БЫЛ ТАКОЙ ГОРОД THERE USED TO BE A TOWN

« One is not truly dead until one's name is forgotten »Talmud

Vishki,a shtetl in Latvia

Вишки, Višķi, Viski, Wyschki,Vishki or ױשקי was a small shtetl about 15 miles north of Daugavpils,named either in russian Двинск - Dvinsk – in german Dünaburg in the gubernia of Witebsk when belonging to the Russian

empire . Castle mounds,ancient tombstones and bronze jewelry discovered in the district indicate that Vishki district was populated in ancient times.

On name “Vishki”

name of a village of historical origin, which is explained with the help of Sanskrit language (it is commonly believed that ancient predecessors of today’s Latvian and Lithuanian languages were the closest languages to Sanskrit out of all European languages – here and henceforth translator’s note)

Sanskrit – ancient scientific and religious language in India

Word “vish” – meaning “going inside”, “entering”

Word “kr” – meaning “to act”, “to trade”, “to get”

Combining these words, an expression is formed – “place or square, which is entered to trade, act, get”. Being more concise, a “market square”.

Obviously, first such “market square” in our region was formed in the place which was called Vishki.

Nowadays Vishki is a village in Vishki parish, Daugavpils district.The population of the Vishki parish is :2389 inhabitants but the village counts less than 150 inhabitants.Most of the time it looks like a ghost

village

Vishki is situated on the

banks of three lakes,Luknas,Visku and Dodkas ezers. As seen on the map the Jewish cemetery still remains but I'll write about it later. The shtetl History Jews settled at the end of 18 th century, barely eking out a living as tradesmen.The oldest grave in the Jewish cemetery is dated November 28,1841 and it is the grave of Pieshe,daughter of

but as Bruce Dumes wrote in his travel blog in 2007 « When we were there yesterday, we saw at least a couple of dozen people: old people tending their gardens, kids walking around and riding bikes, people walking home from a bus stop bringing home the groceries for the evening. You look closer, and you'll see clean curtains in the windows, fresh flowers on the sills …. »

Sonia Usdin's former house in Vishki

Ytzhak Marta Skavronskaya(1684-1727)was born in the village of Vishki. She was the wife of Peter I and was called

Ekaterina I,empress of all Russia(1725-1727) From the end of the XVIII century till the mid XX century the Jews comprised the majority of population.

Year Population Jews % Jews 1847 194 1897 959 668 70,00% 1914 1200 850 68,00% 1920 832 567 67,00% 1925 757 510 67,00% 1930 770 530 68,00% 1935 750 423 56,00%

They labored,typically,in small goods trade and crafts,and their income was for the most part seriously limited.Nevertheless,by dint of their own efforts,they established a series of important communal institutions,among them the Bikkur Holim(i.e visiting the Sick Association).Under the community's juridiction was a public bathhouse,a synagogue,a Jewish school and more.

The synagogue was a wooden building was constructed on Riga st(now Bazarnaya st)in 1880 and reconstructed in 1936.On this year there were 108 community members.Nothing but the basement and one fallen column is left.I have been told that it was destroyed by the Soviets after WWII. Beginning with the second half of the nineteenth century until the end of the community existence,rabbis from Platzinski family occupied the seat of rabbinic authority for ome 90 years.The first from this family,Rabbi Moshe(Mishel)Pulchinski,who was known as "the prodigy of Sovalk"officiated here for over 40 years.After his death in 1907,his work was fullfilled through his son,Rabbi Yehuda Leib Shlomo

Platzinski ,who occupied the seat of authority for approximately 25 years,until the mid 30's.After

him,his son,Rabbi Yaakov Meir Platzinski served the rabbinate.He was killed in 1941 by the nazis. After WWI the population was greatly reduced due to the flow of refugees in the years of WWI, the migration of the Jewish youths to Palestine and the Latvia cities. In Vishki there were 158 houses and 88 of them belonged to Jews.A portion of the jews of Vishki abandoned their homes and travelled deeper into Russia.As a result of the battles which raged in the municipality in the years1917-1919,the majority of the housing was destroyed or damaged.Many Jews were enrolled in the czar army or such as my

Grandfather joined the army and never returned to Latvia.The Jews especially suffered from shortages and distress in the period of Bolshevick rules in 1919. From a statistical survey conducted in the years 1935 it is clear that out of 58 stores and businesses that were in the municipality,50 were Jewish ownership,including all the clothing stores,shoe stores,iron merchandising,haberdashery,and neibourhood groceries,except for one.78 of the 158 inns in the municipality were jewishly owned.The majority of these inns were typically one story wooden strustures with a court or adjacent grounds. There are 175 separate families living in the village.

In the village there is a senior policeman, post office, , 3 schools, a Latin Church and a synagogue.

In the village there are 158 houses (populated places).

39 houses (24,68%) belong to Latvians. 54 houses (34,18%) have got 1 room , 46 (29,11%) two, 37 (23,42%) three, 7 (4,43%) four, 2 (1,27%) five, and 12 (7,59%) six or more rooms.

122 (77,22%) take drinking water from wells, 4 (2,53%) from pumps, 30 (18,98) from natural water reservoirs, but 2 (1,27%) use another way.

In 55 (34,81%) houses there is a kerosene lamp, but 103 (65,19%) houses have got electric illumination.

List of homeowners for 1935(including non Jews) 1)Tzifra Balanova 2)David and Ytzik Bleiman and Izrael Dumesh 3)Gecel and Izrael Brachman and Izrael Meilach 4)Itzok Ciser and Sheine Landsberg 5)Freida Dlins,Hana-Rivka Kis and Esther Khana Katz 6)Khaya-Riva Kis 7)Chenoch Dumesh 8)Vulf Josel,Khaya and Leja Dumesh and Heva- Zelda Donde 9)Abraham Dlina Mantiniek 10)Yulian Dobrzanski 11)Eduard Filmanovich 12)Doba Igol 13)Stanislas Gaga 14)Elja-Mendel Goras 15)Lina,Judel,Itzik and Rachel Gurland 16)Nochum Gram

17)Abram-Motel Grein 18)Josel and Hirsch Golandski and Haja Usdin 19)Zismon Judin 20)Yudasha Pinchus Kas 21)Doba-Reiza,Paja,Ozer and Inta Kitz 22)Rachel Kukle 23)Izrael-Jud Kil 24)Sebastian Lalin 25)Pinche Landsberg and Sora-Hana Kapilovich 26)Adam Mezkul 27)Abram Meilach 28)Abram Magid 29)Rocha-Reiza Notkin 30)Myriam,Samuel,Izrael,Kusiel and Leiba Novik 31)Izrael,Abram,Doba,Rein and Beila Openstein 32)Pavel Obodnikov 33)Shlioma-Leiba Platzinski 34)Aron Pogil 35)Samuel Pogil 36)Beila Pogil 37)Morduch Pogil and Necham Novik 38)Salmon Tchepshelevich 39)Mikel Skorochod 40)Pinchus Skorochod 41)Ytzik Usdin 42)Ytzik Usdin 43)Bierka and Ytzik Usdin 44)Haim Ulman 45)Hassia Ulman 46)Zelik Ulman 48)Peter Voitkevich 49)Herman Zument 50)Zelik Tzirin 51)Janis Morozov 52)Jekusiel Novik 53)Abram Melach 54)Helena Sabanski 56)Ruvka Ulman 57)Auzer Notkin 58)Levin Pogil 59)Auzer Notkin 60)Hirsch Kukle 61)Marija Voitkevich 63)Anna Grobin 64)Anna Eglit 65)Katrin Klavin 66)Janis Bekes 67)Stanislav Andzerevich 68)Ignat Zuril 69)Anna Bekes 70)Demjan Vassiliev 71)Anton Skromani

