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Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g1
Wha
t is
a di
gita
l im
age?
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g2
!W
hat i
s an
imag
e?
�Pi
ctur
e, P
hoto
grap
h �
Visu
al d
ata
�
Usu
ally
two-
or th
ree-
dim
ensi
onal
!
Wha
t is
a di
gita
l im
age?
�
An i
mag
e w
hich
is
�dis
cret
ized
,�i.e
., d
efin
ed o
n a
di
scre
te g
rid (e
x. s
cann
er)
�Tw
o-di
men
sion
al c
olle
ctio
n o
f lig
ht i
nten
sity
val
ues
(o
r gr
ay v
alue
s)
�M
atrix
, tw
o-di
men
sion
al fu
nctio
n
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g3
!W
hat i
s di
gita
l im
age
proc
essi
ng?
�D
igita
l im
age
pro
cess
ing
dea
ls w
ith t
he
man
ipul
atio
n a
nd a
naly
sis
of p
ictu
res
by a
co
mpu
ter.
�
Impr
ove
pic
toria
l in
form
atio
n fo
r be
tter
clar
ity
(hum
an in
terp
reta
tion)
. �
Aut
omat
ic m
achi
ne p
roce
ssin
g of
sce
ne d
ata
(inte
rpre
tatio
n by
a m
achi
ne/n
on-h
uman
, st
orag
e, tr
ansm
issi
on).
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g4
Imag
e A
cqui
sitio
n
Dis
cret
izat
ion/
Dig
itiza
tion
Qua
ntiz
atio
n C
ompr
essi
on
Imag
e en
hanc
emen
t an
d re
stor
atio
n
Imag
e S
egm
enta
tion Fe
atur
e Se
lect
ion Im
age
Rep
rese
ntat
ion
Imag
e In
terp
reta
tion
Par
titio
n im
age
into
obj
ects
or
con
stitu
ent p
arts
Extra
ctin
g pe
rtine
nt fe
atur
es (o
r de
scrip
tors
) fro
m a
n im
age
that
ar
e im
porta
nt fo
r diff
eren
tiatin
g on
e cl
ass
of o
bjec
ts fr
om
anot
her
Ass
igni
ng la
bels
to a
n ob
ject
bas
ed
on in
form
atio
n pr
ovid
ed b
y de
scrip
tors
Ass
igni
ng m
eani
ng to
an
ense
mbl
e of
reco
gniz
ed o
bjec
ts
Cap
turin
g vi
sual
dat
a by
an
imag
ing
sens
or
Con
vert
data
into
dis
cret
e fo
rm
Com
pres
s fo
r effi
cien
t st
orag
e/tra
nsm
issi
on
Impr
ovin
g im
age
qual
ity
(low
con
trast
, blu
r, no
ise)
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g5
!Le
vel
0: I
mag
e re
pres
enta
tion
(acq
uisi
tion,
sa
mpl
ing,
qua
ntiz
atio
n, c
ompr
essi
on)
!Le
vel
1: I
mag
e-to
-imag
e tr
ansf
orm
atio
ns
(enh
ance
men
t, re
stor
atio
n, s
egm
enta
tion)
!
Leve
l 2:
Imag
e-to
-par
amet
er t
rans
form
atio
n
(feat
ure
sele
ctio
n)
!Le
vel
3:P
aram
eter
-to-d
ecis
ion
tran
sfor
mat
ion
(r
ecog
nitio
n an
d in
terp
reta
tion)
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g6
!Im
age
Proc
essi
ng:
Leve
ls 0
and
1
!Im
age
Ana
lysi
s:Le
vels
1 a
nd 2
!
Com
pute
r/Rob
ot V
isio
n:Le
vels
2 a
nd 3
!
Com
pute
r Gra
phic
s/A
nim
atio
n ?
�Th
is m
ainl
y in
volv
es �c
reat
ing
imag
es�o
r �vi
sual
ef
fect
s�fro
m a
giv
en d
escr
iptio
n.
!Im
age
pro
cess
ing
and
ana
lysi
s is
mai
nly
co
ncer
ned
with
�int
erpr
etin
g�a
give
n im
age.
