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VISSIM — VAP/VisVAP培训

辟途威交通科技（上海）有限公司

© PTV China 2012 2

> 基本认识

– VAP/VisVAP属于VISSIM的中高级应用范

畴

– 熟练掌握VAP/VisVAP，有助于更加灵活

地应用VISSIM解决科研和工程问题

> 基础知识

– 交通信号控制的基本理论与方法

– VISSIM建模方法

VAP/VisVAP概要介绍（1/2）

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> VAP：Vehicle Actuated Programming，车辆感应逻辑编程，可用TextPad编辑。文件类型：*.vap。

> VisVAP：通过编辑逻辑流程图，简化VAP的编程工作，可通过VISSIM附加模块VisVAP编辑，可自动把VisVAP文件转换为VAP文件。文件类型：*.vv。

> VAP/VisVAP的用途：与数据检测器一起，可以为VISSIM提供信号感应控制、停车场的模拟设置、可变交通控制等。

> 使用要求：直接在VISSIM里调用，需要三个文件：- vap216.dll文件，在VISSIM安装目录下的Exe文件夹内。- *.pua文件，描述了相位过渡的时间设置，可通过TextPad或Crossig编辑，也可以通过VISSIG附加模块计算生成。

- *.vap文件，用户定义的逻辑文件。

VAP/VisVAP概要介绍（2/2）

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VAP在VISSIM中的调用窗口

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VAP/VisVAP与VISSIM、Crossig的关系

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VAP/VisVAP与VISSIM、VISSIG模块的关系

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> 在VISSIM里建立路网，包括车辆输入、路径、优先规则等基本信息。

> 明确功能需求，规划设计逻辑流程图的技术架构。

> 在VISSIM里设置数据检测器，定义信号灯组，确定相位。注意，在VISSIM里的相位编号应与*.pua文件和*.vap文件里的编号一致。

> 确定相位之间的过渡时间，创建*.pua文件。

> 在VisVAP中设计逻辑流程图，编译成功后，转成*.vap文件。

> 在VISSIM的信号灯编辑窗口选择完成的*.pua文件以及*.vap文件。保存运行仿真。

一般工作流程

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*.PUA文件的简约格式（1/3）

信号灯组编号

相位阶段定义

初始相位阶段

相位阶段切换时间

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结束语

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*.PUA文件的简约格式（2/3）信号灯组

相位

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*.PUA文件的简约格式（3/3）


例子：*.pua文件

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*.PUA文件的完整格式（1/4）

CROSSIG中的信号灯组编号与VISSIM中的信号灯组编号的对应关系

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绿灯间隔时间矩阵

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相位阶段切换时间

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相位阶段定义

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*.PUA文件的必备内容

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> 用途1：信号控制策略（或方案）设计

– 信号灯组编号

– 绿灯间隔时间矩阵或相位阶段切换时间

– 相位阶段定义

– 初始相位阶段

> 用途2：非信号控制策略（或方案）设计

– 信号灯组编号

– 相位阶段定义

– 初始相位阶段


常用函数及其使用方法（1/13）

> 检测器类函数

> 信号灯组类函数

> 相位阶段类函数

> 公共交通类函数

> 其他函数



> 检测器类函数（待续）

Long name Short MeaningDetection(<no>) Det Returns 1 if the impulse memory of detector <no> is 1

(i.e. a vehicle front end has been detected) or a vehicle is on the detector, else 0.

Presence(<no>) Call Returns 1 if the impulse memory of detector <no> is 1 (i.e. a vehicle front end has been detected).

Headway(<no>) Hdw Returns the current time gap at the detector <no>.

Headway10(<no>) Hdw10 Returns the current headway of detector <no> in tenths of a second.

Occupancy(<no>) OccT Returns the elapsed time since detector <no> has been activated or 0 if no vehicle is present at end of time step.

Occupancy10(<no>) OccT10 Returns the elapsed time since detector <no> has been activated in tenth of seconds or 0 if no vehicle is present at end of time step.



> 检测器类函数（续前）

Long name Short MeaningOccup_rate(<no>) OccR Returns smoothened occupancy rate of detector <no>

[0..1].Veh_length(<no>) V_l Returns the length of the last vehicle that passed

detector <no> within the current simulation second.Velocity(<no>) V Returns the speed in m/s of the last vehicle that was

detected by detector <no> in the current time step or 0 if no vehicle was detected in this time step.

