woodstove changeout on the. johna boulafentis & tui moliga nez perce tribe environmental...
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WOODSTOVE CHANGEOUT WOODSTOVE CHANGEOUT
ON THEON THE
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Johna Boulafentis & Tui MoligaJohna Boulafentis & Tui MoligaNez Perce TribeNez Perce Tribe
Environmental Restoration and Waste Environmental Restoration and Waste ManagementManagement
Air Quality ProgramAir Quality Program
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HypothesisHypothesis
Wood stove replacement will reduce indoor Wood stove replacement will reduce indoor levels of PM and associated wood smoke levels of PM and associated wood smoke chemical markers from domestic wood chemical markers from domestic wood burning?burning?
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Project PartnersProject Partners
EPAEPA University of MontanaUniversity of Montana Northwest Indian College, Nez Perce Tribe Distance Northwest Indian College, Nez Perce Tribe Distance
Learning CentersLearning Centers Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals Washington State University Extension Energy Program Washington State University Extension Energy Program Swinomish TribeSwinomish Tribe Ni Mii Puu HealthNi Mii Puu Health Nez Perce Tribe Housing AuthorityNez Perce Tribe Housing Authority Nez Perce Tribe Forestry & Fire Division Nez Perce Tribe Forestry & Fire Division Nez Perce Tribe Safety ProgramNez Perce Tribe Safety Program
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Study OverviewStudy Overview
Recruit 16 householdsRecruit 16 households Outreach and EducationOutreach and Education Measure before and after changeoutMeasure before and after changeout
– Ambient airAmbient air– Indoor air Indoor air – Health of asthmatic child Health of asthmatic child
Conduct sampling during winter months Conduct sampling during winter months Wood stove changeoutWood stove changeout
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Free EPA-Certified Woodstoves Available! Participate in ERWM’s
Woodstove Study & Changeout
Qualifying Residences:Use an old woodstove as the primary source of heat Are a nonsmoking, tribal member home in Lapwai or KamiahHave a child between ages 6 and 17 with asthma or respiratory related illness
Participants Receive:New, cleaner burning and more efficient woodstove Improved indoor air quality in home
To participate or for more information, contactJohna Boulafentis at 843-9381 x23671
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Outreach and EducationOutreach and Education
OfficeOffice MediaMedia
– KLEW T.V.KLEW T.V.– Articles/Informational NoticesArticles/Informational Notices– Letters & mass emailLetters & mass email– PostersPosters
FieldField– Presentations & Air Quality BoothPresentations & Air Quality Booth
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Ambient MonitoringAmbient Monitoring
Utilize existing network in Kamiah and Utilize existing network in Kamiah and LapwaiLapwai– PM2.5 TEOMPM2.5 TEOM– Met Site: temperature, RH, precipitation, wind Met Site: temperature, RH, precipitation, wind
speed speed – Forecasts of inversion conditions Forecasts of inversion conditions – EPA PM2.5 standardsEPA PM2.5 standards
24/hr is 35 μg/m24/hr is 35 μg/m33, , annual is 15 μg/mannual is 15 μg/m33
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Pre-SamplingPre-Sampling
Initial meeting with participantInitial meeting with participant– Discuss study and equipmentDiscuss study and equipment– Keeping records of daily activitiesKeeping records of daily activities
Collect home informationCollect home information– Age of home, square footage, number of roomsAge of home, square footage, number of rooms– Wood type, cords burned per year, how long the Wood type, cords burned per year, how long the
wood was seasoned, how they acquire their wood was seasoned, how they acquire their woodwood
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Health StudyHealth Study
Participants monitor their asthmatic Participants monitor their asthmatic child’s breathing for up to 2 weekschild’s breathing for up to 2 weeks– Use a PiKo-1 Electronic Peak Use a PiKo-1 Electronic Peak
Flow MeterFlow Meter Measures how much air the child Measures how much air the child
can take into the lungs and breathe can take into the lungs and breathe outout
Record measurements on data Record measurements on data sheetsheet
– Survey about child’s physical Survey about child’s physical activity and emotions related to activity and emotions related to their respiratory illnesstheir respiratory illness
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Indoor Air SamplingIndoor Air Sampling
Sample for 24-hour period, 2 to 4 sample daysSample for 24-hour period, 2 to 4 sample days Leland Sampler / Personal Environmental Monitor Leland Sampler / Personal Environmental Monitor
