wind and stability observations in the húsavík area...report 03039 wind and stability observations...

Report03039

Wind and Stability Observations in the Húsavík AreaSeptember 2002 - September 2003

Report prepared for Fjárfestingarstofan - orkusvið

VÍ-TA04ReykjavíkNovember 2003

Flosi Hrafn SigurðssonHreinn HjartarsonTorfi Karl AntonssonÞórður Arason

Wind and Stability Observations in the Húsavík Area, September 2002 - September 2003

Contents Page 1. Introduction ......................................................................................... 5 2. Observation Sites and Instrumentation ............................................... 5 3. Wind Observations in the Húsavík Area .......................................... 10 3.1 Frequency of Wind Directions ................................................ 10 3.2 Wind Velocity ........................................................................... 16 4. Air Temperature Observations in the Húsavík Area ........................ 21 5. Stability Observations in the Húsavík Area ..................................... 22 6. Earlier Wind Observations at Héðinshöfði ....................................... 22 7. Remarks ............................................................................................ 22 8. Stutt yfirlit á íslensku (Brief summary in Icelandic) ........................ 22 9. References ......................................................................................... 23 Annexes 1-34 ........................................................................................ 25

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1. Introduction In accordance with a contract between the Invest in Iceland Agency - Energy Marketing and the Icelandic Meteorological Office three automatic weather stations were established in the Húsavík area on 13 September 2002. The stations were to be operated to the end of September 2003. The purpose was to provide meteorological data for dispersion calculations for a possible industrial plant in the Húsavík area. Stations for observing wind direction, wind velocity and temperature were to be located at Bakkahöfði north of Húsvík and at Gvendarbás south of Húsavík. The third station should only measure temperature at Skjólbrekka, a ridge extending northwest from Húsavíkurfjall, approx. 195 meter height above mean sea level. The Icelandic Meteorological Office also operates an automatic weather station on the outskirts of Húsavík town. Data from all the above mentioned stations are reported in the present report. It should be mentioned that wind observations from the farm Héðinshöfði, approx. 2 km northeast of the station Bakkahöfði, are available from late September 1981 to late October 1983 and have been reported [Ref 1] (in Icelandic). General climatological information for the Húsavík area is included in the same report. Some information on climate, avalanches, earthquakes and sea ice can be found in the report: Húsavík. Náttúrufar og minjar [Ref 2] (in Icelandic). 2. Observation Sites and Instrumentation The observation sites in the Húsavík area are shown by red filled circles on the map in Fig. 1. The former observation site Héðinshöfði is shown by a blue filled circle on the map. For photographs of the stations see Fig. 2-7. For air temerature observations a platinum resistance thermometer Logan 100PRT with a 6-plate Gill radiation shield is used at all the stations. At Bakkahöfði, Gvendar-bás and Húsavík a Wind Monitor-MA 05106-5, Marine Model, from R.M. Young is in use for observations of wind direction and wind velocity. At all 4 stations a Measurement and Control Module CR10X from Campbell Scientific, Inc is used for collecting, storing and transmitting data to the Meteorological Office in Reykjavík. The stations Bakkahöfði, Gvendarbás and Húsavíkurfjall are powered by a solar-panel and the data are transmitted over a GSM communication module. At Húsavík the station is powered from the electricity mains and the data are transmitted over a telephone line. At installation no thermometer corrections were found necessary for the Logan thermometers used in this report. At a test on 12 September 2003 this was still found the case at Bakkahöfði, Gvendarbás and Húsavíkurfjall For all 4 stations eventual thermometer corrections are believed to be less than ± 0.1°C.

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Fig. 1. The automatic stations in the Húsavík area are shown by red filled circles. Furthest north is Bakkahöfði, then Húsavíkurfjall, then Húsavík and Gvendarbás furthest south. Former station

Héðinshöfði is indicated by a blue filled circle.

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Fig. 2. Bakkahöfði. View towards N. The island Lundey is seen on the left. Photo: Þórður Arason

Fig. 3. Bakkahöfði. View towards SSE. The headland Húsavíkurhöfði is seen on the right. Photo: Sigvaldi Árnason

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Fig. 4. Gvendarbás. View towards NNE and Húsavík. Photo: Sigvaldi Árnason

Fig. 5. Húsavík station. View towards NE and Húsavíkurfjall. Photo: Þórður Arason

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Fig. 6. The station Húsavíkurfjall. View towards N. Lundey is seen on the left beyond the car. Photo: Þórður Arason

Fig. 7. The station Húsavíkurfjall. View towards S. Photo: Sigvaldi Árnason

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Bakkahöfði The location of the station is 66° 04.6' N, 17° 21.7' W, elevation 15 m a.m.s.l. Height of anemometer above ground is 10.0 m. and of thermometer 2.1 m. A Vaisala temperature and relative humidity sensor HMP45A is also installed at the station at 2.1 m above the ground, but is not used in this report. Gvendarbás The location of the station is 66° 01.4' N, 17° 22.8' W, station elevation 16 m a.m.s.l. Height of anemometer above ground is 10.0 m and of thermometer 2.1 m. Húsavíkurfjall The station is located on top of Skjólbrekka a ridge extending northwest from the mountain Húsavíkurfjall. Station location is 66° 03.2' N, 17° 19.2' W, elevation 194 m. The only instrument in use is the platinum resistance thermometer at 2.0 m above ground. Húsavík The Húsavík station location is 66° 02.5' N, 17° 19.7' W, elevation 28 m a.m.s.l. The height of the anemometer is 10.4 m above ground and of the thermometer 2.0 m. The station is also provided with a Vaisala HMP45A temperature and humidity sensor, and a Vaisala PTB101B barometer is installed at 29.8 m above mean sea level, but these instruments are not used in this report. 3. Wind Observations in the Húsavík Area 3.1 Frequency of Wind Directions The percentage frequency of the wind directions at Bakkahöfði is presented in Table 1 for each of the months October 2002 - September 2003 as well as in the form of wind roses in Annexes 1-3. Mean frequencies for the whole 12 month period, for the 6 month autumn and winter period, October-March, for the 6 month spring and summer period, April-September, and for the high summer period, June-August, are presented in Annex 4. Night and day values for the high summer period are shown in Annex 5 which also contains a wind rose for the period 16-30 September 2002. The percentage frequency of the wind directions at Gvendarbás is similarly presented in Table 2 and Annexes 6-10, and for Húsavík in Table 3 and Annexes 11-15. Calm is in Tables 1-3 and elswhere in this report defined as a 10-minute average wind speed below or equal to 0.2 m/s. Bold letters in the tables indicate the highest value for each month.

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Table 1. Percentage frequency of wind directions at Bakkahöfði,

October 2002 - September 2003

Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep YearN 360 7.6 1.2 0.4 1.5 1.9 1.3 2.6 8.9 9.1 9.3 9.0 3.2 4.7

10 8.4 2.3 0.6 2.2 1.6 0.9 2.9 8.9 7.9 9.2 9.5 3.9 4.920 6.3 3.5 0.5 3.0 1.1 1.5 2.5 5.7 8.2 7.5 6.6 3.0 4.130 2.5 2.8 0.6 4.9 0.9 5.6 2.5 7.5 7.1 5.0 4.9 1.9 3.940 1.5 3.5 0.7 7.0 0.5 4.3 4.5 7.6 4.3 4.5 3.4 3.2 3.850 2.1 4.4 1.1 5.3 0.5 4.1 5.8 4.3 3.5 3.7 3.3 2.4 3.460 1.9 4.8 0.5 2.2 0.3 1.9 4.3 2.0 2.6 3.5 3.1 1.2 2.470 1.5 3.9 0.5 2.1 0.2 1.0 3.5 1.1 2.0 2.4 1.6 0.6 1.780 1.2 3.4 0.3 2.0 0.3 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.5 0.9 1.2

