿ-m-\-ambpw AtXka-bw tbml-

∂m-\nepw ]usem-kns‚ teJ-\-ßfnepw 1 Dw 3 Dw t]mbn‚p-Iƒ hcm≥ t]mIp∂ temI-hp-ambn

_‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂mWv'' (t]Pv 394).

Chn-sS-bmWv Bi-b-°p-g∏-ap-≈-Xv. hnim-e-amb A¿∞-hym-]vXn-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Cu {]tbmKw

]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse hyXykvX Fgp-Øp-Im¿ hnhn[ coXn-bn-emWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. tdm_¿ _n.

K¿U-¬tÃm¨ Fgp-Xnb knt\m-Wn-wkv Hm v Zn HmƒUv sSÃvsa‚ v (t]-Pp-Iƒ 275˛277) F∂ {KŸw

Rm≥ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p. At±lw Cu {]tbm-KsØ, {InkvXp-hns\ Adn-bp-Ibpw Ah-\n-eqsS \nXy-Po-

h≥ {]m]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-cn¬\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-ambn [m¿Ωn-I-ambn \in-°p-Ibpw ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂pw \nXy-amb th¿]m-Sn-\mbn ImØn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cmb a\p-jy¿°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p. H∂m-

asØ ""c£n-°-s∏- -h¿'' BIp-∂p, AtXkabw BZysØ Iq´¿ \in-∏n°-s∏- -hcpw BIp-∂p.

Cu ]Zw D∑qe\w F∂ BibsØ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p≠v Fs∂-\n°p hy‡n-]-c-ambn tXm∂p-

∂n√ (H.-t\m. E. Fudge, The Fire That Consumes). aØm-bn 25:46¬ ""\nXy-amb'' F∂ {]tbmKw \nXy-

Z-fi-\-w \nXy-Po-h-≥ F∂o c≠p Imcy-ß-fnepw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. H∂ns\ Ipd-®p ImWp∂Xns‚

A¿∞w c≠n-s\bpw Ipd®p ImWp∂p F∂mWv!

� ""Ah¿°p Poh≥ D≠m-Ip-hm\pw kar-≤n-bm-bn´v D≠m-Ip-hm\pw At{X Rm≥ h∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv''

ùXnI Imcy-ß-fpsS hmKvZm-\-am-bn- mWv Cu `mjm-{]-tbmKw an°-t]cpw D≤-cn-®n-cn-°mdp≈-Xv. Cu ]›m-

Ø-e-Øn¬ CXv tbip-hns\ hy‡n-]-c-ambn Adn-bp-I, Bflob A\p-{K-l-ßsf Adn-bpI F∂ A¿∞-

Øn-emWv A√msX Ah≥ sIm≠p-h-cp-∂- ùXnI A`n-hr-≤n-sb-°p-dn®v A√ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv (CXv 4:14;

7:38 F∂n-hb°p kam-¥-c-amWv). Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hcp-]mSp Imcy-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-e-√, adn®v

bYm¿∞ PohnXw Adn-bp-∂-Xpw B Pohn-X-Øn\v DS-a-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv {]m[m-\y-ap-≈-Xv.

ssZh-cm-Py-sØ-°p-dn®v tbip Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂Xv ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ßƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ,

\nXy-Po-h-s\-°p-dn®p≈ Du∂emWv tbml-∂m≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv. Hcmƒ°v AXv Ct∏mƒ {]m]n-°p-

hm≥ Ignbpw! ssZh-cmPyw DZvLm-S\w sNø-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p!

tbml-∂m≥ 10:11˛18

11Rm≥ \√ CSb≥ BIp∂p; \√ CSb≥ BSpIƒ°p th≠n Xs‚ Pohs\ sImSp°p∂p.12CSb\pw BSpIfpsS DSaÿ\pa√mØ Iqen°mc≥, sN∂mbv hcp∂Xp I≠p BSpIsf hn´p

HmSn°fbp∂p; sN∂mbv Ahsb ]nSn°bpw Nn∂n®pIfIbpw sNøp∂p. 13Ah≥ Iqen°mc\pw

BSpIsf°pdn®p hnNmcan√mØh\pat√m. 14Rm≥ \√ CSb≥; ]nXmhp Fs∂ AdnIbpw Rm≥

181

]nXmhns\ AdnIbpw sNøp∂Xpt]mse, Rm≥ F\n°p≈hsb AdnIbpw F\n°p≈h Fs∂

AdnIbpw sNøp∂p. 15BSpIƒ°p th≠n Rm≥ Fs‚ Pohs\ sImSp°p∂p. 16Cu sXmgpØn¬

Dƒs∏SmØ thsd BSpIƒ F\n°p D≠p; Ahsbbpw Rm≥ \StØ≠XmIp∂p; Ah Fs‚

i–w tIƒ°pw; Hcmń≥Iq´hpw HcnSb\pw BIpw. 17Fs‚ Pohs\ ho≠pw {]m]nt°≠Xn∂p

Rm≥ AXns\ sImSp°p∂XpsIm≠p ]nXmhp Fs∂ kvt\ln°p∂p 18Bcpw AXns\ Ft∂mSp

FSpØpIfbp∂n√; Rm≥ Xt∂ AXns\ sImSp°p∂p; AXns\ sImSp∏m≥ F\n°p A[nImcw

D≠p; ho≠pw {]m]n∏m\pw A[nImcw D≠p; Cu Iev]\ Fs‚ ]nXmhn¶¬ \n∂p F\n°p

e`n®ncn°p∂p.

10:11,14 ""Rm≥ \√ CS-b≥ BIp∂p'' CXv ain-lm-bpsS ]gb\nba \maamIp∂p (H.-t\m. sbsl. 34:23;

skJ. 11; 1 ]s{Xm. 5:4), IqSmsX btlm-hbv°p≈ t]cpw BIp∂p (H.-t\m. k¶o. 23:1; 28:9; 77:20; 78:52;

80:1; 95:7; 100:3; sbi. 40:11; bnsc. 23:1; 31:10; sbsl. 34:11˛16).

""\√'' F∂p ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ c≠v {Ko°v ]Zßƒ D≠v: (1) AKm-tØm-kv, hkvXp°sf

kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ tbml-∂m≥ Cu ]Zw km[m-c-W-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v, (2) Imtem-kv, Xn∑-bpsS hn]-co-

X-ambn \∑sb ]cm-a¿in-°p-hm≥ sk]v‰zPn‚n¬ CXv D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. ]pXnb\nb-a-Øn¬ Cu ]Z-Øn\v

""at\m-l-c-am-bXv'' ""Ipeo-\-am-b-Xv,'' ""[m¿Ωn-I-am-bXv,'' ""tbmKy-ambXv'' F∂o A¿∞-ßƒ D≠v. eqs°m.

8:15 ¬ Cu c≠v ]Zßfpw Hcp-an®v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. 8:12 s‚ Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

10:11 ""\√ CS-b≥ BSp-Iƒ°pth≠n Xs‚ Pohs\ sIm-Sp-°p∂p'' {InkvXp-hns‚ {]mb-›n-Ø-bm-K-

sØ-°p-dn-®mWv ChnsS ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 11,15,17,18). ]m]n-I-fmb a\p-jy¿°p-th≠n tbip

kzta-[bm Poh≥ shSn™p (H.-t\m. sbi. 52:13˛53:12; a¿s°m. 10:45; 2 sImcn. 5:21). Ahs‚ acWw

aptJ\ am{Xta bYm¿∞ Pohn-Xw, kar-≤n-bmb PohnXw D≠m-Ip-∂p-≈q. {_qkv Fw. sa‰vkvK¿ Fgp-Xnb

F sSIvkvNz¬ Ia‚dn Hm¨ Zn {Ko°v \yq sSÃ-sa‚ v F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ Cu hmIy-sØ kw_-‘n®v

at\m-l-c-amb Hcp kqN\ D≠v.

""tbml-∂ms‚ khn-tij {]tbm-K-amb "Pohs\ sImSp°p∂p' (10:15,17; 13:37,38; 15:13; 1 tbml.

3:16) F∂ ]cm-a¿iØn\p ]I-c-ambn ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂

"Xs‚ Pohs\ adp-hn-e-bmbn sImSp-∏m\pw' F∂ ]cm-a¿iamWv \nc-h[n Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fn¬

(P45, a*, D) ImWp-∂-Xv.''

10:14 ""Rm≥ F\n-°p-≈-hsb Adn-Ibpw F\n-°p-≈h Fs∂ Adn-Ibpw'' ""Adn-bpI'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚

F{_mb A¿∞-am-WnXv (1:10 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hnjbw ImWp-I). ]p{X≥ ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bp-Ibpw

]nXmhp ]p{X\w AdnbpIbpw sNøp∂-Xp-t]mse tbip X∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-hscbpw hniz-kn-°p-∂h¿

Ahs\bpw Adn-bp-∂p. Ah¿ ""ImWp-Ibpw'' ""tIƒ°pIbpw'' (H.-t\m. hm. 4) {]Xn-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-

cn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 1:12; 3:16). {InkvXym-\nXzw Hcp hy‡n-]c-amb -_‘w BIp∂p (H.-t\m. 17:20˛26).

10:15 ""]nXmhv Fs∂ Adn-Ibpw Rm≥ ]nXm-hns\ Adn-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse'' tbml-∂m-\n¬

Bh¿Øn-®p-h-cp∂ hnj-b-am-Wn-Xv. ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ tbip-hns‚ Bg-amb _‘-Øn¬ \n∂p-amWv tbip

kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xv.

]nXmhpw ]p{X-\pw XΩn-ep≈ ASpØ _‘sØ ]p{X\pw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpambp≈ _‘-hp-ambn

Xmc-X-ay-s∏-SpØn 14˛15 hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv B›-cy-ap-f-hm-°p∂ kmZr-iy-am-Ip∂p (H.-t\m. 14:23).

""Adn-bpI'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ F{_mb A¿∞sØ Adn-bp∂ hkvXp-X-Iƒ F∂ \ne-bn√ Bg-amb

Iq´mbva F∂ \ne-bn-emWv tbml-∂m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv. tbip ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bp∂p; tbip-hns\

Adn-bp-∂-h¿ ssZh-sØbpw Adn-bp-∂p.

10:16 ""Cu sXmgp-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-SmØ thsd BSp-Iƒ F\n-°p≠v'' sbi. 56:6-˛8 s\°p-dn-®p≈ kqN-

\bmWn-Xv. ]›m-Øew kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv CXv (1) ia-cy-°m¿ (H.-t\m. 4:1˛42), As√-¶n¬ (2) PmXn-I-fpsS

k` (H.-t\m. 4:43- 54) F∂n-hsb ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xm-bn- m-Wv. {InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ F√m-h-cp-sSbpw

sFIy-X-sb-°p-dn-®mWv ChnsS kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]pXnb DS-ºSn sblq-Z-∑mscbpw PmXn-Isfbpw H∂m-

°p∂p (H.-t\m. Fs^. 2:11˛3:13; 1 sImcn. 12:13; Kem. 3:28; sImsem. 3:11)! Dev]. 3:15 Dw tbml-∂m≥ 3:16 Dw

H∂n®ptNcp∂p!

� ""Hcm-ń≥Iq-´hpw Hcn-S-b\pw BIpw'' ssZh-Øns‚ e£yw Ft∏mgpw CXm-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. Dev].

3:15; 12:3; ]pd. 19:5˛6). Cu sFIy-Øns‚ ssZh-imkv{X]c-amb hißƒ Fs^. 2:11˛3:13; 4:1- 6 ¬ N¿®

sNøp-∂p-≠v.

10:17 ""AXns\ sImSp-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ]nXmhv Fs∂ kvt\ln-°p∂p'' ]p{X≥- A-hs‚ Pohs\ If-bp-

hm≥ \n¿_-‘n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xp-t]mse ]p{Xs\ sImSp-°phm≥ ]nXmhpw \n¿_‘n°s∏ń√. tbip F∂

a\p-jys‚ A\p-k-c-W-Øn\v ssZhw {]Xn- ew \¬In F∂ coXn-bn¬ CXns\ hymJym-\n-°-cpXv (Cu

182

Zpcp-]-tZ-isØ AtUm-]vj-\nkw F∂p hnfn-°p-∂p, ]Z-kq-NnI ImWp-I).

� ""Fs‚ Pohs\ ho≠pw {]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\v Rm≥ AXns\ sImSp-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v'' CXp ]p\-cp-

∞m-\sØ kqNn∏n°p-∂p. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ km[m-c-W-bmbn, ]p{Xs‚ bmKw ]nXm-hn\v kzoImcyw

F∂p ImWn-°p-hm≥ ]p{Xs\ ]nXmhv Db¿∏n°p-∂Xmbn tcJ-s∏-SpØp∂p (H.-t\m. 18b). F∂m¬ Chn-sS,

]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn¬ tbip-hns‚ kz¥w i‡n-sb -X-s∂-bmWv Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂-Xv.

{XnXz-Ønse aq∂p hy‡n-Ifpw hos≠-Sp-∏ns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂ \ne-]mSv

]p-Xnb\nbaw ]e-t∏mgpw kzoI-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p ImWn-°p∂Xn\p≈ G‰hpw \s√mcp Ah-k-c-amWv Cu

{]tbm-Kw.

1. ]nXm-hmb ssZhw tbip-hns\ Db¿Øn (H.-t\m. As∏m. 2:24; 3:15; 4:10; 5:30; 10:40; 13:30,34,37; 17:31;

tdma. 6:4,9; 10:9; 1 sImcn. 6:14; 2 sImcn. 4:14; Kem. 1:1; Fs^. 1:20; sImsem. 2:12; 1 sX . 1:10)

2. ]p{X-\mb ssZhw Xs∂-Øm≥ Dbn¿∏n®p (H.-t\m. tbml. 2:19˛22; 10:17˛18).

3. Bflmhmw ssZhw tbip-hns\ Db¿∏n®p (H.-t\m. tdma. 8:11).

10:18 ""F\n°v A[n-Imcw D≠v'' 1:12¬ D]-tbm-Kn® AtX {]tbmKw BIp∂p CXv. ""A[n-Im-cw,'' ""\nb-

a]c-amb A-h-Imiw,'' ""i‡n'' F∂n-ßs\ CXns\ ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. tbiphns‚ A[n-Im-

c-sØbpw i‡n-sbbpw BWv Cu hmIyw ImWn-°p-∂Xv.

tbml-∂m≥ 10:19˛21

19Cu hN\w \nanØw sblqZ∑mcpsS CSbn¬ ]ns∂bpw `n∂X D≠mbn. 20Ahcn¬ ]ecpw:

Ah∂p `qXw D≠p; Ah≥ {`m¥≥ BIp∂p; Ahs‚ hm°p tIƒ°p∂Xp F¥n∂p F∂p

]d™p. 21a‰p Nne¿: CXp `qX{KkvXs‚ hm°√; `qXØn∂p IpcpS∑mcpsS IÆp Xpd°phm≥

Ignbptam F∂p ]d™p.

10:19 tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn®v 6:25; 7:12,25,43; 9:8 -9, 16; 10:19- 21; 11:36˛37 F∂o hmIy-ß-fn¬ hn`n-∂-amb A`n-{]m-b-

ßƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠,v Cu hnjbw tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ DS\ofw XpS-cp-∂-XmsW∂p

a\- n-em-°mw. ap≥\nba\w a\p-jy-s‚ kzX{¥ C— F∂n-hbv°n-S-bnse kwL¿j-amWv, Nne¿ kp-hn-

tijw kzoIcn-°p-Ibpw a‰p-≈-h¿ \nc-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xns‚ clkyw!

10:20 ""Ah\p `qXw D≠v; Ah≥ {`m¥≥ BIp∂p'' c≠v hyXykvX ImgvN-∏m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂psIm≠v

tbip-hn-s\-Xnsc Npa-Ønb Hcp km[m-cW Ip‰-am-bn-cp∂p CXv.

1. 7:20˛set∏mse, Cu hmIy-Øn¬ tbip-hn\v am\-knI hn{`m¥n D≠v F∂v ]d-bp-∂p

2. tbip-hns‚ i‡n-bpsS Dd-hn-SsØ hni-Z-am-°p-hm≥ ]cn-io-∑m¿ D]-tbm-Kn-®- AtX Imcy-amWnXv

(H.t\m. 8:48,52)

10:21 hm. 21˛¬ c≠v tNmZy-ßƒ D≠v.

1. hm. 21a bn¬ Hu°v (ouk) F∂ ]Zw ImWmw, AXv ""AtX'' F∂ DØcw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p

2. hm. 21b bn¬ ao (mh) F∂ ]Zw ImWmw, AXv ""A√'' F∂ DØcw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p

sPbnwkv slhn‰v Fgp-Xnb \yqsS-Ãvsa‚ v {Ko°v, t]Pv 171 ImWp-I. F∂n-cp-∂mepw sImbvs\ {Ko°n¬

F{X ITn-\hpw {]bm-k-I-c-hp-amb hymI-cW \nb-a-ß-fm-Wp-≈-sX∂v CXp ImWn-°p-∂p. hymI-cW cq]-

a-√, ]›m-Ø-e-am-Wv Ah-km\ Xocp-am-\-Øn\v klm-bn-°p-∂-Xv.

IpcpSs‚ kuJyw Hcp anin-sslI AS-bmfw Bbn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. ]pd. 4:11; k¶o. 146:8; sbi. 29:18;

35:5; 42:7). 9˛mw A≤ym-b-Ønse -t]mse bn{km-tb-ens‚ A‘-X-bmWv (H.-t\m. sbi. 42:19) ChnsS {]Z-¿-

in-∏n-°s∏Sp∂-sX∂ Hcp tXm∂¬ Df-hm-Ip-∂p.

tbml-∂m≥ 10:22-˛30

22A\¥cw sbcqitean¬ {]XnjvtTm’hw BNcn®p; A∂p ioXImeambncp∂p. 23tbip

ssZhmebØn¬ itemtams‚ afi]Øn¬ \S∂psIm≠ncp∂p. 24sblqZ∑m¿ Ahs\ hf™p:

\o F{XtØmfw Rßsf Bin∏n°p∂p? \o {InkvXp F¶n¬ kv]„ambn ]dI F∂p Aht\mSp

]d™p. 25tbip AhtcmSv DØcw ]d™Xp: Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]d™n´p≠p; F¶nepw \nßƒ

hnizkn°p∂n√; Fs‚ ]nXmhns‚ \maØn¬ Rm≥ sNøp∂ {]hrØnIƒ F\n°p km£yw

BIp∂p 26\nßtfm Fs‚ BSpIfpsS Iq´Ønep≈hc√mbvIbm¬ hnizkn°p∂n√. 27Fs‚

BSpIƒ Fs‚ i–w tIƒ°p∂p; Rm≥ Ahsb AdnIbpw Ah Fs∂ A\pKan°bpw sNøp∂p.28Rm≥ Ash°p \nXyPoh≥ sImSp°p∂p; Ah Hcp\mfpw \in®pt]mIpIbn√; Bcpw Ahsb

183

Fs‚ Iøn¬\n∂p ]nSn®p]dn°bpw C√. 29Ahsb X∂ncn°p∂ Fs‚ ]nXmhp F√mhcnepw

henbh≥; ]nXmhns‚ Iøn¬ \n∂p ]nSn®p]dn∏m≥ B¿°pw IgnbpIbn√. 30Rm\pw ]nXmhpw

H∂mIp∂p.

10:22 ""{]Xn-jvtTm-’hw'' ""shfn-®-ß-fpsS D’hw'' F∂v sPmko^kv CXns\ hnfn-°p-∂p. C∂Xv l\p-

°mlv F∂dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Unkw-_-dns‚ a≤y-Øn¬ hcp-∂-Xmb Hcp F´p Zn\ D’hw Bbn-cp∂p CXv.

_n. kn. 164 ¬ bqZmkv a°m-_n-bkv t\Snb ssk\nI hnP-b-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v ssZhm-ebw ]p\x-{]-Xn-jvTn-®-

Xns‚ Hm¿Ω-bv°m-bn´mWv Cu D’hw BN-cn-°p-∂-Xv. _n. kn. 168 ¬ skeyq-°kv cmPmhm-bn-cp∂ B‚n-

tbm-°kv IV F∏n^m-\kv sblq-Z-∑m-cp-sS-ta¬ PmXob BNmcßƒ ASn-t®¬∏n-°p-hm≥ {ian®p (H.-t\m.

Zm\o. 8:9˛14). Ah≥ sbcp-itew ssZhm-ebw PmXn-I-fpsS t£{X-am°n am‰pIbpw hnip-≤-ÿ-eØv kyqkn\v

Hcp bmK-]oTw ]Wn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. tamZn-\nse ]ptcm-ln-Xs‚ ]p{X-∑m-cn¬ Hcp-h-\m-bn-cp∂p bqZmkv

a°m-_n-bkv Cu PmXob cmPm-hns\ tXmev]n-°p-Ibpw ssZhm-ebw ip≤o-I-cn®v ]p\x-{]-Xn-jvTn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp (H.-t\m. 1 a°m. 4:36˛59; 2 a°m. 1:18).

sblqZ aX-t\-Xm°ƒ, sbcp-i-tew ]uc-∑m¿, Xo¿∞m-SI P\-°q´w F∂n-h-cpsS apºn¬ kzbw shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ AhbpsS {]Xo-Im-fl-I- A¿∞sØ tbiphn\v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp Ah-k-c-

ambn´mWv tbml-∂m≥ Cu D’-h-ßsf tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. A≤ym-b-ßƒ 7˛11).

� ""item-tams‚ afi-]-Øn¬'' tbip \n∂p {]kw-Kn-®-Xmb kv{XoI-fpsS {]mIm-c-Øns‚ Ingt°

`mK-Øp≈ Ih-NnX ÿe-am-Wn-Xv. _n. kn. 586 se _m_n-tem- B{I-a-W-sØ CXv AXnPo-hn-®-Xmbn-

sPmko-^kv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønbn-cn°p∂p.

10:22 ""A∂p ioX-Im-e-am-bn-cp∂p'' CsXmcp ZrIvkm£n hnh-c-W-am-Wv.

10:24 ""F¶n¬'' Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ ho£-W-Øn¬ kXy-am-btXm As√-¶n¬ Ahs‚ cN-\m-]-c-amb e£y-

Øn\v klm-b-I-ctam Bb DØ-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv. Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬ [mcmfw DØ-a-]p-

cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-Ißƒ ImWmw (H.-t\m. hm. 24,35,37,38). A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ Cu LS\ Fßs\

D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v hm. 24 ImWn-®p-X-cp-∂p. tbip ain-lm-bm-sW∂v Cu ]co-i-∑m¿ bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ hniz-kn-®n√; Ah¿ Ahs\ IpSp-°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

� ""kv]jvS-ambn ]dI'' Cu hmIy-Øn¬ \nc-h[n Imcy-ßƒ N¿® sNøm-\p-≠v. H∂m-aXmbn, tbip

]Tn-∏n-®Xv D]a, Be-¶m-cnI `mj, Zzbm¿∞ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ F∂nh D]-tbm-Kn-®m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-s\-°p-

dn®v hy‡-ambn Ah≥ Xs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ ssZhm-e-b-Ønse ]pcp-jmcw B{K-ln-®p. 7:4 se {]tXyI

]T-\hnjbw: ]do-knb ImWp-I.

c≠m-a-Xmbn, tbip-hns‚ ImesØ sblq-Z-∑m¿ ssZhw PV-sa-Sp-Ø-h-\mWv ainlm F∂v {]Xo£n-

®n-cp∂n√. \nc-h[n kμ¿ -ß-fn¬ ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ Ahs‚ GI-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v tbip kv]jvS-ambn ]cm-

a¿in-®n-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 8:56˛59); ]t£ Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Ah¿ {]tXyIw tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv ain-lm-sb-°p-

dn-®m-Wv. Cu A`n-jn-‡-≥ tamsi-sb-t∏mse {]h¿Øn-°p-sa∂v sblq-Z-∑m¿ {]Xo-£n®p (H.-t\m. Bh.

18:15,19). 6˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ tbip IrXy-ambn AXp Xs∂-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. ]gb \nb-a -{]-h-N-\-ß-fpsS

\nhrØn- Ahs‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ I≠p, {]tXy-In®p A‘s\ kuJy-am-Ip∂ kw -h-Øn¬ (A-≤ymbw

9). sblq-Z-∑m¿°v Bh-iy-am-bn-cp∂ kIe sXfn-hp-Ifpw e`n®p. ]t£, Ah-cpsS ain-lm-sb-°p-dn-®v ]c-

º-cmK-X-ambn Ah¿ sh®p ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp∂ ssk\n-Ihpw tZiobhpamb {]Xo-£-Iƒ am{Xw tbip-hn¬

I≠n√ F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Chn-SpsØ {]iv\w.

10:25 ""Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬ Rm≥ sNøp∂ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ F\n°p km£yw BIp-∂p'' Ahs‚

Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßsf Ahs‚ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ icn-bm-sW∂v sXfn-bn®p F∂mWv tbip Dd-∏n®p ]d-™Xv

(H.-t\m. 2:23; 5:36; 10:25,38; 14:11; 15:24).

10:26 Fs¥mcp sR´n-∏n-°p∂ {]kvXm-h\!

10:28 ""Rm≥ Ash°p \nXy-Po-h≥ sImSp-°p∂p'' \nXy-Po-h≥ Af-hn-epw KpW-Øn-epw hnti-jXtb-dn-

b-XmWv. CXv ]pXnbbpK-Øns‚ Poh≥ BIp-∂p. {InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hniz-k-Øm¬ CXv Ct∏mƒ e`y-am-

Ip∂p (H.-t\m. 3:36; 11:24˛26).

� ""Ah Hcp-\mfpw \in-®p-t]m-I-bn√; Bcpw Ahsb Fs‚ Iøn¬\n∂p ]nSn®p]dn-°bpw C√''

hnizm-kn-bpsS kpc-£n-X-XzsØ°pdn-®v ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ G‰hpw i‡-amb thZ- m-K-ß-

fnsem∂m-WnXv (H.-t\m. 6:39). \ap°p am{X-amWv \sΩ ssZh-kvt\-l-Øn¬ \n∂pw th¿s]-Sp-Øp-hm≥

Ign-bp-∂-sX∂ hkvXpX hfsc kv]jvS-amWv (H.-t\m. tdma. 8:38˛39; Kem. 5:2˛4). {InkvXob `{ZXsb (1

tbml. 5:13 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hnjbw ImWp-I), ÿntcm-’m-lw sIm≠v (8:31 se {]tXyI ]T-\hnjbw

ImWp-I) k¥p-e\-s∏-SpØ-Ww. `{ZX {XntbI ssZh-Øn-s‚ -{]-hr-Øn-Iƒ, kz`mhw F∂n-h-bpsS ASn-

184

ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cn-°Ww.

{InkvXp-hn¬ XpS¿am-\-ambn hnizmkw A¿∏n-°p-∂-h-cpsS Dd-∏n-s\-°p-dn®v tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw

Dd-∏n-®p-]-d-bp-∂p-≠v. am\-km-¥-c-Øn\pw hnizm-kØn\p-ap≈ {]mcw` Xocp-am-\-Ønepw AXv Pohn-X-ssi-

en-bn¬ {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-eq-sS-bmWv CXmcw`n°p-∂Xv. CXv \ap°v kz¥-am-bn- p≈ Hcp

Dev]-∂-amWv F∂ ImgvN-∏m-Sn-te°v (""H-cn-°¬ c£n-°-s∏-´m¬, F∂-t∂-°p-ambn c£n-°-s∏-´p'') Cu

hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘w Zni-sX-‰p-tºm-gmWv ssZh-imkv{X]c-amb {]iv\-ßƒ t\cn-Sp-∂-Xv. XpS¿am-\-am-bp≈

hnizmkw bYm¿∞ c£-bpsS sXfn-hm-Ip∂p (H.-t\m. F{_m-b¿, bmt°m-_v, 1 tbml-∂m≥).

10:29

NASB, NKJV ""Ahsb F\n°p X∂n-cn-°p∂ Fs‚ ]nXmhv F√m-h-cnepw hen-b-h≥''

NRSV ""Fs‚ ]nXmhv F\n°p \¬In-bXv as‰-√m-‰n-s\-°mfpw hen-b-Xm-Ip-∂p''

TEV "Fs‚ ]nXmhv F\n°p \¬In-bXv F√m-‰nepw hen-b-Xm-Ip-∂p''

NJV "Ahsb F\n°p \¬In-b-Xn-\m¬ Fs‚ ]nXmhv F√m-h-cnepw hen-b-h\mIp∂p''

""hen-b-h≥'' F∂Xv F¥ns\ Dt±-in-®m-Ip∂p F∂-XmWv tNmZyw: (1) tbip-hn\p ssZhw \¬Inb

P\w (NRSV, TEV) BtWm, AtXm (2) ssZhamtWm (NASB, NKJV, NJB). tbip-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂-

hsc Bsc-¶nepw ]nSn-®p-]-dn-°p-hm≥ {ian°mw F∂ ]cm-a¿i-amWv Cu hmIy-Øns‚ c≠mw `mKØv

ImWp-∂-Xv. ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn c≠m-asØ kqN-\-bmWv A\p-tbm-Py-am-Ip-∂-Xv. 6:37 se {]tXyI

]T-\-hnjbw: {InkvXob `{ZX ImWp-I.