(PEM) with a quartz filter:(PEM) with a quartz filter:– Organic Carbon / Elemental Carbon (OC/EC)Organic Carbon / Elemental Carbon (OC/EC)– Chemical markers (vanillin, acetovanillone, guaiacol, 4-Chemical markers (vanillin, acetovanillone, guaiacol, 4-
ethylguaiacol, levoglucosan, abietic acid, dehydroabietic ethylguaiacol, levoglucosan, abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid)acid)
DustTrak (continuous PM2.5 mass) set to run for DustTrak (continuous PM2.5 mass) set to run for 48 hours48 hours
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Sample Day: InternSample Day: Intern
Equipment dutiesEquipment duties– Calibration and set-up Calibration and set-up – CleaningCleaning
Record KeepingRecord Keeping– Documenting Documenting
equipment readingsequipment readings– Downloading & emailing Downloading & emailing
DustTrak data to Tony DustTrak data to Tony Ward, University of Ward, University of MontanaMontana
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Indoor Sampling EquipmentIndoor Sampling Equipment
DustTrak
PEM
Leland (inside)
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Sample Day: ParticipantSample Day: Participant
Record of home activities Record of home activities – 2 pages: cooking, cleaning, candles, etc.2 pages: cooking, cleaning, candles, etc.– Nez Perce traditional burning (sweet grass, Nez Perce traditional burning (sweet grass,
sage, patosway, or boiling of kouse kouse)sage, patosway, or boiling of kouse kouse)
Record of wood burning activities Record of wood burning activities – Loading and stoking Loading and stoking – Size of logs and how many pieces usedSize of logs and how many pieces used
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Old Stoves & EquipmentOld Stoves & Equipment
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0
50
100
150
200
250
Sampling Homes
PM
2.5
, ug
/m3
Lapwai
Kamiah
Indoor PM2.5 Levels Prior to Changeout
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PM2.5 Pre Changeout4,000 ug/m3
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Indoor and Outdoor PM2.5 Levels Prior to Changeout
0
50
100
150
200
250
PM
2.5
, u
g/m
3
Lapwai indoor
Kamiah indoor
Outdoor
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The Changeout!The Changeout!
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New StovesNew Stoves
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Lapwai 1 Lapwai 2 Kamiah
PM
2.5
, ug
/m3
Pre
Post
Indoor PM2.5 Levels Pre and Post Changeout
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PM2.5 Post Changeout
180 ug/m3
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Installation Inspection & Installation Inspection & Homeowner TrainingHomeowner Training
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Happy Homeowners!Happy Homeowners!
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ChallengesChallenges
Sampling equipment malfunctions Sampling equipment malfunctions HomeownersHomeowners
– Paperwork, no showsPaperwork, no shows– Selecting 4 new homes mid-studySelecting 4 new homes mid-study
Distance to KamiahDistance to Kamiah Wood stove business & installerWood stove business & installer
– Distance (~200 miles away)Distance (~200 miles away)– 22ndnd round of installations delayed two months due to round of installations delayed two months due to
snowsnow– Attitude/not vested in the community Attitude/not vested in the community
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SuccessesSuccesses
Partnerships & intern participation Partnerships & intern participation 16 tribal homes with EPA certified stoves16 tribal homes with EPA certified stoves
– New stoves “burned off” before change out New stoves “burned off” before change out – Reduced indoor PM2.5 levelsReduced indoor PM2.5 levels– Old stoves recycled Old stoves recycled – Installation inspection & trainingInstallation inspection & training
Reduced ambient PM2.5 in each communityReduced ambient PM2.5 in each community Interest outside of study communitiesInterest outside of study communities Future funding with the University of MTFuture funding with the University of MT
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Sign on a participant’s front door www.nativeasthma.org
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Lessons Learned & Looking ForwardLessons Learned & Looking Forward
InstallerInstaller– Purchase stoves from a local businessPurchase stoves from a local business– In a written agreement or in the bidIn a written agreement or in the bid
New stoves “burned off” pre-change outNew stoves “burned off” pre-change out Old stoves hauled to a recycler Old stoves hauled to a recycler
– Work towards having a tribal member become a Work towards having a tribal member become a National Fireplace Institute Certified Wood Burning National Fireplace Institute Certified Wood Burning SpecialistSpecialist
HomeownerHomeowner– Written agreement about removing old stoveWritten agreement about removing old stove
Wood stove fair in Fall ’08Wood stove fair in Fall ’08