72)Dominik Bondarevski 73)Monika Karklin 74)Alois Ragovski 75)Artur Namniek 76)Nochum Kaminarov 77)Aron Treger 78)Stanislav Kipan 79)August Kipan 80)Janis Grzibovski 81)Ieva Varpsaleiti 82)Janis Mednis 83)Lidia Stein 84)Vera Gofmeister 85)Mikel Beinarovich 86)Victor Grzibovski 87)Zenon Puntuz 88)Bronislav Petrovich 89)Jazep Adamovich 90)Elisabeth Voitkevich 91)Elka Treger 92)Stanislav Barshevski 93)Aleks Bach 94)Jazep Galvan 95)Dominik Voitzkevich 96)Kazimir Voitzkevich 97)Artur Balodi 98)Stanislav Delver 99)Alexandre Veveli 100)Janis Bekes 101)Bronislav Kaveski 102)Alexandre Shernavski 103)Janis Gud 104)Jefim Obodniger 105)Vitold Tarbuna 106)Josel Treger 107)Alexandre Barshevski 108)Karp Sokolov 109)Aron Rein 110)Teodor Ivanov 111)Ruvin Gurevich 112)Ruvin Berger 113)Mozus Ulfkeman 115)Hisch Berger 116)Uris Doude 117)Leiba Dumesh 118)Rivka Gram 119)Yankel Subat 120)Gruna Jouje 121)Anton Koluz 122)Konstantin Parfinovich 123)Faivus Grein 124)Antona Parfimovich

125)Alex Michailov 126)Eduar Voitkevich 127)Ifraim Goldfain 128)Maria Kikust 129)Iser Hesus 130)Leiba Kis 131)Karl Leihus 132)Stanislas Radzevich 133)Maria Voitkevich 134)Ber Kaminarov 135)Janis Kokins 136)Abram Levin 137)Agnes Goga 138)Moivsha Novik 139)Morduch Pogil 140)Vulf Novoselok 141)Girsa Grein 142)Abram Rein 143)Jazeps Gulan 144)Janis Visker 145)Peteris Skutan 146)Anton Voitkevich 147)Francisca Bartkevich 148)Vladislav Barkevich 149)Jezups Kampan 151)Abram,Raya-Ester and Sheina Kil 152)Leja Skorodoch 153)Shliom,Leiba Usdin 154)Liuba,Shula,Pera,Musja,Shlioma,Leiba Usdin 159)Gita Kis 160)Bronislav Kaveski 163)Ber Kis 164)Vladislav Ivanov 165)Leiba Katz 166)Ber Kis 167)Stanislav Jermancan 168)Leizer Skorocod 170)Michel Rein 172)Meyer Pogil

List for shopowners in 1935

On Aglona st

N° NAMES 1 Hirsch Berger.Truckshop 4 Esther Valk.Drapers

25 Dona Lalin.Grocer's 34 Musja Usdin.House 36 Haja Usdin.Truckshop 38 -Rivka Gram.Colonial products

shop -Sarah Gram.Truckshop -Bierka Pogil.Colonial products shop -Aron Pogil.Meat and sausage shop -Shlioma Goldstein.Footwear and leather shop -Khaikel Novik.Meat and sausage shop -Rosa Meilach.Grain shop -Moshe Novoselok.hat shop -Anna Voikevich.Hairdresser -Mowsha-Selik,his wife Feiga-Ginda and the family of Haim Wulf Novoselok.House

39 -Meyer Kaca.Colonial products shop -Shalom Magich.Ready made clothes shop

40 -Genya Dumesh.Colonial products shop

-Frida Gurevich.Drapers and pottery shop

41 -Ytzik and Gita Usdin.Footwear

and leather shop

-Yankel Gurevich.Truck shop

-Vladislava Bartkevich.Colonial products shop

-Hana Barbakova.Colonial products shop

Ytzik Usdin's phone Nbr.31(phone book of Vishki for year 1941)

42 Aron Pogil.Drapers 44 -Tzifra Gram.Footwear and leather

shop

-Rivka Grob.Fancy good

-Sonia Jerson.Drapers

-Gelas Grab.Drapers

-Saya Meilach.Truck shop

-Beines Skorochodas.Footwear and leather shop

-Voldemar Greng.Hairdresser's

48 Janis Bekiss.Wine and vodka shop 50 Ytzik Usdin.Footwear and leather

shop 51 Tzifra Balonova.Colonial products

shop 52 Haja Ulman.Meat and sausage

shop 53 Artur Balodis.Pharmacy 64 -House of Berka Usdin(his wife

Genya and 4 children)

-Ester Cizer.Truck shop

76 Nota Dumesh,his wife Ginta-

Jocha and their children lived in this house(house at the corner with "Riga street") .House numbered 31 now.

78 Sora Rein.Colonial products shop 80 Bella Pogil.Drapers 82 Shlioma and Alter

Shepshelevich.Colonial products shop

86 Doba Kit .Truck shop 88 Hirsh Pogil.Drapers 92 Elka

Kuklis(Kukle,Kokle).Colonial products shop

94 Izrael Kis.Truck shop 97 Josela Kaminova.Meat and

sausage shop 102 Leiba Kis.Truck shop 123 Mozuz Ulfkilman.Hairdresser's 147 Rivka

Gram,bornAlterman.Colonial products shop

176 Abo Pogil.Drapers N° not stated

Abraham Igola.Colonial products shop

N° not stated

Musja Pogil .Drapers

N° not stated

David Goron.Truck shop

N° not stated

Ginda Gurevich.Iron goods shop

N° not stated

Ytzik and Ida Usdin.House

N° not stated

Rivka and Esfir Gram.House.Rivka Gram was born Alterman.

N° not stated

Sora Gorosch and a widow Hena-Dweira Usdin.House

On Riga st for 1935(today Bazarnaya st)

82 Pelageja Smirnova.Grocer's 102 Leiba Kiss.Shop 112 Aron Pogil and his wife Sora-

Jocha,born Gram.House 118 Izrael Dumesh,his wife Bluma and

their 2 children.House 121 Ruvin Gurevich..Hair dresser and

colonial products shop 123 Mozus Ulfkulman.Hairdresser's 127 -Leib-Wulf Dumesh and his

sisters Haya and Mnucha-Liba.House

-Elka Treger.Truck shop

-Chaim and Sheina Dumesh,Shender(his brother),a widow Haja and her family,Genoch and his family,Ytzik and his family Dumesh

On Kraslava st

80 Leiba Novika.Truck shop

Vishki is situated 4,5 km from the parish house and 5 km from the nearest railway station Vishki. The village has got bus communication with Daugavpils town. The first railways came to Latvia in the 1850s when construction of the important St. Petersburg - Warsaw line was started in Latgale. Soon after, in the 1860s and 70s, trains started to run along new lines from Riga to Daugavpils, Daugavpils - Vitebska, Riga - Jelgava, Riga - Tukums and .