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g7
Eng
inee
ring
---C
ircui
t boa
rd
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
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Med
icin
e ---
MR
Sca
n
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g9
Pho
togr
aphy
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g10
Ast
rono
my
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g11
!G
amm
a-ra
y im
agin
g is
use
d in
man
y
appl
icat
ions
lik
e nu
clea
r med
icin
e an
d as
tron
omy.
!
Posi
tron
em
issi
on to
mog
raph
y (P
ET im
agin
g) is
co
mm
only
use
d in
med
ical
dia
gnos
tic im
agin
g.
!R
adio
activ
e is
otop
e a
dmin
iste
red
to p
atie
nt,
whi
ch e
mits
pos
itron
s.
!Po
sitr
on a
nd e
lect
ron
mee
t an
d a
nnih
ilate
, gi
ving
out
gam
ma-
rays
, whi
ch a
re d
etec
ted
by
sens
ors.
!
Prom
inen
t br
ight
spo
ts i
ndic
ate
whi
te m
asse
s co
rres
pond
ing
to tu
mor
s in
lung
and
bra
in.
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g12
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g13
!X
-ray
imag
ing
is u
sed
in a
num
ber
of a
reas
lik
e m
edic
al d
iagn
ostic
s, a
stro
nom
y, a
nd in
dust
rial
appl
icat
ions
. !
X-ra
ys g
ener
ated
by
a X
-ray
tube
(va
cuum
tu
be)
pass
thro
ugh
the
obje
ct t
o be
im
aged
and
is
the
n ca
ptur
ed b
y a
sens
or.
!If
an
X-ra
y fi
lm i
s u
sed
as
the
sen
sor,
it i
s
typi
cally
dig
itize
d to
get
a d
igita
l im
age.
!
Alte
rnat
ivel
y, t
he X
-ray
s a
re c
aptu
red
by
de
vice
s th
at c
onve
rt it
int
o li
ght
ener
gy w
hich
is
th
en s
ent
to a
lig
htse
nsiti
vedi
gitiz
ing
syst
em.
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g14
!A
cat
hete
r is
inse
rted
in a
bl
ood
vess
el to
be
stud
ied.
!
X-r
ay c
ontra
st m
ediu
m
is i
njec
ted
thro
ugh
the
ca
thet
er t
o en
hanc
e th
e co
ntra
st o
f the
blo
od
vess
els.
A
ortic
ang
iogr
am
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g15
Circ
uit B
oard
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
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ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g16
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g17
Min
eral
map
ping
2.
08-2
.35
Mid
dle
infra
red
7
Soi
l moi
stur
e; th
erm
al m
appi
ng
10.4
-12.
5 Th
erm
al in
frare
d 6
Moi
stur
e co
nten
t of s
oil a
nd
vege
tatio
n 1.
55-1
.75
Mid
dle
infra
red
5
Biom
ass
and
shor
elin
e m
appi
ng
0.76
-0.9
0N
ear i
nfra
red
4
Veg
etat
ion
Dis
crim
inat
ion
0.63
-0.6
9 V
isib
le R
ed3
Goo
d fo
r mea
surin
g pl
ant v
igor
0.
52-0
.60
Vis
ible
Gre
en2
Max
imum
wat
er p
enet
ratio
n0.
45-0
.52
Vis
ible
Blu
e1
Cha
ract
eris
tic a
nd U
se
Wav
elen
gth
(mm
) N
ame
Ban
d no
.
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g18
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g19
Duo
ng A
nh D
uc -
Dig
ital I
mag
e P
roce
ssin
g20
!B
iolo
gica
l Sci
ence
s !
Met
eoro
logy
/Sat
ellit
e Im
agin
g !
Mat
eria
l Sci
ence
s !
Med
icin
e !
Indu
stria
l ins
pect
ion/
Qua
lity
Con
trol
!G
eolo
gy
!A
stro
nom
y !
Mili
tary
!
Phy
sics
/Che
mis
try
!P
hoto
grap
hy