world population day commemorative ceremony - dop.gov.mm€¦ · 11th july 2016. world population...
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The Republic of the Union of Myanmar
1 Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population
World Population Day Commemorative Ceremony
11th July 2016
World Population Day Theme
“Investing in Teenage Girls”
“ဆယ်ကျော်သျ် မိန်းျကေးမေားဘဝ မှ င််တင််ကေး၊ ေ််းနီှးမှ ငုပ်နံှ ပံတပုိးကပး”
“The success of the new sustainable development agenda depends on how well we support and invest in teenage girls”
KEY MESSAGES
The new 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is an unprecedented opportunity for teenage girls to claim their rights, realize their aspirations and transform our world. When countries invest in the health and education of their youth, especially teenage girls, and create opportunities for them to realize their full potential, they are also better positioned to realize a demographic dividend, which can propel economic growth to combat poverty.
KEY MESSAGES
INVESTING IN TEENAGE GIRLS TO
HARNESS THE DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND
IN MYANMAR
What is Demographic Dividend(DD)?
What is Myanmar Situation?
What are the key pillars to harness
the DD?
What should we do to reap DD?
OUTLINE
What is Demographic Dividend(DD)?
Demographic transition from high fertility and high mortality to low fertility and low mortality
Increase of the size of the working age population relative to dependent population
Reduction of the dependency ratio
DD is an opportunity and is not automatic
Demographic Divided refers to Rapid Economic Growth in a country as consequence of :
In order to translate the favorable demographic conditions into economic gain, governments
have to create the right policy environment and invest in key sectors of the economy.
What is Demographic Dividend(DD)?
The proportion of
children in the
population has been
declining
Rapid growth of the
population of young
people
People in 10-14 age
group are the most
Working age group 15-
64 is increasing
(Population Bonus) 15 10 5 0 5 10 15
0 - 4
5 - 9
10 -14
15 - 19
20 - 24
25 - 29
30 - 34
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 49
50 - 54
55 - 59
60 - 64
65 - 69
70 - 74
75 - 79
80 - 84
85 - 89
90 +
Myanmar Population Pyramid, 2014 Census
Male Female
(%)
What is Myanmar situation?
Population Pyramid 1973, 1983 & 2014
3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 0 1,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000
0 - 4
5 - 9
10-14
15 - 19
20 - 24
25 - 29
30 - 34
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 49
50 - 54
55 - 59
60 - 64
65 - 69
70 - 74
75 - 79
80 - 84
85 - 89
90+
1973 Census 1983 Census 2014 Census
Males Females
• Population pyramid
in 1973 and 1983 are
bottom based
signifying youthful
population
• Pyramid in 2014
shows a pot shaped,
signify slow
population growth
What is Myanmar Situation?
Population
aged
0 – 14
Population
aged
15-64
Population
aged 65
and over
Total
dependency
ratio
Child
dependency
ratio
Old
dependency
ratio
2014
Census 14,399,569
32,982,768
2,897,563 52.5 43.7 8.8
1983
Census
13,159,645
19,625,065
1,340,198 73.9 67.1 6.8
1973
Census
11,643,840
15,411,041
1,029,632 82.2 75.6 6.7
The Total Dependency Ratio for Myanmar was 52.5 in
2014 compared to 73.9 in 1983 and 82.2 in 1973.
What is Myanmar Situation?
What is Myanmar Situation?
Education attainment by sex (25 years and over)
11.97
39.86
24.08
13.98
2.73
0.21
0.30
5.00
0.23
1.63
16.19
44.14
17.45
11.10
2.30
0.11
0.19
6.98
0.42
1.12
- 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
None
Primary school
Middle school
High school
College
Vocational training
Diploma
Graduate
Post-graduate and above
Other
Female
Male
Percentage of currently attending school drops
drastically after the age of 12 for both males and females
-
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Percentage of males and females currently attending school
Both sexes
Males
Females% a
tte
nd
ing
sch
oo
l
Age in Years
What is Myanmar Situation?
What is Myanmar Situation?
Female labour force participation is much lower than
males at all ages
-
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
15
- 1
9
20
- 2
4
25
- 2
9
30
- 3
4
35
- 3
9
40
- 4
4
45
- 4
9
50
- 5
4
55
- 5
9
60
- 6
4
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Labour Force Participation Rate, males and females aged 15-64 years
Union
Males
Females
Age Groups
What is Myanmar Situation?
The unemployment rate among young people (aged 15-
19) is 10 %, which is much higher than the Union
average at 4.0 %
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
15
- 1
9
20
- 2
4
25
- 2
9
30
- 3
4
35
- 3
9
40
- 4
4
45
- 4
9
50
- 5
4
55
- 5
9
60
- 6
4
Un
emp
loym
en
t ra
te (
%)
Age Groups
Unemployment rate for males and females aged 15-64 years
Both sexes
Males
Females
What is Myanmar Situation?
About 33 for every 1,000 adolescent girls give birth
between age 15 – 19.
Shan and Chin have the highest adolescent fertility
rates
33
22
38
21 23 27 27 28
31 33 37 38 38 39 39 40
50
59
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
What is Myanmar Situation?
Most of the
international
migrants are young
people (15 – 39)
Significant
proportion of young
migrant girls 15 10 5 0 5 10
0 - 4
5 - 9
10 - 14
15 - 19
20 - 24
25 - 29
30 - 34
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 49
50 - 54
55 - 59
60 - 64
65 - 69
70 - 74
75 - 79
80+
Age-sex pyramid of former household
members living abroad
Males Females
%
The country's favorable current age composition still
holds the opportunity for higher productivity and
economic growth.
By creating jobs and investing in health and
education to build human capital, many countries
across Asian Tigers, Latin America, and North Africa
have benefited from a demographic dividend.
What should we do to reap DD?
Policy Interventions Facilitating a Demographic Dividend
• Improving People’s
Health
• Investing in Education
•Tailoring Economic
Policies
•Strengthen
Governance practices
What should we do to reap DD?
What should we do to reap DD?
Strong investments in children and young people’s health, including sexual and reproductive health and family planning, will support young people to grow up to be healthy, productive adults ready to contribute to country’s economy.
Educating girls is an important long-term economic investment, because girls with more education tend to delay their marriage, participate in the formal labor force and have higher earning potential.
Increasing the educational attainment of young people builds a skilled workforce.
What should we do to reap DD? Ensuring that job opportunities are available for both
highly educated young people and unskilled laborers is vital to reducing both unemployment and underemployment.
Policies that promote job market growth will support a prosperous, productive, and sustainable future for Myanmar.
With a labour force participation rate of 51 percent of women, the capacity of women to contribute to the country's economic growth has been underutilized. Thus, it is essential to increase the labor force participation rate of women to reap the demographic dividend.
Consequences of not investing in young people?
However, if mismanaged, this opportunity can easily turn out into a 'demographic burden'.
If the country is unable to generate at least a number of jobs equal to the new entrants in the labor market, then economic growth will be jeopardized.
Consequently, poverty levels would increase and the country would have to deal with a growing group of disillusioned, unemployed young people who are unable to find proper place on the job market.
Be prepared to invest in
teenage girls to harness the
Demographic dividend by
using census data!
Thank You!
World Population Day Theme
“Investing in Teenage Girls”
“ဆယ်ကျော်သျ် မိန်းျကေးမေားဘဝ မှ င််တင််ကေး၊ ေ််းနီှးမှ ငုပ်နံှ ပံတပုိးကပး”