E 90 1.1 2.7 0.6 1.8 1.2 0.6 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1100 1.8 2.3 0.7 2.7 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.1 0.8 1.2110 2.3 3.6 1.1 2.9 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.7 1.3 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.5120 2.1 2.8 1.8 2.4 1.9 1.4 1.9 1.1 2.2 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.6130 2.6 3.6 2.3 2.8 2.7 0.6 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.3 0.7 1.1 1.9140 4.2 4.5 3.3 1.6 3.1 0.8 3.4 2.0 1.7 1.2 0.7 1.7 2.3150 3.4 5.5 3.4 1.9 4.0 1.9 3.4 2.0 1.6 0.9 0.7 1.2 2.5160 3.0 4.7 12.5 6.9 7.7 6.3 5.1 2.2 1.5 0.9 1.7 5.3 4.8170 5.3 6.7 20.1 18.7 16.9 13.5 6.6 3.3 3.0 1.6 4.4 16.4 9.7

S 180 7.1 7.6 14.8 9.0 18.3 18.5 9.4 4.5 4.9 2.3 5.4 13.3 9.5190 7.4 6.2 10.6 6.9 9.2 11.6 7.1 3.6 4.6 2.8 6.0 8.5 7.0200 5.1 3.8 7.0 5.4 5.2 7.0 4.2 3.2 3.2 2.1 4.9 7.3 4.9210 1.9 2.7 3.9 1.5 2.6 3.5 2.4 2.0 2.3 1.6 3.6 3.8 2.7220 0.7 1.6 1.8 0.3 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.1 1.5 1.4 2.3 1.2 1.4230 0.5 1.3 1.1 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.5 0.6 0.9240 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.3 0.7 0.4 0.7250 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.5 0.4 0.6 0.6260 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.3 0.5

W 270 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.6 0.4 0.3 0.5280 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.4 0.5 0.3 0.4290 0.3 0.9 1.3 0.1 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.5 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.7300 0.3 1.3 1.4 0.0 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9310 0.7 0.7 1.3 0.2 1.0 1.0 2.5 1.7 2.2 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.4320 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.2 1.7 0.9 3.5 2.2 2.1 2.9 2.0 1.9 1.6330 2.2 0.7 0.5 0.4 2.1 0.8 2.5 3.5 2.6 4.3 2.4 3.0 2.1340 4.7 0.6 0.3 1.3 2.5 0.8 3.5 3.8 3.7 4.9 2.9 2.8 2.6350 6.5 0.9 0.4 1.3 4.1 1.1 2.7 6.4 4.9 8.5 4.9 2.9 3.7

Calm: 1.3 1.7 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.8 1.3 2.3 3.3 0.3 1.1 As seen by Tables 1-3 and by the wind roses in Annexes 1-15 the frequency of the wind directions is variable from month to month, from winter to summer, from night to day during the summer, and to some extent from station to station. For the year as a whole southerly winds are most common at Bakkahöfði, south- southeasterly winds at Gvendarbás and southeasterly winds at Húsavík station. This difference between the stations is largely explaned by the contours of the land. During the winter half of the year as well as during summer nights, winds blowing from the colder land towards the warmer sea are dominating. Southerly winds have then the highest frequency at Bakkahöfði, south-southeasterly winds at Gvendarbás and southeasterly winds at Húsavík.

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During daytime in summer the land is usually warmer than the sea and northerly sea breeze is then dominating at Bakkahöfði and Gvendarbás while winds between northwest and north are most common at Húsavík.

Table 2. Percentage frequency of wind directions at Gvendarbás, October 2002 - September 2003

Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Year

N 360 7.0 1.9 0.5 1.5 2.5 1.4 4.4 9.9 9.4 12.1 11.6 4.4 5.610 6.8 2.9 0.5 1.9 1.1 1.8 3.8 7.1 8.2 7.9 9.7 3.3 4.620 6.3 1.5 0.6 4.3 0.7 4.5 4.0 4.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 1.7 3.430 3.1 1.3 0.7 5.1 0.4 1.8 2.5 4.9 1.7 2.1 3.2 2.0 2.440 1.4 2.3 0.5 4.1 0.1 2.2 1.9 5.9 1.0 1.6 2.1 1.7 2.150 0.7 2.9 0.5 3.7 0.0 3.0 2.6 3.2 1.3 1.2 1.7 1.9 1.960 0.7 3.5 0.4 1.8 0.1 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.470 0.7 3.8 0.3 1.1 0.1 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.180 0.6 2.1 0.7 1.6 0.2 0.7 2.4 0.8 2.1 1.8 0.7 0.6 1.2

E 90 1.0 2.2 0.6 2.8 0.6 0.5 1.8 0.9 1.5 1.7 0.6 0.2 1.2100 1.2 3.3 0.4 3.1 1.2 0.6 2.0 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 1.3110 2.1 3.5 1.5 4.0 2.5 1.4 1.9 1.3 1.3 0.6 0.9 0.8 1.8120 3.0 4.5 2.6 2.3 3.5 1.0 3.2 2.3 2.3 1.7 0.8 1.7 2.4130 4.5 7.1 3.1 1.4 3.8 2.1 3.2 2.2 2.6 1.7 1.2 1.4 2.8140 6.9 7.7 11.3 7.0 4.7 6.0 4.2 2.7 2.5 1.8 2.4 4.7 5.2150 8.4 9.3 23.6 16.6 13.0 10.5 6.5 4.5 2.5 2.2 5.1 12.6 9.5160 8.7 8.8 14.4 11.3 16.3 12.3 8.0 3.8 4.5 2.9 5.4 10.8 8.9170 5.6 6.1 9.6 6.0 13.4 11.3 6.6 2.4 3.0 2.0 3.9 7.6 6.4

S 180 4.4 5.2 7.4 5.5 9.7 10.3 6.2 2.4 2.7 1.9 3.2 6.1 5.4190 3.7 3.8 5.7 4.7 6.1 8.7 4.6 2.4 2.4 1.8 4.5 6.8 4.6200 2.1 2.1 4.2 2.8 3.8 4.9 2.5 1.5 2.1 1.7 2.7 4.9 2.9210 1.0 1.3 2.5 0.9 1.9 2.5 1.4 1.2 1.5 0.9 2.8 4.5 1.9220 0.6 1.5 1.3 0.5 1.2 1.7 1.5 0.7 1.5 0.7 1.8 1.8 1.2230 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.4 0.9 0.8240 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.3 0.5250 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.3 0.5260 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.4

W 270 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.4280 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.9 0.7 0.6290 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.6 1.6 0.9 0.3 0.7300 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.0 1.1 2.0 2.4 0.9 0.3 0.8310 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.9 1.4 2.2 3.1 1.4 0.7 1.1320 1.1 0.7 1.0 0.3 1.5 0.8 2.5 2.6 3.3 3.2 2.6 1.9 1.8330 2.1 0.9 1.0 0.3 1.7 0.6 3.2 4.9 5.0 6.1 2.6 3.3 2.6340 5.7 0.9 0.6 0.9 2.3 0.9 4.7 7.3 7.6 8.4 4.4 3.8 4.0350 6.9 1.0 0.3 1.8 4.4 1.2 4.7 9.3 9.4 13.1 7.5 4.2 5.3

Calm: 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.9 1.2 2.7 2.1 3.1 0.6 1.2

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Table 3. Percentage frequency of wind directions at Húsavík, October 2002 - September 2003


N 360 6.2 2.3 0.4 1.7 1.3 1.9 2.5 5.0 4.5 3.7 5.7 2.6 3.210 5.2 1.2 0.3 2.4 1.2 2.7 2.2 6.1 4.1 3.3 4.8 2.2 3.020 3.1 0.8 0.3 5.0 0.6 2.6 1.9 4.8 4.5 2.6 3.5 2.2 2.730 2.5 1.5 0.5 4.3 0.9 2.2 1.6 3.4 1.8 1.3 1.4 1.8 1.940 1.4 0.7 0.5 3.3 0.2 1.7 1.0 2.6 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.250 1.5 0.6 0.2 1.6 0.2 0.6 0.4 1.9 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.860 0.5 0.8 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.570 0.4 1.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.5 1.1 0.6 0.7 2.3 1.1 0.4 0.780 1.0 2.9 0.4 1.4 0.2 1.6 1.7 0.9 1.3 3.0 1.1 0.4 1.3