Front_ends (<no>) F_e Returns the number of detected vehicle front ends on detector <no> (the total amount since the last call of clear_front_ends(<no>)).

Rear_ends(<no>) R_e Returns the number of detected vehicle rear ends on detector <no> (the total amount since the last call of clear_rear_ends(<no>)).



> 信号灯组类函数（待续）

Long name Short MeaningCurrent_state(<no>,<display>)

Cst Returns 1 if the current state of signal group <no> is <display>, else 0.

T_free(<no>) Tf Returns the time elapsed since the end of red of the signal group <no> (green plus red/amber time).

T_green(<no>) Tg Returns elapsed green time of signal group <no> or 0 if signal group is not green.

T_green_min(<no>) Tgmin Returns minimum green time of signal group <no>.

T_red(<no>) Tr Returns elapsed red time of signal group <no> or 0 if signal group is not red.

T_red_min(<no>) Trmin Returns minimum red time of signal group <no>.

T_stop(<no>) Ts Returns the time elapsed since the end of green of signal group <no> (red time plus amber time).



> 信号灯组类函数（续前）

Long name Short MeaningSet_sg(<no>, <display>)

Ssg Sets display of signal group <no> to <display> including all transitions and providing all minimum display times defined in VISSIM.

Set_sg_direct(<no>, <display>)

Ssgd Sets display of signal group <no> immediately to <display> without any transitions and disregarding minimum display times.

Sg_green(<no>) SetG Sets signal group <no> to green. If it is not green already, the red-amber time as defined in VISSIM is automatically switched first.

Sg_red(<no>) SetR Sets signal group <no> to red. If it is not red already, the amber time as defined in VISSIM is automatically switched first.



> 信号灯组类函数（续前）

Long name Short MeaningIntergreen(<sg1>, <sg2>)

IntG Returns the intergreen time between signal groups <sg1> and <sg2> as defined *.pua file.

Remaining_intergreen(<no>)

Rig Returns the time in seconds until signal group <no> can get green according to the intergreen matrix.

Test_intergreen(<no>)

Tig Returns 1 if all intergreen times towards signal group <no> are completed so that the signal group may be switched to green.



> 相位阶段类函数（待续）

Long name Short MeaningAny_interstage_active

Aia Returns 1 if any interstage is active, otherwise 0.

Interstage(<stage1>, <stage2>)

Is Runs an interstage.

Interstage_active(<stage1>, <stage2>)

IsA Returns 1 if any interstage is active, otherwise 0.

Interstage_duration(<stage1>, <stage2>)

IsT Returns the current second of the interstage or 0 in case the interstage is not active.

Interstage_length(<stage1>, <stage2>)

IsL Returns length of interstage.



> 相位阶段类函数（续前）

Long name Short MeaningStage_active(<stage>)

StgA Returns 1, if stage <stage> is active otherwise 0. A stage is regarded as active only if all its green signal groups are either red-amber or green and all its red signal groups are either amber or red and if there is no active interstage referring to this stage as ‘from_stage’ or ‘to_stage’.

Stage_duration(<stage>)

StgT Returns elapsed duration of stage <stage> or 0 if stage is not active.



> 公共交通类函数（待续）

Long name Short MeaningTele_calling_point(<no>)

TeCPt Returns the calling point number from the telegram number <no>.

Tele_count TeCnt Returns the number of telegrams received in the current simulation time step.

Tele_course(<no>) TeCrs Returns the course number from the telegram number <no>.

Tele_delay(<no>) TeDel Returns the delay in seconds from the telegram number <no>.

Tele_line(<no>) TeLin Returns the line number from the telegram number <no>.

Tele_man_direction(<no>)

TeDir Returns the code for manual direction from the telegram number <no>.



> 公共交通类函数（续前）

Long name Short MeaningTele_passengers(<no>)

TePas Returns the number of passengers from public transport telegram number <no>.

Tele_prio(<no>) TePri Returns the priority value from the telegram number <no>.

Tele_route(<no>) TeRou Returns the route number from the telegram number <no>.

