vrngpsseminorslides-140411092828-phpapp01.pptx

7/23/2019 vrngpsseminorslides-140411092828-phpapp01.pptx

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GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM

Submited by,

VARUN B P 1DA10TE012

8T SEMESTER

De!t "# te$e%"mmu&i%'ti"&D() Ambed*'( I&+titute "# Te%&"$"-y

B'&-$"(e ./00./



OVERVIEW

WHAT IS GPS

EVOLUTION OF GPS

THREE SEGMENTS OF GPS

INFORMATION IN A GPS SIGNAL

HOW GPS WORKS

ERRORS IN GPS

DIFFERENTIAL GPS

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

APPLICATIONS

CONCLUSION

BIBILIOGRAPHY



WHAT IS GPS

The Global Posiio!i!" S#se$ %GPS& is a saellie'base( Na)i"a

s#se$ (e)elo*e( a!( o*e+ae( b# he US De*a+$e! o, De,e!se-

GPS is he sho+e!e( ,o+$ o, NAVSTAR GPS- This is a! a.+o!#$

NAVi"aio! S#se$ /ih Ti$e A!( Ra!"i!" Global Posiio!i!" S#se$-

GPS 0ses .o!sellaio! o, 12 saellies o (ee+$i!e he a..0+ae h+e

(i$e!sio!al *osiio! o, he 0se+ o! he ea+h-

GPS /as o+i"i!all# (esi"!e( ,o+ $ilia+# 0se a a!# i$e a!#/he+e o!

s0+,a.e o, he ea+h b0 soo! a,e+ *+o*osals i is $a(e a)ailable

.i)ilia! 0se+s also-



EVOLUTION OF GPS

The GPS *+o3e. /as *+o*ose( i! 4567 o o)e+.o$e he li$iaio!s ea+lie+ !a)i"aio! s#se$s-

Fi+s saellie /as la0!.he( i! 4568 b0 I be.a$e ,0ll# o*e+aio!al /la0!.hi!" o, 12h saellie i! 455:-

A()a!.es i! e.h!olo"# a!( !e/ (e$a!(s o! he e;isi!" s#se$ h!o/ le( o e<o+s o $o(e+!i=e he GPS s#se$ a!( i$*le$e! he"e!e+aio! o, GPS III saellies-

I! a((iio! o GPS o, US> ohe+ s#se$s a+e also i! 0se o+ 0!(e+(e)elo*$e!> li?e

RUSSIAN@s ' Global Na)i"aio! Saellie S#se$ %GLO

EUROPEAN@s ' Galileo *osiio!i!" s#se$

INDIA@s ' I!(ia! Re"io!al Na)i"aio!al Saellie S#

CHINA@s ' Co$*ass !a)i"aio! s#se$

b0 hese s se$s a+e s0<e+e( ,+o$ i!.o$ lee .o)e+a e o, he lob



Control Segment

Space Segment

User Segment

THREE SEGMENTS OF GPS THREE SEGMENTS OF GPS

M"&it"( St'ti"&+

G("u&d

A&te&&'+

M'+te( St'ti"&



S!'%e +e-me&t

GPS S'te$$ite %"&+te$$'ti"& %"m!"+ed "# 2 "!e('ti"&'$ +'te$$ite+ i& +!'%e)

Te+e 2 +'te$$ite+ '(e !$'%ed i& / %i(%u$'( "(bit+ "# !e(i"d eu'$ t" 12(+ '&d te+e

"(bit+ '(e eu'$$y +!'%ed it /0 de-(ee+ '!'(t '&d 't '& i&%$i&'ti"& '&-$e "# ..de-(ee+ t" eu't"(

3"&t("$ Se-me&t

Te %"&t("$ +e-me&t %"m!(i+e+ "# . -("u&d +t'ti"&+ $"%'ted "& eu't"()45m"&15m'+te( +t'ti"&6

M"&it"( +t'ti"&+ me'+u(e te di+t'&%e+ "# te "7e(e'd +'te$$ite+ e7e(y 1). +e%

'&d +e&d te %"((e%ted d't' t" M'+te( +t'ti"&) I& M'+te( +t'ti"& te +'te$$ite "(bit, %$"%* !e(#"(m'&%e '&d e'$t "# te +'te$$dete(mi&ed '&d dete(mi&e+ ete( (e!"+iti"&i&- i+ (eui(ed)

Ti+ i&#"(m'ti"& i+ +e&t b'%* t" te +'te$$ite+ u+i&- -("u&d '&te&&'+)