E 90 0.8 4.5 0.9 3.8 0.2 1.5 2.4 1.2 1.9 2.3 0.8 0.6 1.8100 1.5 5.6 3.6 7.5 2.2 3.9 3.3 2.1 2.4 1.9 1.3 2.8 3.2110 5.5 8.1 12.0 14.6 5.4 8.4 6.4 3.3 2.8 3.1 3.2 6.8 6.7120 10.0 10.6 15.7 12.7 9.5 8.0 10.1 6.6 5.9 4.1 5.0 8.3 8.9130 14.2 17.1 20.4 13.1 18.3 12.0 10.9 8.7 8.4 6.7 8.8 13.0 12.6140 10.8 14.7 17.7 8.4 21.0 13.5 9.0 6.5 7.3 5.2 7.6 13.7 11.2150 4.0 5.6 7.9 4.3 12.4 9.6 5.1 1.7 2.6 1.8 2.8 7.5 5.4160 1.8 2.6 2.7 2.8 4.1 5.8 4.8 1.0 1.7 1.2 1.9 4.1 2.8170 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.4 5.0 4.1 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.6 4.3 2.3

S 180 0.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 1.5 2.6 1.5 0.7 1.4 0.8 1.6 2.4 1.4190 0.5 1.2 0.9 0.4 1.1 1.8 1.2 0.6 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.8 1.1200 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.8 1.3 0.6 0.6 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.8210 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6220 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.6230 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.6240 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.3 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.6250 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 0.2 0.6260 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 2.2 2.0 1.9 0.5 0.9

W 270 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.7 1.1 2.6 3.6 2.3 0.5 1.1280 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.8 1.5 2.5 3.6 2.2 0.5 1.1290 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.4 1.3 1.5 2.4 2.8 2.2 0.5 1.1300 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.5 1.1 1.9 2.5 3.1 2.4 0.8 1.2310 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.5 1.7 3.0 2.7 3.3 2.3 1.1 1.5320 1.8 1.1 1.4 0.4 2.1 1.5 3.9 5.2 4.9 5.8 3.4 3.3 2.9330 4.9 1.3 1.4 1.3 2.8 1.0 5.2 7.5 4.3 6.1 4.4 3.8 3.7340 7.4 1.1 0.8 1.6 4.6 1.1 4.6 7.3 6.0 8.3 6.3 3.7 4.4350 6.1 1.8 0.5 1.4 2.7 1.3 3.6 6.0 4.2 5.1 6.6 3.8 3.6

Calm: 2.7 2.3 2.3 1.2 0.3 1.1 1.5 1.7 3.2 4.7 4.6 0.7 2.2 Annual variation of the percentage frequency of six selected wind directions is presented for Bakkahöfði in Fig. 8, for Gvendarhöfði in Fig. 9, and for Húsavík in Fig. 10, and similarly diurnal variation during the high summer months June-August is presented in Fig. 11, Fig. 12 and Fig. 13.

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0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep

Months

%

17018019035036010

Fig. 8. Annual variation of percentage frequency of six selected wind directions,

Bakkahöfði, October 2002 – September 2003.

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0


Months

%

15016017035036010

Fig.9. Annual variation of percentage frequency of six selected wind directions,

Gvendarbás, October 2002 – September 2003.

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0


Wind Direction

%

120130140330340350

Fig. 10. Annual variation of percentage frequency of six selected wind directions,

Húsavík, October 2002 – September 2003.

14

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

00-0

1

01-0

2

02-0

3

03-0

4

04-0

5

05-0

6

06-0

7

07-0

8

08-0

9

09-1

0

10-1

1

11-1

2

12-1

3

13-1

4

14-1

5

15-1

6

16-1

7

17-1

8

18-1

9

19-2

0

20-2

1

21-2

2

22-2

3

23-2

4

Hours of the day, GMT

%

170

180

190

350

360

10

Fig. 11. Diurnal variation of percentage frequency of six selected wind directions,

Bakkahöfði, June-August 2003.

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

00-0

1

01-0

2

02-0

3

03-0

4

04-0

5

05-0

6

06-0

7

07-0

8

08-0

9

09-1

0

10-1

1

11-1

2

12-1

3

13-1

4

14-1

5

15-1

6

16-1

7

17-1

8

18-1

9

19-2

0

20-2

1

21-2

2

22-2

3

23-2

4


%

150

160

170

350

360

10


Gvendarbás, June-August 2003.

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

00-0

1

01-0

2

02-0

3

03-0

4

04-0

5

05-0

6

06-0

7

07-0

8

08-0

9

09-1

0

10-1

1

11-1

2

12-1

3

13-1

4

14-1

5

15-1

6

16-1

7

17-1

8

18-1

9

19-2

0

20-2

1

21-2

2

22-2

3

23-2

4


%

120

130

140

330

340

350


Húsavík, June-August 2003.

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3.2 Wind Velocity The average 10-minute wind velocity at Bakkahöfði, Gvendarbás and Húsavík for each month and for the twelve-month period October 2002 - September 2003 is listed in Table 4.

Table 4. Monthly average wind velocity at Bakkahöfði, Gvendarbás and Húsavík, October 2002 – September 2003


Bakkahöfði 7.4 5.7 6.8 7.8 9.4 8.3 6.3 5.0 4.5 3.7 3.6 7.2 6.3

Gvendarbás 7.3 5.6 6.7 7.2 9.1 7.5 6.3 4.8 4.2 3.6 3.7 6.9 6.0

Húsavík 5.4 5.1 5.4 5.9 7.7 5.6 5.0 3.6 3.3 2.8 2.6 4.6 4.7

Percentage frequency of 10-minute wind velocity for selected velocity intervals is presented for Bakkahöfði in Table 5, for Gvendarbás in Table 6 and for Húsavík in Table 7.

Table 5. Percentage frequency of 10-minute wind velocity for selected velocity intervals at Bakkahöfði, Október 2002 – September 2003.

m/s 0.0-0.9 1.0-1.9 2.0-2.9 3.0-3.9 4.0-4.9 0.0-4.9 5.0-9.9 10.0-14.9 15.0-19.9 20.0-24.9 >25.0Oct 4.8 6.4 6.9 6.6 6.6 31.3 35.9 31.0 1.7Nov 8.8 11.6 9.9 10.5 10.5 51.4 32.4 13.7 2.5Dec 6.1 7.7 5.7 4.4 5.1 29.0 55.0 14.6 1.4Jan 2.2 5.1 5.3 4.4 5.9 22.8 54.2 17.4 5.3 0.3 0.0Feb 1.2 3.5 4.2 4.3 5.1 18.5 39.6 28.1 11.8 1.9 0.1Mar 2.6 6.0 5.9 5.0 5.1 24.6 40.4 27.6 7.0 0.3Apr 4.2 8.8 8.7 9.3 9.1 40.1 42.0 16.2 1.6May 4.5 10.7 12.0 11.3 12.0 50.4 46.2 3.3Jun 8.1 14.7 14.2 11.7 8.9 57.7 40.5 1.8Jul 12.7 19.3 15.6 14.1 9.2 70.9 26.6 2.5Aug 13.7 20.2 14.6 13.6 12.5 74.6 23.4 2.0Sep 2.6 6.1 7.3 8.0 8.5 32.5 45.9 15.7 4.2 1.2 0.5Year 6.0 10.1 9.2 8.6 8.2 42.1 40.2 14.4 2.9 0.3 0.0

Table 6. Percentage frequency of 10-minute wind velocity for selected velocity

intervals at Gvendarbás, Október 2002 – September 2003.

