vkykspuk hkh jpuk gskaviharshkumarharsh.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/... · ;g iqlrd dsunzh;...

vkykspuk

Hkh

jpuk

gS

g"kZdqekj^g"kZ*

vkykspuk Hkh jpuk gS

g"kZdqekj ̂g"kZ*

izdk'kdizdk'kdizdk'kdizdk'kdizdk'kdfgUnh Hkk"kk&lEesyufgUnh Hkk"kk&lEesyufgUnh Hkk"kk&lEesyufgUnh Hkk"kk&lEesyufgUnh Hkk"kk&lEesyuifV;kyk ¼iatkc½ifV;kyk ¼iatkc½ifV;kyk ¼iatkc½ifV;kyk ¼iatkc½ifV;kyk ¼iatkc½

;g iqLrd dsUnzh; fgUnh funs'kky; ¼ekuo lalk/ku] fodkl eU=ky;];g iqLrd dsUnzh; fgUnh funs'kky; ¼ekuo lalk/ku] fodkl eU=ky;];g iqLrd dsUnzh; fgUnh funs'kky; ¼ekuo lalk/ku] fodkl eU=ky;];g iqLrd dsUnzh; fgUnh funs'kky; ¼ekuo lalk/ku] fodkl eU=ky;];g iqLrd dsUnzh; fgUnh funs'kky; ¼ekuo lalk/ku] fodkl eU=ky;]mPprj f'k{kk foHkkx] if'peh [k.M]&7]vkjñdsñiqje]ubZ fnYyh½ dsmPprj f'k{kk foHkkx] if'peh [k.M]&7]vkjñdsñiqje]ubZ fnYyh½ dsmPprj f'k{kk foHkkx] if'peh [k.M]&7]vkjñdsñiqje]ubZ fnYyh½ dsmPprj f'k{kk foHkkx] if'peh [k.M]&7]vkjñdsñiqje]ubZ fnYyh½ dsmPprj f'k{kk foHkkx] if'peh [k.M]&7]vkjñdsñiqje]ubZ fnYyh½ dslaLohd`r i=&la[;k 5&46@2017 ds vuqñ ,] fnukad 06&06&2018laLohd`r i=&la[;k 5&46@2017 ds vuqñ ,] fnukad 06&06&2018laLohd`r i=&la[;k 5&46@2017 ds vuqñ ,] fnukad 06&06&2018laLohd`r i=&la[;k 5&46@2017 ds vuqñ ,] fnukad 06&06&2018laLohd`r i=&la[;k 5&46@2017 ds vuqñ ,] fnukad 06&06&2018ds ek/;e ls izkIr foÙkh; lgk;rk ls izdkf'kr gqbZ gSA dkihjkbVds ek/;e ls izkIr foÙkh; lgk;rk ls izdkf'kr gqbZ gSA dkihjkbVds ek/;e ls izkIr foÙkh; lgk;rk ls izdkf'kr gqbZ gSA dkihjkbVds ek/;e ls izkIr foÙkh; lgk;rk ls izdkf'kr gqbZ gSA dkihjkbVds ek/;e ls izkIr foÙkh; lgk;rk ls izdkf'kr gqbZ gSA dkihjkbVvuqnkuxzkgh ds ikl gSAvuqnkuxzkgh ds ikl gSAvuqnkuxzkgh ds ikl gSAvuqnkuxzkgh ds ikl gSAvuqnkuxzkgh ds ikl gSA

ys[kd %ys[kd %ys[kd %ys[kd %ys[kd %g"kZdqekj ^g"kZ*]g"kZdqekj ^g"kZ*]g"kZdqekj ^g"kZ*]g"kZdqekj ^g"kZ*]g"kZdqekj ^g"kZ*]781]781]781]781]781],lñ,lñVhñ uxj] ifV;kyk&147003¼iatkc½,lñ,lñVhñ uxj] ifV;kyk&147003¼iatkc½,lñ,lñVhñ uxj] ifV;kyk&147003¼iatkc½,lñ,lñVhñ uxj] ifV;kyk&147003¼iatkc½,lñ,lñVhñ uxj] ifV;kyk&147003¼iatkc½

izFke laLdj.k lu~ 2018izFke laLdj.k lu~ 2018izFke laLdj.k lu~ 2018izFke laLdj.k lu~ 2018izFke laLdj.k lu~ 2018ewY; % 98ewY; % 98ewY; % 98ewY; % 98ewY; % 98/- #i,#i,#i,#i,#i,

izdk'kd %izdk'kd %izdk'kd %izdk'kd %izdk'kd %fgUnh Hkk"kk&lEesyu] 781]fgUnh Hkk"kk&lEesyu] 781]fgUnh Hkk"kk&lEesyu] 781]fgUnh Hkk"kk&lEesyu] 781]fgUnh Hkk"kk&lEesyu] 781],lñ,lñVhñ uxj] ifV;kyk&147003¼iatkc½,lñ,lñVhñ uxj] ifV;kyk&147003¼iatkc½,lñ,lñVhñ uxj] ifV;kyk&147003¼iatkc½,lñ,lñVhñ uxj] ifV;kyk&147003¼iatkc½,lñ,lñVhñ uxj] ifV;kyk&147003¼iatkc½

lEidZ&lw= %lEidZ&lw= %lEidZ&lw= %lEidZ&lw= %lEidZ&lw= %eksckby uañ 09464470217@08837545997eksckby uañ 09464470217@08837545997eksckby uañ 09464470217@08837545997eksckby uañ 09464470217@08837545997eksckby uañ 09464470217@08837545997eqnzd %eqnzd %eqnzd %eqnzd %eqnzd %Y;ksukMZ izsl] 180&Mhñ] Q+ksdy Iok;aV] ifV;kykY;ksukMZ izsl] 180&Mhñ] Q+ksdy Iok;aV] ifV;kykY;ksukMZ izsl] 180&Mhñ] Q+ksdy Iok;aV] ifV;kykY;ksukMZ izsl] 180&Mhñ] Q+ksdy Iok;aV] ifV;kykY;ksukMZ izsl] 180&Mhñ] Q+ksdy Iok;aV] ifV;kyk

Critical & Research-based Articals entitled 'Aalochna Bhi Rachna Hai'

by Harshkumar 'Harsh'

4 ̂vkkykspuk Hkh jpuk gS*

nh, dks fT+kUnk j[krh gS gok] ,slk Hkh gksrk gs !nh, dks fT+kUnk j[krh gS gok] ,slk Hkh gksrk gs !nh, dks fT+kUnk j[krh gS gok] ,slk Hkh gksrk gs !nh, dks fT+kUnk j[krh gS gok] ,slk Hkh gksrk gs !nh, dks fT+kUnk j[krh gS gok] ,slk Hkh gksrk gs !lalalalalaLd`r Hkk"kk ds vkpk;Z jkt'ks[kj us vius dkO;'kkL=h; xzUFk

^dkO;&ehekalk* esa nks fo'ks"k ckrkas dk js[kkadu fd;k FkkA igyh rks ;g fdjpukvksas vkSj lk/kkj.k thou esa izkUrh;rk vkSj yksd&laLd`fr dk fo'ks"k egÙogksrk gS vkSj nwljh ckr Fkh izfrHkk ds nks izdkjkas dk loZizFke dFkuA igyk izdkj^dkjf;=h izfrHkk*] ^dkjf;=h izfrHkk*] ^dkjf;=h izfrHkk*] ^dkjf;=h izfrHkk*] ^dkjf;=h izfrHkk*] ftlds vUrxZr dkO;] miU;kl] dgkuh] ukVd bR;kfnlHkh ekSfyd lkfgfR;d fo/kk,¡ vkrh gSaA bUgha dh leh{kk nwljs izdkj dh^Hkkof;=h izfrHkk* ^Hkkof;=h izfrHkk* ^Hkkof;=h izfrHkk* ^Hkkof;=h izfrHkk* ^Hkkof;=h izfrHkk* ds vUrxZr gksrh gSA vaxzsT+kh lkfgR;&leh{kd feLVjgMlugMlugMlugMlugMlu us Hkh vkxs pydj bUgha nksuksa izdkj dh izzfrHkkvksa dk foHkktu Øe'k%Creative Genius vkSj Critical Genius ds uke ls fd;k FkkA rc ls ysdjv|kof/k jpukjpukjpukjpukjpuk dh egÙkk vkykspukvkykspukvkykspukvkykspukvkykspuk ls vis{kkd`r vf/kd ekuh tkrh jgh gSAnwljs 'kCnksa esa] vkykspuk lnSo jpuk ds cjvDl ¼Versus½ ;k cuke Bgjrh gSAnksuksa vo/kkj.kk,¡ vf/kdrj nks fojks/kh /kzqoksa ;k f'kfojksa dh /kjksgj jgh gSaA

bu ijEijkxr vo/kkj.kkvksa ds Bhd foijhr bl ukphT+k dk ;g ns[kk&Hkksxk;FkkFkZ jgk gS fd tc dksbZ bZekunkj] lR;fu"B leh{kd fnu&jkr dBksj ifjJedjds 'kks/kiwoZd 'kCn&lk/kuk esa fdlh lekf/kLFk ;ksxh dh rjg ls yhu jgdjvkykspuk dk dke djrk gS] rc og ekuks ;ksx&n'kZu dh gh^e/kqerh Hkwfedk* esa igq¡p tkrk gS vkSj deZ djus ds vius vf/kdkj dk lnqi;ksxdjrs gq, vius Hkhrj dh ̂vkx*^vkx*^vkx*^vkx*^vkx* esa vkykspuk ds ̂lksus*^lksus*^lksus*^lksus*^lksus* dks rik&rpk dj tcfudkyrk gS] rc ogh jpuk ̂dqUnu* ̂dqUnu* ̂dqUnu* ̂dqUnu* ̂dqUnu* cu pqdh gksrh gSA rc rks og mls fdlhekSfyd jpuk dk&lk vkRerks"k] vkuUn vkSj jlkLokn gh iznku djrh gSAvkn'kZoknh vkSj lQy funsZ'kd ohñ 'kkUrkjke dh gh fQ+Ye ̂tkx̀fr* ds gh ,d xkusds cksy ds vuqlkj ̂ fucZy ls yM+kbZ cyoku~ dh@;s yM+kbZ gS nh, dh vkSj^fucZy ls yM+kbZ cyoku~ dh@;s yM+kbZ gS nh, dh vkSj^fucZy ls yM+kbZ cyoku~ dh@;s yM+kbZ gS nh, dh vkSj^fucZy ls yM+kbZ cyoku~ dh@;s yM+kbZ gS nh, dh vkSj^fucZy ls yM+kbZ cyoku~ dh@;s yM+kbZ gS nh, dh vkSjrwQ+ku dh A**rwQ+ku dh A**rwQ+ku dh A**rwQ+ku dh A**rwQ+ku dh A**

mnwZ ds ledkyhu 'kkbj tukc ̂T+kQ+j* xksj[kiqjh ^T+kQ+j* xksj[kiqjh ^T+kQ+j* xksj[kiqjh ^T+kQ+j* xksj[kiqjh ^T+kQ+j* xksj[kiqjh ls ,d felzk pqjkdj ;g [+kkdlkj dgrk gS fd ̂nh, dks fT+kUnk j[krh gS gok@,slk Hkh gksrk gSA^nh, dks fT+kUnk j[krh gS gok@,slk Hkh gksrk gSA^nh, dks fT+kUnk j[krh gS gok@,slk Hkh gksrk gSA^nh, dks fT+kUnk j[krh gS gok@,slk Hkh gksrk gSA^nh, dks fT+kUnk j[krh gS gok@,slk Hkh gksrk gSAdHkh&dHkh fdlh cq>rs gq, nh, dks gok dk tc dksbZ izk.knk;d >ksadk yxrk gS] rcog nh;k Hkh ̂Hkd~* ls ty mBrk gS] ekuks fdlh tk¡duh okys balku ¼ej.kklUuizk.kh½ esa izk.k vk x, gksa vkSj rc ys[kd fdlh Hkh ikBd vkfn ds lkFk ,d l'kDrlaokn laokn laokn laokn laokn LFkfkir dj ldrk gSA izLrqr ys[kksa ds lEcU/k esa bruk gh fouezfuosnu gS fd cd+kSy xhr&x+t+ydkj 'ke'ksjcgknqjflag&^ckr cksysxh^ckr cksysxh^ckr cksysxh^ckr cksysxh^ckr cksysxhge ughaA*ge ughaA*ge ughaA*ge ughaA*ge ughaA*

&fouhr ys[kd

5 'kks/k&leh{kkewyd vkys[k

'kks/kewyd vkys[kksa dh lwph xqjck.kh&leh{kk'kks/kewyd vkys[kksa dh lwph xqjck.kh&leh{kk'kks/kewyd vkys[kksa dh lwph xqjck.kh&leh{kk'kks/kewyd vkys[kksa dh lwph xqjck.kh&leh{kk'kks/kewyd vkys[kksa dh lwph xqjck.kh&leh{kk

1-1-1-1-1- xq# ukud&leh{kkxq# ukud&leh{kkxq# ukud&leh{kkxq# ukud&leh{kkxq# ukud&leh{kk

1-1-1-1-1- xq# ukudnso dk ifjp; vkSj jpuk,¡xq# ukudnso dk ifjp; vkSj jpuk,¡xq# ukudnso dk ifjp; vkSj jpuk,¡xq# ukudnso dk ifjp; vkSj jpuk,¡xq# ukudnso dk ifjp; vkSj jpuk,¡

i`"B 8i`"B 8i`"B 8i`"B 8i`"B 82- vkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn f}osnh ds fucU/k ^xq#2- vkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn f}osnh ds fucU/k ^xq#2- vkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn f}osnh ds fucU/k ^xq#2- vkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn f}osnh ds fucU/k ^xq#2- vkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn f}osnh ds fucU/k ^xq#

ukudnso % lUns'k&efgek* ukudnso % lUns'k&efgek* ukudnso % lUns'k&efgek* ukudnso % lUns'k&efgek* ukudnso % lUns'k&efgek* esa vkfn flD[kesa vkfn flD[kesa vkfn flD[kesa vkfn flD[kesa vkfn flD[kxq# dkxq# dkxq# dkxq# dkxq# dk egkuegkuegkuegkuegku~~~~~ dk;Z dk;Z dk;Z dk;Z dk;Z i`"B 17i`"B 17i`"B 17i`"B 17i`"B 17

2-2-2-2-2- xq# vaaxnnso&leh{kkxq# vaaxnnso&leh{kkxq# vaaxnnso&leh{kkxq# vaaxnnso&leh{kkxq# vaaxnnso&leh{kk3-3-3-3-3- xq# va axnnso th ds vk/;kfRed vk Sjxq# va axnnso th ds vk/;kfRed vk Sjxq# va axnnso th ds vk/;kfRed vk Sjxq# va axnnso th ds vk/;kfRed vk Sjxq# va axnnso th ds vk/;kfRed vk Sj

ykSfdd nk'kZfud fopkjykSfdd nk'kZfud fopkjykSfdd nk'kZfud fopkjykSfdd nk'kZfud fopkjykSfdd nk'kZfud fopkj i`"B 21i`"B 21i`"B 21i`"B 21i`"B 21

3-3-3-3-3- xq# vejnkl&leh{kkxq# vejnkl&leh{kkxq# vejnkl&leh{kkxq# vejnkl&leh{kkxq# vejnkl&leh{kk4-4-4-4-4- xq# vejnkl }kjk loZ/keZ&leHkko vkSjxq# vejnkl }kjk loZ/keZ&leHkko vkSjxq# vejnkl }kjk loZ/keZ&leHkko vkSjxq# vejnkl }kjk loZ/keZ&leHkko vkSjxq# vejnkl }kjk loZ/keZ&leHkko vkSj

xkgZLF; dk LohdkjxkgZLF; dk LohdkjxkgZLF; dk LohdkjxkgZLF; dk LohdkjxkgZLF; dk Lohdkj i`"Bi`"Bi`"Bi`"Bi`"B 30 30 30 30 30

4- xq# vtqZZunso&leh{kk4- xq# vtqZZunso&leh{kk4- xq# vtqZZunso&leh{kk4- xq# vtqZZunso&leh{kk4- xq# vtqZZunso&leh{kk

5-5-5-5-5- xq# vtqZunso th }kjk lEikfnr ̂ Jh xq#xzUFkxq# vtqZunso th }kjk lEikfnr ̂ Jh xq#xzUFkxq# vtqZunso th }kjk lEikfnr ̂ Jh xq#xzUFkxq# vtqZunso th }kjk lEikfnr ̂ Jh xq#xzUFkxq# vtqZunso th }kjk lEikfnr ̂ Jh xq#xzUFk

lkfgc* dk dk;Z vkSj egÙolkfgc* dk dk;Z vkSj egÙolkfgc* dk dk;Z vkSj egÙolkfgc* dk dk;Z vkSj egÙolkfgc* dk dk;Z vkSj egÙo i`"B 36i`"B 36i`"B 36i`"B 36i`"B 366-6-6-6-6- xq# vtZqunso th dh n`f"V esa xqjefr&lUns'kxq# vtZqunso th dh n`f"V esa xqjefr&lUns'kxq# vtZqunso th dh n`f"V esa xqjefr&lUns'kxq# vtZqunso th dh n`f"V esa xqjefr&lUns'kxq# vtZqunso th dh n`f"V esa xqjefr&lUns'k

dk ifjn`';dk ifjn`';dk ifjn`';dk ifjn`';dk ifjn`'; i`"B 42i`"B 42i`"B 42i`"B 42i`"B 42

5-5-5-5-5- xq# rsxcgknqj vkSj xq# jfonkl dh leh{kkxq# rsxcgknqj vkSj xq# jfonkl dh leh{kkxq# rsxcgknqj vkSj xq# jfonkl dh leh{kkxq# rsxcgknqj vkSj xq# jfonkl dh leh{kkxq# rsxcgknqj vkSj xq# jfonkl dh leh{kk

7-7-7-7-7- xq# rsxcgknqj th dk thou vkSj drZ̀Ro i"̀B 4xq# rsxcgknqj th dk thou vkSj drZ̀Ro i"̀B 4xq# rsxcgknqj th dk thou vkSj drZ̀Ro i"̀B 4xq# rsxcgknqj th dk thou vkSj drZ̀Ro i"̀B 4xq# rsxcgknqj th dk thou vkSj drZ̀Ro i"̀B 499999

88888----- xq# rsxcgknqj th ds egku~ O;fDrRoxq# rsxcgknqj th ds egku~ O;fDrRoxq# rsxcgknqj th ds egku~ O;fDrRoxq# rsxcgknqj th ds egku~ O;fDrRoxq# rsxcgknqj th ds egku~ O;fDrRodk flagkoyksdudk flagkoyksdudk flagkoyksdudk flagkoyksdudk flagkoyksdu i`"B 59i`"B 59i`"B 59i`"B 59i`"B 59

9-9-9-9-9- xq# rsxcgknqj th dh vk/;kfRedrk vkSjxq# rsxcgknqj th dh vk/;kfRedrk vkSjxq# rsxcgknqj th dh vk/;kfRedrk vkSjxq# rsxcgknqj th dh vk/;kfRedrk vkSjxq# rsxcgknqj th dh vk/;kfRedrk vkSj