U+e( Se-me&t Te U+e( Se-me&t %"&+i+t+ "# '$$ e'(t5b'+ed GPS (e%ei7e(+) Te u+e( +e-me&t i+ t"t'$$y u+e( %"mmu&ity, b"t %i7i$i'& '&d

mi$it'(y)



INFORMATION IN A GPS SIGNAL

The GPS si"!al .o!ai!s $ai!l# /o #*es o, (aa> he# a+e

Ephemeris data

Almanac data

E*he$e+is (aa is .o!sa!l# +a!s$ie( b# ea.h saea!( .o!ai!s i$*o+a! i!,o+$aio! s0.h as sa0s o,

saellie %healh# o+ 0!healh#&> .0++e! (ae> a!( i$e*a+ o, he si"!al is esse!ial o (ee+$i!i!" a *osiio!

Al$a!a. (aa ells he GPS +e.ei)e+ /he+e ea.h GPS ssho0l( be a a!# i$e h+o0"ho0 he (a#- Ea.h saell+a!s$is al$a!a. (aa sho/i!" he o+bial i!,o+$aioha saellie)



How GPS Wors

Satellites!roadcast

" Precise time" Or!it data

" Satellitehealth

Recei#er meas$restime dela% &romsatellites' and !%trian($lationcalc$lates

" Location

" Ele#ation



HOW GPS WORKS%.o!i!0e&

The GPS 0ses e.h!i0e o, +ia!"0laio! o !( lo.aio!-

To +ia!"0lae> a GPS +e.ei)e+ $eas0+es (isa!.e ,+o$ hesaellie 0si!" he +a)el i$e o, +a(io si"!als-

To $eas0+e +a)el i$e> GPS !ee(s )e+# a..0+ae i$i!">/hi.h is *+o)i(e( b# ao$i. .lo.?s 0se( i! he saellies-

Alo!" /ih (isa!.e> /e !ee( o ?!o/ e;a.l# /he+e hesaellies a+e i! s*a.e- This i!,o+$aio! is obai!e( b# Al$a!a.

(aa +a!s$ie( b# saellies-

Fi!all# /e $0s .o++e. ,o+ a!# (ela#s he si"!al e;*e+ie!.esas i +a)els h+o0"h he a$os*he+e-

To .o$*0e a *osiio!s i! h+ee (i$e!sio!s- We !ee( o ha)e,o0+ saellie $eas0+e$e!s- The GPS 0ses a +i"o!o$e+i.a**+oa.h o .al.0lae he *osiio!s



The receiver is

somewhere on

this sphere.

Si-&'$ ("m O&e S'te$$ite

Si-&'$+ ("m T" S'te$$ite+

T(ee S'te$$ite+ 42D P"+iti"&i&-6 T(ee Dime&+i"&'$ 49D6 P"+iti"&i&-

TRIANGLATION



So0+.es o, Si"!al I!e+,e+e!.eSo0+.es o, Si"!al I!e+,e+e!.e

Earth’s Atmosphere

Solid Structures

Metal Electro-magnetic Fields

Se$e%ti7e '

Re%ei7e( e(("(+

%$"%*



ERRORS IS GPS

I"&"+!e(e: E$e%t(i%'$$y %'(-ed !'(ti%$e+ 805120 mi$e+ u!;'##e%t+ +!eed "# e$e%t("m'-&e<'m"u&t "# '##e%t de!e&d+ "& #(eue&%y <$""* 't di##e(e&%e+ i& L1 '&d L2

4&eed =du'$5#(eue&%y> (e%ei7e(+ t" %"((e%t6

T("!"+!e(i% 'te( 7'!"(: A##e%t+ '$$ #(eue&%ie+; di##i%u$t t" %"((e%t

Mu$ti!'t: Re#$e%ted +i-&'$+ #("m +u(#'%e+ &e'( (e%ei7e(P""( 7i+ibi$ity: Due t" t(ee+, m"u&t'i&+, bui$di&-+, et%))

N"i+e: 3"mbi&ed e##e%t "# PRN &"i+e '&d (e%ei7e( &"i+e

Bi'+: SV %$"%* e(("(+; e!eme(i+ e(("(+

B$u&de(+: um'& e(("( i& %"&t("$ +e-me&t; <))u+e( mi+t'*e+ 4e)-) i&%"((e%t -e"deti% d'tum6<m"(e "& ti+

i& ' mi&ute (e%ei7e( e(("(+Se$e%ti7e '7'i$'bi$ity: SA; e(("( i&t("du%ed by D"D)