]nXm-hns‚ i‡nbpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Ønep≈ hnizm-kn-bpsS Dd-∏ns\ ImWn-°p∂ t{ijvT-amb Hcp

thZ- mKw BWn-Xv. F√m thZ-]p-kvXI kXy-ßfpw t]mse, Hcp kwL¿j- -cn-X-amb DS-ºSntcJm amXr-

I-bn-emWv hnizm-kn-I-fpsS `{ZX Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. {XntbI ssZ-h-Øns‚ kz`m-hw, Ahs‚ Ir], IcpW

F∂n-h-bn-emWv hnizm-kn-I-fpsS c£-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ {]Xym-ibpw {Z-Xbpw \ne-\n¬°p∂-Xv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw

hnizmkn hnizm-k-Øn¬ XpS-tc-≠-Xm-Wv. Bfl-t{]-cn-X-am-b am\-km-¥-c-Øn-s‚bpw hnizm-kvXn-s‚bpw

{]mcw` Xocp-am-\-tØm-sS-bmWv c£ Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu Ahÿ XpS-sc-bp≈ am\-km-¥cØnepw hnizm-

k-Ønepw A\p-k-c-W-Ønepw ÿntcm-’m-l-Ønepw \ne-\n¿tØ-≠-Xm-Ip∂p! c£ Hcp Dev]-∂-a√ (sse v

C≥jp-d≥kv, kz¿§ob {]th-i-\ ]{Xw), adn®v {InkvXp apJm-¥cw ssZh-hp-am-bn hf¿∂p-h-cp-∂-Xmb Hcp

hy‡n-KX _‘w BWv.

ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ icn-bmb _‘w \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ sXfnh,v hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw tkh-\-Øn-

s‚-bp-amb cq]m-¥-c-s∏-´Xpw A\p-Zn\w cq]m-¥-c-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb Hcp Pohn-X-am-Wv. H.-t\m.

aØmbn 7). PUnI {InkvXym-\n-I-sf-°p-dn-®v hf-sc -Ip-d-s®--¶nepw ss__n-fn¬ sXfn-hp-Iƒ D≠v (H.-t\m.

1 sImcn. 2˛3). e£yw Ct∏m-gp≈ {InkvXp kmZr-iy-amWv, A√msX acn-°p-tºmƒ sNs∂-Øp∂ kz¿§-a-

√. hf-cp-Ibpw ip{iqj sNøp-Ibpw At∏mƒXs∂ ]m]tØmSp t]mcmSpIbpw sNøp-∂-h¿°v ss__n-

fn¬ `{ZXbpw kpc-£n-X-Xzhpw th≠p-thm-f-ap≠v. ]t£ ^e-ans√-¶n¬ thcp-an√! c£ Ir]-bm¬ am{Xw,

hnizmkØneqsS am{Xw, F∂m¬ bYm¿∞ c£bn¬\n∂v ""k¬{]hr-Øn-Iƒ'' Df-hm-Ipw (H.-t\m. Fs^.

2:10; bmt°m. 2:14˛16).

10:30˛33 ""Rm\pw ]nXmhpw H∂m-Ip-∂p... sblqZ∑m¿ Ahs\ Fdnhm≥ ]ns∂bpw I√v FSpØp''

tbip-hns‚ ain-lmXzw, Ahs‚ ssZhXzw F∂n-hsb ImWn-°p∂ ZrV-amb {]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ H∂mWv

CXv (H.-t\m. 1:1˛14; 8:58; 14:8- 10, {]tXy-In®v 17:21˛26 Ahn-sSbpw ""H∂m-Ip∂p'' F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p).

Ah≥ ]d-bp-∂-sX-¥m-sW∂v sblq-Z-∑m¿ ]q¿Æ-ambn a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw AXns\ ssZh-Zq-j-W-ambn IW-

°m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp (H.-t\m. hm. 33; 8:59). tehy. 24:16 s‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Ah¿ Ahs\ Is√-dn-bp-

hm≥ Hcp-ßn.

tbip-hns‚ hy‡n-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ BZyIme hnhm-Z-ß-fn¬ (D-Zm. Adn-bqkv ˛ BZyPmX≥; AØ-

t\jykv ˛ ]q¿Æ-ssZ-hw), 10:30; 14:9 F∂o hmIy-ß-fmWv AØ-t\-jykv ]e-t∏mgpw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂Xv

(Z tIw-{_nUvPv lnÃdn Hm^v Zn ss__nƒ hmeyw 1, t]Pv 444 ImWp-I). ""Gcnb\nkw'' ]Z-kq-NnI

ImWp-I.

tbml-∂m≥ 10:31˛39

31sblqZ∑m¿ Ahs\ Fdnhm≥ ]ns∂bpw I√p FSpØp. 32tbip AhtcmSp: ]nXmhns‚

Iev]\bm¬ Rm≥ ]e \√{]hrØnIƒ \nßsf ImWn®ncn°p∂p; Ahbn¬ GXp {]hrØn

\nanØw \nßƒ Fs∂ Is√dnbp∂p F∂p tNmZn®p. 33sblqZ∑m¿ Aht\mSp: \√{]hrØn

\nanØa√, ssZhZqjWw \nanØhpw \o a\pjy\mbncns° \ns∂Øs∂ ssZhw B°p∂Xp

sIm≠pat{X Rßƒ \ns∂ Is√dnbp∂Xp F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 34tbip AhtcmSp: \nßƒ

tZh∑m¿ BIp∂p F∂p Rm≥ ]d™p F∂p \nßfpsS \ymb{]amWØn¬ FgpXnbncn°p∂n√

tbm? 35ssZhØns‚ Acpf∏mSp D≠mbn´p≈hsc tZh∑m¿ F∂p ]d™p F¶n¬˛ XncpshgpØn

185

∂p \o°w h∂pIqSt√m˛ 36Rm≥ ssZhØns‚ ]p{X≥ F∂p ]d™Xp sIm≠p: \o ssZhZqjWw

]dbp∂p F∂p ]nXmhp hnip≤oIcn®p temIØn¬ Ab®ht\mSp \nßƒ ]dbp∂pthm? 37Rm≥

Fs‚ ]nXmhns‚ {]hrØn sNøp∂ns√¶n¬ Fs∂ hnizknt°≠m; 38sNøp∂p F¶ntem Fs∂

hnizkn°mXncp∂mepw, ]nXmhp F∂nepw Rm≥ ]nXmhnepw F∂p \nßƒ {Kln®p Adntb≠

Xn∂p {]hrØnsb hnizkn∏n≥. 39Ah¿ Ahs\ ]ns∂bpw ]nSn∏m≥ t\m°n; Aht\m AhcpsS

Iøn¬\n∂p Hgn™pt]mbn.

10:31 hm. 30˛se tbip-hns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-bp-ambn Cu hmIyw _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. d∫n-am-cpsS Akm-[m-

cW X¿°imkv{X-]-c-amb ssien-bn-em-Wv tbip Ah-cpsS Ip‰m-tcm-]-W-ßƒ°p adp-]Sn \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ ssZhsØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Gtemlow F∂ hm°ns‚ Zzbm¿∞ {]tbm-K-amWv ChnsS

ImWp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. Dev]. 1). _lp-h-N-\-cq-]-amb Cu hm°v ZqX-∑m¿°pw am\p-jnI t\Xm-°-∑m¿°pw

(\ym-bm-[n-]-∑m¿) D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. 6:20 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hnjbw: ssZh-Øn\p \¬In-bn-cp∂ t]cp-Iƒ

ImWpI.

10:32 \√ (Im-tem-kv) CS-b≥ ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂p≈ \√ (Im-tem-kv) {]hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøp-∂p.

10:33 ""ssZh-Zq-jWw \nanØw'' ]nXm-hn-t\mSv ka\m-Ip∂p F∂ Xs‚ Ah-Im-i-hm-ZsØ Ah¿ icn-

bmbn a\- n-em°n F∂v tbip Adn-™p.

10:34 ""\nß-fpsS \ymb-{]-am-W-Øn¬'' tbip k¶o¿Ø-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw D≤-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw ""\ymb-{]-

amWw'' F∂mWXns\ hnfn°p∂Xv (D-Zm. tXmd A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv ""D]-tZ-i-ßƒ'' F∂m-Wv, H.-t\m. 12:34;

15:25; tdma. 3:9˛19). \ymb-{]-amWw F∂ ]Zw D-ev]ØnapX¬ Bh¿Ø-\w hsc-bp≈ tamsibpsS ]pkvX-

I-ßsfbmWv (tXmd) km[mcWbmbn kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. ChnsS ImWp-∂Xv apgp-h≥ ]gb \nb-a-sØbpw

Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp∂ hnim-e-amb Hcp {]tbm-K-amWv.

� ""\nßƒ tZh-∑m¿'' k¶o. 82:6 ¬ \n∂p-amWv tbip D≤-cn-®-Xv. am\p-jnI \ymbm-[n-]-∑msc ]cm-a¿in-

°p-hm-\mWv Ftemlow F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®Xv (6:20 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hnjbØn¬ Ftemlow ImWp-

I). \ymbm-[n-]-∑msc (A-[m¿ΩnI-cm-sW-¶n-epw) ""AXyp-∂-Xs‚ ]p{X-∑m¿'' F∂mWv hnfn-®ncp∂Xv. sblq-

Z-∑m¿ tbip-hns\ B{I-an-®Xn\p ImcWw Ah≥ a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp∂n´pw (1) ssZh-Øns‚ ]p{X≥ BsW∂pw

(2) ssZhhpw Ah\pw H∂m-Ip∂p F∂pw Ah-Im-i-s∏- -Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F¶nepw a‰p≈ a\p-jyscbpw

""tZh-∑m-¿'' F∂p hnfn-®ncp∂p (H.-t\m- ]p-d. 4:16; 7:1; 22:8,9; k¶o. 82:6; 138:1).

tbip-hns‚ d∫n-amcpsS ssien-bn-ep≈ hmZw CØ-c-Øn-em-sW∂p tXm∂p-∂p: \ymb-{]-amWw kXy-

am-Wv, a\p-jy¿ Ftemlow F∂pw hnfn-°-s∏- n´p≠v. Bb-Xn-\m¬ Rm≥ ssZh-]p-{X\m-sW∂v Dd-∏n-®p-]-d-

bp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Fs∂ ssZh-Zq-jWw ]d-bp-∂-h≥ F∂p \nßƒ Icp-Xp∂sX¥n\v? F{_mb `mj-bn¬

Ftemlow _lp-h-N-\-am-Wv. F∂m¬ AXv GI-h-N-\-ambn X¿÷a sNøp-Ibpw ]gb\nb-a ssZhsØ

]cm-a¿in-°p-tºmƒ GI-h-N\ {Inb D]-tbm-Kn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. 6:20 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hnjbw: ssZh-

Øn\p≈ t]cp-Iƒ ImWpI. CXv Nnet∏mƒ tbml-∂ms‚ khn-ti-j-X-bmb Zzbm¿∞ {]tbm-K-am-Imw:

(1) c≠v e£ym¿∞-ß-fp≈ Hcp ]Z-{]tbm-Kw, (2) ""AtX'' F∂ DØcw {]Xo-£n-°p∂ Hcp {Ko°v

tNmZyw.

10:35 ""Xncp-sh-gp-Øn\p \o°w h∂p-Iq-Sm-b-t√m'' tbip-hns‚ kw`m-j-W-ß-sf-°p-dn®v tbml-∂m≥ an°-

t∏mgpw A`n-{]m-bw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. CXv tbip-hns‚ {]kvXm-h\ BtWm AtXm tbml-∂ms‚

BtWm F∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Dd-∏n-√. F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, c≠pw ssZh-\nizm-ko-b-am-b-Xn-\m¬, AXv hnj-b-a√.

Xncp-sh-gp-Øns‚ hnizm-ky-X-sb-bmWv Cu D≤-cWn e£y-am-°p-∂-Xv. tbiphpw As∏m-kvX-e-∑mcpw ]g-

b-\n-b-a-sØbpw AXn\p Xßƒ \¬Inb hymJym-\-ß-sfbpw ssZh-Øns‚ kz¥w hm°p-I-fm-bmWv I≠Xv

(H.-t\m. aØm. 5:17˛19; 1 sImcn. 2:9˛13; 1 sX . 2:13; 2 Xnsam. 3:16; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:23˛25; 2 ]s{Xm. 1:20- 21; 3:15˛16).

Zn sse v Hm v _nj∏v auƒ F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ _nj∏v F®v.-kn.-Pn.- auƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv,

""Ah≥ ({In-kvXp) ss__nƒ ]q¿Æ-ambn hniz-kn-®p, AXn-\m¬ F\n°p hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bm-ØXpw k¶o¿Æhpw Fs∂ Ipg-bv°p-∂-Xp-amb Imcy-ßƒ ss__n-fn¬ Ds≠¶nepw

Rm≥ A‘-am-bn- -√, `b- -‡n-tbmsS Rm≥ tbip apJm-¥cw ss__nƒ hniz-kn-°p∂p'' (t]Pv

138).

10:36 ]nXmhv Ahs\ Xnc-s™-SpØp (""th¿Xn-cn®p'' As√-¶n¬ ""hnip≤o-I-cn-®p''), Ahs\ Ab®p

(-an-inlm Bbn) F∂v tbip Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂p. AXp-sIm≠v ""ssZh-]p-{X≥'' F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈

tbmKyX Ah\v Xo¿®-bmbpw D≠v. bn{km-tb-ense \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ ssZhsØ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn®Xp-t]mse

(H.-t\m. k¶o. 82:6) Ah≥ ]nXm-hns\ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂Xv hm°nepw {]hr-Øn-bnepw BIp∂p. 5:4 se

{]tXyI ]T-\]T-\-hn-jbw: Ab-bv°pI (A-t∏m-sÃ-t√m) ImWp-I.

186

10:37 hm. 19- 21 ¬ CXp Xs∂-bmWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ssZh-Øns‚ {]hØn-sb-bmWv tbip-hns‚ A¤p-X-ßƒ

{]Xn-^-en-∏n®-Xv.

10:37,38 ""F¶n¬ ... F¶n¬'' ]nXm-hns‚ {]hrØn-I-fmWv tbip sNbvX-Xv. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬,- tbiphpw

]nXmhpw H∂m-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂ Dd-∏n¬ A-h¿ Ah-\n¬ hnizkn°-Ww (H.-t\m. hm. 30,38). {]tXyI ]T-\-

hn-jbw: 1 tbml. 2:10 ¬ hkn-°pI ImWpI.

10:39 Xs∂ D]-{Z-hn°p-hm≥ {ian-®-h-cpsS ssIbn¬ \n∂pw tbip Hgn™p amdp∂ \nc-h[n kμ¿ -ß-fn¬

H∂m-WnXv (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 4:29˛30; tbml, 8:59). Cu c£-s]-S-en¬ (1) Hcp A¤p-X {]hr-Øn-bmtWm (2)

tbmip-hns‚ ico-c-{]-IrXn P\-ß-fn-semcm-sf-t∏msebmb-Xn-\m¬ P\-°q- -Øn¬ ad-bp-hm≥ Ah\p km[n-

®n-cp∂p F∂-XmtWm F∂p Dd-∏n°phm≥ km[y-a-√.

tbml-∂m≥ 10:40- 41

40Ah≥ tbm¿±m∂°sc tbml∂m≥ BZnbn¬ kv\m\w Ign∏n®psIm≠ncp∂ ÿeØp

]ns∂bpw sN∂p AhnsS ]m¿Øp. 41]ecpw Ahs‚ ASp°¬ h∂p: tbml∂m≥ ASbmfw H∂pw

sNbvXnń√; F∂m¬ Chs\°pdn®p tbml∂m≥ ]d™Xp Hs°bpw kXyambncp∂p F∂p

]d™p. AhnsS ]ecpw Ah\n¬ hnizkn®p.

10:40 s_Ym\y F∂ ]´WtØmSv tN¿∂n-cn-°p∂Xpw sbcn-tlm-bpsS FXn¿h-iØv tbm¿±m-∂°sc Dfve-

Xp-amb ÿeamWn-Xv.

10:41 tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-Is‚ ÿnco-I-c-W-sØ-bmWv ho≠pw tbml-∂m≥ {]kvXm-

hn-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 1:6˛7, 19˛42; 3:22˛30; 5:33)! tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I-\p-ambn _‘-s∏ v Dfhmb Nne Zpcp-]-

tZ-i-ßƒ°v F-Xnsc i_vZ-ap-b¿Øm-\m-bn-cn°mw CXv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

sblq-Z-t\-Xm-°-∑m¿ tbip-hns\ Xnc-kvI-cn-®n-cp∂p F¶n-epw, km[m-c-W-°m-cmb \nch[n P\-ßƒ

({]m-tZ-inI P\-ßƒ) Ah-\n¬ hnizmkw A¿∏n®p (H.-t\m. 2:23; 7:31; 8:30). 2:23 se {]tXy-I- ]-T-\hnjbw

ImWp-I.









1. F¥p-sIm-≠mWv tbml-∂m≥ Xs‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ IqsS-°qsS cq]-Im-e-¶m-c-ßƒ Iqń-°-e¿Øp-

∂Xv (D-Zm. ""tbip Htc kabw Bń≥ sXmgp-Øns‚ hmXnepw \√n-S-b\pw BIp-∂p'')?

2. tbml-∂m≥ 10˛mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ ]g-b-\n-ba ]›m-Øew F¥mWv

3. tbip ""Pohs\ If-bp∂p'' F∂Xns‚ {]m[m\yw F¥mWv?

4. tbip `qXw _m[n-®-h-\m-sW∂v sblq-Z-∑m¿ XpS¿®-bmbn Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv F¥p-sIm-≠mWv?

5. tbip-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ {]m[m\yw D≈-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv F¥p-sIm≠v?

6. ""hnizm-kn-bpsS c£m`{ZX'' F∂-Xns\ ""hnizm-kn-bpsS ÿntcm-’mlw'' F∂Xp-ambn Fßs\

\ap°v _‘-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ignbpw?

187



emk-dns‚ acWw emk-dns‚ acWw emk-dns‚ Dbn¿∏v emk-dns‚ acWw emk-dns‚

]p\-cp-∞m\w

11:1˛16 11:1˛16 11:1˛6 11:4 11:1˛4

11:5˛7 11:5˛10

11:7˛16

11:8

11:9˛11

11:11˛16

11:12

11:13˛15

11:16

tbip ]p\-cp-∞m- Rm≥ Xt∂ ]p\cp tbip ]p\-cp-∞m

\hpw Poh\pw ∞m\hpw Poh\pw \hpw Poh\pw

BIp∂p

11:17- 27 11:17- 27 11:17- 27 11:17- 19 11:17- 27

11:20-˛22

11:23

11:24

11:25-˛26

11:27

tbip Ic-bp∂p tbiphpw ac-Whpw tbip Ic-bp∂p

Ah-km\ i{Xp

11:28-˛37 11:28-˛37 11:28-˛37 11:28- 31 11:28- 31

11:32 11:32˛42

11:33-˛34a

11:34b

11:35˛36

11:37

emk-dns\ emk-dns\ acW emk-dns\

Pohn-∏n-°p∂p Øn¬\n∂pw Pohn-∏n-°p∂p

Dbn¿∏n-°p∂p

11:38-˛44 11:38-˛44 11:38-˛44 11:38-˛39a

11:39b

11:40-˛44

11:43˛44

tbip-hns\ sIm√p tbip-hns\ sIm√p tbip-hn-s\-Xn-cmb sblq-Z-{]-amWn

hm\p≈ ]≤Xn hm\p≈ ]≤Xn KqVm-tem-N\ Iƒ tbip-hns‚

acWw Xocp-am\n

°p∂p

11:45-˛53 11:45-˛57 11:45-˛53 11:45-˛48 11:45-˛54

11:49˛52

11:53-˛54

188

ssZh-imkv{X kw{KlwA≤ymbw 11 s‚ ssZh-imkv{X {]m[m\yw Ch-bm-Wv.

1. tbip-hns‚ i‡n-bp-sSbpw A[n-Im-c-Øn-s‚bpw {]Z¿i\w XpS-cp-∂p.

2. tbip al-Xz-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v Ah-kcw Hcp-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ssZhnI ]≤-Xn-bm-bn-cp∂p emk-dns‚ ac-

Ww.

3. tbip-hp-am-bp≈ am¿Ø-bpsS kw`m-j-Ww, Ah-fpsS al-Ømb G‰p-]-d-®nen\pw tbip-hns‚

XpS¿∂p≈ kzb- sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Ø-en\pw (A-Xm. ]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw Poh\pw, hm. 25) Ah-kcw Hcp-°p-

∂p.

4. tbip Ct∏mƒ \nXy-Po-h≥ \¬Ip∂p (\nhr-Øn-bmb A¥y-Im-e-im-kv{Xw). CXv emk-dns‚

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev]n¬ {]Xo-I-h-XvI-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. tbip-hn\v ac-W-Øn-t∑¬ \nb-{¥-W-ap-≠v!

5. Cu i‡-amb A¤p-X-Øns‚ apºn-epw, Ahn-izmkw XpS-cp∂p (A-Xm. £an-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]w,

5:21 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I).

]Z, ssieo ]T\w

tbml-∂m≥ 11:1˛16

1adnbbpsSbpw AhfpsS ktlmZcn am¿ØbpsSbpw {Kmaamb s_Ym\ybnse emk¿ F∂

HcpØ≥ Zo\ambn°nS∂p. 2Cu adnb Bbncp∂p I¿Ømhns\ ]cnafssXew ]qin Xs‚

XeapSnsIm≠v Ahs‚ Im¬ XpS®Xv. AhfpsS ktlmZc\mb emk¿ Bbncp∂p Zo\ambn

InS∂Xv. 3B ktlmZcnam¿ Ahs‚ ASp°¬ Bfb®p: I¿Ømth, \n\°p {]nb\mbh≥

Zo\ambn°nS°p∂p F∂p ]dbn®p. 4tbip AXp tI´n v: Cu Zo\w acWØn∂mbn´√, ssZh]p{X≥

alØzs∏tS≠Xn∂p ssZhØns‚ alXzØn\mbn´t{X F∂p ]d™p. 5tbip am¿Øsbbpw

AhfpsS ktlmZcnsbbpw emkdns\bpw kvt\ln®p. 6F∂n´pw, Ah≥ Zo\ambn°nS°p∂p F∂p

tI´t∏mƒ, Xm≥ A∂p Ccp∂ ÿeØp c≠p Znhkw ]m¿Øp. 7AXns‚ tijw Ah≥

injy∑mtcmSv: \mw ho≠pw sblqZybnte°p t]mI F∂p ]d™p. 8injy∑m¿ Aht\mSv: d∫o,

sblqZ∑m¿ Ct∏mƒXt∂ \ns∂ Is√dnbphm≥ `mhn®pht√m; \o ]ns∂bpw AhnsS t]mIp

∂pthm F∂p tNmZn®p. 9AXn∂p tbip: ]Ien\p ]{¥≠p aWn t\cw C√tbm? ]I¬ kabØp

\S°p∂h≥ Cu temIØns‚ shfn®w ImWp∂XpsIm≠v CSdp∂n√; 10cm{Xnbn¬ \S°p∂ht\m,

11:54 11:54 s]kl kao]n

°p∂p

11:55-˛57 11:55-˛57 11:55-˛57 11:55-˛57














4. BZnbmbh

189

Ah∂p shfn®w C√mbvIsIm≠v CSdp∂p F∂v DØcw ]d™p. 11CXp ]d™n v Ah≥: \ΩpsS

kvt\lnX\mb emk¿ \n{ZsIm≈p∂p; F¶nepw Rm≥ Ahs\ DW¿Øphm≥ t]mIp∂p F∂v

AhtcmSp ]d™p. 12injy∑m¿ Aht\mSv: I¿Ømth, Ah≥ \n{ZsIm≈p∂p F¶n¬ Ah∂p

kuJyw hcpw F∂p ]d™p. 13tbipthm Ahs‚ acWsØ°pdn®v Bbncp∂p ]d™Xv: Dd°w

F∂ \n{Zsb°pdn®p ]d™p F∂v Ah¿°p tXm∂nt∏mbn. 14At∏mƒ tbip kv]„ambn

AhtcmSv: emk¿ acn®pt]mbn; 15Rm≥ AhnsS C√mØXpsIm≠p \nßsf hnNmcn®p kt¥mjn

°p∂p; \nßƒ hnizkn∏m≥ CSbmIpat√m; F∂m¬ \mw Ahs‚ ASp°¬ t]mI F∂p

]d™p. 16ZnZnsamkv F∂p t]cp≈ tXmamkv klinjy∑mtcmSv: Aht\mSpIqsS acnt°≠Xn\p

\mapw t]mI F∂p ]d™p.

11:1 ""adnb'' ""ancymw'' F∂ F{_m-b -\m-a-am-Wn-Xv.

� ""am¿Ø'' ""bP-am-\Øn'' F∂-Xn-\p≈ Bcmay ]Zw. aqØ-h-fmb am¿Øsb BZyw ]cm-a¿in-°mØXv

Akm-[m-c-W-amWv; eqs°m. 10:38˛42 t\mSp _‘-s∏- m-bn-cn-°mw adn-bsb BZyw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv.

� ""t_Ym\y'' 1:28; 10:40 ¬ ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-°p∂ t_Ym\y A√ CXv. AXv tbm¿±m-\-cnsI sbco-tlm-hn-

t\mSp tN¿∂ ÿeam-Wv. Cu t_Ym\y, sbcp-i-te-an\v c≠p ssa¬ sX°p Ing-°v, Henhpae-bpsS

AtX ]¿ΔX {]tZ-i-Øp-≈-Xm-Wv. tbip sbcq-i-te-an¬ hcp-tºm-sgms° ]m¿°m-dp-≈Xv ChnsSbmWv.

� ""emk¿'' ""ssZhw klm-bn-°p∂p'' As√-¶n¬ ""ssZhw klm-b-I≥'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ ""Feo-tb-sk¿''

F∂ F{_m-b-t]-cm-Wn-Xv. tbip-hn\v adn-b, am¿Ø, emk¿ F∂n-h-tcm-Sp≈ kvt\lw hmb-\-°m¿°v

Adn-bm-sa∂v tbml-∂m≥ Duln-°p∂p (H.-t\m.- eq-s°m. 10:38˛42, ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ Ch-sc-

°p-dn-®p≈ GI -]-cm-a¿iamWnXv).

� ""Hcp-Ø≥ Zo\-am-bn-°n-S∂p'' A]q¿Æ Ime-am-Wn-Xv. Zo¿L-\m-fp-I-fmbn Ah≥ tcmKn-bmbn InS-°p-

I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-WnXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.- F-∂n-cp-∂mepw A]q¿W ImesØ ""tcmKn-bm-Im≥ Bcw- n®p''

F∂pw hymJym-\n-°mw.

11:2 ""Cu adnb Bbn-cp∂p I¿Øm-hns\ ]cn-af ssXew ]qin Xs‚ Xe-ap-Sn-sIm≠p Ah≥ Im¬ Xp-

S-®-Xv'' tbml-∂ms‚ as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n] A`n-{]m-b-amWv hm. 2. adn-b-bpsS `‡n kw_-‘n® Cu hnh-

cWw (H.-t\m. 12:2˛8) aØm-bn-bnepw (H.-t\m. 26:6˛13) a¿s°m-knepw (H.-t\m. 14:3˛9) ImWmw. eqs°m. 7:36

apX¬ ImWp∂ kam-\-amb Hcp ssXew ]qi-en¬ ImWp-∂Xv Hcp hyXykvX kvXosbbm-Wv.

kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ C\nbpw hnhcn°m-\n-cn-°p∂ Hcp kw -h-sØ-bmWv Cu hmIyw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

A≤ymbw 12˛emWXp tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu IpSpw-_-sØ-°p-dn®v hmb-\-°m¿ a‰p t{kmX- p-I-

fn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em-°n-bn-cn°pw F∂p tbml-∂m≥ Icp-Xn-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv Nne¿ CXn-s\-°p-dn®p Nn¥n-

°p-∂Xv.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: A`n-tjIw (ssXew ]qi¬)

ss__n-fn¬ (BDB 603)

A. kuμcy-h¿≤-\bv°v (H.-t\m. Bh. 28:40; cqØv 3:3; 2 iaq. 12:20; 14:2; 2 Zn\. 28:15; Zm\o. 10:3;

Btam. 6:6; aoJm 6:15).

B. AXn-Yn-Iƒ°v (H.-t\m. k¶o. 23:5; eqs°m. 7:38, 46; tbml. 11:2).

C. kuJy-Øn-\mbn (H.-t\m. sbi. 61:1; bnsc. 51:8; a¿s°m. 6:13; eqs°m. 10:34; bmt°m. 5:14).

(Btcm-Ky-]-c-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ sbsl. 16:9 ¬).

D. ih-kw-kvImc-Øn\v (H.-t\m. Dev]. 50:2; 2 Zn\. 16:14; a¿s°m. 16:1; tbml. 12:3,7; 19:39˛40)

E. aX-]-c-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ (Hcp hkvXp-hn-s\, H.-t\m. Dev]. 28:18,20; 33:13 (Hcp XqWns\); ]pd. 29:36

(bm-K-]o-T-sØ); ]pd. 30:26; 40:9- 16; tehy. 8:10˛13; kwJy. 7:1 (k-am-K-a\ IqSm-c-sØ).