HkfDr&HkfDr&HkfDr&HkfDr&HkfDr&HkkoukHkkoukHkkoukHkkoukHkkouk i`"B 69i`"B 69i`"B 69i`"B 69i`"B 6910-10-10-10-10- xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa /kkfeZd] uSfrdxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa /kkfeZd] uSfrdxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa /kkfeZd] uSfrdxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa /kkfeZd] uSfrdxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa /kkfeZd] uSfrd

vkSj lkekftd ekU;rkvksa ds vk;ke vkSj lkekftd ekU;rkvksa ds vk;ke vkSj lkekftd ekU;rkvksa ds vk;ke vkSj lkekftd ekU;rkvksa ds vk;ke vkSj lkekftd ekU;rkvksa ds vk;ke i`"B 7i`"B 7i`"B 7i`"B 7i`"B 73333311-11-11-11-11- xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa nk'kZfudxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa nk'kZfudxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa nk'kZfudxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa nk'kZfudxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa nk'kZfud

fopkj vkSj fl)kUrfopkj vkSj fl)kUrfopkj vkSj fl)kUrfopkj vkSj fl)kUrfopkj vkSj fl)kUr i`"B 8i`"B 8i`"B 8i`"B 8i`"B 82222212-12-12-12-12- xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esxq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa /kkfeZd vkSja /kkfeZd vkSja /kkfeZd vkSja /kkfeZd vkSja /kkfeZd vkSj

lkekftd fopkjksa ds vk;kelkekftd fopkjksa ds vk;kelkekftd fopkjksa ds vk;kelkekftd fopkjksa ds vk;kelkekftd fopkjksa ds vk;ke i"̀B 9i"̀B 9i"̀B 9i"̀B 9i"̀B 9222221111133333----- xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa thou xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa thou xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa thou xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa thou xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh esa thou vkSj txr~vkSj txr~vkSj txr~vkSj txr~vkSj txr~

ds ds ds ds ds izfr vk'kkokn vkSj fujk'kkoknizfr vk'kkokn vkSj fujk'kkoknizfr vk'kkokn vkSj fujk'kkoknizfr vk'kkokn vkSj fujk'kkoknizfr vk'kkokn vkSj fujk'kkokn ì"B 9ì"B 9ì"B 9ì"B 9ì"B 97777714-14-14-14-14- xq# rsxcgknqj dh ck.kh esa ikSjkf.kd vkSjxq# rsxcgknqj dh ck.kh esa ikSjkf.kd vkSjxq# rsxcgknqj dh ck.kh esa ikSjkf.kd vkSjxq# rsxcgknqj dh ck.kh esa ikSjkf.kd vkSjxq# rsxcgknqj dh ck.kh esa ikSjkf.kd vkSj

feFkdh; izrhdfeFkdh; izrhdfeFkdh; izrhdfeFkdh; izrhdfeFkdh; izrhd i`"B 10i`"B 10i`"B 10i`"B 10i`"B 104444415- lkfgfR;d vkSj lkaLd`frd lUnHk Z es15- lkfgfR;d vkSj lkaLd`frd lUnHk Z es15- lkfgfR;d vkSj lkaLd`frd lUnHk Z es15- lkfgfR;d vkSj lkaLd`frd lUnHk Z es15- lkfgfR;d vkSj lkaLd`frd lUnHk Z es aaaaa

xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh dk va'knku xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh dk va'knku xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh dk va'knku xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh dk va'knku xq# rsxcgknqj th dh ok.kh dk va'knku i`"Bi`"Bi`"Bi`"Bi`"B 11111111111111116-16-16-16-16- xq# rsx+cgknqj th dh ok.kh esa lnkpkjhxq# rsx+cgknqj th dh ok.kh esa lnkpkjhxq# rsx+cgknqj th dh ok.kh esa lnkpkjhxq# rsx+cgknqj th dh ok.kh esa lnkpkjhxq# rsx+cgknqj th dh ok.kh esa lnkpkjh

thou vkSj uSfrdrk dh vfHkO;fDr thou vkSj uSfrdrk dh vfHkO;fDr thou vkSj uSfrdrk dh vfHkO;fDr thou vkSj uSfrdrk dh vfHkO;fDr thou vkSj uSfrdrk dh vfHkO;fDr i`"B 12i`"B 12i`"B 12i`"B 12i`"B 12333331111177777----- lkE;oknh ^csxeiqjk* ds ckn'kkg xq#lkE;oknh ^csxeiqjk* ds ckn'kkg xq#lkE;oknh ^csxeiqjk* ds ckn'kkg xq#lkE;oknh ^csxeiqjk* ds ckn'kkg xq#lkE;oknh ^csxeiqjk* ds ckn'kkg xq#

jfonkl ds lnqins'kjfonkl ds lnqins'kjfonkl ds lnqins'kjfonkl ds lnqins'kjfonkl ds lnqins'k i`"B 128 i`"B 128 i`"B 128 i`"B 128 i`"B 128

lqizfl) ys[kdksa dh jpukvksa dk 'kks/kijd v/;;u lqizfl) ys[kdksa dh jpukvksa dk 'kks/kijd v/;;u lqizfl) ys[kdksa dh jpukvksa dk 'kks/kijd v/;;u lqizfl) ys[kdksa dh jpukvksa dk 'kks/kijd v/;;u lqizfl) ys[kdksa dh jpukvksa dk 'kks/kijd v/;;u

18-18-18-18-18- vKs; ds dkO; esa Hkko&lkE; dh 'kks/k i`"B 14vKs; ds dkO; esa Hkko&lkE; dh 'kks/k i`"B 14vKs; ds dkO; esa Hkko&lkE; dh 'kks/k i`"B 14vKs; ds dkO; esa Hkko&lkE; dh 'kks/k i`"B 14vKs; ds dkO; esa Hkko&lkE; dh 'kks/k i`"B 143333319-19-19-19-19- ^v'd ds ,dkadh ukVd ^rkSfy,* dk^v'd ds ,dkadh ukVd ^rkSfy,* dk^v'd ds ,dkadh ukVd ^rkSfy,* dk^v'd ds ,dkadh ukVd ^rkSfy,* dk^v'd ds ,dkadh ukVd ^rkSfy,* dk

u;k fo"k; vkSj jaxu;k fo"k; vkSj jaxu;k fo"k; vkSj jaxu;k fo"k; vkSj jaxu;k fo"k; vkSj jax&psruk i`"B 153psruk i`"B 153psruk i`"B 153psruk i`"B 153psruk i`"B 15320-20-20-20-20- dfo ukxktqZZu ds dkO; esasa vke vkneh ijdfo ukxktqZZu ds dkO; esasa vke vkneh ijdfo ukxktqZZu ds dkO; esasa vke vkneh ijdfo ukxktqZZu ds dkO; esasa vke vkneh ijdfo ukxktqZZu ds dkO; esasa vke vkneh ij vtqZuvtqZuvtqZuvtqZuvtqZu

dh izrhdkRedrk dk vkjksi vkSj dh izrhdkRedrk dk vkjksi vkSj dh izrhdkRedrk dk vkjksi vkSj dh izrhdkRedrk dk vkjksi vkSj dh izrhdkRedrk dk vkjksi vkSj *****fo{kksHkfo{kksHkfo{kksHkfo{kksHkfo{kksHk*****uked uked uked uked uked uohu jluohu jluohu jluohu jluohu jl i`"B i`"B i`"B i`"B i`"B 168168168168168

21-21-21-21-21- ^Q+ST+k* dh 'kkbjh ds 'kh'ks esa fo"k; ds fofHkUu^Q+ST+k* dh 'kkbjh ds 'kh'ks esa fo"k; ds fofHkUu^Q+ST+k* dh 'kkbjh ds 'kh'ks esa fo"k; ds fofHkUu^Q+ST+k* dh 'kkbjh ds 'kh'ks esa fo"k; ds fofHkUu^Q+ST+k* dh 'kkbjh ds 'kh'ks esa fo"k; ds fofHkUu


/kjkry/kjkry/kjkry/kjkry/kjkry i`"B 179 i`"B 179 i`"B 179 i`"B 179 i`"B 17922-22-22-22-22- gfjoa'kjk; cPpu dh ê/kq'kkyk* esa gfjoa'kjk; cPpu dh ê/kq'kkyk* esa gfjoa'kjk; cPpu dh ê/kq'kkyk* esa gfjoa'kjk; cPpu dh ê/kq'kkyk* esa gfjoa'kjk; cPpu dh ê/kq'kkyk* esa ^̂̂̂̂gkyk*gkyk*gkyk*gkyk*gkyk* dsdsdsdsds

vvvvvk'kkoknh k'kkoknh k'kkoknh k'kkoknh k'kkoknh vFkZvFkZvFkZvFkZvFkZ i`"B 190i`"B 190i`"B 190i`"B 190i`"B 19023-23-23-23-23- vkpk;Z‘gt+kjhizlkn fZ}osnh ds miU;klvkpk;Z‘gt+kjhizlkn fZ}osnh ds miU;klvkpk;Z‘gt+kjhizlkn fZ}osnh ds miU;klvkpk;Z‘gt+kjhizlkn fZ}osnh ds miU;klvkpk;Z‘gt+kjhizlkn fZ}osnh ds miU;kl

^ck.kHkê dh vkRedFkk* esa lkaLd`frd^ck.kHkê dh vkRedFkk* esa lkaLd`frd^ck.kHkê dh vkRedFkk* esa lkaLd`frd^ck.kHkê dh vkRedFkk* esa lkaLd`frd^ck.kHkê dh vkRedFkk* esa lkaLd`frd ifjizs{;ifjizs{;ifjizs{;ifjizs{;ifjizs{; i`"B 204 i`"B 204 i`"B 204 i`"B 204 i`"B 204

24-24-24-24-24- vk/k q fudrk ds p'e s ls *ck.kHkê dhvk/k q fudrk ds p'e s ls *ck.kHkê dhvk/k q fudrk ds p'e s ls *ck.kHkê dhvk/k q fudrk ds p'e s ls *ck.kHkê dhvk/k q fudrk ds p'e s ls *ck.kHkê dh

vkRedFkk* miU;kl dh mikns;rkvkRedFkk* miU;kl dh mikns;rkvkRedFkk* miU;kl dh mikns;rkvkRedFkk* miU;kl dh mikns;rkvkRedFkk* miU;kl dh mikns;rk ì"Bì"Bì"Bì"Bì"B 222222121212121

2 5 -2 5 -2 5 -2 5 -2 5 - izFke l'kDr ukVd ^dks.kkdZ* esizFke l'kDr ukVd ^dks.kkdZ* esizFke l'kDr ukVd ^dks.kkdZ* esizFke l'kDr ukVd ^dks.kkdZ* esizFke l'kDr ukVd ^dks.kkdZ* es aaaaa tu& tu& tu& tu& tu&psrukpsrukpsrukpsrukpsruk i`"B 232i`"B 232i`"B 232i`"B 232i`"B 232

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


1- xq# ukudnso dk ifjp; vkSj jpuk,¡1- xq# ukudnso dk ifjp; vkSj jpuk,¡1- xq# ukudnso dk ifjp; vkSj jpuk,¡1- xq# ukudnso dk ifjp; vkSj jpuk,¡1- xq# ukudnso dk ifjp; vkSj jpuk,¡

flflflflflD[kksa ds egku~ /keZ&xzUFk ̂Jhxq# xzUFk lkfgc* esa vkfn xq# ukudnsso dh;s jpuk;sa lfEefyr gSa %&1- tiq th lkfgc 2- vklk jkx esa iêh 3- jkedyh jkx esafuc) vksvaadkj lEcU/kh ok.kh 4- jkedyh jkx esa gh fuc) fl) xks"Bh 5- rq[kkjh jkxesa jfpr ckjg ekg vkSj 6- ek>] vklk vkSj eykj jkx esa jfpr rhu okjsaA vkpk;ZgT+kkjhizlkn th f}osnh dk Hkh er gS fd flD[kksa ds lHkh xq#vksa esa vkfnxq#Jhukudnso th ds ckn xq# xksfoUnflag th ds lkFk xq# vtqZunso th dk fo'ks"k;ksxnku jgk gSSA mUgksaus flD[kksa ds egku~ /keZxzUFk dks vius dky ds loZJs"Bfo}ku~ vkSj Kkuh HkkbZ xq#nkl th ls fy[kok dj ik¡p xq#vksa dh ok.kh ds ikBksadk fu/kkZj.k vkSj la'kks/ku djok dj vius bl xzUFk esa mUgsa ladfyr djus dkJelk/; dk;Z lEiUu fd;k vkSj djok;k FkkA

bl ok.kh dk ijoÙkhZ lUrksa vkSj HkDrksa dh ok.kh vkSj fopkj/kkjk ij iM+kgS] bl fo"k; esa nks er ugha gSaA vkt ds fo}ku~ tgk¡ vkfnxzUFk tSls xzUFkksa dh okf.k;ksads ewy ikBksa ds fu/kkZj.k rd gh vius dks lhfer j[kk djrs gSa] ogk¡ n'ke xq#xksfoUnflag th egku~ vk/;kfRed y{; ls ifjpkfyr vkSj izsfjr FksA os bl lalkjesa feêh ds iqrys ds :i esa leknj ikus okys ,d xq# ls c


js[kkafdr dj fn;k gSA mlds fopkj brus Li"V vkSj lqcks/k gSa] fd dgha Hkh muls fdlhZHkh okn&fookn ds tUe ysus dh vk'kadk ugha gSA1- ^1- ^1- ^1- ^1- ^ xq#* dh mikf/k ls foHkwf"kr egku~ xzUFk %xq#* dh mikf/k ls foHkwf"kr egku~ xzUFk %xq#* dh mikf/k ls foHkwf"kr egku~ xzUFk %xq#* dh mikf/k ls foHkwf"kr egku~ xzUFk %xq#* dh mikf/k ls foHkwf"kr egku~ xzUFk %

tgk¡ bu jpukvksa esa xq# th dh mins'kijdrk dh izòfÙk ds izek.k izkIrgksrs gSa] ogk¡ muds 'kkUr vkSj 'kksHku LoHkko ds Hkh n'kZu gksrs gSa vkSj lkFk gh mudkmnkÙk pfj= Hkh js[kkafdr gksrk gSA bl izdkj /keZxzUFk ds igys gh ̂egys* esa vkfnxq# ds xfjekiw.kZ O;fDrRo ds lkFk lkekU; :i esa xq# dh ftl Nfo dksxkSjokfUor fd;k x;k gS] dnkfpr~ mlh vk/kkj ij bl egku~ xzUFk dks gh ̂xq#*^xq#*^xq#*^xq#*^xq#*dh mikf/k ls foHkwf"kr fd;k x;k gSA ;|fi bl xzUFk esa dqN ck.kh lUnsg ds ?ksjsls ckgj ugha gS] ijUrq mlesa Hkh xq# th dk 'kkUr LoHkko okyk O;fDrRo ghizfrfcfEcr gksrk gS] mlds gh dkj.k leh{kd bl xzUFk dh vkykspuk djus dklkgl vius esa ugha tqVk ikrs gSaA

vkpk;Z f}osnh us dy dy dy dy dy ;k dY;dY;dY;dY;dY; uked fdlh dfo dh ck.kh dk Hkhmnkgj.k izLrqr fd;k gSA mlesa xq# th dks Lo;a Hkxoku~ fo".kq dk vorkj dgkx;k gSA blds mnkgj.kLo:i ^lrtqfx rS ekf.kvks Nfyvks cfy ckou^lrtqfx rS ekf.kvks Nfyvks cfy ckou^lrtqfx rS ekf.kvks Nfyvks cfy ckou^lrtqfx rS ekf.kvks Nfyvks cfy ckou^lrtqfx rS ekf.kvks Nfyvks cfy ckouHkkb;ks*Hkkb;ks*Hkkb;ks*Hkkb;ks*Hkkb;ks* tSlh iafDr;k¡ ns[kh tk ldrh gSaA ;|fi ;g ck.kh vkfn xzUFk dh 'ks"kck.kh ls jap ek= Hkh esy ugha [kkrh gS] rFkkfi tuelkf[k;ksa esa xq# ukudnsoth ds vkjfEHkd thou dh lPph >yfd;k¡ vo'; feyrh gSaA

2-2-2-2-2- xgjh /keZfu"Bk ds vadqj %xgjh /keZfu"Bk ds vadqj %xgjh /keZfu"Bk ds vadqj %xgjh /keZfu"Bk ds vadqj %xgjh /keZfu"Bk ds vadqj %xq# th dk tUe ryoaMh uked xk¡o esa gqvk FkkA ifjokj [k=h FkkA xk¡o

ds Lokeh jk; cqykj ,d eqlYeku FksA ikB'kkyk esa xq# th vU; Nk=ksa dh rqyukesa vf/kd xEHkhj] 'kkyhu vkSj /keZfu"B fl) gq, FksA mudh cM+h cgu dk ukeukudh Fkk vkSj mudk fookg lqyD[kuh uked ,d loZxq.klEiUu ukjh ds lkFkgqvk FkkA mUgksaus vius thtk t;jke dh lgk;rk ls dqN fnuksa rd iatkc dslwcsnkj nkSyr[k+k¡ yksnh ds fdlh deZpkjh ds eksnh[+kkus esa ukSdjh Hkh dh FkhAukSdjh NksM+ dj tc os vius dke okys LFkku ij x,] rks ogk¡ fdlh xzkgd dsfy, vkVk rkSyrs le; os ,d] nks] rhu vkfn la[;kvksa dh fxurh fxurs&fxurs^rsjg* ^rsjg* ^rsjg* ^rsjg* ^rsjg* dh la[;k dks iatkch mPpkj.k ds vuqlkj ̂rsjk rsjk* ds :i esa ghmPpkfjr djus yxsA

blds ckn mUgksaus lkjk vUu&Hk.Mkj mlh ̂okgs xq#* dk eku dj lkjkvaUu ns Mkyk FkkA muds uke ds lkFk tqM+h gqbZ bl fdaonUrh dks ,d lR;&dFkkekuus esa fdlh dks Hkh dksbZ fgpd ugha gksxhA cl] blh


dkj.k mudh og ukSdjh NwV xbZ FkhA

3-3-3-3-3- /keksZins'k] /keZ/keksZins'k] /keZ/keksZins'k] /keZ/keksZins'k] /keZ/keksZins'k] /keZ&izpkj vkSj Hkze.k %izpkj vkSj Hkze.k %izpkj vkSj Hkze.k %izpkj vkSj Hkze.k %izpkj vkSj Hkze.k %vkpk;Z f}osnh ml ukSdjh ds NwVus dks ,d ojnkuLo:i gh ekurs gSa]

