weixing ding ( 丁卫星) in collaboration with
DESCRIPTION
Flow generation driven by magnetic perturbations in a toroidal plasma Intrinsic Flow from Magnetic-Fluctuation-Driven Kinetic Stress in a Magnetically-Confined Toroal Plasma. Weixing Ding ( 丁卫星) in collaboration with D. Brower, L. Lin, W.F. Bergerson, A. Almagri, B. Chapman, G. Fiksel, - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Flow generation driven by magnetic perturbations in a toroidal plasmaIntrinsic Flow from
Magnetic-Fluctuation-Driven Kinetic Stress in a Magnetically-Confined Toroal Plasma
Weixing Ding (丁卫星)
in collaboration with
D. Brower, L. Lin, W.F. Bergerson, A. Almagri, B. Chapman, G. Fiksel, D.J. Den Hartog, J.S. Sarff and the MST Group
Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Sixth US-PRC Workshop, San Diego, CA
MST Reversed-Field Pinch (RFP) is toroidal configuration with relatively weak toroidal magnetic field BT ( i.e., BT ~ Bp)
Madison Symmetric Torus - MST
For plasma w/o current profile control
R0 = 1.5 m, a = 0.51 m, Ip ~400 kA
ne ~ 1019 m-3 ,Te~Ti~400eV€
β≥6%
Intrinsic Flow: self-generated during plasma discharge in the core
604020
0
3025201510Time [ms]
(d) Flow [km/s]
400
200
0
Edge mode [G] (c)
20
10
0
Core mode [G] (b)
400200
0806040200
time [ms]
(a)
b: (m,n)=(1,6)
Ohmic discharge
b: (m,n)=(0,1)
Ip
Parallel Flow Spatial Profile on MST
-40
-20
0
20
40
V//
[km/s]
1.00.80.60.40.20.0r/a
Parallel Flow Profile
€
V// =
r V •
r B
B
parallel flow reverses direction at r/a~0.5r/a~0.6
(Flow profile is obtained by Rutherford scattering, mode velocity and edge probe )
Magnetic fluctuations play important role in RFP Plasmas
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
-0.10
-0.20
q
0.50.40.30.20.10.0
ρ ( )m
t=-0.25 ms
1/6 1/7 1/8
1/9
(0,1)
€
q =r
R
BT
BP
Te ~ Ti ~ 400 eV
dominant, core resonant modes m=1, n=6,7,8,9,…
m/n
r (m)
Tearing modes and broadband magnetic turbulence- island overlap leads to stochastic field
80
60
40
20
0
P(f) [Gs
2
/kHz]
806040200f [kHz]
standard 400ka ppcd 400ka
magnetic turbulence
Tearing Modes
noise
€
br∫ dl
Multiple Fluctuation-Induced Effects on Flow
Parallel momentum components
Reynolds stress
Maxwell Stress
Momentum Change
Kinetic stress
€
ρ∂∂t
< V// >=<δJ × δB >// −ρ < δr
V • ∇δr
V >// −∇ •< δp//δbr >
B0
r e r + μ∇2 r
V
damping
Without External Momentum Sources, fluctuation-induced torques play most important role in flow generation and flow damping.