m/s 0.0-0.9 1.0-1.9 2.0-2.9 3.0-3.9 4.0-4.9 0.0-4.9 5.0-9.9 10.0-14.9 15.0-19.9 20.0-24.9 >25.0Oct 4.6 6.7 4.8 7.4 7.3 30.7 40.0 28.6 0.7Nov 6.9 11.3 10.3 11.9 10.6 51.0 34.8 11.7 2.5 0.0Dec 4.9 6.2 5.5 6.5 7.9 31.1 54.2 13.6 1.1Jan 1.9 4.4 6.1 6.7 7.5 26.6 56.5 13.9 2.9 0.1Feb 1.2 2.3 2.9 3.8 5.5 15.7 47.5 26.1 9.6 1.0 0.0Mar 2.9 5.8 5.2 4.5 5.9 24.3 51.6 21.1 3.0Apr 4.4 6.6 6.5 9.2 12.0 38.6 46.0 14.1 1.3May 4.8 9.6 10.8 12.1 14.2 51.5 47.0 1.5Jun 11.1 14.7 12.9 12.2 11.4 62.4 36.0 1.6Jul 10.8 19.0 18.0 15.3 11.8 74.9 23.2 1.9Aug 12.1 18.0 15.0 13.3 13.8 72.2 26.8 0.9Sep 3.0 7.1 7.6 8.7 9.9 36.3 44.1 13.9 4.3 1.2 0.1Year 5.8 9.4 8.8 9.3 9.8 43.1 42.3 12.3 2.0 0.2 0.0

16

Table 7. Percentage frequency of 10-minute wind velocity for selected velocity intervals at Húsavík, Október 2002 – September 2003.

m/s 0.0-0.9 1.0-1.9 2.0-2.9 3.0-3.9 4.0-4.9 0.0-4.9 5.0-9.9 10.0-14.9 15.0-19.9 20.0-24.9 >25.0Oct 8.8 8.0 7.4 9.3 11.1 44.6 46.6 8.6 0.2Nov 12.4 13.0 11.6 10.1 8.2 55.2 31.1 12.8 0.9 0.0Dec 8.1 7.0 9.4 8.7 8.7 41.8 52.0 5.6 0.6Jan 5.1 6.3 6.8 7.5 10.6 36.2 56.1 6.6 1.1Feb 2.3 2.9 4.1 5.8 8.4 23.5 52.6 19.1 4.5 0.3Mar 4.7 5.3 6.3 8.2 12.5 37.0 58.0 4.9 0.1Apr 6.6 8.9 9.8 14.0 14.0 53.3 42.2 4.5 0.0May 8.2 13.0 17.1 18.6 18.4 75.3 24.6 0.1Jun 15.6 19.2 14.2 15.1 15.4 79.5 19.0 1.5Jul 19.6 22.9 16.6 15.0 9.6 83.7 16.2 0.0Aug 20.0 22.0 18.6 17.3 11.6 89.5 10.5Sep 4.7 10.4 14.6 15.1 13.6 58.4 37.5 3.7 0.4 0.0Year 9.7 11.7 11.4 12.1 11.9 56.8 37.1 5.5 0.6 0.0

As evident from Table 4 the average wind velocity is considerably lower at the relatively sheltered Húsavík than at Gvendarbás and Bakkahöfði. This is also evident from Tables 5-7 which show that 56.8 % of the velocity observations at Húsavík during the period October 2002 - September 2003 were below 5.0 m/s, while corresponding figures were 43.1 % for Gvendarbás and 42.1 % for Bakkahöfði. Average wind velocity for each wind direction is presented for Bakkahöfði in the histograms below the wind roses in Annexes 1-5, for Gvendarbás in Annexes 6-10 and for Húsavík in Annexes 11-15. The average wind velocity for each wind direction at Bakkahöfði is also shown in Fig. 14 for the whole year, for the winter half of the year and for the summer half; and similarly in Fig. 15 for Gvendarbás and in Fig. 16 for Húsavík.

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

360 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350

Wind Direction

m/s

October 2002 - March 2003April - September 2003Year October 2002 - September 2003

Fig. 14. Average wind velocity for each wind direction at Bakkahöfði during the winter half of the year, the summer half and the whole year.

17

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

360 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350

Wind Direction

m/s

October 2002 - March 2003April - September 2003Year, October 2002 - September 2003

Fig. 15. Average wind velocity for each wind direction at Gvendarbás during the winter half of the year, the summer half and the whole year.

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

360 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350

Wind Direction

m/s

October 2002 - March 2003April - September 2003Year, October 2002 - September 2003

Fig. 16. Average wind velocity for each wind direction at Húsavík during the winter

half of the year, the summer half and the whole year. The distribution of 10-minute wind velocity in February and August 2003 is presented for Bakkahöfði in Fig. 17, for Gvendarbás in Fig. 18 and for Húsavík in Fig. 19.

18

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

0.0-

0.9

1.0-

1.9

2.0-

2.9

3.0-

3.9

4.0-

4.9

5.0-

5.9

6.0-

6.9

7.0-

7.9

8.0-

8.9

9.0-

9.9

10.0

-10.

9

11.0

-11.

9

12.0

-12.

9

13.0

-13.

9

14.0

-14.

9

15.0

-15.

9

16.0

-16.

9

17.0

-17.

9

18.0

-18.

9

19.0

-19.

9

20.0

-20.

9

21.0

-21.

9

22.0

-22.

9

23.0

-23.

9

24.0

-24.

9

25.0

-25.

9

26.0

-26.

9

27.0

-27.

9

28.0

-28.

9

29.0

-29.

9

30.0

-30.

9

Wind Velocity, m/s

%

February 2003August 2003

Fig. 17. Distribution of 10-minute wind velocity in February and August 2003 at Bakkahöfði.

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

0.0-

0.9

1.0-

1.9

2.0-

2.9

3.0-

3.9

4.0-

4.9

5.0-

5.9

6.0-

6.9

7.0-

7.9

8.0-

8.9

9.0-

9.9

10.0

-10.

9

11.0

-11.

9

12.0

-12.

9

13.0

-13.

9

14.0

-14.

9

15.0

-15.

9

16.0

-16.

9

17.0

-17.

9

18.0

-18.

9

19.0

-19.

9

20.0

-20.

9

21.0

-21.

9

22.0

-22.

9

23.0

-23.

9

24.0

-24.

9

25.0

-25.

9

26.0

-26.

9

27.0

-27.

9

28.0

-28.

9

29.0

-29.

9

30.0

-30.

9

Wind Velocity, m/s

%


Fig. 18. Distribution of 10-minute wind velocity in February and August 2003 at Gvendarbás.

19

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

0.0-

0.9

1.0-

1.9

2.0-

2.9

3.0-

3.9

4.0-

4.9

5.0-

5.9

6.0-

6.9

7.0-

7.9

8.0-

8.9

9.0-

9.9

10.0

-10.

9

11.0

-11.

9

12.0

-12.

9

13.0

-13.

9

14.0

-14.

9

15.0

-15.

9

16.0

-16.

9

17.0

-17.

9

18.0

-18.

9

19.0

-19.

9

20.0

-20.

9

21.0

-21.

9

22.0

-22.

9

23.0

-23.

9

24.0

-24.

9

25.0

-25.

9

26.0

-26.

9

27.0

-27.

9

28.0

-28.

9

29.0

-29.

9

30.0

-30.

9

Wind Velocity, m/s

%


Fig. 19. Distribution of 10-minute wind velocity in February and August 2003 at Húsavík.

The diurnal variation of the 10-minute wind velocity is considerable during the summer half of the year. In Fig. 20 this is shown for the high summer months, June-August 2003, at Bakkahöfði, Gvendarbás and Húsavík.

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

00-0

1

01-0

2

02-0

3

03-0

4

04-0

5

05-0

6

06-0

7

07-0

8

08-0

9

09-1

0

10-1

1

11-1

2

12-1

3

13-1

4

14-1

5

15-1

6

16-1

7

17-1

8

18-1

9

19-2

0

20-2

1

21-2

2

22-2

3

23-2

4

Hours of the Day, GMT

m/s

BakkahöfðiGvendarbásHúsavík

Fig. 20. Mean diurnal variation of 10-minute wind velocity at Bakkahöfði, Gvendarbás and Húsavík during the high summer months June- August 2003.