D;ksafd blds ckn xq# ukud nso th ds fy, vk/;kfRed Hkkouk ds fodkl dkekxZ vkSj Hkh vf/kd iz'kLr gks x;k FkkA os vf/kd le; fey tkus ds dkj.k vclk/kq] lUrksa vkSj vU; /keZfu"B f'k";ksa vkfn ds lkFk fofHkUu LFkkuksa dk Hkze.k djusyx x, FksA

mUgksasus dke:i ¼orZeku vklke&xksgkVh dk izns'k½ ls ys dj eDdsenhus rd dh ;k=k;sa lEiUu dh FkhaA muds Jheq[k ls bu ;k=kvksa ds e/;fudyus okys ̂lcn* xhrksa ds :i esa nwljksa ds }kjk Hkh xk, tkus yxs FksA blhchp mUgha ds xk¡o dk ,d eqlYeku ejnkuk iDds rkSj ij mudk f'k"; cu x;kvkSj lnSo muds vax&lax gh jgus yxkA mlh us muds lkFk&lkFk lHkh ckf.k;ksadks laxhr ds jkxksa vkSj jkfxfu;ksa esa ck¡/k dj mUgsa vej cuk fn;k gSA xq# thds lEidZ esa vkus dss dkj.k og Hkh mUgha dh rjg lalkj ds ek;ktky ls eqDrgks x;k FkkA

4-4-4-4-4- êueq[k* O;fDr dh vo/kkj.kk %êueq[k* O;fDr dh vo/kkj.kk %êueq[k* O;fDr dh vo/kkj.kk %êueq[k* O;fDr dh vo/kkj.kk %êueq[k* O;fDr dh vo/kkj.kk %ys[kd dk dguk gS fd oS".ko dfo d.kZiwjd.kZiwjd.kZiwjd.kZiwjd.kZiwj us dgha dgk gS fd rdZ

vkfn ds vk/kkj ij pyus okys yksx viuh dYiukvksa dks gh ̂'kkL=* dgus yxtk;k djrs gSaA bl rjg tks Kku iuirk gS] mls lUrksa us ̂ek;keq[k* fo'ks"k.k lsfoHkwf"kr fd;k gSA blds gh vFkZ esa xq# ukudnso th us ̂eueq[k* 'kCn dk lVhdiz;ksx fd;k gSA bl Js.kh ds yksx lnSo vius eu ds ladsrksa ij gh pyk djrsgSa vkSj vius Hkhrj mifLFkr vkSj ?kV&?kV dh ckr tkuus okys xq# dh vkssj dHkhHkh vius eu dks izo`Ùk ugha fd;k djrs gSaA blh izdkj ckgjh lalkj dh lkjhtkudkjh ek;keq[k gh gqvk djrh gSA

xq# ukud nso dh lHkh ckf.k;ksa esa bl lalkj ds dqekxZxkeh vkSj HkVdsgq, yksxksa ds fy, ̂eueq[k* êueq[k* êueq[k* êueq[k* êueq[k* fo'ks"k.k dk gh lkFkZd iz;ksx gqvk gSA tc tho dksbl thou vkSj txr~ dk okLrfod Kku gks tkrk gS] rc tkdj og vius euds Hkhrj cSBs gq, egkxq# dh vksj izo`Ùk gqvk djrk gSA gekjs Hkhrj gh lnkmifLFkr jgus okys xq# dh vksj izof̀Ùk gksus ij gekjs eu esa igyh ckj lgh KkumRiUu gqvk djrk gS] tksfd gesa bl lalkj ds df̀=e cU/kuksa ls NqVdkjk fnykusdk dke fd;k djrk gSA osnkUr 'kkL= esa blh dks ̂fo|k* f̂o|k* f̂o|k* f̂o|k* f̂o|k* ds uke ls iqdkjk x;kgSA blds vfrfjDr 'ks"k lHkh dqN vfo|k ;k vKku gS] cl blh dks ̂eueq[k Kku*


le>uk pkfg,A

5-5-5-5-5- ^xq#eq[k* Kku gh xq#^xq#eq[k* Kku gh xq#^xq#eq[k* Kku gh xq#^xq#eq[k* Kku gh xq#^xq#eq[k* Kku gh xq#&Lo:i %Lo:i %Lo:i %Lo:i %Lo:i %ys[kd dk dFku gS fd tc tho ckgjh lalkj ls viuh nf̀"V gVk dj

dsoy vius Hkhrj fLFkr egkxq# dh vksj izo`Ùk gksrk gS] rc ogk¡ ,d fnO; T;ksfr;k izdk'k QwV iM+k djrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr vkus ij xq#eq[k Kkuh vius vki gh^xq#* cu tk;k djrk gSA mlije xq# ;k lRxq# dh d̀ik ds QyLo:i gh thodks mlds uke :ih jRu&/ku dh izkfIr lEHko gqvk djrh gSSA ,slk gksus ij ghtho ek;keq[kh Kku ls vyx gksdj lnSo xq#eq[k Kku dks ik fy;k djrk gSAxq# th dk Hkh ;g dFku voyksduh; gS] ftlesa ̂eueq[k* dks x¡ok nssus ds ckngh ̂xq#eq[k* ds feyus dh ckr dh xbZ gS %&

ftluks fØ;k djfga frfu uke jruq ikbvkAftluks fØ;k djfga frfu uke jruq ikbvkAftluks fØ;k djfga frfu uke jruq ikbvkAftluks fØ;k djfga frfu uke jruq ikbvkAftluks fØ;k djfga frfu uke jruq ikbvkAxq#eqf[k yk/kk eueqf[k xokbvkAAxq#eqf[k yk/kk eueqf[k xokbvkAAxq#eqf[k yk/kk eueqf[k xokbvkAAxq#eqf[k yk/kk eueqf[k xokbvkAAxq#eqf[k yk/kk eueqf[k xokbvkAA

6-6-6-6-6- izHkq dh dìk :ih ty dk lcesa forj.k %izHkq dh dìk :ih ty dk lcesa forj.k %izHkq dh dìk :ih ty dk lcesa forj.k %izHkq dh dìk :ih ty dk lcesa forj.k %izHkq dh dìk :ih ty dk lcesa forj.k %ys[kd ds erkuqlkj ml izHkq dk fujUrj fpUru djuk ,d vuks[ks

jlk;u ¼;k jkeck.k vkS"kf/k½ dh rjg gh gqvk djrk gSA bl jlk;u ds lsou ls,d lPps HkDr esa ml izHkq ds n'kZu] lEidZ vkfn dh I;kl fujUrj c


Hkh iznku ugha fd;k gSA gekjs egkiq#"k tho ds pssruke; vkSj Kkue; :i dksgh viuk xq# ;k egkxq# ekurs pys vk, gSaA

fo'o esa igyh ckj fdlh xzUFk ds Lo:i dks ̂xq#* dk egku~ in iznkudjuk dsoy flD[k /keZ dk gh dke gS] vr% ;g vn~Hkqr Js; blh /keZ dsmUuk;dksa] fo'ks"k :i ls n'ke xq# xksfcUnflag th dks gh fn;k tkrk gSA mUgksausgh lcls igys xq# dh xíh dks pyk, j[kus dh izkphu ijEijk lekIr djdsvkfn xzUFk dks gh ̂xq#* ds :i esa izfrf"Br djus dk foy{k.k dk;Z lEikfnr fd;kFkkA blds lkFk gh flD[k xq#vksa ds }kjk fcUnq ds LFkku ij ukn&l`f"V dhijEijk dks vf/kd egÙo iznku djus dk vuwBk dk;Z lEikfnr fd;k FkkA dgusdk vk'k; ;gh gS fd iq=&ikS=ksa vkfn dh oa'kkuqxr ijEijk gh fcUnq ijEijk gqvkdjrh gSA nwljh vksj] ukn&l`f"V ds vuqlkj fdlh Hkh xq# ds iq=&ikS=ksa dksmÙkjkf/kdkj lkSaius dh vis{kk mlds f'k";ksa vkSj izf'k";ksa dks vius xq# dk ghmÙkjkf/kdkj fn;k tkuk okLro esa ̂uknûknûknûknûkn&ijEijk* ijEijk* ijEijk* ijEijk* ijEijk* ds uke ls gh iqdkjk x;k gSAmnkgj.kr% xq# ukudnso th ds vius iq= Fks vkSj muds fo|eku gksrs gq, HkhmUgksaus vius ije lsod vkSj f'k"; vaxn ¼iwoZ uke HkkbZ yg.kkHkkbZ yg.kkHkkbZ yg.kkHkkbZ yg.kkHkkbZ yg.kk½ dks gh viuhxíh lkSaiuk mÙke le>k FkkA 'kjn~ _rq ds pUnzek ds leku fueZy O;fDrRookys egkiq#"k ds }kjk ,slk djuk leqfpr vkSj 'kksHkuh; gh dgk tk,xkA

tgk¡ vU; dqN lUrksa us vius lekt dh cqjkb;ksa dk fujkdj.k ds fy,lnSo dVq vkSj rh[kh okkf.k;ksa dk gh iz;ksx fd;k gS] ogk¡ pUnzek ds gh lekuO;fDrRo okys xq# ukudnso th us lnSo viuh ck.kh esa vèr ds leku lqe/kqj jlgh ?kksyk FkkA muds fy, ,d HkDr ds O;fDrRo esa e/kqj opuksa dk gh jl gksukvisf{kr gqvk djrk gS %

ckck cksyh,s ifr gksb]ckck cksyh,s ifr gksb]ckck cksyh,s ifr gksb]ckck cksyh,s ifr gksb]ckck cksyh,s ifr gksb]Åre ls nj Åre dghvfg uhp dje cfg jksbAAÅre ls nj Åre dghvfg uhp dje cfg jksbAAÅre ls nj Åre dghvfg uhp dje cfg jksbAAÅre ls nj Åre dghvfg uhp dje cfg jksbAAÅre ls nj Åre dghvfg uhp dje cfg jksbAAvkpk;Z f}osnh dk fopkj gS fd tgk¡ vU; lUrksa us viuh ok.kh esa nwljs

cqjs yksxksa ij dl&dl dj pksVsa ekjh gSa] mu ij vius iz[kj vkSj ekjdO;aX;&ck.kksa dh fueZe o"kkZ dh gS vkSj rdks± dh rh[kh Nqfj;k¡ pykbZ gSa] ogk¡ xq#ukudnso th us fdlh dk Hkh fny nq[kk, fcuk ¼egkRek xka/kh ds gh leku½ lalkjesa ,d egrh ØkfUr ykus dk ,d loZFkk foy{k.k dkjukek gh dj fn[kk;k FkkA;g ØkfUr vkpkj vkSj fopkj ds gh {ks= ls lEcU/k j[krh gSA

8-8-8-8-8- izseizseizseizseizse&rÙo ij cy %rÙo ij cy %rÙo ij cy %rÙo ij cy %rÙo ij cy %xq# th tho ek= dks vius thou esa lnSo eS=h vkSj izse&Hkko dk gh


lnqins'k nsrs nh[krs gSaA bu Hkkoksa dks /kkj.k djds vius lHkh dk;Z djus okykO;fDr gh lnSo Hksnksa esa vHksn vkSj vusdrk esa ,drk dh gh LFkkiuk ds izfrtkx:d vkSj lps"V jgk djrk gSA os ̂eqX/k* vFkkZr~ ew


lcnksa vkSj inksa dk xk;u djrk pyrk FkkAxq# ukudnso th dh nwljh ;k=k nwljh ;k=k nwljh ;k=k nwljh ;k=k nwljh ;k=k dk lekjEHk lu~ 1506 ds vklikl

gh ekuk tkrk gSA os fljlk vkSj jktLFkku ds chdkusj] vtesj 'kjhQ+ vkSj vkcw¼laLd`r esa ewy 'kCn ;k uke Fkk ̂vcqZn*½ tSls LFkkuksa ls gksrs gq, lh/ks ̂iqjh* ukedh uxjh esa tk igq¡ps Fks] tksfd vktdy mM+hlk ¼laLd`r esa izkphu uke^mRdy*^mRdy*^mRdy*^mRdy*^mRdy*½ izns'k esa gSA blds ckn muds ogha ls ukxiÙku vkSj Jhyadk rd Hkhtkus ds izek.k feyrs gSaA bl ;k=k esa muds lkFk nks u, tkV Hkh Fks] ftuds ukelSnks vkSj /ksch crk, tkrs gSaA

blds ckn xq# ukudnso th dh ;k=kvksa ds chp yxHkx vkB cjlksa dkvUrjky dgk tkrk gSA lu~ 1514 esa mudh rhljh ;k=k rhljh ;k=k rhljh ;k=k rhljh ;k=k rhljh ;k=k ¼ftls mUgksaus lkekU;:i ls mnklhmnklhmnklhmnklhmnklh dgk gS½ mUgksaus mÙkjh Hkkjr eas lh/ks dSykl ioZr vkSj ogha ij fLFkrekuljksoj rd dh lEiUu dh Fkh] ,slk ,sfrgkfld fooj.k miyC/k gksrk gSA blckj uklw vkSj lhgk uke ds nkss u, f'k";ksa dks mUgksaaus viuk lkFkh cuk j[kk FkkA bl;k=k esa os frCcr vkSj nf{k.kh phu rd tk igq¡ps FksA

xq# th dh pkSFkh ;k=k pkSFkh ;k=k pkSFkh ;k=k pkSFkh ;k=k pkSFkh ;k=k if'peh Hkkjr dh vksj FkhA os ,d gkth ;kgt&;k=kh ds :i esa eDdkeDdkeDdkeDdkeDdk uked eqfLye rhFkZLFky rd pys x, FksA bl ;k=kls muds lkEiznkf;d ln~Hkko vkSj leUo; dh Hkkouk dk gh iq"V izek.k feyrkgSA ogk¡ ls os ;s:'kye] nfe'd vkSSj vYysiksa gksdj cx+nkn rd tk igq¡ps FksAcx+nkn tkdj mUgksa us cghy ds ckn'kkg dks flD[k /keZ dh f'k{kk ns dj d`rkFkZfd;k FkkA

blh izdkj viuh mnkfl;ksa ls ykSVus ij vkius iatkc esa ikdiÙku]ns;kyiqj] dxkiqj] lqYrkuiqj] tykykckn] frfj;k tSls LFkkuksa dk Hkh Hkze.k fd;kFkkA /keZ dk izpkj djrs gq, tc os cVkyk 'kgj ls vehukckj igq¡ps] rc ckn'kkgckcj us mUgsa fxj¶+rkj dj fy;k FkkA ml le; muds lkFk dqN lkFkh Hkh FksAmUgksaus rc ckcj dh djrwrkssa ds fy, mUgsa cqjh rjg ls yrkM+k Hkh FkkA viuh bu;k=kvksa esa mUgksaus yk[kksa ihfM+r vkSj 'kksf"kr tukass ads nq%[kksa vkSj d"Vksa dk fuokj.kfd;k vkSj mUgsa /keZ ds lPps mins'k Hkh fn,A ;g vkSj ckr gS fd bu ;k=kvksaesa muds uke ds lkFk vusd djkekrh vkSSj pkeRdkfjd ?kVukvksa dk laHkkj tq+M+kfey tkrk gSA

11-11-11-11-11- fLFkrizK LoHkko ds izek.k %fLFkrizK LoHkko ds izek.k %fLFkrizK LoHkko ds izek.k %fLFkrizK LoHkko ds izek.k %fLFkrizK LoHkko ds izek.k %xq# ukud nso th Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk esa dfFkr ̂ fLFkrizK*^fLFkrizK*^fLFkrizK*^fLFkrizK*^fLFkrizK* O;fDr dh

dlkSVh ij iwjss mrjus okys O;fDr;ksa ds ,d izfrfuf/k ekus tk ldrs gSaA mu ij


fdlh lq[kn ;k nq%[kn ?kVuk vkfn dk dksbZ izHkko dHkh ugha iM+k djrk FkkA mudsckjs esa vkpk;Z f}osnh ds gh 'kCn gSa] ßnq%[k ls os mf}Xu ugha gq,] lq[k dh dkeukeu esa ugha j[khA os thou esa dHkh Hkh yksHk] eksg vkSj vfHkeku ds o'khHkwr ughagq,] g"kZ vkSj 'kksd ls fopfyr ugha gq,Aß vkpk;Z us muds fy, ̂foxrLi`g*foxrLi`g*foxrLi`g*foxrLi`g*foxrLi`g* 'kCn¼i`"B 20½ dk tks iz;ksx fd;k gS] og okLro esa fLFkrizK ;k fu%Li`g 'kCn dk ghvU; i;kZ;okpd 'kCn gSA mUgksaasus dHkh Hkh fdlh O;fDr dk bl lhek rdfojks/k djus dk uke rd ugha fy;k] fd og ,d fnu dgha oSj dk :i /kkj.ku dj ysA

vkpk;Z jkepUnz 'kqDy dh ,d lwfDr gS] ßoSj Øks/k dk vpkj ;kßoSj Øks/k dk vpkj ;kßoSj Øks/k dk vpkj ;kßoSj Øks/k dk vpkj ;kßoSj Øks/k dk vpkj ;keqjCck gSßeqjCck gSßeqjCck gSßeqjCck gSßeqjCck gSßA dgus dk Hkko ;gh gS fd tc ge fdlh nwljs O;fDr ds izfr viuseuksxr ̂Øks/k* ds Hkko dks ,d yEcs le; rd ikys jgrs gSa] rks ,d&u&,d fnuog ml 'k=q vkfn ds izfr gekjs dBksj oSj dk gh :i /kkj.k dj fy;k djrkgSA vpkj dks Hkh dqNsd {k.kksa eas idk;k ;k rS;kj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS] blhfy,muds lUnHkZ esa ys[kd dh ;g fVIi.kh lkFkZd cu iM+h gS fd] ßloZ= muds ènqyLoHkko vkSj lR;'khy vkpj.k us fot; ikbZA dVqrk dgha ugha vkbZA fojks/k us oSjdk :i dHkh ugha fy;kAß&¼i`"B 21½A

,d fLFkrizK O;fDr vU; euq";ksa dh rjg tYnh ls lq[k&nq%[k dhvoLFkk ls izHkkfor ugha gqvk djrk gS vkSj ge mls ,d rVLFk O;fDr dg ldrsgSa] tks lnSo izHkq dh d̀ik ij gh fuHkZj gqvk djrk gSA xq# th ,sls gh egkekuo FksA

12-12-12-12-12- tkfr vkSj /keZ ds Hksntkfr vkSj /keZ ds Hksntkfr vkSj /keZ ds Hksntkfr vkSj /keZ ds Hksntkfr vkSj /keZ ds Hksn&Hkkokssa dk [k.Mu %Hkkokssa dk [k.Mu %Hkkokssa dk [k.Mu %Hkkokssa dk [k.Mu %Hkkokssa dk [k.Mu %xq# ukudnso th us vius thou esa lnSo tkfrokfnrk vkSj lekt esa