F. t\Xm-°sf \nb-an-°p-∂-Xn\v

1. ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿

a. Al-tcm≥ (]p-d. 28:41; 29:7; 30:30)

b. Al-tcms‚ ]p{X-∑m¿ (]p-dw. 40:15; tehy. 7:36).

c. km[m-cW {]tbmKw AYhm t]cv (kw-Jy. 3:3; tehy. 16:32)

2. cmPm-°-∑m¿

a. ssZh-Øm¬ (H.-t\m. 1 iaq. 2:10; 2 iaq. 12:7; 2 cmPm. 9:3,6,12; k¶o. 45:7; 89:20).

190

b. {]hm-N-I-∑m-cm¬ (H.-t\m. 1 iaq. 9:16; 10:1; 15:1, 17; 16:3,12- 13; 1 cmPm. 1:45; 19:15˛16).

c. ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cm¬ (H.-t\m. 1 cmPm. 1:34,39; 2 cmPm. 11:12).

d. aq∏-∑m-cm¬ (H.-t\m.\ymbm. 9:8,15; 2 iaq. 2:7; 5:3; 2 cmPm. 23:30).

e. tbip ain-sslI cmPm-hmbn (H.-t\m. k¶o. 2:2; eqs°m. 4:18; [sb-i. 61:1]; {]hr. 4:27;

10:38; F{_m. 1:9 [k¶o. 45:7].f. tbip-hns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ (H.-t\m. 2 sImcn. 1:21; 1 tbml. 2:20,27 ({In-kvam˛crisma)

3. {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ (km-[y-X, H.-t\m. sbi. 61:1).

4. ssZhnI hnSp-X-en-\mbn Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb D]-I-c-W-ßƒ

a. tImsciv (H.-t\m. sbi. 45:1).

b. tkm¿ cmPmhv (H.-t\m. sbsl. 28:18, FhnsS Ah≥ ZtZmw kmZr-iy-ßsf D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂p).

5. ""ainlm'' F∂ ]Zw/t]cn\v ""A`n-j-‡≥'' F∂m-W¿∞w (BDB 603).

11:3 ""B ktlm-Z-cn-am¿ Ahs‚ ASp-°¬ Bf-b®p'' tbm¿±m-\-°sc s]-cn-b-bn¬ Bbn-cp∂ tbip-

hns\ Ah¿ ktμ-i-a-dn-bn-®p.

� ""\n\°p {]nb-\m-b-h≥ Zo\-am-bvIn-S-°p∂p'' Cu `h-\-tØm-Sp≈ tbip-hns‚ AXp-ey-amb _‘-

sØ-bm-WnXp ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. ^nsetbm F∂ {Ko°p-]-Z-am-Wn-Xv. F¶nepw sImbvt\ {Ko°n¬, ^nsetbm

AKm-∏mthm F∂nh amdn amdn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp≠v (H.-t\m. hm. 5; 3:35; 5:20).

11:4 ""Cu Zo\w ac-W-Øn-∂m-bn- √ ssZh-]p-{X≥ al-Xz-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v'' emk¿ Zo\-am-bn In-S-°p∂ Imcyw

tbip Adn-™n-cp∂p F∂nXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Ahs\ Db¿sØ-gp-t∂ev]n-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS X∂n-eqsS ]nXm-

hn\v Xs‚ i‡n shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\v Ah-kcw e`n-t°-≠-Xn-\mbn Ah≥ Ahs\ acn-°p-hm-\-\p-h-Zn-®p.

tcmKhpw IjvS-hpw- Nn-e-t∏m-sgms° ssZh-Øns‚ lnX-am-Wv (H.-t\m. 9:3; Ctøm-_ns‚ ]pkvXIw; 2 sImcn.

12:7˛10).

� ""ssZh]p{X≥ al-Xz-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v'' ""ssZhw'' F∂ ]Zw ]pcm-X\ ]m∏n-dkv Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fmb

P45, P66, F∂nh-bn¬ C√. tcmKw ]nXm-hn\pw ]p{X\pw alXzw sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu kμ¿ -Ønse

tbip-hns‚ alXzw Hcp-h≥ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xnepw hyXy-kvX-am-b-Xm-Wv. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn-ep-

S-\ofw Cu ]Zw tbip-hns‚ {Iqio-I-c-W-sØ-bpw- A-hs‚ al-XzoI-cW-sØbpamWp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

emk-dns‚ Db¿∏v, tbip-hns‚ ac-W-Øn-\p-th≠n apd-hnfn Iq´p-hm≥ sblqZ t\Xr-XzsØ t{]cn-∏n-®p.

� ""ssZh-Øns‚ al-Xz-Øn-\mbn'' tbip-hns‚ {]hrØnIƒ ""ssZh-Øns‚ alXzw'' shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂p. 1:14 se Ipdn∏p ImWp-I.

11:5 tbml-∂ms‚ as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n] A`n-{]mbw (H.-t\m. hm. 36).

11:6 ""A∂p- Ccp∂ ÿeØp c≠p Znhkw ]m¿Øp'' emk¿ acn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc tbip Xma-kn®p! tbip-

hn\v apJ-]-£-an-√. Cu tcmK-Øn\p ]n∂n¬ Hcp ssZhn-tIm-t±-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 15; 9:3).

11:7 ""AXn-s‚tijw Ah≥ injy-∑m-tcmSp: \mw ho≠pw sblq-Zy-bn-te°p t]mI'' XpS¿∂p ImWp∂

kw`m-j-W-Øn¬ \n∂p sblq-Z-∑m¿ tbip-hns\ Is√-dn-bm-\n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v injy-∑m¿°p \√ t_m[y-

ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂p a\- n-em°mw (H.-t\m. hm. 8; 8:54; 10:31,39). injy-∑m¿ hnizm-k-Øns‚bpw `b-Øn-

s‚bpw Akm-[m-c-W-am-sbmcp kΩn{ihnIm-c-amWp {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 16). tXmamkv ]e-t∏mgpw

kwi-bn-°p∂ injy-\m-bmWp IW-°m-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≈-Xv. F∂m-en-hnsS Ah≥ tbip-hn-t\mSp IqsS acn-

°m≥ Xøm-dmIp∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 16).

ssa°nƒ awKn¬ Xs‚ \yq-sS-Ãvsa‚ v {Sm≥kvsse≥ F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ \s√mcp \nco-£Ww \S-Øp-

∂Xv, hm. 7 se ""\mw ... t]mI'' F∂Xv hm. 11˛¬ ""F¶nepw Rm≥ t]mIp∂p'' F∂mbn amdp∂p F∂mWv.

injy-∑m¿ `b-hn-lz-ecpw kwi-bm-ep-°-fp-am-bn-cp∂p F¶nepw tbip Dd-∏p-≈-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p. tXmam-kmWv

hm. 16˛¬ tbip-hn-t\mSp IqsS t]mIm≥ Xøm-dm-Ip-∂Xv (""\m-apw -t]m-I'').

11:9˛10 CXv Cu A≤ym-bsØ 8:12 t\mSpw 9:4˛5 t\mSpw tbmPn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp am¿§-am-bn-cn°mw (H.-

t\m. 12:35). hm. 9a, ""AtX'' Fs∂mcp DØ-c-amWp {]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv.

ssZh-Øns‚ CjvSw sNøp-∂-hcpw (A-Xm. tbip) sNøm-Ø-hcpw (hm. 10, sblq-Z-∑m¿) XΩn¬ hy‡-

amb Hcp sshcp≤yw D≠v. ]nXmhv Xs∂ Ab-bv°p-∂n-S-tØ°p t]mIp∂Xv tbip-hn\p ]‰p∂ sX‰-√,

ImcWw Ah≥ temI-Øns‚ shfn-®-amWv!

shfn-®hpw Ccpfpw XΩn-ep≈ Cu sshcp≤yw sblqZ ⁄m\-km-ln-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw Ip{am≥

FgpØpIfp-sSbpw khn-ti-j-X-bmWv (D-Zm. ""shfn-®-Øns‚ ]p{X-∑m-cp-sSbpw Ccp- ns‚ ]p{X-∑m-cp-sSbpw

Npcpƒ'' As√-¶n¬ ""Ccp- ns‚ ]p{X-∑m¿s°-Xn-cmbn shfn-®-Øns‚ ]p{X-∑m-cpsS bp≤w'').

191

11:11 ""\ΩpsS kvt\ln-X-\mb emk¿ \n{Z-sIm-≈p∂p'' Chn-SpsØ {Inb- ]q¿Æ I¿ΩnWn kqN-I-am-

Wv. injy-∑m¿ tbip-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ B£-cn-I-ambn FSp-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ahs\ an°-t∏mgpw sX‰n-≤-cn-

°p∂p (H.-t\m.- hm. 13). tbip D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ac-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Cu kmZriyw AXns‚ ]g-b-\n-ba

D]-tbm-KsØ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. Bh. 31:16; 2 iaq. 7:12; 1 cmPm. 1:21; 2:10; 11:21,43; 14:20 BZn).

""skan-tØcn'' F∂ ]Zw ""Dd°w'' F∂-Xn-\p≈ AtX {Ko°p aqe-]-Z-Øn¬ \n∂pw h∂-Xm-Wv.

11:12 ""F¶n¬'' Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ ho£-W-Øn¬ icn-bmbtXm As√-¶n¬ Ahs‚ cN-t\m-t±-iysØ klm-

bn-°p-∂tXm Bb DØ-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv.

� ""Ah\p kuJyw hcpw'' ""imco-cnI hnSp-X¬'' (H.-t\m. bmt°m. 5:15) F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ ""c£''

F∂v ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]Z-am-Wn-Xv. injy-∑m¿ ho≠pw tbip-hns‚ Be-¶m-cnI `mjsb

B£-cn-I-ambn FSp-Ø-Xn-\m¬ Ahs\ sX‰n-≤-cn-°p∂p (A-Xm. Dd-°w). tbip-hns‚ hm°p-Isf C{]-

Imcw sX‰n≤cn-°p-∂Xv tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ khn-ti-j-X-bmWv (A-Xm. hm. 23˛24). Ah≥

taen¬ \n∂p-≈-h-\m-Wv. Ah¿ Xmsg \n∂p-≈-hcpw. Bflm-hns‚ klm-b-an-√msX (A-Xm. s]s¥-t°mkvXv)

Ah¿°v {Kln-°m≥ Ign-I-bn-√.

11:13""At∏mƒ tbip kv]jvS-ambn Ah-tcmSp'' 7:4 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: ]cn-knb ImWp-I.

11:15 ""Rm≥ AhnsS C√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠p \nßsf hnNm-cn®p kt¥m-jn-°p∂p; \nßƒ hniz-kn-∏m≥

CS-bm-Ip-a-t√m'' emk-dns\ Dbn¿∏n-°p-∂Xv emk-dn-t\mSv Ah-\p≈ kvt\l-_‘w \nan-Øtam As√-

¶n¬ adn-b-bpsSbpw am¿Ø-bp-sSbpw ZpxJw \nan-Øtam A√, ]ns∂tbm (1) injy-∑m-cpsS hnizmkw h¿≤n-

∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw (hm. 14), (2) sblqZ ]pcp-jm-c-Øns‚ hnizm-ksØ DW¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw (hm. 42) BsW∂v

tbip Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-∂p. tbml-∂m-\n¬ hnizmkw Hcp {]{Inb-bmWv. Nne-t∏mƒ AXp hnI-kn-°p∂p (A-

Xm. injy-∑m¿, H.-t\m. 2:11), Nne-t∏mƒ C√ (A-Xm. AcnsI \n¬°p-∂-h¿, H.-t\m. 8:31˛59).

11:16 Cu hmIyw tXmam-kns‚ hnizm-ksØ hy‡-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. tbip-hn-t\m-Sp-IqSn acn-°m≥

Ah≥ a\- p-≈-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p. a\p-jys‚ G‰hpw henb `b-amb ac-W-Øn-s‚-ta-ep≈ tbip-hns‚ A[n-

Imcw injy-∑msc ImWn-t°-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p.

{Ko°n¬ ZnZn-samkv F∂-Xp-t]mse Acm-ay-bn¬ ""Cc´'' (as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n-]-°p-dn∏v) F∂mWv tXmamkv

F∂ hm°n-\¿∞w. ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cp-sS ]ńI-bn¬ Ah-\p≠v (H.-t\m.

aØm. 10:3; a¿s°m. 3:18; eqs°m. 6:15). tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw Ah-s\-°p-dn®v IqsS-°qsS ]d-bp-

∂p≠v (H.-t\m. 11:16; 14:5; 20:24˛29; 21:2). 1:45 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS t]cp-I-fpsS

]ńI ImWp-I.

tbml-∂m≥ 11:17˛27

17tbip AhnsS FØnbt∏mƒ Ahs\ I√dbn¬ h®n´p \mepZnhkambn F∂p Adn™p.18s_Ym\y sbcqitean∂cnsI GItZiw c≠p \mgnI ZqcØmbncp∂p. 19am¿Øsbbpw adnb

sbbpw ktlmZcs\°pdn®p Bizkn∏nt°≠Xn∂p ]e sblqZ∑mcpw AhcpsS ASp°¬

h∂ncp∂p. 20tbip hcp∂p F∂p tIń´p am¿Ø Ahs\ FXntcev]m≥ sN∂p; adnbtbm hoń¬

Ccp∂p. 21am¿Ø tbiphnt\mSv: I¿Ømth, \o ChnsS D≠mbncp∂p F¶n¬ Fs‚ ktlmZc≥

acn°bn√mbncp∂p. 22Ct∏mgpw \o ssZhtØmSv F¥p At]£n®mepw ssZhw \n\°p Xcpw

F∂p Rm≥ Adnbp∂p F∂p ]d™p. 23tbip AhtfmSv: \ns‚ ktlmZc≥ Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬°pw

F∂p ]d™p. 24am¿Ø Aht\mSv: HSp°sØ \mfnse ]p\cp∞m\Øn¬ Ah≥ Db¿sØgp

t∂ev°pw F∂p Rm≥ Adnbp∂p F∂v ]d™p. 25tbip AhtfmSv: Rm≥ Xt∂ ]p\cp∞m\hpw

Poh\pw BIp∂p; F∂n¬ hnizkn°p∂h≥ acn®mepw Pohn°pw. 26Pohn®ncp∂v F∂n¬

hnizkn°p∂h≥ Bcpw Hcp\mfpw acn°bn√; CXp \o hnizkn°p∂pthm F∂p ]d™p. 27Ahƒ

Aht\mSv: DΔp, I¿Ømth, temIØn¬ hcphm\p≈ ssZh]p{X\mb {InkvXp \o Xt∂ F∂p

Rm≥ hnizkn®ncn°p∂p.

11:17 ""Ahs\ I√-d-bn¬ sh®n´p aq∂p Znh-k-ambn'' Bflmhv \mep Znhkw ùXnI icocsØ Np‰n-∏‰n

\n¬°m-dp-s≠∂v d∫n-am¿ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. emk¿ bYm¿∞-ambn acn-®p-sh∂pw d∫n-am-cpsS kIe {]Xo-

£-Iƒ°pw A∏p-d-Øm-sW∂pw Dd-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn \mep Znhkw Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc tbip ImØncp∂p.

11:18 ""GI-tZiw c≠p \mgnI'' tbml-∂ms‚ as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n-]-°p-dn-∏mWv hm. 18. B£-cn-I-ambn CXv 15

^¿temwKv BWv.

11:19 ""]e sblq-Z-∑mcpw Ah-cpsS ASp-°¬ h∂n-cp∂p'' ""sblq-Z-∑m¿'' F∂ ]Zw tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-

ti-j-Øn¬ km[m-c-W-bmbn tbip-hns‚ i{Xp-°-sf-bmWp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. F¶nepw Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬,

192

CXv Cu IpSpw-_sØ ]cn-N-b-ap≈ sbcp-itew \nhm-kn-I-sf-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 31,33,45).

11:20 ""adn-btbm ho´n¬ Ccp∂p'' sblq-Z-∑m¿ km[m-c-W-bmbn Xd-bn¬ Ccp-∂mWp hne-]n-°m-dp-≈-Xv.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: hnem] BNm-c-ßƒ{]nb-s∏- -h-cpsS th¿]m-Sn-tem, hy‡n-]-c-amb am\-km-¥-c-Øntem, kaq-l-ambn sNøp∂ Ip‰-ß-

fpsS apºntem hnhn[ coXnIfn¬ bn{km-tb-ey¿ ZpxJw {]I-Sn-∏n-°m-dp-≠v:

1. hkv{Xw Iodp-I, Dev]. 37:29,34; 44:13; \ymbm. 11:35; 2 iaq. 1:11; 3:31; 1 cmPm. 21:27; Ctøm. 1:20

2. c´p-Sp-°pI, Dev]. 37:34; 2 iaq. 3:31; 1 cmPm. 21:27; bnsc. 48:37

3. sNcn∏v Ducn-°-f-bp-I, 2 iaq. 15:30; sbi. 20:3

4. ssI Xe-bn¬ hbv°p-I, 2 iaq. 13:9; bnsc. 2:37

5. Xe-bn¬ ]qgn -hm-cn-bn-SpI. tbmip-. 7:6; 1 iaq. 4:12; s\sl. 9:1

6. \ne-Øn-cn-°pI, hnem. 2:10; sbsl. 26:16 (\n-eØp InS-°p-I, 2 ict. 12:16); sbi. 47:1

7. amd-Ø-Sn-°pI, 1 iaq. 25:1; 2 iaq. 11:26; \lqw 2:7

8. apd-th¬∏n-°p-I, Bh. 14:1; bnsc. 16:6; 48:37

9. D]-h-kn-°pI, 2 iaq. 1:16,22; 1 cmPm. 21:27

10. hnem]w ]mSp-I, 2 iaq. 1:17; 3:31; 2 Zn\. 35:25

11. Ij-≠n-bm-°pI (X-e-apSn ]dn-°p-Itbm Nnsc-°p-Itbm), bnsc. 48:37)

12. XmSn I{Xn-°p-I, bnsc. 48:37

13. Xe As√-¶n¬ apJw aqSp-I, 2 iap. 15:30; 19:4

11:21,32 ""am¿Ø ... \o ChnsS D≠m-bn-cp∂p F¶n¬ Fs‚ ktlm-Z-c≥ acn-°-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p'' ""hkvXpXm

hncp≤w'' F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ a[y-a-]p-cpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv. CXn-{]-Imcw a\- n-em-°mw. ""\o

ChnsS Rß-tfm-sSm-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, ]t£ \o C√m-bn-cp-∂p, Fs‚ ktlm-Z-c≥ acn-°-bn-√m-bn-cp-

∂p, ]t£ Ah≥ acn-®p.'' am¿Øbpw adn-bbpw tbip-hn-t\mSp ]d-™Xp kam-\-amb {]kvXm-h-\-I-fm-bn-

cp∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 32). hnem-]-Øns‚ B \mep- Zn-h-k-ß-fn¬ Ah¿ ]e-t∏mgpw Cu hnjbw N¿® sNbvXn-

´p-≠m-Ipw. Ah≥ t\csØ hcm-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-ep≈ Ah-cpsS C—m- wKw tbip-hn-t\mSp {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v

B kv{XoIƒ°n-cp-h¿°pw _p≤n-ap- p-≠m-bn-√.

11:22 ""Ct∏mgpw \o ssZh-tØmSp F¥p At]-£n-®mepw ssZhw \n\°p Xcpw F∂p Rm≥ Adn-

bp∂p'' tbip F¥p-sN-øm-\mWv adnb B{K-ln-°p-∂-sX-∂-Xns\°pdn®p hy‡-a-√, Imc-Ww, hm. 39 ¬

emk-dns‚ Dbn¿∏n¬ Ahƒ°v A¤p-X-am-Wp-≠m-bXv.

11:23˛24 ""\ns‚ ktlm-Z-c≥ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°pw'' HSp-°sØ \mfnse imco-cnI ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn¬

hniz-kn-®n-cp∂ ]co-i-∑m-cpsS AtX ssZh-im-kv{X -ho-£-W-am-bn-cp∂p am¿Ø-bv°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Cu

ho£-WsØ ]n¥p-W-bv°p∂ ]cn-an-X-amb ]g-b-\n-ba sXfn-hp-Iƒ D≠v (H.t\m. Zm\o. 12:2; Ctøm-. 14:14;

19:25˛27). tbip Cu sblqZ Adn-hns\ Xs‚ i‡n-bp-sSbpw A[n-Im-c-Øn-s‚bpw ÿnco-I-c-W-Øn-te°p

\bn®p (H.-t\m. hm. 25; 14:6).

11:24 ""HSp-°sØ \mfnse'' c£-bpsS DS-s\-bp≈ Ah-ÿsb tbml-∂m≥ Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p-s≠-∂Xp

icn-bm-sW-¶nepw (\nhr-Øn-bmb A¥y-Ime imkv{Xw), Ah-\n-t∏mgpw Hcp A¥y-Ime \nhr-Ønsb {]Xo-

£n-°p-∂p. CXp ]e \ne-I-fn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v.

1. Hcp \ymb-hn[n/]p\-cp-∞m\ \mƒ (H.-t\m. 5:28˛29; 6:39 -40, 44,54; 11:24; 12:48)

2. ""\mgnI'' (H.-t\m. 4:23; 5:25,28; 16:32)

3. {InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw-h-chv (H.-t\m. 14:3) (14:18- 19,28; 16:16,22 F∂o hmIy-ßƒ tbip-hns‚ ]p\-cp-

∞m\ {]Xy-£-Xsb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Im-\mWp km[y-X, A√msX A¥y-Ime hc-hn-s\-b-√).

11:25 ""tbip Ah-tfmSp: Rm≥ Xs∂ ]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw Poh\pw BIp∂p'' tbip-hns‚ Ggv ""Rm≥

BIp∂p'' {]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ H∂m-Wn-Xv. emk-dns‚ ac-W-Øns‚ apºn¬, Ah≥ Pohn-°p-sa∂p hniz-kn-

°phm≥ am¿Ø t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu {]Xymi ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw tbip-hn-s‚bpw Bf-Xz-Ønepw

i-‡n-bnepw ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- -XmWv (H.-t\m. 5:21). 8:12 se Ipdn-∏p-Im-Wp-I.

Hcp ]pcm-X\ ]m∏n-dkv Isø-gpØp {]Xn-bnepw (P45) Nne ]gb em‰n≥, kndn-bIv ]Xn-∏p-I-fnepw

Unbm-s‰ mtdmWnepw ""Poh\pw'' F∂ ]Zw hn´p-I-f-™n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv AXn-i-b-I-c-am-Wv. AXv Dƒs∏-

Sp-Øn-b-Xn\p UBS3 “B” td‰nwKpw, USB4 “A” td‰nwKpw (D-d-∏p-≈-Xv) \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

11:26 ""Pohn-®n-cp∂p F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h≥ Bcpw Hcp-\mfpw acn°-bn√'' Cu thZ- m-KØv hf-sc-b-

[nIw cN-\m-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ D≠v.

193

1. ""kI-ecpw'' F∂ km¿Δ-{XnI k¿Δ-\maw

2. XpS¿am-\-amb hnizm-k-Øn‚w Bh-iy-I-Xsb ImWn-°p∂ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime {]tbmKw (hm. 25,26)

3. ac-W-tØmSp _‘-s∏´ Cc´ \ntj-[m-flI {]tbm-Kw, ""Hcn-°epw C√, Hcn-°epw acn-°-bn√.''

CXv Bflob ac-WsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂p hy‡w. tbml-∂m\n¬, \nXy-Po-h≥ hnizm-kn-Isf kw_-

‘n®v h¿Ø-am\Ime bYm¿∞y-am-Wv, tIhew `mhn-Ime kw -h-a-√. tbip-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ Adn-bn-°m-

\p≈ am[y-a-ambncp∂p emk¿! tbml-∂ms\ kw_-‘n®v \nXy-Po-h≥ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime bYm¿∞y-am-Wv.

11:27 ""DΔp I¿Øm-th, temI-Øn¬ hcp-hm-\p≈ ssZh-]p-{X-\mb {InkvXp \o Xt∂ F∂p Rm≥

hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p∂p'' ]q¿Æ-Im-e-Øn-em-WnXp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hmKvZØ ainlm F∂ \ne-bn¬ tbip-

hn-ep≈ Ah-cpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb hnizm-k-Øns‚ i‡-amb G‰p-]-d-®n-em-Wn-Xv. ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn,

^nen-∏ns‚ ssIk-cy-bn¬ sh®p≈ ]s{Xm-kns‚ G‰p-]-d-®n-en\p Xpey-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. aØm. 16).

Xs‚ hnizmkw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ahƒ hnhn[ t]cp-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p.

1. {InkvXp (A- n-jn-‡≥ F∂¿∞-ap≈ ainlm F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ {Ko°p-]-Z-am-Wn-Xv)

2. ssZh-]p-{X≥ (ain-lm-bpsS ]g-b-\n-ba \maw)

3. hcp-hm-\p-≈-h≥ (\o-Xn-bpsS ]pXn-b-bpKw sIm≠phcp-sa∂v ssZhw hmKvZØw sNbvX-hs‚ as‰mcp

]gb \nba \maw, H.-t\m. 6:14).

kXyw shfn-s∏-SpØp∂Xn-\p≈ Hcp am¿§-ambn tbml-∂m≥ kw`m-j-W-ßsf D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. tbml-

∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ tbip-hn-ep≈ hnizmkØns‚ \nc-h[n {]Jym-]-\-ß-fp≠v (H.t\m. 1:29,34,41,49;

4:42; 6:44,69; 9:35˛38; 11:27). 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: tbml-∂m-\n¬ ""hnizkn-°pI'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚

D]-tbmKw ImWp-I.

tbml-∂m≥ 11:28-˛29

28F∂p ]d™n´p t]mbn, Xs‚ ktlmZcnbmb adnbsb kzImcyambn hnfn®p: Kpcp h∂n

´p≠v; \ns∂ hnfn°p∂p F∂p ]d™p. 29Ahƒ tI´ DSs\ Fgpt∂‰p Ahs‚ ASp°¬ h∂p.

11:28 ""Kpcp'' F≥.-F.-F-kv.-_n. ÃUn ss__n-fn¬ Hcp t{ijvT-amb A`n-{]mbw ImWmw, ""Hcp kv{Xo

\¬Ip∂ kp{]-[m-\-amb hnh-cWw. d∫n-am¿ kv{XoIsf ]Tn-∏n-°m-dn√ (H.-t\m. 4:27), F∂m¬ tbip

Ahsc IqsS-°qsS ]Tn-∏n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''

{]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: ss__n-fnse kv{XoIƒI. ]gb \nbaw

A. kmwkvIm-cn-I-ambn kv{XoIsf hkvXp-h-I-bmbn IW-°m-°n-bn-cp-∂p.

1. hkvXp-h-I-I-fpsS ]´n-I-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p (]p-d. 20:17).

2. ASna kv{XoI-tfm-Sp≈ s]cp-am‰w (]p-d. 21:7˛11)

3. kv{XoI-fpsS t\¿®-Isf DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-s∏´ ]pcp-j\p Akm-[p-hm°mw (kwJy. 30).

4. kv{XoIƒ bp≤-Ønse sIm≈ F∂ \ne-bn¬ (B-h. 20:10˛14; 21:10˛14).

B. {]mtbm--Kn-I-ambn Xpey-Xbp≠v

1. ]pcp-j\pw kv{Xobpw ssZhnI kmZr-iy-Øn¬ krjvSn-°-s∏´p (D-ev]. 1:26˛27).

2. A∏-s\bpw AΩ-sbbpw _lp-am-\n° (]p-d. 20:12 [B-h. 5:16]).3. A∏-s\bpw AΩ-sbbpw BZ-cn° (tehy. 19:3; 20:9).

4. ]pcp-j\pw kv{Xobpw \mko¿{hXw A\p-jvTn°mw (kwJy. 6:1˛2)

5. s]¨a-°ƒ°pw Ah-Im-i-ap≠v (kw-Jy. 27:1˛11)

6. DS-ºSn P\-X-bpsS `mKw (B-h. 29:10˛12).

7. A∏-s‚bpw AΩ-bp-sSbpw D]-tZiw A\p-k-cn-°pI (k-Zr. 1:8; 6:20)

8. tlams‚ ]p{X-∑mcpw ]p{Xn-amcpw (te-hy-Ip-Spw-_w) Be-b-Øn¬ kwKoX ip{iq-jbv°p

t\XrXzw \¬In (1 Zn\. 25:5˛6)

9. ]pXp-bp-K-Øn¬ ]p{X-∑mcpw ]p{Xn-amcpw {]h-Nn°pw (tbm-th¬ 2:28˛29)

C. kv{XoIƒ t\Xr-Xz-\n-c-bn¬

1. tamsi-bpsS ktlm-Zcn ancymw {]hm-NIn F∂p hnfn-°-s∏´p (]p-d. 15:20˛21; IqSmsX aoJm

6:4 ImWp-I).

2. kam-K-a\ IqSmcioe s\øp-hm≥ kv{XoIƒ°p ssZhw kma¿∞yw \¬In (]p-d. 35:25˛26).

3. kv{Xobpw {]hm-N-In-bp-amb sZt_mc (H.-t\m. \ymbm. 4:4) tKm{X-ßƒ°p \ymb-]m-e\w

194

sNbvXp (\ymbm. 4:4˛5; 5:7).

4. tbmio-bm cmPmhv ]pXp-Xmbn Is≠-Ønb ""\ymb-{]-amW ]pkvXI''-sØ-°p-dn®v Acp-f-

∏mSp tNmZn-°m≥ DtZym-K-ÿsc hn´Xv lp¬Zm F∂ {]hm-N-In-bpsS ASp-tØ-°m-bn-cp∂p

(2 cmPm. 22:14; 2 Zn\. 34:22˛27).