The railway station of Vishki was constructed at the end of the XIX and still remains.I took these photos last spring 2008.

The holocaust in Vishki

People’s normal life was interrupted by WWII, which started in 1939. In 1940 Latvia was occupied by Soviet Union’s army and in 1941 right after Soviet Union joining the WWII, Latvia was occupied by Nazi Germany. Daugavpils and adjacent districts were under German army control already on June 26, while on Oct 8 1941 already all Latvia was occupied. Already in March-April 1941, by the task of A.Hitler, under the leadership of H.Himler and R.Heidrih Germany’s Main Security Council had devised an action plan of eliminating the Jews in the occupied territories. This plan was intended as a total elimination of Jewish nation, which is known by the term “Holocaust”. In Latvia this slaughterous operation was entrusted to general-major V. Shtalker. It was ordered to widely involve local population in the Holocaust. This is was Nazi Germany organized crime, which was carried out by special units from Germany, involving local werewolves, in which hands arms were placed. In many cases they were joined by people with violent and statistical tendencies. After the first line of German army, that treated locals well, also in Vishki Nazi special unit appeared in order to destroy the Jews. They were violent towards all locals, breaking into the houses and shouting “Hands Up!”, searching he houses and stealing worthy belongings. In Vishki village, in the pub belonging to J.Bekesh, a commanding center was formed (headed by Ratnieks and his deputy Saulishs), but in the fire station – a detention centre for the locals that were accused for being Soviet collaborationists, “Reds”.Page 36 -37: In Vishki District most bloody operations were organized and carried out by home-grown “zhyd-shooters” (“žīds”- Latvian for “a Jew”, which was changed after the war to “ebrejs”, from Russian “еврей”, to avoid parallels with the Holocaust. While in Russian “жид” is an offensive and derogative word, in the Baltic languages it didn’t have a negative connotation before the war. In Lithuanian, word “žydas” is still in use, the street in old Vilnius were Vilno Gaon lived is called today Žydu iela), who after the war were remembered by the elderly. They were horrified telling about inhumane atrocities these people committed. Tragedy of Vishki Jews started in July 1941, when those involved in the local commanding centre started to recruit locals to identify and eventually bring together all Jews. Ostrov Wood by the Vishki Lake was being prepared for the bloody operation, it was announced to the locals that Jews will be shot there, machine-guns were being installed. Vishki District became a closed zone, all the Jews were taken to Ostrov. Suddenly, an order came to call off the operation. Jews came back to their homes to prepare for transfer to Daugavpils Ghetto, where all the Jews had to arrive by July 26 1941. Some Jews were shot in the village, on the Jewish cemetery. Most of the Jewish families from Vishki District (over a hundred in number), took their valuables in the bags and by the Kalnavishki road went in Daugavpils direction, both on foot and in horse carts. Those too exhausted to carry on were shot on the way. On the way to Daugavpils Ghetto Vishki Jews were first taken to the jail house, where all their belongings were taken away. After that they were transferred to Griva Barracks, the most terrifying Ghetto in Latvia. Barracks were mostly demolished, with barely any doors or windows, in some buildings even with no roofs. Initially there were about 23,000 Jews in the Barracks. People existed in unbearable conditions and scarcity. On July 29 1940 “rarefaction” of Ghetto inhabitants started. Some were transferred to “better facilities” in Mezhciems Camp. Firstly, those over 60 were chosen for deadly transfers. Ghetto was still quiet, as people did not believe that column of old people taken to Mezhciems was killed (Jews were shot in the Poguljanka Forest). On August 2 all of Latgale Jews (including those from Vishki) were prepared for “transfer to a separate camp with

Ostrov forest in Vishki

improved conditions”. In order no to cause hostility for “transfer”, column was accompanied by city’s (not mentioned, but probably Daugavpil’s) chief doctor-therapist Gurevich, who’s task was to provide medical care if necessary. Also this time Jews believed their executioners. Doctor Gurevich (poisoned himself in Concentration Camp by Riga in 1944) was an eye-witness to an August 2 transfer. He later told (when he was transferred to Concentration Camps after shootings of Latgala Jews): “I saw everything. I heard shouts and moans of the poor desperate people. Some of them were fighting the murderers like lions. I saw how betrayed Jews, even wounded and bleeding to death, were attacking the executioners with their bare hands, some with stones, and were fighting till their last breath. These were strong, courageous people. About 20 shooters were wounded, and a few were strangled and taken with them to the pit”. (out of Z.Jakub’s book Jews in Daugavpils, publ. 1993). Only a few Vishki Jews managed to save their lives: those who fled Vishki or were hiding at the locals. Grisha Fogel and Josef Reins were hiding in Korolyevschina, but later for 2.5 years in Harcishki at Sergey Trofimov’s house. Conductor of Daugavpils Symphonic Orchestra Pauls Krumins (died in 1965 in Riga) hid outstanding violinist Cila Gradis and her sister Nadja at his friends in Vishki and later in Niderkuni village. These were courageous people of various nationalities, who risking their own life, saved innocent people form death. Pages of Vishki Disctrict’s history also remember Dagda’s Jews tragedy in Kalnavishki. Locals, who today all are over 70, remember another event in 1941, a heartless, horrifying and hard-to-comprehend in today’s civilized world. This was on one July morning, when Vishki Jews were already evacuated to Daugavpils Ghetto and their belongings were robbed. Ostrov residents noticed, that from Aglona side there was a big crowd moving towards Vishki, followed by a few horse-carts. It soon appeared that these were Dagda Jews, that were also escorted to Daugavpils. People were exhausted and hungry. Some of them were trying to hide in the rye fields, but the guards noticed them. Ostrov locals were warned not to try to hideout the Jews. There were mixed reactions when meeting Dagda Jews in Vishki: Olga Istikovska and her mother brought water and bread to the evacuees, while “zhyd-shooters” were preparing for another blood-bath. Those imprisoned in the Fire Station were offered to participate in the shootings, in exchange for being freed from custody. Jews were going to Kalnavishki, followed by Gypsies caught in Vishki, carrying shovels. On a Moist Hill (Slapjš Kalns), called so by the locals, there was a big pit dug out by the road. This is were the road of the Dagda Jews was to end… At about 10:00 in the neighboring villages the locals heard machine-gun shots. After a couple of hours everything silenced. People wanted to see, to know what happened. It turned out that the pit was full to the edges with bodies. In early Spring 1942 from Kalnavishki Quarry water flooded towards the pit, and body parts started to appear here and there. Land flooded by blood was flattened again. When German army backed out, Kalnavishki road was closed for a few days, around the pit a big tent was constructed and bodies were burned. Until today the elders in Vishki remember the black dust and the stench coming with the wind from Kalnavsihki. Translation of Eleonora Petrovna's book "No Višķu pagasta vēsturē" Non exaustiv list of the holocaust victims in Vishki. Жертвы Голокоста Алексеев Луха 1891 Алексива Аргиника 1854 Алексива Ульяна 1921 Алексеев Николай 1883