Å¡p&uhp ds Hkkoksa vkSj fopkjksa dk Hkjld fojks/k fd;k FkkA ;gh dkj.k gS fd osfgUnw vkSj eqlYeku nksuksa gh tkfr;ksa ds yksxksa ls ,d cjkcj Lusg fd;k djrsFksA bl izdkj vius bl dFku ls mUgksaus lkekftd lerk ;k lekurk dk egku~lUns'k ekuork ds fy, izlkfjr fd;k FkkA mUgha ds 'kCn gSa] ̂,d tksfr rs lHk^,d tksfr rs lHk^,d tksfr rs lHk^,d tksfr rs lHk^,d tksfr rs lHktx Åitk] dkSu Hkys dkSu eUnsAtx Åitk] dkSu Hkys dkSu eUnsAtx Åitk] dkSu Hkys dkSu eUnsAtx Åitk] dkSu Hkys dkSu eUnsAtx Åitk] dkSu Hkys dkSu eUnsA

fo}ku~ ys[kd us mudh ckf.k;ksa esa lnSo ,d HkfDriw.kZ lUr dk&lkLoj ns[kk vkSj fn[kk;k gSA u rks mudh ck.kh esa lUr dchj dh ok.khlh&vD[kM+rk gS vkSsj u gh mlesa dgha Hkh fgUnw ;k eqlYeku dh uhfr;ksa] fopkjksavkfn ds [k.Mu ;k e.Mu dh izof̀Ùk ns[kus dks feyrh gSA os xq# ds lPps HkDrksadks lnSo /khj&Hkko ls izR;sd fLFkfr dk lkeuk djrs gq, ckgjh vkMEcjksa dk Hkjiwjfojks/k djus&djkus dh gh lPph f'k{kk iznku fd;k djrs FksA flD[k HkDrksa dks


gh dbZ ckj muds fopkjksa ds dkj.k nhokjksa esa pquok fn;k x;k Fkk] Qk¡lh ijyVdok fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj vusd izdkj dh vekuqf"kd ihM+k,¡ nh xbZ Fkha] fQjHkh os vius fu'p; ls dHkh Hkh Vl&ls&el u gq,A

muds lHkh mins'k lkekftd lekurk dh LFkkiuk dk gh egku~ mins'kvR;Ur ljy vkSj lgt Hkk"kk esa nsus ds dkj.k gh mudkss vkt rd yksdfiz;cuk, gq, gSaA

13-13-13-13-13- thou vkSj txr~ ds izfr vkRenSU;] fou; vkSjthou vkSj txr~ ds izfr vkRenSU;] fou; vkSjthou vkSj txr~ ds izfr vkRenSU;] fou; vkSjthou vkSj txr~ ds izfr vkRenSU;] fou; vkSjthou vkSj txr~ ds izfr vkRenSU;] fou; vkSjoSjkX;oSjkX;oSjkX;oSjkX;oSjkX; ds Hkko % ds Hkko % ds Hkko % ds Hkko % ds Hkko %

xq# ukud nso th dh ok.kh esaa muds vR;Ur fouez LoHkko ds izek.kLFky&LFky ij izkIr gksrs jgrs gSaA blh fopkj ls feyrk&tqyrk Hkko thou vkSjtxr~ dh u'ojrk ls Hkh muds eu esa mfnr gksrk jgrk FkkA os ml ̂okgsxq#*dh unfj ¼ut+j] d`ik&nf̀"V½ dk gh vius dks iwjh rjg ls eq[kkis{kh ;k eqgrktekuk djrs FksA dHkh&dHkh os bl lalkj ds ek;k&tky ls Åc dj ̂fuosZn* vFkkZr~oSjkX;&Hkko esa Mwc dj ,sls 'kkUr jl ls iw.kZ in Hkh xk;k djrs Fks] ftUgsa lqudj bl nqfu;k ds izfr eu esa vikj mnklhurk ;k rVLFkrk dk Hkko fdlh dsHkh eu esa Hkj ldrk gS %&

jSf.k x¡okbZ lksb dS] fnolq xokbvk [kkbZAjSf.k x¡okbZ lksb dS] fnolq xokbvk [kkbZAjSf.k x¡okbZ lksb dS] fnolq xokbvk [kkbZAjSf.k x¡okbZ lksb dS] fnolq xokbvk [kkbZAjSf.k x¡okbZ lksb dS] fnolq xokbvk [kkbZAghjs tSlk tueq gS] dmMh cnys tkbAAghjs tSlk tueq gS] dmMh cnys tkbAAghjs tSlk tueq gS] dmMh cnys tkbAAghjs tSlk tueq gS] dmMh cnys tkbAAghjs tSlk tueq gS] dmMh cnys tkbAA

mudh vkRenhurk dh Hkkouk mudh ,slh iafDr;ksa esa viuh pje lhekij gh fn[kkbZ nsrh gS %&

uhpk vUnfj uhp tkfr uhph gw vfr uhpqAuhpk vUnfj uhp tkfr uhph gw vfr uhpqAuhpk vUnfj uhp tkfr uhph gw vfr uhpqAuhpk vUnfj uhp tkfr uhph gw vfr uhpqAuhpk vUnfj uhp tkfr uhph gw vfr uhpqAukudq fru dS lafx lkfFk ofMvk flm fdvk jhlAukudq fru dS lafx lkfFk ofMvk flm fdvk jhlAukudq fru dS lafx lkfFk ofMvk flm fdvk jhlAukudq fru dS lafx lkfFk ofMvk flm fdvk jhlAukudq fru dS lafx lkfFk ofMvk flm fdvk jhlAftFkS uhp lekyhvfu frFkS unfj rsjh c[klhlAAftFkS uhp lekyhvfu frFkS unfj rsjh c[klhlAAftFkS uhp lekyhvfu frFkS unfj rsjh c[klhlAAftFkS uhp lekyhvfu frFkS unfj rsjh c[klhlAAftFkS uhp lekyhvfu frFkS unfj rsjh c[klhlAA

14- izHkq ds vuqxzg ¼Hkk.ks½ dh izkfIr ij cy %14- izHkq ds vuqxzg ¼Hkk.ks½ dh izkfIr ij cy %14- izHkq ds vuqxzg ¼Hkk.ks½ dh izkfIr ij cy %14- izHkq ds vuqxzg ¼Hkk.ks½ dh izkfIr ij cy %14- izHkq ds vuqxzg ¼Hkk.ks½ dh izkfIr ij cy %xq# th ml izHkq dks gh ,d ek= loZ'kfDreku~ ekurs FksA mlh ds gqDe

ls bl lalkj dk bruk lkjk dk;Z&dyki py jgk gSA vr% gesa lnSo mlh dsĤkk.ks* ¼vkns'k] bPNk]d̀ik½ esa jg dj vius lHkh dkeksa dks djuk vkSj muls feyusokys Qyksa dh foospuk ;k O;k[;k djrs jguk pkfg,A os ekurs Fks fd ,slk djusls gh ekuo ;k tho dks vius bl thou vkSSj txr~ esa cM+Iiu dh izkfIr gqvkdjrh gSA os dgrs gSa %&

gqdeh gksofu vkdkj gqdeq u dfgvk tkbZAgqdeh gksofu vkdkj gqdeq u dfgvk tkbZAgqdeh gksofu vkdkj gqdeq u dfgvk tkbZAgqdeh gksofu vkdkj gqdeq u dfgvk tkbZAgqdeh gksofu vkdkj gqdeq u dfgvk tkbZAgqdeh gksofu thv gqdfe feyS ofMvkbZAAgqdeh gksofu thv gqdfe feyS ofMvkbZAAgqdeh gksofu thv gqdfe feyS ofMvkbZAAgqdeh gksofu thv gqdfe feyS ofMvkbZAAgqdeh gksofu thv gqdfe feyS ofMvkbZAA


2-2-2-2-2- vkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn ds fucU/k ^xq#ukud nsovkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn ds fucU/k ^xq#ukud nsovkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn ds fucU/k ^xq#ukud nsovkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn ds fucU/k ^xq#ukud nsovkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn ds fucU/k ^xq#ukud nso% lUns'k&efgek* esa vkfn flD[k xq# dk egku~% lUns'k&efgek* esa vkfn flD[k xq# dk egku~% lUns'k&efgek* esa vkfn flD[k xq# dk egku~% lUns'k&efgek* esa vkfn flD[k xq# dk egku~% lUns'k&efgek* esa vkfn flD[k xq# dk egku~

dk;Zdk;Zdk;Zdk;Zdk;Z

bbbbbl ys[k esa mPp dksfV ds fo}ku~ vkSj cgqeq[kh izfrHkk ds /kuh ekustkus okys vkSj LoHkko ls Lo;a ekuorkoknh n'kZu ds leFkZd vkSj ̂vtkr'k=q* ̂vtkr'k=q* ̂vtkr'k=q* ̂vtkr'k=q* ̂vtkr'k=q*dgs tkus okys egku~ ys[kd] leh{kd vkSj ekuo vkpk;Z gT+kkjhizlkn th f}osnhds fucU/k ̂xq# ukud nso % lUns'k&efgek* ¼iqLrd ̂flD[k xq#vksa dk iq.;Lej.k*½ ds dF; ;k izfrik| ij foLrkj ls fopkj djds flD[kksa ds vkfn xq#ukud nso th ds }kjk izfrikfnr mi;ksxh lUns'kkssa dk vkdyu djus dh

;fRdafpr~ ps"Vk dh tk jgh gS A

1-1-1-1-1- dqlaLdkjksa vkSj vU/kfo'oklksa dk cksyckykdqlaLdkjksa vkSj vU/kfo'oklksa dk cksyckykdqlaLdkjksa vkSj vU/kfo'oklksa dk cksyckykdqlaLdkjksa vkSj vU/kfo'oklksa dk cksyckykdqlaLdkjksa vkSj vU/kfo'oklksa dk cksyckykbl fucU/k ds vkjEHk esa gh ys[kd vkpk;Z gt+kjhizlkn f}osnh us xq#

ukudnso th ds ckjs esa dgk gS fd os vius thou esa dsoy oSjkX; /kkj.k djusokys ,d egkRek gh u Fks] vfirq mUgksaus lalkj ds yksxksa dks ̂egkRek* fo'ks"k.k lsfoHkwf"kr gksus dk ,d loZFkk u;k iFk gh lq>k;k FkkA muds vius dky esavk/;kfRed Lrj ij pkjksa vkSj vui


?kk;y djrs FksA mUgha ds 'kCnksa esa dfy;qx dk dky fdlh ̂dkrh* vFkkZr~ Nqjhdh rjg gks x;k Fkk vkSj mlesa jktk inoh/kkjh yksx dlkb;ksa dk&lk O;ogkjtulk/kkj.k ds lkFk fd;k djrs FksA ̂jktk lhag eqdíe dqÙks--* vkfn 'kCn mUghads Jheq[k ls fudys gq, rh[ks] fdUrq ifjos'k dk fp=.k djus okys ;FkkFkZ opuFksA mUgksaus /keZ ds lEcU/k essa ,d :id ck¡/krs gq, dgk Fkk] fd ß/keZ ia[k yxkdj dgha mM+ x;kA >wB :ih vekoL;k dh jkr Fkh vkSj lR; dk pUnzek vLrgks x;k FkkAß

3-3-3-3-3- ujujujujuj&ukfj;ksa dh vuSfrdrk vkSj la;eghurk %ukfj;ksa dh vuSfrdrk vkSj la;eghurk %ukfj;ksa dh vuSfrdrk vkSj la;eghurk %ukfj;ksa dh vuSfrdrk vkSj la;eghurk %ukfj;ksa dh vuSfrdrk vkSj la;eghurk %blh izdkj mUgksaus ̂lkjax dh okj*^lkjax dh okj*^lkjax dh okj*^lkjax dh okj*^lkjax dh okj* ds vUrxZr dgk Fkk fd ßfL=;k¡ ew[kZ

gks xbZ gSaA iq#"k t+kfye f'kdkjh cu x, gSa vkSj yksx 'khy] la;e rFkk ifo=rk dksrksM+ dj [kk|k[kk| [kkus yxs gSaA 'keZ vkSj izfr"Bk mB dj u tkus dgk¡ pys x,gSaA yksx brus :f


5-5-5-5-5- lEiw.kZ ekuolEiw.kZ ekuolEiw.kZ ekuolEiw.kZ ekuolEiw.kZ ekuo&thou ds lq/kkj dk gh egku~ iz;klthou ds lq/kkj dk gh egku~ iz;klthou ds lq/kkj dk gh egku~ iz;klthou ds lq/kkj dk gh egku~ iz;klthou ds lq/kkj dk gh egku~ iz;klys[kd dk fopkj gS fd tgk¡ e/;dky ds vU; lUrksa us vius

HkfDr&ekxZ dks ekuo ds dsoy /kkfeZd vkSj lkekftd thou rd gh lhferdjds ladqfpr dj fn;k Fkk] ogk¡ xq# ukud nso th us lewps ekuoh; thoudks gh mUur djus dk y{; vius lkeus j[k dj viuh fo'ks"krk lcls vyxLFkkfir dj yh FkhA pkgs lfn;ksa ls Hkkjro"kZ esa n'kZu vkSj v/;kRe ds {ks= esa;ksxnku djus okys egf"kZ;ksa vkSj fpUrdksa us cgqr egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku fd;k HkhgS] fQj Hkh os fofHkUu eroknksa ;k fl)kUrksa esa viuh fopkj/kkjkvksa dks d+Sn dj fn;kdjrs FksA mnkgj.kLo:i v}Sroknh n'kZu dks ekuus okys fopkjd ckSf)d /kjkryij rks fl)kUr&:i esa v}Sr ;k ,drk dh gh ckr djrs Fks] ijUrq O;kogkfjd/kjkry ij mrjrs gh lekt ds yksxksa ls os Å¡p&uhp] Nwr&Nkr vkSj HksnHkko lsdke ysus yx tk;k djrs FksA ;g cgqr cM+k vUrfoZjks/k gh rks FkkA nwljs 'kCnksa esayksxksa ds fl)kUr vkSj fopkjksa esa ,d cgqr cM+k vUrj ;k [kkbZ gh feyk djrh FkhA

6-6-6-6-6- dFkuh vkSj djuh esa vUrjdFkuh vkSj djuh esa vUrjdFkuh vkSj djuh esa vUrjdFkuh vkSj djuh esa vUrjdFkuh vkSj djuh esa vUrjml dky esa v/;kRe ds /kjkry ij rks nk'kZfud yksx v}Sroknh fl)kUr

dh ckrsa c?kkjk djrs Fks vkSj lfPpnkuUn czã dh ckrsa gh fd;k djrs Fkss] tcfdO;kogkfjd /kjkry ij mrj dj ogh yksx cgqnsooknh gks tk;k djrs FksA blh izdkjtks nk'kZfud tu fl)Ur ds :i esa 'kCn&czã dh lÙkk esa viuh vkLFkk j[kk djrsFks] ogh O;kogkfjd :i esa lk/kq&lUrksa vkSj ;ksfx;ksa ds izHkkoLo:i rU=] eU= vkSjtknw&Vksuksa esa fo'okl izdV djus yxrs FksA bl izdkj ̂gkFkh ds nk¡r [kkus ds vkSj]fn[kkus ds vkSj* okyh dgkor gh pfjrkFkZ gks jgh FkhA

fo}ku~ ys[kd us xq# ukud ds le; esa feyus okys ,sls ghvUrfoZjks/kksa dks vkM+s gkFkksa ysrs gq, mu ij djkjk d'kk?kkr fd;k gSA os nks Vwd'kCnksa esa ;g dVk{k djus esa fdlh Hkh ladksp dk vuqHko ugha djrs gSa fd yksxfl)kUr ds :i esa rks mlije 'kfDr'kkyh bZ'oj dks gh bl lalkj esa tM+&psrulHkh inkFkks± dk ltZd vkSj ikyd ekurs Fks] ijUrq tc O;ogkj dh jktuhfr djusdh ckr vkrh Fkh] rks ogh yksx vgadkj] Hk;] yksHk] eksg tSls euksfodkjksa ls xzzLrgks tk;k djrs FksA bl izdkj dFkuh vkSj djuh dh bl [kkbZ esa fnuksafnu c


Hkh ekurs gSa vkSj O;ogkj&:i esa HkhA mudk er gS fd xq# ukud nso th fdlhHkh cM+h jktuhfrd 'kfDr ;k lÙkk ds lkeus vius ?kqVus dHkh u Vsd lds vkSjvusd Hk;kouh lkekftd :fkSrk ugha fd;k Fkk vkSj gesa Hkh mUgha ds in&fpg~uksa ij pyukpkfg,A ̂lR;* gh muds thou dk ,d ek= /kzqorkjk Fkk vkSj ogh mudk lclscM+k eU= Fkk] chteU= ;k xq#eU= eku dj gesa Hkh mls mlh :i esa Lohdkjdjuk gksxk] ftl :i esa mUgksaaus gesa mls iznku fd;k FkkA ftl fnO; :i esa xq#th us bl lalkj esa vk dj gesa vius n'kZu djk, Fks] gesa vkt Hkh mlh :i dkslknj Lohdkj djuk gksxk vkSj ;fn ge muds ml vykSfdd Lo:i dks HkqykcSBrs gSa] rks blls cM+k nqHkkZX; gekjs ns'k dks dksbZ vkSj gks gh ugha ldrk gSA blizdkj ys[kd us flD[kksa ds vkfn xq# ukud ds thou vkSj ok.kh dsvk/kkj ij mudh xfjek vkSj efgek dh eq[; ckrsa ljy vkSj lh/ks


3- xq# vaxnso ds vk/;kfRed vkSj3- xq# vaxnso ds vk/;kfRed vkSj3- xq# vaxnso ds vk/;kfRed vkSj3- xq# vaxnso ds vk/;kfRed vkSj3- xq# vaxnso ds vk/;kfRed vkSjykSfdd nk'kZfud fopkjykSfdd nk'kZfud fopkjykSfdd nk'kZfud fopkjykSfdd nk'kZfud fopkjykSfdd nk'kZfud fopkj

xqxqxqxqxq# vaxnnso lkfgc dk dky fo'ks"k mFky&iqFky dk dky ekuk tkrkgSA rc ns'k esa pkjksa vksj Je.kksa] czkã.kksa laU;kfl;ksa vkSj ;ksfx;ksa&tfr;ksa ds fofHkUueroknksa dk tky QSyk gqvk Fkk] ftlesaa Q¡ldj tulk/kkj.k fnXHkzfer gksrs jgrs FksAns'k ds Hkhrj lfn;ksa ls pyh vk jgh vkJekssa vkSj o.kks± dh O;oLFkk us rks viukHk;kouk :i /kkj.k fd;k gh gqvk Fkk] blds lkFk gh thou vkSj txr~ ds izfr gnntZZs dk oSjkX;&Hkko Hkh yksxksa dks le;≤ ij xzLr djrk jgrk FkkA

fgUnw /keZ dh thou&'kSyh esa ,d vksj rks oSfnd /keZ ds izHkkoLo:i yksxksads euksa esa ;K] cfy vkfn us viuk LFkk;h ?kj tek;k gqvk Fkk( nwljh vksj] yksdesa bLykeh /keZ dh vusd fØ;kvksa us Msjk tek j[kk FkkA blh rjg lwQ+h /keZ dsekuus okys yksxksa esa muds vius fof'k"V laxhr vkSj d+cz rd dh iwtkdjus dh fo'ks"ki)fr] rfd;ksa vkfn ij tkdj HkfDr djus&djkus dh izFkk izpfyr FkhA