5. `‡ kv{Xobmb Ftÿ¿cm⁄n t]¿jy-bnse sblq-Z-∑msc c£n-®p

II. ]pXnb \nbaw

A. kmwkvImcnI-ambn sblq-Zy-bn-sebpw {Ko°v, tdma≥ temI-sØbpw kv{XoIƒ hfsc Ipd®v

Ah-Im-i-ßtfm ]Z-hn-Itfm am{X-ap≈ c≠mwXcw ]uc-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p (am-kn-tUm-Wn-b-bn¬

am{Xsa CXn-\p hyXym-kap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q)

B. kv{XoIƒ t\Xr-Xz-]-Z-hn-bn¬

1. Fen-i-s_Øpw adn-bbpw ssZh-Øn\p e`y-amb `‡ kv{XoI-fm-bn-cp∂p (eq-s°m. 1˛2)

2. `‡ kv{Xobmb l∂ Be-b-Øn¬ ip{iqj sNbvXn-cp∂p (eq-s°m. 2:36)

3. epZn-b, Hcp `h-\-k- -bnse hnizm-knbpw t\Xr-Xz-\n-c-bn-ep-≈-h-fp-am-bn-cp∂p ({]-hr. 16:14,40)

4. ^nen-s∏m-kns‚ I\y-I-I-fmb \mep ]p{Xn-am¿ {]hm-N-In-I-fm-bn-cp∂p ({]-hr. 21:8˛9)

5. t^_, sIw{Ib k -bnse ip{iq-j-°m-c-Øn-bm-bn-cp∂p (tdma. 16:1)

6. {]nkvI ({]n-kvIn-√) ]usem-kns‚ Iq´p-th-e-°m-cØnbpw As∏m-t√m-kns‚ A≤ym-]n-I-

bp-am-bn-cp∂p ({]-hr. 18:26; tdma. 16:3)

7. adnb, {Xpss^-\, {Xqs^m-k, s]¿kn-kv, bqen-b, s\sc-bp-kns‚ ktlm-Z-cn, a‰-t\I

kv{XoIƒ ]usem-kns‚ Iq´p-th-e-°m-cm-bn-cp∂p (tdm-a. 16:6˛16)

8. bq\n-bmhv (bq\nb, KJV) Hcp h\nXm As∏m-kvX-e-bm-bn-cn°mw (tdm-a. 16:7)

9. bpthm-Zybpw kp¥p-Ibpw ]usem-kns‚ Iq´p-{]-h¿Ø-I-cm-bn-cp∂p (^n-en. 4:2˛3)

III. thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse hyXykvX DZm-l-c-W-ßsf Fß-s\-bm-sWmcp B[p-\nI hnizmkn k¥p-e-

\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv?

A. aqe-k-μ¿ -Øn¬ am{Xw kmwK-Xy-ap≈ Ncn-{X-]-ctam kmwkvIm-cn-Itam Bb kXy-ßsfbpw

F√m-°m-eØpap≈ kIehnizm-kn-I-sfbpw kIek -I-sfbpw _m[n-°p∂ \nXy-k-Xy-ßfpw

XΩn¬ Fßs\ th¿Xn-cn°pw?

1. ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b-cmb aqe Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS Dt±-iysØ \mw Kuc-h-ambn FSp-t°-Ww.

ss__nƒ ssZh-h-N-\hpw hnizm-k-Øn\pw {]mtbm-KnI Pohn-X-Øn-\p-ap≈ GI t{kmX-

p-am-Wv.

2. Ncn-{Xm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ ssZh-\n-izm-kob thZ- m-K-ßsf \mw Is≠-Ø-Ww.

a. bn{km-tb-ens‚ kwkvImcw (A-Xm. BNm-c-ßƒ, NS-ßp-Iƒ, H.-t\m. {]hr. 15; Kem.

3)

b. H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse sblq-Z-aXw

c. 1 sImcn-¥y-cn¬ ImWp∂ Ncn-{Xm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ ]usem-kns‚ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

(1) PmXob tdmans‚ \nb-akw-hn-[m\w (1 sImcn. 6)

(2) Hcp ASn-a-bmbn XpS-cp-∂Xv (1 sImcn. 7:20˛24)

(3) {_“-Ncyw (1 sImcn. 7:1˛35)

(4) I\y-I-am¿ (1 sImcn. 7:36- 38)

(5) hn{Klm¿∏nX `£Ww (1 sImcn. 8; 10:23˛53)

(6) I¿Ør-ta-i-bnse Atbm-Ky-amb {]hr-Øn-Iƒ (1 sImcn. 11)

3. ssZhw Hcp {]tXyI kwkvIm-c-Øn\v Hcp {]tXyI Znhkw Xs∂-Øs∂ ]q¿Æ-ambpw

hy‡-ambpw shfn-s∏-SpØn. shfn-∏m-Sns\ \mw Kuc-h-ambn FSp-°-Ww, F∂m¬ AXns‚

Ncn{X ]›m-Ø-e-Øns‚ F√m hni-Zmw-i-ß-fpw FSp-°-cp-Xv. ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\w, am\p-

jnI hm°p-I-fn¬, Hcp {]tXyI kwkvIm-c-Øn\pth≠n Hcp {]tXyI ka-bØv Fgp-X-

s∏-´-Xm-Wv.

B. thZ-]p-kvXI hymJym\w bYm¿∞ Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ Dt±-iy-amWv At\z-jn-t°-≠-Xv. Xs‚

Ime-L- -tØmSv F¥m-W-t±lw ]d-™Xv? CXmWv icn-bmb hymJym-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\hpw

\n¿Æm-b-I-L-S-Ihpw. XpS¿∂v \mw CXp \ΩpsS Ime-L- -Øn¬ {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°Ww. Chn-

sS-bmWv kv{XoI-fpsS t\XrXzhnjbw hcp-∂Xv (b-Ym¿∞ hymJym-\-{]-iv\w, ]Z-Øns‚ \n¿h-

N-\-Øn-em-Wp-≈-Xv. t\XrXzw F∂m¬ ]mÃ¿ F∂Xv am{X-amtWm? ip{iq-j-°m-c-Øn-Ifpw

{]hm-N-In-amcpw t\Xm-°-fmbn ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sntam?) 1 sImcn. 14:34˛35; 1 Xnsam. 2:9˛15 F∂n-hn-

S-ßfn¬ kv{XoIƒ ]cky Bcm-[-\bv°p t\XrXzw hln-°-cp-sX∂ \ne-]mSmWv ]usem-kn-

\p-≠m-bn-cp∂sX∂p hy‡-amWv! F∂m¬ AsX-ßs\ C∂p _m[-I-am-Ipw? ]usem-kns‚

195

kwkvIm-chpw Fs‚ kwkvIm-chpw ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\-sØbpw lnX-sØbpw \ni-_vZ-am-

°m≥ Rm\m-{K-ln-°p-∂n-√. ]usem-kns‚ Ime-L´w IqSp-X¬ CSpßn-bXpw Ft‚Xv IqSp-

X¬ hnim-ehpw Bbn-cn-°mw. ]usem-kns‚ hm°p-Ifpw D]-tZ-i-ßfpw tkm]m-[n-Ihpw H∂mw

\q‰m-≠n-teXpw {]mtZ-inI kml-N-cy-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn-®p-≈-Xp-amb kXy-amWv F∂p ]d-bm≥

F\n°p _p≤n-ap- p-≠v. Fs‚ a\ v AYhm kwkvImcw, ssZh-\n-izm-kob Fgp-Øp-Im-cs\

hna¿in-°p-∂-Xn-\\p-h-Zn-°m≥ Rm\m-cm-Wv?

F∂n-cp-∂mepw h\nXm t\Xm-°-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ thZ-]p-kvXI DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ (]u-sem-kns‚

teJ-\-ß-fn¬ t]mepw, H.-t\m. tdma¿ 16) D≈-t∏mƒ Rms\¥p sNøpw? CXn\p \s√mcp DZm-

l-c-Ww, 1 sImcn. 11˛14 se s]mXp Bcm-[-\-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ]usem-kns‚ N¿®-bmWv. 11:5 ¬

Xe apSn-s°m≠v Ah¿ ]cky Bcm-[-\-bn¬ {]kw-Kn-°p-∂Xpw {]m¿∞n-°p-∂Xpw Ah≥

A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p-sa-¶nepw 14:34˛35 ¬ Ah¿ au\-am-bn-cn-°m≥ Ah-\m-h-iy-s∏-Sp-

∂-Xmbn ImWmw. AhnsS ip{iq-j-°m-c-Øn-Ifpw (H.-t\m. tdma¿ 16), {]hm-N-In-amcpw (H.-t\m.

{]hr. 21:9) D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu sshcp-≤y-amWv ]usem-kns‚ A`n-{]mbw (kv{Xo-Iƒ°p≈

hne-°p-Iƒ) H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse sImcn-¥nepw Fs -skm-knepw am{Xw _m[-I-am-bn-cp∂ Imcy-

am-sW∂v Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ kzmX{¥yw \¬Ip-∂-Xv. c≠p k -I-fnepw kv{XoIƒ Ah¿°p

]pXp-Xmbn e`n® kzmX{¥yw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ {]iv\w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. (H.t\m. {_qkv hn‚¿,

B v‰¿ t]mƒ e v‰v sImcn-¥v). CXv {InkvXp-hn-\p-th≠n kaq-lsØ t\Sp-∂-Xn¬ k`bv°v

XS- -ßƒ krjvSn-®p. kphn-tijw IqSp-X¬ ê-{]-Z-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n Ah-cpsS kzmX{¥yw

Ipsd-°qsS ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Fs‚ Ime-L´w ]usem-kn-t‚-Xn\p t\sc hn]-co-X-amWv. Fs‚ Ime-L- -Øn¬, ]cn-io-

e\w t\Snb kv{XoIƒ kphn-tijw ]¶p-h-bv°p-hm\pw t\XrXzw hln-°p-hm\pw A\p-h-Zn-°-

s∏-Sm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ kphn-tijw ]Xn-an-X-s∏- p-t]m-Ipw. ]cky Bcm-[-\-bpsS BXy-¥nI e£yw

F¥mWv? AXv kphn-ti-jo-I-c-Whpw injy-Xz-hp-a-√tbm? h\nXm t\Xm-°-fn¬ ssZh-Øn\p

al-Xz-sa-Sp-°p-hm\pw Ah-cn¬ {]km-Zn-°p-hm\pw Ign-bp-I-bn-√tbm? ss__nƒ apgp-h\pw "AtX'

F∂ DØ-c-amWp \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

]usem-kn\p Iogvs∏-Sp-hm-\m-sW-\n-°m-{Klw; Fs‚ ssZh-imkv{Xw ]usem-kn-t‚-Xm-

Wv. B[p-\nI kv{Xo]-£-hm-Z-Øns‚ AanX kzm[o-\hpw Zpcp-]-tbm-Khpw Rm\n-jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-

√! F¶nepw ASn-a-Øw, PmXo-b-X, ssewKn-I-X, aX-{`m¥v F∂n-h-bvs°-Xn-cm-bp≈ hy‡-amb

thZ-]p-kvXI ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-tfmSv {]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ k` Ft∏mgpw kmh-[m-\-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p

Fs∂-\n°p tXm∂p-∂p-≠v. ssZhw {InkvXp-hn¬ ASn-a-Iƒ°pw kv{XoIƒ°pw hntam-N\w

\¬Ip-∂p. kwkvImc˛_‘n-X-amb Hcp thZ- mKw Ahsc ho≠pw Nß-e-bv°n-Sp-hm≥ A\p-h-

Zn-°p-∂-Xn\p Rm≥ ss[cy-s∏-Sp-∂n-√.

Hcp Imcyw IqSn: Hcp hymJym-Xm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬, sImcn¥p k` Hcp Ae-t¶m-e-s∏´ k -

bm-bn-cp-∂p Fs∂-\n-°-dn-bmw. Ah¿ Bflob hc-ßƒ°p hne-I-ev]n-°bpw Zpcp-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-

Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. kv{XoIfpw CXn¬ s]ń- p-≠m-Imw. Fs^skmknse {]iv\w, Zpcp-]-tZ-i

°m¿ `h\ k -I-fn¬ kv{Xo-Isf D]-tbm-Kn®v {]kw-K-I-cpsS {i≤ ]X-dn-°p-hm≥ {ian-®ncp∂p

F∂-Xm-Imw.

C. IqSp-X¬ hmb-\bv°v

How to Read the Bible For All Its Worth by Gordon Fee and Doug Stuart (pp. 61-77)Gospel and Spirit: Issues in New Testament Hermeneutics by Gordon FeeHard Sayings of the Bible by Walter C. Kaiser, Peter H. Davids, F. F. Bruce, and ManfredT. Branch (pp. 613-616; 665-667)

tbml-∂m≥ 11:30˛-37

30tbip AXphsc {KmaØn¬ IS°msX am¿Ø Ahs\ FXntc‰ ÿeØp Xt∂ Bbncp∂p.31hoń¬ AhtfmSpIqsS Ccp∂v Ahsf Bizkn∏n°p∂ sblqZ∑m¿, adnb thKw Fgpt∂‰p

t]mIp∂Xp I≠n´v, Ahƒ I√dbv°¬ Icbphm≥ t]mIp∂p F∂p hnNmcn®p ]n≥sN∂p.32tbip Ccn°p∂nSØp adnb FØn Ahs\ I≠n´p Ahs‚ Imev°¬ hoWp: I¿Ømth, \o

ChnsS D≠mbncp∂p F¶n¬ Fs‚ ktlmZc≥ acn°bn√mbncp∂p F∂p ]d™p. 33Ahƒ Ic

bp∂Xpw AhtfmSpIqsS h∂ sblqZ∑m¿ Icbp∂Xpw tbip I≠n´p D≈w s\m¥p Ießn:34Ahs\ sh®Xp FhnsS F∂p tNmZn®p. I¿Ømth, h∂p ImWpI F∂p Ah¿ Aht\mSp

]d™p. 35tbip IÆp\o¿ hm¿Øp. 36BIbm¬ sblqZ∑m¿: It≠m Aht\mSv F{X {]nbw

D≠mbncp∂p F∂p ]d™p. 37Nnetcm: IpcpSs‚ IÆp Xpd∂ Ch∂p, Chs\bpw acn°mXm°p

hm≥ Ign™n√tbm F∂p ]d™p.

196

11:30 As∏m-kvX-enI Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ as‰mcp ZrIvkm£n hnh-c-W-am-Wn-Xv.

11:33

NASB ""Ah≥ Bflm-hn¬ Bg-ambn Nen-°-s∏SpIbpw Ie-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp''

NRSV ""Ah-≥ Bflm-hn¬ h√msX Akz-ÿ-\m-Ip-Ibpw Bg-ambn N©-en-°bpw sNbvXp''

TEV ""Ahs‚ lrZbw kv]¿in-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ah≥ Bg-ambn Nen-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp''

NJB ""tbip h√msX Ie-ßp-Ibpw s\Sp-ho¿∏n-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp''

B£-cn-I-ambn CXv ""Bflm-hn¬ i_vZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°pI'' F∂m-Wv. tIm]-Øn-\mWnXv D]-tbm-Kn-

°m-dp-≈-Xv (H.-t\m. Zm\o. 11:30 (LXX); a¿s°m. 1:43; 14:5). F∂m¬ Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬ CXv Bg-amb hnIm-

csØbmWp ImWn-°p∂Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 38). Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ CXns\ ac-W-tØm-Sp≈ D{K-tIm-]-

ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n-epw, CXv bYm¿∞ am\p-jnI hnIm-c-ßfpw (H.-t\m. hm. 33,35,36,38, Chn-sS-

bnXv Ahs‚ kvt\ln-X-∑m¿°p-th≠n) {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.

11:35 ""tbip IÆp-\o¿ hm¿Øp'' ss__n-fnse G‰hpw sNdnb hmIy-am-Wn-Xv. acWw ssZh-Øns‚

lnX-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. a\p-jys‚ adp-X-en-∏ns‚ ê-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. {]nb-s∏- -hs‚ th¿]m-Sns‚ thZ\ tbip

A\p- -hn-°p∂p. Xs‚ kIe A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsSbpw Pohn-Xm-\p- -h-ßƒ Ah≥ A\p- -hn-°p-∂p.

tbip-hns‚ Ic-®n¬ \ni-_vZhpw kzIm-cy-hp-amb H∂m-bn-cp-∂p. hm. 33 ¬ ]d-bp∂ ]cky hnem]w

t]mse- Bbn-cp-∂n-√.

11:37 Cu tNmZyw ""AtX'' F∂ DØcw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. CXv hm. 21 ¬ am¿Ø-bp-sSbpw hm. 32 ¬ adn-b-bp-

sSbpw A`n-{]m-b-am-bn-cp-∂p.

tbml-∂m≥ 11:38- 44

38tbip ]ns∂bpw D≈w s\m¥p I√sd°¬ FØn; AXp Hcp Kpl Bbncp∂p; Hcp I√pw

AXnt∑¬ h®ncp∂p. 39I√p \o°phn≥ F∂p tbip ]d™p. acn®hs‚ ktlmZcnbmb am¿Ø:

I¿Ømth, \m‰w sh®pXpSßn; \mepZnhkambt√m F∂p ]d™p. 40tbip AhtfmSv: hnizkn

®m¬ \o ssZhØns‚ alXzw ImWpw F∂p Rm≥ \nt∂mSp ]d™n√tbm F∂p ]d™p.

Ah¿ I√p \o°n. 41tbip tatem´p t\m°n; ]nXmth, \o Fs‚ At]£ tI´Xn\m¬ Rm≥

\ns∂ hmgvØp∂p. 42\o Ft∏mgpw Fs‚ At]£ tIƒ°p∂p F∂p Rm≥ Adn™ncn°p∂p;

F¶nepw \o Fs∂ Ab®p F∂p Np‰pw \nev°p∂ ]pcpjmcw hnizknt°≠Xn∂p AhcpsS

\nanØw, Rm≥ ]dbp∂p F∂p ]d™p. 43Cßs\ ]d™n´p Ah≥: emktd, ]pdØphcnI

F∂p Dds° hnfn®p. 44acn®h≥ ]pdØp h∂p; Ahs‚ Imepw Iøpw ioesIm≠p sIńbpw,

apJw dqam¬sIm≠p aqSnbpancp∂p. Ahs‚ sI´p Agn∏n≥; Ah≥ t]mIs´ F∂p tbip AhtcmSp

]d™p.

11:38 ""Kpl'' Cu Ime-L- -Øn¬ ]e-kvXo-\nse Kpl-Iƒ

1. {]Ir-Xn-ZØ Kpl-Itfm (_m-_m -_m{X 6:8)

2. ae-©cnhn¬ shń-bp-≠m°nbXpw hrØm-Ir-Xn-bn-ep≈ I√v AXn-\p≈ s]mgn-bn¬ Dcp-ń-sh®v

ASbv°mhp-∂-tXm

3. \neØp Ipgn-®Xpw hen-b- I-√p-sIm≠v AS-°m-hp-∂-Xp-amb Ipgn-Itfm

Bbn-cp∂p ]pcm-hkvXp Kth-j-W-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v CXn¬ H∂m-a-tØ-XmWv ChnsS G‰hpw A\p-tbm-Py-am-

b-Xv.

11:39 ""I√p- \o-°p-hn≥'' Hcp s]mgn-bn-te°v Dcp- n-h-bv°m-hp∂ henb I√mWv I≈-∑m-cn¬ \n∂pw h\y-ar-

K-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw I√-dsb kwc-£n-°m-\p-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.

� ""\mep Znh-k-am-bt√m'' ""\mep Znh-k-amb a\p-jy≥'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ Hcp {Ko°p {]tbm-K-am-Wn-Xv.

11:40 ""...®m¬'' Hcp {]hrØn km[y-am-sW-∂p -Im-Wn-°p∂ {]Ya]pcpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-WnXv.

""AtX'' F∂p-Øcw {]Xo-£n-°p∂ Hcp tNmZyw BWv Cu hmIyw.

� ""ssZh-Øns‚ alXzw'' ssZh-Øns‚ alXzw tbip-hns‚ {]hr-Øn-bn¬ shfn-s∏´p (H.-t\m. hm. 4)

1:14 se hnh-cWw ImWp-I.

11:41 ""tbip tatem´p t\m°n'' sb-lq-Z-∑m-cpsS km[m-cW {]m¿∞\m\ne ssIIfpw IÆp-Ifpw (Xp-d-

∂v) kz¿§-tØ-°p-b¿Øn-s°m≠mbncp-∂p. {]m¿∞-\sb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ ssien-bm-WnXv (H.-t\m. 17:1).

� ""\o Fs‚ At]£ tI -Xn-\m¬'' tbip ]nXm-hns\ ""tIƒ°p-Ibpw (H.-t\m. 8:20, 40; 15:15) ]nXmhv

Ahs\ ""tIƒ°p-Ibpw'' sNøp-∂p. tbip-hns\ ""tIƒ°p-∂''h¿°p \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v. ""ImWpI'-',

197

""tIƒ°pI'' F∂Xv ""ssIs°m-≈pI'' (1:12) ""hniz-kn-°pI'' (3:16) F∂-Xn\p kam-¥-c-am-Wv. emk¿

tbip-hns‚ i_vZw ""tI´p'' Pohn-®p.

11:42 tbip-hns‚ {]m¿∞-\-bp-sSbpw A¤p-X-Øn-s‚bpw Dt±-iy-an-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. tbip ]e-t∏m-gpw A¤p-X-

ß-ƒ {]h¿Øn-®Xv injy-∑m-cpsS hnizm-ksØ Dd-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ChnsS sbcq-i-te-an¬ \n∂p-h-

∂ sblq-Z-∑m-cn¬ hnizmkw Df-hm-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn tbip ho≠pw, Xs‚ {]hr-Øn-I-fn¬ ]nXm-hns‚ A[n-Im-c-sØbpw ap≥K-W-

\-I-sfbpw Db¿Øn-°m-Wn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 5:19, 30; 8:28; 12:49; 14:10). ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ tbip-hns‚

AI-a-gn™ _‘sØ Cu A¤pXw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. 5:24 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw Ab-bv°pI

(At∏m-sÃt√m ˛ apostellw) ImWp-I.

11:43 ""emk-td, ]pd-Øp-h-cnI F∂p Dds° hnfn®p'' tbip emk-dns‚ t]cv {]tXyIw FSp-Øp-]-d-™n-

cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬, I√-d-Ifn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-h-sc√mw ]pd-Øp-h-cp-am-bn-cp∂p -F-∂mtcm ]d-™n- p-≠v.

11:44 ih-i-cocw AS-°-Øn-\mbn Hcp-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv, sh≈-Øn¬ Igp-Inb tijw XpWn-sIm≠p Np‰n-s∏m-

Xn-™m-bn-cp-∂p. aS-°p-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ kpK-‘-h¿§w sh®mWv s]mXn-™n-cp-∂-Xv. sblq-Z-∑m¿°v kpK-‘-

h¿§w CSp∂ ]Xnhn-√m-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ acn®v Ccp-]-Øn-\mep aWn-°q-dn-\p-≈n¬ ihw kwkvI-cn-®n-cp-∂p.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ih-kw-kvImc coXn-IƒI. saskm-s]m-Ømay

A. kt¥mjI-c-amb ac-Wm-\¥c Pohn-X-Øn\v icn-bmb kwkvImcw hfsc {][m-\-am-bn-cp-∂p

B. Hcp saskm-s]m-Øm--ay≥ im]-Øn-\p-Zm-l-c-Ww, ""`qan \ns‚ ihsØ kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°s´''

II. ]g-b-\n-baw

A. icn-bmb kwkvImcw AXn-{]-[m-\-amWv (H.-t\m. k`m. 6:3).

B. AXp hfsc thKw \S-Øn-bn-cp∂p (D-Zm. kmdm, Dev]. 23; dmtl¬, Dev]. 35:19; Bh. 21:23

ImWp-I)

C. icn-bmb coXn-bn-e-√mØ ih-kw-kvImcw \nc-k-\-Øn-s‚bpw ]m]-Øn-s‚bpw AS-bmfw

1. Bh¿Ø\w 28:26

2. sbi-ømhv 14:20

3. bnsc-aymhv 8:2; 22:19

D. km[y-sa-¶n¬ hoSn\p ]cn-k-c-Øp≈ IpSpw-_-iva-im-\-Øn¬ ih-a-S-°n-bn-cp-∂p.

E. an{k-bo-ay-sc-t∏mse kpK-‘-h¿§w C´n-cp-∂n-√. a\p-jy≥ s]mSn-bn¬ \n∂p h∂p, s]mSn-bn-

te°p aS-ßp∂p (D-Zm. Dev]. 3:19; k¶o. 103:14; 104:29).

F. d∫n sblq-Zm-a-X-Øn¬ ih-tØmSp _‘-s∏´ BNm-c-]-c-ambn Aip≤n F∂ k¶ev]w D≠m-

bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ ih-i-co-csØ icn-bm-b-\n-e-bn¬ BZ-cn-°p-∂-Xnt\m ssIImcyw sNøp-∂-Xnt\m

_p≤n-ap-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

III. ]pXnb\n-baw

A. ac-W-tijw DS≥Xs∂, km[m-c-W-bmbn Ccp-]Øn\mep aWn-°q-dn\p apºv kwkvImcw \S-

Øn-bn-cp-∂p. sblq-Z-∑m¿ aq∂p Znhkw hsc ih-°pgn \nco-£n-®n-cp-∂p. ImcWw, B ka-b-

Øn-\p-≈n¬ Bflm-hn\v ico-c-Øn-te°p aS-ßn-h-cm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp∂p F∂-h¿ hniz-kn-®n-

cp∂p (H.-t\m. tbml. 11:39).

B. icocw Ipfn-∏n®v kpK-‘-{Z-hy-ßƒ tN¿Øv XpWn-sIm≠p s]mXn-™n-cp∂p (H.-t\m. tbml.

11:44; 19:39˛40).

C. H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse ]e-kvXn-\n¬ sblq-Z\pw {InkvXym-\n°pw shtΔsd ih-kw-kvImc NS-

ßp-I-fn-√m-bn-cp∂p; {]tXyI hkvXp-°-sfm∂pw I√-d-bn¬ \nt£-]n-®n-cp-∂p-an-√.

tbml-∂m≥ 11:45˛46

45adnbbpsS ASp°¬ h∂ sblqZ∑mcn¬ ]ecpw, Ah≥ sNbvXXp I≠n´p Ah\n¬

hnizkn®p. 46F∂m¬ Nne¿ ]coi∑mcpsS ASp°¬ t]mbn tbip sNbvXXv AhtcmSv Adnbn®p.

11:45 ""sblq-Z-∑m-cn¬ ]ecpw Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn®p'' kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ hnjbw CXmWv (H.-t\m. 20:30˛31).

Cu {]tbmKw Bh¿Øn-®p-h-cp∂ H∂mWv (H.-t\m. 2:23; 7:31; 8:30; 10:42; 12:11,42). F¶nepw tbml-∂ms‚

kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ hnizm-k-Øn\v At\I Xe-ß-fp-s≠∂p F√m-bvt]mgpw AXp c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-a-

s√∂pw ho≠pw ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 2:23˛25; 8:30 apX¬). 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-

I.

198

11:46 ""Nne¿ ]co-i-∑m-cpsS ASp-°¬ t]mbn tbip sNbvXXp Ah-tcmSp Adn-bn-®p'' C{Xbpw hnkva-b-

I-c-amb D]-tZ-i-Øn-s‚bpw i‡n-tb-dnb A¤p-X-ß-fp-sSbpw \Sp-hnepw Bflob A‘-X-bp-sS Bgw

\sΩ A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. F¶nepw tbip F√m Iq -ß-sfbpw X∂n¬ B{i-bn-°p-∂-h-sc∂pw Xs∂-

°p-dn-®p≈ kXyw \nc-kn-°p-∂-h-sc-∂p-ap≈ c≠p KW-ambn hn`Pn°p-∂p. CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ i‡-amb

Hcp A¤pXw t]mepw hnizmkw Df-hm-°p-∂n√ (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 16:30˛31).

tbml-∂m≥ 11:47-˛53

47alm]ptcmlnX∑mcpw ]coi∑mcpw kwLw IqSn: \mw F¥p sNtø≠p? Cu a\pjy≥ hfsc

ASbmfßƒ sNøp∂pht√m. 48Ahs\ Cßs\ hn´b®m¬ F√mhcpw Ah\n¬ hnizkn°pw;

tdma°mcpw h∂p \ΩpsS ÿesØbpw P\sØbpw FSpØpIfbpw F∂p ]d™p. 49Ahcn¬

HcpØ≥, B kwh’csØ alm]ptcmlnX\mb Iø^mhp Xt∂, AhtcmSv: \nßƒ H∂pw

Adnbp∂n√; 50P\w apgph\pw \in®pt]mImXhÆw Hcp a\pjy≥ PmXn°p th≠n acn°p∂Xp

\∂p F∂p Hm¿°p∂Xpan√ F∂p ]d™p. 51Ah≥ CXp kzbambn ]d™X√, Xm≥ B

kwh’csØ alm]ptcmlnX≥ BIbm¬ P\Øn∂pth≠n tbip acn∏m≥ Ccn°p∂p F∂p

{]hNn®Xt{X. 52P\Øn∂p th≠n am{Xa√, NnXdnbncn°p∂ ssZha°sf H∂mbn tN¿t°≠

Xn∂pw Xt∂. 53A∂papX¬ Ah¿ Ahs\ sIm√phm≥ BtemNn®p.