Бераф Фейга Бераф Хайм-Симан Бераф Иоссиф Бераф Ицак Бергер Рухиш 1903 Бергер Фейга 1906 Бергер Хаим-Симен 1920 Бергер Иосиф 1931 Бергер Ицак 1938 Бергер Рахиль 1881

Берндович Николай Кажтантинов 1920 Бордамов Евганий Якинович 1896 Бладекий Ирам Блат(?) Лба 1891 Блат(?) Хая 1901 Блат(?) Линда 1927 Блатинслий Мер 1901 Блатинслий Бейля 1911 Богданов Мойсей 1893 Богданова Мария Евлам 1901 Богданов Куприям Евяами(?) Богданов Засикий Свяами(?) Брахман Израиль 1918 Брахман Моше 1939 Брахман Соня 1916 Бятман(?)Давид 1873 Бятман Э(?) 1886 Бошль(?) Борис 1889 Бошль(?) Соня1894 Бошль(?) 1927 Булат Хася Булат Мира Булат Иосиф Булат Ейда Бусат(?) Ицик 1935 Бусат(?) Эйда 1879 (Бусат(?) Уздин Хая-Сора 1874

Вайнер Гриша 1885 Вайнер Либо 1923 Вайнер Хаяда 1925 Вайнер Файбиш 1927 Вайнер Рувин 1901 Вайнер Нахан 1901 Валк Цена 1896 Валк Хава 1911 Валк Нахум Валк Доба Валк Залман 1906 Валк Шлум 1934 Васияев Сафранович 1913 Васильев Сеяик Сафранович 1922

Галь Фейдрум 1919 Гирянд(?) Леба 1896 Гитель Абрам 1892 Гитель Сора 1889 Гитель Израиль 1883 Гитель Бейся 1865 Гольдфан Борис Гольдфан Хася Гольдфан Сора Гольштель Шломо

Гoнандский(?) Герам 1880 Горан Женя 1901 Горан Рокшсия 1905 Горан Хайм 1931 Горин Янкель 1900 Горин Соня 1902 Гошь Муся Гошфель Шима 1861 Грам Елка 1923 Грамь Рива 1874 Грам Лейбо 1906 Грам Лейбо 1921 Грам Эшел 1921 Грам Отар 1921 Грам Леймах 1927 Грам Фрида 1924 Грам Песя 1926 Грам Мовша 1878 Грам Фрида 1881 Грам Женя Грам Циля 1888 Грам Семен Грейн Людвик 1876 Грейн Люсей 1925 Грейн Мордух Грейн Рахим 1928 Гроб Лишат(?) 1890 Гроб Фейса 1896 Гурвич Либо Гурвич Мордух 1876 Гурвич Нота Гурвич Фрида 1881 Гурвич Песя 1876 Гурвич Рубим 1886 Гурвич Дима 1929 Гурвич Петр Давидович Беицман 1896 Давидович Циля 1896 Димибреев Кузма Савеянвич 1918 Добор Женя 1911 Думешь Кусель 1891 Думешь Цила 1921 Думешь Лейба 1881 Думешь Дона 1891 Думеш Мота 1886 Думеш Этна(?) 1884 Думеш Липа 1921 Думеш Доба 1924 Думеш Цила Думеш Сора

Зейшман Хана 1888

Зейшман Ябо 1928 Зейшман Ицик 1931 Зсичиксон(?) Цаяка 1901

Кабан Давид 1905 Кац Вулфь 1901 Кац Лейбо 1881 Кац Марияна 1927 Кац Маша 1914 Кац Юдаша 1933 Кац Янкель 1887 Кац Яйхаль 1914 Каминаров(?) Беяциак(?) 1871 Каминаров Песя 1881 Кит Доба Кит Галя Кит Хайсел 1906 Киш Цила 1909 Киш Н 1886 Киш Хахим 1906 Козинадов(?) Хайм 1872 Козинадов(?) Хая 1901 Козинадов(?) Хася 1921 Козинадов(?) Иосиф 1918 Крумат Ида 1901 Крумат Альма(Олга) 1923 Крумат Рива 1929 Крумат Хая 1931

Ларионов Григорий Бимофеевич 1909 Лейдир ? Лейдир Арам

Магид Ицик 1894 Магид Соня Магид Хасина Макряков Павел Акбратович 1923 Макряков Ольга Грифановна 1921 Машд(?) Абрам 1888 Мейлик Мар(?) 1924 Мейлик Арон 1926 Мейлах Иля(Лия) 1927 Мейлах Клара 1898 Мейлах Эстер 1939 Мейлах Генох 1897 Мейлах Дора 1901 Мейлах Янкель 1929 Мейлах Риба 1932 Мейлах Соня 1908 Мейлах Лейзер 1896 Мейлах Рояда(?) 1896 Мейлах Бейска 1927 Мейлах Израйль 1895 Мейлах Ида 1893

Мейлах Фрида 1825 Мейлах Роза 1910 Мейлах Шая 1897

Наморов Иахум 1884 Наморов Роза 1886 Наморов Бишсус(?) 1927 Напик(?)Медра Изидорович 1914 Николаев Кирия Новик Борис 1918 Новик Ицак 1919 Новик Кусель 1896 Новик Лея 1920 Новик Роза Новик Хая Новик Шанка Новик Шмуйл Новик Хося 1906 Новик Сеидер 1929 Новоселок Вульф 1934 Новоселок Цила 1936 Новоселок Фейга 1876 Ноткин Эсаих 1896 Ноткин Ляма(?) 1901 Ноткин Хаим 1929

Осий Эстер 1897

Погиль Аба 1893 Погиль Арон 1901 Погиль Бейла 1933 Погиль Соня 1903 Погиль Левик 1876 Погиль Лионя 1906 Погиль Давид 1929 Погиль Гуд 1931 Погиль Иосиф 1898 Погиль Мордух 1901 Погиль Муса 1871 Погиль Лоля 1906 Погиль Пака 1935 Погиль Хаярора 1890 Погиль Бенциак 1923 Погиль Гендрих 1926 Помаров Нахух Помаров Роза Помаров Пиплус

Раишвергер(?)Рида 1901 Раишвергер(?)Шая 1906 Рац Лейбо 1881 Рац Янкель 1887 Рац Яихаль 1914 Рац Маша 1914 Рейн Беямя 1899

Рейн Борис 1896 Рейн Давид 1931 Рейн Павек Рейн Лейба 1917 Рейн Лей 1884 Рейн И 1870 Рейн Лейзер 1917 Рейн Рахим 1921 Рейн Беля 1923 Рейн Роза 1903 Рейн Янкель 1932 Рейн Гиди 1898 Рейн Рищиль 1935 Рейн Гедма(?) 1870 Рейн Шира 1921 Рейн Хамавинка 1886 Рейнис Доба Рейнис Цила Рейнис Карпан 1896 Рейнис Песя 1892 Рейнис Рубин 1923 Рейнис Хая 1911 Рейнис Сора Доба 1939 Рейнис Хана 1917 Рейнис Цила 1938 Рейнис Хая 1903 Розин Шпир 1894