1-1-1-1-1- ekuo&/keZ gh loZJs"Bekuo&/keZ gh loZJs"Bekuo&/keZ gh loZJs"Bekuo&/keZ gh loZJs"Bekuo&/keZ gh loZJs"Bxq# th ds dky esa flD[k /keZ dh yksdfiz; ckrksa vkSj fl)kUrksa ds

dkj.k yksx rst+h ls bl er dh vksj vkdf"kZr gksrs pys tk jgs FksA dqN yksxbl u;s er dks izHkko'kkyh cukus ds fy, fgUnw /keZ ds ijEijkxr jhfr&fjoktksals bldks vyx j[k dj fodflr djus dh vko';drk ij cy nsus yxs FksAblds fy, lcls igys loZizFke xq# ukudnso th us lkFkZd iz;kl fd, FksAmUgksasus fgUnw /keZ ds ckgjh deZdk.Mksa ;Fkk firjksa dh iwtk] ;K] ozrksiokl vkfn/kkfeZd fof/k;ksa dk MVdj fojks/k fd;k vkSj ewfÙkZ&iwtk vkfn /kkfeZd mikluk&i)fr;ksadk ;FkklEHko fojks/k djds ̂Jhokfgxq#*^Jhokfgxq#*^Jhokfgxq#*^Jhokfgxq#*^Jhokfgxq#* ds uke&Lej.k vkSj Hktu&dhrZu dhfof/k;ksa dks yksdfiz; cukus dk ,sfrgkfld egÙo dk dk;Z lEiUu fd;k FkkA mudsckn mUgha ds ;ksX;re f'k"; dks mudh d`ik vkSj viuh ;ksX;rk vkSj ifjJe dsiqjLdkjLo:i mudh xíh ij 'kksHkk;eku gksus dk lkSHkkX; izkIr gqvk FkkA mUgksausHkh vius xq# ukudnso th ds in&fpg~uksa ij pyrs gq, Hkkjrh; turk dkv/;kRe vkSj /keZ ds {ks= esa ekxZ&n'kZu fd;kA muds erkuqlkj Hkh bl lalkj easlcls cM+k /keZ ekuo&/keZ gh gS vkSj izR;sd tho dks mls gh viukrs gq, nq[kh


vkSj ihfM++r yksxksa dh lnSo lPps eu ls lsok&'kqJw"kk djrs jguk pkfg,A mlle; xq# vaxnnso th }kjk le>k, gq, bl ekxZ dh vkt ds oSf'od fpUruokys thou esa izklafxdrk le;laxr gh dgh tk,xhA

xq# th dk Li"V :i ls ;g dFku gS %µtksx lcn Kku lcn csn lcn czkã.kgAA[k=h lcn lwj lcn lwæ lcn ijkd`rgAAljc lcn ,d lcn ts dks tk.kS HksÅAAukud rk dk nkl gS lksbZ fujUtu nsÅAA1

&Jh xq# xazFk lkfgc] i`"B 468

2-2-2-2-2- izHkq gksrk gS ,d ghizHkq gksrk gS ,d ghizHkq gksrk gS ,d ghizHkq gksrk gS ,d ghizHkq gksrk gS ,d ghxq# lkfgc ds dky esa rks fgUnw /keZ dh ijEijkxr ekU;rk rks lSadM+ksa

ukeksa vkSj izdkjksa okys nsorkvksa dks ysdj py jgh Fkh vkSj ml cgqnsooknh /kkj.kkls flD[k er ds vuq;kf;;ksa dk i;kZIr erHksn Fkk] tksfd vkt rd ;Fkkor~ pykvk jgk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd ,d gh tkfr ;k o.kZ ds yksxksa esa Hkh vius mikL; dksysdj i;kZIr erHksn feyrs Fks vkSj ;g izfØ;k vkt rd cnLrwj pyh vk jghgSA vius J)s; xq# Jh ukudnso th ds fl)kUrksa dk vuqxeu djrs gq, xq#vaxnnso th us Hkh yksxksa dks le>krs gq, dgk fd lHkh yksxksa dk izHkq ;k Lokehrks dsoy ,d gh gS vkSj lHkh izkf.k;ksaaa esa mlh ,d izHkq dh vkRek fuokl fd;kdjrh gSA tks tho ;g ckr vius eu ls le> ysrk gS] mlh dk thou lkFkZdgks tkrk gSA v/;kRe vkSj /keZ ds lalkj esa ;g fopkj loZFkk foy{k.k ¼iaatkch 'kCn^fuosdyk*½ gh ekuk x;k FkkA mUgksaus nks Vwd 'kCnksa esa ;g ?kks"k.kk dh fd &

,d d`".k ljc nso nsok rk vkRekAA,d d`".k ljc nso nsok rk vkRekAA,d d`".k ljc nso nsok rk vkRekAA,d d`".k ljc nso nsok rk vkRekAA,d d`".k ljc nso nsok rk vkRekAAvkRek cklqnsofl ts dks tk.kS HksÅAAvkRek cklqnsofl ts dks tk.kS HksÅAAvkRek cklqnsofl ts dks tk.kS HksÅAAvkRek cklqnsofl ts dks tk.kS HksÅAAvkRek cklqnsofl ts dks tk.kS HksÅAAukud rk dk nkl gS lksbZ fujUtu nsÅAAukud rk dk nkl gS lksbZ fujUtu nsÅAAukud rk dk nkl gS lksbZ fujUtu nsÅAAukud rk dk nkl gS lksbZ fujUtu nsÅAAukud rk dk nkl gS lksbZ fujUtu nsÅAA22222

&2- iUuk] 468^^lHkuk lkfgc ,d gS**^^lHkuk lkfgc ,d gS**^^lHkuk lkfgc ,d gS**^^lHkuk lkfgc ,d gS**^^lHkuk lkfgc ,d gS** dgus ls Hkh mudk ;gh vk'k; fudyrk gSA

vr% lHkh thoksa dks dsoy mlh ,d ijekRek ;k ̂vkasdkj* ̂vkasdkj* ̂vkasdkj* ̂vkasdkj* ̂vkasdkj* dks ikus ;k /;kus dkgj ?kM+h iz;kl djuk pkfg,A ,slk djus ls igys mls vius lHkh euksfodkjksa ;Fkkdke] Øks/k] en] yksHk] eksg vkSj vgadkj dk fuokj.k djuk vko';d gqvk djrkgSA dqN vkykspd ;g leL;k Hkh lkeus j[krs gSa fd og ijczã rks fuxqZ.k vkSjfujkdkj gh gS] rc Hkyk ,d lk/kkj.k tho ml rd viuh jlkbZ dSls dj ldrkgS \ nwljh leL;k lalkj esa ml rd ys tkus okys brus vf/kd lk/kuk&iFkksa ;k


/kkfeZd ekxks± ds gksrs gq, Hkyk bl ckr dk fu.kZ; dksbZ tho dSls dj ldrk gS]fd bu lHkh /kkfeZd vkSj lkEiznkf;d iFkksa esa mlds }kjk xzg.k djus ;k viukusds fy, dkSu&lk iFk ;k er loksZÙke gks ldrk gSA bl leL;k dslek/kku&Lo:i xq# vaxnnso th us vius gh J)s; xq# ukud th }kjk mifn"VekxZ viukus dk gh lHkh tuksa dks funsZ'k fd;k gSA budk dFku gS fd bl lalkjesa ,d lPpk xq# gh gqvk djrk gS] tksfd va/ksjs :ih vKku ls fudkydj ,dHkzfer vkSj nqfo/kkxzLr HkDr ;k tho dks Kku dk vkyksd iznku djus esa loZleFkZgqvk djrk gSA ̂relks ek T;ksfrxZe;*^relks ek T;ksfrxZe;*^relks ek T;ksfrxZe;*^relks ek T;ksfrxZe;*^relks ek T;ksfrxZe;* dk ;gh vFkZ gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd xq#vaxnnso th Q+ekZrs gSa fd %&

ts lÅ pUnk mxofg lwjt p


blh esa nok&nk: Hkh 'kkfey gS] D;ksafd ̂'kCn*^'kCn*^'kCn*^'kCn*^'kCn* dh dekbZ djus ls gh ̂gÅeS*,d ,slh vkS"kf/k esa ifjofrZr gks tkrk gS] tksfd ekuoh; LokLF; ds fy,ykHkdkfj.kh gh fl) gksrh gSA xq# th us ̂gÅeS* ¼vgadkj½ ls nwj jgus dk Q+jekuHkh tkjh fd;k gSA ̂gÅeS*^gÅeS*^gÅeS*^gÅeS*^gÅeS* dh fuo`fÙk euq"; dh lEiw.kZrk ds fy, vko';d gSA

&¼iUuk 466½

5-5-5-5-5- xqjeq[kh fyfi dh jpuk vkSj yksdfiz;rkxqjeq[kh fyfi dh jpuk vkSj yksdfiz;rkxqjeq[kh fyfi dh jpuk vkSj yksdfiz;rkxqjeq[kh fyfi dh jpuk vkSj yksdfiz;rkxqjeq[kh fyfi dh jpuk vkSj yksdfiz;rkHkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; ds {ks= esa xq# vaxnnso th dh fo'ks"k nsu iatkch Hkk"kk

dh ̂xqjeq[kh*^xqjeq[kh*^xqjeq[kh*^xqjeq[kh*^xqjeq[kh* uked fyfi dh jpuk djds mls fo'o Hkj esa izpfyr dj nsukHkh gS] ftlds dkj.k mudk uke iatkch Hkk"kk vkSj fyfi ds bfrgkl esa lnSoLo.kkZ{kjksa esa fy[ks tkus ;ksX; Bgjrk gSA pw¡fd bl fyfi ds v{kj Lo;eso xq#vaxnnso th ds Jheq[k ls gh fudys Fks] blhfy, bl fyfi dk uke xqjeq[kh iwjhrjg ls lkFkZd dgk tk ldrk gSAßbl fyfi dk uke ̂xqjeq[kh* blfy, iM+k]D;ksafd bldks xq# ds Jheq[k ls fudys 'kCnksa dks fyf[kr :i esa ykus ds fy,ç;qDr fd;k x;kAß&fçafliy rstkflag vkSj x.Mkflag] ̂flD[k bfrgkl*] ikn&fVIi.kh] i`"B 19-

muds ckn vkxs pydj Jhxq# vtqZunso th us Hkh ̂vkfnxzUFk* dklEiknu xqjeq[kh fyfi esa gh lEiUu djds ekuks bl fyfi dh izkekf.kdrkij lnk ds fy, viuh eqgj yxk nh FkhA mlds ckn rks iatkch tSlhlqe/kqj vkSj lgt&ljy Hkk"kk ds fy[kus&ikrs gq,flD[k /keZ&xazFk dh xqjeq[kh esa uhao j[kh] tksfd ml le; ds tulk/kkj.k dhlk/kkj.k cksypky dh gh Hkk"kk Hkh FkhA bl çdkj flD[k /keZ&xzaFk Hkh vU;


ledkyhu /keZ&xzaFkksa dh rjg cgqr 'kh?kz gh yksxksa esa yksdfç; gks x;k] ftldhck.kh dk ikB vkSj dhrZu xq# ukud nso th ds le; ls gh vkjEHk gks x;k FkkvkSj xq# vaxn nso th ds fuR; ds dk;ks± dk vax Hkh cu x;k %&µ

Jh vaxn xq# vkfn dh lHk jhfr laHkkjhAJh vaxn xq# vkfn dh lHk jhfr laHkkjhAJh vaxn xq# vkfn dh lHk jhfr laHkkjhAJh vaxn xq# vkfn dh lHk jhfr laHkkjhAJh vaxn xq# vkfn dh lHk jhfr laHkkjhA


bl txr~ ds ?kus re esa mldks T;ksfr&iFk dk ifFkd cuk ldrk gS] vU; dksbZHkh ,slk djus ds ;ksX; ;k l{ke dHkh Hkh ugha gqvk djrk gSA

77777----- dfy;qx dh irudfy;qx dh irudfy;qx dh irudfy;qx dh irudfy;qx dh iru'khy voLFkk dk l'kDr js[kkadu'khy voLFkk dk l'kDr js[kkadu'khy voLFkk dk l'kDr js[kkadu'khy voLFkk dk l'kDr js[kkadu'khy voLFkk dk l'kDr js[kkadu;g ,d ifjorZu'khy ;k laØkfUrdkyhu ;qx dgk tk ldrk gSA bls

^dfy;qx* ^dfy;qx* ^dfy;qx* ^dfy;qx* ^dfy;qx* dh laKk nh tkrh jgh gSA Hkkjrh; laLdf̀r ds vuqlkj ;s dqy ;qx jgsgSa %µ¼d½ lr;qxA ¼[k½ =ksrkA ¼x½ }kij vkSj ¼?k½ dfy;qxA

buesa çFke rhuksa ;qx rks O;rhr gks pqds gSaA ;g vfZUre dfy;qx py jgkgS vkSj xq# vaxnnso ds dky esa Hkh ;gh FkkA bl dfy;qx esa ekuoh; ewY;ksa dk iruns[kus dks feyrk gSA pksj&ywVsjs&Mkdw rFkk mpDdksa vkfn dk gh pkjksa vksjcksyckyk ns[kk tkrk gSA gjsd O;fDr de&ls&de le; vkSj ifjJe ls oS/k&voS/k lk/kuksa ls vius ikl vf/kdre /ku dk Lokeh gks tkus dh bPNk vius euesa lnSo ikys jgrk gSA og lekt esa fdlh&u&fdlh çdkj dh pksjh ;k ywVikVdk dke djus&djkus esa O;Lr gSA ;g ckr dVq gksus ij Hkh orZeku dky dk ,dHkkSfrdrkoknh lR; ekuk tk ldrk gSA ;fn vkt ,d O;fDr vk;dj vkfn dsek/;e ls /ku dh pksjh dj jgk gS] rks nwljk O;fDr fctyh dh pksjh ;k rks djjgk gS ;k fQj djus dh rjdhcsa lkspus esa viuk efLr"d ;k ifjJe yxkus esa O;Lrut+j vk ldrk gSA

dksbZ vlR; cksy dj ̂lR;*^lR;*^lR;*^lR;*^lR;* uked ;e&fu;e dh pksjh dj jgk gS] rksdksbZ vius ikfjokfjd lEcU/kksa dks ckyk,&rkd+ j[kdj mUgsa fdlh&u&fdlh :iesa nkx++nkj djds izdkjkUrj ls vius gh eq[k ij dkfy[k iksr jgk gSA bZekunkjh;k lR;fu"Bk ls ,M+h&pksVh dk t+ksj yxkdj /ku dekus dh ckr cgqr gh de yksxlkspk djrs gSaA

lUr dchj ds 'kCnksa esa lHkh yksx viuk ̂?kj*^?kj*^?kj*^?kj*^?kj* tksM+us dh gh tqxkM+ esayxs gq, gSa vkSj vkt gesa LokFkZ&Hkko ds izrhd blh ̂?kj*^?kj*^?kj*^?kj*^?kj* uked rÙo dks yqdkBhyxk dj Qw¡dus dk lkekftd fgr dk dk;Z djuk vkSj djkuk gksxkA oSls rks gesa,d nwljs ls lqe/kqj Hkk"kk esa laokn LFkkfir djus pkfg,¡] tcfd blds Bhd foijhrlekt esa cM+s rks cM+s NksVs&NksVs cPps Hkh xkfy;k¡ ns[ks tkrs gSaA efUnj vkfn /keZLFkyvkt çseh&çsfedkvksa ds feyu&LFky gks x, gSaA ,slss ikou LFkyksa esa Hkh yksxksa dksijLij xkyh&xykSp djrs gq, ns[kk tk ldrk gSA Jhjke dk ;g vf}rh; ns'kirk ugha vkt dgk¡] fdl fn'kk esa pyk tk jgk gS \ xq# vaxn nso th us ̂okjeYgkj* esa vius ns'k dh blh nqnZ'kk ds lEcU/k esa ;s 'kCn dgs gSa %&%µ

ukÅ QdhjS ikrlkgq eq[kZ if.Mr ukÅAukÅ QdhjS ikrlkgq eq[kZ if.Mr ukÅAukÅ QdhjS ikrlkgq eq[kZ if.Mr ukÅAukÅ QdhjS ikrlkgq eq[kZ if.Mr ukÅAukÅ QdhjS ikrlkgq eq[kZ if.Mr ukÅA


vU/ks dk okÅ ikj[kq ,soS djs xqvkÅAAvU/ks dk okÅ ikj[kq ,soS djs xqvkÅAAvU/ks dk okÅ ikj[kq ,soS djs xqvkÅAAvU/ks dk okÅ ikj[kq ,soS djs xqvkÅAAvU/ks dk okÅ ikj[kq ,soS djs xqvkÅAAbyfr dk ukÅ pÅ/kjh dqM+h iqjS FkkÅAbyfr dk ukÅ pÅ/kjh dqM+h iqjS FkkÅAbyfr dk ukÅ pÅ/kjh dqM+h iqjS FkkÅAbyfr dk ukÅ pÅ/kjh dqM+h iqjS FkkÅAbyfr dk ukÅ pÅ/kjh dqM+h iqjS FkkÅA

ukud xqjeqf[k tk.kh,s dfy dk ,sgq fuvkÅAA ukud xqjeqf[k tk.kh,s dfy dk ,sgq fuvkÅAA ukud xqjeqf[k tk.kh,s dfy dk ,sgq fuvkÅAA ukud xqjeqf[k tk.kh,s dfy dk ,sgq fuvkÅAA ukud xqjeqf[k tk.kh,s dfy dk ,sgq fuvkÅAA&¼okj eYykj] i`"B 1288½

xq# vaxnnso th dk ;g n`


8-8-8-8-8- ykSfdd thou dh mikns;rk ij cyykSfdd thou dh mikns;rk ij cyykSfdd thou dh mikns;rk ij cyykSfdd thou dh mikns;rk ij cyykSfdd thou dh mikns;rk ij cytgk¡ Hkkjr esa gh fgUnw n'kZu vkSj /keZ esa pkj vkJeksa dh vo/kkj.kk ij

cy fn;k x;k gS vkSj czãp;Z vkSj x`gLFk bu izFke nks vkJeksa dk iwjh rjg lsfuokZg djus&djkus ds ckn okuizLFk vkSj laU;kl bu nks vkJeksa esa ?kj ls oudh vksj izLFkku djus dh izof̀Ùk le>kbZ tkrh jgh gS] ogk¡ xqjck.kh tho ek= dksxkgZLF; thou dk fuokZg djrs gq, lUrku vkfn dk lq][k Hkksxrs gq, lkFk gh izHkqdk fpUru&euu vkSj uke&ti vkSj Hktu&dhrZu vkfn djus dh f'k{kk fn;kdjrh gSA xq# vtqZunso th us gh ,d lyksd esa ,slh thouksUeq[k ykHkdkfj.khf'k{kk iznku djrs gq, tho ek= dks lEcksf/kr djrs gq, ;s 'kCn dgs gSa %&

mn~ne djsansavk thm rwa dekaonsvka lq[k HkqapAmn~ne djsansavk thm rwa dekaonsvka lq[k HkqapAmn~ne djsansavk thm rwa dekaonsvka lq[k HkqapAmn~ne djsansavk thm rwa dekaonsvka lq[k HkqapAmn~ne djsansavk thm rwa dekaonsvka lq[k HkqapA/;kansvka rw izHk feys ûkud*/;kansvka rw izHk feys ûkud*/;kansvka rw izHk feys ûkud*/;kansvka rw izHk feys ûkud*/;kansvka rw izHk feys ûkud* mrjh fparAAmrjh fparAAmrjh fparAAmrjh fparAAmrjh fparAA

xq# vaxn nso th us Hkh viuh 'kk'or egÙkk dh ck.kh esa blh HkkSfrd vkSjykSfdd thou dh mi;ksfxrk dks izfrikfnr fd;k gSA mUgksaus Hkh blh lkalkfjd thoudh lkFkZdrk ds çfr viuh lEiw.kZ vkLFkk O;Dr dh gSA mUgksaus orZeku dky dks ̂la?k"kZ*dk dky Bgjk;k gSA thou esa laa?k"kZ djus ds fy, xq# vaxn nso th us yksxksa dklnSo Lo;a dks rRij j[kus dk vkn'kZ ikB iwBk vkSj ek;kiw.kZ gS] rks blesa rks dgha fdlh çdkj ds lq/kkj dh dksbZHkh vko';drk gh 'ks"k ugha jg tkrh gS] fQj pkgs ;g thou ijk/khurk dk gks] ;k fQj/kkfeZd ,oa lakLd̀frd iru dk gksA xq# th us bl ekuoh; thou dks ̂lR; dh dksBjh*dguk vf/kd mi;qDr le>k gS vkSj blh vk'k; ls os Q+ekZrs gSa %& µ