11:47 ""alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-∑mcpw ]co-i-∑mcpw kwLw IqSn'' sbcq-i-te-an-ep≈ sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS ]c-tam-∂X

tImS-Xn-bmb k≥sl-{Zo-s\-bm-Wn-hnsS kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. CXn¬ 70 AwK-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. alm-]p-tcm-ln-

X-∑m¿ F∂p- ]-d-bp-∂Xv kZq-Iy¿ F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ cmjv{So-b, aX t\Xm-°-fm-Wv. Ah¿ tamsi-bpsS

]pkvX-I-ßƒ am{Xta AwKo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p≈q. ]p\-cp-∞m-\sØ \ntj-[n-®n-cp-∂p. IqSp-X¬ P\-{]o-Xn-

bm¿÷n® aX-hm-Zn-I-fmb ]co-i-∑m¿ (1) ]g-b-\n-baw apgp-h-\pw, (2) ZqX-∑m-cpsS ip{iqj, (3) ac-Wm-\-¥c

PohnXw F∂nhbn¬ hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p. ]c-kv]cw i{Xp-°-fmb Cu Iq´¿ GXp e£y-Øn\pwth≠n H∂n-

®p-Iq-Sp-∂Xv B›-cy-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1:24 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ]co-i-∑m¿ ImWp-I. 3:1 se {]tXyI

]T-\-hn-jbw: k≥sl-{Zn≥ kwLw ImWp-I.

� ""Cu a\p-jy≥ hfsc AS-bm-f-ßƒ sNøp-∂p-ht√m'' tbip-hns\ ""Cu a\p--jy≥'' F∂p hnfn-°p-

∂Xv Ahs‚ t]cp ]d-bmsX Ahs\ hne-Ip-d®p ImWn°p-∂-Xm-Wv. emk-dns\ Dbn¿∏n-®-Xp-t]msebp≈

C{X henb Hcp A¤pXw sNbvXn´pw Ah-cpsS ap≥hn[n Ah-cpsS IÆp-Isf ]msS Ipcp-Sm°n If™p

F∂-Xv -B-›-cy-I-c-am-bn-cn°p∂p (H.-t\m. 2 sImcn. 4:4).

11:48 ""hnt -®m¬'' {Inbm-flI {]hr-Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ {]Ya ]pcpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv.

� ""F√mhcpw Ah-\n¬ hnizkn°pw'' Akq-bbpw ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hntbm-Pn-∏p-am-bn-cp-∂p tbip-

hns\ Ah¿ hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-s‚bpw `b-s∏-´-Xn-s‚bpw Imc-Ww. ""F√m-hcpw'' F∂-Xn¬ ia-cycpw

PmXn-Ifpw (H.t\m. 10:16) Dƒs∏- n-cn-°mw. Ah-cpsS `b-Øn\v Hcp cmjv{So-b-h-ihpw D≠m-bn-cp∂p (A-Xm.

tdma≥ B[n-]-Xyw).

� ""tdma-°mcpw h∂p \ΩpsS ÿe-sØbpw P\-sØbpw FSp-Øp-I-fbpw'' tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-

Ønse sshcp-≤ym-flI {]h-N-\-ß-fn-sem-∂m-WnXv; ImcWw F.-Un. 70 ¬ tdma≥ P\-d¬ XosØm-kns‚

(]n∂oSv N{I-h¿Øn) Iogn¬ CXv A£-cm¿∞Øn¬ \nd-th-dn.

F∂nh hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p. ]c-kv]cw i{Xp-°-fmb Cu Iq´¿ GXp ejy-Øn\pw th≠n H∂n-®p-Iq-Sp-∂Xv

B›-cy-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1:24 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: ]co-i-∑m¿ ImWp-I. 3:1 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw:

k≥sl-{Zn≥ kwLw ImWp-I.

tdma≥ B[n-]Xyw F∂ cmjv{Sob bmYm¿∞yw sblq-Zs‚ A¥y-Ime {]Xo-£-bpsS Ahn- m-Py-L-S-I-

am-bn-cp-∂p. tdman¬ \n∂pw Xßsf hnSp-hn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-sc-t∏mse Hcp

aX, -ssk-\nI hy‡nsb ssZhw Ab-bv°p-sa-∂-h¿ hniz-kn-®p. Cu {]Xo£ \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xn-\mbn ainlm

F∂p \Sn®v At\-I¿ ]e-kvXo-\n¬ hnπhw Bcw- n-®n-cp-∂p.

Xs‚ cmPyw sFln-Itam cmjv{So-btam Bb hmgvN As√∂pw (H.-t\m. 18:36), `mhn-bn¬ temIw apgp-h\pw

hym]n-°p∂ Bflob `c-W-am-sW∂pw tbip Ah-Im-i-s∏´p (A-Xm. shfn-∏m-Sv). Xm≥ ]gb \nb-a-Øns‚

\nhr-Øn-bm-sW-∂-h≥ Ah-Im-i-s∏- p. F∂m-eXv B£-cn-I-ambtXm sblq-Z-\ntem {]mtZ-inI Xe-Øntem

HXpßn \n¬°p-∂tXm A√. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ Ahs‚ ImesØ `qcn-]£w sblq-Z-∑m-cmepw Ah≥

X≈-s∏-´p.

11:49 ""B kwh-’-csØ alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\mb Iø-^mhv'' alm-]p-tcm-lnX ]Zhn Xe-ap-d-I-fn-te°p

ssIam-dp-∂Xpw BPoh-\m¥w hln-t°-≠-Xp-am-bn-´mWv ÿm]n-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂-sX-¶nepw (H.-t\m. ]pd. 28),

tdma-°m¿ B[n-]Xyw ÿm]n-®-tXmsS Henhpae-bnepw ssZhm-eb ]cn-k-c-Øp-ap≈ hmWn-Py-em`w

199

ap≥\n¿Øn G‰hpw IqSnb XpI hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂-h¿°v \¬In-Øp-S-ßn. Iø- mhv F.-Un. 18˛36 hsc

alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\m-bn-cp∂p (F.-Un. 6 apX¬ 15 hsc alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\m-bn-cp∂ l∂m-hns‚ acp-a-I-\m-bn-

cp∂p Iø- m-hv).

11:50˛52 tbml-∂ms‚ sshcp-≤ym-flI {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS as‰mcpZml-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. Iø- mhv kphn-tijw

{]kw-Kn-°p∂p!

11:50 ""Hcp a\p-jy≥ PmXn-°p-th≠n acn-°p-∂Xp \∂v'' CXns‚ ]g-b-\n-ba ]›m-Øew ""kaq-l-]cw''

F∂ sblq-Z-ho-£-W-am-Wv. Hcp hy‡n°v (\-√-h-\m-bmepw ZpjvS-\m-bm-epw) apgp-h≥ t]scbpw kzm[o-

\n°phm≥ Ignbpw (D-Zm.- BZmw/lΔ; BJm≥). Cu Bi-bw, -bm-K-kw-hn-[m-\sØ, {]tXy-In®v cmjv{S-

Øns‚ ]m]sØ Hcp \njvI-f¶ arKw hln-°p∂ alm- ]m-]-]-cn-lm-c-Zn-\sØ (te-hy. 16) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-

Xmbn amdn. CXmWv sbi-ømhv 53 \p ]n∂nse ain-sslI k¶-ev]w. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ tdma. 5:12˛21 se

BZmw/{InkvXp F∂ \ngepw s]mcpfpw Cu Bi-bsØ {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂p.

11:51

NASB, REV, NET ""tbip acn-°m≥ t]mIp∂p F∂v''

NKJV, NIV, REB ""tbip acn-°pw F∂v''

NRSV ""tbip-a-cn-t®°pw F∂v''

NJB ""tbip acn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv F∂v''

NIDOTTE, Vol 1, p. 326 ¬ sat√m (""th-Ww,'' ""sNbvtX aXn-bmIq'' ""Xo¿®-bmbp-w'') F∂ ]Zw {InkvXphns‚

hos≠Sp-∏n≥ {]hr-Øn-bn-ep≈ ssZth-jvS-sØ-°p-dn®p kqNn-∏n-°p∂-Xn\v D]tbmKn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v

\s√mcp hni-Zo-I-cWw \¬Ip-∂p-≠v.

1. a¿s°mkv 10:30

2. aØmbn 17:22

3. eqs°mkv 9:3,44; 24:21; {]hr-. 26:33

4. tbml-∂m≥ 7:39; 11:51; 12:33; 14:22; 18:32

bqZm-bpsS ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-°-ens‚ A\n-hm-cy-X-sb-°p-dn®pw CXp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v.

1. eqs°mkv 22:23

2. tbml-∂m≥ 6:71; 12:4

As∏m-kvXe {]hr-Øn-I-fn¬ CXv {]h-N\ \nhr-Ønsb ImWn-°phm≥ eqs°mkv D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p ({]-

hr. 11:28; 24:15; 26:22). hos≠-Sp-∏n≥ kw -h-ß-sf√mw Xs∂ ssZh-Øn-s‚- I-c-ß-fn-emWv (H.-t\m. {]hr.

2:23; 3:18; 4:28; 13:29).

11:52 ""NnX-dn-bn-cn-°p∂ ssZh-a-°sf H∂m-bn´p tN¿t°-≠-Xn\pw Xt∂'' 10:16 \p kam-¥-c-amb, tbml-

∂ms‚ Hcp ]{Xm-[n] Ipdn-∏m-Wn-sX∂p tXm∂p∂p. CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv:

1. ]e-kvXo\p shfn-bn¬ ]m¿°p∂ sblq-Z-∑m¿

2. ia-cy-sc-t∏m-se-bp≈ A¿≤˛sblq-Z¿

3. PmXn-Iƒ

aq∂m-a-tØ-XmWp IqSp-X¬ A\p-tbm-Pyw. GXm-bmepw, tbip-hns‚ acWw ""hniz-kn-°p∂'' a\p-jy-k-aq-

lsØ H∂m-°n-Øo¿°pw.

11:53 ""A∂papX¬ Ah¿ Ahs\ sIm√p-hm≥ Btem-Nn®p'' tbml-∂m-\n¬ Bh¿Øn-®p-Im-Wp∂ hnj-

b-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. 5:18; 7:19; 8:59; 10:39; 11:8).

tbml-∂m≥ 11:54

54AXpsIm≠p tbip sblqZ∑mcpsS CSbn¬ ]ns∂ ]ckyambn \S°msX AhnSw hn´p

acp`qan°cnsI, F{^bow F∂ ]´WØnte°p hmßn, injy∑mcpambn AhnsS ]m¿Øp.

11:54 ""AXp-sIm≠v tbip sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ ]ns∂ ]c-ky-ambn \S-°msX'' aX-t\-Xm-°-fp-

ambn kw`m-jn-°m-\p≈ tbip-hns‚ Ah-km\ {ia-amWv tbml. 12.

""]c-ky-ambn'' F∂p tbml-∂m-\n¬ X¿÷a sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ ]ZØns‚ (H.-t\m. 7:26; 11:54; 18:20)

km[m-cW A¿∞w ""\n¿ -b-ambn'' F∂m-Wv. 7:4 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

� ""F{^bow F∂ ]´Ww'' ia-cy-bnse s_tY-en\p kao]w ÿnXn-sN-bvXn-cp∂ ] -W-amIpw CXv (H.-

t\m. 2 Zn\. 13:19).

200

tbml-∂m≥ 11:55-˛57

55sblqZ∑mcpsS s]kl ASpØncn°bm¬, ]ecpw Xßƒ°p ip≤nhcpØphm≥ s]ksl

°p apsº \m´n¬ \n∂p sbcqiteante°p t]mbn. 56Ah¿ tbiphns\ At\zjn®p ssZhmeb

Øn¬ \n∂psIm≠p: F¥p tXm∂p∂p? Ah≥ s]cp\mƒ°p hcnIbn√tbm F∂p XΩn¬

]d™p. 57F∂m¬ alm]ptcmlnX∑mcpw ]coi∑mcpw Ahs\ ]nSnt°Ww F∂psh®p Ah≥

Ccn°p∂ CSw Bsc¶nepw Adn™m¬ Adnhp XtcWsa∂p Iev]\ sImSpØncp∂p.

11:55˛57 Cu hmIy-ß-ƒ 11,12 A≤ym-b-ßsf Iq´nbn-W-°p-∂p.

11:55 ""Xßƒ°p ip≤n hcp-Øp-hm≥'' s]k-lm-bpsS Hcp-°-am-bp-≈ -B-Nm-c-]-c-amb ip≤o-I-cW NS-ßn-

s\-bm-WnXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. tbip F{X-Imew ]e-kvXo-\n¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw {]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw ip{iq-

jn-°p-I-bpw- sNbvXp F∂Xv Ct∏mgpw Hcp- X¿° hnj-b-am-Wv. Ht∂m ct≠m h¿jw F∂p tXm∂-Ø°

\ne-bn-emWv ka-ho-£W kphn-ti-j-ßƒ Fgp-X-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ tbml-∂m-\n¬ At\I s]k-

l-Iƒ (hm¿jnI s]cp-∂mƒ) ImWmw. aqs∂Æw IrXy-ambn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw (H.-t\m. 2:13; 6:14; 11:55)

sNbvXn- p--≠v. 5:1 ¬ \mem-a-sXm-∂n-s\-°p-dn®v kqN\ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

11:57 tbml-∂m-s‚ as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n-]- Ip-dn-∏m-Wn-Xv.









1. tbip F¥p-sIm-≠mWv emk¿ acn-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-®Xv?

2. Bsc Dt±-in-®m-bn-cp∂p B A¤pXw \S-Øn-bXv?

3. ]p\-cp-∞m\hpw ]p\¿Po-hn-∏n-°epw XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw F¥mWv?

4. emk-dns‚ Dbn¿∏v sblqZ {]am-Wn-Isf Akz-ÿ-cm-°n-b-sX-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv?

201



t_Ym-\y-bnse t_Ym-\y-bnse t_Ym-\y-bnse tbip t_Ym\y t_Ym-\y-bnse

ssXew-]q-i¬ ssXew-]q-i¬ ssXew-]q-i¬ bn¬sh®v A`ntj ssXew-]q-i¬

Iw sNø-s∏-Sp∂p

12:1˛8 12:1˛8 12:1˛8 12:1˛6 12:1˛8

12:7˛8

emk-dn-s\-Xn-cmb emk-dns\ sIm√m emk-dn-s\-Xn-cmb

KqVm-tem-N\ \p≈ KqVm-tem-N\ KqVm-tem-N\

12:9˛11 12:9˛11 12:9˛11 12:9˛11 12:9˛11

sbcq-i-te-an-te°p hnPb {]th-i\w Cu¥-∏\ Rmb¿ sbcq-i-te-an-te°p ainlm sbcqi

≈ hnPb ≈ hnPb tean-te°p

{]th-i\w {]th-i\w {]th-in-°p∂p

12:12- 19 12:12- 19 12:12- 19 12:12- 13 12:12- 19

12:14

12:15

12:16

12:17

12:18- 19

Nne bh-\¿ ^e-{]-Z-amb tbip-hns‚ ]cky Nne bh-\¿ tbip Xs‚ acW

tbip-hns\ tKmX-ºp-aWn ip{iqj Xocp∂p tbip-hns\ hpw XpS¿∂p≈

At\z-jn-°p∂p At\z-jn-°p∂p al-Xzo-I-c-Whpw

ap∂-dn-bn-°p∂p

12:20-˛26 12:20-˛26 12:20-˛26 12:20-˛21 12:20-˛28a12:22-˛26

a\p-jy-]p-{X≥ tbip Xs‚ tbip Xs‚

Db¿Ø-s∏-tS≠ {Iqip-a-cWw ac-W-sØ°pdn®p

XmIp∂p ap∂-dn-bn-°p∂p kwkm-cn-°p∂p

12:27-˛36a 12:27-˛36 12:27-˛36a 12:27-˛28a12:28b 12:28b12:29 12:29-˛32

12:30-˛33

12:33-˛36a12:34

12:35˛36asblq-Z-∑m-cpsS Rßƒ tIƒ∏n P\-Øns‚

Ahn-izmkw ®Xv B¿ hnizkn Ahn-izmkw

®ncn-°p∂p?

12:36b-˛43 12:36b-˛43 12:36b-˛38 12:36bD]-kw-lmcw:

sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS

Ahn-izmkw-

12:37˛41 12:37˛38

12:39˛40 12:39˛40

12:41 12:41

shfn-®-Øn¬ 12:42˛43 12:42˛50

\S-∏n≥

tbip-hns‚ hN\ 12:42-˛50 tbip-hns‚ hN\

Ømep≈ Ømep≈

\ymb-hn[n \ymb-hn[n

12:44˛50 12:44˛50 12:44˛50

202














4. BZnbmbh


A. \mep kphn-ti-j-ß-fpw- Hcp kv{Xo tbip-hns\ ssXew ]qip∂ kw`hw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v.

AXn-\m¬ Cu kw`hw kphn-ti-j -c-N-bn-Xm-°sf kw_-‘n®v {]m[m-\y-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p F∂p

IcpXmw. F¶nepw a¿s°m. 14:3˛9; aØm. 26:6˛13, tbml. 12:2˛8 F∂o `mK-ßƒ Ahsf emk-

dns‚ ktlm-Z-cn-bmb t_Ym-\y-bnse adnb F∂p ]cn-N-b-s∏SpØp-tºmƒ eqs°m. 7:36˛50 Ahsf

Keo-e-bnse ]m]n-\n-bmb kv{Xo Bbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.

B. A[ymbw 12 ¬ tbip-hns‚ ]cky ip{iqj Ah-km-\n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. hm. 29). sblqZ {]am-Wn-

Isf hnizm-k-Øn-te-°p -sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn-\mbn Ah≥ ho≠pw ho≠pw {ian-®p. A. 11, sbcp-

itew \K-c-hm-kn-Isf hnizm-k-Øn-te°p sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ahs‚ {ia-am-bn-cp-∂p.

C. Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬ A©p-Iq´w Bfp-Isf ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p-≠v.

1. emk-dns‚ Db¿∏n\p km£yw hln® ]pcp-jmcw, hm. 17

2. sbcq-i-te-an¬ \n∂p≈ ]pcp-jmcw, hm. 9

3. s]k-lbv°p h∂ ]pcp-jmcw, hm. 12,18,29,34

4. PmXn-I-fpsS Hcp Iq´w, hm. 20

5. Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn® {]am-Wn-am-cpsS Hcp Iq´w, hm. 42

tbml-∂m≥ 12:1˛6

1tbip acn®hcn¬\n∂p Dbn¿∏n® emk¿ ]m¿Ø s_Ym\ybnte°p, tbip s]ksl°p

BdpZnhkw apsº h∂p. 2AhnsS Ah¿ Ah∂p Hcp AØmgw Hcp°n; am¿Ø ip{iqj sNbvXp,

emktcm Aht\mSpIqsS ]¥nbn¬ Ccp∂hcn¬ Hcph≥ Bbncp∂p. 3At∏mƒ adnb hnetbdnb

kz—PSmamwknssXew Hcp dmØ¬ FSpØp tbiphns‚ Imen¬ ]qin Xs‚ XeapSnsIm≠p

Im¬ Xph¿Øn; ssXeØns‚ skuc`yw sIm≠p hoSp \nd™p. 4F∂m¬ Ahs‚ injy∑mcn¬

HcpØ\mbn, Ahs\ ImWn®psImSp∏m\p≈ bqZm CukvItcymØmhp: 5Cu ssXew ap∂qdp

sh≈n°min\p hn‰p Zcn{Z∑m¿°p sImSp°m™Xp F¥p F∂p ]d™p. 6CXp Zcn{Z∑msc°pdn®p

hnNmcw D≠mbn´√, Ah≥ I≈≥ BIsIm≠pw ]W ©n Xs‚ ]°¬ BIbm¬ AXn¬

C´Xp FSpØph∂XpsIm≠pw At{X ]d™Xp. 7tbipthm: Ahsf hnSpI; Fs‚ ihkwkvImc

ZnhkØn∂mbn Ahƒ CXp kq£n®p F∂ncn°s´. 8Zcn{Z∑m¿ \nßƒ°p F√mbvt∏mgpw ASp

°¬ D≠t√m; Rm≥ F√mbvt∏mgpw ASp°¬ C√Xm\pw F∂p ]d™p.

12:1 ""s]k-sl°p Bdp Znhkw apsº'' aØm 26:2 ¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp Ime-K-W\m {Ia-am-Wn-

Xv. kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ {]mY-anI e£yw Ime-K-W-\-b-√, adn®v tbiphns‚ Bf-Xzhpw {]hr-Ønbpw {]Xn-

-en-∏n-°p∂ {]mXn-\n[y {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I-bm-sW∂ Imcyw Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv. kphn-ti-

j-ßƒ Poh-N-cn-{X-ß-f-√, adn®v e£ywsh®n-cn-°p∂ kaq-l-ßƒ°p≈ kphn-tij enJn-X-ß-fm-Wv.

203

12:2 ""Ah¿'' CXv t_Ym-\y-bnse \nhm-kn-Isf Bbn-cn°mw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. emk-dns\ Dbn¿∏n-®-Xns‚

_lp-am-\m¿∞w Ah¿ tbip-hn\pw Ahs‚ injy-∑m¿°pw AØm-g-sam-cp°n. F¶nepw aØm. 26:6 ¬

CXv IpjvT-tcm-Kn-bmb iotams‚ hoń-emWv \S-∂-Xv.

12:3 ""dmØ¬'' tdma≥ ]u≠ns\ ˛ AXm-bXv 12 Hu¨kv ˛ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ eØo≥ ]Z-am-Wn-Xv. adn-b-bpsS

hnhml kv{Xo[-\-am-bn-cn°mw Cu hne-tb-dnb kpK-‘-{Z-hyw. Ahn-hm-ln-X-I-fmb At\I kv{XoIƒ

CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ kpK-‘-{Zhyw sNdnb ]m{X-ß-fn-em°n Igp-Øn¬ Xq°n-bn-SpI ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p.

�

NASB ""hfsc hne-Iq-Sn-b ]-cn-ip≤ PS-amwkn Hcp dmØ¬''

NKJV ""hfsc hne-bp≈ PS-amw-kn-bpsS ssXew Hcp dmØ¬''

NRSV ""]cn-ip≤ PSm-amw-kn-bn¬ \n∂p-≠m-°nb Hcp dmØ¬ hne-tb-dnb kpK-‘-ssXew''

TEV ""]cn-ip≤ PSm-amw-kn-bn¬ \n∂p-≠m-°nb hneIqSnb ssXe-Øns‚ Hcp apgp-h≥ ]m{Xw''

NJB ""hne-tb-dnb ssXew, ]cn-ip≤ PS-amwkn Hcp dmØ¬''

\ma-hn-ti-j-WsØ kw_-‘n®v [mcmfw hni-Zo-I-c-W-ß-fp-≈Xv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv: (1) ]cn-ip-≤-am-bXv;

(2) {Zmh-I-cq-]-Øn-ep-≈Xv; (3) Hcp ÿe-\maw F∂ \ne-bn-emImw. hfsc hne-bp≈ kpK‘hkvXp-hmb

lnam-e-b≥ thcn¬ \n∂mWv ssXew \n¿Ωn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. (see James M Freeman, Manners and Customs ofthe Bible, pp. 379-380).

� ""tbip-hns‚ Imen¬ ]qin'' CtX kw -h-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂ a‰p kphn-ti-j-ß-fnse hnh-c-W-ß-

fn¬ (Hcp ]s£ emk-dns\ Db¿∏n-®-Xn-\p≈ adn-b-bpsS \μn-{]-Im-i\w, hm. 2) kv{Xo Ahs‚ Xe-bn¬

]qip-∂-Xm-bn- mWp ImWp-∂-Xv. adnb Ahs‚ icocw apgp-h\pw ssXew ]qin-bn-cn-°mw ˛ Ahs‚ Xe-

apX¬ Im¬ hsc. Ahs‚ Im¬ {]Z¿in-∏n°-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw Ah≥ Dbcw Ipd™ tai-bn¬

CSXp ssIap v Du∂n Nmcn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂p Icp-Xmw.

tbml-∂ms‚ Zzbm¿∞ kqN-\-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wn-Xv. Cu kpK-‘-{Zhyw Ahs‚ ico-csØ kwkvIm-c-

Øn-\pth≠n Hcp-°phm\p-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xm-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. 19:40). Xs‚ Bk-∂-amb ac-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

tbip-hns‚ ktμiw injy-∑m-sc-°mƒ \∂mbn adnb a\- n-em-°n-bn- p-≠m-IWw (H.-t\m. hm. 7). 11:2 se

]T-\-hn-jbw: A`n-tjIw ImWp-I.

� ""ssXe-Øns‚ kuc`yw sIm≠p hoSp \nd™p'' \s√mcp ZrIvkm£n (]-{Xm-[n]) hnh-cWw. B

\nanjw tbml-∂m≥ \∂mbn Hm¿°p∂p!

12:4 ""bqZm CukvI-tcym-Ømhv'' ""CukvI-tcym-Ømhv'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ hyp¬]Øn kw_-‘n®v c≠p

km[y-X-I-fp-≠v. (1) sblq-Z-bnse Hcp ]´Ww (tbmiph. 15:25 se sIcn-tbm-Øv) As√-¶n¬ (2) ""sIme-]m-

X-In-bpsS IØn'' F∂Xn-\p≈ ]Zw. kIe kphn-tij cN-bn-Xm-°-fnepwsh®v bqZm-sb-°p-dn®v \ninX-

amb hm°p-I-fmWp tbml-∂m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 6). 6:70˛71 se hni-Zo-I-c-W-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ

ImWp-I.

� ""ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-∏m-\p≈'' as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n-]-°p-dn-∏v. Cu ]Z-Øn\v km[m-c-W-bmbn Cu [z\n-bn-√.

AXns‚ B£-cn-Im¿∞w ""ssIam-dpI'' As√-¶n¬ \oXn-\ymb A¿∞-Øn¬ ""Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI As√-

¶n¬ ""Hcp Imcyw as‰m-cp-hs\ `c-ta¬∏n-°pI'' F∂p am{X-am-Wv. 18:2 se hni-Zo-I-c-W-°p-dn∏p ImWp-I.

12:5 ""ap∂qdp sh≈n-°miv'' Hcp ]S-bm-fn-bpsS As√-¶n¬ Iqen-°m-cs‚ Znh-k-th-X-\-amWv Hcp sh≈n-

°m-iv. AXn-\m¬ CXv GXm≠v Hcp h¿jsØ thX-\-am-Wv.

12:6 as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n] A`n-{]mbw. at‰-sXmcp kphn-ti-j-sØ-°m-fp-ap-]cn tbml-∂m≥ bqZmsb Ip‰-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂p-≠v.

�

NASB, NKJV ""]W-s∏ń''

NRSV ""s]mXp ]W-k©n''

TEV ""]W-k©n''

NJB ""s]mXp-^≠v''

]Z-Øn-\¿∞w ""sNdn-b- s-]ń'' F∂m-Wv. kwKoX⁄¿ Xß-fpsS hmtZym-]-I-cWw sIm≠p-\-S-°p-∂-

Xn-\p≈ s]ń-bm-W-Xv.

� ""AXn¬ C´Xp FSpØph∂-Xp-sIm-≠pw'' {Ko°p ]Z-Øn-\¿∞w ""hln-°pI'' F∂m-Wv. c≠p

hyXykvX A¿∞-Øn¬- A-Xp-]tbmKn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p: (1) s]ń Ah≥ Npa-∂n-cp∂p. (2) s]ń-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-

∂Xv Ah≥ FSp-Øp-am-‰nbncp∂p. Cu {]kvXm-h\ A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv, hm. 5 ¬ ImWp∂ Zcn-{Z-tcm-Sp≈

bqZm-bpsS Icp-X¬, ]Ww tamjvSn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ahs‚ Hgn-I-gnhp am{X-am-bn-cp∂p F∂m-Wv.

204

12:7 CsXmcp Akm-[m-cW hmIy-am-Wv. Cu HuZm-cy-Øn-s‚bpw `‡n-bp-sSbpw {]I-S-\sØ Hcp-hs‚ ih-

kw-kvIm-c-Øn¬ sNøp∂ I¿Ω-ßƒ°p Xpey-am-°p-I-bm-Wn-hnsS sNøp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 19:40). tbml-∂ms‚

as‰mcp {]mh-N-\nI {]kvXm-h-\-bm-Wn-Xv.

12:8 ""Zcn-{Z-∑m¿ \nßƒ°v F√m-bvt∏mgpw ASps° D≠t√m'' CXv Bh. 15:4,11 t\mSp _‘-s∏- -Xm-Wv.

Zcn-{Z-∑msc hne-Ip-d®p ImWn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈ Hcp {]kvXm-h-\-b-√ CXv, adn®v tbip-hn-ep≈ ain-sslI

km∂n-[ysØ Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂-XmWv (H.-t\m. hm. 35; 7:33; 9:4). Zcn-{Z-∑m-cpsS Ah-Im-ihpw Ahsc kwc-£n-

t°≠ Iev]-\-Ifpw AS-ßn-bn´p≈ ]uckvXy kmln-Xy-ß-fn¬ AXpey ÿm\-amWv ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-\p-

≈-Xv.

tbml-∂m≥ 12:9˛11

9Ah≥ AhnsS Ds≠∂p Adn™n´p sblqZ∑mcpsS Hcp henb ]pcpjmcw tbiphns‚

\nanØw am{Xa√, Ah≥ acn®hcn¬\n∂p Db¿∏n® emksd Im◊m\mbn´pw IqsS h∂p. 10Ah≥

tlXphmbn At\Iw sblqZ∑m¿ sN∂p 11tbiphn¬ hnizkn°bm¬ emksdbpw sImt√Ww

F∂p alm]ptcmlnX∑m¿ BtemNn®p.