20

The highest 10-minute wind velocity observed at Bakkahöfði during the twelve-month period October 2002 – September 2003 was 27.4 m/s, observed on 21 September 2003 in a northerly wind direction. The highest gust 35.2 m/s was observed on the same day. So were also the highest 10-minute wind velocity and gust at Gvendarbás, respectively 26.0 m/s and 33.0 m/s, also observed in northerly wind. At Húsavík the highest observed 10-minute value was 22.8 m/s on 10 February 2003 and the highest gust 31.9 m/s on 17 January 2003, both in easterly wind direction. 4. Air Temperature Observations in the Húsavík Area The monthly mean temperature at the 4 observation stations is presented in Table 8 for the period October 2002 - September 2003. The sea has a warming influence during the winter but cooling during the summer. This influence is greatest at Bakkahöfði and smallest at the Húsavík station. Accordingly Bakkahöfði has higher monthly mean temperatures than the other stations during the winter half of the year, the months October-March, but Húsavík usually during the summer, especially for the high summer months, June-August.

Table 8. Monthly mean temperature, October 2002 – September 2003, °C.


Bakkahöfði 5.3 3.9 3.8 -0.1 2.7 3.4 4.9 4.1 9.3 10.4 11.9 8.8 5.7

Gvendarbás 4.9 3.5 3.0 -0.9 2.0 3.1 5.0 4.1 9.4 10.5 12.0 8.4 5.4

Húsavík 4.7 3.4 3.0 -0.9 1.9 3.0 5.1 4.3 9.9 10.9 12.4 8.3 5.5

Húsavíkurfjall 4.1 2.9 3.0 -1.4 1.2 2.1 4.0 3.0 9.0 9.8 11.5 7.5 4.8 The diurnal temperature variation is considerable during the summer half of the year, especially on clear days. In Fig 21 the mean diurnal variation is shown for the high summer months, June-August 2003.

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

00-0

1

01-0

2

02-0

3

03-0

4

04-0

5

05-0

6

06-0

7

07-0

8

08-0

9

09-1

0

10-1

1

11-1

2

12-1

3

13-1

4

14-1

5

15-1

6

16-1

7

17-1

8

18-1

9

19-2

0

20-2

1

21-2

2

22-2

3

23-2

4

Hours of the day

°C

BakkahöfðiGvendarbásHúsavíkHúsavíkurfjall

Fig. 21. Diurnal temperature variation in the Húsavík area during June-August 2003.

21

5. Stability Observations in the Húsavík Area The vertical temperature gradient between the stations Húsavíkurfjall and Bakkahöfði (height difference 179 m) is presented hour for hour and month for month in Annexes 16-21, between Húsavíkurfjall and Gvendarbás (height difference 178 m) in Annexes 22-27 and between Húsavíkurfjall og Húsavík (height difference 166 m) in Annexes 28-33. The vertical temperature gradient is here expressed in degrees Celcius per 100 meters. It is a measure of the stability of the air. As seen in the graphs in Annexes 16-33 temperature inversions, i.e. higher temperature at Húsavíkurfjall than at the other stations, occur rather frequently, indicating moderate or strong stability of the lowest air layers. 6. Earlier Wind Observations at Héðinshöfði As mentioned in the introduction chapter wind direction and wind velocity observations are available from late September 1981 to late October 1983 from the farm Héðinshöfði, approx. 2 km northeast of the station Bakkahöfði. The observations were made with a mechanical wind recorder of the type Woelfle-Lambrecht, located west of the farmhouse. The observation height was 2 m above the ground. A new evaluation of the records has now been made. Hourly values are now available for wind direction for the two year period October 1981 – September 1983 instead of three hourly values before. The wind velocity values are means for 60 minutes instead of the usual 10 minutes, but 24 values are now available per day instead of 8 values before. These observations are valuable for comparison with the present observations in the Húsavík area, especially at Bakkahöfði. Average values for the year, for the winter half of the year and for the summer half of the year are presented in Annex 34. 7. Remarks The main purpose of the observations described in this report, is to provide a basis on which dispersion calculations can be based for an eventual industrial plant, possibly located at Héðinsvík north of Bakkahöfði or at Gvendarbás south of Húsavík. All data from the observation network are stored in the computerized data base of the Icelandic Meteorological Office and can be obtained as needed for dispersion calculations. 8. Stutt yfirlit á íslensku (Brief summary in Icelandic) Samkvæmt samningi við Fjárfestingarstofuna-orkusvið setti Veðurstofan þann 13. september 2002 upp þrjár sjálfvirkar veðurstöðvar í næsta nágrenni við Húsavík: á Bakkahöfða, við Gvendarbás og í 194 m hæð yfir sjó efst á Skjólbrekku. Skyldu stöðvar þessar, sem í skýrslunni kallast Bakkahöfði, Gvendarbás og Húsavíkurfjall, reknar til loka september 2003. Gera skyldi skýrslu um helstu niðurstöður mælinganna og þá einnig stuðst við mælingar á sjálfvirkri veðurstöð Veðuratofunnar á Húsavík. Á Skjólbrekku er aðeins mældur lofthiti, en á hinum stöðvunum einnig

22

vindátt og vindhraði. Gerð er grein fyrir þessu, staðsetningu stöðvanna og tækjabúnaði í 1. og 2. kafla skýrslunnar. Í þriðja kafla og viðaukum 1-15 er fjallað ítarlega um niðurstöður vindáttar- og vindhraðamælinga á sjálfvirku veðurstöðvunum Bakkahöfða, Gvendarbási og Húsavík á 12 mánaða tímabilinu október 2002 - september 2003. Í fjórða kafla er fjallað um niðurstöður hitamælinga á veðurstöðvunum, og í fimmta kafla um lóðréttan hitastigul milli stöðvarinnar á Skjólbrekku og hinna veður-stöðvanna. Hitastigullinn segir til um stöðugleika lofsins sem ásamt vindinum hefur afgerandi áhrif á dreifingu mengunarefna. Viðaukar 16-21 sýna hitastigulinn, og þar með stöðugleikann, dag fyrir dag og mánuð fyrir mánuð miðað við mælingar á Skjólbrekku og Bakkahöfða, en hæðarmunur stöðvanna er 179 metrar. Viðaukar 22-27 sýna á sama hátt hitastigul milli Skjólbrekku og Gvendarbáss, en hæðarmunur er 178 m. Loks sýna viðaukar 28-33 hitastigul milli Skjólbrekku og stöðvarinnar í jaðri Húsavíkur, en hæðarmunur er 166 m. Í sjötta kafla er greint frá eldri vindmælingum sem gerðar voru um tveggja ára skeið á bænum Héðinshöfða, en nokkrar niðurstöður, einkum ætlaðar til samanburðar við mælingar á Bakkahöfða, er að finna í viðauka 34. Í sjöunda kafla er greint frá tilgangi mælinganna sem er að afla gagna sem á má byggja útreikninga á dreifingu mengunarefna frá stóriðjufyrirtæki sem staðsett kynni að verða á Húsavíkursvæðinu, væntanlega í námunda við Bakkahöfða eða Gvendarbás. Jafnframt er sagt frá því að öll gögnin séu geymd í tölvuvæddum gagnabanka Veðurstofunnar og þar tiltæk þegar og ef gera þarf dreifingarútreikninga. 9. References 1. Flosi Hrafn Sigurðsson and Guðrún Magnúsdóttir: Vindmælingar á Héðinshöfða

og veðurfar á Húsavíkursvæðinu (Wind Observations at Héðinshöfði and Climate of the Húsavík Area). A report prepared for Staðarvalsnefnd um iðnrekstur. Veðurstofa Íslands, Reykjavík 1984, 49 p. (in Icelandic).

2. Þóroddur F. Þóroddsson, Helgi Hallgrímsson, Þórir Haraldsson, Ólafur K. Nielsen

og Jóhannes Björnsson: Húsavík. Náttúrufar og minjar. (A report on nature and historical remains in the neighbourhood of Húsavík). A report prepared for Staðarvalsnefnd um iðnrekstur by Náttúrugripasafnið á Akureyri. Iðnaðar-ráðuneytið, Reykjavík 1984, 167 p. (in Icelandic).