Ge"met(i% Di$uti"& O# P(e%i+i"& 4GDOP6



T" "bt'i& m"(e '%%u('te me'+u(eme&t+

t'& ' +i&-$e GPS u&it, I& DGPS+y+tem+, Te GPS (e%ei7e( b("'d%'+t+

te +i-&'$ it (e%ei7e+ #("m ' *&"&!"+iti"&) Te GPS u&it i& te #ie$d

+imu$t'&e"u+$y (e%ei7e+ d't' #("m teGPS +'te$$ite+ '&d te "te( GPS

(e%ei7e( "& te -("u&d t("u- ' ('di"+i-&'$) Te GPS e(("( #("m te *&"&

!"+iti"& i+ %"m!'(ed t" t't "# te GPS(e%ei7e( i& te u&*&"& $"%'ti"&)

Di<e+e!ial GPS



ADVANTAGES

GPS is e;+e$el# eas# o !a)i"ae as i ells #o0 o he (i+e.io! ,o+ ea.h 0a?e o+ #o0 ha)e o a?e o +ea.h o #o0+ (esi!aio!-

GPS /o+?s i! all /eahe+ so #o0 !ee( !o o /o++# o, he .li$ae as i! ohe!a)i"ai!" s#se$s-

The GPS .oss #o0 )e+# lo/-

The $os a+a.i)e ,ea0+e o, his s#se$ is is4 .o)e+a"e o! he *la!e

I also hel*s #o0 o sea+.h he !ea+b# +esa0+a!s> hoels a!( "as saio!s a)e+# 0se,0l ,o+ a !e/ *la.e-

D0e o is lo/ .os> i is )e+# eas# o i!e"+ae i!o ohe+ e.h!olo"ies li?e .*ho!e-

The s#se$ is 0*(ae( +e"0la+l# b# he US "o)e+!$e! %as .o$*a+e( o oh!a)i"aio!s s#se$s b# ohe+ .o0!+ies e-"- GLONASS& a!( he!.e is )e+# a(

This is he bes !a)i"ai!" s#se$ i! /ae+ as i! la+"e+ /ae+ bo(ies /e a+e$isle( (0e o la.? o, *+o*e+ (i+e.io!s-

A..0+a.# .a! )a+# ,+o$ $illi$ee+s o se)e+al $ee+s (e*e!(i!" o! he e.

ha is 0se(-



DISADVANTAGES

GPS saellie si"!als a+e /ea?> so i (oes! /o+? as /ell i!(oo+s>0!(e+/ae+> 0!(e+ +ees> e.-

The hi"hes a..0+a.# +e0i+es li!e'o,'si"h ,+o$ he +e.ei)e+ o hesaellie> his is /h# GPS (oes! /o+? )e+# /ell i! a! 0+ba!

e!)i+o!$e!

The US DoD %(e*- o, (e,e!.e& .a!> a a!# i$e> (e!# 0se+s 0se o,

he s#se$ %i-e- he# (e"+a(esh0 (o/! he saellies& I, #o0 a+e 0si!" GPS o! a bae+# o*e+ae( (e)i.e> he+e $a# be a

bae+# ,ail0+e a!( #o0 $a# !ee( a e;e+!al *o/e+ s0**l# /hi.h is!o al/a#s *ossible-

So$ei$es he GPS si"!als a+e !o a..0+ae (0e o so$e obsa.leso he si"!als



APPLICATIONS

L"%'ti"&

M'!!i&-

T('%*i&-

N'7i-'ti"&

M'(i&e

Timi&-+

+y&%("&i?i&-

Se'(% '&dRe+%ue

Ai('y+ '&dmi$it'(y



CONCLUSION

GPS is a network of satellites that continuously transmit coded information, which

makes it possible to precisely identify locations on earth by measuring distance from

the satellites.

GPS alho0"h /as (e)elo*e( ,o+ $ilia+# *0+*oses> b0 he !0$be+ o,.i)ilia! 0se+s o, GPS al+ea(# /ell ,a+ e;.ee(s ha! !0$be+ o,

*oe!ial $ilia+# -

As discussed in previous topic, its application field is vast and new applications will

continue to be created as the technology evolves.



BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://www.gpsinformation.net

http://www.AllGPS.com

http://garmin.com

http://colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/gps

http://trimble.com

http://www.slideshare.net/gps

Boos!

"e#$ages!