Kinetic stress (动力胁强)
Momentum flux in radial direction due to particles free streaming along fluctuating magnetic field lines:
€
p// = p0 // +δp//
r b =
r B
B=
r b 0 +δ
r b
€
r b =
r B
B
€
p// = T//δn + noδT//
€
Π=T//< δnδbr >
B+ n
< δT//δbr >
B= Πn + ΠT
€
Π=<p//r b •
r e r >
€
Π=<p//δbr >
B
Multi-measurements enable us to determine the kinetic stress
Laser (differential) interferometer ( )
€
T//i Rutherford Scattering (bulk deuterium ions), CHERS (impurity)
Thomson scattering€
br(r) Laser Faraday rotation
€
n δn
€
∇ne
Motional Stark effect
€
B0
€
ρ∂∂t
< V// > ⇔ −∇ • Πnv e r = −∇ • T//
< δnδbr >
B0
⎡
⎣ ⎢
⎤
⎦ ⎥v e r
€
T//e
Investigate balance between kinetic stress and inertial term - simple momentum balance
FIR Laser Polarimeter-Interferometer System
MST
11 chords, x ~ 8 cm, phase ~ 0.05 deg. degree, time response ~ 1 s
€
φ ~ ndl∫ + δndl∫
Ψ ~ nr B • d
r l + nδ
r b • d
r l + δn
r B • d
r l ∫∫∫
Interferometer density fluctuations
Faraday rotation magnetic field
fluctuations
Ding, Brower, et al., PRL(2003),(2004),(2009), RSI(2004),(2008)
32+8 magnetic coils toroidal-poloidal array (m,n)+
2-D Space-Time Image of Fluctuationsusing combined interferometry and Faraday polarimetry
€
φ∝ n dl∫
€
ψ ∝ nr B o • d
r l ∫ + no δ
r b • d
r l ∫
2R
€
−∇• Πn =
−∇ • T//i< δnδbr >
B0
⎡
⎣ ⎢
⎤
⎦ ⎥
(1.6) mode density and magnetic fluctuation spatial profile
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.01.00.50.0
[ / ]r a
60
40
20
0
40
20
0
-20
1.00.50.0[ / ]r a
brbp
1.0x10-1
0.5
0.00.40.0-0.4
[m]
Exp fit
1.0
0.5
0.00.40.20.0-0.2-0.4
[ ]m
Exp fit
Faraday fluctuations Inversion: parameterized fitting
Density fluctuations
€
ψ
Kinetic Stress Profile (away from sawtooth crash)
kinetic stress has same sign, spatial distribution as flow profile, independent of flow.
€
−∇• Πn =
−∇ • T//i< δnδbr >
B0
⎡
⎣ ⎢
⎤
⎦ ⎥
(m,n)=1,6-15€
ρV// /Δt ≈ −0.20 N/m3
r/a=0.2
Measurements of Intrinsic Flow and Kinetic Stress during Enhanced Confinement (PPCD)
Intrinsic flow and Kinetic stress track changes in fluctuation amplitudes
Intrinsic Flow
Kinetic stress
-0.2-0.10.00.10.2
1.00.80.60.40.20.0r/a
(c)
40302010
025201510
(a)
8
6
4
2
025201510
[ms]
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(b)
Flow correlates with density and magnetic fluctuations
t=15-20 ms
€
−∇• Πn = −∇ • T//i< δnδbr >
B0
⎡
⎣ ⎢
⎤
⎦ ⎥
During PPCD, RFP has tokamak-like confinement
PPCD
€
τm ≈ 20 ms
€
n
Advanced Faraday Rotation System on C-Mod
By Irby, Peng. Bergenson, Brower,Ding et al
Resistive Ballooning
Tearing
Time [s]
€
˜ ψ
Faraday Rotation Fluctuations are measured on C-Mod, providing new opportunity to study flow in Tokamaks
Time (sec)
Radial Magnetic Fluctuations on EAST and HL-2A
Both EAST and HL-2A in China have developed Faraday rotation measurements with radial access, which allows direct measurement of radial magnetic fluctuations.
€
ψ = nr B 0 • d
r r ∫ + no δbrdr∫
To investigate the role of fast particle modes on plasma rotation.
Summary
• Kinetic stress, the correlated product between density fluctuations and magnetic fluctuations, acts to drive plasma flow
• Kinetic stress is consistent with observed flow generation - spatial distribution, direction and amplitude of force
• In PPCD plasmas with good (tokamak-like) confinement,
(1) core flow is reduced and momentum confinement increases when density and magnetic fluctuations are suppressed
(2) flow dynamics likely governed by additional effects (es turbulence) in addition to magnetic fluctuation driven kinetic stress .