,g tx lpS dh gS dksBM+h lps dk fofp oklqA bduk gqde lekbZ y, bduk gqde djs fo.kklqAA&¼okj vklk] i"̀B 463½

&vFkkZr~ ;g lalkj ̂lp dh dksBjh* ds leku gSA bl dksBjh ds chpdsoy ,d ogh lPpk ije rÙk gh clk djrk gSA ;gh ckr bl u'oj ;k ej.k/kekZ tho dk 'kqHk&v'kqHk] eaxy&veaxy fd;k djrh gS ;k mldk ,d ek= dkj.kcuk djrh gSA lp rks ;g gS fd ;g ek;koh lalkj ,d ̂[ksy* ^[ksy* ^[ksy* ^[ksy* ^[ksy* ds leku gh gSvkSj bls mls :i esa fy;k Hkh tkuk pkfg,A bl fo'o :ih lius ljh[ks [ksyds ckjs esa ̂tiqth lkfgc* esa Hkh o.kZu çkIr gksrk gSA lalkj :ih [ksy dk okLrfod,oa ekfeZd o.kZu tiqth lkfgc esa Hkh gqvk gSA xq# vaxnnso th us Hkh ̂okj ek>*esa xq# ukud nso th dh ewy fopkj&/kkjk dks O;Dr djrs gq, izdkjkUrj lsLo;a Hkh ;g fopkj izfrikfnr fd;k gS %&µ

iÅ.kq xq# ik.kh firk ekrk /kjfr egrqAAiÅ.kq xq# ik.kh firk ekrk /kjfr egrqAAiÅ.kq xq# ik.kh firk ekrk /kjfr egrqAAiÅ.kq xq# ik.kh firk ekrk /kjfr egrqAAiÅ.kq xq# ik.kh firk ekrk /kjfr egrqAAfnulq jkfr nqbZ nkbZ nkb;k [kSyS lxy txrAfnulq jkfr nqbZ nkbZ nkb;k [kSyS lxy txrAfnulq jkfr nqbZ nkbZ nkb;k [kSyS lxy txrAfnulq jkfr nqbZ nkbZ nkb;k [kSyS lxy txrAfnulq jkfr nqbZ nkbZ nkb;k [kSyS lxy txrA&¼okj ek>] i`"B 146½

lexzr% dgk tk ldrk gS fd xq# vaxnnso th dh ck.kh esa thouksi;ksxh


vusd f'k{kkvksa ds Hk.Mkj Hkjs iM+s feyrs gSaA vko';drk dsoy mudks lgh vk'k;ksads lkFk le>dj muij vius O;kogkfjd thou esa vkpj.k djus dh gqvk djrhgSA ;fn ge lu~ 1552 bZñ eas buds vdky pyk.ks dh frfFk 29 ekpZ ds bl eghusesa mudh ck.kh ls lPph f'k{kk,¡ ys ldsa] rks ;g ,d vR;Ur lkef;d vkSjyksd&dY;k.k okyh ckr gh gksxh A

-----------------------------------------


4-4-4-4-4- xq# vejnkl }kjk loZ/keZ&leHkko vkSjxq# vejnkl }kjk loZ/keZ&leHkko vkSjxq# vejnkl }kjk loZ/keZ&leHkko vkSjxq# vejnkl }kjk loZ/keZ&leHkko vkSjxq# vejnkl }kjk loZ/keZ&leHkko vkSj

xkgZLF; /keZ dk LohdkjxkgZLF; /keZ dk LohdkjxkgZLF; /keZ dk LohdkjxkgZLF; /keZ dk LohdkjxkgZLF; /keZ dk Lohdkj

xq# xq# xq# xq# xq# vejnkl flD[k /keZ ds xq%# ukudnso th ds ckn xq# vaxnnsoth ds ek/;e ls rhljs T;ksfr&iq#"k gSaA bUgksaaus loZ/keZleHkko] ekuorkoknhpsruk] izHkquke&Lej.k] lR;] vfgalk vkSj izse bR;kfn ekuooknh ewY;ksa ds ikBekuo ek= dks iknw¡ fd /keZ ls esjk D;k eryc gSA esjk eryc fgUnw /keZ ls ugha gS] ftls eSa cs'kdvkSj lc /keks± ls vf/kd ilUn djrk gw¡A esjk eryc ml ewy /keZ ls gS] tks fgUnw/keZ dks yk¡?k x;k gS] tks euq"; ds LoHkko rd dk ifjorZu dj nsrk gS] tks HkhrjhlR; ds lkFk gekjk vVwV lEcU/k tksM+rk gS vkSj tks gesa fujUrj vf/kd 'kq) vkSjifo= djrk jgrk gSSA og ekuo&LoHkko dk 'kk'or rÙo gS] tks viuh lEiw.kZvfHkO;fDr ds fy, dksbZ Hkh d+her pqdkus dks rS;kj jgrk gS vkSj vkRek dks mlle; rd fcydqy cspSu j[krk gS] tc rd mls vius Lo:i dk irk ugha yxtkrk] ltZugkj dk Kku ugha gks tkrk rFkk lz"Vk vkSj vius chp dk lPpklEcU/k le> esa ugha vk tkrkAß2

MkWñ jkeukjk;.k O;kl blh lUnHkZ esa fopkj djrs gq, dgrs gSa] ßxka/khth lHkh /keks± ds izfr le&Hkkole&Hkkole&Hkkole&Hkkole&Hkko j[krs FksA ̂loZ/keZ&leHkko* ^loZ/keZ&leHkko* ^loZ/keZ&leHkko* ^loZ/keZ&leHkko* ^loZ/keZ&leHkko* 'kCn dh mUgksausvR;Ur lkjxfHkZr O;k[;k dh gSA ;fn ge /keZ ds izfr leHkko j[ksaa] rks nwljs


/keZ ls gesa tks foosd xzká ekywe gksxk] mls vius /keZ esa LFkku nsrs gqq, gesa udsoy ladksp ugha gksxk] cfYd ,slk djuk gesa dÙkZO; ekywe gksxkA tks yksx vius/keZ dks nwljs /keks± ls vf/kd Js"B ekurs gSa] os ;g Hkwy tkrs gSa fd lHkh /keZekuo&dfYir gSa] blfy, muesa dqN =qfV;k¡ gksuk LokHkkfod gSA vius /keZ dksJs"B le>us okyk O;fDr nks izdkj dh x+yfr;k¡ dj ldrk gS( igyh ;g fdog vius /keZ dh dfe;ksa dks ut+jvankt+ dj Mkys vkSj nwljh ;g fd og vU;/keks± esa ikbZ tkus okyh vPNkb;ksa dks Hkh u ns[k ik,A /kkfeZd lfg".kqrk /kkfeZd lfg".kqrk /kkfeZd lfg".kqrk /kkfeZd lfg".kqrk /kkfeZd lfg".kqrk dhHkkouk xka/kh th dh n`f"V ls larks"kin ugha dgh tk ldrh( D;ksafd ̂lfg".kqrk*^lfg".kqrk*^lfg".kqrk*^lfg".kqrk*^lfg".kqrk*'kCn ;g crykrk gS fd ge nwljs /keks± dks vPNk u le>us ij Hkh mUgsa lgudj ysrs gSaa] tcfd gksuk ;g pkfg, fd ge lHkh /keks± dks leku :i ls egÙoiw.kZekusa] blfy, xka/kh th ̂loZ/keZ&leHkko*^loZ/keZ&leHkko*^loZ/keZ&leHkko*^loZ/keZ&leHkko*^loZ/keZ&leHkko* 'kCn dks ilan djrs gSAß3

tc ge xq# vejnkl th ds /keZ&fo"k;d fopkjksa dh ppkZ djrs gSa]rks gesa ̂vkfnxzUFk* esa O;Dr muds /keZ&fo"k;d fopkjksa esa xka/kh th ds iwoksZDrfopkjksa ls vk'p;Ztud lkE; feyrk gSA iatkch leha{kd MkWñ cychjflagMkWñ cychjflagMkWñ cychjflagMkWñ cychjflagMkWñ cychjflag^fny*^fny*^fny*^fny*^fny* us budh /kkfeZd ekU;rkvksa dk [+kqayklk djrs gq, vius ys[k ̂xq#^xq#^xq#^xq#^xq#vejnkl nh iatkch dfork uw¡ ns.kvejnkl nh iatkch dfork uw¡ ns.kvejnkl nh iatkch dfork uw¡ ns.kvejnkl nh iatkch dfork uw¡ ns.kvejnkl nh iatkch dfork uw¡ ns.k* esa tks futh er O;Dr fd;k gS] mldkfgUnh Hkk"kk esa vuqokn vkxs izLrqr fd;k tk jgk gS] os dgrs gSa] ßxq# vejnkllp dk izdk'k fdlh fo'ks"k /keZ dh cikSrh ;k efYd;r dgus ds LFkku ij nqfu;kHkj ds lHkh /keks± ds }kjk lEHko ekurs gSa] blhfy, tc os ix&ix ij nqfu;k dksr`".kk dh vfXu esa tyrs&Hkqurs gq, ns[krs gSa] rc izHkq ds njckj esa izkFkZuk djusds le; ;g ugha dgrs fd HkkbZ ! tks O;fDr xq# ukudnso th ds }kj ij vktk,] dsoy mlh dk m)kj gksA blds fcydqy foijhr os rks ;g dgrs gSa fdftl /keZ] ftl fdlh er ;k fl)kUr ds }kjk Hkh nq[kksa vkSj Hkw[k dh vkx esa >qyljgh nqfu;k cp ldrh gS] nqfu;k dks gj gkyr esa gesa cpkuk gh pkfg,A xq#nsodh izHkq ds nj ij ;gh izkFkZuk gS %&

txrq ty¡nk jf[k yS vki.kh fdjik /kkfjAtxrq ty¡nk jf[k yS vki.kh fdjik /kkfjAtxrq ty¡nk jf[k yS vki.kh fdjik /kkfjAtxrq ty¡nk jf[k yS vki.kh fdjik /kkfjAtxrq ty¡nk jf[k yS vki.kh fdjik /kkfjAftrq nqvkjS mcjS frrS ySgq mckfjAAftrq nqvkjS mcjS frrS ySgq mckfjAAftrq nqvkjS mcjS frrS ySgq mckfjAAftrq nqvkjS mcjS frrS ySgq mckfjAAftrq nqvkjS mcjS frrS ySgq mckfjAA4

fganh dfo efyd eqgEen tkefyd eqgEen tkefyd eqgEen tkefyd eqgEen tkefyd eqgEen tk;;;;;lh lh lh lh lh us Hkh viuh #fp dks egÙo nsrsgq, O;fDroknh psruk dk mUe"k bl iafDr esa js[kkafdr fd;k Fkk] ̂ftr tsrh^ftr tsrh^ftr tsrh^ftr tsrh^ftr tsrh#fp ftrS] frr rsrh #fp gks;A*fp ftrS] frr rsrh #fp gks;A*fp ftrS] frr rsrh #fp gks;A*fp ftrS] frr rsrh #fp gks;A*fp ftrS] frr rsrh #fp gks;A*&vFkkZr~ ßftl O;fDr dh #fp tgk¡ ijgksrh gS] mldh #fp lnSo ogha ij gqvk djrh gSAß

blls vkxs Hkh fo}ku~ leh{kd us ;g fopkj izdV fd;k gS fd] ßnwljs


/keks± dk bl izdkj dk lEeku vkSj fHkUu&fHkUu lEiznk;ksa ds vuq;kf;;ksa dks muds/keks± dh gh ;qfDr ds vuqlkj lR; :ih ijekRek ds vjnkl rd igq¡pus dk mins'kdjuk xq#vksa&lesr xqjefr&ekxZ ds lUr&dfo;ksa ds gh fgLls vk;k gSA5

;gh vkxs pydj fy[krs gSa fd] ßxq# vejnkl ds dkO;kuqHko dh ǹf"V ls;gk¡ ;g ladsr dj nsuk vko';d izrhr gksrk gS fd blls igys dfFkr fofHkUu /keks±vkSj lEiznk;ksa ds lEcU/k esa xq# vejnkl th dks futh vuqHko FkkA fuLlUnsg xq#&xíhij leklhu gksus ls igys gh os dbZ ckj gfj}kj vkfn izfl) fgUnw rhFkks± dh ;k=k djpqds Fks vkSj fofHkUu /keks± vkSj lEiznk;ksa ds vuq;kf;;kssa ds lkFk mudh vusd ckj HksaVHkh gks pqdh Fkh] ijUrq xq#&xíh ij cSBus ds mijkUr muds njckj esa vk, fnu vU;/keks± vkSj lEiznk;ksa ds izpkjd vkSj vuq;k;h mifLFkr gksrs jgrs FksA

xq# vejnkl }kjk jfpr rq[+kkjh jkx ds ̂pmins*^pmins*^pmins*^pmins*^pmins* esa xq# vejnkl ds }kjkyksxksa ds m)kj ds fy, dh xbZ dq#{ks=] ;equk th] gfj}kj vkfn rhFkks± dh ;k=k dkladsriw.kZ o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA ml ̂pmins*^pmins*^pmins*^pmins*^pmins* ds vuqlkj tc xq# vejnkl th iwoksZDrrhFkks± ij igq¡ps] rc muds n'kZuksa ds fy, vusd /keks± rFkk lEiznk;ksa ds iz/kku vkSjvuq;k;h vk, vkSj mUgksaus xq# th ds lkFk xksf"B;k¡ Hkh dh FkhaaAß6

okLro esa xq# th ds dky esa ykgkSj dh 'kkgjkg ij xksbanoky ukeduxj fLFkr FkkA ogk¡ xq# th ds n'kZu djus ds iz;kstu ls fofHkUu erksa dsvxzf.k;ksa ds vfrfjDr eqlYeku ihj&Q+d+hj vkSj bLyke /keZ ds izpkjd Hkh vkdjykHkkfUor gqvk djrs FksA xq# th dh izpkj djus okyh ̂eaft;kas* esa fgUnw vkSjflD[k /keZ esa izos'k djus ds bPNqd yksxksa ds lkFk vYykg ;kjvYykg ;kjvYykg ;kjvYykg ;kjvYykg ;kj tSls eqlYekuHkh FksA dgus dk vk'k; ;g gS fd xq# vejnkl ds nSoh O;fDrRo dk opZLo loZ=Nk;k gqvk FkkA bruh vf/kd yksdfiz;rk dk eq[; dkj.k ml xqjer n'kZu vkSj/keZ dk fo'oO;kid izHkko gh Fkk] tksfd flD[k /keZ ds vfrfjDr vU; lHkh /keks± dsyksxksa ds fy, ,d lkekU; vkd"kZ.k dk dsUnz cuk gqvk FkkA muds futh O;fDrRovkSj izHkko ds dkj.k gh mu fnuksa xksbanoky uxj flD[k /keZ ds izpkj dk lclscM+k dsUnz cu pqdk FkkA

2-2-2-2-2- xkgZLF; /keZ dk Lohdkj vkSj ?kj esa gh oSjkX;xkgZLF; /keZ dk Lohdkj vkSj ?kj esa gh oSjkX;xkgZLF; /keZ dk Lohdkj vkSj ?kj esa gh oSjkX;xkgZLF; /keZ dk Lohdkj vkSj ?kj esa gh oSjkX;xkgZLF; /keZ dk Lohdkj vkSj ?kj esa gh oSjkX;loZizFke xq# ukudnso th us ftu fl)ksa ds lkFk xks"Bh ¼xkslfV½ dh Fkh]]

os ckS)ksa ;k fHk{kqvksa ds gh :i FksA fl)ksa us Lo;a crk;k Fkk fd okLrfod ^̂̂̂̂oSjkX;oSjkX;oSjkX;oSjkX;oSjkX;***** dkvFkZ lalkj esa jgrs g, Hkjiwj thou thuk gqvk djrk gSA e/;;qxhu lUrksa us izk;%ckj&ckj tho ek= dks le>krs gq, bl lalkj dh miek dhpM+&lus ml ljksoj lsnh gS] ftlesa tho dks dey dh rjg ls jgrs gq, Hkh tho dks lnSo mlls fufyZIr


gh jguk pkfg,A Jh jkedFkk esa jktk tud jktk tud jktk tud jktk tud jktk tud dks jktdkt djrs gq, gh ;ksx&lk/kuk djus okyk ,d ek= jktk crk;k x;k gSA ;gh jkt;ksx gS] ftldh ̂̂̂̂̂lgtlgtlgtlgtlgtlk/kuklk/kuklk/kuklk/kuklk/kuk***** dks viukus dk lq>ko lHkh lUr vkSj dfo nsrs vk, gSaA os thoksa dks ek;kdh uhan esa lksus ls cjtrs jgs gSaA xqjck.kh esa xqjefr ds vuqlkj jktk tud dhHkk¡fr ̂jkt;ksx*^jkt;ksx*^jkt;ksx*^jkt;ksx*^jkt;ksx* viukus ij cy fn;k x;k gS&vFkkZr~ ,d euq"; dks ek;k :ihlalkj ds dhpM+ esa jgdj Hkh ljksoj ds dey ds leku mlls iw.kZr% fufyZIrgh jguk pkfg,A lUr dchj tSls lHkh e/;;qxhu lUrksa ds bl fopkj ls xq#jkenkl Hkh lger jgs gSaA

