wireless power trans mission via solar satelite
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kalam institute of technology, BAM.
WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION VIA
SOLAR SATELLITE
Presented by : Saumya ranjan Mahapatra
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087
Under the guidance of:
Mr. Harekrushna panigrahi
SEMINAR ON
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087
• Introduction Wireless power transmission• Solar power system• How Solar power system works• Flow chart of solar power transmission• Overview of system design• Advantages & Disadvantages• Conclusion • References
CONTENTS
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-01
Introduction Wireless power transmission
o The transmission of energy from one place to another without using wires.
o Conventional energy transfer is using wires.
o But the wireless transmission is made possible by using various technologies.
o This Phenomena is also known as ‘Witricity’.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-02
WHY NOT WIRES ?????
o As per the studies , most electrical energy transfer is through wires.
o Most of the energy loss is during transmission.
o On an average , more than 30%.
o In India, it exceeds 40%.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-03
WHY WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION ????
o Reliable
o Efficient
o Fast
o Low maintenance cost
o Can be used for short range as well as long range
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-04
IS WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION SAFE ????
o Human beings or other objects placed between the transmitter and receiver do not hinder the transmission of power.
o Magnetic field tend to interact very weakly with the biological tissues of the body, and so are not prone to cause any damage to any living being.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-05
BASICS OF WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION
There are mainly 3 types of wireless energy transfer
1.Short Range –Inductive Coupling
2.Medium range-Resonant Induction
3.Long Range Power Transfer-Electromagnetic wave
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-06
TYPES OF WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION
Ground based power transmission
Space based power transmission
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-07
Space based power transmission is preferred over ground based power transmission because :
1.Energy is available 24 hours a day.
2.No storage required for nighttime power.
3.The energy available in space is 4 -5 times than on earth.
4.No long winter nights, no storms, no cloudy seasons.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-08
SOLAR POWER SATELITE
Solar Power Satellites (SPS) have proposed to collect solar energy in space and beam it down to the Earth.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-09
INTRODUCTION TO SOLAR POWER SATELITE
o The SPS is a gigantic satellite designed as an electric power plant orbiting the geostationary earth orbit.
o It consists of mainly three segments solar energy collector to convert the solar energy into DC electricity, DC to microwave converter and larger antenna array to beam down the microwave power to the ground.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-10
WHY TO USE SOLAR POWER SYSTEM ????
o Increasing global energy demand.
o Environmental problems due to fossil fuels.
o To overcome energy crisis.
o Overcome day and night effect and other factors such as cloud.
o There is no air in space, so the satellites would receive somewhat more intense sunlight, unaffected by weather.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-11
HOW SOLAR POWER SYSTEM WORKS ????
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-12
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-13
BASICS STEPS INVOLVED IN THE CONVERSION
Capture solar energy in space and convert it to electricity
Transform the electricity to radio frequency energy and transmit it
to Earth
Receive the radio frequency energy on Earth and convert it back to electricity
Provide the electricity to the utility grid
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-14
DISTRIBUTION AFTER RECEIVING BY GROUND BASED RECEIVER
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-15
FLOW CHART OF WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION VIA SOLAR SATELITE
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-16
OVERVIEW OF SYSTEM DESIGN
Solar Panel
Spacetenna (antenna on satellite)
Rectenna (rectifying antenna)
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-17
SOLAR PANEL
o Set of solar photovoltaic modules electrically connected and mounted on a supporting structure.
o Photovoltaic module is a packaged , connected assembly of solar cells.
o Solar panels use photons(light energy) from sun to generate electricity through photovoltaic effect.
o Solar panels were first used in space in 1958.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-18
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-19
SPACETENNA(ANTENNA ON SATELLITE)
o Spacetenna is a triangular prism with a length of 800 m and sides of 100 m.
o The faces of prism are embedded with photovoltaic cells .These cells would convert solar energy into electricity, which in turn power onboard , Microwave Generator.
o The microwave thus produced travels through atmosphere & collected by RECTENNAS on earth.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-20
RECTENNA(RECTIFYING ANTENNA)
o An antenna comprising a mesh of dipoles and diodes for absorbing microwave energy from a transmitter and converting it into electric power.
o Microwaves are received with about 85% efficiency.
o 95% beam will fall on the Rectenna.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-21
ADVANTAGES
Unlimited energy resource Energy delivered anywhere in the world Zero fuel cost Zero CO2 emission Minimum long-range environmental impact Solar radiation can be more efficiently collected in space
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-22
DISADVANTAGES
Launch costs Capital cost even given cheap launchers Would require a network of hundreds of satellites Possible health hazards The size of the antennas and rectennas Geosynchronous satellites would take up large sections of
space Interference with communication satellites
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087 PAGE-23
CONCLUSION
The wireless power transmission is More reliable than ground based solar power. In order for SPS to become a reality several things have to happen:
1.Government Support2.Cheaper launch prices3.Involement of private sectors
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
Dept.Of EEE . Regd No:1221305087
REFERENCES
• www.google.com• www.wikipedia.com
• Ralph H. Nansen solar power industries “WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION :The key to solar power satellites” IEEE AES system magazine , January 1996.
• Brown, W. C., “Beamed microwave power transmission and its application to space”, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech.,vol.40.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
kalam institute of technology, BAM.
ANY QUESTION ????