23

25

Annexes 1 - 34

Bakkahöfði

Annex 1

8.4%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %October 2002

Automatic station144 observations per dayObservations used: 4459, 99.9%Calm: 1.3%

Average Wind Velocity for Wind Directions, m/s

10.1 10

.710

.36.

84.

73.

42.

92.

3 3.1

5.6

6.6

7.5

7.6

7.6

10.0

9.3

6.0

5.9

7.0

5.7

5.3

4.9

2.9 3.0

2.0 2.1 2.3

2.2

1.8

2.7

3.9

4.9

6.2

7.7

9.2 9.

7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

7.6%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %November 2002


Average Wind Velocity for Wind Directions, m/s4.

68.

38.

25.

8 6.6

6.3

7.3

6.0

4.0 4.

84.

55.

54.

15.

97.

9 8.3

7.4

6.1

6.0

5.5

5.0

3.8

3.2

2.2 2.4

2.1

1.9

1.9

1.7

3.5

4.7

2.7

2.4

2.3

2.3 3.

1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

20.1%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %December 2002



2.9

4.9

3.3

4.4

5.7

4.4

4.2

2.1

3.4

2.9 3.

55.

2 5.9

7.4

8.6

7.1 7.

97.

67.

36.

96.

4 6.8

5.5

4.2

3.6

3.2

2.0

1.3

4.2

5.5 6.

07.

46.

35.

4 5.6

4.3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

18.7%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %January 2003



11.0 11.3

10.9 11

.310

.28.

56.

47.

79.

67.

46.

85.

55.

4 5.8

4.9

6.0

7.1

7.0

6.7

8.0

8.1

5.7

3.5

5.0

6.9

5.5

3.2

1.5 2.

02.

00.

0 2.1

5.9

7.4 7.6

9.0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Bakkahöfði

Annex 2

18.3%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %February 2003

Automatic station144 observations per dayObservations used: 4032, 100%Calm: 0.1%


12.7

9.0

6.7

5.2

3.0

2.4

2.4 3.

16.

611

.59.

66.

9 7.8 8.

39.

89.

08.

68.

311

.19.

58.

9 9.9

8.6

7.8

7.8

9.8

6.4

5.3

3.4

5.5 6.

39.

3 9.5 10

.910

.713

.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

18.5%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %March 2003



13.

67.

011

.810

.99.

96.

03.

12.

92.

7 3.3

4.9

4.9

4.1

6.3

6.3 7.

1 7.3

9.8

10.0 9.9

10.1

7.6

5.2 5.

55.

34.

91.

73.

24.

66.

6 7.3

6.2

5.1

4.8

4.5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Vindátt (°)

m/s

9.4%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %April 2003



3.8 3.9 4.

4 5.0

7.0

6.3

6.2 7.

05.

5 6.3

5.4

5.3

4.9

4.9

6.6

6.1

7.2

6.9

8.8

8.4

6.7 7.0

4.8

3.7

2.2 3.

18.

67.

63.

63.

05.

95.

75.

34.

87.

06.

7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

8.9%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %May 2003



5.4 6.

15.

9 6.4 6.

85.

84.

1 4.6 5.

24.

94.

83.

2 3.5

5.7 6.

1 6.2

5.3

5.1

4.2

3.7

3.1

2.8

2.1

1.8 2.

32.

21.

91.

6 1.9 2.1

4.2 5.

14.

24.

0 4.3 4.

7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Bakkahöfði

Annex 3

9.1%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %June 2003



4.7

4.4 5.

0 5.5

5.0 5.

8 6.0

5.6

5.5

4.7

2.9

5.8 6.

1 6.6

5.8

5.2

5.2 6.

05.

14.

33.

12.

72.

51.

91.

7 1.9

1.5

1.2

1.2 1.5

1.6

4.1

3.3 3.5 4.

14.

2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

9.3%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %July 2003



55.

35.

15.

0 5.2

5.0 5.

85.

44.

8 5.3

2.8

2.5

4.8

3.7

3.1

3.0 3.

32.

92.

7 3.0

2.8

2.1

1.6

1.4

1.5 1.8 1.9

1.3

1.4

1.1 1.

6 2.3 2.

9 3.1

3.0 3.

6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

16.4%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %September 2003



11.1

7.5

5.8

5.6 6.

46.

23.

72.

8 3.8

3.3

4.5 4.8 5.

4 6.2

5.3

4.0

6.8 6.9 7.

4 7.6

8.9

7.1

4.1

3.5

3.4

2.4 2.7

2.7

2.4

3.9

3.7

7.3

6.7

9.7

11.6 12

.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

9.5%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %August 2003



4.1 4.

83.

63.

63.

4 3.8

2.9

2.6

2.1

3.3

2.8

1.7 1.8

3.1

2.6

1.6

3.4

5.4

4.7

4.3

4.1

3.6

3.3

2.8

1.4

1.1

1.2

1.1

0.9 1.

72.

8 3.3 3.

62.

92.

9 3.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Bakkahöfði

Annex 4

9.7%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %Year, October 2002 - September 2003



6.1 6.4

6.4 6.

96.

86.

25.

55.

14.

9 5.4

5.2

5.3

5.4 6.

27.

47.

0 7.1

7.0 7.

67.

06.

76.

04.

53.

33.

23.

12.

92.

32.

03.

24.

5 5.3

4.9 5.

36.

26.

3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

13.5%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %Autumn and Winter, October 2002 - March 2003



4 9.7

9.3 9.4

8.7

7.3

5.8

5.2 5.4 5.

9 6.0

6.1

6.0 6.

78.

58.

07.

77.

38.

67.

87.

57.

05.

94.

2 4.7

4.7

3.2

2.3 3.

04.

55.

56.

4 6.9 7.

6 8.4

9.5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

7.1%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %Spring and Summer, April - September 2003



4.9 5.1

5.0 5.3 5.

85.

65.

0 5.1

4.1 4.

73.

7 4.2 4.

7 5.3 5.

65.

16.

16.

1 6.2

5.7

5.3

4.6

3.0

2.5

2.0

2.0

2.9

2.0

1.6 2.

03.

54.

84.

3 4.6 4.9 5.0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

9.1%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %High Summer, June - August 2003



4.1 4.

94.

7 4.8

4.7 4.9

4.9

4.7

3.7 4.

32.

83.

94.

84.

84.

43.

9 4.1

5.1

4.3

3.9

3.3

2.9

2.6

2.1

1.6

1.7

1.6

1.1

1.2 1.5 2.

13.

23.

22.

9 3.2 3.

7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Bakkahöfði

Annex 5

9.4%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %High Summer, June - August 2003, Night Hours 00 - 06 GMT



3.7

5.2

4.4

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.0

2.8

2.1 2.

51.

91.

93.

63.

11.

9 2.3

3.8

5.2

4.2

3.8

2.7

2.7

2.0

2.0

1.4 1.5

1.5

1.3

1.3 1.5 1.

8 2.4 3.

3 3.9

3.6 3.8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

16.2%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %High Summer, June - August 2003, Day Hours 12 - 18 GMT



8 5.2

5.0 5.

4 6.3 6.

7 7.0

6.3

5.4

6.5

3.7

6.9

6.5

5.7 6.

45.

93.

35.

7 5.8

4.2 4.3 4.5

4.5

3.0

1.8

1.6 1.8

1.4

1.3 1.

7 2.1

4.4

3.7

3.6

3.6 4.

0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

8.4%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %16 - 30 September 2002



2.3

2.0 2.

6 2.8

2.5

2.0

1.4

1.0

1.1

1.3 1.

71.

6 2.2

2.0

1.2 1.4

2.6 2.

9 3.3

2.6 3.

02.

01.

5 1.6

1.6

1.3

0.9

0.8

0.7

1.1 1.

9 2.4

4.8

3.8

3.3

3.0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Gvendarbás

Annex 6

8.7%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




10.1

10.1

9.0

6.2

4.1

2.4

2.0 2.

3 3.0 3.

78.