MkWñ rkjuflag MkWñ rkjuflag MkWñ rkjuflag MkWñ rkjuflag MkWñ rkjuflag th us vius iatkch ys[k ^xq# vejnkl th nk^xq# vejnkl th nk^xq# vejnkl th nk^xq# vejnkl th nk^xq# vejnkl th nkxqjefr Q+ylQ+k* xqjefr Q+ylQ+k* xqjefr Q+ylQ+k* xqjefr Q+ylQ+k* xqjefr Q+ylQ+k* esa ;s fopkj O;Dr fd, gSa %&ßJh xq# vejnkl th us ̂?kj^?kj^?kj^?kj^?kjgh ekfg mnklq*gh ekfg mnklq*gh ekfg mnklq*gh ekfg mnklq*gh ekfg mnklq* ;k ̂ fxzg gh ekfg mnklq*^fxzg gh ekfg mnklq*^fxzg gh ekfg mnklq*^fxzg gh ekfg mnklq*^fxzg gh ekfg mnklq* bl xqjefr dh igyh pwy jD[khA?kj esa gh jgdj] xq# dh lsok esa gh yhu jgrs gq, uke&HkfDr djus ls lcdqN dh izkfIr lEHko gks ldrh gSA Hksl cukdj] ?kj&ckj dk R;kx djds rhFkks±esa tkdj ?kweus ;k cuksa esa HkVdrs fQjus ls izHkq dh dHkh Hkh izkfIr ugha gksrh gSAß7

xq# vejnkl th us Hkh fljh jkx egyk 3 ds vUrxZr Li"V :i ls;s opu dgs gSsa %&

euq ds fxzg gh ekfg mnklqAeuq ds fxzg gh ekfg mnklqAeuq ds fxzg gh ekfg mnklqAeuq ds fxzg gh ekfg mnklqAeuq ds fxzg gh ekfg mnklqAlpq lateq dj.kh lks djs xqjeqf[k gksb ijxklqA1A jgkm Alpq lateq dj.kh lks djs xqjeqf[k gksb ijxklqA1A jgkm Alpq lateq dj.kh lks djs xqjeqf[k gksb ijxklqA1A jgkm Alpq lateq dj.kh lks djs xqjeqf[k gksb ijxklqA1A jgkm Alpq lateq dj.kh lks djs xqjeqf[k gksb ijxklqA1A jgkm A

xq# dS lcfn euq thfrvk xfr eqdfr ?kjS efg ikbAxq# dS lcfn euq thfrvk xfr eqdfr ?kjS efg ikbAxq# dS lcfn euq thfrvk xfr eqdfr ?kjS efg ikbAxq# dS lcfn euq thfrvk xfr eqdfr ?kjS efg ikbAxq# dS lcfn euq thfrvk xfr eqdfr ?kjS efg ikbAgfj dk ukeq f/kvkbvS lrl¡xfr esfy feykbA2Agfj dk ukeq f/kvkbvS lrl¡xfr esfy feykbA2Agfj dk ukeq f/kvkbvS lrl¡xfr esfy feykbA2Agfj dk ukeq f/kvkbvS lrl¡xfr esfy feykbA2Agfj dk ukeq f/kvkbvS lrl¡xfr esfy feykbA2A

ts y[k blrjhvka Hkksx djfg uo[k¡M jktq dekfgAts y[k blrjhvka Hkksx djfg uo[k¡M jktq dekfgAts y[k blrjhvka Hkksx djfg uo[k¡M jktq dekfgAts y[k blrjhvka Hkksx djfg uo[k¡M jktq dekfgAts y[k blrjhvka Hkksx djfg uo[k¡M jktq dekfgAfcuq lrxqj lq[kq u ikogh fQfj fQfj tksuh ikfgA3Afcuq lrxqj lq[kq u ikogh fQfj fQfj tksuh ikfgA3Afcuq lrxqj lq[kq u ikogh fQfj fQfj tksuh ikfgA3Afcuq lrxqj lq[kq u ikogh fQfj fQfj tksuh ikfgA3Afcuq lrxqj lq[kq u ikogh fQfj fQfj tksuh ikfgA3Agfj gk# d¡fB ftuh ifgfjvk xqj pj.kh fprq ykbAgfj gk# d¡fB ftuh ifgfjvk xqj pj.kh fprq ykbAgfj gk# d¡fB ftuh ifgfjvk xqj pj.kh fprq ykbAgfj gk# d¡fB ftuh ifgfjvk xqj pj.kh fprq ykbAgfj gk# d¡fB ftuh ifgfjvk xqj pj.kh fprq ykbAfruk fiN fjf/k flf/k fQjS muk fryq u rekbZAA 4Afruk fiN fjf/k flf/k fQjS muk fryq u rekbZAA 4Afruk fiN fjf/k flf/k fQjS muk fryq u rekbZAA 4Afruk fiN fjf/k flf/k fQjS muk fryq u rekbZAA 4Afruk fiN fjf/k flf/k fQjS muk fryq u rekbZAA 4A

t izHkq HkkoS lks FkhvS vo# u dj.kk tkbAt izHkq HkkoS lks FkhvS vo# u dj.kk tkbAt izHkq HkkoS lks FkhvS vo# u dj.kk tkbAt izHkq HkkoS lks FkhvS vo# u dj.kk tkbAt izHkq HkkoS lks FkhvS vo# u dj.kk tkbAtuq ukud thoS ukeq yS nsogq lgft lqHkkbZAA 5A2A35Atuq ukud thoS ukeq yS nsogq lgft lqHkkbZAA 5A2A35Atuq ukud thoS ukeq yS nsogq lgft lqHkkbZAA 5A2A35Atuq ukud thoS ukeq yS nsogq lgft lqHkkbZAA 5A2A35Atuq ukud thoS ukeq yS nsogq lgft lqHkkbZAA 5A2A35A88888

blds ckn MkWñ lkfgc gh tks Q+ekZrs gSa] mldk Hkko vkxs vuqfnr :iesa izLrqr gS] ßf'k{kk ;g gS fd laU;klh ugha cuuk] x`gLFk gh jguk gS] lHkhlkalkfjd dke&dkt djus gSa] ek¡xdj ugha [kkuk gek¡xdj ugha [kkuk gek¡xdj ugha [kkuk gek¡xdj ugha [kkuk gek¡xdj ugha [kkuk gS] nlksa u[kksa ls Je djukgS vkSj dekbZ djds [kkuk gSA lekt vkSj jktdkt ds leLr dkeksa esa izòÙk gksukgS] /ku dekuk gS vkSj mldk mi;ksx Hkh djuk gSA thou ds ;q) ;k la?k"kZ lsHkkxuk ugha gS] iyk;uoknh ugha gksuk gS] fu[kêw ugha gksuk] ijUrq lalkj vkSj ek;k


essa lafyIr ugha gksuk&^?kj nh ekfg mnklq* jguk gS] ek;k dk thou thrs gq, R;kxhgh jguk gS] lHkh izdkj ds Hkksx Hkksxrs gq, ;ksxh cudj gh jguk gS] ehjh gksrs gq,Hkh ihjh esa fopjuk gSA ;g djuk vR;Ur dfBu vo'; gS] ijUrq lEHko Hkh gSAJh xq# rsx+cgknqj lkfgc us bl jkt;ksx dk Lo:i fn[kk;k gSA¼iUuk 633½Aß9

bl mins'k esa tks ̂ek¡xdj ugha [kkuk gS* êk¡xdj ugha [kkuk gS* êk¡xdj ugha [kkuk gS* êk¡xdj ugha [kkuk gS* êk¡xdj ugha [kkuk gS* dk dFku gS] mlesa flD[ktkfr ds LokfHkekuh gksus dh vksj Li"V ladsr fd;k x;k gSA fgUnh ds ledkyhudgkuhdkj Jh Lo;a izdk'k us Hkh viuh dgkuh ds bl 'kh"kZd }kjk blh tkrh;LokfHkeku ds Hkko dk 'kkunkj js[kkadu fd;k gS&^D;k rqeus dHkh flD[k^D;k rqeus dHkh flD[k^D;k rqeus dHkh flD[k^D;k rqeus dHkh flD[k^D;k rqeus dHkh flD[kfHk[kkjh ns[kk gS \ßfHk[kkjh ns[kk gS \ßfHk[kkjh ns[kk gS \ßfHk[kkjh ns[kk gS \ßfHk[kkjh ns[kk gS \ß

xq# xksfcUnflag th us Hkh lnqins'k nsrs gq, thoksa dks ;ksa izcks/kk gS] ßnsgqf'kok cj eksfg bgS 'kqHk djeu'kqHk djeu'kqHk djeu'kqHk djeu'kqHk djeu rs dcgqa u VjkSaAß dfFkr 'kqHk deZ Hkh x`g esa jgdj gh lEiUu fd, tk ldrs gSaA xq# vejnkl th ds vuqlkj Hkh thoksa dksek;k/kkjh ;k iSls dk ihj ugha cuuk gS] D;ksafd muds thou dk vkn'kZ ek;k dse/; jgdj Hkh mlls mnkl ;k fufyZIr gh cus jguk gSA mls jkt esa gh ;ksxdekus dk egku~ vkn'kZ vius thou esa viukuk pkfg,A

MkWñ rkjuflag us gh vius iwoksZDr iatkch Hkk"kk ds ys[k esa vkxs Hkh tksfy[kk gS] mlesa ls ,d va'k dk fgUnh vuqokn bl izdkj gS] ßHkjiwj thouHkjiwj thouHkjiwj thouHkjiwj thouHkjiwj thou esavius dk;Z&O;ogkj] /keZ&deZ] vkSj dÙkZO;ksa dk fuokZg djuk gSA vius ifjokjvkSj lekt dh Hkjiwj lsok djuh gSA lkfFk;ksa esa iwjh #fp j[kuh gS] ijUrq lnSofuekZ.kkRed ¼mlk#½ nf̀"V okyk O;fDr cudj jguk gS] iz'kalk djuh gS] mRlkgnsuk gS] lgk;rk djuh gSAß

blls vkxs os bl fu"d"kZ dk Hkh izfriknu djrs gSa] ßxqjefr ;ghLohdkj ugha djrh gS fd ;g thou dksbZ ek;k&Nk;k vkSj Hkze&oge ek= gh gSAokLro esa ;g ,d dYiuk ek= ugha gS] thou rks ,d lR; gSA ;g Hkjiwjrk dslkFk thus ds ;ksX; gh gSA ;fn thou dksbZ ek;k&Nk;k gS] rc rks u rks dksbZ deZgS] u gh mldk dksbZ Qy gks ldrk gSA xqjefr ds vuqlkj thou rks ,d Bksl;FkkFkZ gSA bldk izR;sd deZ egkurk ls Hkjiwj gSA ;g dÙkZO;'khyrk ;kmÙkjnkf;Ro dk gh thou gSA ge vius izR;sd dk;Z ds fy, mÙkjnk;h gSaA gesathou dks ,d ifo= deZ tkudj bls thuk gSA blds ,d&,d iy&{k.k dksizHkq dh d̀ik ;k migkj tkudj bldk iwjk&iwjk ykHk mBkuk gSA ;g ,d cgqewY;volj gS] iqu%iqu% ;g gekjs gkFk ugha vkus okyk gSA vr% bldk ,d 'okl HkhO;FkZ ugha djuk gSA Hkjiwj thou dk vkn'kZ gS dke&/k¡/kk djuk] uke tiuk vkSj


fey&ck¡V dj [kkukA Hkjiwj thou ds fy, dj.kh; dÙkZO; izHkq dk uke&Lej.k]xq# dh lsok] lk/kqvksa dk lax&lkFk] tulsok] lR; O;ogkj bR;kfn gh gSaA Hkjiwjthou lgt dk gh thou gS] ftlesa dksbZ Hkh euksfodkj ;Fkk efnjkiku]vlR;&nwf"kr lR;] dke bR;kfn ps"Vk,¡ ugha gksrh gSaA Hkjiwj thou esa ik[k.Mugha gksrk gSA ljyrk dh f'k"Vrk gSA nwljh vksj] Hkjiwj thou ,d lQy vkSjdk;Z vkfn djus esa layXu x`gLFk dk gh thou gqvk djrk gSAß10

tgk¡ 'kadjkpk;Z dk v}Sroknh n'kZu ^czã lR;a txfUeF;k*^czã lR;a txfUeF;k*^czã lR;a txfUeF;k*^czã lR;a txfUeF;k*^czã lR;a txfUeF;k*vFkkZr~&^bZ'oj lR; gS vkSj tx feF;k vFkkZr~ vlR; ;k >wB gS* ds vkn'kZ ;kfl)kUr ij [kM+k gS] ogk¡ xqjck.kh* dk egku~ thou&n'kZu thou dks lR; ekuusij gh cy nsrk jgk gSA vktdy ds rFkkdfFkr izxfroknh yksx Hkh thou vkSjtxr~ dks lR; ekuus ds i{k esa gSa] ijUrq mudk vfrHkkSfrdrkoknh n`f"Vdks.kxqjefr esa Lohdkj ugha fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mlds LFkku ij vk/;kfRed ǹf"Vdks.k]izHkq ds Hktu&dhrZu] uke&Lej.k] ti&tki] /;ku vkfn /kkfeZd fØ;kvksa dslEiknu djus esa gh ifo= eu vkSj Hkko ls iwjh vkLFkk izdV dh tkrh gSA

,d f}osnhdkyhu fgUnh dfo ¼dnkfpr~ Jh/kj f=ikBh½ Jh/kj f=ikBh½ Jh/kj f=ikBh½ Jh/kj f=ikBh½ Jh/kj f=ikBh½ us gh viuhdfork ̂txr~ lPpkbZ&lkj*^txr~ lPpkbZ&lkj*^txr~ lPpkbZ&lkj*^txr~ lPpkbZ&lkj*^txr~ lPpkbZ&lkj* ds vUr esa ;g ?kks"k.kk dh Fkh fd] ßtxr gS lPpkßtxr gS lPpkßtxr gS lPpkßtxr gS lPpkßtxr gS lPpkrfud u dPpk le>ks cPpk bldk HksnAßrfud u dPpk le>ks cPpk bldk HksnAßrfud u dPpk le>ks cPpk bldk HksnAßrfud u dPpk le>ks cPpk bldk HksnAßrfud u dPpk le>ks cPpk bldk HksnAß ;g HkkSfrdrkoknh n`fa"V izxfroknhthou&n'kZu ds vuq:i Hkh gS vkSj xq# vejnkl lkfgc Hkh txr~ dks lR; ekuusds i{k esa gaSA {k.koknh n'kZu dh rjg xqjefr esa Hkh orZeku thou dks iwjh rjg lsHkksax ysus vkSj ryNV rd blds vkuUn dk vuqHko djus rd gh dsoyHkkSfrdrkokn dk Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA xqjck.kh ds vuqlkj xq# vejnkl th Hkhbl lalkj dks lPpk ekurs gSa vkSj blh ds leFkZu esa ;=r= vius fopkj O;Drdjrs gSa vkSj bldh ek;k lss ijs jgdj ljksoj ds dey dh rjg ls fufyZIr ;kfojDr jgrs gq, vius ?kj&ckj dk dk;Z vkfn djus dk lnqins'k nsrs gSaA3-3-3-3-3- dk;k dks gh ^gfjefUnj* ekuus dk ladYidk;k dks gh ^gfjefUnj* ekuus dk ladYidk;k dks gh ^gfjefUnj* ekuus dk ladYidk;k dks gh ^gfjefUnj* ekuus dk ladYidk;k dks gh ^gfjefUnj* ekuus dk ladYi

xq# vejnkl th us tc bl txr~ dks lR; Lohdkj dj fy;k gS] rc thodh bl u'oj dk;k dks Hkh Lohdkj fd;k gS vkSj mlds gh }kjk ti&ri] uke&Lej.k]lq[k&Hkksx djrs gq, izHkq dh HkfDr djus dh lEHkkouk trykbZ gSA jkx izHkkrh esamUgksaus ekuoh; dk;k dks gh ̂gfjeanj* ^gfjeanj* ^gfjeanj* ^gfjeanj* ^gfjeanj* ?kksf"kr djrs gq, ;s opu dgs gSa &

xqj ijlknh os[kq rw gfj ean# rsjs ukfyAxqj ijlknh os[kq rw gfj ean# rsjs ukfyAxqj ijlknh os[kq rw gfj ean# rsjs ukfyAxqj ijlknh os[kq rw gfj ean# rsjs ukfyAxqj ijlknh os[kq rw gfj ean# rsjs ukfyAgfj e¡n# lcnS [kksft, gfjukeS gfjukeks ysgq lekfyAgfj e¡n# lcnS [kksft, gfjukeS gfjukeks ysgq lekfyAgfj e¡n# lcnS [kksft, gfjukeS gfjukeks ysgq lekfyAgfj e¡n# lcnS [kksft, gfjukeS gfjukeks ysgq lekfyAgfj e¡n# lcnS [kksft, gfjukeS gfjukeks ysgq lekfyA

eu esjs lcfn jiS jaxq gksbAeu esjs lcfn jiS jaxq gksbAeu esjs lcfn jiS jaxq gksbAeu esjs lcfn jiS jaxq gksbAeu esjs lcfn jiS jaxq gksbAlph Hkxfr lpk gfje¡n# izxVh lkph lksbA1AjgkmAlph Hkxfr lpk gfje¡n# izxVh lkph lksbA1AjgkmAlph Hkxfr lpk gfje¡n# izxVh lkph lksbA1AjgkmAlph Hkxfr lpk gfje¡n# izxVh lkph lksbA1AjgkmAlph Hkxfr lpk gfje¡n# izxVh lkph lksbA1AjgkmAgfje¡n# ,dq ljh# gS fxvkfu jrfu ijxVq gksbAgfje¡n# ,dq ljh# gS fxvkfu jrfu ijxVq gksbAgfje¡n# ,dq ljh# gS fxvkfu jrfu ijxVq gksbAgfje¡n# ,dq ljh# gS fxvkfu jrfu ijxVq gksbAgfje¡n# ,dq ljh# gS fxvkfu jrfu ijxVq gksbA


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4-4-4-4-4- xq# vtqZunso th }kjk lEikfnr ^Jh xq#xzUFkxq# vtqZunso th }kjk lEikfnr ^Jh xq#xzUFkxq# vtqZunso th }kjk lEikfnr ^Jh xq#xzUFkxq# vtqZunso th }kjk lEikfnr ^Jh xq#xzUFkxq# vtqZunso th }kjk lEikfnr ^Jh xq#xzUFklkfgc* dk dk;Z vkSj egÙolkfgc* dk dk;Z vkSj egÙolkfgc* dk dk;Z vkSj egÙolkfgc* dk dk;Z vkSj egÙolkfgc* dk dk;Z vkSj egÙo

vkvkvkvkvkpk;Z f}osnh dk Hkh er gS fd flD[kksa ds lHkh xq#vksa esa vkfnxq#Jh ukudnso th ds ckn xq# xksfcUnflag th ds lkFk xq# vtqZunso th dk fo'ks"k;ksxnku jgk gSSA mUgksaus flD[kksa ds egku~ /keZxzUFk dks vius dky ds loZJs"Bfo}ku~ vkSj Kkuh HkkbZ xq#nkl th ls fy[kok dj ik¡p xq#vksa dh ok.kh ds ikBksadk fu/kkZj.k vkSj la'kks/ku djok dj vius bl xzUFk esa mUgsa ladfyr djus dkJelk/; dk;Z lEiUu fd;k vkSj djok;k FkkA bl ok.kh dk ijoÙkhZ lUrksa vkSj