Скон Яков Сранимекий Шолом(?) 1881 Субат Абрам 1891 Субат Элаида 1896

Тваруман Шалум 1881 Трегер Иосиф 1896 Трегер Рейн 1898 Трегер Давив 1929 Трегер Рубин 1925 Трегер Арон 1891 Трегер Фрун-Доба 1894 Трегер Мера-Риба 1883 Трегер Лейбо 1931 Трижнев Семен

Ульман Рувар 1897 Ульман Дабор 1924 Ульман Давид 1926 Ульман Хая 1881 Уздин Ицик Уздина Виржиня 1929 Уздина Белла 1925 Уздина Гита 1880 Уздина Ида 1885 Уздина Мира 1924

Уздин Михайл Уздин Нахман 1927 Уздина Фрида 1923 Уздин Герман 1897 Уздина Видшния 1929 Уздин Израиль 1908 Уздина Перл 1921 Уздин Рафаел 1921 Уздина Рена 1896 Уздина Женя 1894 Уздина Жени 1939 Уздина Сора 1914 Уздина Сора 1933 Уздина Тайбел 1899 Уздина Эстер 1902 Уздина Хая-Мерка 1887 Уздина Шуламит 1910 Уздин Лейб Уздин Шломо

Файнстайн Алюшей 1910 Файнстайн Фульф 1929 Файнстайн Хана 1931 Файнстайн Лейбо 1935 Файнстайн Сембара(?) 1870 Федоров Киган 1852 Фельдерфаим Борис 1901 Фельдерфаим Хая-Сора 1939

Цеяман(?)Гайда(?) 1891 Цифкальман(?) Моисей 1901 Цифкальман(?) Берта 1903 Цифкальман(?) Бася 1926 Цифкальман(?) Фида 1928 Цифкальман(?) Лея 1917

Шаль Абрам 1902 Шаль доба-Рая 1887 Шепшелевич Ильмана 1896 Шепшелевич Рахиль(?) 1928 Шепшелевич Мойсей 1876 Шепшелевич Ромиц? 1882 Шепшелевич Слава 1931 Шепшелевич Хаим 1886 Шепшелевич Петр 1886

Юдин Зубман 1890

Яцревич Теоргий Бавкович 1898 Яцхевич Срихак Теоргивич 1922

On October 6 2002 Vishki District Municipality funded an opening of the Vishki and Dagda Jews tragedy memorial. Locals, Dagda residents, delegation of Daugavpils Jewish Community participated in the opening of the memorial. Professor of the Daugavpils University J. Steimanis gave a speech, lecturer D. Olehnovich, researcher A. Rachinska from Jelgava, repressed citizens from Dagda and others. Candles were lit by the memorial stone, flowers were brought. Memorial stone was cut by Aivars Regzha.

The Jewish cemetery of Vishki

The Jewish cemetery remains on the banks of Visku lake.When I was there in 1994 the tombstones were hidden by bush of the forest which covers half of the cemetery.Some of the stones had sunk into the ground and were only partially readable.My cousin Jack Usdin and I gave money to the mayor for they clean the cemetery and when I came back last spring 2008 it was clean. In July 2008 a german priest Klaus Peter Rex was there with a group of young people to retore the cemetery.They cut the grass,pull out the small vegetation and tried to find stones under the ground.The erected some stones,documented every stone,made the inscriptions visible with foam and crayon and made a map.They also found several stones near the fence,ready to be brought as many stones have been stolen. An interactive map of the cemetery can be found here All the tombstones have been transcribed and translated by Avraham Malthete. The fence around the cemetery still exists but ,as far as the gate is opened, people come to gather mushrooms and kids play in part of the cemetery.Klaus Peter Rex and his team placed a David star on the top of the gate.

All the tombstones

Photo Name First name Son/daughter of Died Notes

Amdur Piersya Rada R.Lipman 5641/1881

The virgin Pesia-Rada daughter of Lipman Amdur died 19 Av 5641 date = 14 Aug !881

Bagol(?) Tzilla Aharon-Tsevi 5683/1923 Died the day of the destruction of the Temple.(Sun 22 Jul 1923)

Bor Ruvim Gershen 1970 Born in 1894

Britz Eli 5645/1885

Dumesh

(Dumes) Hasya Gershen 5675/1915

Hasya Dumesh bat R.Gerschon Alterman(certainly my ancestor)

According to Avraham Malthete she died 8 Iyar 5678/1918

Dumesh Haim-Yehoshua Zehev 5688/1928

Bruce Dumes's Great Grandfather

Dumesh Jacob Haim

Dumesh Genoch Idel 1941

Born in 1860.

Leizer Dumesh's Grandfather's

tombstone

Wife Haya according to the birth registry of 1893(May 28 a son was born: Shlioma Yankel.

Dumesh Fruma Abraham Died 13 Tevet(year can't be read)

Fonaroff Shlomo Gabriel 5685/1925

Died 19 Kislev 5685(Tue 24 Dec 1924)

Glitan Sarah Eliezer

Golan Hana Haim-Meir 5681/1921

Golandski ...Yitzhak Shelomoh 5687/1926

Died 6 Kislev 5687(Fri 12 Nov 1926).He was married with Hana.

Goldfein Esther-Reizel Zusman

Gorvitz(Horowitz

Gurevich)

Hine-Abraham Israel

"Dina died while still young"

Gorvitz(Horowitz

Gurevich) Haya-Sarah Jacob-Halevi Died 20th Menahem-Av, year 6…

Gram Mordekhay

Asher,son of Meyer Gram born in 1837/1838.His wife was Sora,daughter of Leiba,born in 1842

5682/1921

Died 22 Cheshvan 5682(Wed 23 Nov 1921) .Certainly Morduch Gram,born in 1873,my Great Grand aunt,born Rivka Alterman's husband.

Gram Asher Meir 5679/1919 Died 14 Nissan 5679(Mon 14 Apr 1919)

Grob Hiene Eliezer 5680/1919 Died 26 Marcheshvan(Wed 19 Nov 1919)

Hariz Abraham-Zelig Naftali 5678/1918

Heller Rachel Shimon-Leib 5665/1904 Died 10 Tevet 5665(Sun 18 Dec 1904)

Heskin Shmuel-Gerschen Yehuda-Tzvi 5654/1894

Shemuel-Gershon bar Yehudah-Tsevi Heskin. 16 Menachem-Av 654 = Sat 18 Aug 1894.

Kagan Tzila Zvi 5683/1923

She die on the day of the that the temple is destroyed 5683 { this mean that she died on 9 of the month Av 22-July 1923}

Katz Yenta Leib 5680/1920

Katz Yahakov Zelig 5645/1885

According to Nathen:

died January1,1885

the 14 of Tevet

Katz Tzevi(Tzvi)-Hirsh Israel Died 2 Nissan

Kit(?) Feye Shemaryahu 5680/1920 Died 25 Av 5680(Mon 9 Aug 1920)

Kukle/Kokle Meir/Miron Aaron-Eliahu 5683/1923

Sonia's husband Aram

Mironovich Kukle 's father.Died 28Iyar 5683(Mond 14 May 1923)

Kukle/Kokle Gersel(Getsel) Yitzhak ?

Lein Shaul Hayim 5652/1892

Lifengen Itshak Yehuda.R.Moshe ben

Lohvitz Kila(Keile) Hamagad Arye Lohvitz 5696/1936

Minsler Yale Yerakhmiel 5654/1894 Died 17 Iyar 5654 = Wed 23 May 1894.