1 8.3

9.3

8.6

7.9

7.0

6.3

5.8

5.3

4.3

3.3

2.6

2.1

1.7

1.5 1.

9 2.3

2.1

2.0 2.

54.

15.

5 6.4

8.4

9.7

9.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

9.3%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




08.

85.

14.

64.

5 5.3

6.2

7.1

5.3

3.9

6.1

6.1

6.1

7.2

6.8 7.0

6.8

5.4

4.8

3.7

3.2

2.9

2.0 2.

31.

7 2.4

2.4

1.6 2.

23.

4 4.0

3.6

3.6 3.9

3.5

3.4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

23.6%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

N

E

S

W




3.9

5.5

4.0

3.8

2.8 3.

52.

92.

74.

02.

3 3.1

7.7

6.9

7.8

7.5 8.

07.

36.

45.

8 6.3

5.7

7.2

4.9 5.

23.

72.

3 2.5

1.2

3.7 4.

0 4.7 5.

2 5.9

7.4

6.3

6.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

16.6%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




10.0

9.7

9.1

9.0

8.2 8.

88.

17.

08.

9 9.5

7.3

6.5

5.2

5.1

6.5

7.4

6.9

5.6 5.

9 6.4

6.1

4.1

2.9

2.7

3.6

3.8 4.

54.

03.

5 3.8 4.

22.

54.

45.

58.

5 9.0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Gvendarbás

Annex 7

16.3%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




11.9

9.9

7.1

6.5

2.3

2.0 2.3

1.6 2.

610

.913

.69.

58.

28.

17.

79.

0 9.3

9.3

7.8

7.9 8.2

7.7 8.

1 8.9

3.6 4.

52.

21.

8 2.7

2.7

2.4

7.4

11.4

13.6

12.3 13

.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

12.3%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




56.

08.

57.

48.

5 9.0

8.3

7.2

4.9

3.0

5.3

6.4

5.1

6.0 6.3 6.

9 7.4 7.

78.

7 9.3

8.9 9.0

8.5

4.8

2.0 2.

72.

41.

2 2.2 2.

83.

9 4.4

6.2

7.2

5.3 5.

8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

8.0%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




4.4

4.4 5.

0 5.2

5.0

6.5

6.0

4.8

7.0 7.

48.

46.

95.

8 6.6 7.

37.

07.

1 7.3 7.5

9.1

6.3

7.4

7.0

5.1

1.6 2.

24.

16.

95.

33.

22.

44.

66.

15.

96.

96.

3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

9.9%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




5.3

5.1 5.

5 5.7 5.9

5.2

4.1

3.5 3.

85.

34.

35.

5 6.1

5.0

4.7 5.

65.

43.

73.

53.

53.

23.

22.

72.

0 2.1 2.3

2.0 2.1

2.1

2.1 2.

4 2.7

4.4

4.5 4.8 5.

4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Gvendarbás

Annex 8

9.4%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




4.4 5.

04.

13.

3 3.4 4.

05.

15.

16.

4 6.6

6.2

5.2

6.9

6.2

4.6 5.

3 5.4

4.6

4.0

3.0

3.1

2.2

1.6 1.

91.

5 1.7

1.4 1.

8 2.0

2.1 2.

4 2.7 3.

44.

74.

64.

0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

13.1%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




54.

13.

93.

73.

2 3.4 3.6

4.7 5.

55.

43.

15.

23.

85.

35.

02.

92.

72.

22.

32.

12.

11.

8 1.9

1.4 1.6 1.7 1.9

1.8 2.

1 2.3 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.

4 3.7 4.

3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

11.6%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




4.5

4.3

3.0 3.0

2.7 2.9

4.1

3.3

2.9 3.0

2.9

2.6 3.

12.

73.

6 4.5 4.8

4.2

3.4 4.

0 4.7

3.6

2.7

2.7

1.6

1.4 1.5

1.2 1.5

1.5

2.6 3.

04.

03.

73.

4 3.8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

12.6%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




9.7

6.2

5.1

5.0 5.

44.

63.

83.

02.

6 3.0

4.4

6.5

6.2

4.6 5.

16.

76.

3 6.6 6.9 7.1 7.

7 8.6

6.9

4.2

2.8

1.9 2.

43.

82.

41.

83.

17.

7 8.1

7.9

10.4

11.7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Gvendarbás

Annex 9

9.5%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




6.0

6.0 6.1

5.5 5.7 5.9

5.6

5.3 5.

8 6.1 6.

76.

66.

4 6.8

6.6 7.

06.

96.

66.

3 6.5

6.1

6.0

4.7

3.7

2.0 2.2

2.1 2.

62.

42.

4 2.9 3.

75.

3 5.5 6.

1 6.3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

13.6%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




49.

18.

47.

06.

4 7.1

6.5

6.4

5.7 6.

27.

46.

9 7.1 7.4

7.0 7.

97.

37.

16.

86.

86.

46.

45.

44.

52.

4 2.7

2.3

2.0 2.

6 3.2 3.

95.

07.

28.

5 9.0 9.

8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

8.7%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




5.1

4.7

4.2 4.

5 4.7 4.9

4.6

4.3

5.4 5.

9 6.0

5.5 5.7

5.5

5.2 6.

05.

55.

55.

4 5.7

5.4

5.4

4.2

2.8

1.9

1.9 2.1 3.

02.

62.

4 2.5 3.

34.

5 4.7 5.

35.

2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

11.0%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




4.4 4.6

3.6

3.2

3.0 3.

4 4.3 4.4

5.3

5.2

4.2 4.

5 5.2

5.2

4.3

4.2 4.

53.

63.

33.

3 3.6

3.0

2.1

2.0

1.5

1.6 1.

91.

7 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.8

3.6 3.8

3.9 4.0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Gvendarbás

Annex 10

10.4%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




4.6

4.6

3.0

2.1

2.1 2.

8 3.2

3.0 3.

4 3.9

2.0

3.1 3.3

3.1 3.

6 4.0 4.3

3.3

2.8

2.1

2.2

2.0 2.1

1.9

1.4 1.

91.

4 1.5

1.4 1.5 2.

12.

0 2.2

4.3 4.5

4.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

17.0%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




9 5.2

4.8 5.0

5.0

6.0 6.

9 7.1

6.8

6.2

5.8 6.

4 6.9 7.

56.

86.

45.

54.

9 5.3

5.2 5.4

4.3

2.8

2.8

2.0

1.8

1.7 2.

2 2.3

2.3 3.

0 3.4 4.

25.

24.

3 4.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

6.9%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




3.4

3.5

2.9

2.8

2.8

1.5 2.

11.

6 1.8

1.9

1.9

1.4

2.4 3.

2 3.3 3.

93.

83.

22.

62.

01.

93.

21.

71.

31.

20.

91.

20.

80.

9 1.6 2.

11.

8 2.3 3.

02.

9 3.2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Húsavík

Annex 11

14.2%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




5.4

4.9

4.0

4.1

3.7

2.7

2.6

2.5 3.

24.

1 4.8

5.9

7.0 7.

46.

15.

24.

13.

62.

72.

41.

81.

31.

1 1.6

1.3

1.2

0.9

1.2 1.4

1.0

1.2

2.4

4.4

6.4

6.0

5.3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

17.1%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




33.

11.

93.

12.

82.

62.

52.

26.

25.

2 5.9

5.3 5.

87.

86.

44.

43.

83.

13.

12.

0 2.1

2.1

1.8

1.5 1.7

1.1

1.3

1.2 1.6

1.5 1.8

3.0

2.6 2.7 3.

2 3.8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

20.4%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




3.2

2.5 3.

3 3.9

3.8

2.1

1.4 1.7

6.6

5.8 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.

65.

85.

34.

94.

03.

12.

62.

62.

42.

5 2.7 2.8

2.2 2.

71.

0 1.6

1.6

2.8

3.7 3.9 4.1

3.6

3.2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

14.6%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




6.2

5.6 6.

05.

95.

34.

63.

83.

66.

09.

88.

16.

36.

0 6.4

4.9

4.8 5.

34.

83.

32.

42.

01.

80.