12:9 ""Ah≥ AhnsS Ds≠∂p Adn™n´p sblqZ∑mcpsS Hcp henb ]pcpjmcw'' tbml-∂m-\n¬

""sblq-Z-∑m¿'' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ Hcp Akm-[m-cW D]-tbm-K-am-Wn-Xv. km[m-c-W-bmbn Cu ]Zw tbip-

hns\ FXn¿°p∂ aX-t\-Xm-°-sf-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. F¶nepw 11:19,45; 12:17 hmIy-ß-fn¬ CXv emk-

dns‚ kvt\ln-Xcpw Ahs‚ ih-kw-kvIm-c-Øn¬ kw_-‘n-°m-s\-Øn-b-h-cp-amb sbcqitew \K-c-hm-kn-

I-sf-bmWp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

12:10 ""emk-sdbpw sImt√Ww F∂p alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-∑m¿ Btem-Nn®p'' Ah¿°p sXfnhp \in-∏n-°-

W-am-bn-cp-∂p. `bhpw (H.-t\m. 18:48) Akq-bbpw (H.-t\m. 11:48; 12:11) Bbn-cp∂p AXn-\-hsc t{]cn-∏n-®-Xv.

tbip-hns‚ Dbn¿∏n-°¬ {]hrØn H‰-s∏´ A]q¿Δ kw -h-am-sW-∂-h¿ Nn¥n-®n-cn-°-Ww. Cu sblq-

Z-t\-Xm-°-fpsS A‘-Xbpw ap≥hn-[nbpw hoWpt]mb a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ A‘-Im-csØ {]Xn-^-en-∏n-

°p-∂p.

12:11 CXv 11:45 t\mSp _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: tbml-∂m-\n¬ ""hnizkn-°pI''

F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ D]-tbmKw ImWp-I.

tbml-∂m≥ 12:12-˛19

12]nt‰∂p s]cp∂mƒ°p ht∂mcp henb ]pcpjmcw tbip sbcqiteante°p hcp∂p F∂p

tIń´p 13CuØ∏\bpsS IpcptØme FSpØpsIm≠p Ahs\ FXntcev]m≥ sN∂p: tlmi∂m,

bn{kmtbens‚ cmPmhmbn I¿Ømhns‚ \maØn¬ hcp∂h≥ hmgvØs∏´h≥ F∂p B¿Øp.14tbip Hcp sNdnb IgpXsb I≠n´p AXnt∑¬ Ibdn; 15""kotbm≥]p{Xo, `bs∏tS≠m; CXm,

\ns‚ cmPmhp IgpX°pń∏pdØp Ibdnhcp∂p'' F∂p FgpXnbncn°p∂Xpt]mse Xt∂. 16CXp

Ahs‚ injy∑m¿ BZnbn¬ {Kln®n√; tbiphn\p tXPkvIcWw h∂tijw Ahs\°pdn®p

Cßs\ FgpXnbncn°p∂p F∂pw Xßƒ Ah∂p Cßs\ sNbvXp F∂pw Ah¿°p Hm¿Ω

h∂p. 17Ah≥ emksd I√dbn¬ \n∂p hnfn®p acn®hcn¬\n∂p Fgpt∂ev]n®t∏mƒ Aht\mSp

IqsS D≠mbncp∂ ]pcpjmcw km£yw ]d™p. 18Ah≥ Cu ASbmfw sNbvX{]Imcw ]pcpjmcw

tIń´p Ahs\ FXntc‰psN∂p. 19BIbm¬ ]coi∑m¿ XΩn¬ XΩn¬: \ap°p H∂pw km[n°p

∂n√t√m; temIw Ahs‚ ]n∂mse Bbnt∏mbn F∂p ]d™p.

12:12˛19 tbip-hns‚ sbcq-itew hnP-b-{]-th-i\sØ°pdn-®p≈ tbml-∂ms‚ hn-hc-W-am-Wn-Xv H.-t\m.

aØm. 21:11; a¿s°m. 11:1˛11; eqs°m. 19:29˛38).

12:12 ""s]cp-∂mƒ°p ht∂mcp henb ]pcp-jmcw'' sblqZm]pcp-j-∑m¿ \n›-b-ambpw kw_-‘n-t°-≠n-

bn-cp∂ aq∂p s]cp-∂mfpIƒ D≠m-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. ]pd. 23:14˛17; tehy. 23; Bh. 16:16). ]e-kvXo\p shfn-

bn¬ ]m¿Øn-cp∂ (U-bm-kvt]m-d) sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS Pohn-Xm- n-em-j-am-bn-cp-∂p sbcq-i-te-anse Hcp s]cp-

∂m-fn¬ kw_-‘n°pI F∂-Xv. Cu s]cp-∂mƒ ka-b-ß-fn¬ sbcqi-te-anse P\-kwJy A©n-c- n-bmbn

h¿≤n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn®p tIƒ°p-Ibpw ImWm-\m-{K-ln-°p-Ibpw sNbvX (H.-t\m. 11:56)

BImw-£m- -cn-X-cmb hen-sbm-cp -Iq´w Xo¿∞m-S-I-sc-bmWv Cu {]tbmKw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

12:23 ""CuØ-∏-\-bpsS Ipcp-tØme'' ]\-ss¶°p≈ Akm-[m-c-W-am-sbmcp {Ko°p ]Z-am-Wn-Xv.- Nn-e¿

205

hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv Hcp ImeØv Hen-hp-a-e-bpsS Ncn-hn¬ CuØ-∏\ hf¿∂n-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv (A-Xm. sPmko-

-kv). a‰p- Nn-e¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv CXv sbcotlm-hn¬ \n∂pw sIm≠p-h-∂-Xm-sW-∂m-Wv. hnP-b-Øns‚ AS-bm-

f-am-bn- m-Wh \ne-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. shfn. 7:9). F√m h¿jhpw IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂m-fnepw (H.-t\m. tehy.

23:40), s]klm s]cp-∂m-fnepw (a-°m_y Ime-L- -Øn¬ Bcw- n® ]mc-ºcyw) Ah D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p.

� ""B¿Øp'' B£cnI-am-bn, ""B¿°p-hm≥ XpSßn'' (1) `qX-Im-e-Øn¬ Bh¿Øn-°p∂ kw`hw As√-

¶n¬ (2) `qX-Im-e-Øn¬ \S∂ kw`hØns‚ Bcw`w F∂-Xns\ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂ A]q¿W-Im-e-am-

Wn-Xv.

� ""tlmi∂m'' ]Z-Øn-\¿∞w, ""Ct∏mƒ c£n°'' As√-¶n¬ ""Zb-hmbn c£n°'' (H.-t\m. k¶o. 118:25˛26).

s]klm ka-bØv ssZhm-e-b-Øn-te°p t]mIp∂ Xo¿∞m-S-I¿ lnt√¬ k¶o¿Ø-\-ßƒ (H.-t\m. k¶o.

113˛118). Be-]n®psIm≠mWp \S-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. Cu {]hr-Øn-Ifpw hmN-I-ßfpw F√m h¿jhpw s]klm

s]cp-∂m-fn¬ Bh¿Øn-®n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu {]tXyI h¿jw Ah-c-Xns‚ BXy-¥nI A¿∞w tbip-

hn¬ I≠p! ]pcp-jmcw AXp a\- n-em-°n. ]co-i-∑m¿ AX-dn-™p.

� ""I¿Øm-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬ hcp-∂-h≥'' CXp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p tbip Ah-Im-i-s∏- n-cp-∂-Xpw. Ah≥

Ab-bv°-s∏- -h-\mWv! Ah≥ btlm-hsb {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-®p.

�

NASB ""bn{km-tb-ens‚ cmPm-hm-bn-''

NKJV, NRSV,TEV, NJB ""bn{km-tb-ens‚ cmPmhv''

Cu {]tbmKw k¶o¿Ø-\-Øns‚ `mK-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p, P\w Iq´n-t®¿Ø-Xm-Wv. 2 iaq. 7 ¬ hmKvZØw

sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ ain-sslI cmPm-hmbn tbip-hns\ Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-I-bm-Wn-sX∂p tXm∂p∂p (H.-t\m. 1:49;

19:19).

12:14 ""Hcp sNdnb IgpX'' bn{km-tb¬ cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS cmP-Iob, ssk\nI hml-\-ar-K-am-bn-cp∂p IgpX

(H.-t\m. 1 cmPm. 1:33,38,44). cmPm-hns‚ Igp-X-∏p-dØv a‰mcpw Ib-dp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Hcn-°epw

Bcpw Ib-dn-bn- n-√mØ Igp-X-bpsS ]pdØv tbip Ib-dn-bXv hfsc {]m[m\yap≈ kwK-Xn-bmWv (H.-t\m.

a¿s°m. 11:2).

12:14˛15 ""F∂p Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse'' skJ. 9:9 ¬ \n∂p≈ D≤-c-Wn-bm-WnXv. Igp-X-°p- n, tbip-

hns‚ ain-sslI cmP-XzsØ am{X-a√, Ahs‚ Xmgva-sbbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. tbip, sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS

{]Xo-£-b-\p-k-cn-®p≈ ]´mf tPXm-hm-bn- √ adn®v sbi-ømhv 53 se IjvS-s∏-Sp∂ Zmk-\m-bn- mWv Igp-X-

∏p-dØp h∂-Xv.

12:16 ""CXp Ahs‚ injy-∑m¿ BZn-bn¬ {Kln-®n√'' CXp as‰mcp ZrIvkm£n hnh-c-Ww, tbml-∂ms‚

thZ-\m-P-\-I-amb Hm¿Ω-bm-Wv. CXv Bh¿Øn-®p-h-cp∂ hnj-b-amWv (H.-t\m. 2:22; 10:16; 16:18; a¿s°m. 9:32;

eqs°m. 2:50; 9:45; 18:34). kz¿§m-tcm-l-W-Øn\pw s]s¥-t°m-kvXn\pw tij-am-W-h-cpsS Bflob ZrjvSn-

Iƒ ]q¿Æ-ambn Xpd-∂-Xv.

� ""tbip-hn\p tXP-kvI-cWw h∂-ti-jw ... Ah¿°v Hm¿Ω h∂p'' ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ip{iq-j-I-

fn¬ H∂m-WnXv (H.-t\m. 14:26; 2:22).

kphn-tij cN-bn-Xm-°-ƒ Xß-fpsS kphn-ti-j-ßsf Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ {InkvXp-hns‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb

A\p-`-h-ßƒ°p Np‰p-am-bn-´mWv cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw Cu hmIyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ka-ho-

£W kphn-ti-j-ßƒ tbip-hns\ Ncn-{X-]-c-amb hnIm-k-Øn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS Ah-X-c-

W-Øns‚ aq¿≤\yw hsc Ahs‚ alXzw ad-®p-sh-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. tbml-∂m-\m-Is´ Xs‚ kphn-

tijw apgp-h\pw tXP-kvI-cn-°-s∏´ ain-lm-bpsS shfn-®-Øn-emWp cNn-°p-∂-Xv. ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b-cmb

Cu a\p-jy-cpsS ]n¬°me Hm¿Ω-Ifpw hnizm-k-k-aq-l-Øns‚ Bh-iy-ß-fpw kphn-ti-j-ßƒ {]Xn-^-

en-∏n-°p-∂p. AXn\m¬ Ahbv°p c≠p Ncn{X ]›m-Ø-e-ap-≠v, (tb-ip-hn-s‚bpw kphn-ti-jI Fgp-Øp-

Im-cp-sS-bpw), c≠pw ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b-hp-am-Wv.

� ""tXP-kvI-cWw h∂-tijw'' 1:14 s‚ Ipdn∏p ImWp-I.

12:19 ""]co-i-∑m¿ XΩn¬ XΩn¬ ... ]d™p'' CXp as‰mcp {]mh-N-\nI ap≥\n-g-em-Wv. AXv (1) sblq-Z-

∑mtcmSpw (11:48; 12:11), (2) PmXn-I-tfmSpw (hm. 22˛23) _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. c≠p Ncn{X ]›m-Ø-e-ßsf

CXp {]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂p: tbip-hns‚ Pohn-Xhpw BZna k -bpsS Pohn-Xhpw.

206

tbml-∂m≥ 12:20-˛26

20s]cp∂mfn¬ \akvIcn∏m≥ h∂hcn¬ Nne bh\∑m¿ D≠mbncp∂p. 21Ch¿, Keoebnse

t_ØvkbnZ°mc\mb ^nens∏mkns‚ ASp°¬ sN∂p Aht\mSp: bPam\t\, Rßƒ°p

tbiphns\ Im◊m≥ Xmev]cyap≠p F∂p At]£n®p. 22^nens∏mkv sN∂p As{¥bmknt\mSp

]d™p. As{¥bmkpw ^nens∏mkpw IqsS sN∂p tbiphnt\mSp ]d™p. 23tbip AhtcmSp

DØcw ]d™Xp: a\pjy]p{X≥ tXPkvIcn°s∏Sphm\p≈ \mgnI h∂ncn°p∂p. 24Bta≥,

Bta≥, Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p: tImXºpaWn \neØp hoWp NmIp∂n√ F¶n¬ AXp

X\ntb Ccn°pw; NØp F¶ntem hfsc hnfhp≠mIpw. 25Xs‚ Pohs\ kvt\ln°p∂h≥

AXns\ Ifbpw; CltemIØn¬ Xs‚ Pohs\ ]sI°p∂h≥ AXns\ \nXyPoh∂mbn

kq£n°pw. 26F\n°p ip{iqj sNøp∂h≥ Fs∂ A\pKan°s´; Rm≥ Ccn°pt∂SØp Fs‚

ip{iqj°mc\pw Ccn°pw; F\n°p ip{iqj sNøp∂hs\ ]nXmhp am\n°pw.

12:20 ""Nne bh-\-∑m¿'' CXv PmXn-Isf kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn°mw; bh-\ -hw-i-Psc Bbn-cn-°-W-sa-∂n-√.

� ""s]cp-∂m-fn¬ \a-kvI-cn-∏m≥ h-∂-h-cn¬'' h¿Ø-am-\-Imew kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv s]cp-∂m-fn\p t]mIp∂

]Xnhv Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. Ah¿ H∂p-In¬ (1) ssZh- -‡tcm As√-¶n¬ (2) sblq-Z-a-Xm-\p-

km-cn-Itfm BImw. H∂m-asØ Iq´¿ kn\-tKm-Knse Bcm-[-\-°mcpw c≠m-asØ Iq´¿ sblq-Z-a-X-Øn-

te°v HutZym-Kn-I-ambn ]-cn-h¿Ø\w sNbvX-h-cp-am-Wv.

12:21 ""Ah¿ Ah-t\m-Sv... At]£n-®p'' B£-cn-I-ambn ""At]-£n-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn.'' A]q¿Æ Imew

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (1) Ah¿ ho≠pw ho≠pw At]-£n-®p, As√-¶n¬ (2) Ah¿ At]-£n-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn.

tbip-hp-ambn Hcp kzImcy kw`m-j-W-am-W-h¿ B{K-ln-®-Xv. tbip-hns‚ ac-W-Øn\p apºp≈ {]hm-NI

LSn-Im-c-Ønse Ah-km\ aWn-ap-g-°-am-Wn-Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 23).

12:22 ^nen-s∏mkpw (Ip-Xn-c-kvt\-ln), As{¥-bmkpw (]p-cp-j-Xz-ap-≈) am{X-am-bn-cp∂p As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-

cn¬ {Ko°p \ma-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-h¿. CXm-bn-cn°mw Ahsc kao-]n-°p-hm≥ Cu bh\sc (A-Xm. PmXn-Iƒ)

t{]cn-∏n-®-Xv.

12:23 ""a\p-jy-]p-{X≥'' ""a\p-jy≥'' F∂¿∞w hcp∂ Acmay ]Z-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. k¶o. 8:4; sbsl. 2:1)

F-¶nepw Zm\o. 7:13 ¬ ssZhXzw tN¿Øv CXp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Xs‚ c≠p {]Ir-X-ß-fmb a\p-jy-Xz-sØbpw

ssZh-Xz-sØbpw kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn tbip kzbw Xnc-s™-SpØ t]cm-WnXv (H.-t\m. 1 tbml.

4:1˛3).

� ""tXP-kvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈'' tbip-hns‚ acWw F√m-bvt∏mgpw ""Ahs‚ alXzw'' Bbn Nn{Xo-I-

cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. ""alXzw'' F∂ ]Zw Cu kμ¿ -Øn¬ At\I {]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v (H.-t\m.

hm. 28, [c≠p {]mhiyw], 32, 33). tbip-hns‚ ac-W-sØbpw Dbn¿sØgp-t∂ev]-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥

CXp-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 13:1,32; 17:1). 1:14 se Ipdn∏p ImWp-I.

� ""\mgnI h∂n-cn-°p∂p'' CXv ]q¿Æ-Im-e-am-Wv. tbml-∂m≥ an°-t∏mgpw ""\mgnI'' F∂ ]Zw, tbip-

hns‚ ZuXy-Ønse A¥y-kw- -h-ß-fmb {Iqio-I-c-W-sØbpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev]n-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°m≥

D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 12:27; 13:1,32; 17:1). Xm≥ bn{km-tb-ense ImWm-sX-t]mb BSp-I-fpsS ASp-°-te-

°mWp h∂-sX∂v tbip ]d-™n-cp-∂p (H.t\m. aØm. 15:24). Ct∏mƒ Ahs‚ ZqXv PmXn-I-fn-te°pw

FØp-∂p.

12:24 ""tImXºp aWn \neØphoWp NmIp-∂n√ F¶n¬'' {]IrXn {]Xn`mk kw_-‘amb As√-¶n¬

hnh-c-Wm-fl-I-amb `mj-bm-Wn-Xv. Imcy-ßsf ]t©-{μn-b-ßƒ {Kln-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ Xs∂ ChnsS hnh-cn-

®n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp hnØv At\I aWn-Isf DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. 15:2,4,5,8,16; 1 sImcn. 15:36). Xs‚

acWw At\-Isc bYm¿∞ Pohn-X-Øn-te°p sIm≠p-hcpw (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 10:45).

� ""F¶ntem'' {InbmflI {]hr-Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ {]Ya ]pcpj tkm]m-[nI hmN-I-am-WnXv (H.t\m.

hm. 24,26,32,47).

12:25 ""Xs‚ Pohs\ kvt\ln-°p-∂-h≥ AXns\ Ifbpw'' a\p-jys‚ Bf-Xz-Øns‚ kØ AYhm

Poh-i‡n F∂-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ ]vkp°n (yuch) F∂ {Ko°p ]Z-ap-]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ Zzbm¿∞ {]tbm-K-

am-WnXv (H.-t\m. aØm. 10:39; 16:24˛25; a¿s°m. 8:34- 35; eqs°m. 9:23- 24). Hcp-h≥ Hcn-°¬ {InkvXp-hn¬

B{i-bn-®m¬ Ah\p ]pXp-Po-h≥ \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu ]pXp-Po-h≥ hy‡n-]-c-amb D]-tbm-K-Øn-\p-≈-X-√,

ip{iq-j-bv°mbn ssZh-Øn¬\n∂p≈ Zm\-am-Wv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ Cu ]pXp-Po-hs‚ Imcy-hn-Nm-c-I-∑m-cm-Wv.

\mw ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-a-Xz-Øn¬ \n∂pw kzmX{¥yw {]m]n-®Xv ssZh-Øn\p Zmk-∑m-cm-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-

bmWv (H.t\m. tdma. 6:1- 7:6).

207

A≤ymbw 10 se I≈ CS-b-∑m¿ HmSn-t∏m-bmWv Pohs\ ""c£n-°p-∂Xv.'' F∂m¬ tbip Pohs\

sh®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p, hnizm-kn-Ifpw AXp-X-s∂ sNøWw (H.-t\m. 2 sImcn. 5:12˛15; Kem. 2:20).

� ""AXns\ Ifbpw'' h¿Ø-am\Ime I¿Øcn kqN-I-am-Wn-Xv. ]Z-Øn-\¿∞w (10:10 se {]tXyI ]T-\-

hn-jbw ImWp-I) ""\in-∏n-°pI'' F∂mWv. c≠v A¿∞ kqN-\-I-fp≈ as‰mcp ]Z-am-Wn-Xv. ""\nXy-Po-

h≥'' F∂-Xns‚ hn]-coX ]Z-am-Wn-Xv. Hcp-h\v tbip-hn¬ hnizm-k-an-s√-¶n¬, ]Icw CXp am{X-ta-bp-≈q.

\miw, \n¿Ωq-e\w A√, adn®v ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘w \„-s∏-S-emWv (A-XmWv \c-I-

Øns‚ BI-ØpI).

� ""]sI°pI'' Xmc-X-ay-Øn\p≈ Hcp F{_mb ssienbmWn-Xv. ssZh-Øn-\m-bn-cn-°Ww ap≥ÿm\w

(Hm.-t\m. bmt°m-_ns‚ `mcy-am¿, Dev]. 29:30- 31; Bh. 21:15; Gimhpw bmt°m_pw, aem-Jn 1:2˛3; tdma¿ 10-

˛13; Hcp-hs‚ IpSpw_w, eqs°mkv 14:26).

� ""Pohs\'' tkmbn F∂ {Ko°p ]Z-am-Wn-Xv. tbml-∂m-\n¬ CXp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv (1) Bflob Poh≥;

(2) \nXy-Po-h≥; (3) ]pXp-bpK Poh≥; (4) ]p\-cp-∞m\ Poh≥ F∂n-hsb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-Wv. bYm¿∞

Poh≥ F∂Xv hogvN-bpsS BI-ØpIbmb ""kzb''-Øns‚ `oIchmgvN-bn¬ \n∂p≈ kzmX-{¥y-am-Wv.

� ""Fs∂ A\p-K-an-°s´'' XpS¿∂psIm≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp _‘-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂ h¿Ø-am\Ime

I¿Øcn Iev]-\-bm-WnXv (H.-t\m. tbml-∂m≥ 15). ÿntcm-’m-l-sa∂ Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏´ thZ-]p-kvXI

hnj-b-am-Wn-Xv (8:31 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: ÿntcm-’m-l-Øns‚ Bh-iy-IX ImWpI). ]c-am-[n-Im-

cn-bmb ssZhhpw a\pjys‚ kzX-{¥ -C—bpw XΩn-ep≈ ssZh-imkv{X kwL¿jw \nanØw Cu hnjbw

]e-t∏mgpw Bi-b-°p-g∏w kr„n-°m-dp-≠v. F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, c£ F∂Xv Hcp DS-ºSn A\p- -hambn ImWp-

I-bm-Wp-Ø-aw. ssZhw F√m-bvt∏mgpw ap≥I-sø-Sp-°p-Ibpw (H.-t\m. 6:44,65) AP≠ \n›-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p-sh-¶nepw a\p-jy≥ ssZhØns‚ hmKvZm-\-tØmSv am\-km-¥-c-Øn-eq-sSbpw hnizm-k-Øn-eq-sSbpw {]Xn-

I-cn-°-W-sa-∂-h≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂p (H.-t\m. a¿s°mkv 1:15; As∏m. {]hr-. 20:21). CXv Hcp {]mY-anI Xocp-

am\hpw BPo-h-\m¥ injy-Xz-hpamWv. \mw Ahs\ Adn-bp∂p F∂-Xns‚ sXfn-hmWv ÿntcm-’mlw

(H.-t\m. aØmbn 10:22; 13:20- 21; KemXy¿ 6:9; 1 tbml-. 2:19; shfn-. 2:7,11,17,26; 3:5,12,21).

thZ-]p-kvX-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ {InkvXob D]-tZiw an°-t∏mgpw sshcp-≤y-]q¿hhpw, kwL¿j- -cn-

X-hp-amb tPmUn-I-fm-bn- mWv ImWp-∂-Xv. CØcØnep≈ Be-¶m-cn-Ihpw ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-≤-hp-amb Nn¥m-

coXn ]uckvXy kmln-Xy-Øns‚ khn-ti-jXbmWv. ]e-t∏mgpw B[p-\nI ]m›mXy hmb-\-°m¿ Cu

sshcp-[y-ßsf, GsX-¶n-ep-sam∂p sXcs™Sp°m-\p-≈-Xmbn ImWp-I-bmWv ]Xn-hv. F∂meh c≠pw

kXy-ßƒ F∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-emWp ImtW-≠Xv.

Fs‚ Bi-bsØ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Rm\n-hn-sS, Fs‚ ss__nƒ hymJym\ skan-\m-dn¬ \n∂p≈

sshcp-≤y-ßƒ F∂ `mKw tN¿°p-I-bm-Wv.

""thZ-]p-kvXI sshcp-≤y-ßƒ''

1. ss__nƒ ssZh-h-N\ambn AXns\ kvt\ln-°p-Ibpw AXn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp-h-

s\∂ \ne-bn¬ Cu Dƒ°mgvNIƒ F\n°p hy‡n-]-c-ambn hf-sc-b-[nIw klm-b-I-c-am-bn- p-≠v.

ss__n-fns\ Kuc-h-ambn ImWm-\p≈ {ia-Øn¬ hy‡-am-Ip∂ Imcyw, hyXykvX thZ- m-K-ßƒ

kXysØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv hyh-ÿm-]nX coXn-bne-√, AXns‚ X\-Xmb coXn-bn-em-sW-∂XmWv.

Hcp ssZh-\n-izm-kob `mK-Øn\v as‰mcp ssZh-\n-izm-kob thZ-`m-KsØ Akm-[p-hm-°phmt\m

hne-Ip-d®p ImWn-°phmt\m Ign-I-bn√! Hcp H‰ thZ- m-KsØ D≤-cn-°p-∂-Xn-eq-sS-b√ (sX-fnhp ˛

\nc-Ø¬) adn®v Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-sfbpw (Ipsd `mK-ßfpw F√m Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Ifpw ssZh-\n-izm-

ko-b-amWv, H.-t\m. 2 Xnsam. 3:16- 17) a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-eq-sS-bmWv kXyw {Kln-°p-∂Xv.

2. an° thZ-]p-kvXI kXy-ßfpw (]u-ckvXy kmln-Xyw) Zzμz-ß-fmbn As√-¶n¬ hncp≤ Zzμz-ß-fm-

bn- mWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xv (H¿°pI ]pXnb \nba Fgp-Øp-Im¿, eqs°mkv H-gnsI F√m-

hcpw km[m-c-W -{Ko-°n¬ cN\ \n¿Δ-ln® F{_mb Nn¥-I-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p). ⁄m\ kmln-Xyhpw

Imhy kmln-Xyhpw kXysØ kam-¥c hcn-I-fmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. hn]-coX kam-¥-cXzw

hntcm-[m- mkw t]mse {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p. Cu Ir{Xna kam-¥-cXzw kam-¥c thZ- m-K-ßƒ t]mse

{]h¿Øn-°p-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ c≠pw Xpey coXn-bn¬ kXy-amWv! \mw ioen® efnXamb ]mc-º-cy-

ßƒ°v Cu hncp≤ `mh-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≈m≥ _p≤n-ap- m-Wv!

a. ap≥ \nb-a-\w Vs am\p-jnI kzX{¥ C—

b. hnizm-kn-bpsS c£m `{Z-X Vs ÿntcm-’mlØns‚ Bh-iy-I-X

c. aqe-]m-]w Vs kzta-[m-]m]w

d. tbip ssZhw Vs tbip a\p-jy≥

e. tbip ]nXm-hn\p ka≥ Vs tbip ]nXm-hn\p Iogvs∏- n-cn-°p-∂-h≥

f. ss__nƒ ssZh-h-N\w Vs am\p-jnI Fgp-Øp-Im¿

208

g. ]m]-cm-lnXyw (]q¿W-Xm-hm-Zw, H.-t\m. tdma¿ 6) Vs ]m]w sNøm-Xn-cn-°¬

h. {]cw` kXzc \oXo-I-c-Whpw hnip-≤o-I-c-Whpw Vs {Iam-\p-KX hnip-≤o-I-cWw

i. hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ \oXo-I-cWw (tdma¿ 4) Vs k¬{]-hr-Øn-I-fm¬ Dd-∏n-°-s∏´ \oXo-I-cWw

(H.-t\m. bmt°m_v 2:14- 26)

j. {InkvXob kzmX{¥yw (H.-t\m. tdma¿ 14:1˛23; 1 sImcn. 8:1˛13; 10:23- 33) Vs {InkvXob DØ-c-hm-

ZnXzw (H.-t\m. Kem. 5:16- 21; Fs^. 4:1).

k. ssZh-Øns‚ C{μn-bm-tKm-N-cXzw Vs A¥¿Km-anXzw

l. ssZhw BXy-¥n-I-ambn {Kln-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h≥ Vs Xncp-sh-gp-Øn-eq-sSbpw {InkvXp-hn-eq-

sSbpw Adn-bm-≥ Ignbp-∂-h≥

m. c£-bv°v ]usemkv D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ At\I kmZr-iy-ßƒ

(1) ZsØ-Sp∏v

(2) hnip-≤o-I-cWw

(3) \oXo-I-cWw

(4) hos≠-Sp∏v

(5) tXP-kvI-cWw

(6) ap≥ \nb-a\w

(7) \nc∏v

n. ssZh-cmPyw Ct∏m-gp-≈Xv Vs `mhn ]q¿Øo-I-cWw

o. am\-km-¥cw ssZhnI Zm\w F∂ \ne-bn¬ Vs am\-km-¥cw c£-bv°p≈ I¿i\ {]Xn-I-

cWw F∂ \ne-bn¬ (H.-t\m. a¿s°m. 1:15; {]-hr-. 20:21).

p. ]gb \nbaw imizXw Vs ]g-b-\n-baw \oßn-t∏m-bXpw Akm-[p-hm-bXpw (H.-t\m. aØmbn

3:17 -19 Vs 5:21- 48; tdma. 7 Vs Kem. 3)

q. hnizm-kn-Iƒ ASn-a-Iƒ/Zmk-∑m¿ Vs a°ƒ/Ah-Im-in-Iƒ

� ""Rm≥ Ccn-°p-t∂-SØv Fs‚ ip{iq-j-°mcpw Ccn°pw'' Cu hnjbw 14:3; 17:24; 2 sImcn-. 5:8; ^nen.-

1:23; 1 sX -. 4:17 hmIy-ß-fnepw Bh¿Øn-®n-cn-°p∂p! {InkvXym-\nXzw {]mY-an-I-ambn ssZh-hp-am-bp≈

hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘-amWv! e£yw _‘-amWv: AXm-b-Xv, Ahs‚ km∂n≤yhpw Ahs‚ Iq´mbvabpw!

ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ Iq´m-bva-bv°p-th≠n kr„n-°-s∏- -h-cmWp \mw (H.-t\m. Dev]. 1:26- 27). GsZ≥tXm -

Øn¬ sh®p XI¿∂ Iq´m-bva-bpsS bYm-ÿm-]-\-amWp c£. B Iq´mbva Ct∏mƒ bYm-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-

°p∂p F∂mWp tbml-∂m≥ Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂-Xv.

tbml-∂m≥ 12:27-˛36

27Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ D≈w Ießnbncn°p∂p; Rm≥ F¥p ]dtb≠p? ]nXmth, Cu \mgnIbn¬

\n∂p Fs∂ c£nt°Wta; F¶nepw CXp \nanØw Rm≥ Cu \mgnIbnte°p h∂ncn°p∂p.28]nXmth, \ns‚ \masØ alXzs∏SptØWta; At∏mƒ kz¿§Øn¬\n∂p; Rm≥ alXzs∏Sp

Ønbncn°p∂p; C\nbpw alXzs∏SpØpw Fs∂mcp i–w D≠mbn. 29AXptI´n´p AcnsI

\nev°p∂ ]pcpjmcw: CSn D≠mbn F∂p ]d™p; a‰p Nne¿: Hcp ssZhZqX≥ Aht\mSp kwkmcn

®p F∂p ]d™p. 30AXn∂p tbip: Cu i–w Fs‚ \nanØa√; \nßfpsS \nanØw At{X

D≠mbXp; 31Ct∏mƒ Cu temIØns‚ \ymbhn[n BIp∂p. Ct∏mƒ Cu temIØns‚ {]`phns\

]pdØp X≈n°fbpw. 32Rmt\m `qanbn¬\n∂p Db¿Øs∏´m¬, F√mhscbpw F¶te°p

BI¿jn°pw F∂p DØcw ]d™p. 33CXp Xm≥ acn∏m\p≈ acWhn[w kqNn∏n®p ]d™Xt{X.34]pcpjmcw Aht\mSp: {InkvXp Ft∂°pw Ccn°pw F∂p Rßƒ \ymb{]amWØn¬ hmbn®p

tI´ncn°p∂p; ]ns∂ a\pjy]p{X≥ Db¿Øs∏tS≠sX∂p \o ]dbp∂Xp Fßs\? Cu a\pjy

]p{X≥ B¿ F∂p tNmZn®p. 35AXn∂p tbip AhtcmSp: C\n IpdbImew am{Xw shfn®w \nßfp

sS CSbn¬ Ccn°pw; Ccpƒ \nßsf ]nSn°mXncn∏m≥ \nßƒ°p shfn®w Dt≈StØmfw \S∂p

sImƒhn≥; Ccpfn¬ \S°p∂h≥ Xm≥ FhnsS t]mIp∂p F∂p Adnbp∂n√t√m. 36\nßƒ

shfn®Øns‚ a°ƒ BtI≠Xn∂p shfn®w Dt≈StØmfw shfn®Øn¬ hnizkn∏n≥ F∂p

]d™p.

12:27 ""Fs‚ D≈w Ießnbncn°p∂p'' ]q¿Æ-Ime I¿ΩnWn kqN-I-am-Wn-Xv. Ie-°n-b-Xm-cm-sW∂p

(]nXm-hv, kmØm≥, kml-N-cyßƒ, BZn.) ]d-™n- n√. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ ]e-hn-[-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-

´p≈ i‡-amb ]Z-am-Wn-Xv.

a. sltcm-Zm-hns‚ `bw (a-Ømbn 2:3)

b. injy-∑m-cpsS `bw (a-Ømbn 14:26)

c. tbip-hns‚ AS-ßmØ DXvIWvT (tbm-l-∂m≥ 12:26; 13:21)

209

d. sbcqi-te-anse k` (As∏m. {]hr-Øn. 15:24)

e. Kem-Xy-k- -I-fn¬ I≈ D]-tZ-„m-°ƒ sNbvXXv (K-em-Xy¿ 1:7)

tbip-hns‚ am\p-jnI t]mcm- sØ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ {Iqio-I-c-W-Øns‚ thZ-\-bp-ambn _‘n-∏n-°p∂-

tbml-∂ms‚ coXn-bm-WnXv (H.t\m. a¿s°m. 14:32 apX¬). tbip-hns‚ KXvkta-\-bnse {]mW-th-Z\

tbml-∂m≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂n-√, ]t£ CXv AtX Ah-kcw Xs∂-bm-Wv.

� ""Cu \mgn-I-bn¬ \n∂p Fs∂ c£n-t°-Wta'' Cu {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS IrXy-amb A¿∞w kw_-

‘n®pw hfsc X¿°-ßƒ D≠m-bn- p≠v. CsXmcp {]m¿∞-\-bmtWm (AXm. aØmbn 26:39)? F¥p kw -

hn°-cp-sX-∂p≈Xns\-°p-dn-®p≈ B›-cy-tZym-X-I-amb {]Xn-I-c-W-amtWm (NET Bible)?

� ""CXp\nanØw Rm≥ Cu \mgn-I-bn-te°p h∂n-cn-°p∂p'' tbip-hns‚ PohnXw Hcp ssZhnI ]≤-

Xn-{]-Im-c-amWp Npcpƒ \nh¿∂n-cp-∂Xv (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 22:32; As∏m. {]hr. 2:23; 3:18; 4:28). AXv tbip

]q¿Æ-ambn a\- n-em°nbncp∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 20:28; a¿s°m. 10:45).

12:28 ""\ns‚ \masØ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-tØ-Wta'' hm. 28 ¬ ]nXmhp {]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂p. ""al-Xz-s∏-Sp-ØpI''

F∂ ]Zw hfsc Hgp-°-\mWv. AXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv:

1. ]q¿Δm-kvXnIy alXzw (H.-t\m. 17:5).

2. ]nXm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ tbip-hns‚ shfn-∏mSv (H.-t\m. 17:4).

3. tbip-hns‚ {IqfoI-c-Whpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev]pw (H.-t\m. 17:1).

1:14 se Ipdn∏v ImWp-I.

� ""kz¿§Øn-¬ \n∂p ... Hcp i_vZw D≠mbn'' d∫n-am¿ CXns\ _Øv tIm¬ F∂p hnfn-®p. aem-Jn-

bpsS Ime-Øn\p tijw bn{km-tb-en¬ {]hm-NIi_vZw apg-ßn-bn-cp-∂n-√. ssZh-Øns‚ C„w Dd-∏n-°-W-

sa-¶n¬ kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ Hcp i_vZw AXp sNø-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. tbip-hns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ aq∂p

{]mhiyw ssZhw kwkm-cn-®-Xmbn kphn-ti-j-ßƒ tcJs∏SpØp-∂p.

1. tbip-hn-s‚ kv\m\-k-a-bØv, a-Ømbn 3:17

2. adp-cq] ka-bØv, aØmbn 17:5

3. ChnsS Cu hmIy-Øn¬

12:9 ""AXp tI´n´p AcnsI \nev°p∂ ]pcp-jmcw'' kw -hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v c≠p hymJym\ßfp-

≠m-bn: (1) AXv CSn-ap-gp-°-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ssZhw kwkm-cn-°p-hm-\mbn CXp-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂p

(H.-t\m. 2 iaq-. 22:14; Ctøm. 37:4; k¶o. 29:3; 18:13; 104:7); (2) Hcp ZqX≥ Ah-t\mSp kwkm-cn-®p. As∏m.

{]hr-. 9:7; 22:9 se iuens‚ A\p- -h-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Bi-b-°p-g-∏Øn\p kam-\-am-Wn-Xpw.

12:30 ""AXn∂p tbip: Cu i_vZw Fs‚ \nan-Ø-a-√, \nß-fpsS \nanØw At{X D≠m-bXv'' tiay

`mjbnse Hcp Xmc-X-ay-amWv Cu {]tbm-Kw. AXp ]q¿W-ambpw Ah¿°p th≠n-b-√, F∂m¬ {]mY-an-I-

ambn Ah¿°pth≠n-bmWv F∂m-W¿∞w (H.-t\m. 11:42).

12:31 ""Ct∏mƒ Cu temI-Øns‚ \ymb-hn[n BIp-∂p'' XmgsØ {]tbm-K-tØmSp (""Cu temI-Øns‚

{]`p-hns\ ]pdØp X≈n-°-fbpw'') kam-¥-camb Hcp {]tbm-K-am-WnXv. AXp kw -hn-°p∂ kabw hy‡-

am-°n-bn- n√ (Xm-sg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I).

""\nhr-Øn-bmb A¥y-Ime imkv{Xw'' F∂p kn. F®v. tUmUv hnfn-°p-∂-Xns‚ as‰mcp DZm-l-c-W-

amWv hm. 31 F∂v F v. F v. {_qkns‚ A`n-{]m-b-tØmSp Rm≥ tbmPn-°p-∂p (Answers to Questions,p. 198). tbml-∂ms‚ A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ tbip hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw c£bpw Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p \ymb-hn-

[nbpw sIm≠p-h∂p Ign-™p. Hc¿∞-Øn¬ CXv ""{]mh-N\nI ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-Imew'' F∂ hymI-cW

cq]-tØmSp kam-\-am-Wv. `mhn-bn¬ Dd-∏mb Hcp Imcy-sØ, \S∂p Ign-™-Xmbn {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xm-WXv!

� ""Cu temI-Øns‚ {]`p'' Xn∑-bpsS aqØn-sb-bm-WnXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (H.-t\m. 14:30; 16:11). F{_mb

`mj-bn¬ CXns\ ""kmØm≥'' AYhm ""{]Xn-tbmKn'' (H.-t\m. Ctøm_v 1˛2) F∂pw {Ko°n¬ ""]nimNv''

AYhm ""A]-hmZn'' F∂pw (H.-t\m. aØm. 4:1,5,8,11; 13:39; 25:41; tbml. 6:70; 8:44; 13:21; 2 sImcn-. 4:4; Fs^.-

2:2) hnfn-°p-∂p. aØm. 4:1˛11; tbml. 13:2,27 ¬ Cu c≠p t]cp-Ifpw ]cym-bambn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

Ah≥ kz¿§-Øn¬\n∂pw ]pd-¥-≈-s∏-´-h-\mWv; AXn-\m¬ Ah\v tbip-hns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Isf Ip‰w

Npa-Øp-hmt\m Ah¿s°-Xnsc A]-hmZw ]d-bp-hmt\m Ign-I-bn-√.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: BfXz-ap≈ Zp„X]e Imc-W-ß-fm¬ hfsc {]bm-k-I-c-amb Hcp hnj-b-am-Wn-Xv.

1. \∑bpsS Hcp apJyi{Xp-hns\ ]g-b-\n-baw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂n-√, F∂m¬ a\p-jy\v sX‰mb

hgn ImWn®p sImSp-°p-Ibpw a\p-jy-\n¬ A\oXn Btcm-]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ btlm-h-bpsS

210

Hcp Zmk-s\-°p-dn®p ]d-bp-∂p≠v (A. B. Davidson, Old Testament Theology, p. 300-306).

2. ssZh-Øns‚ Bf-Ø-ap≈ apJy-i{Xp F∂ Bi-bw, t]¿jy≥ aX-Øns‚ (skm-cm-jv{Sn-b-\n-

kw) kzm[o-\-Øn¬ thZ-]p-kvXI CS-°me kmln-Xy-Øn-emWv (A-Im-t\m-\n-I) hnImkw {]m]n-

®-Xv. XpS¿∂v AXv d∫n sblqZ aXsØ hf-sc-b-[nIw kzm[o-\n®p.

3. ]g-b-\n-ba Bi-bsØ ]pXnb \nbaw AXn-i-b-I-camw hn[w ka-{K-am-b, F∂m¬ {i≤-]q¿Δw

Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ hn[-Øn¬ hnI-kn-∏n-°p-∂p.

thZ-]p-kvXI ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚ (Hmtcm ]pkvX-IsØ As√-¶n¬ Fgp-Øp-Im-cs\ As√-¶n¬

kmlnXy cq]sØ shtΔsd ]Tn-°p-∂-Xv) ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ Zp„Xsb°p-dn-®p≈ ]T-\sØ Hcp-h≥ kao-

]n-®m¬, Zp„-X-sb-°p-dn®p hfsc hyXy-kvX-amb ho£-W-ß-fm-bn-cn°pw e`n-°p-I.

F∂m¬ temI-a-X-ß-fp-sS-tbm ]uckvXy aX-ß-fp-sStbm thZ-]p-kvX-tI-Xc As√-¶n¬ thZ-]p-

kvX-Im-XoX ho£-W-Øn¬ Zp„-Xsb°pdn-®p≈ ]T-\sØ Hcp-h≥ kao-]n-®m¬, ]pXnb \nb-a-ho-£-

W-Øns‚ \ng¬ t]¿jy≥ ssZzX-hm-Z-Ønepw {Ko°v- -tdm-a≥ Bfl-hm-Z-Ønepw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-t™-

°pw.

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ ssZhnIm-[n-Im-cn-I-X-bn¬ hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v B [mc-W-bn¬ ]Tn-®m¬, ]pXn-

b-\n-ba hnIm-ksØ ]ptcm-K-a\ shfn-∏m-Smbn ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. Cu Bi-bsØ hy‡-am-°p-hm≥

sblqZ \mtSm-Sn-°-Y-I-sftbm Cw•ojv kmln-Xy-sØtbm (A-Xm. Umt‚, an¬´¨) A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-

Xn¬ \n∂pw hnizm-kn-Iƒ kzbw kq£n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. shfn-∏m-Sns‚ Cu taJ-e-bn¬ Nne a¿Ω-ßfpw

Zp¿{K-l-X-I-fp-ap-≠v. Zp„-X, AXns‚ D¤hw, AXns‚ Dt±iyw F∂nh kw_-‘n® F√m Imcy-ßfpw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ ssZhw Dt±-in-®n- n√, F¶nepw AXns‚ ]cm-Pbw ssZhw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn!

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ kmØm≥ (BDB 966) AYhm Ip‰m-tcm-]-I≥ F∂ ]Zw aq∂p hyXykvX Iq -

tcmSp _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw.

1. am\p-jnI Ip‰m-tcm-]-I≥ (1 iaq-. 29:4; 2 iaq-. 19:22; 1 cmPm-. 11:14,23,25; k¶o. 109:6)

2. ZqX Ip‰m-tcm-]-I≥ (kwJy. 22:22- 23; skJ. 3:1)

3. ss]im-NnI Ip‰m-tcm-]-I≥ (1 Zn\-. 21:1; 1 cmPm-. 22:21; skJ-. 13:2)

CS-°me L -Øns‚ Ah-km\ L- -Øn¬ am{X-amWv Dev]. 3 se ]mºns\ kmØm-\mbn Nn{Xo-

I-cn®p XpS-ßn-b-Xv (H.-t\m. ⁄m\n. 2:23˛24; 2 lmt\m°v 31:3), AXn\pw hf-sc-°m-e-Øn-\p-ti-j-amWv

d∫n-am¿ CXp kzoI-cn-®Xv (H.-t\m. tkm´v 9b; k≥sl-{Zn≥ 29a). 1 lmt\m°v 54:6 ¬ Dev]. 6 se

""ssZh-Øns‚ ]p{X-am¿'' Zp„-Zq-X-∑m-cmbn amdn. d∫n ssZh-im-kv{X-Øn¬ Zp„-X-bpsS Bcw`w Ah-cm-

Wv. Rm\nXp ]d-bp-∂Xv B Bi-bØns‚ ssZh-im-kv{X- IrXy-Xsb Dd-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\-√, adn®v AXns‚

hf¿® ImWn-°m-\mWv. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ Cu {]hr-Øn-I-sf√mw Bf-Ø-ap≈ Zp„-Zq-X-\n¬ Btcm-

]n-°p-∂p (A-Xm. kmØm≥, 2 sImcn. 11:3; shfn. 12:9).

]g-b-\n-a-Øn¬ \n∂pw Zp„-X-bpsS Dev]Øn \n¿Æ-bn-°pI {]bm-ktam Akm-≤ytam BWv (\n-

ß-fpsS ho£-WsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n). CXns‚ Imc-W-ß-fn-sem∂v bn{km-tb-ens‚ i‡-amb GI-

ssZh hnizm-k-amWv (H.-t\m. 1 cmPm-. 22:20˛22; k`m. 7:14; sbi-. 45:7; Btam. 3:6). F√m Zpc-¥-ßfpw

btlm-h-bm¬ kw`-hn-°p-∂Xpw AX-hs‚ AXp-ey-X-sbbpw ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sØbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-

Xp-am-bn-cp∂p (H.-t\m. sbi. 43:11; 44:6,8,24; 45:5˛6,14,18,21,22).

hnh-c-ßƒ e`n-°¬ km[y-X-bp≈ Dd-hn-S-ßƒ: (1) Ctøm_v 1˛2, AhnsS kmØm≥ ""ssZh ]p{X-

∑m-cn¬'' Hcp-h-\mWv (A-Xm-bXv ZqX-∑m¿); (2) sbi-ømhv 14; sbsl-kvt°¬ 28, AhnsS kmØms‚

K¿ΔsØ Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ K¿Δn-I-fmb ]uckvXy cmPm-°-∑msc (_m-t_¬, tkm¿) D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-

°p-∂p (H.-t\m. 1 Xnsam. 3:6). Cu kao-]-\-sØ-°p-dn®v F\n°p kΩn-{i-hn-Im-c-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. GsZ≥tXm´

kmZriyw, tkm¿cmPm-hn\p kmØm-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ am{X-a√ sbsl-kvtI¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

(H.-t\m. sbsl. 28:12- 16). \∑-Xn-∑-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ Adn-hns‚ hr£w F∂ \ne-bn¬ an{kbow cmPm-

hn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v (sbsl. 31). F∂n-cp-∂mepw sbi-ømhv 14, hnti-jm¬ hm. 12- 14, Al-¶mcw

\nan-Ø-ap≈ Hcp ZqXs‚ adp-X-en-∏n-s\-°p-dn®p hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂p. kmØms‚ {]tXy-I

kz`m-hhpw Dev]-Ønbpw kw_-‘n®v \ap°p shfn-s∏-Sp-ØnØcp-hm≥ ssZhw B{K-ln-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

CXv AXn\p ]‰nb ]tcm-£-amb coXnbpw ÿe-hp-am-Wv. hnhn[ \nba-ß-fn-sebpw Fgp-Øp-Im-cp-

sSbpw ]pkvX-I-ß-fp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-cq-]-Øn-s‚bpw sNdnbXpw Zp¿{K-l-hp-amb `mK-ßsf FSpØv

ssZhnI ]Z-{]-iv\-Øns‚ Ij-W-ßƒ F∂ \ne-bn¬ Iq´n-t®¿°p∂ hyh-ÿnX ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚

{]h-W-X-bvs°-Xnsc \mw Pm{KX ]pe¿tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.

B¬{^Uv GZ¿sj-bn≥ (The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah, Vol.2, appendices XIII [pp.748 -763] and XVI [PP 770-776]) ]d-bp-∂-Xv, d∫n sblq-Z-aXw t]¿jy≥ ssZzX-hm-Z-Ømepw ss]im-

NnI Dulm-t]m-l-ß-fmepw Aan-X-ambn kzm[o-\n-°-s∏´psh∂mWv. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ kXy-Øns‚

211

icn-bmb Dd-hn-S-ß-f√ d∫n-am¿. tbip kn\-tKm-Knse ]Tn-∏n-°¬ coXn-bn¬ \n∂p amdn k©-cn-®p.

ko\mbn ]¿Δ-X-Øn¬ sh®v tamsi°p \ymb-{]-amWw \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\p≈ ZqX-am-[y-ÿhpw FXn¿∏pw

kw_-‘n® d∫n-am-cpsS Bibhpw btlm-h-bpsSbpw kIe a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw apJy ZqX˛i{Xp -F∂

Bi-b-Øn\p hnØp-]mIn F∂p Rm≥ Nn¥n-°p-∂p. t]¿jy≥ ssZzX-hm-Z-Øn¬ c≠v {][m\ tZh-∑m-

cp-≠v, Alvdn-am\pw Hm¿a-kbpw ˛ \√ tZh-\pw Zp„ tZh\pw. Cu ssZzX-hmZw sblq-Z-a-X-Ønse

btlm-hbpw kmØm\pw F∂ ]cn-anX ssZzX-hm-Z-ambn hnImkw {]m]n®p.

Zp„-X-bpsS hnImkw kw_-‘n®v ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ ]ptcm-K-a\ shfn-∏mSps≠∂Xp icn-bm-

sW-¶n-epw, d∫n-am¿ {]Jym-]n-°p-∂-{Xbpw hnim-e-am-bn- √ AXp-≈-Xv. Cu hyXym-k-Øns‚ Hcp anI®

DZm-l-cWw ""kz¿§-Ønse bp≤w'' BWv. kmØms‚ hogvN bp‡n-]-c-amb Hcm-h-iy-amWv. F∂m¬

hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ \¬Inbn´n√. \evI-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mepw shfn-∏mSv kmln-Xy-Øn¬ ad-bv°-s∏-´-

\nebnemWp \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpw (H.-t\m. shfn-. 12:4,7,12- 13). kmØm≥ tXmev]n-°-s∏ v `qan-bn-te°v

\mSp-I-S-Ø-s∏-s -¶nepw Ah-\n-t∏mgpw btlm-h-bpsS Hcp tkh-I-\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂p (H.-t\m. aØmbn

4:1; eqs°mkv 22:31- 32; 1 sImcn-. 5:5; 1 Xnsam. 1:20).

Cu hnjbw kw_-‘n-®p≈ \ΩpsS Pn⁄mk \mw AS-°ntb aXn-bm-Iq. ]co-£-bp-sSbpw ZpjvS-

X-bp-sSbpw Hcp Bf-Xz-i-‡n-bp≠v. F¶nepw Hcp ssZhw am{X-ta-bp-≈q, a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚/Ah-fpsS

sXc-s™Sp-∏p-Iƒ°v ]q¿Æ DØ-c-hm-Zn-bp-am-Wv. c£bv°v apºpw ]nºpw Bflob t]mcm-´-ap-≠v.

{XntbI ssZh-Ønepw ssZh-Øn-eq-sSbpw am{X-amWv hnPbw e`n-°p-∂Xpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xpw. Zp„X

]cm-P-b-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p, AXn\n \o°w sNø-s∏Spw!

� ""]pdØp X≈n-°-fbpw'' `mhn-Ime I¿ΩnWn kqN-I-am-Wn-Xv. kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ kmØms‚ hogvN-

bpsS IrXy-amb kabw Xncp-h-N\w kqNn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. sbi. 14 epw sbsl-. 28 epw kmØms\°p-dn®v ]d-

bp-∂Xv Hcp ZznXob A¿∞-Øn-emWv. {]h-N-\- m-K-ßƒ kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv _mt_-en-sebpw tkmcn-sebpw

K¿Δn-I-fmb cmPm-°-∑m-sc-°p-dn-®m-Wv. Ah-cpsS ]m]I-c-amb K¿Δv, kmØms‚ K¿Δns\ {]Xn-^-en-∏n-

°p∂p (H.-t\m. sbi. 14:12,15; sbsl-. 28:16). F∂n-cp-∂mepw Fgp-]-Xp injy-∑m-cpsS anj-\dn bm{Xm-k-a-

bØv kmØm≥ hogp-∂Xp I≠-Xmbn tbip ]d™p (H.-t\m.- eq-s°m. 10:18).

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-ep-S-\ofw kmØms‚ hnImkw ImWmw. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ahs\mcp tkhI ZqX-\m-bn-

cp-∂p, F-¶nepw Al-¶m-c-Øm¬ Ah≥ ssZh-Øns‚ i{Xp-hmbn Xo¿∂p. Cu hnhmZ hnjbw kw_-

‘n® Hcp \√ N¿®bv°v ImWp-I, F.- _n. tUhn-Uvk-Wns‚ ]g-b-\n-ba ssZh-imkv{Xw, t]. 300˛306.

{]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw: kz¿§-Ønse bp≤w(sh-fn-∏mSv ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw FSp-Ø-Xv)

Cu G‰p-ap- -ens‚ XobXn kw_-‘n®v hf-sc-b-[nIw N¿®-Iƒ \S-∂n- p-≠v. eqs°mkv 10:18 epw

tbml-. 12:31 epw tbip CXn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂p tXm∂p-∂p. F¶nepw Cu kw -

h-Øn\v Ime-K-W\m {Ia-Øn-ep-≈ Hcp kabw \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv AXoh ZpjvI-c-am-Wv.

1. Dev]Øn 1:1 \p apºv (kr-„n°p apºv)

2. Dev]Øn 1:1 \pw 1:2 \pw CS-bn¬ (Kym]v Xnb-dn)

3. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ Ctøm_v 1˛2 \ptijw (km-Øm≥ kz¿§-Øn¬)

4. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ 1 cmPm. 22:21 \p tijw (km-Øm≥ kz¿§ob Btem-N\mk -bn¬)

5. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ skJ. 3 \p tijw (kmØm≥ kz¿§-Øn¬)

6. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ sbi. 14:12; sbsl. 28:15; lmt\m°v 29:4˛5 se t]mse (]u-ckvXy cmPm-°-

∑msc Ip‰w hn[n-°p-∂p)

7. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ tbip-hns‚ ]co-£bv°p tijw (H.-t\m. aØmbn 4)

8. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ Fgp-]Xp t]cpsS ZuXy-k-a-bØv (km-Øm≥ BIm-iØp\n∂p hogp-∂Xp

I≠p, eqs°mkv 10:18).

9. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ sbcqi-te-an-te-°p≈ hnPb {]th-i-\-Øn\p tijw (Cu temI-Øns‚

{]`p-hns\ X≈n-°-f-™-p, H.-t\m. tbml. 12:31)

10. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ tbip-hns‚ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n\pw kz¿§m-tcm-l-W-Øn\pw tijw (H.-

t\m. Fs -. 4:8; sImsem. 2:15).

11. A¥y-Im-eØv (H.-t\m. shfn-∏mSv 12:7, inip-hns\ At\z-jn®v kmØm≥ kz¿§sØ B{I-an-

°p-tºmƒ).

212

CXns\ ssZhhpw Zp„-tk-\bpw XΩn-ep≈ \nXy-bp-≤-ambn \mw ImtW-≠n-bncn°p-∂p; almk¿∏-

Øns‚bpw Ahs‚ tk\-bp-sSbpw kºq¿Æ ]cm-P-b-tØmsS Cu bp≤w Ah-km-\n-°m≥ t]mIp-∂p.

shfn-∏mSv 20 ¬ Ahsc \o°n°fbpIbpw GIm¥ XS-hn-em-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

12:32 ""Rmt\m ... Db¿Ø-s∏-´m¬'' {Inbm-flI {]hr-Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ {]Ya]pcpj tkm]m-[nI

hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv. Cu ]Z-Øn-\¿∞w:

1. Db¿Ø-s∏-SpI (H.-t\m. 3:14

2. {Iqin-°-s∏-SpI (H.-t\m. 8:28)

3. al-Xz-s∏-Sp-I (H.-t\m. {]hr-. 2:33; 5:31)

4. G‰hpw Db¿Ø-s∏-SpI (H.-t\m. ^nen-. 2:9)

]Z-ß-fpsS Cu \m\m¿∞w tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv.

� ""F√m-h-scbpw F¶-te°p BI¿jn°pw'' bnsc. 31:3 ¬ ]d-bp∂ bn{km-tb-en-t\m-Sp≈ btlm-h-

bpsS DS-ºSn kvt\lsØ°pdn-®p≈ kqN-\-bmImw CXv. ""]pXn-b-\n-b-asØ'' kw_-‘n® thZ-`mKw

AXmWv (H.-t\m. bns. 31:31- 34). ssZhw Xs‚ kvt\l-Øn-eq-sSbpw {]hr-Øn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw Xs‚ P\-tØmSp

kwhm-Zn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu ]Z-Øns‚ CtX Be-¶m-cnI D]-tbmKw tbml-. 6:44 epw AXns‚ hni-Zo-

I-cWw 6:65 epw ImWmw.