Notkin Ezra Shmuel 5693/1933 Died 10 Sivan 5693(Sun 4 jun 1933)

Notkin Gershon-Reuven Nachum 5671/1910

Died 5 Marcheshvan 5671(Mon 7 Nov 1910)

Notkin Mordechai Shmuel 5677/1917 Died 14 Nissan 5677(Fri 6 Apr 1917)

Novik Sholem Dov Halevi 5684/1924 Died 8 Adar 5684(Wed 13or Frid 14 Mar 1924

Palkin Zelde Moshe 5626/1865(66) Died ?

Pantrov(Paltrov) Shlomo Gabriel Died the 19th of Kislev(?)

Pavde Sheina-Lea(Sheinele)

Dov-Ber 5664/1904

Died 5 Iyar 5664(Wed 20 Apr

1904) Mirman Tzila Nohum

Meilach Yaakov Abraham

Ritov Horon-Shmuel Tzvi-Hirsch Hacohen

Rozey Lasha-Bune Yitzhak 5656/1896

Died second day of Roch Chodesh Elul 5656(Mon 10 Aug 1896)

Schepshelevich Hayim David Zalman 5688/1927

Died 7 Tishri 5688(Mon 3 Oct 1927).According to the 1897 census Hayim-David was born in 1847.Doba ,daughter of Kodesh Usdin lived at him.

Shub Israel-Abraham Baruch-David 5630/1870

The honored Ritual Slaughterer and Examiner Israel Shub,son of Baruch-David . Died 4 Sivan 5630.My Grandfather's sister Rosa married Bor Shub

Skorochod Meir-Velvel Zelig 5679/1919 Died Sat 19 Jul 1919

Skorochod Zelig-Mordechai Aba-Moshe 5494/1934

Died 18 Elul 5694( Wed 29 Aug 1934)

Tzirin Pesya Eliahu 5687/1927

Howard Cheerin's Great-

Grandmother.

She died 4th day, 7th in the month Adar I,5 687 ( 1927, February, Wednesday 9th).

Tzirin Hayim Eliakim 5680/1920 Howard Cheerin's Great-Grandfather

Ulman Rasha(Bracha-Hinda) Yehiel(Yitzchak-Rafael)

5687/1927

or she died the 25th of Nissan,

5687 (April 4, 1927)

Usdin Eliakim Hayim 5646/1886 My GG Grandfather born in 1821.Also Yankel

Usdin Nachman Eliakim 5676/1915

Died december 21.He was born in 1857.He is my G Grandfather Beines's brother

Usdin Sora-Piesha Moshe 5661/1900 Nachman's wife

Usdin Haya Nachman

My Grand father's first cousin born in 1896 to Nachman and Sora-Piesha.Died in 1909 or 1913

Valk

right:Abraham

left:Meir

right:Dov David

left:Abraham

right5684

left:5685

right:Died 19 Tamuz 5684( Monday 21 July 1924)

left:Died 20 Iyar 5685(Saturday 23 May 1925)

Yananer(?) Freida Tzadik-Hirsh 5617/1857 She was from Kovno

Yoril Baruch Abraham

Aba Israel-Shimon 1941

Here lies my dear brother.. Died

29 Sivan 1941

Aba Zeev 5626/1866

Died on the first day of Iyar in the year 5627.(Mon 6 May 1867)

Aba-Gala Aba 5652/1892 Died 14 Iyar,second Pessah 5652( Wed 11 May 1892)

Abraham David 5634/1874 died 21 Adar 5634 = Tue 10 Mar 1874.

Abraham-Aba Dov-Halevi 5672/1912

Died on the eve of the first day of the month of Adar 5672(18 Feb 1912)

Abraham Moshe 5608/1848 Died 8 Shevat 5608(Thu 13 Jan 1848)

Abraham Hayim

Abraham-Hayim Yehoshua

Abraham Yehuda 5625/1865

Abraham-Zelig Naftali-Hariz 5678/1918

Died 23 Elul 5678(Sat 31 Aug 1918)

Baruch Abraham ?

Be... David-Tsevi 5680/1919 Died Hoshaana Rabba 5680(Wed 15 Oct 1919)

Beyle Natan(?) 5663/1902 Died 20 Kislev 5663(Sat 20 Dec 1902)

Beila-Sheit Abba 5652/1891 Cheshvan 5652 = 1891 (right side of image cut).

Beitel-Eliezer Lipman 5661/1901

Died 8 Adar 5661(Wed 27 Feb 1901)

Betzabel Shmuel 5654/1894 Died 24 Iyar 654 = Wed 30 May 1894.

Bluma Israel 5654/1894

Bluma Yitzak 5649/1889 Died in the month of Adar(1st)

David-Zeev Yosef 5642/1882 Died 21 Tevet 5642( Thu 12 Jan 1882)

Dvora Eliahu Dvora Tzvi-Halevi 5675/191

5

Eita(Eila?) Meir 5644/1884 Died 8 Menachem-Av 644 = Wed 30 Jul 1884.

Peshe Yitzshak 5620/1860

Eliahu Aba 5702/1941 Died 29 Sivan

Eliahu Itzhak 5645/1884 Died Tishri 645 = Mon 22 Sep 1884.

Eli Kahan

Eliezer Shlomo 5610/1850 Died 21 Cheshvan 5610(Tue 6 Nov 1849)

Elke

Esther David

Died 6 Sivan 5620(Sun 27 May 1860)

Feibesh-Mendel Yosef-Leib 5670/1909 Died Kislev 12th(November 25)

Frida Yeshayahu 5622/1862

Old woman who died eve of Roch Chodesh AdarII 5622(Sat 1st Mar 1862)

Fruma Baruch(?) 5664/1904(?) Died 26(?) Av 5664(Sun 7 Aug 1904(?)

Fruma Shmuel 5629/1868 Died 15 Marcheshvan 5629( Sat 31 Oct 1868)

Fruma-Elke Dan 5645/1885 Died 19 Adar 645 = Fri 6th Mar 1885.

Gave(Nave?) Yehuda 5610/1850

Gele Hayim 5616/1853 Died 10 Cheshvan 5614(Fri 11 Nov 1853)

Gershen-Reuven Nohum Unmarried

Gitel Shlomo 5660/1900 Died 25 Shevat 660 = Thu 25 Jan 1900.

Gitel Tzvi(Tsevi) 5659/1898

Died 13 Cheshvan 5653 or 13 Marcheshvan 5659 = Sat 29 Oct 1898.

Alterman??? Gitsel(Goetshel)-Hirsh Shmuel Gershen-Hayim,son of Shmuil Alterman born in 1873???

Golde Yosef 5641/1881 Died Mon 10 Jan 1881

Hana Aba

Hana Aaron 5651/1890

Died 15 Marcheshvan 5651(Wed 29 Oct 1890)

Hana-Gutta Sholom... 5626/1866

Died 8 Ada(Fri 23 Feb)

Here lies my mother,my parent...