Tele_tram_length(<no>)

TeLng Returns the tram length from the telegram number <no>.



> 其他函数（待续）

Long name Short MeaningCycle_second T Returns current cycle second.

Cycle_second_between (<begin>, <end>, <op.type>)

Csb Returns 1 if the current cycle second (t) is between <begin> (b) and <end> (e), otherwise 0. <operatortype> determines the exact meaning of "between" (including or excluding): 0: b < t < e; 1: b < t <= e; 2: b <= t < e; 3: b <= t <= e.

Cycle_time Tc Returns current cycle length.

Marker_get(<no>) MGet Returns the value from input channel <no> .

Marker_put(<no>, <value>)

MPut Writes the <value> to the output channel <no>.

Prog_active PAct Returns the no. of active program selected in VISSIM [1..16].



> 其他函数（续前）

Long name Short Meaning

Record_value(<no>, <value>)

RecVal Transmits <value> to VISSIM for output in the SC/detector record in the column “variable no. <no>”.

Set_cycle_second(<sec>)

SetT Sets the current cycle second to <sec> [1...999].

Set_prog(<no>) Sprg Sets the no. of the active program to <no> [1..16].

Sqrt(<value>) N/A Returns the square root of <value>.



> 其他函数（续前）

Long name Short Meaning

Set_des_speed(<desSpDecNo>,<vehClassNo>,<desSpDistrNo>)

Sdsp Assigns the desired speed distribution <desSpDistrNo> to the vehicle class <vehClassNo> in the desired speed decision <desSpDecNo>.

Set_route(<routDecNo>,<routeNo>,<flow>)

Srou Sets the relative flow of the route <routeNo> of the routing decision <routDecNo> in the current time interval (or the next one, if no interval is currently active) to <flow>.

Set_stop_time_dist(<stop_no>,<veh_cl_no>, <dist_no>)

Sst Selects the dwell time distribution <dist_no> for vehicle class <veh_cl_no> at the stop sign <stop_no>.


VAP/VisVAP的运算符

VAP/VisVAP 216


例子：VisVAP的控制逻辑


例子：VisVAP的逻辑框图


VisVAP界面(1/3)


VisVAP的用户界面（2/3）

逻辑流程图的设计要素

逻辑流程图的设计界面


VisVAP的用户界面（3/3）

定义流程图中的定值参数

定义流程图中的数组

定义流程图中的表达式

定义上级流程图中的包含子流程图


例子：VisVAP的界面


VisVAP逻辑单元

程序开始、结束

命令和赋值语句

判断语句

子程序

打印分页符

注释

连接线

箭头显示程度(显示一部分/所

有箭头）


VisVAP的函数

包含了所有VAP的函数


例子：转换成的VAP文件


> *.vv文件必须以字母作为文件名字的开头。名字只能包含字母、数字、下划线。

> 转换出来的*.vap文件和*.vv文件同名。

> 所有的变量的首字符必须是字母。

> 变量长度不能超过32字符。

> 在逻辑字符（如And、Or、Not）前后要保证有一个空格，以便区分出逻辑字符。

*.vv文件命名原则


路径信息:在<VISSIM-目录>\examples\training文件夹：

> LRT-Luxembourg3个信号控制的交叉口，编号为5的交叉口包含复杂的轨道优先设置。

> SimpleJunction模拟了2相位、3相位的交叉口，包含定时控制和感应控制。

> VAP_dynRouting展示如何通过VAP来控制静态路径选择。- SplRSI：类似港湾站的停车模拟，只有该港湾没有停车，才允许车停入。- RSI: 含有1个货车停车位，5个小汽车停车位。有停车位的情况下，车辆才停入。

> PedCrossing模拟了根据行人需求设置的感应行人过街信号。

VISSIM安装文件夹里的VAP案例（1/2）


路径信息:在<VISSIM-目录>\examples\training文件夹：

> VMS模拟变化车速标志的基本例子。展示了如何通过VAP控制期望得到的变化速度。

> TempLaneUse在大流量的情况下，高速公路暂时使用硬路肩的情况。VAP控制了局部的静态路径以及速度变换。

> RampMetering简单模拟高速公路入口的交通流情况。

VISSIM安装文件夹里的VAP案例（2/2）

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