ChnsS ""F√m-h-scbpw'' F∂Xv km¿ΔeuInI £Whpw hos≠-Sp-∏ns‚ hmKvZ-Ø-hp-amWv (H.-t\m.

Dev]. 3:15; 12:3; ]pd. 19:5; sbi. 2:2˛4; tbml-. 1:9,12,29; 3:16; 4:42; 10:16; 1 Xnsam. 2:4; 4:10; XosØm. 2:11; 2

]s{Xm. 3:9; 1 tbml. 2:2; 4:14)!

Cu {]tbm-K-Øn¬ Hcp {it≤-b-amb LS-I-ap-≠v. ""F√m-hcpw'' F∂Xv ]p√nw-K-am-Imw, AXv ""F√m

]pcp-j-∑mcpw'' F∂p X¿÷a sNømw. ]pcm-X\ Isø-gpØp {]Xn-I-fmb P75(VID), a2, B, L, W F∂n-h-bn¬

Cß-s\-bmWp ImWp-∂Xv; \]pw-k-I-am-sW-¶n¬ ""F√m hkvXp-°-sfbpw'' F∂p X¿÷a sNømw. P66, aF∂n-h-bn¬ A{]-Im-c-am-Wv. \]pw-k-I-am-sW-¶n¬ AXv sImsem. 1:16- 17 set∏mse {]]-©-Øns‚ hos≠-

Sp-∏n-s\-°p-dn-®mWv kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXv 1 tbml-∂m-\n¬ sXfn-bp∂ Kvt\mÃnIv Zpcq-]-tZ-isØ {]Xn-

-en-∏n-°p-∂p. ]p√nw-K-Øn\v UBS4 “B”td‰nwKv (G-Xm≠v Dd-∏p-≈-Xv) \¬Ip-∂p.

12:33 ""CXp Xm≥ acn-∏m-\p≈ hn[w kqNn-∏n®p ]d-™-Xt{X'' CXp tbml-∂ms‚ as‰mcp ]{Xm-[n]

Ipdn-∏mWv. ac-Øn-t∑¬ Xqßp-∂-h≥ ""ssZh-Øm¬ i]n-°-s∏- -h≥'' F∂p ]d-bp∂ Bh. 21:23 t\mSp

_‘-s∏- -Xm-WnXv. C°m-c-W-Øm-emWv tbip-hns\ Is√-dn-bp∂Xn\p ]Icw {Iqin-°m≥ aX-t\-Xm-°ƒ

B{K-ln-®-Xv. tbip \ap-°p-th≠n \ymb-{]-am-W-Øns‚ im]w t]dn (K-em-. 3:13).

12:34 ""]pcp-jmcw Ah-t\mSv: {InkvXp Ft∂°pw Ccn°pw'' CXv k¶o. 89:4, 29, 35- 37 s‚ kqN-\-bm-Imw.

ain-lm-bpsS Hscm‰ hchpw Ahs‚ temI-k-am-[m-\-Øns‚ ]me-kvXo≥ `cWÿm]-\hpw am{Xta ]g-b-

\n-baw {]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂p-≈q (H.-t\m. k¶o. 110:4; sbi. 9:7; sbsl-. 37:25; Zm\o. 7:14). ""Ft∂°pw'' F∂-

Xn\v 6:58 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWp-I.

� ""a\p-jy-]p-{X≥'' ]pcp-jmcw (]-›m-Øe DƒImgvNIƒ C ImWp-I) tbip D]-tZ-in-°p-∂Xv/{]kw-Kn-

°p-∂Xv tI´n-´p-≠m-bn-cn-°Ww. (t]-cn-s\-°p-dn®v hm. 23˛24; ""Db¿ØpI'' F∂-Xn\v hm. 30˛32 F∂nh)

ImcWw Ahs‚ AXp-ey-amb kzb˛\ma-I-cWw Ah¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. a‰p-≈-h¿ Cu t]cv D]-tbm-Kn-

°p∂ GI-ÿehpw CXm-Wv. sblqZaX-Øn¬ CsXmcp km[m-cW t]tcm ain-sslI ]Z-hntbm A√.

12:35 ""\nßƒ°p shfn®w Dt≈-S-tØmfw \S∂psImƒhn≥'' Xs‚ hN-\-ß-tfmSp thKw {]Xn-I-cn-°m≥

tbip Xs‚ t{imXm-°sf \n¿_-‘n-°p-I-bmWv. `qan-bnse Ahs‚ kabw ]cn-an-X-am-Wv. `qan-bnse Xs‚

Ah-km\ BgvN-bn-te°v Ah≥ {]th-in-°m≥ XpS-ßp-I-bm-Wv. Ahs‚ ap≥\nb-an® \mgnI h∂n-cn-°p∂p

(hm. 23).

Hc¿∞-Øn¬ Cu {]tbm-K-Øn\v (tbm-l-∂m-\n¬ ImWp∂) Hcp Ncn{X kqN-Ihpw AkvXnXz kqN-

Ihpw D≠v. tbip ]d-™Xv kphn-tijw tIƒ°p∂ F√m-h¿°pw _m[-I-amWv (D-Zm. hnXbv°p∂hs‚

D]-a).

Pohn-X-ssien F∂ \ne-bn¬ ""\S∏v'' F∂ hm°ns‚ Be-¶m-cnI D]-tbm-K-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. Fs^.-

4:17; 5:2,15). hnizmkw F∂Xv tIhew Hcp {]mcw` Xocp-am-\-a-√, adn®v XpS¿am-\-amb _‘hpw injy-Xz-hp-

am-sW∂ tbip-hns‚ Du∂-ens\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime I¿Øcn kqN-I-am-WnXv (H.-t\m. hm. 44-

˛46).

12:36 tbip temI-Øns‚ shfn-®-am-Ip∂p F∂ Cu hnjbw tbml-∂m-\n¬ Bh¿Øn®p ImWp∂ {][m\

Du∂-emWv (H.-t\m. 1:4,5,7,8,9; 3:19,20,21; 5:35; 8:12; 9:5; 11:9,10; 12:35,36,46). Ccp´pw shfn-®hpw sblqZ ⁄m\

kmln-Xy-Øn-sebpw Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-I-fn-sebpw hncp≤ Bflob bmYm¿∞y-ß-fmWv.

213

tbml-∂m≥ 12:37-˛43

37CXp kwkmcn®n´p tbip hmßnt∏mbn, Ahsc hn´p ad™p. Ah¿ Im¨sI Ah≥ C{X

hfsc ASbmfßsf sNbvXn´pw Ah¿ Ah\n¬ hnizkn®n√. 38""I¿Ømth, Rßƒ tIƒ∏n®Xp

B¿ hnizkn®ncn°p∂p? I¿Ømhns‚ `pPw B¿°p shfns∏´ncn°p∂p?'' F∂p sbiøm

{]hmNI≥ ]d™ hN\w \nhrØnbmIphm≥ CSh∂p. 39Ah¿°p hnizkn∏m≥ Ign™n√;

AXns‚ ImcWw sbiømhv thsd HcnSØp ]dbp∂Xp: 40""Ah¿ IÆpsIm≠p ImWpItbm

lrZbwsIm≠p {Kln°tbm a\w XncnItbm Xm≥ Ahsc kuJyam°pItbm sNømXncnt°

≠Xn∂p, AhcpsS IÆp Ah≥ IpcpSm°n; lrZbw XSn∏n®ncn°p∂p. 41sbiømhv Ahs‚

tXP p I≠p Ahs\°pdn®p kwkmcn®XpsIm≠mIp∂p CXp ]d™Xp: 42F∂n´pw {]amWnI

fn¬ Xt∂bpw At\I¿ Ah\n¬ hnizkn®p; ]≈n{`„¿ BImXncn∏m≥ ]coi∑m¿ \nanØw

G‰p ]d™n√Xm\pw. 43Ah¿ ssZhØmep≈ am\sØ°mƒ a\pjycmep≈ am\sØ A[nIw

kvt\ln®p.

12:37 Fs¥mcp ZpxJ-I-c-amb A`n-{]mbw. Bflob A‘X AXn- o-I-c-amWv (H.t\m. 2 sImcn-. 4:4). £an-

°-s∏-SmØ ]m]-sØ-bmWv Cu hmIyw Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv (5:21 se {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I).

12:38 ""sbiøm {]hm-N-I≥ ]d™ hN\w'' I„-s∏-Sp∂ Zmk-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ thZ- m-K-amb sbi-ømhv 53:1

s‚ D≤-c-Wn-bm-Wn-Xv.

12:39- 40- Ch {]bm-k-I-c-amb hmIy-ß-fm-Wv. Bfp-Iƒ°v {]Xn-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hn[w ssZhw Ahsc

ITn-\-s∏-Sp-Øptam? sbi-ømhv 6:9˛10; tdma¿ 11:7 \n∂p≈ Fs‚ hni-Zo-IWw ChnsS tN¿°p-∂p. (www.freebiblecommentry.org Im-Wp-I).

sbi-ømhv 6:9˛10 -sb-i-ømhns‚ ip{iq-j-sb-°p-dn®p≈ Xs‚ ]≤Xn btlmh shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ

sbi-øm-hns‚ ktμ-i-Øn\v sblq-Z-bpsS {]Xn-I-cWw F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂pw Ah≥ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

1. sN√pI, hm. 9, BDB 229, KB, Izm¬ Iev]\

2. ]d-bpI, hm. 9, BDB 55, KB, Izm¬ ]q¿Æ-{Inb

3. tI´p-sIm-≠n-cn°pw, hm. 9, Izm¬ Iev]\, Izm¬ tIh-e-{In-b, BDB 1033, KB 15704. Xncn-®-dn-I-bn√, hm. 9, BDB 106, KB 122, Izm¬ A]q¿Æ-{Inb; H.-t\m. 1:3; 5:21; 10:13; 29:14

5. I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn°pw, Izm¬ Iev]\, Izm¬ tIhe{Inb BDB 906, KB 11576. {Kln-°-bn√, hm. 9, BDB 393, KB 380, Izm¬ Iev]\

7. Ah-cpsS lrZbw XSn-∏n-°pI, hm. 10, BDB 1031, KB 1566, ln^n¬ Iev]\

8. sNhn aμ-am-°pI, hm. 10, BDB 457, KB 455, ln^n¬ Iev]\

9. IÆv AS-®p-I-f-bpI, hm. 10, BDB 1044, KB 1612, ln^n¬ Iev]\

Cu Iev]-\-I-fpsS ]n∂mse ]cn-WnX ^e-ßƒ sImSp-Øn-cn°p∂p (apºv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ {Inb-I-

fmb ""ImWpI'', ""{Kln-°pI'' F∂n-h-bpsS A]q¿Æ {Inb-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn°-p-∂p). Ah¿ {]Xn-I-cn®v

c£ {]m]n-°-bn-s√∂v ssZhw Adn-bp∂p (ap-∂-dnhp sImt≠m As√-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ hgn-

sX-‰nb lrZbsØ/a\- ns\ Ah≥ ITn-\-am-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-t≠m)

1. Ah¿ a\w -Xn-cn-bm-sXbpw BDB 996, KB 1427, Izm¬ ]q¿Æ-Ime \ntj-[Iw

2. Ah¿ kuJyw {]m]n-°m-sXbpw BDB 950, KB 1272, Izm¬ ]q¿Æ-Ime \ntj-[Iw

sbi-ømhv {]kw-Kn-°p-tºmƒ Nne¿ {]Xn-I-cn-®mepw Ahs‚ P\-Øn¬/kaqlØn¬ hensbmcp `qcn-

]£w {]Xn-I-cn-°-bn√ (H.-t\m. tdma¿ 1:24,26,28; Fs -. 4:19), As√¶n¬ {]Xn-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-I-bn√ (H.-

t\m. 29:9,10; Bh. 29:4; aØm. 13:13; tdma¿ 11:8). sbi-ømhv Chn-sS-sbmcp kphn-ti-j-I-\-√, adn®v DS-ºSn

A\p-k-c-W-t°-Sns‚/]cn-Wn-X-^-e-Øns‚ {]hm-N-I-\mWv (H. t\m. aØm-. 13:13; a¿s°m. 4:12; eqs°m.

8:10).- A-hs‚ {]Xym-i-bpsS ktμiw Ahs‚ Ime-tØ°-√, Hcp `mhn-Im-e-tØ-°p-≈-Xm-Wv.

tdma¿ 11:7 ""tij-ap-≈-htcm ITn-\-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p'' CsXmcp kmam\y I¿ΩnWn kqN-I-amWv (H.-t\m. 2

sImcn-. 3:14). ssZhw Ahsc ITn-\-s∏-SpØn F∂ kqN-\-bm-Wp-≈Xv (H.-t\m. hm. 8˛10). ITn-\-s∏-Sp-Ø-

ens‚ am[yaw ZpjvS-\mWv (2 sImcn-. 4:4). ""ITn-\-s∏´p'' (t]mtdmHm˛pwrow) F∂Xv Xnancw As√-¶n¬

A‘Xbv°p≈ Hcp sshZy-imkv{X ]Z-amWv (H.-t\m. tdma¿ 11:25; 2 sImcn-. 3:14; Fs -. 4:18). a¿s°mkv

6:52 ¬ As∏mkvX-e-∑m-sc-°p-dn®v Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. Icp-W-bpsS hn]coX-amb (H.-t\m. F{_m.

3:8,15; 4:7) 9:8 se {Ko°p ]Z-Øn¬ \n∂pw (kv¢odp-t\m˛sklhrunw) hyXy-kvX-am-Wn-Xv.

Cu hmIyw hfsc hy‡-X-bp-≈Xpw 11:1˛6 s‚ kw£n-]vX-hp-am-Wv. sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ Nne¿ hniz-kn-

°p-∂p, sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-SmØ Nne¿ ITn-\-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. F¶nepw Cu hmIyw Hcp ssZh-imkv{X ap{Zm-

hmIyw t]mse H‰-s∏´ coXn-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-b-X-√. \ne-hn-ep≈ Hcp ssZh-im-kv{X-hm-Z-Øns‚ `mK-am-Wn-Xv.

Cu hmIy-Øn¬ hfsc hy‡-ambn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≈ kXyhpw A. 10 se k¿Δ-euInI £Whpw

XΩn¬ Hcp kwL¿j-ap-≠v. ChnsS a¿Ω-ap-≠v. hncp-≤ -{[p-h-ßfn¬, As√-¶n¬ hncp≤ Bi-b-ß-fn¬

214

GsX-¶n-ep-sam-∂ns\ sXc-s™-Sp-°p-Itbm H∂ns\ \ncm-I-cn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-X√ ]cn-lmcw.

12:39 ""Ah¿°p hniz-kn-∏m≥ Ign-™n√; AXns‚ ImcWw'' tbiphpam-bp≈ hnizm-k-_-‘-Øn¬

XpS¿∂p t]mIp-hm≥ Ah¿°p Ign-™n-√. Ahs‚ A¤p-X-ßƒ Ahsc BI¿jn-®p, ]t£ AX-hsc

tbip -a-inlm F∂ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn-te°v/B{i-b-Øn-te°v \bn-®n-√. tbml-∂m-\n¬ ""hnizm-k-

Øn\v'' Xe-ß-fp-≠v. F√m-hcpw c£ {]m]n-°p-∂n√. 8:31- 59 se Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ ImWp-I.

� ""sbi-ømhp thsd Htc-SØp ]d-bp∂p'' sbi-ømhv 6:10; 43:8 `mK-ßƒ sbi-øm-hn-eqsSbp≈ ssZhnI

ktμiw kw_-‘n®v sblq-Z-∑m-cpsS lrZbw ITn-\-s∏- -Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (H.-t\m. bnsc. 5:21; sbsl.-

12:2; Bh. 29:2˛4).

12:40 ""lrZbw'' Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ {]tXyI ]T-\-hn-jbw ImWp-I.

{]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw: lrZbw{Ko°p ]Z-amb Im¿Unb, F{_mb ]Z-amb te_v (BDB 523)s\ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ ]pXnb \nb-a-

Ønepw sk]v‰z-Pn‚nepw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. hnhn[ \ne-I-fn¬ AXp]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p (H.-t\m.

Bauer, Arndt, Gingrich and Danker, A Greek-English Lexicon, pp. 403-404)1. `uXnI Pohn-X-Øns‚ tI{μw, Hcp hy‡nsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ kmZriyw (H.-t\m. {]hr. 14:17; 2

sImcn-. 3:2˛3; bmt°m. 5:5)

2. BflnI Pohn-X-Øns‚ tI{μw (A-Xm. km∑m¿Kn-Iw)

a. ssZhw lrZ-bsØ Adn-bp∂p (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 16:15; tdma. 8:27; 1 sImcn-. 14:25; 1 sX .-

2:14; shfn-. 2:23)

a. a\pjy‚ Bflob Pohn-X-Øn-\p-]tbm-Kn-®n-cn°p∂p (H.-t\m. aØm. 15:18- 19; 18:35; tdma.

6:17; 1 Xnsam. 1:5; 2 Xnsam-. 2:22; 1 ]s{Xm. 1:22)

3. Nn¥m Pohn-X-Øns‚ tI{μw (AXm. _u≤nIw, H.-t\m. aØm. 13:15; 24:48; {]hr. 7:23; 16:14;

28:27; tdma. 1:21; 10:6; 16:18; 2 sImcn-. 4:6; Fs -. 1:18; 4:18; bmt°m. 1:26; 2 ]s{Xm. 1:19; shfn. 18:7;

lrZbw a\- ns‚ ]cym-b-ambn ˛ 2 sImcn-. 3:14- 15; ^nen-. 4:7)

4. C—-bpsS tI{μw (A-Xm. C„w, {]hr. 5:4; 11:23; 1 sImcn-. 4:5; 7:37; 2 sImcn-. 9:7)

5. hnIm-c-ß-fpsS tI{μw (H.-t\m. aØm. 5:28; {]hr-. 2:26,37; 7:54; 21:13; tdma. 1:24; 2 sImcn-. 2:4; 7:3;

Fs -. 6:22; ^nen-. 1:7).

6. Bflm-hns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS AXp-ey-ÿm\w (H.-t\m. tdma. 5:5; 2 sImcn. 1:22; Kem. 4:6

(AXm. {InkvXp \ΩpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬, Fs -. 3:17)).

7. lrZbw F∂Xv apgp-hy-‡n-Xz-sØbpw kqNn-∏n-°p∂Xn\p≈ kmZr-iy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p

(H.-t\m. aØm. 23:37; Bh. 6:5 s‚ D≤m-c-Wn). Nn¥-Iƒ, {]c-W-I-ƒ, {]hr-Øn-Iƒ F∂nh

hy‡n GXp Xc-Øn-ep-≈-h-\m-sW∂p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p≈ lrZ-b-Øns‚ am¿§-ßfm-Wv.

Cu ]Z-ßƒ°v ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ Nne {it≤bamb D]-tbm-K-ßƒ ImWmw.

a. Dev]. 6:6; 8:21, ""AXp Ahs‚ lrZ-b-Øn\p ZpxJ-ambn''; tlmti. 11:8- 9 IqSn ImWp-I

b. Bh. 4:29; 6:5, ""]q¿Æ-lr-Z-b-tØmSpw ]q¿Æ BflmthmSpw''

c. Bh. 10:16 ""lrZ-b-Øns‚ ]cn-t—-Z\''; tdma¿ 2:29

d. sbsl. 18:31- 32 ""Hcp ]pXnb lrZbw''

e. sbsl. 36:26 ""Hcp ]pXnb lrZbw'' Vs ""I√m-bp≈ lrZbw''

12:41 ""sbi-ømhv Ahs‚ tXP p I≠p... CXp ]d-™Xv'' ]g-b-\n-ba {]hm-N-I∑m¿°v ain-lm-sb-∏‰n

Adnhp e`n-®n-cp∂p F∂ kqN-\-bmWnXv (H.-t\m. eqs°m. 24:27). 1:14 se ""tXP v'' F∂ Ipdn∏p ImWp-

I.

12:42 ""F∂n´pw {]am-Wn-I-fn¬ Xs∂bpw At\-I¿ Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn®p'' tbip-hns‚ ktμiw ^ew

Imbn®p (H.-t\m. hm. 11; {]hr-. 6:7). 2:23 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWpI.

� ""G‰p-]-d-™n-√-Xm\pw'' 9:22- 23 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: G‰p-]-d-®n¬ ImWpI.

� ""]≈n{`„¿ BImXn-cn-∏m≥'' (H.-t\m. 9:22; 16:2).

12:43 bYm¿∞ hnizmkw t]mepw _e-lo-\hpw `b-ap-≈Xpw Nne-t∏mƒ {]Jym-]n-°-s∏-Sm-ØXpw Bbn-cn-

°p-sa-∂v CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-jw, ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂Xv hnhn[ A¿∞-Øn¬

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p˛ {]mY-anI BI¿jWw apX¬ icn-bmb c£n-∏n≥ hnizm-k-Øns‚ sshIm-cnI {]Xn-I-

cWw hsc AXn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

215

tbml-∂m≥ 12:44- 50

44tbip hnfn®p]d™Xp: F∂n¬ hnizkn°p∂h≥ F∂ne√ Fs∂ Ab®h\n¬ Xt∂

hnizkn°p∂p. 45Fs∂ ImWp∂h≥ Fs∂ Ab®hs\ ImWp∂p. 46F∂n¬ hnizkn°p∂h≥

Bcpw Ccpfn¬ hkn°mXncn∏m≥, Rm≥ shfn®ambn temIØn¬ h∂ncn°p∂p. 47Fs‚ hN\w

tI´p {]amWn°mØhs\ Rm≥ hn[n°p∂n√; temIsØ hn[n∏m\√; temIsØ c£n∏m\t{X

Rm≥ h∂ncn°p∂Xp. 48Fs‚ hN\w ssIs°m≈msX Fs∂ X≈n°fbp∂hs\ \ymbw hn[n

°p∂h≥ D≠p; Rm≥ kwkmcn® hN\w Xt∂ HSp°sØ \mfn¬ Ahs\ \ymbw hn[n°pw.49Rm≥ kzbambn kwkmcn®n´n√; Fs∂ Ab® ]nXmhp Xt∂ Rm≥ C∂Xp ]dtbWw F∂pw,

C∂Xp kwkmcnt°Ww F∂pw Iev]\ X∂ncn°p∂p. 50Ahs‚ Iev]\ \nXyPoh≥ F∂p

Rm≥ Adnbp∂p; BIbm¬ Rm≥ kwkmcn°p∂Xp ]nXmhp Ft∂mSp Acpfns®bvXXpt]mse

Xt∂ kwkmcn°p∂p.

12:44 ""F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h≥ F∂n-e√ Fs∂ Ab-®-h-\n¬ Xs∂ hniz-kn-°p∂p'' hnizm-k-

Øns‚ e£yw BXy-¥n-I-ambn ]nXm-hmWv (H.-t\m. 1 sImcn-. 15:25- 27). CXv Bh¿Øn®p ImWp∂ hnj-

b-amWv (H.-t\m. aØm. 10:40; 5:24). ]p{Xs\ Adn-bpI F∂m¬ ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bp-∂-XmWv (H.-t\m. 1

tbml. 5:10- 12).

12:45 ssZhw Fß-s\-bp-≈-h-\mWv? tbip-hns\ ImWp-∂Xv ssZhsØ ImWp-∂Xn\p Xpey-amWv (H.-t\m.

14:7˛10)!

12:46 Dev]. 3 apX¬ temIw Ccp- n-emWv (H.-t\m. 6:5,11- 12; 8:21; k¶o. 14:3; sbi-. 53:6; tdma. 3:9˛23)

12:47 ""Fs‚ hN\w tI´p {]am-Wn-°m-Ø-hs\'' {Inbm-flI {]hr-Øn-sb-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂ {]Ya]pcp-j-

tkm-]m-[nI hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv. hnizmkw apJm-¥-c-ap≈ \ΩpsS XpS¿am\ hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘-Øns‚ AS-

bm-f-amWv XpS¿am-\-amb A\p-k-c-Ww. c£m- -{ZX (1 tbml. 5:13 se {]tXyI ]T\ hnjbw ImWp-I)

A\p-k-c-WØns‚bpw ÿntcm-’m-l-Øns‚bpamb cq]m-¥-c-s∏-´Xpw cq]m-¥-c-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-

amb Pohn-X-Øn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. (8:31 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWpI; H.t\m. bmt°m-_v,

1 tbml-∂m≥).

12:47-˛48 ""temIsØ hn[n-∏m-\-√, temIsØ c£n-∏m-\t{X Rm≥ h∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv'' tbip h∂Xv

{]mY-an-I-ambn temIsØ hos≠-Sp-°m-\m-Wv, F∂m¬ Ah≥ h∂p F∂ tIhe hkvXpX Hcp sXcs™-

Sp-∏n\p a\p-jys\ \n¿_-‘n-°p-∂p. Ah¿ Ahs\ \nc-kn-®m¬ Ah¿ XßsfØs∂ \ymbw hn[n-°p∂p

(8:31 se {]tXyI ]T\hnjbw ImWp-I, H.-t\m. tbml-. 3:17- 21).

12:49- 50 tbip kz¥ A[n-Im-c-Ø-e-√, ssZhnI A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p∂p.

12:50

NASB, NKJV ""Ahs‚ Iev]\ \nXy-Po-h≥ BIp∂p''

NRSV, TEV,NET ""Ahs‚ Iev]\ \nXy-Po-h≥ sIm≠p-h-cp∂p''

NJB ""Ahs‚ Iev]-\-I-fpsS A¿∞w \nXy-Po-h≥ F∂m-Ip∂p''

REB ""-A-hs‚ Iev]-\-I-ƒ \nXy-Po-h≥ BIp-∂p''

NIV ""Ahs‚ Iev]\ \nXy-Po-h-\n-te°p \bn-°p∂p''

Net (footnote) ""Ahs‚ Iev]-\-I-fpsS ^ew \nXy-Po-h-\m-Ip∂p''

H∂m-a-tØXv B£-coI {Ko°v thZ- m-K-am-Wv. a‰p-≈h AXns‚ A¿∞sØ hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-

I-bm-Wv.

NASB bn¬ 6:68 BWv kam-¥c hmIyw. AtX-k-abw ssa°n-ƒ amKn-√ns‚ \yq sSÃvsa‚ v {Sm≥kv

sse\n¬ tbml. 17:8 BWv kam-¥c hmIyw. sPtdmw _nªn-°¬ Ia‚dn-bn¬ tbml. 10:18 BWv kam-

¥c hmIyw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cu {]tbmKw Zp¿{K-l-am-Wv.

tbml-∂m-\n¬ ""Iev]\'' F∂-Xn\v {]tXyI hymJym\ {]m[m-\y-an-√msX GI-h-N-\hpw _lp-h-N-

\hpw amdn-amdn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v.

216

{]tXyI ]T\hnjbw: tbml-∂ms‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬

""Iev]\'' F∂-Xns‚ D]-tbmKw1. tamssiI \ymb-{]-am-W-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcn-SØv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p, tbml. 8:5

2. ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂v tbip-hn\v

a. Xs‚ ho≠p-∏n≥ bmK-Øn-t∑-ep≈ \nb-{¥Ww, tbml. 10:18; 12:49˛50; 14:31

b. ]nXm-hnt\mSp≈ tbip-hns‚ kvt\lw temIw Adn-bp-∂Xv, tbml. 14:31

c. tbip ]nXm-hns‚ Iev]\ A\p-k-cn®p, tbml. 15:10

3. tbip-hn¬ \n∂pw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

a. Ahs‚ kvt\l-Øn¬ hkn-°pI, tbml-. 14:15; 15:10

b. Ah≥ Ahsc kvt\ln-®-Xp-t]mse Ahcpw XΩn¬ XΩn¬ kvt\ln-°pI, tbml. 13:34;

15:12,17; 1 tbml. 2:7˛8; 3:11,23; 4:7,21; 2 tbml-. 5

c. Ahs‚ Iev]\ {]am-Wn-°pI (A-XmbXv b),- tbm-l-. 14:15; 15:10,14; 1 tbml. 2:3,4; 3:22,24; 5:1˛3;

2 tbml-. 6

4. ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂p hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

a. tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-I, 1 tbml-. 3:23 (H.-t\m. tbml-. 6:29)

b. XΩn¬ XΩn¬ kvt\ln-°p-I, 1 tbml. 3:23









1. F¥n\mWv emk-dns‚ ktlm-Zcn adnb tbip-hns‚ Imen¬ ssXew ]qin-bXv?

2. Cu kw`-h-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ aØm-bnepw a¿s°m-knepw eqs°m-knepw t\cnb

hyXymkw ImWp-∂Xv F¥p-sIm-≠mWv?

3. ]pcp-jmcw CuØ-∏-\-bpsS Ipcp-tØm-e-bp-ambn tbip-hns\ FXntcev°p-Ibpw k¶o. 118 ¬ \n∂p

D≤-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xns‚ {]m[m-\y-sa-¥mWv?

4. Xt∂mSp kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ bh-\-∑m¿ At]-£n-®Xv tbip-hns\ hnIm-c-`-cn-X-\m-°nbXv F¥p

sIm≠mWv?

5. tbip-hns‚ D≈w Ie-ßn-b-sX-¥p-sIm-≠mWv? (hm. 27)

6. tbml-∂m≥ ""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂ ]Zw \nc-h[n A¿∞-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ ImcWw

hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I.

v hcp bapjw - freebiblecommentary.org · tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn\v hcp bapjw {]mcw` {] ... c....

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