8 1.6

1.3 1.6

1.6 1.6 2.

0 2.3

1.3 2.

1 2.9

5.1 5.

9 6.4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Húsavík

Annex 12

21.0%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




6.1

4.7

4.1 4.

72.

82.

0 2.7

1.0 1.5

2.6

11.0

7.3 7.

68.

78.

68.

45.

65.

34.

63.

73.

44.

5 4.8

4.5

3.8

2.9

2.5

2.6

4.0

2.5 3.

15.

19.

28.

58.

47.

8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

13.5%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




65.

5 5.8 6.

55.

94.

23.

87.

36.

2 6.4

7.4

6.2

5.3 5.

9 6.2 6.5 6.6

5.8

4.9

4.6

4.0

3.3 4.

04.

03.

73.

02.

11.

81.

2 1.8 2.

1 2.4

3.7 4.

1 4.4

3.7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

10.9%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




3.4 3.6 3.9 4.

54.

33.

32.

95.

6 5.8 6.

35.

8 6.0

5.9 6.1

5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2

4.8

3.6

3.2

2.8 2.9 3.

23.

01.

5 1.7

1.3 1.

73.

42.

23.

24.

25.

34.

43.

6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

8.7%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




4.2

4.0

4.0

3.8

3.8

3.7

3.1 3.

83.

2 3.6 4.

5 4.8

4.7

4.3

3.4

3.1 3.

42.

52.

21.

8 2.1

1.4 1.

81.

51.

11.

3 1.7

1.5 1.7 2.

01.

92.

9 3.5 4.

0 4.1

3.9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Húsavík

Annex 13

8.4%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




3.3 3.6 4.

13.

5 3.8

3.1

2.9 3.

8 4.3 4.

84.

63.

75.

04.

44.

0 4.1

3.6

3.1

1.8

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.3 1.5

1.4 1.6

1.3

1.2

1.4 1.

8 2.0 2.1

3.6 3.8

3.8

3.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

8.3%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




3 4.0

3.5 3.8

2.8

2.6

4.0

5.1

4.8

4.7

3.4

3.4

2.9 3.2

2.7

1.6

1.3

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.0

1.3

1.3

1.2 1.

71.

61.

2 1.6

1.2 1.

7 2.0 2.1

3.0 3.2 3.

63.

4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

8.8%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




3.3

3.2

3.1

2.5 3.

02.

4 2.8 3.

63.

6 3.8

3.1 3.

73.

33.

02.

3 2.8

2.7

2.4 2.

7 2.9

2.1

1.7

1.5

1.2

1.1

1.3

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.0 1.5 1.

9 2.5 2.

8 2.9 3.

7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

13.7%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




3.6 3.7

2.9 3.

53.

62.

7 2.8

2.7

1.7

3.5

5.1

5.2

4.6 4.9

4.3 4.

84.

4 4.7

3.3 3.

63.

12.

62.

52.

61.

5 2.0

1.3 1.6

1.6

1.4 1.

93.

46.

47.

5 8.2

5.5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Húsavík

Annex 14

12.6%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




4.0

4.0 4.2 4.3

4.2

3.2

3.1

4.3 4.

96.

1 6.3

5.8

5.8 6.0

5.6

5.5

5.0

4.4

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0 2.

32.

32.

01.

81.

51.

21.

2 1.9

2.0 2.

64.

04.

94.

94.

3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

15.8%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




04.

94.

8 5.1

4.6

3.3

3.0 3.

45.

86.

9 7.2

6.0 6.

3 7.0

6.7

6.1

5.5

4.8

3.9

3.4

3.0 3.1

2.8 3.

12.

62.

01.

71.

51.

5 1.7 2.

03.

35.

05.

9 6.3

5.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

9.4%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




3.7

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.4

3.0

3.0

4.5

4.3 4.

84.

74.

7 4.9

4.4

4.0 4.

44.

1 4.3

2.9

2.7

2.1

1.9

1.9

1.6

1.6

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.2 2.

02.

0 2.3

3.7 4.0 4.1

4.0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

8.0%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




3.3 3.

6 3.7

3.3

3.1

2.9 3.

24.

4 4.6

4.6

3.8

3.6 3.9

3.5

2.9

2.7

2.6

2.2

2.2

2.1

1.9

1.5

1.3

1.1

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2 1.

6 2.0

2.0

3.0 3.1 3.

63.

4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Húsavík

Annex 15

16.2%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




2.3

2.3 2.4 2.6

2.6

2.4 3.

34.

44.

2 4.4

3.7

3.6

3.1

3.0

2.1

2.0

1.5

1.5

1.1 1.

71.

01.

31.

01.

00.

90.

70.

80.

91.

01.

01.

21.

0 2.0 2.

6 3.3

2.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

11.1%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




2 4.6

4.6

4.6

4.4

3.7 3.9

5.3

5.1

4.7

4.5

3.6

5.9

5.5 5.

94.

84.

53.

83.

22.

72.

1 2.4

2.0

1.7

1.6 1.9

1.7 1.8

1.6 2.

0 2.1 2.

83.

8 4.1

4.0

4.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

13.0%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W




2.6 3.

22.

5 2.6

3.7

3.1

2.8

2.5

1.8 2.

6 2.9 3.

33.

12.

12.

02.

0 2.2

1.4

1.0

1.3

1.1

1.3 1.5

1.4

1.0

0.8

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.0

1.1 1.6 2.

1 2.6 2.8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

Vertical temperature gradient, °C/100 m Húsavíkurfjall – Bakkahöfði (height difference 179 m)

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

October 2002

°C/100m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

November 2002

°C/100 m

Annex 16


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

December 2002

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

January 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 17


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

February 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

March 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 18


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

April 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

May 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 19


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

June 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

July 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 20


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

August 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

September 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 21

Vertical temperature gradient, °C/100 m Húsavíkurfjall – Gvendarbás (height difference 178 m)

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

October 2002

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

November 2002

°C/100 m

Annex 22


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

December 2002

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

January 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 23


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

February 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

March 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 24


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

April 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

May 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 25


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

June 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

July 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 26


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

August 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

September 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 27

Vertical temperature gradient, °C/100 m Húsavíkurfjall – Húsavík (height difference 166 m)

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

October 2002

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

November 2002

°C/100 m

Annex 28


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

December 2002

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

January 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 29


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

February 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

March 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 30


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

April 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

May 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 31


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

June 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

July 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 32


-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

August 2003

°C/100 m

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

September 2003

°C/100 m

Annex 33

Héðinshöfði

Annex 34

6.8%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W


Mecanical recording station24 observations per dayObservations used: 15666, 89.4%


5.9

5.3

6.7

6.8

5.6

4.8

4.9

4.4

3.3

2.8

3.7 4.

23.

7 4.5

5.8

7.3 8.

07.

37.

16.

56.

15.

13.

4 3.7 3.8

2.7 3.

2 3.6

4.9

7.2

6.6

5.8

6.8

6.6

6.1

5.5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

8.8%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %Autumn and Winter, Oct 1981 - Mar 1982 and Oct 1982 - Mar 1983



48.

48.

28.

16.

65.

75.

35.

13.

73.

2 4.0 4.2 4.

5 5.1

6.5

8.1 8.

88.

37.

87.

16.

25.

33.

66.

36.

34.

55.

66.

9 7.8

9.9

8.8

7.6

9.0

8.0 8.

58.

5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

9.1%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

N

E

S

W

Frequency of Wind Directions, %Spring and Summer, Apr - Sep 1982 and Apr - Sep 1983



4.7

4.2 5.

04.

94.

43.

9 4.5

3.5

2.9

2.6 2.

9 3.1

3.0 3.

44.

76.

0 6.3

5.7 6.

55.

8 6.1

4.7

3.4

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.3

2.0 2.3

4.3

5.3

4.9 5.0 5.

44.

64.

6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

3 6 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 12 0 150 18 0 2 10 2 4 0 2 70 3 0 0 3 3 0

Wind Direction (°)

m/s

wind and stability observations in the húsavík area...report 03039 wind and stability observations...

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