Hana-Rivke Yehuda(?) 5613/1852 Died 19 Tishri 5613(Sat 2 Oct 1852)

Hana-Sora Hayim

Hana Zeev 5650/1890

Hase-Rivka Shlomo 5683/1923

Hashke Hayim

Hasya Moshe 5636/1876

Died Shabbat 3 Shevat 636 = Sat

29 Jan 1876.

Hasya Moshe 5630/1869 Died 24 Kislev 5630(Nov 28,1869)

Hasya Yehuda-Leib 5610/1850

Haya(Hana)-Gita Sholem Here lies my mother, my parent...

Haya-Hinde Tzvi(Tzevi)-Heshel 5654/1893

Died 16 Kislev 654 = Sat 25 Nov 1893.

According to Avraham Malthete,she died 13 Kislev(Wed 22 Nov)

Haya-Rahel Shimshon

Haya-Rivka Abraham 5663/1903 Died 6 Nissan 5663(Fri 3 Apr 1903)

Haya-Rivke Yehuda 5613/1852 Died 19 Tishri 613 Sat 2 Oct 1852

Haya-Sarah Abba 5656/1896 Died 17th Adar 5656 (?)

Haya-Sarah Abba 5659/1899

Died 17 Adar 659 (Mon 27 Feb 1899)

Haya-Sarah Abba 5653/1893 Died 17 Adar 5653(Sun 5 Mar 1893)

Haya-Sarah Yehudah 566? Died 27 Sivan 566?

Hayim Yehuda-Leib ? ?

Haya Treitel 5614/1854 Died 20 Cheshvan 5614(Mon 21 Nov 1853)

Hayim Yehuda-Leib ? ?

Hayim David

and Haya Pesi

bar Abraham

bat Hil(?)

5654/1893

5655/1894

Right: Mr.

Chayyim David Son of Avraham

Died on the 4th of Tevet

in the year 5654 (December 12/13, 1893)

Left:

Chaya Pesi Daughter of Hil(?) died

on the 7th of Kislev, 5655

(December 4/5,1894)

Hayim-Israel Yechiel-Avraham5647/1887

Died 25th Teveth the year 5647(January 21,1887)

Hayim-Meir Shlomo 5645/1885

Hayim Yehuda-Leib 5651/1891

Hayim Yehiye

Hene Yosef 5650/1890

The date of death is from the headstones list.Avraham Malthete didn't find any date on the headstone.

Hene Zeev 5650/1890 Died 17th of Yyar 5650(Wed 7 May 1890)

Hinde Israel 5659/1899

Shevat 659 = Fri 20th Jan 1899

Hinde Tsevi-Hershel 5654/1893 Died 13 Kislev 5654(Wed 22 Nov 1893)

Hinde-Haya Meir-Eliahu 5636/1876 Died as young girl Rosh-Hodesh Sivan 636 = Wed 24 May 1876

Heyuda-Leib Hayim 5674/1914

Hayim 5653/1893

Hayim Yekhiel

Idel(Yudel) Israel Hacohen 5669/1909 Died 25 Tevet 5669(Mon 18 Jan 1909)

Idel Shlomo 5638/1878 Died 4 Menachem-Av 638 = Sat 3 Aug 1878.

Idel Yoel

Ite-Golde Shmuel 5646/1886

According to Nathen:

Died on the 10th of Nissan

In the year 5646 (April 14/15, 1886)

Tombstone 68 here

Ita

Yerchmiel(Yerachmiel

Lazerovich?

5686/1926

Died 15 Shevat(30 January 1926)

Itzshak David

Josef and Yekhiel(Yehikiel)

5626/1866

Two children in

the same grave

Kaufman Yosef 5646/1886 Died 26 Tevet 5646(Sun 3 Jan 1886 )

Kl... Hayim(?) 194... Died the 18th day of Cheshvan(?) 194...

Lohvitz(?) Keile Hamahag Arye 5696/1936

Lea Shalom

Lea Zehev 5642/1882

Libe-Yente Shlomo 5659/1899

Died 4 Adar I 643 = Sun 11 Feb 1883.

Lipman or Kaufman Yosef-Halevi 5646/1886

died 26 Tevet 646 = Sun 3 Jan 1886.

Malka Dov ?

Malka Yehel(Yehuda)Halevi 5634/1873

Died Wed 26 Nov 1873

Manoach Eliyahu 5620/1859 This woman died 21 Tishri 5620(Tues 18 Oct 1859)

Mehulihal Natan 5632/1872 He was killed

Meita Yokheved(?)

Azar bar Hayim 5621/1861

Meita May 5654/1894

Mendel Eliezer 5620/1860

The woman Mendel bat reb Eliezer who died the 2nd Tebet of the year5620(1860

Mezohavav(?) Yehuda 5659/1899

Michle Hayim-Aba ? Died 16 Adar

Michle-Beile Dov 5666/1906 Died Sat 17 Feb 1906

Michlome Yitzshak

Mindel Yitzhak ? Died Menachem-Av 6.....

Mirke Levinson Halevi 5661/1901

Mishirael Moshe 5656/1896

Mordekhay Asher 5682/1921

Died 22 Cheshvan 5682(Wed 23 Nov 1921) .Certainly Morduch Gram,born in 1873,my Great Grand aunt,born Rivka Alterman's husband.

Moshe Israel Hacohen

Moshe Eliahu 5620/1860

Moshe-Dov Yequtiel Halevi ?

Musa Hayim-Meir 5670/1910

Naftali Hertz 5648/1888 Died 2 Elul 5648(Thu 9 Aug 1888)(The day is not sure)

Naftali Herz Natan 5648/1883

Natan Nahum 5635/1875

Nechama Yehuda Halevi 5609/1849

Nechsa(?) Abraham 5682/1922 Died 17 Shevat 5682(Wed 15 Feb 1922)

Netta(Neche)-Hode Moshe-Nachum ?

Peshe Yitzshak 5620/1860

Peshe Yitzhak 5602/1841 Died 15 Kislev 5602(Sun 28 Nov 1841)

Pieshe-Hinde Yeshyahu Halevy 5682/1922

Died 3 Iyar 5682(Mon 1 st May 1922)

Pinchas Yehadah 568.../192... Died 29 Tevet568...

Rahel Natan 5643/1883 Died 24 Tevet 643 = Wed 3 Jan 1883

Rahel Yehuda 5608/1848 Died 28 Sivan 5608(Thu 29 Jun 1848)

Rahel Yehuda-Leib Halevi 5677/1917

Died 4 Shevat 5677(Sat 27 Jan 1917)

Reuven Mordehay 5628/1868

Died 15th Kislev year 5628( Thu

12 Dec 1868)

Rivka Abraham

Rivka Isser(Asher) 5617/1856 Died 29 Marcheshvan 5617(Thu 27 Nov 1856)

Rivka Israel

Rivka-Dvora Tsevi Halevi 5674/1914 Died in Tevet

Roshe-Rivke Alexander 5687/1927

Died 18 Tevet 5687(Wed 9 Feb 1927)

Rute(Dite?) Abraham-Aba 5645/1885

Died 11 Sivan 645 = Mon 25

May 1885.

Sarah Aba

Sarah Alexander-Sender 5641/1881

According to Nathen

died 17th Adar 5659

Sarah David 5604/1843 Died 29 Kislev 5604(Fri 22 Dec 1843)

Sarah Eliezer Glitan(?)

