wrf2015 ss14 lettenmeier_decoupling_in_germany_1510314_final

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Decoupling in Germany? Michael Le5enmeier & Iina Heikkilä Dmat ltd.

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Page 1: Wrf2015 ss14 lettenmeier_decoupling_in_germany_1510314_final

Decoupling  in  Germany?  Michael  Le5enmeier  &  Iina  Heikkilä  

       D-­‐mat  ltd.  

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 •  Germany  has  long  been  considered  a  front-­‐runner  in  environmental  policy  

•  The  German  resource  produc9vity  programme  ProgRess  has  ambi99ous  goals  

•  Does  a  decoupling  of  economy  and  environmental  impacts  happen  on  the  basis  of  literature?  

What  the  Finnish  InnovaCon  Fund  Sitra  wanted  to  know  

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RelaCve  and  absolute  decoupling  

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Indicators  showing  absolute  decoupling  

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Levelling  out  but  no  absolute  decoupling  

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No  absolute  decoupling,  if  any  

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+ 16 % + 20 % + 74 %

Development  of  imports  

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Land  use  for  food  producCon  

0  

5000  

10000  

15000  

20000  

25000  

30000  

35000  

2000   2005   2010  

Mill.  hectares  

Ko9mainen  ruuantuotanto   Tuodun  ruuan  vaa9ma  maa-­‐ala  Produc9on  in  Germany   Imported  produc9on  

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German  Environmental  Economic  AccounCng  

Source: Destatis 2013

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Raw-­‐material  use  and  GDP  

0

50

100

150

200

250

1994

=100

Raw material productivity (abiotic) and GDP

GDP Raw material productivity Direct material imput Direct material imput (incl. imports) Abio9c  DMI       Abio9c  RMI      

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Raw-­‐material  use,  GDP  and  Target  2020  

0

50

100

150

200

250

1994

=100

Raw material productivity (abiotic) and GDP

GDP Raw material productivity Direct material imput Direct material imput (incl. imports) Abio9c  DMI       Abio9c  RMI      

Page 12: Wrf2015 ss14 lettenmeier_decoupling_in_germany_1510314_final

TMC  

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TMC  and  2050  target  

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•  Decoupling  through  matura9on  

•  Decoupling  through  burden-­‐shiHing  

•  Decoupling  through  inten9onal  resource  produc9vity  increase  

Three  types  of  decoupling  (UNEP  2014)  

Page 15: Wrf2015 ss14 lettenmeier_decoupling_in_germany_1510314_final

•  Closing  inefficient  produc9on  in  the  east  (1990ies)  

•  Reunifica9on  transport  infrastructure  projects  done  (coming  years)    

•  Resource-­‐efficiency  leaps  in  manufacturing  companies  (ongoing),    

•  Replacing  coal  by  renewable  energies  (ongoing)  

•  Transport  infrastructure  repair  wave  (star9ng)  

•  Closing  material  cycles  (e.g.  urban  mining,  star9ng)  

•  ShiHing  taxa9on  focus  from  labour  to  natural  resources  (liTle  ac9vi9es  so  far)  

•  Resource-­‐efficient  consump9on  (future  topic)    

Decoupling  in  steps  –  or  even  projects?  

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•  Matura9on  aHer  the  re-­‐unifica9on  

•  Absolute  decoupling  in  domes9c  indicators  

•  Material  use  has  stabilized,  but  is  not  declining  

•  So  far  no  absolute  decoupling  with  imports  included  

•  Measures:  take  imports  and  upstream  into  considera9on!  

•  Will  decoupling  do  it?  

Conclusions  

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Thank  you!  

 Michael  Le5enmeier  D-­‐mat  ltd.  

michael@d-­‐mat.fi  www.d-­‐mat.fi  

facebook.com/materialfootprint    

 

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•  BMUB  (2012).  German  Resource  Efficiency  Programme  (ProgRess).  Programme  for  the  sustainable    use  and  conserva9on  of  natural  resources.  Federal  Ministry  for  the  Environment,  Nature  Conserva9on,    Building  and  Nuclear  Safety,  Berlin.    

•  Bringezu,  S.  2015.  Possible  target  corridor  for  sustainable  use  of  global  material  resources.  Resources,  4(1),  25-­‐54.  •  Desta9s  (2012):  Water  footprints  of  food  products  in  Germany  2000-­‐2010.  Sta9s9sches  Bundesamt,  Wiesbaden.  •  Desta9s  (2013a):  Land  use  of  food  products  2010.  Sta9s9sches  Bundesamt,  Wiesbaden.  •  Desta9s  (2013b):  Umweltnutzung  und  WirtschaH.  Bericht  zu  den  Umweltökonomischen  Gesamtrechnungen.  

Sta9s9sches  Bundesamt,  Wiesbaden.  www.desta9s.de/DE/Publika9onen/Thema9sch/UmweltoekonomischeGesamtrechnungen/QuerschniT/UmweltnutzungundWirtschaHBericht5850001137004.pdf?__blob=publica9onFile  

•  Desta9s  (2014):  Nachhal9ge  Entwicklung  in  Deutschland.  Indikatorenbericht  2014.  Sta9s9sches  Bundesamt,  Wiesbaden.  

•  DiTrich,  M.;    Giljum,  S.;  LuTer,  s.  &  Polzin,  C.  (2012).  Aktualisierung  von  na9onalen  und  interna9onalen  Ressourcenkennzahlen.  Umweltbundesamt.  UBA-­‐Texte  7/2013.Jorgenson,  A.  K.,  Clark,  B.  2012.  Are  the  Economy  and  the  Environment  Decoupling?  A  Compara9ve  Interna9onal  Study,  1960-­‐2005.  American  Journal  of  Sociology.  Vol  118(1):1-­‐44.  

•  Global  Footprint  Network:  Country  Trends  Germany.  www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/trends/germany/  visited  26.9.2014.  

•  LeTenmeier,  M.,  Heikkilä,  I.  2014.  Talouskasvun  ja  ympäristövaikutusten  ir9kytkentä  Saksassa.  (Decoupling  of  economic  growth  and  environmental  impacts  in  Germany.  In  Finnish.)  D-­‐mat  ltd.,  Lah9/Finland.  

•  LeTenmeier,  M.,  Liedtke,  C.,  Rohn,  H.  2014.  Eight  Tonnes  of  Material  Footprint  –  Sugges9on  for  a  Resource  Cap  for  House-­‐hold  Consump9on  in  Finland.  Resources  3,  488–515.  

•  NTNU,  Norwegian  University  of  Science  and  technology:  Carbon  footprint  of  na9ons.  hTp://carbonfootprintofna9ons.com/  visited  23.10.2014.  

References