Outd""( N'7i-'ti"& it GPS by Stephen W. Hinch Te GPS '&db""* by Robert . !gbert S'te$$ite 3"mmu&i%'ti"& by ".Prattand#.W.$ostain%

&ohn Wiley and Sons.

http://www.amazon.com/Outdoor-Navigation-GPS-Stephen-Hinch/dp/0966199936/ref=cm_lmf_tit_3/177-0443411-4060511


http://www.amazon.com/The-GPS-Handbook-Robert-Egbert/dp/1580801102/ref=cm_lmf_tit_5/177-0443411-4060511

http://www.amazon.com/The-GPS-Handbook-Robert-Egbert/dp/1580801102/ref=cm_lmf_tit_5/177-0443411-4060511







e'($y +"$uti"&+:@ m'(*i&- t('i$+ it !i$e+ "# +t"&e+

4!("b$em+ e& +&" #'$$+<"( "& "%e'&6

@ &'7i-'ti&- by +t'(+4(eui(e+ %$e'( &i-t+ '&d %'(e#u$ me'+u(eme&t+6

most widely used for centuries

<$"%'ti"& iti& ' mi$e "( +"• &'7i-'ti&- by %"m!'++ <<)+"me e(("(+ due t" %'&-e i& e'(t m'-&eti% #ie$d+

m"de(& ide'+:

@ RADIO: ('di"5b'+ed; -""d #"( %"'+t'$ 'te(+<$imited "ut+ide "# %"'+t'$ '(e'+

@ S't5N'7: $" "(bit +'te$$ite+; u+e $" #(eue&%y D"!!$e(<!("b$em+ it +m'$$ m"7eme&t+ "# (e%ei7e(+

Ea+l# !a)i"aio! s#se$s:

3$i%* e(e t" e7"$uti"& "# GPS

3"&t("$ Se-me&t3"&t("$ Se-me&t



%wa&alein Atoll

US Space Command

3"&t("$ Se-me&t3"&t("$ Se-me&t

'awaii

Ascension (s.)iego *arcia

Cape Canaveral

G("u&d A&te&&'M'+te( 3"&t("$ St'ti"& M"&it"( St'ti"&3$i%* e(e t" +e-me&t+ "# GPS

P"+iti"& i+ B'+ed "& TimeP"+iti"& i+ B'+ed "& Time



P"+iti"& i+ B'+ed "& TimeP"+iti"& i+ B'+ed "& Time

T + ,

Then distance #etweensatellite and receiver ,

times the speed o/ light0

T

1adio waves travel at the speed

o/ light. (/ *$S signal leaves

satellite at time T02

2and is piced up #3 thereceiver at time T + ,.0



Te GPS (e%ei7e( '&d +'te$$ite -e&e('te te +'me !+eud"5('&d"m %"de 't

e'%t$y te +'me time) e& te %"de '((i7e+ #("m te +'te$$ite, te timedi##e(e&%e i+ %"m!'(ed t" te +'me %"de -e&e('ted by te (e%ei7e() Ti+

di##e(e&%e i+ mu$ti!$ied by te +!eed "# $i-t 418/,000 mi$e+ !e( +e%"&d6 t"dete(mi&e te di+t'&%e t" te +'te$$ite

PSEUDO5RANDOM NOISE

3$i%* e(e t" " GPS "(*+



SELECTIVE AVAILABILITY

Se$e%ti7e A7'i$'bi$ity 4SA6 '+ '& i&te&ti"&'$ de-('d'ti"& "# !ub$i%GPS +i-&'$+ im!$eme&ted #"( &'ti"&'$ +e%u(ity (e'+"&+)

SCA '+ de+i-&ed t" !(e7e&t Ame(i%'+ e&emie+ #("m u+i&- GPS

'-'i&+t u+ '&d "u( '$$ie+)

SA e(("(+ '(e '%tu'$$y !+eud"('&d"m, -e&e('ted by ' %(y!t"-('!i%

'$-"(itm it de%(y!ti"& *ey '7'i$'b$e "&$y t" 'ut"(i?ed u+e(+ it

' +!e%i'$ mi$it'(y GPS (e%ei7e() I& M'y 2000 te Pe&t'-"& (edu%ed SCA t" ?e(" mete(+ e(("()

SCA %"u$d be (e'%ti7'ted 't '&y time by te Pe&t'-"&

3$i%* e(e t" E(("(+ i& GPS



GDOP

Ge"met(i% Di$uti"& "# P(e%i+i"& 4GDOP6) e&

te +'te$$ite+ '(e %$"+e t"-ete(, te "7e($'!

betee& te e+tim'ted di+t'&%e+ i+ $'(-e( t'&e& te +'te$$ite+ '(e #'( '!'(t) M"(e '%%u('teGPS me'+u(eme&t+ '(e !"++ib$e e& te

'7'i$'b$e +'te$$ite+ '(e #u(te( '!'(t)

3$i%* e(e t" E(("(+ i& GPS

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