HkDrksa dh ok.kh vkSj fopkj/kkjk ij iM+k gS] bl fo"k; esa nks er ugha gSaAbl ikB esa foosP; fucU/k esa fu:fir lHkh ckrksa ;k eqíksa dks dqNsd

'kh"kZdksa ds vUrxZr izLrqr fd;k tk jgk gS] rkfd Nk=ksa dks bl fucU/k dsv/;;u vkSj leh{k.k esa fo'ks"k ljyrk vkSj lqfo/kk dk vuqHko gks ldsA

1-1-1-1-1- orZeku dky eas xzUFk ds lEiknuorZeku dky eas xzUFk ds lEiknuorZeku dky eas xzUFk ds lEiknuorZeku dky eas xzUFk ds lEiknuorZeku dky eas xzUFk ds lEiknu&dk;Z dh oSKkfudrkdk;Z dh oSKkfudrkdk;Z dh oSKkfudrkdk;Z dh oSKkfudrkdk;Z dh oSKkfudrkfo}ku~ vkpk;Z f}osnh us orZeku dky esa eqnz.k&dyk ds fodkl vkSj

oSKkfud lk/kuksa dh miyC/krk ds QyLo:i mu lq[kn lqfo/kkvksa ds ckjs esa fy[kkgS] ftudh cnkSyr vkt fdlh izkphu xzUFk dk lEiknd fdlh Hkh gLrfyf[kr izfr;k ik.Mqfyfi ds ikB dk oSKkfud v/;;u vkSj vuq'khyu dj ldrk gSA

vkt og miyC/k lkjh lkexzh dks dkyØe ls ltkrs gq, ewy ys[kddh oa'k&ijEijk dks izLrqr djrs gq, ml xzUFk dh miyC/k izfr;ksa dk v/;;udjus ds ckn bl fu.kZ; dk Hkh izfriknu dj ldrk gS fd dkSu&lh izfr fdlnwljh izfr dh uD+y gSA gLrfyf[kr izfr esa feyus okyh x+yfr;k¡ vkSj NwVs gq,dqN va'kksa ls Hkh mls vfUre fu.kZ; djus esa fo'ks"k lgk;rk feyk djrh gSA blckr ls ;g vk'kadk dnkfi ugha djuh pkfg, fd izkphudky esa lEiknd blfo"k; esa fo'ks"k /;ku ugha j[kk djrs FksA mnkgj.kr% oSfnd fo}kuksa us fofHkUu osnksadk lfn;ksa igys gh 'kq) ikB dk fu.kZ; djds mls bl :i esa lqjf{kr dj fn;k


Fkk] fd xaxk esa bruk ikuh cg tkus ds ckn vkt rd osnksa esa ewy ikB esa v{kj;k ek= vkfn esa jap ek= vUrj ugha feyrk gSA

bruk gh ugha] osnksa esa vk, 'kCnksa ds mPpkj.k vkSj ikB vkfn ls tqM+hvusd ckrksa dh leqfpr O;oLFkk gt+kjksa o"kZ igys gh dj nh xbZ FkhA ;gh uhfrckS) lkfgR; vkSj mlds ckn tSu lkfgR; ds ikB&fu/kkZj.k ds le; Hkh cjrh xbZFkhA ;g ,d cgqr cM+h vkSj egÙoiw.kZ ckr gSA vr% ys[kd bl fu"d"kZ dkizfriknu djrk gS fd blh vk/kkj ij fu'p; ls ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd 'kq)vkSj rF;ijd ikB fu/kkZfjr djus dh ps"Vk;sa bl ns'k esa cgqr yEcs le; ls gksrhpyh vk jgh gSaA

2-2-2-2-2- yksdyksdyksdyksdyksd&lkfgR; ds ikBksa esa fopyu dk vodk'klkfgR; ds ikBksa esa fopyu dk vodk'klkfgR; ds ikBksa esa fopyu dk vodk'klkfgR; ds ikBksa esa fopyu dk vodk'klkfgR; ds ikBksa esa fopyu dk vodk'kfo}ku~ ys[kd vkpk;Z f}osnh us vkxs ;g er O;Dr fd;k gS fd pw¡fd

yksd&lkfgR; tulk/kkj.k ds eq[kksa ds lgkjs gh thfor jgk djrk gS] blhfy, mldsewy Lo:i dk tl&dk&rl cuk jguk vR;Ur dfBu dk;Z gqvk djrk gSA oSls Hkhturk fdlh dkO;] xhr] Hktu vkfn ds ikB esa FkksM+h&cgqr iafDr;ksa esa vUrj ;k Hksngksus dh vksj fo'ks"k /;ku ugha fn;k djrh gSA e/; ;qx ds egku~ lUrksa dh ok.kh dsckjs esa ;g ckr fo'ks"k :i ls ns[kh tk ldrh gSA tks fo}ku~ vkt mudh ok.kh dsewy ikB ds lEcU/k esa 'kks/k dj&djok jgs gSa] mUgsa bl ikB&fu/kkZj.k dh dfBukbZ dsckjs esa vPNh izdkj ls Kku gSA

blh lUnHkZ esa ;g ns[k dj cgqr foLe; gksrk gS fd yxHkx ikSus pkj lkSo"kZ igys xq# vtqZunso th us fdruh dq'kyrk vkSj izkekf.kdrk ds lkFk Jhxq#xzUFklkfgc tSls egku~ /keZxzUFk dk ,d izkekf.kd lEiknu&dk;Z iwjk fd;k FkkA blls igysnsook.kh laLd̀r ds ckn ikfy] izkd̀r tSlh Hkk"kkvksa esa ,sls gh iz;kl fd, tk pqds FksA;|fi ns'kh Hkk"kk esa lEikfnr fd, x, bl dk;Z ls igys ikB&lEiknu dh u rks dksbZijEijk Fkh vkSj u gh laxhr ds {ks= esa dksbZ cM+k 'kks/kiw.kZ vkSj izkekf.kd dk;Z gh lEiUufd;k x;k Fkk] rFkkfi bl dk;Z ds lEiknu dh izkekf.kdrk vkSj oSKkfudrk bldh'kq)rk dks ns[krs gq, vkt vn~Hkqr vkSj foLe;dkfj.kh gh dgh tk ldrh gSA

3-3-3-3-3- Jh xq# xzUFk lkfgc ds Lo:i dk ifjp;Jh xq# xzUFk lkfgc ds Lo:i dk ifjp;Jh xq# xzUFk lkfgc ds Lo:i dk ifjp;Jh xq# xzUFk lkfgc ds Lo:i dk ifjp;Jh xq# xzUFk lkfgc ds Lo:i dk ifjp;^ukud ok.kh* uked vius }kjk lEikfnr fd, gq, ,d xzUFk dh Hkwfedk esa

MkWñ t;jke feJ us ;g fopkj O;Dr fd;k gS] ßJh xq# xzUFk lkfgc 1450 ì"Bksa dkc̀gRdk; xzUFk gSA bldk ladyu flD[kksa ds ik¡posa xq# vtqZunso us lu~ 1604 bZLohesa fd;k FkkA xq# vtqZunso us izFke ik¡p xq#vksa dh ok.kh ds vfrfjDr cgqr&lsizHkko'kkyh HkDrksa dh okf.k;k¡ Hkh lax̀ghr dh gSaA gk¡] muds laxzg esa ,d ckr vo';


gS fd os okf.k;k¡ flD[k xq#vksa dh fopkj/kkjk ds vuq:i gSaA t;nso] ukenso] foykspu]ijekuUn] lnuk] csuh] jkekuUn] /kUuk] ihih] lsu] dchj] jcnkl ¼jfonkl] jSnkl½]ehjkckbZ] Qjhn] Hkh[ku] lwjnkl ¼enueksgu½ dh ;s okf.k;k¡ gSaAß

blds ckn HkDrksa ds lkFk&lkFk 1] 12] 15 ;k 17 Hkêksa dh okf.k;ksa dksHkh ladfyr djus dh ckr fo}ku~ MkWñ feJ us blh Hkwfedk eas dh gSA la[;k dsckjs esa ijLij erHksn VªEi] xksdqypUn] eksguflag] lkgcflag] 'ksjflag tSlsfo}kuksa dh 'kks/kksa vkSj erksa ds vk/kkj ij fn;k x;k gSA MkWñ feJ dk dFku gS fdßbuds vfrfjDr lqUnj dk *jkedyh ln*] ejnkuk dh ok.kh vkSj lpkoyoaM dhok.kh Jh xq# xazFk lkfgc esa lax`ghr gSaAß

blds ckn egyk 9 ds vUrxZr ukaSosa xq# rsxcgknqj lkfgc ds in vkxspy dj ik¡pksa xq#vksa dh ok.kh ds ckn j[ks x, gSaA

4-4-4-4-4- xzUFk ds lEiknu dh iz'kalkxzUFk ds lEiknu dh iz'kalkxzUFk ds lEiknu dh iz'kalkxzUFk ds lEiknu dh iz'kalkxzUFk ds lEiknu dh iz'kalkblls vkxs fucU/k esa bl xzUFk ds lEiknu esa lko/kkuh] /kS;Z] ifjJe vkSj

lw>&cw> vkfn dh iz'kalk djrs gq, feLVj fiudkWV dk ;g er fn;k x;k gSfd] ßbl egku~ xzUFk esa 3384 lcn vkSj 15575 cUn gSaA buesa Lo;a xq# vtqZunsods cUnksa dh la[;k 6204 gSA iwjs xzUFk esa dqy 32 jkxksa dks ik;k x;k gSA muesaHkh 19jkx rks dsoy vkfnxq# ukudnso ds }kjk gh iz;qDr fd, x, gSaA

5-5-5-5-5- vkfnxzUFk ds lEiknu dh dkykof/kvkfnxzUFk ds lEiknu dh dkykof/kvkfnxzUFk ds lEiknu dh dkykof/kvkfnxzUFk ds lEiknu dh dkykof/kvkfnxzUFk ds lEiknu dh dkykof/kfofHkUu fo}kuksa esa MkWñ /keZiky eSuh us viuh iqLrd ̂Jh xq# xzUFk lkfgc

% ,d ifjp;* esa ,d dgkuh nsrs gq, fy[kk gS fd n'ke xq# xksfoUnflag th dsfnoku HkkbZ xq#c[+'kflag fNCcj dh oa'k&ijEijk esa HkkbZ ds'kjflag us laor~ 1826foñ esa nlksa ikfr'kkgh dk ,d ̂oa'kkoyhukek* ̂oa'kkoyhukek* ̂oa'kkoyhukek* ̂oa'kkoyhukek* ̂oa'kkoyhukek* fy[kk Fkk] tksfd ve`rlj ds[kkylk dkWyst ds 'kks/k&foHkkx esa vkt rd gLrfyf[kr izfr ds :i esa lqjf{krgSA mlls bl rF; dk Kku gksrk gS fd HkkbZ xq#nkl ds lq;ksX; funsZ'ku esa laor~1646 ds vk"kk


gh rhu o"kks± ds ifjJe ls rS;kj fd;k x;k FkkA blds ladyu&dk;Z dk Js; HkkbZxq#nkl dks gh fn;k x;k gSA

6-6-6-6-6- iwoZoÙkhZ pkj xq#vksa dh okf.k;ksa ds ladyuiwoZoÙkhZ pkj xq#vksa dh okf.k;ksa ds ladyuiwoZoÙkhZ pkj xq#vksa dh okf.k;ksa ds ladyuiwoZoÙkhZ pkj xq#vksa dh okf.k;ksa ds ladyuiwoZoÙkhZ pkj xq#vksa dh okf.k;ksa ds ladyuxq# vtqZu nso th dh viuh ok.kh rks muds ikl Fkh gS] tksfd vkfn

xzUFk ds vk/ks ls vf/kd Hkkx esa O;kIr gSA blds vfrfjDr muds ikl vius lsigys gksus okys pkjksa xq# lkfgcku dh ok.kh Hkh 'kq) :i esa vo'; lqjf{kr FkhAlgalj jketh lgalj jketh lgalj jketh lgalj jketh lgalj jketh us Jh xq# vejnkl th dh ns[k&js[k esa igys rhu xq#vksa dhlHkh okf.k;ksa dks rhu [k.Mksa esa nks [kaMksa esa l¡tks ¼,d=½ dj j[kk gqvk FkkA bu[k.Mksa dks ckck eksguflag th dh iksfFk;k¡ dgk tkrk gSA bu iksfFk;ksa dks xq#vtqZunso us nss[kk FkkA blds vfrfjDr mUgksasus flagy}hi tkdj ,d egÙoiw.kZiksFkh ̂izk.klaxyh*îzk.klaxyh*îzk.klaxyh*îzk.klaxyh*îzk.klaxyh* ls Hkh lEiknu&dk;Z esa dqN lgk;rk yh FkhA ,slh gh lgk;rkmUgksaus vius le; esa miyC/k vU; lzksrksa ls Hkh izkIr dh FkhA

MkWñ rkjuflag dh 'kks/k ;g Hkh gS fd bl vkfnxzUFk eas dqy 17 lUrksadh ok.kh dk ladyu gqvk gSA ,d lUns'k Hkst dj xq# vtqZunso us vius le;ds egku~ lUrksa dks viuh&viuh okf.k;k¡ Hkstus dk vuqjks/k fd;k FkkA brus lHkhJeiw.kZ iz;Ruksa ds QyLo:i gh bl vkfnxzUFk esa ladfyr okf.k;k¡ mudsjpukdkjksa ds Jheq[kksa ls mPpkfjr vius 'kq) Lo:i esa gh lqjf{kr gSaA

7-7-7-7-7- 33 [k.Mksa esa okf.k;ksa dh jkxkuqlkj O;oLFkk33 [k.Mksa esa okf.k;ksa dh jkxkuqlkj O;oLFkk33 [k.Mksa esa okf.k;ksa dh jkxkuqlkj O;oLFkk33 [k.Mksa esa okf.k;ksa dh jkxkuqlkj O;oLFkk33 [k.Mksa esa okf.k;ksa dh jkxkuqlkj O;oLFkkMkWñ rkjuflag ds xzUFk ds vk/kkj ij ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd bl

lEikfnr xzUFk esa dqy okf.k;k¡ 33 [k.Mksa esa foHkkftr feyrh gSaA loZizFke [k.Mesa vkfnxq# ukudnso dh ok.kh gSA ;g [k.M vkxs nks Hkkxksa esa c¡Vk gqvk gSA,d Hkkx esa xq# th dk tiq gS vkSj 'ks"k Hkkx esa vU;= fc[kjh gqbZ mUgha dh okf.k;ksadks lax`ghr fd;k x;k gSA

vfUre rSarhlok¡ [k.M izdh.kZd vFkkZr~ fefJr gSA blesa lyksd vkSjHkkVksa ds loS;s gSaaA 'ks"k 31 [k.Mksa ds uke ckf.k;ksa esa iz;qDr jkxksa ds gh ukeksa dsvk/kkj ij feyrs gSa] ftudh lwph bl izdkj gS %&fljh] jkx ek>] xmM+h] vklk]xwtjh] nso xU/kkjh] fcgkxM+k] oMgalq] lksjfB] ?kukljh] tSrfljh] VksMh] cSjkMh]fryax] lwgh] fcykoyq] xkSaM jkedyh] uB&ujkbu] Hkkyh xmM+k] ek:] rq[kkjh]dsnkjk] HkSjo] clUr] lkjax] eykj] dkuM+k] dfyvku] izHkkrh vkSj tStSoUrhA bujkxksa esa dqN jkx rks 'kkL=h; Js.kh ds gSa vkSj 'ks"k dqN ns'kh; dgs tkrs gSaA

8-8-8-8-8- vkfn xzUFk ds ikB dk ewy Lo:i vkSj mls ̂xq#* dk invkfn xzUFk ds ikB dk ewy Lo:i vkSj mls ̂xq#* dk invkfn xzUFk ds ikB dk ewy Lo:i vkSj mls ̂xq#* dk invkfn xzUFk ds ikB dk ewy Lo:i vkSj mls ̂xq#* dk invkfn xzUFk ds ikB dk ewy Lo:i vkSj mls ̂xq#* dk iniape xq# vtqZZunso ds }kjk xq#vksa ds vfrfjDr vU; HkDrksa vkSj lUrksa


dh okf.k;ksa dk Hkh lekgkj bl /keZxzUFk esa djuk mudh mnkjân;rk vkSj nwjn'khZfoosd'khyrk dk gh lwpd dk;Z ekuk tk ldrk gSA fo}ku~ ys[kd bl /keZxzUFkdh okf.k;ksa ds 'kq) Lo:i dks ns[k dj g"kZ vkSj izlUurk ds lkFk ;g fVIi.khdjrk gS fd] ßfo'okl ds lkFk dgk tk ldrk gS fd e/; ;qx esa dk de&ls&de,d xzUFk ,slk gS] ftlds ikB esa lu~ 1604 bZñ ds ckn dksbZ jÙkh Hkj Hkh b/kj&m/kj ugha gqvk gSA ge fo'okl ds lkFk vusd egku~ HkDrksa dh ok.kh dk og :iT;ksa&dk&R;ksa ikrs gSa] tks de&ls&de ikSus pkj lkS o"kZ igys Bhd oSlk ghmiyC/k FkkAß &¼i`"B 55½

lu~ 1705 bZñ esa 10osa xq# xksfoUnflag us vius firk rsxcgknqj dhckf.k;ksa dks s s s s Jh nenek lkfgc esa fuokl ds le; vkfnxzUFk esa lfEefyr fd;kFkkA dgrs gSa fd ckck nhiflag th us vfUre :i esa lEikfnr bl /keZxzUFk dhvusd izfrfyfi;k¡ djokbZ FkhaA xq# xksfoUnflag us vius vdky pyk.ks ls igysblh lEiw.kZ Lo:i dks xq# dh xíh ij izfrf"Br djus dk foy{k.k dk;Z Hkh fd;kFkk vkSj rc ls vkxs xq# cukus dk Øe jksd fn;k x;k FkkA

9-9-9-9-9- ^xq#* th dk fpUe; Kku^xq#* th dk fpUe; Kku^xq#* th dk fpUe; Kku^xq#* th dk fpUe; Kku^xq#* th dk fpUe; Kku&iz/kku Lo:iiz/kku Lo:iiz/kku Lo:iiz/kku Lo:iiz/kku Lo:ivkt ds fo}ku~ tgk¡ vkfnxzUFk tSls xzUFkksa dh okf.k;ksa ds ewy ikBksa ds

fu/kkZj.k rd gh vius dks lhfer j[kk djrs gSa] ogk¡ n'ke xq# xksfoUnflag th egku~vk/;kfRed y{; ls ifjpkfyr vkSj izsfjr FksA os bl lalkj esa feêh ds iqrys ds :iesa leknj fd, vkSj ikus okys xq# ls c

vkykspuk hkh jpuk gskaviharshkumarharsh.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/... · ;g iqlrd dsunzh;...

Documents