Sarah(or Sheindel)Itte

Yerachmiel Leizerovich

5686/1926

Died 15 Shevat 686 Sat 30 Jan 1926

Sarah-Lea Menachem-Mendel

Sarah Yehuda 566... Died 27 Sivan 566...

Sarah-Malka Yehoshua 5629/1869 Died 16 Iyar/Tuesday 27 april

Sarah-Rivka Yehuda 5637/1877

Died Tamuz 637 = Sat 7 Jul 1877

Sarah-Yachne Leib Halevi Died 1st day of Pessah (year can’t be read).

Shalom David 5665/1905 Died 4th day of Hol ha-Moed Pessah 5665 = Tue 25 Apr 1905.

Shalom Eliyahu 5609/1849 Died 9 Nissan 5609(Sun 1st Apr 1849)

Shalom Yehuda-Leib 5628/1867 Died22 Cheshvan 628 = Wed 20 Nov 1867

Shaul Hayim-Lein 5652/1892

Sheine Efrayim 5607/1847 Died 23 Nissan 5607(Fri 9 Apr 1847)

Sheina Menachem 5686/1926

Sheina Pinchas 5683/1923 Died 12 days in the month of Tamuz(Tues 26 Jun 1923)

Sheindel Moshe 5653/1892 Died 21 Marcheshvan 653 = Fri 11 Nov 1892.

Sheine-Lea Dov-Ber-Pavde

Shima-Frida Nissan 5612/1852 Died 20 Nissan(April,Sun 11)

Shimme Shimon 5660/1889 Died 7thday of Pessah 5660(April22,1889)

Shifre Abba-Hayim 5632/1872 Died in the month of Shevat (February)

Shlomo Azriel 5650/1890

Died 14th day of month Heshvan, year 5605 lc ( 1844, October, Sunday 27th)

Shlomo Azriel(Ezriel) 5606/1845

Died 14 Cheshvan 5606(November 14 or 17, 1845)

Shlomo Abraham Halevi 5650/1889 Died 26th Tishri 5650 ( 1889, October, Monday 21st)

Shlomo-Zalman Abraham 5645/1885

Shlomo-Yehudah Shabtai 5671/1911

Died 6 Adar 5671(Mon 6 Mar 1911)

Shmuel Aba 5668(?)/1908 Died 11 Tamuz 5668(?)(Fri 10 Jul 1908)

Shmuel Aharon-Zelig 5655/1894

Shmuel Hayim-Halevi 5634/1874 Died Nissan 9th 5634(March27,1874)

Shnipt(?) Shmuel Yosef 5643/1883

Died 23 Tevet5 643 = Tue 2 Jan

1883.

Shterne-Rachel Aharon 5646/1885

Died 2 Tevet 5646 = Thu 10 Dec 1885

Tobiah-Meir Yehuda Halevi 5607/1847

Died 1st day of Sukkot 5607 = Mon 5 Oct 1847

Tsevi Arye-Leib 5633/1873

Tzevi-Hirsh Shmuel 5651/1891 Died 17 Tamuz 651 = Thu 23 Jul 1891

Tsippe Abraham 5649/1889 Died 7 Sivan 649 = Thu 6 Jun 1889

Tsippe ? 5627/1867 Died Fri 4 Jan 1867

Tsirel Abraham 5645/1885 Date can't be read

Yaakov Yekhiel-Michel 5646/1886

Yaakov-Malakh Abraham Date hidden by grass

Yefte(?) Here lies a righteous man,our master and Rav Rabbi....

Yehoshua Eliezer 5680/1920

The date of death is from the headstones list.Avraham Malthete could not read the date.

Yehoshua Tzvi(Tsevi) 5626/1866 Died 16 Menachem 5626(Tue 7 Aug 1866)

Yehoshua-Selig Meir Hacohen 5655/1895

Died 26 Shevat 5655(Wed 20,1895)

Yehuda ? Died 6 Tamuz...

Yehuda-Leib(Rabbi) Hayim 5674/1914

Died the first day of Pessah 5674( Sat 11 Apr 1914

Yekhiel-Abraham Yakoov 5657/1897

Died Roch Chodesh Adar II 5657(Fri 5 Mar 1897)

Yeshayahu Yehoshua-Noah 5643/1882 Died 11 Kislev 643 = Wed 22 Nov 1882.

Yitzhak Yehuda 5638/1878 Died 4 Shevat(January8)

Zehev Shlomo 5626/1866

Yohanan-Eli Yehuda 5624/1864

Yosef Israel Halevi 5614/1854

Yosef Eliezer 5608/1848 Died Rosh Chodesh Tamuz 5608(Sun 2 Jul 1848)

Yosef Zeev 5651/1891 Died 20 Menachem-Av 651 = Mon 24 Aug 1891.

Yitshak Yonah Halevi

Yitzhak Tsevi(Tzvi) 5613/1853 Died 2 Tamuz 5613(Fri 8 Jul 1853)

Yokhanan-Eliyahu ? Died eve of Hannukah

Yosef Moshe ?

Yosef Zeev 5655/1895

Yosef Ytshak 5639/1879 Died 9 Nissan 5639 = Wed 2 Apr 1879.

Zalman Kalonimos 5661/1901

Zehev Shlomo 5626/1866

Zelda Hayim 5616/1856 Died 15 Shevat 5616(Wed 23 Jan 1856)

Ziskind Juda(Yehudah) 5629/1869 Died 9th Adar I, year 5629(Sat 20 Feb 1869)

Zolkind Lipman 5654/1894 This young man died 24 Elul 5654(Tue 25 Sep 1894)

small baby(no name)

no name Hayim 5618/1857

A woman tombstone.Died the first day of Rosh Hashana 5618(Sat 19 Sep 1957)

...ekha Yehuda 5612/1852 A woman tombstone.Died 9 Kislev

no name Yosef ? ?

.... ...Moshe ? ?

no name ? 5621/1861

A woman tombstone.Died on the eve of Rosh Chodesh.Sivan 5621(Thu 9 May 1861)

The reserved woman.... ?

? ?

The virgin... ? Hayim-Israel 5672/1912

Died 19 Menachem 5672(Fri 2 Aug 1912)

? Hayim

Sh....? Shmuel 5630/1870 or 1872

Last spring I met people who remember the Jews in Vishki and everybody said that they all lived very well together.Jews and non Jews.The last Jews who lived in Vishki after the war were Benyamin Israelovich Pogil, born in Viski on September 14, 1909 and married to Basya Novik,his brother Grisha and Ruvin Gershenovich Bor,born in 1894 and buried in 1970.His tombstone is in the cemetery.During the war Benyamin and Grisha Pogil fled from Viski. Grisha was able to hide in a town near Viski called Harcishki, at the Trofimov family house.Both died in Latvia.Their descendants are in the USA and Germany.I am related with the Pogil family by my Great Grandmother's sister.

As I said before Vishki looks like a ghost town.Many houses are abandonned and many fall in ruins.

Ruvin Bor's house Dumesh's house

Emotionaly for me this village is a gift .I love it,love to walk in the streets,talk to people,think of my ancestors who probably had been happy there until this horrible event which destroyed everything but not the soul of this former shtetl and of all the Jews who lived there.

.The descendants of the shoah victims continue to be affected by all the murders that transpired........